strategic planning & place · 2016-09-05 · kiln installation, lifts 55 lighting 57 ......

STRATEGIC PLANNING & PLACE

Construction Guide

WEST SUSSEX COUNTY COUNCIL – Construction Guide

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Construction Guide

INDEX

Building Construction Page Ceiling Finishes, Decorative Finishes 4 External Doors and Windows 5 External Drainage 8 Fencing 9 Guidance Notes for Manual Gates 10 Floor Finishes 12 Foundations 13 General Fixtures, Furnishings and Equipment 13 Glazing

13 Iron Mongery 16

Landscaping 19 Paving 20 Tarmacadam 20 Sanitary Installations 22 Staircases 23

Mechanical Engineering Access to Services and Equipment 24 Boilers 25 Building Log Books 26 Design Supplement M/001 ventilation in classrooms

27 Design Supplement M/004 O&M manuals mechanical

27 Design Supplement M/005 testing and commissioning

29 Ductwork, Energy and Water Consumption 29 Gas Installation & Heating 30 Maintenance – Thinking About, Maintenance Manuals and Record Drawings,

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Electrical Engineering Solar Panels and Photo voltaic panels

34 Cables Installed Underground 34 Class changer sounder systems 34 Design Supplement E/001 underground electrical services

35 Design Supplement E/002 classroom lighting

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Design Supplement E/003 fire alarm systems in schools

38 Design Supplement E/004 emergency lighting 40 Design Supplement E/005 lighting external 41 Design Supplement E/006 lightning protection 42 Design Supplement E/007 ICT/DATA

43 Design Supplement E/008 electrical services in laboratories

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Design Supplement E/010 electrical switchboard and distribution 45 Design Supplement E/011 O&M manuals electrical

47 Design Supplement E/013 lifts

49 Design Supplement E/014 disabled WC alarms 51

Design Supplement E/015 powered gates and barriers

51 Design Supplement E/016 emergency switching systems

52 Intercom Systems E/018 intercom systems

53 Design Supplement E/019 access control systems

53 Design Supplement E/024 security systems

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Design Supplement E/025 Maintenance thinking about

54 Final Circuits, Fire Alarms, ICTS 54

Kiln Installation, Lifts 55 Lighting 57

Master Switching, Nurse Call Systems 58 Power Distribution, Public Address Systems, Security Systems 59 CCTV systems, Intercom systems, Access control systems

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Utility Supplies, Work Installation 60


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Building Construction

Ceiling Finishes SUSPENDED

Typically a 600 x 600 exposed grid with an approved tile. Where a higher acoustic value is required (e.g. fair face block wall situations), a specification to suit the designed function will be required. Some tiles will not be suitable in areas of high humidity, again a specification to suit the designed use of the area will be required. Where ceilings abut fair face block walls it is advisable to provide a shadow margin to compensate for any alignment problems. All panels to be clipped, except access panels which are to be clearly marked indicating electrical/mechanical fittings above. Trap hatches to be provided for inspection access into all parts of the roof space. All access hatches are to be large enough to accommodate a man and ladder. Where access is required for the maintenance of equipment in the roof space a suitably substantial pull down ladder is to be provided with sufficient boarded walkways, platforms, and guardrails.

PLASTERBOARD/FR BOARD Where plasterboard/FR board ceilings are provided the preference is for them to be skimmed as any subsequent making good can be matched. Specialist finishes may be used in certain circumstances with our prior approval. Issue Date: September 2004 Issue No: 02

Decorative Finishes INTERNALLY

To the surfaces listed, the following processes have been found to give satisfactory opacity and finish. Use only low odour paints, in occupied areas.

a. Ceilings – (New and Existing) Plasterboard, plasterboard and set, rendered/plastered and set. - Mist coat and two full coats of approved Trade Matt Emulsion. b. Walls – New fair face concrete blocks and plastered surfaces. Vinyl silk emulsion or eggshell finish should be applied to plastered walls or fair face blocked walls except in lavatories or kitchens where inexpensive tiling should be used. Paint finish needs to be washable in all corridors and in other high wear areas. c. Painted Wood and Metalwork K.P.S, One coat of primer to suit substrate, prior to fixing followed by one Trade undercoat and one/two Trade High Gloss. d. Stained Woodwork


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Use approved wood stain system applied according to manufacturer's instructions. A sealed surface will be required. e. Copper Heating and Cold Supply Pipework One thinned coat and two full coats of Trade High Gloss.

EXTERNALLY a. Lead Paint Health Warning and Procedure for Removal When specifying paintwork make sure that the paint specified is lead free. In the case of buildings where old lead based paint films may be present, suitable clauses dealing with workmanship must be included in the preamble or specification. Sound old paintwork is best left untouched and painted over as necessary with lead free paint. The specification must make it clear that when stripping old paint, power sanders, blow lamps and hot air paint strippers must not be used. Old paint should be removed using chemical paint strippers and be rubbed down wet with waterproof abrasive paper. Old paint film is to be caught on dust sheets and deposited in plastic bags, sealed and removed from the site by the contractor. At the end of each day the contractor must thoroughly clean up the area with an industrial vacuum cleaner wherever necessary. Playgrounds and footpaths must be hosed down and left in a clean condition. Paint for the marking of pitches on hard-play areas, also car parking lines, must be lead free line marking paint.

b. Painted Wood and Metalwork – (New and Existing) Trade exterior gloss system, comprising filler, preservative primer, flexible undercoat and gloss.

c. Stained Wood – (New and Existing) Use an approved wood stain system applied according to manufacturer's instructions. A sealed surface will be required.

d. Masonry Painted Surfaces – (New and Existing) A Smooth/Textured Masonry paint or other matt/smooth/high build/fine build system, applied according to manufacturer’s instructions.

