subjects related to engineering fundamentals, physics and optics

7/26/2019 Subjects Related to Engineering Fundamentals, Physics and Optics.

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Gujarat Technological University B.E Sem I 1

Gujarat Technological UniversityBE- Sem - I

Mathematics-I

Review of limits, continuity, differentiability.

Mean value theorem, Taylors Theorem, Maxima and Minima.

Riemann integrals, Fundamental theorem of Calculus, Improper inte-grals, applications to area, volume.

Convergence of sequences and series, power series.

Partial Derivatives, gradient and directional derivatives, chain rule,maxima and minima, Lagrange multipliers.

Double and Triple integration, Jacobians and change of variables for-mula.

Parametrization of curves and surfaces, vector Fields, line and surface

integrals.

Divergence and curl, Theorems of Green, Gauss, and Stokes.

Texts/References

1. Hughes-Hallett et al., Calculus - Single and Multivariable (3rd Edition),John-Wiley and Sons (2003).

2. James Stewart, Calculus (5th Edition), Thomson (2003).

3. T. M. Apostol, Calculus, Volumes 1 and 2 (2nd Edition), Wiley Eastern

1980.

4. G. B. Thomas and R. L. Finney, Calculus and Analytic Geometry


2/27

Gujarat Technological University. B.E Sem II 1

Gujarat Technological UniversitySemester II

Maths II

Vectors in Rn, notion of linear independence and dependence, linear

span of a set of vectors, vector subspaces of Rn, basis of a vectorsubspace.

Systems of linear equations, matrices and Gauss elimination, row space,null space, and column space, rank of a matrix.

Determinants and rank of a matrix in terms of determinants.

Abstract vector spaces, linear transformations, matrix of a linear trans-formation, change of basis and similarity, rank-nullity theorem.

Inner product spaces, Gram-Schmidt process, orthonormal bases, pro-

jections and least squares approximation.

Eigenvalues and eigenvectors, characteristic polynomials, eigenvaluesof special matrices ( orthogonal, unitary, hermitian, symmetric, skew-

symmetric, normal). algebraic and geometric multiplicity, diagonaliza-

tion by similarity transformations, spectral theorem for real symmetricmatrices, application to quadratic forms.

Texts/References

1. H. Anton, Elementary linear algebra with applications (8th Edition),

John Wiley (1995).

2. G. Strang, Linear algebra and its applications (4th Edition), Thom-son(2006).

3. S. Kumaresan, Linear algebra - A Geometric approach, Prentice Hall

of India (2000).

4. E. Kreyszig, Advanced engineering mathematics (8th Edition), John

Wiley (1999).


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GUJARAT TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITYB.E Semester: 3

Subject Code 130001Subject Name Mathematics - 3

Sr.No Course content

1. First order ODE:

Methods for solving them, homogeneous equations, exactness, methods for

finding integrating factors, Linear and Bernoullis equation.

2. Higher order ODE:

Linear ODEs (generalities) complimentary function as and particularintegrals, linear dependence and independence of functions, Wronskians,

Abel-Liouville formula, use of a known solution (for reduction of order)

method of variation of parameter.

3. Linear ODEs with constant coefficient and the Cauchy Euler equation. the

characteristic polynomial and indicial polynomial, discussion of the case of

complex roots and repeated roots, extracting the real form of the solution via

Eulers formula , method of undetermined coefficient for

finding the particular integral for special right hand sides. (forcing functions)

both for constant coefficient ODEs as well as Cauchy Euler ODEs.

4. Beta Gamma functions and their basic properties, statement of Eulers

reflection formula, duplication formula via beta gamma.

5. Laplace transforms:

Definition of functions of exponential type with examples. Definition of the

Laplace transform and its basic properties as well as examples of Laplace

transforms of exponential function, polynomials and trigonometric functions.

Statement of the Riemann Lebesgue lemma. Finding the inverse transform.

Laplace transform of

and Heaviside unit step function and shifting

theorems. Convolution and the convolutions theorem. Beta gamma identity.

Use of Laplace transform for solving IVP for ODEs and systems of ODEs.

Computing certain important integrals via Laplace transforms.

6. Series solution of ODEs, Illustrative examples as the equations of Legendre,

Tchebychev etc., Legendre polynomials, their Orthogonality and

completeness.


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7. Ordinary differential equations with regular singular points and the method of

Frobenious. Detailed discussion of Bessels equations and Bessels

functions of first kind only. Basic properties of ( )pJ x , the recurrence relation

between ( )1pJ x , ( )pJ x and ( )1pJ x+ . Integral representation of ( )nJ x

(where n is a non negative integer).

8. Fourier series and Fourier transforms Basic formulae in Fourier series.

Statement of the theorem on pointwise convergence of Fourier series.

Parsevals formula (statement only) and Bessels inequality with examples.

Mean convergence of Fourier series.

Fourier transforms and its basic properties. Fourier transform of the

Gaussian and the Fourier inversion theorem (statement only). Riemann

Lebesgue lemma for Fourier series and Fourier transforms (statement only).

9. Basic partial differential equations of mathematical physics and their origins

(vibrating strings, vibrating membrances heat conduction in solids etc.,).

