Sustainability considerations:Industry and developing countries

Dr Rocio A Diaz Chavez

Centre for Environmental Policy

Imperial College London

(r.diaz-chavez@imperial.ac.uk)

SCOPE 2010 Award Young Scientist

Low Carbon Energy for Development LCEDN Workshop

World Café 1

Sustainable development

• Sustainable development- effective implementation needs participation

• Environmental management tools such as ESIA and SEA include public participation (stakeholders)

• “Social sustainable development” has social elements considered. Also included in some international conventions e.g. ILO

• Included in some voluntary standards

Methodologies for sustainability assessment

• Indicators (criteria, principles)• LCA• SEA• ESIA• Mapping stakeholders• Corporate Social Responsibility• Sustainability Reporting

Regional and local levels

Objectives

Demonstration

Data & indicators

Environmental Policy & Institutions

•Land use change

•Environmental impacts

•LCA and supply chain

•GHG and other emissions (e.g. NOx, particulates)

•Waste

• policies plans & projects

•Directives

•Incentives

•Barriers

•Institutional capacity

Economic

• national, regional and local economy

•livelihoods

•Incentives

•Barriers

Social

•LCA Social impacts

• GHG and other emissions (health)

• social organisation

•Land property

•Gender

Research

FRAMEWORK

(Diaz-Chavez, 2003, 2006)

Cumulative and indirect impacts

Enforcement

Traditional focus

Whose sustainability?

(Dalal-Clayton, & Daler, 2005)

EU-recognised schemes for biofuels (2012)

1. ISCC (German (government financed) scheme covering all types of biofuels)

2. Bonsucro EU (Roundtable initiative for sugarcane based biofuels, focus on Brazil)

3. RTRS EU RED (Roundtable initiative for soy based biofuels, focus on Argentina and Brazil)

4. RSB EU RED (Roundtable initiative covering all types of biofuels)

5. 2BSvs (French industry scheme covering all types of biofuels)

6. RSBA (Industry scheme for Abengoa covering their supply chain)

7. Greenergy (Industry scheme for Greenergy covering sugar cane ethanol from Brazil)

8. Ensus (production of ethanol)

9. Red Tractor (Verification system for farms with mixed crops and sugarbeet)

10. SQC (Scottish Quality Farm Assured Combinable Crops (SQC) scheme)

11. Red Cert (For EU MS and Ukraine and Belarussia for biofuels)

12. NTA 8080 National Dutch system

Global Bioenergy Partnership GBEP

EU Monitoring for RED

Biodiversity

Ecosystem services

Red listInvasive speciesThreats: N

Ecosystems coverage Habitats of interestConservation areasProtected areasEcosystems goods and servicesFragmentation of habitats

Ecosystem assessmentWatershedsAgricultureForestry

GHGLand use and ILUC

Policies, regulations and programmes related to Biobased Economy

BIOTECHNOLOGY

Europe 2020 Strategy

Life Sciences and Biotechnology: a Strategy for Europe (2002) – Rev in 2007

Knowledge –Based Bio-Economy(KBBE 2005)

ETAP (2004)

Lead Market Initiative (2007) Eval in 2011

Climate and Environment Package (2007)

Strategic Energy Technology Plan (2007)

Renewable Energy Directive (2009)

Common AgriculturalPolicy

Rural Development Policy 2007-2013

REACH

Directives: Soil, Water, Biodiversity

National Plans

Market development

Region/year 2010 2011 2012European Union (27 countries) 100.14 102.80 101.25Germany 107.84 113.85 112.95France 89.74 91.79 89.75Hungary 110.95 115.16 114.55

Manufacturing sector jobs index (2005=100)

Land deals

Source: (Land Matrix, 2013)

Other considerations

• Other Low carbon technologies

• Difference of scale (industrial?)

• Solar and wind other sustainability issues

• Additional resources such as Equator Principles (IFC) for larger projects

• SME should also be supporting sustainability issues (?)

What to consider

PathwayTransport Products End useFeedstock

FuelFodderChemicals ( sub-classification)

Certification final products

skills

World Café information

• Tables 8-10 participants

• 1 Secretary per table

• 4 questions, 10 minutes each

• First, quick poll

• Second, discussion

• Secretaries quick feedback end of session

Questions

1. Does low-carbon energy mean “sustainable”?

2. Should sustainability criteria be applied to all low carbon technologies / products and across all scales?

3. Should sustainability criteria influence global markets to promote low carbon technologies and products?

4. Should the private sector support sustainability criteria and standards or should it be public policy driven?