Issue Date: September 2004 Issue No: 02

External Doors and Windows GENERALLY – WOOD AND METAL System Performance:-

Air Permeability – The system must meet the requirements of Test Pressure Class 600Pa given in BS6375:Part 1 when tested to BS EN 1026:2000. Watertightness – The system must meet the requirements of Test Pressure Class 600Pa given in BS6375:Part 1 when tested to BS EN 1027:2000. Wind Resistance – The system must meet the requirements of Clause 7 of BS6375:Part 1 at an applied air pressure of 2400Pa when tested to BS


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EN 12211:2000.

PVCU WINDOWS AND DOORS MUST NOT BE USED. WOOD – can only be used with the Authorities’ express approval. Generally where softwood is specified the wood is to conform to class 1 BS EN 942:2007, i.e. Clear Douglas Fir pressure treated with preservative. Timber to be based on a performance specification. They are normally either fully factory finished, have a final coat of stain applied on site, or receive an oil-based paint finish subsequent to factory priming. Sections are typically specified for 57mm thick timber double-glazing, including drained rebates. All sills to be designed for high exposure rating. Traditional galvanised water bar set flush with finished floor for an outward opening door situation and with 12 to 15mm rebate is preferred. Ideally the bar would be set into a precast concrete sill unit for ease of on-site installation.

METAL

Aluminum To have a thermally broken aluminium framed assembly, a ventilated and drained glazing system to BS6262 and be polyester powder coated to BS6496. Aluminium doors to be based on a performance specification. They are fully factory finished. Doors that are to be fixed in prepared openings must be secured with stainless steel fixings appropriate to the door system.

Steel Must be hot dip galvanised – zinc spray is not adequate. They are typically fixed direct into preformed openings and are factory finished in a polyester powder coating.

FIXINGS Doors and sub frames, which are built in, must be screwed with fish-tailed stainless steel frame ties as the work proceeds. Doors which are to be fixed in prepared openings must be secured with stainless steel fixings appropriate to the door system. Galvanised fixings are considered to be a poor second best.

EXTERNAL DOOR RESTRAINTS

In order to prevent accidents caused by unrestrained external doors, appropriate external doors restraints should be used for all external doors on exposed elevations of the building where there is a risk of doors being caught in the wind and possibly causing personal injury. Fitting External Door Restraints provides impact/collision protection for outwards opening doors on public buildings. It also ensures compliance with current health and safety guidelines as defined in Building Regulations. External Door Restraints have other benefits such as reducing damage to doors opened forcefully or caught by the wind. A fitted hook and rubber stopper also enables doors to be held open when needed. Specification: U shaped steel tube construction, with mounting shroud for rubber stop/holdback unit. Finished in galvanised polyester powder coating and designed to be concreted into ground at a depth of 300mm.


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IRONMONGERY See Section 18 – Element - Ironmongery. BS 8300:2009 – Design of Buildings and their Approaches to meet the Needs of Disabled People. BS 9999:2008 - Code of practice for fire safety in the design, management and use of buildings. Educational Buildings are covered by the ‘Special Education Needs and Disability Act 2001’ (SENDA) All access to buildings must have due regard to the provisions of the Disability Discrimination Act 1995. Issue Date: June 2010 Issue No: 03


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External Drainage DRAINAGE IN GENERAL When designing a drainage installation always keep it simple. Pipes for foul and surface water drainage should be clay with flexible joints. PVCU pipes and fittings for surface water may be considered on a project to project basis to speed installation. The impact of any surface water scheme upon the environment must be assessed at an early stage. When designing drainage runs, avoid placing them under paved areas as much as possible. It is much easier and cheaper to excavate to clear blockages in grass or planted areas. There are economies in running surface water and foul drains in the same trench using inspection chambers with party walls. Avoid inspection chamber covers in paved areas whenever possible. Rodding Point systems will be considered on a job to job basis. The designer must involve us before specifying such systems.

FOUL DRAINS As far as possible, avoid routing drainage runs underneath the building. Try and position lavatories and changing rooms so that drainage can be collected to external manholes by the shortest most direct routes. If you cannot avoid internal inspection chambers, you must use double-seal filled tray pattern inspection chamber covers. Position such inspection chambers in lavatories or changing rooms or in bathrooms in Residential Homes.

Wastes from sinks and lavatory basins, etc. should be led to back-inlet gulleys with cover plates secured with machine screws. Discharge is to be by gravity whenever possible, but where this cannot be achieved then a pumping station will have to be used. For small volume flows a single pump is acceptable, but duplicate pumps must be provided for campus pumping stations, which must have a high level/failure alarms with flashing lights which are annunciated in reception areas.

SURFACE WATER DRAINAGE Keep surface water drains outside the building whenever possible. All rain-water pipes should be accessible at their feet and the solution should provide reasonable access for clearing blockages. Traps on rain-water drainage systems are a hindrance and should be avoided. Small trapped gullies of the ‘yard’ type are not suitable in any location for the collection of surface water. They have very limited capacity for the interception of silt before the water flow through the trap becomes restricted. In pedestrian areas a gully designed for silt collection needs to be specified, with a removable silt/filter bucket. In car parking and access road areas a larger road gully should be specified. EXTERNAL MANHOLE AND CATCHPIT INSPECTION

You need to ensure drain access covers are kept secure from ingress by children. The use of Light gauge galvanized mild steel manhole covers with integral handles and Light weight cast iron with handles are not to be used. Lightweight manhole covers are susceptible to buckling and distortion. You are to specify medium weight/duty galvanized MS or CIcovers employing lifting keys in areas of pedestrian traffic and cast iron/ductile covers, of loading appropriate for the location, in areas of vehicular traffic.


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All pedestrian area gully gratings on school sites are to be of the hinged locking pattern, preferably in galvanized cast iron or galvanized mild steel (the cast alloy are easily broken). Road gully type gratings to be of appropriate dimensions and loading for location.