Solving PDEs via the method of separation of variables. The Laplace

operator in cylindrical and spherical polar coordinates. Brief discussion of

Fourier Bessel series. Solution via Fourier series/Fourier-Bessel series for

rectangular and circular domains in2

R and spherical and cylindrical

domains in3

R .

Reference Books:

1. E.Kreyszig, Advanced engineering mathematics (8th Edition), John Wiley (1999).

2. W. E. Boyce and R. DiPrima, Elementary Differential Equations (8 th Edition), John Wiley (2005).

3. R. V. Churchill and J. W. Brown, Fourier series and boundary value problems(7

thEdition), McGraw-Hill (2006).

4. T.M.Apostol, Calculus , Volume-2 ( 2nd Edition ), Wiley Eastern , 1980


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GUJARAT TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY

B.E Semester: 4

Subject Name Mathematics-IV


1. Complex numbers and functions:Limits of Functions, Continuity, Differentiability, Analytic functions,Cauchy-Riemann Equations, Necessary and Sufficient condition foranalyticity, Properties of Analytic Functions, Laplace Equation, HarmonicFunctions, Finding Harmonic Conjugate functionsExponential, Trigonometric, Hyperbolic functions and its properties.Multiple valued function and its branches: Logarithmic function andComplex Exponent function.

2. Complex Integration:Curves, Line Integrals (contour integral) and its properties. Line integralsof single valued functions, Line integrals of multiple valued functions(by choosing suitable branches). Cauchy-Goursat Theorem, CauchyIntegral Formula, Liouville Theorem, Fundamental Theorem of Algebra,Maximum Modulus Theorems.

3. Power Series:Convergence (Ordinary, Uniform, Absolute) of power series,Taylor and Laurent Theorems, Laurent series expansions. Zeros of

analytic functions. Singularities of analytic functions and their classificationResidues: Residue Theorem, Rouches Theorem, Argument Principle.

4. Applications of Contour Integration:Evaluating various type of definite real integrals using contour integrationmethod.

5. Conformal Mapping and its applications:Mappings by elementary functions, Mobius transformations, Schwarz-Christoffel transformation.

6. Interpolation:Interpolation by polynomials, divided differences, error of the interpolatingpolynomial.

7. Numerical integration:Composite rules, error formulae, Gaussian integration.

8. Linear algebraic equation:Solution of a system of linear equations: implementation of Gaussianelimination and Gauss-Seidel methods, partial pivoting.


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9. Roots of equation:Solution of a nonlinear equation: Bisection and Secant methods, Newtonsmethod, rate of convergence, Power method for computation of Eigenvalues.

10. Ordinary differential equations:Numerical solution of ordinary differential equations, Euler and Runge-

Kutta methods.

Reference Books:

1) R. V. Churchill and J. W. Brown, Complex variables and applicati (7th Edition),

McGraw-Hill (2003).

2) J. M. Howie, Complex analysis, Springer-Verlag (2004).

3) M. J. Ablowitz and A. S. Fokas, Complex Variables- Introduction and

Applications, Cambridge University Press, 1998 (Indian Edition).

4) E. Kreyszig, Advanced engineering mathematics (8th Edition), John

Wiley (1999).

5) S. D. Conte and Carl de Boor, Elementary Numerical Analysis- An Algorithmic

Approach (3rd Edition), McGraw-Hill, 1980.

6) C. E. Froberg, Introduction to Numerical Analysis (2nd Edition), Addison-Wesley,

1981.


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Physics

1) Architectural AcousticsClassification of Sound : Loudness Weber Fechner law Decibel AbsorptionCoefficient Reverberation Salines formula Factors affecting acoustics of

buildings and their remedies.

2) UltrasonicIntroduction, production, properties and detection of ultrasonics. Determination ofvelocity and application of ultrasonic in Engineering.

3) Crystal PhysicsIntroduction and classification of solids-crystal structure The crystal systems andBravias Lattice Space Lattices of cubic systems Miller Indices Relationbetween Interplanner Distance and cubic Edge and Laws Formula.

4) Band theory of SolidsBased theory of Solids Classification of solids Energy band structure ofconductors, insulator and semi conductions types of diodes (simple diode, Zenerdiode, varactor diode, LED Solar cells, photovoltaic cell, Photo Conductivity, Halleffects.

5) LASERS :Introduction and properties of Lasers, Stimulated and instantaneous emersion Relation between Eciensteins A and B Coefficients-Population Inversion Optical

Pumping Nd-Yag Laser and CO2 Laser Application of Laser in MaterialProcessing Holography Application of Lasers

6) Optical Fibre Communication Introduction Fibre Optic System advantages ofFibre optics Basic principle Acceptance angle and Numerical Aperture Typesof optics preparation through optical fibre

7) Conducting Materials :Introduction conduction in Metals, Electron theory Q.M. treatment Free electrodetheory of metals Electrical Conductivity Thermal Conductivity Wildemann Franz law Drawbacks of classical free electrode theory

8) Super Conducting Materials

Introduction to super conductor properties of super conductor Type I and Type IIsuper conductor Comparision between I and II High T conductors Application

9) New Engineering MaterialsIntroduction Metallic glasses, types, properties, preparation and its application Introduction to nano technology method of producing, properties and itsapplication shape memory alloys types shape Memory effect Pseudo


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elasticity properties application Bio-materials General information Biomedical compatibly of Ti-Al-Nb alloys for implant application.

