SCADAby

Prasad Mane (05IT6012)

School of Information Technology

Apr 10, 2023 SCADA 2

Contents..

Introduction Hardware Architecture Software Architecture Functionality Conclusion References

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Introduction What is SCADA?

What is data acquisition?

Where and why, use of SCADA?Application area :

Industrial processes : chemical, power generation and distribution, metallurgy,

… Nuclear processes : reactors, nuclear waste, ... Experimental physics : HEP laboratories

Application size: 20 k I/O to 450 K I/O, 1 M I/O under development

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Data Server

SCADA ?

SupervisoryControl

AndDataAcquisition

Graphics and Batch processingArchiving, Logging, Access Control, Alarms

Distributed database

PLC’s

Field Bus

Data Server

Control Programs

ERP SystemsExpert Systems

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Architecture

Hardware

Software

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Hardware

Typical Hardware Architecture

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Software Architecture

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Software Architecture Communication

Internal CommunicationAccess to Devices

InterfacingH/W

Multiple communication protocols supported in a single system Support for major PLCs/DCSs but not VME

S/W API ODBC, DDE and OLE I/F to PC Products OPC Client and OPC Server ActiveX Containers

Scalability

DatabaseConfiguration DB, alarm DB, Archive DB, log DB and

RTDB resides in the memory of the servers

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Functionality

Generic SCADA functionality Access Control, MMI, Trending, Alarm Handling, Logging, Archiving, Report Generation, Automation.

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Functionality Contd..

Access Control Users - allocated to groups

group - defined read/write access

MMI multiple screens

library of standard graphical symbols

dragged and dropped

zooming, re-sizing, scrolling...

Links - pages to navigate

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Functionality Contd.. Trending

based on parameters on specific chart

can be predefined or defined on-line

more than 8 trended parameters per chart

both real-time and historical trending

zooming and scrolling

Alarm Handling based on limit and status checking

handled centrally

E-mails can be generated

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Functionality Contd..

Logging, Archiving Data stored in compressed and proprietary format Logging / Archiving either for a set number of parameters or for

a set period of time Logging / Archiving can be frequency or event driven * Logging of user actions together with a user ID VCR facility for playback of stored data Writing logs into RTDB

Report Generation Reports created using SQL type queries to the RTDB or logs Automatic generation, printing and archiving of reports Use of ‘components’ for report generation

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Functionality Contd..

Automation triggered by events

defined in scripting languages

send e-mail ,write into RTDB

recipes

Sequencing

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Development Tools

Project editor Graphics editor Configuration through parameter templates Scripting language Driver Development Tool Kit And more…

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Data Access Mechanism's

Alarm Server typically poll data from the data server( -> impact on network

bandwidth)

More advanced techniques like publish / subscribe are available in some cases

Data from field buses are mainly polled

Field Bus

Data Server

Alarm Server

Polling

Polling

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Conclusion SCADA is a control system with

•More frond end functionality•More interfaces and efficient storage •More record or device oriented configuration•but System wide configuration tools are needed•are less expensive than DCS, but offer different functionality than DCS•And finally various applications

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References

1. www.scadanews.com

2. www.princeton-indiana.com/wastewater/pages/scada/scada-overview.html

3. www.ref.web.cern.ch/ref/CERN/CNL/2002/003/scada/

4. www.sss-mag.com/scada.html

5. www.scada.com