Fencing GENERAL There are numerous styles of fence used and found on our sites, but only the more common ones will be mentioned here. They are chainlink, post and rail, close boarded, palisade and weldmesh security. When specifying the height of fencing, thought should be given to whether Planning Consent will be required. Barbed wire must never be used on our sites. Care must be taken with the selection of sawn timber on sites involving children, to avoid harmful splinters.

CHAINLINK Available in two finishes, galvanised and plastic coated, and supported by either angle/’T’ irons or concrete posts. This type of fencing is commonly found around the perimeter of educational sites, hard play areas, tennis courts, etc. Generally kicker rails to be provided to the two latter mentioned locations.

a. Galvanised Chainlink To be to Table 1 of BS1722 Part 1 2006. Minimum gauge 3.00mm, but preferably 3.55mm should be used on 3.15mm galvanised high tensile line wires. Stirrups to be 3mm galvanised mild steel. All fittings and fixings to be galvanised. Chainlink to be hung off top line wire by every third link and secured to intermediate and bottom line wires by hog-rings – tying wire is not to be used.

b. Plastic Coated Chainlink Only the type of plastic coated chainlink which has a galvanised wire core is acceptable, and where the core wire has a minimum diameter of 3.00mm. Mild steel line wires to have a galvanised core size of 3.55. Stirrups with galvanised core 3mm MS. All fittings and fixings to be galvanised. Chainlink to be fixed as for galvanised finish in (a) above.

c. Concrete Posts and Struts To be to Table 3 of BS1722 Part 1 2006. Posts to be at 3m maximum centres.

d. Steel Angles and Ts To be to BS1722 Part 1 2006, BS EN 10056-1:1999 and other current British Standards relevent to the specifications for weldable structural steels. All steelwork to be hot dip galvanised after manufacture. Posts to be at a maximum of 3m centres.

e. Gates To be constructed to match the fence line in which they appear. Steelwork to be hot dip galvanised after manufacture.

POST AND RAIL The two most common types are oak morticed posts with oak or chestnut cleft rails, or posts (morticed or unmorticed) with sawn rails, both in oak or pressure treated softwood. The above types generally have 2/3 horizontal rails. Sawn rail fencing may


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be overlaid with chainlink or weldmesh to contain smaller children.

CLOSE BOARDED To be found on many non education sites and used in any location where privacy is required. In some locations we may have a legal obligation to erect and maintain such a fence. Supporting posts may be in timber (oak/treated softwood) or in concrete. Concrete posts generally have concrete gravel boards. Arris rails, pales and other members may be in oak or treated softwood. Oak arris rails are to be cut from a 75 x 75mm section and softwood are to be cut from an 87 x 87mm section. All close boarded fencing to have gravel boards, counter rails and cappings. Posts to be at a maximum of 3m centres.

PALISADE Generally used to enclose Early Learning Year play areas, are usually in pressure treated softwood free from splinters, 1M high with 100 x 100mm softwood posts at 2M centres which are 0.5M into ground and surrounded in concrete. Arris rails are cut from a 75 x 75mm section and pales are 75 x 25mm with semi-circular tops.

SECURITY County Planners consider galvanised steel palisade fencing in almost all circumstances unacceptable on most of our sites. It is more appropriate for industrial premises. Some types of mesh fencing, especially those that have an ‘industrial’ appearance (weldmesh) may be considered inappropriate on publicly visible boundaries such as front ones and those facing residential properties. The first consideration should be given to colour coated bow top, traditional vertical bar or similar railings where there are no footholds and narrower distances between the vertical bars. Where a mesh fence is considered acceptable then it should be colour coated. Green colour coating is generally acceptable for fencing surrounding playing fields and for a darker colour against buildings. Planning consent may be required if the height of an existing fence is to be increased or there is no fence there at present. TIMBER NURSERY & RECEPTION FENCES

All timber fences to nursery and reception classes should be PAR (planed all round) finish to prevent the risk of splinters.

FOOTPATH BARRIERS There should be 0.5-m clearance between the kerb face and any street furniture positioned in the footway unless this restricts the remaining available footway to less than 1.2m (DB32). Issue Date: June 2010 Issue No: 03

Guidance Notes for manual gates.

1. All manual gate installations should comply with ROSPA Guidance information sheet 11 – Pedestrian Gates and access to play and wheeled sports areas. ROSPA Guidance website link - http://www.rospa.com/leisuresafety/adviceandinformation/playsafety/gates-playareas.aspx

http://www.rospa.com/leisuresafety/adviceandinformation/playsafety/gates-playareas.aspx

http://www.rospa.com/leisuresafety/adviceandinformation/playsafety/gates-playareas.aspx


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2. No gate installation should allow any encroachment by the opening gate onto the public highway or outside of the campus.

3. Where the gate is to be located close to a boundary, the gate and posts should be set back within the site sufficiently to avoid any encroachment by the opening gate onto the public highway or outside of the campus.

4. There should be no finger traps, hand traps or shear points. This means that there should be a minimum gap of 12mm between the gate and the posts etc, both sides of the gate. This minimum gap should be maintained throughout the full range of movement of the gate throughout its full arc.

5. On existing gates it may only be possible to do this by providing a stop plate 6. There should be a minimum clearance of 60mm below gates to reduce risk of

foot injury. 7. There should be a maximum clearance of 110mm below gates to reduce risk of

entrapment. 8. Where a gate provides direct access onto the highway, or where there is vehicle

movement, a physical barrier should be provided outside to prevent pedestrians from walking straight into the vehicle movement area.

9. Gate latches if present should be able to be operated from both sides of the gate and any catch should ideally not project more than 25mm. Any projecting bars for catches should ideally be mushroomed at the end (These are normally at eye height for a small child)

Guidance for powered gates.