10) Non-Destructive TestingIntroduction The objective of NDT Types of Defects Methods of NDT (Liquid

Penetrate Dye Penetrate Radiographic) x X-ray Radiography X-ray Fluoroscopy Ultrasonic Inspection method Pulse Echo System Visual Display units.

Reference Books :

1) Engineering Physics K. Rajagopal Prentice-Hall of India Pvt. Ltd.,New Delhi

2) Engg. Physics G. Vijayakumari Vikas Publishing House Pvt.Ltd.

3) A Text book of Engg. Physics M.N. Aavadhalula S. ChandP .G. Kshirsagar

4) Engg. Physics Abhijit Nayak S.K. Kataria & Sons.,

Delhi.


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Instrumentation and Control Engineering

Subject Code 131101Subject Name Basic Electronics

Sr.No Course Content

1 Energy Bands in Solids:Charged Particles, Field Intensity, Potential Energy, The eV Unit of Energy,The Nature of the Atom, Atomic Energy Levels, Electronic Structure of TheElements, The Energy Band Theory of Crystals, Insulators, Semiconductorsand Metals

2 Transport Phenomena in Semiconductors:Mobility and Conductivity, Electrons and Holes in an IntrinsicSemiconductor, Donor and Acceptor Impurities, Charge Densities in aSemiconductor, Electrical Properties of Ge and Si, The Hall Effect,Conductivity Modulation, Generation and Recombination of Charges,Diffusion, The Continuity Equation, Injected Minority Carrier Charge, ThePotential Variation within a Graded Semiconductor

3 Junction Diode Characteristics:

Open Circuited p-n Junction, p-n Junction as a Rectifier, CurrentComponents in a p-n Diode, Volt-Ampere Characteristic, TemperatureDependence of the V/I Characteristic, Diode Resistance, Space Charge ,Transition Capacitance, Charge-Control Description of a Diode , DiffusionCapacitance , Junction Diode Switching Times, Breakdown Diodes, TunnelDiode, Semiconductor Photodiode, Photovoltaic Effect, Light EmittingDiodes

4 Diode Circuits:Diode as a Circuit Element, Load-Line Concept, Piecewise Linear DiodeModel, Clipping Circuits, Clipping at Two Independent Levels, Comparators,

Sampling Gate, Rectifiers, Other Full-Wave Circuits, Capacitor Filters,Additional Diode Circuits

5 Transistor Characteristics:Junction Transistor, Transistor Current Components, Transistor as anAmplifier, Transistor Construction, CB Configuration, CE Configuration, CECutoff region, CE Saturation Region, Typical Transistor, CE Current Gain,CC Configuration, Analytical Expressions for Transistor CharacteristicsMaximum Voltage Rating, Phototransistor


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6 Transistor at Low Frequencies:Graphical Analysis of the CE configuration, Two-Port Devices and theHybrid Model, Transistor Hybrid Model, h-Parameters, ConversionFormulas for the Parameters of Three Transistor Configurations, Analysisof a Transistor Amplifier Circuit Using h Parameters, Thevenins and

Nortons Theorems and Corollaries, Emitter Follower, Comparison ofTransistor Amplifier Configurations, Linear Analysis of a Transistor Circuit,Millers Theorem and its Dual, Cascading Transistor Amplifiers, SimplifiedCE Hybrid Model, Simplified Calculations for the CC Configuration, CEAmplifier with an Emitter Resistance, High Input Resistance TransistorCircuits

7 Transistor Biasing and Thermal Stabilization:Operating Point, Bias Stability, Self-Bias , Stabilization against Variations inICO, VBE and , General Remarks on Collector-Current Stability, BiasCompensation, Thermistor and Sensistor Compensation, Thermal

Runaway, Thermal Stability

8 Field Effect Transistors:Junction FET, Pinch-Off Voltage, JFET Volt-Ampere Characteristics, FETSmall-Signal Model, MOSFET, Digital MOSFET Circuits, Low FrequencyCS and CD Amplifiers, Biasing the FET, The FET as a Voltage VariableResistor, CS Amplifier at High Frequencies, CD Amplifier at HighFrequencies

9 Power Circuits and Systems:

Class A large Signal Amplifiers, Second Harmonic Distortion, Higher OrderHarmonic Generation, Transformer Coupled Audio Power Amplifier,Efficiency, Push-Pull Amplifiers, Class B Amplifiers, Class AB Operation,Regulated Power Supplies, Series Voltage Regulator

Reference Books:

1. Integrated Electronics By Jacob Millman and Christos C. Halkias, Tata McGraw

Hill Publication

2. Electronics Devices by Floyd , Pearson Publication [Seventh edition]3. Electronic Devices and Circuit Theory by Robert Boylestad and Louis Nashelsky

[Ninth Edition]


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Subject Code 141101Subject Name Advance Electronics


1. Transistor at High Frequencies:Hybrid pi CE Transistor Model, Hybrid pi Conductances, Hybrid piCapacitances, Validity of Hybrid pi Model, Variation of Hybrid piParameters, CE Short-Circuit Current Gain, Current Gain with ResistiveLoad, Single-Stage CE Transistor Amplifier Response, Gain-BandwidthProduct, Emitter Follower at High Frequencies

2. Multistage Amplifiers:Classification of Amplifiers, Distortion in Amplifiers, Frequency Response ofan Amplifier, Bode Plots, Step Response of an Amplifier, Bandpass ofCascaded Stages, RC Coupled Amplifier, Low Frequency Response of anRC Coupled Stage, Effect of an Emitter Bypass Capacitor on Low-Frequency Response, High-Frequency Response of Two Cascaded CETransistor Stages, Multistage CE Amplifier Cascade at High Frequencies

3. Feedback Amplifiers:Classification of Amplifiers, Feedback Concept, Transfer Gain with

Feedback, General Characteristics of Negative Feedback Amplifiers, InputResistance, Output Resistance, Method of Analysis of a FeedbackAmplifier, Voltage Series Feedback, A Voltage Series Feedback Pair,Current Series Feedback, Current Shunt Feedback, Voltage ShuntFeedback

4. Stability and Oscillators:Effect of Feedback on Amplifier Bandwidth, Double-Pole Transfer Functionwith Feedback, Three Pole Transfer Function with Feedback, ApproximateAnalysis of a Multipole Feedback Amplifier, Stability, Gain and PhaseMargins, Compensation, Dominant-Pole Compensation, Pole-Zero

Compensation, Compensation by Modification of the Network, SinusoidalOscillators, Phase-Shift Oscillator, Resonant Circuit Oscillators, A GeneralForm of Oscillator Circuit, Wien Bridge Oscillator, Crystal Oscillators,Frequency Stability

5. Operational Amplifiers:Basic Operational Amplifier, Differential Amplifier, Emitter-CoupledDifferential Amplifier, Transfer Characteristics of a Differential Amplifier, AnExample of an IC Operational Amplifier, Offset Error Voltages and Currents,Temperature Drift of Input Offset Voltage and Current, Measurement ofOperational Amplifier Parameters, Frequency Response of Operational

Amplifiers, Dominant Pole Compensation, Pole-Zero Compensation, LeadCompensation, Step Response of Operational Amplifiers


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6. Logic Families :Diode Transistor Logic, High Threshold Logic, Transistor Transistor Logic,Resistor Transistor Logic, Direct Coupled Transistor Logic, Comparison ofLogic families.

7. Analog To Digital And Digital To Analog Converters:Digital to Analog Conversion, R-2R ladder type DAC, Weighted resistor

type DAC, Switched current source type DAC, Switched capacitor typeDAC, Analog to Digital Conversion, Counter type A/D converter, , Flash-type A/D converter, Dual slope A/D converter, Successive approximationADC.

Reference Books:

1. Integrated Electronics By Jacob Millman and Christos C. Halkias, Tata McGraw

Hill Publication

2. Electronic Devices and Circuit Theory by Robert Boylestad and Louis Nashelsky

[Ninth Edition]


13/27

GUJARAT TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITYB. E. SEMESTER: VI


Subject Name: Analog and Digital Communication

Subject Code: 161704

Part I Basic Communication Theory:

Sr.No

Course ContentTotalHrs.

1. Introduction to communication systems:

Communication, communication systems,

Modulation, bandwidth requirement

2

2. Noise:

External noise, internal noise,

Noise calculations, noise figure, noise temperature

2

3. Amplitude Modulation:

Amplitude modulation theory Frequency spectrum of AM wave,representation of AM wave, Power relation in the AM wave

3

4. Frequency and Phase Modulation:

Theory of Frequency and Phase Modulation:Description of the systems, mathematical representation of FM, Frequencyspectrum of FM wave, Phase modulation, Intersystem comparison,

Noise and FM:Effect of noise on carrier, pre-emphasis and de-emphasis, other form ofinterference, comparison of wide band and narrow band FM

4

5. Modulation for Digital Signal:

ASK, FSK, and PSK: Introduction, modulation and demodulation circuits,

and waveforms

Pulse Modulation:Types, PWM

3

Teaching Scheme Evaluation SchemeTheory Tutorial Practical Total University Exam

(Theory)

(E)

Mid Sem Exam

(Theory)

(M)

Practical

(I)

3 0 2 5 70 30 50


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Part II Data and Network Communication:Sr.No


1. Introduction To Data And Network Communication:

Introduction, Data Communication System, Data Communication

Links,

Character Codes, Digital Data Rates, Serial Data Formats Encoded

Data Formats.

3

2. Error Detection & Correction:

Introduction, Asynchronous Data Method, Synchronous Data

Error Methods, Error Testing Equipment.

2

3. Open System Network Models:

Introduction, Data Topologies, Data Switching,

Types Of Networks, The Open System Interconnection (OSI)

Architecture,

System Network Architecture (SNA), SNA Operating Sessions.