HSE Information and Guidance for powered gates

http://www.hse.gov.uk/work-equipment-machinery/powered-gates/introduction.htm?eban=govdel-equipment-at-work&cr=04-Jun-2015


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Floor Finishes GENERAL We have preferred floor manufacturers and suppliers, particularly in Educational buildings.

VINYL SHEET The current specification for vinyl sheet with a specific non-slip characteristic is 2.5mm and 3.5mm, thick sheet vinyl, as appropriate for location and use, laid in approved adhesive, with hot welded seams. Coved skirtings are required in areas where hygiene control is a requirement (toilets and changing areas). CARPET TILING The current specification is for 500 x 500mm carpet tiles fully laid on a release bond adhesive. In areas where a softer carpet finish is required, e.g. reception classrooms, certain areas in special schools etc., approved tufted cut pile carpet tiles may be used.

BARRIER MATTING An adequate area needs to be covered so that the barrier mat can be effective. The ‘dirt arrester’ area should extend 4-5m into the building in order to prevent dirt being carried into the school.

SPECIALIST FLOORS To be installed and sealed in strict accordance with manufacturer's recommendations. The floor slab may need to be finished 20mm below finished floor level to accommodate an unsuspended floor system. LINOLEUM PRODUCTS If specified will need to be laid strictly in accordance with the manufacturers instructions using manufacturer recommended adhesive and all in accordance with BS8203:2001.


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Foundations GENERAL The design of foundations will vary dependent upon the nature of the site and the soils investigation, and will be reliant upon the advice received from the structural engineer. A site survey should include the location of existing services and their position relevant to any new structure. The results of any ground radar survey are to be recorded on the layout plans. A general specification for preliminary surveys on our sites is available to appointed Consultants.

General Fixtures, Furnishings and Equipment – See BCD20

Glazing GLASS IN GENERAL This guide deals with the use of safety glass, fire-resisting glass and obscure glass in new and existing buildings. When specifying glass, regard must be paid to the relevant codes of practice and manufacturers’ recommendations. Particular attention must be given to CP 152 and amendment 2102, which classifies the use of glass in risk areas and also Approved Document N Building Regs. The minimum thickness of glass to be used in glazing must not be less than 6mm. When remodelling or refurbishing a building/area, consideration must be given to the upgrading of the existing glazing to conform to the Building Regulations and the Workplace (Health, Safety & Welfare) Regulations.

SAFETY GLASS Various types of safety glass are covered in the various parts to BS 6262, but we are interested in only two, namely, heat treated safety glass, also known as toughened or tempered safety glass, and laminated safety glass which consists of two sheets of glass stuck to a central sheet of plastic. Toughened glass is less likely to break under impact and can be detected by wearing Polaroid spectacles. The advantage with toughened glass is that when it is fractured it disintegrates into small comparatively harmless pieces. However, each pane has to be cut to size and then toughened and unfortunately about one week is required for manufacture and delivery. On the other hand, laminated glass can be cut to size locally and delivered from stock. Laminated glass is preferred which accords with ‘Secure by Design’ and should be used in all new works, extensions and, as far as rebate depths will allow, in reglazing contracts. Toughened glass should not be used at high level and this includes roof lights, where falling glass could cause injury. There have been instances of toughened glass remaining in large granulated pieces and in such locations laminated glass must be used, or polycarbonate sheets in the case of low-level overhead glazing with our agreement. In the case of breakages in existing buildings, laminated glass may be used to replace toughened glass in any location, providing it bears a permanent etched inscription so that it may be checked when fixed in position. Safety glass must always be used both inside the building and in external walls in the following locations, unless the fire officer specifically asks for fire resisting glass:-

• All glazing in doors and glazing alongside and above doors.

• All glazing below 800mm.

• All glazing in gymnasia, halls and other areas where physical education is likely


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to take place.

• Glazing in walls where a particular hazard exists. Laminated glass must always be used for glazing in windows and doors to any room where floor or wall safes are fitted or where high security is required. All safety glass should be marked with a registered safety glazing mark. Toughened glass manufactured to its final size can be marked in the factory, but careful checking is required for laminated glass which is often cut to size by local glaziers who cut off the manufacturer’s mark and do not re-mark smaller panes as they do not have their own registered mark.

FIRE RESISTING GLASS In certain locations glass must be fire resisting and the fire officer’s advice must take precedence over the foregoing rules for safety glass. BRE Digest 155 and WFP/40 together with PD6512: Part 3 1987 explain the use of fire resisting glass. NOTE: Ordinary Georgian Wired glass is not a safety glass and the wire is there to hold the glass together should it shatter when subjected to heat. The wire does not prevent dangerous splinters flying and it should only be used when fire-resisting glazing is essential In locations where both fire resisting and safety glass is required the glazing should be of Georgian Safety Wired Glass. This product is similar to ordinary Georgian wired glass, but has a specially developed thicker wire mesh which allows it to perform in both situations. All glass is a major weakness in any barrier to fire, heat or smoke and for this reason it should be avoided whenever possible. However, if vision panels in fire-resisting doors are required they should be of 6mm safety wired glass in a pane size not exceeding .065m². In existing buildings certain internal doors and screens are required to be fire resisting and are glazed with Georgian wired glass. In the event of breakage, it is essential to re-glaze with Georgian safety wired glass.

TRANSLUCENT GLAZING Translucent glasses transmit light with varying diffusion giving partial obscuration. Whilst many patterns are available, it is important that the type specified is readily available for replacement, is available in safety glass form, gives good obscuration when the interior of the building is lit, is easy to clean and install. The glass that best suits these requirements is white laminate and this should be used in all locations where visual privacy is required.

DOUBLE GLAZING This is now standard for all our projects unless otherwise briefed. Invariably the window manufacturer’s assembly line is set up for double glazed units and single glazing becomes a ‘special’ at no reduction in cost. The benefits of double glazing are:-

• Increases energy conservation.