3

4. OSI Physical Layer Components:

Introduction, Units Of a Communication Link,

RS232C Interface Standard, RS449 interface standards,

RS422 And RS423 Interface Standards,

FSK Modems, Additional Types Of Modems, V.34 And V.90 Modems.

5

5. Higher Capacity Data Communication:

Introduction, Multiplexing Methods, Sampling Theorem, Quantization,

Pulse Code Modulation, Delta Modulation,

Digital T Carriers, Companding, Codecs.

3

6. Data-Link Layer Protocols:

Introduction, Data-Link Section, Character-Oriented Protocols,

Bit-Oriented Protocols, Protocol Analyzers.

2


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7. Network Architecture And Protocols:

Introduction, Network By Size, IEEE 802.3 And Ethernet, IEEE 802.4

Token Bus, IEEE802.5 Token Ring,

Network Interface Cards , Interconnecting LANs , IEEE 802.6Metropolitan Area Network (MAN), X.25 Packet Switch Protocol.

3

8. Fiber Optic Communication:

Introduction, Basic Concepts of Light Propagation,

Fiber Cables, Light Sources, Optical Detectors,

Fiber-Cable Losses, Wave Division Multiplexing, Fiber DistributedData Interface, FDD-II: Isochronous Traffic, The Fiber Channel,

SONET.

3

9. Wireless Communication Systems:

Introduction, Microwave Communications, Cellular Mobile Telephone

Service, Personal Communication System,

IEEE802.11: Wireless LANs Using CSMA/CA, Cellular Digital Packet

Network, Satellite Communication, Satellite Networking.

4

Text Books:

1. Electronic Communication Systems by Keddedy and Davis, Tata Mc-Graw HillPublication

2. Introduction to Data and Network Communications by Michael A. Miller, Pub:Cengage Learning

Reference Books:

1. Communication Systems: Analog and Digital by R. P. Singh and B. D. Sapre, Pub:Tata-McGraw Hill

2. Modern Digital and Analog Communication Systems (4thEdition) by B. P. Lathi andZhi Ding, Pub: Oxford University Press


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GUJARAT TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITYInstrumentation and Control Engineering

B. E. SEMESTER: VII

Subject Name: Digital Signals and Systems


Sr.No


1. INTRODUCTION

Signals, System and signal processing, Classification of signals, Concept

of frequency in continuous time and discrete time for sinusoidal signals,

Analog to Digital and digital to analog conversion : Sampling theorem,

Quantization, Coding of Quantized Samples, Analysis of digital signals and

systems versus discrete time signals and systems.

4

2. DISCRETE TIME SIGNALS AND SYSTEMS

Discrete Time Signal: elementary discrete time signals, classification of

discrete time signals, and simple manipulation of discrete time signal;

Discrete Time Systems: input output description of systems, block

diagram representation of discrete time system, classification of discrete

time system, interconnection of discrete time system; Analysis of

Discrete Time Linear Time - Invariant Systems: Techniques for the

analysis of LTI systems, resolution of discrete time signal into impulses,

response of LTI systems to arbitrary inputs (the convolution sum),

properties of convolution and the interconnection of LTI systems, Causal

LTI systems, stability of LTI systems, system with finite duration and

infinite duration impulse response; Discrete time systems described by

difference equation:Recursive and non recursive discrete time systems,

LTI Systems characterized by constant co-efficient difference equation,

Solution of linear constant co-efficient differential equation, impulse

response of LTI recursive system. Implementation of discrete time

systems: Structures for realization of LTI systems, recursive and non-

recursive realization of FIR system; Correlation of Discrete TimeSignals: cross-correlation and auto-correlation sequences, properties of

the autocorrelation and cross-correlation sequences.

7


(E)

Mid Sem

Exam

(Theory)

(M)

Practical

(Internal)

Theory Practical

4 0 0 4 70 0 30 50


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3. Z -TRANSFORM AND ITS APPLICATION TO ANALYSIS OF LTI

SYSTEMS

Direct z-transform and its properties; poles and zeros; pole location and

time domain relation for causal signals; system function of LTI system;

Inverse z-transform: by power series expansion and partial fractionexpansion;

Analysis of Linear Time-Invariant System in the Z-domain:

Response of system with rational transfer function, transient and steady

state response, causality and stability; pole zero cancellations, multiple

order poles and stability, stability of second order system; The One

Sided z Transform: Definition and properties, solution of difference

equations, response of pole zero systems with nonzero initial conditions.