• Increases security.

• Reduces condensation and damage to adjacent surfaces.

• Increases sound insulation.

The use of double-glazing should be incorporated into thermally broken, drained and


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ventilated frames. Units to have a 6.4mm laminated outer leaf, a 16mm Argon gas filled cavity with 6.4mm laminated Pilkington K glass, or approved substitute, as the inner leaf. The laminated outer leaf is to conform to ‘Secure by Design’ advice. If finance dictates then the inner leaf may be substituted for 6mm toughened Pilkington K glass or equal substitute, except for high level glazing and roof lights where laminated must be used for both leaves. Replacement double glazed units can now be provided within 24 hours. All tempered (ie toughened) or laminated glass must be marked in accordance with the latest British Standard (BS6206). Reference should be made to Building Regulations Part F regarding trickle vent requirements. GUARDING AND MANIFESTATION Guarding can be used as an alternative to safety glass giving protection to the glazed area by a screen or railing which does not allow a sphere of 75mm dia. to pass through and touch the glass. The guarding should also be robust and difficult to climb.

Manifestation is a term used for denoting large areas of glazing where there is risk of people accidentally walking into the glazing. Manifestation can be met in many ways, for example by the use of stick-on coloured lines, logos or patterns. Etched patterns are the preferred solution. Reference should be made to the relevant BS and Regulations for details.

TRIPLE GLAZING Currently being evaluated. Issue Date: June 2010 Issue No: 03


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Iron Mongery GENERAL Ironmongery is currently being specified under a performance specification.

DOOR FURNITURE Satin aluminium alloy typically used internally, and stainless used externally where atmosphere is likely to be corrosive. Lever furniture with safety pattern handles and back plate extending beyond lock mortice preferred. On classroom doors, the classroom function must ensure that someone inside a room cannot lock anybody out but can always escape in an emergency. ROOM NUMBER DISCS

On all new school and other County buildings and significant extensions it is a WSCC asset management requirement to provide small numbered discs at the top right hand corner of the architrave of the main door for each space.

The discs to be :

• 25mm Diameter • 1 No screw hole • Black engraved numerals

The numbers to concide with the designer’s room numbering strategy. FINGER GUARDS

Due to the vulnerability of young children and the potential severity and extent of any injuries they could sustain, the minimum standard required by WSCC is that in all Foundation, Nursery, Key Stage One, Key Stage Two and Special schools, the risk of finger trapping should be designed out by the designer at the planning stage. Where finger trapping cannot be designed out, finger guards should be fitted.

Particular attention should be given to doors in new classrooms or major classroom refurbishments and doors that are known to be high risk such as doors susceptible to being slammed shut by strong winds, doors where pupils congregate, toilet entrance doors and toilet cubicle doors.

For other schools, the designer should consult with the client and decisions regarding finger guarding should be guided by the designer’s risk assessment.

Where older children are involved finger guarding is not mandatory, however the risk of finger trapping should still be considered as this hazard is known to occur to pupils across all age groups.

Soft finger guards (including Cloth roller-type and flexible rubberized type finger guards).

Cloth roller-type finger guards have been installed in a number of recent new builds and school refurbishment projects.


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These units are of robust construction, require little maintenance and have a good record of longevity in use, but if a child deliberately pushes their fingers into the material and the door is rapidly closed, then their fingers could become trapped and injured. It is therefore recommended that these units should only be installed on doors that are also fitted with door closers, to ensure the door closes sufficiently slowly for the guard mechanism to retract and for the person to recognise the danger and remove their hand. All of the above applies to flexible rubberized type finger guards as well.

Solid plastic finger guards

Finger guards incorporating solid plastic barriers do not have the same potential for misuse as cloth or rubberised finger guards but they can be prone to damage from trolleys etc, as they protrude 30 - 40mm from the door frame. The bottoms of these units also suffer from stress cracks if they continuously rub across the floor, and this can lead to premature failure. This can be prevented by fixing the plastic guard so that there is a small gap between the bottom of the guard and the floor.

Risk assessment

The designer should take this information into account when undertaking his/her finger trapping risk assessment, in order to decide which type of guard is most suitable for the school and its pupils.

Conclusion

Ensure that whatever type of device you decide to fit, it is installed in accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions.

The completed finger guard installation should not provide any opportunity for finger traps, hand traps or shear points.

It should be noted that not all types of doors will accommodate such devices, and some finger guards appear to be more suited to school use than others, therefore it may be necessary to seek specialist advice to enable designers to assess and decide the most appropriate solution themselves.

The finger guards section of the Construction Guide takes precedent over any other briefing document about finger guards such as General Policy Brief.

WINDOW FURNITURE Ironmongery and furniture to windows by chosen manufacturer. (To performance specification.) Window furniture must be robust. Casement fasteners to ground floor windows to have security locking devices. Peg stays should be avoided. Window gear for high level windows in controlled areas, to be of an approved type. LOOPED BLIND CORDS

Window blind cords and chains can pose a risk to young children who could injure or even strangle themselves on the hanging looped cords. According to The Royal Society for the Prevention of Accidents, on average two children are strangled by blind cords in the UK each year.


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New products on the market should comply with a revised safety standard which aims to significantly reduce the risk of strangulation. When choosing new blinds for homes or places where children live or visit, the advice is to look for a blind that does not contain cords or has concealed cords.

Where children still come into contact with older products which do not comply with the standard, it is possible to retro-fit one of the available safety devices. Being aware of the hazards and how children can be protected by taking appropriate precautions is essential to reducing the risk looped blind cords pose.

Advice to suppliers and manufacturers The Standard BS EN 13120:2009 (Internal Blinds – Performance Requirements Including Safety) gives guidance to businesses in manufacturing and supplying products which are safe for consumer use. Clause 8.2 of the Standard deals with the risk of strangulation. The steps it requires are:

1. The attachment of a warning note to the product.

2. The provision of a device to keep cords and chains or similar out of reach of children (with instructions for its proper use).

3. Where the product requires a looped operating mechanism, the manufacturer must provide a means to limit the risk by incorporating it into the design or by an appropriate device supplied with the product.

8.2 goes on to say: Complete elimination of the strangulation risk can only be achieved by keeping cords, chains, tapes and similar out of the reach of children. Use of additional safety devices may reduce the risk of strangulation but cannot be considered foolproof. Motorisation eliminates the risk associated with looped and pull-cord operating mechanisms but the risk relating to inner tapes and cords (for relevant products) remains. Persons in charge of children are ultimately responsible for following the safety instructions provided by the manufacturer. We recommend that manufacturers design to the Standard and suppliers sell products complying with this Standard.

CLOAKROOM FITTINGS Aluminium hat and coat hooks are easily broken and the screw fixings are inadequate for use in school buildings and other buildings where rough usage is expected. They should only be used in staff rooms and residential homes where heavy use is unlikely. In school cloak and changing rooms and other buildings where tough usage is probable, use proprietary hooks and support systems of hard plastic-coated welded steel supplied by approved manufacturers. Issue Date: June 2010 Issue No: 03


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Landscaping INTRODUCTION Landscape works particularly those dealing with grading, soil handling, cultivation, seeding and planting, have exacting requirements. Unlike normal building works using inert bricks, blocks and steel, landscape works use living materials entirely dependent upon season and day to day climate conditions. It is for these reasons that expert advice should be sought from a landscaping professional at the earliest opportunity in the development of a project, preferably at feasibility stage. This will ensure that the greatest use is made of each season during the course of the building works and especially relevant where a new playing field has to be constructed. HORTICULTURAL SUPPLIES Suppliers of horticultural products:- a) Shall obtain peat from non-English sites and only from renewable sources. b) Shall operate an irrigation system (where applicable) which maximizes the use of rainwater runoff. c) Shall recycle compost and growing pots. d) Shall bulk up peat based composts where appropriate with suitable non-peat material. e) Are actively investigating cultural methods of pest control for the protection of their nursery stock.

TOPSOIL HANDLING More often than not topsoil remains the single most important landscape resource. Steps to ensure its conservation should include: a) Soil analysis. b) Good stripping, storage and placement practice. c) Measures to maintain or improve soil quality.

GRASS - SEEDING AND TURFING a) Seeding - when programming for adoption or handover of grassed areas sufficient time should be allowed for soil conditions to recover and good sward development to occur. This particularly applies to sports pitches or any areas of heavy intended use. A grassed area will not be ready for play until the root system develops sufficiently to bind and anchor the soil, which will normally take up to a year or so. b) Turfing - more rapid establishment can be achieved through turfing (within six months in certain situations) but is at least six times the price of seeding. c) Maintenance including cutting and watering must be considered as part of the seeding or turfing operation.

PLANTING OF TREES AND SHRUBS a) Time for planting - best month for planting bare rootstock is November but can be put in from November to March subject to soil conditions. Container grown material ideally should be planted during the same period, as this will reduce aftercare visits for watering and weeding. Use natural species wherever possible. b) Staking - small trees in protected areas to have single stake and one tie. Small trees in more vandal prone areas to have single stake and two ties. Large trees, over 3m to have two stakes with a cross bar and tie. All trees in grassed areas to have their trunks protected by strimmer proof guards. c) Poisonous Plants - may vary from those which are lethal in very small quantities to those which are only mildly toxic. The latter include many common garden and wayside plants, without which the choice of plants would be very limited. Plants also


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vary greatly in their attractiveness to children, berries being the most likely to be eaten, although some plants cause rashes when touched. Plants should be selected to avoid those, which are likely to cause ill effects, using professional advice in the choice of species and refer to the WSCC General Policy Brief.

Paving EDGINGS AND KERBS Traditional PC concrete edgings (900 x 150 x 50mm) and road kerbs (900 x 250 x 125 to 100mm) to be of the hydraulically pressed variety and set on and haunched with concrete.

SETT AND BLOCK PAVING Concrete and clay sett and block paving to be laid in accordance with chosen manufacturers instructions.

DRAINAGE CHANNELS Safety kerb and preformed drainage channels are not encouraged and the design of hard paved areas is to be such as far as is practical to avoid the use of these types of product. The reason for their dislike is the fact that maintenance (cleaning) is very time consuming and is rarely carried out. If a channel system is required then 250 x 125mm dished concrete channels are more acceptable, in an appropriate location, as they can readily be brushed out when required by the premises officer.

CONCRETE In-situ concrete to be on an appropriately prepared base, reinforced (if necessary) and of sufficient mix strength and thickness to suit the location and traffic loading. In all situations due attention is to be given to bay sizes and expansion joints. Edges to be radius trowelled and brushed finish applied.

SLABS 600 x 600mm P.C.C. slabs are to be hydraulically pressed, to have a non-slip finish and to be minimum 50mm thick. They are to be laid on a minimum of 75mm lean-mix concrete, fully bedded in 25mm of 1:6 cement mortar with 10mm joints which are to be pointed full depth with a 1:3 mortar and finished with a ‘bucket’ handle or ‘struck’ joint.

TARMACADAM a. Geotextile Membrane To be provided where ground conditions dictate.

b. Granular Fill To be minimum DoT Type 2 specification, of thickness to suit ground and traffic loadings and compacted in 150mm layers. Recycled materials to be given preference.

c. Coated Macadam To be to BS EN 13108. Where possible to be machine laid.

d. Line Marking To be in lead free paint and preferably carried out with thermoplastic paint to give a long life.