7

4. FREQUENCY ANALYSIS OF SIGNALS:

Frequency Analysis of Continuous Time Signals:The Fourier Series

of continuous time periodic signals, power density spectrum of periodic

signals, The Fourier transform for continuous time aperiodic signals;

Frequency Analysis of Discrete Time Signals:The Fourier series for

discrete time periodic signals, power density spectrum of periodic

signals, the Fourier transform of discrete time aperiodic signals,

convergence of the Fourier transform, energy density spectrum of

aperiodic signals, relationship of the Fourier transform to the z transform,

the cepstrum, the Fourier transform of signals with poles on the unit circle,

frequency domain classification of signals (the concept of bandwidth), the

frequency ranges of some natural signals; Frequency Domain and Time

Domain Signal Properties; Properties of the Fourier Transform for

Discrete Time Signals: symmetry properties of the Fourier transform,

Fourier transform theorems and properties

7

5. FREQUENCY DOMAIN ANALYSIS OF LTI SYSTEMS

Frequency Domain Characteristics of LTI systems:

Response to complex exponential and sinusoidal signals, steady state and

transient response to sinusoidal input signals, steady state response to

periodic input signals, response to aperiodic input signals; Frequency

Response of LTI Systems: frequency response of a system with a

rational system function, computation of the frequency response functions;

Correlation Functions and Spectra at the Output of LTI Systems: input

output correlation functions and spectra, correlation functions and power

spectra for random input signals; LTI as Frequency Selective Filter:Ideal

filter characteristics, low-pass filter, high-pass filter, band-pass filter, digital

resonators, notch filter, comb filter, all-pass filters, digital sinusoidaloscillators; Inverse Systems and Deconvolution: invertibility of LTI

systems, minimum-phase systems, maximum phase systems, mixed-

phase systems, system identification and decobvolution, homomorphic

7


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deconvolution

6. SAMPLING AND RECONSTRUCTION OF SIGNALS

Ideal Sampling and Reconstruciton of Continuous Time Signals;

Discrete Time Processing of Continuous Time Signals; Analog to Digital and Digital to Analog Converters: quantization and

coding, analysis of quantization errors; Sampling and Reconstruction of

Continuous Time Band-pass Signals: first order sampling, interleaved

or non-uniform second order sampling, band-pass signal representation,

sampling using band-pass signal representation; Sampling of Discrete

Time Signals: sampling and interpolation of discrete time signals,

representation and sampling of band-pass discrete time signals;

Oversampling A/D and D/A Converters

7

7. DISCRETE FOURIER TRANSFORM :

ITS PROPERTIES AND APPLICATION

Frequency Domain Sampling (The Discrete Fourier Transform):

frequency domain sampling and reconstruction of discrete time signals,

discrete Fourier transform (DFT), the DFT as a linear transformation,

relationship of the DFT with other transformation; Properties of the DFT:

periodicity, linearity, symmetry, multiplication of two DFTs and circular

convolution, additional DFT properties; Linear Filtering Methods Based on

the DFT: use of DFT in linear filtering, filtering of long data sequence;

Frequency Analysis of Signals Using the DFT; The Discrete Cosine

Transform: forward DCT, Inverse DCT, DCT as an orthogonal transform.

7

8. IMPLEMENTATION OF DISCRETE TIME SYSTEMS

Structures for realization of discrete time systems; Structures for FIR

systems: direct-form structure, cascade-form structures, frequency

sampling structure, lattice structure; Structures for IIR systems: direct form,

signal flow graph and transposed structure, cascade form structure,

parallel form structures, lattice and lattice ladder structure for IIR

systems;

8

Reference Books:

1. Digital Signal Processing: Principles, Algorithms, and Applications by John G.Proakis, Dimitris G. Manolakis; Pearson Publication

2. Discrete Time Signal Processing by Alan V. Oppenheim, Ronald W. Schafer,and John R. Buck; Pearson Publication

3. Digital Signal Processing: A Computer Based Approach by Sanjit K. Mitra;McGraw Hill Publication

4. Digital Signal Processing: A Practical Approach by Emmanuel Ifeachor andBarrie W. Jervis; Pearson Publication


19/27

GUJARAT TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITYB. E. SEMESTER: V

INSTRUMENTATION AND CONTROL ENGINEERING

Subject Name:Sensors and Signal Conditioning


Part A

Sr.

No.Course content

1. Measurement, Instrumentation and Calibration:

Measurement system components; instrumentation introduction; transducer classification;performance characteristics of instruments static and dynamic; Dynamic performance ofsystem (zero order, first order, second order, and higher order); errors in measurement;

calibration and standards

2. Signals and Their Representation:

Classification of signals; Role of Laplace and Fourier Transform in signal representationand analysis; standard test signals; Periodic signals and Aperiodic signals; Bandwidth;Modulated signals; Sampled data; pulse modulation; pulse code modulation;

3. Electrical Measuring Systems:

Measurement of current; measurement of voltage; Measurement of resistance;

Measurement of impedance; Basics of Electronic amplifiers (difference, electrometer,feedback, operational, instrumentation, isolation, charge, power); Measurement of phaseangle; Frequency measurement; Time interval measurement;

4. Passive Electrical Transducers:

Resistive Transducer: Resistive Thermometer; Hot wire resistance transducers;resistive displacement transducers; resistive strain transducers; resistive pressuretransducers; resistive moisture transducers; resistive magnetic flux transducers; resistiveoptical transducers

Inductive Transducers: Inductive thickness transducers; Inductive displacementtransducers; Movable core type inductive transducers; eddy current type inductivetransducers;


(Theory)

(E)

Mid Sem Exam

(Theory)

(M)

Practical

(I)