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Typical Specifications:-

1. Road/Car Parks

Sub Base – DoT Type 2, 300-150mm on clay, 150-75mm on loam, 75mm on gravel.

Road Base – 40mm dense road base, 85mm thickness

Base Course – 20 mm dense base course, 40mm thickness

Wearing Course – 10mm dense graded granite wearing course, 25mm thickness.

2. Hard Play Areas

Sub Base – DoT Type 2, 75mm thickness on clay only.

Road Base – 28mm dense road base, 150mm thickness.

Base Course – 20mm dense base course, 40mm thickness.

Wearing Course – either 6mm medium graded limestone wearing course, 20mm thickness or 6mm dense limestone wearing course, 20mm thickness.

3. Footpaths

Tack Coat of bituminous emulsion applied at the rate of 0.3 to 0.5L/M2

Wearing Course for footpaths and heard play areas – 6mm medium graded limestone wearing course, 20mm thickness.

Issue Date: June 2010 Issue No: 03


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MAINTENANCE AND/OR CLEANING OF ROOF-MOUNTED ENGINEERING, ROOFLIGHTS, HIGH LEVEL GLAZING AND VENTILATORS. You must specifically consider the implications of the future maintenance and cleaning of roof-mounted engineering, rooflights, high level glazing and associated fittings. It is required that provision for safe access, walkways and working platforms will be designed in at the earliest stage of the project. Issue Date: June 2010 Issue No: 03

Sanitary Installations WC PANS AND CISTERNS WC pans in all buildings, including primary schools containing Early Learning Years classes, are to be standardised at a height of 400mm. The exceptions are pans in nursery units where they are to be 350mm, and for the disabled where a seat height of 450mm is to be maintained. Whenever WC pans are replaced in primary schools, the standard size pan should be fitted. WC pans without rims must not be used in any circumstances. Generally white vitreous china is used, but stainless steel might need to be considered in certain environments. In areas where there is a likelihood of vandalism, low-level cisterns must be boxed in with a laminate finish. Whenever possible overflows are to discharge externally and cisterns to have a 7.5L capacity. WC pans are generally wall hung with a ‘P’ trap.

URINALS Generally wall hung stainless steel trough to specified length. Adequate sized waste (50mm) and access points required to aid future maintenance. Manufacturers cleaning instructions are to be provided to the Caretaker/Premises Officer upon completion of the installation/project.

CLEANERS SINK To be in fireclay with hardwood pad insert on top the front edge with a galvanized or stainless steel hinged bucket rest.

CLASSROOM SINKS Generally single bowl, single drainer stainless steel.

BASINS Vitreous china size 400 x 300mm, wall fixed, for hand washing. For secondary education and adult use, a centre leg is advisable to give additional support. For uses beyond hand washing, a basin of slightly larger dimensions will be required (550 x 400mm) which, in most situations, will require two supporting legs.

DRINKING FOUNTAINS The design of the drinking fountain to be such as to prevent mouth contact with the water delivery nozzle; the use of swan-necks enables bottles to be filled up. The sitting of fountains is important. They should be in a protected location where the user is unlikely to be accidentally knocked. A suitable recess in a corridor avoids a projection, and forms an area that can be separately provided with a non-slip floor covering. Fountains are to be provided with a shut off valve. They should not be sited either externally or in toilet areas.


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TAPS Self closing taps are the preferred solution in schools or public area in the interest of water conservation. Sink taps to be of the high neck pillar type. Basin taps to be of the pillar type. First aid/medical room sinks to be provided with a mixer tap. Other taps generally to be chromium plated ceramic disc on all brass construction, including the head, which is to be of the capstan pattern. Acrylic head taps are to be avoided. Where taps are to be installed for use by the elderly or handicapped then lever headed ones should be used.

SERVICE ISOLATION Isolating valves to be provided to each range of points of use to facilitate maintenance. The slotted head type of valve is to be avoided. Drain cocks to be provided on isolated side of service.

FOUL DRAINAGE – ABOVE GROUND Generally PVCU for soil and vent pipes and ABS for smaller bore pipes. Inspection and rodding access to be provided at changes of direction, especially on the smaller bore pipework. Whenever possible systems to be open vented. AAVs only to be used where an open system is not viable. When installed check that AAV is at least 150mm above the flood level of the highest appliance on the system.

SURFACE WATER DRAINAGE – ABOVE GROUND Internal down pipes are to be avoided. For further information please refer to the section on External Drainage. Issue Date: June 2010 Issue No: 03

Staircases General Stairwells, more often than not, will need to be designed as a protected means of escape in case of fire. The type of materials specified for the construction of the staircase and well will be heavily influenced by this fact. Staircases will need to be designed / checked by a Structural Engineer. Stairs, balustrades and handrails to accord with the Workplace (Health, Safety & Welfare) Regulations 1992.

Timber Timber would probably only be used in a domestic environment, for example, staff housing. Winder stairs are not to be used.

Steel Structure of staircase is steel with screed filled steel tray treads and open risers or timber treads and risers supported by steel strings.

Concrete

Pre-cast - Either each flight is manufactured off site and craned into position or pre-cast planks are built into masonry walls. A latex screed will be the minimum required to provide a satisfactory finish for floor coverings.