3 0 2 5 70 30 50


20/27

Capacitive Transducers: Capacitive thickness transducers; Capacitive displacementtransducers; capacitive moisture transducers

5. Active Electrical Transducers:

Piezoelectric Transducers: Piezoelectric phenomenon; piezoelectric materials;piezoelectric force transducers; piezoelectric strain transducers; piezoelectric torquetransducers; piezoelectric pressure transducers; piezoelectric acceleration transducers

Magnestrictive Transducers: Magnetostrictive phenomenon; magnetostrictive forcetransducers; magnetostrictive acceleration transducers; magnetostrictive torsiontransducers

Hall effect Trasnducer: Hall effect phenomenon; application of hall effect in transducers

Electromechanical Transducers: Tachometer; Variable Reluctance tachometers;Electro-dynamic vibration transducers;

Photoelectric Transducers: Photoelectric phenomenon; Photoconductive transducers;Photovoltaic transducers; Photo-emissive transducers

Ionization Transducers: Ionization displacement transducers; nuclear radiationtransducers; radioactive thickness gauge;

Digital Transducers: Digital displacement transducers; digital tachometer; transduceroscillators

Electrochemical Transducers:Basics of electrode potentials; reference electrode;indicator electrode; measurement of pH; measurement of bioelectric signals

Part B

Sr.

No.Course content

1. Signal Processing Circuits:

DC Power supplies:Voltage power supply system components; three terminal voltageregulator; variable three terminal voltage regulators; Constant current sources;

Oscillators and Signal Generators: Wien Bridge Oscillator; Crystal Oscillator; LC tuned circuit oscillator; square wave generator; pulse generator; function generator

High frequency amplifier: tuned RF amplifier; wideband amplifier; high frequency op-amps

Comparators:Window comparator; Schmitt trigger

Active Filters:First order active filters; second order active filters; higher order active filters


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Analog Modulators and demodulators (basic):amplitude modulators and demodulators;frequency modulators and demodulators;

Sampling circuit: sampling system components; sampling circuit; sampling circuitperformance parameters

Voltage to frequency converter:Basic concept; Circuit diagram with op-amp

Analog Multiplexer and De-multiplexer:basic concept;2. Data Display and Recording Systems:

Data loggers; Analog indicators; Digital readout systems alphanumeric devices and CRTreadout; Analog recorders; Magnetic tape recorders; Digital input output devices

Reference Books:

1. Transducers and Instrumentation by D. V. S. Murthy; Prentice Hall India

2. Electrical and Electronics Measurement and Instrumentation by A. K. Sawhney;Dhanpat Rai Pub.

3. Opamps and Linear Integrated Circuits by Ramakant Gaykwad; Pearson Education


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GUJARAT TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITYB. E. SEMESTER: V

INSTRUMENTATION AND CONTROL ENGINEERING

Subject Name: Electronics in IndustriesSubject Code: 151703


(Theory)

(E)

Mid Sem Exam

(Theory)

(M)

Practical

(I)

3 0 2 5 70 30 50

Sr.No.

Course content

1. Power Semiconductor Devices:

Power semiconductor devices introduction Power Diodes:

General Purpose Diode Fast Recovery Diode Schottky Diode Metal Oxide Semiconductor (MOS) Diode

Power Transistor: Power Bipolar Junction Transistor (BJT) Power Metal Oxide Semiconductor Field-effect Transistor (MOSFETs) HEXFET

Thyristors: Shockley Diode Thyristor Light Activated Silicon Controlled Rectifier (LASCR) Silicon Controlled Switch (SCS) Gate Turn-off Thyristor (GTO) Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor (IGBT)

Metal Oxide Controlled Thyristor (MCT) Emitter Turn-off Thyristor (ETO)

Multilayer Devices: Reverse Conducting Thyristor (RCT) DIAC TRIAC BENISTOR

2. Firing, Commutating and Protecting Circuits:

Thyristor Turn-on Methods:

High Voltage Turn-on High Temperature Turn-on Light Turn-on dv/dt Turn-on Gate Turn-on


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Devices Used for Firing Circuits: Unijunction Transistor (UJT) Programmable Unijunction Transistor (PUT) Complementary Unijunction Transistor (CUJT) Silicon Unilateral Switch (SUS) Silicon Bilateral Switch (SBS)

Gate Characteristic of Thyristor Firing Circuits:

Diode-Resistance Firing Circuit Diode-Resistance-Capacitance Firing Circuit UJT Firing Circuit PUT Firing Circuit Synchronized UJT Firing Circuit Pulse Transformer Firing Circuit Diac Firing Circuit Silicon Bilateral Switch Firing Circuit Light Activated Firing Circuit

Thyristor Turn-off Methods: Line Commutation Load Commutation Forced Commutation Gate Turn-off

Commutating Circuits: Voltage Commutation Current Commutation Pulse Commutation Jones Commutation

Protection of Power Semiconductor Devices:

Overvoltage Protection Overcurrent Protection Gate Protection Overtemperature Protection

3. Uncontrolled Rectifiers:

Introduction Half-Wave Rectifier:

Half-Wave Rectifier with Resistive Load Half-Wave Rectifier with Resistive-Inductive Load

Full-Wave Rectifier: Centre-Tapped Full-Wave Rectifier Full-Wave Bridge Rectifier Full-Wave Bridge Rectifier with Resistive-Inductive Load

Three-Phase Rectifiers: Three-Phase Half-Wave Rectifier Three-Phase Centre-Tapped Full-Wave or Six-Phase Half-Wave Rectifier Three-Phase Bridge Rectifier Three-Phase Double-Star Rectifier Three-Phase Twelve-Pulse Full-Wave Bridge Rectifier

4. Controlled Rectifiers:

Introduction


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Half-Wave Controlled Rectifiers: Half-Wave Controlled Rectifier with Resistive Load Half-Wave Controlled Rectifier with Resistive-Inductive Load Half-Wave Controlled Rectifier with Inductive Load and Flywheel Diod

Full-Wave Controlled Rectifiers: Mid-Point Configuration with Resistive Load Full-Wave Controlled Rectifier with Transformer Leakage Reactance and

Load Reactance Full-Wave Controlled Bridge Rectifiers

Dual Converter

Three-Phase Controlled Rectifiers: Three-Phase Half-Wave Controlled Rectifier Six-Phase Half-Wave Controlled Rectifier Three-Phase Fully-Controlled Bridge Rectifier Six-Phase Full-Wave Controlled Bridge Rectifier

Reference Books:

1. Power Electronics and Its Applications by Alok Jain, Penram International (India)Pvt. Ltd.

2. An Introduction to Thyristors and Their Applicationsl M. Ramamoorty; PalgraveMacmillan

3. Thyristors and Their Applications by M. Ramamoorty; East West Press Pvt.4. Thyristors: Theory and Apllication by R. K. Sugandhi and K. K. Sugandhi; New Age

International5. Modern Power Electronics by P. C. Sen; S Cand Group


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MECHANICS OF SOLIDS

Description1. Introduction: Scalar and Vector Quantities, composition and

resolution of vectors, system of units, definition of space, time,particle, rigid body, force.2. Fundamentals of Statics:Principles of statics, coplanar, concurrent

and non-concurrent, parallel and non-parallel forces, composition andresolution of forces, moments & couples - their properties,combination of coplanar couples and forces, equilibrant, equilibrium,free body diagrams, analytical conditions of equilibrium for coplanarforce systems.

3. Truss: Simple determinate plane trusses and analysis for memberforces using methods of joints and methods of sections.

4. Distributed forces, center of gravity and moment of inertia:

Center of gravity of lines, plane areas, volumes and bodies, Pappus Guldinus theorems, moment of inertia, polar moment of inertia &radius of gyration of areas, parallel & perpendicular axes theorems.

5. Friction:Theory of friction, static and sliding friction, laws of friction,angle and coefficient of friction, inclined plane friction, ladder friction,wedges, belt and rope friction.

6. Simple Machines: Velocity ratio, mechanical advantage, efficiency,reversibility of machines, simple machines such as levers, pulley andpulley blocks, wheel and differential axle, Single purchase/doublepurchase crab, compound screw jacks.

7. Physical & Mechanical properties of structural materials:Properties related to axial, bending, and torsional & shear loading,Toughness, hardness, proof stress, factor of safety, working stress,load factor.

8. Simple stresses & strains: Elastic, homogeneous, isotropicmaterials; limits of elasticity and proportionality, yield limit, ultimatestrength, strain hardening, section of composite materials, prismaticand non-prismatic sections.Strains: Linear, shear, lateral, thermal and volumetric, Poissons ratio.Stresses: Normal stresses, axial tensile & compressive, shear andcomplementary shear, thermal and hoop,. Applications to compositematerial stepped & tapered bars.

9. Beam:(a) Types of loads, Types of supports, Types of beams, Supportreactions for statically determinate beams(b) Bending moment and Shear force , Bending moment and shearforce diagrams for statically determinate beams subjected to couples,


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concentrated forces, uniformly distributed loadings, relation betweenbending moment, shear force and rate of loading, point of contra-flexure.

10. Stresses in beams:Theory of simple bending, bending stresses andtheir distribution, moment of resistance, modulus of sections,

distribution of shear stresses in different sections.11. Principal stresses and strains: Compound stresses, analysis ofprincipal planes and principal stresses, principal strains, angle ofobliquity of resultant stress, principal stresses in beams.

BOOKS :1. Engineering Mechanics (Statics) Beer and Johnston2. Applied Mechanics S. B. Junnarkar & H. J. Shah3. Mechanics of Structure Vol. I S. B. Junnarkar & H. J. Shah4. Mechanics of Materials Beer and Johnston.


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Subject Code 131702Subject Name Simulation and Design Tools

After completing this course students should be able to prepare schematic

diagram, simulate electronic circuit, prepare PCB layout for circuits pertaining

to courses on basic electronics and digital logic design using software tools.

As a part of course they have to prepare report containing schematic diagram

print, simulation results, PCB layout print, silk screen print, PCB mask print,

BOM generated by software tool.

subjects related to engineering fundamentals, physics and optics

Documents