In-situ - Will generally need a full screed on the treads before being acceptable for floor


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finishes. Existing When carrying out refurbishment works in a building the stairwell enclosure may need to be upgraded as part of the project to provide adequate protection for the escape of the occupants from the building in an emergency. Issue Date: June 2010 Issue No: 03 WINDOWS

Window control gear When considering window control gear the following points need to be borne in mind:

• Keep simple and robust

• Fittings to allow openings to give the required ventilation

• When blinds, curtains, etc. are to be installed conflict between the fitting and the blind should be avoided

• Avoid peg stays that are vulnerable to vandalism

• Remote window control gear should be avoided in lavatories and other areas

where vandalism is prevalent and generally electrically operated opening systems should not be specified

• Opening of all windows shall be achieved from floor level without obstruction

Window safety The following safety considerations should be incorporated into the design of windows:

• Windows which open outward at ground level can be dangerous if consideration is not given to designing circulation routes away from the perimeter of the building

• Sliding windows should be fitted with safety stops

• Scissor action window fastening must never be used anywhere because the

risk of injury is too high. Use a cam opener type, from an approved supplier

• If peg stays have to be used then they must not project beyond front edge of window boards

• All windows opening onto a pedestrian area to comply fully with the Workplace

(Health, Safety & Welfare) Regulations, including use of restrictors Consideration shall be given to the provision of security locking devices for window stays and fasteners.

Window restrictors are to be fitted to all opening windows on ground floor windows and upper floor windows where there is a risk of falling. Opening casement to be limited to front edge of the cill. Some windows, with top hung opening casements and a mid-height transom, cannot open sufficiently to comply with the Building Regulation ventilation requirements, unless all available opening lights are used. This configuration is to be avoided. Issue Date: June 2010 Issue No: 03


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Mechanical Engineering Access to services and equipment All services and equipment locations should be designed so that full access can be achieved for maintenance and cleaning and manufacturer's working tolerances should be regarded as the minimum acceptable. You should always ensure that access to engineering equipment is arranged via outward opening doors and hatches. It is essential that a safe readily available route from internal access reaches all plant points for routine maintenance and that space is provided for operatives to carry out maintenance work in situ. Where it is necessary to carry out maintenance work in roof spaces and similar areas, ladders, catwalks and platforms, all with handrails must be provided, designed in accordance with the Work at Height Regulations, Workplace (Health, Safety & Welfare) Regulations etc. All new access openings into roof spaces for the purposes of maintenance and inspection should be provided in accordance with the current Workplace (Health, Safety & Welfare) Regulations. Issue Date: June 2010 Issue No: 03

Boilers Choosing a boiler: Gas fired boilers should be first choice for heat generators. Oil boilers should only be considered where gas is unavailable.

In off gas areas only, other alternative energy systems should also be explored such as Biomass, Ground Source Heat Pumps and Air Source Heat Pumps.

You must, as part of the boiler procurement process, carefully ensure that the proposed manufacturer demonstrates a sustainable approach to the manufacture and after sales service of its boilers and associated equipment.

Acceptable boilers therefore, should be reasonably priced, efficient to operate and easily maintained.

The correct sizing of boiler plant is essential to maximise efficiency of the overall system.

Boiler efficiency: The thermal conditioning of a building and the provision of hot water services, normally accounts for the largest annual consumption of delivered energy to a building.

You must ensure that the boiler plant complies with the Building Regulations Part L, especially when on part load.

Chemical treatment: Chemical treatment shall be provided to maintain water quality where required from the boiler manufacturer.


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Sulphur attack: Where oil firing is chosen, the designer should incorporate appropriate measures to protect the boiler and flues from sulphur attack.

Sealed systems: Where appropriate, boiler systems can be designed as sealed systems.

Flue design: The provision of boiler flues should be considered at an early stage, to ensure compliance with the provisions of the Clean Air Act the relevant British Standards Codes of Practice and British Gas Technical Notes. Issue Date: September 2004 Issue No: 02

Building Log Books Building Log Books (energy) In accordance with Part L of the Building Regulations a Building Log Book will be required on completion of all new buildings and major refurbishment of existing buildings. This is to ensure that sufficient information is available to the operators of the building to enable energy consumption to be monitored and controlled.

The Building Log, Books, should be prepared in accordance with the recommendations of the CIBSE Technical Memorandum TM 31 Building Log Books and standard templates, and the appropriate standard templates should be used. Issue Date June 2010 Issue No 03


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Design Supplement M/001 Subject: Ventilation in Classrooms Originator: Reg Hobbs, Capital & Asset Management Date: 9 January 2004 Issue: No 1

Ventilation in Classrooms – Classrooms should all be ventilated as appropriate for their use and in accordance with the requirements of Building Bulletin 101 – Ventilation of schools. Specialist classrooms such as Domestic Science or Science Laboratories must be ventilated appropriately.

Design Supplement M/004 WSCC Capital & Asset Management Construction Guide Design Supplement M /004 Subject: Operating and Maintenance Manuals (Mechanical) Originator: RMDH Date: 01/07/05 Issue: No 1

Full and comprehensive operating and maintenance manuals should be provided for all engineering installations to enable the safe and efficient operation and maintenance of the installed plant and equipment. The consultant should ensure that the necessary information is collected and compiled during the progress of the works on site, and that the final documentation takes into account any changes and variations to the original design specification. The consultant should review the final documentation and ensure that it accurately reflects the completed works prior to passing it back to the client in time to enable Hand over. The client may refuse to take over any plant or equipment where it is considered that there is insufficient operating and maintenance documentation to enable safe operation. The format to be adopted for the Operating and maintenance manuals should be as detailed within BSRIA Application Guide AG 1/87.1

The content should include but not be limited to the following information.

For every installed system:

General description of system (including any inter links or connections to other services or systems).

Design parameters (requirements of brief, codes and standards, design loads and anticipated energy consumption, design temperatures and humidity parameters, control strategy, and so on).

System schematic diagram (basic A3 drawing showing the major components and how they are linked together to form the working system).

Building plans showing layout and position of all installed equipment.

Description of how the system works.


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Start up, operation, shutdown, emergency shutdown, and reset procedures including any safety precautions / procedures.

Set points for controls and operating settings established from the commissioning process, to enable optimum system performance.

Schedule of equipment manufacturers Type, Model No’s, capacities, loadings, and so on.

Routine maintenance, testing requirements, user checks and adjustments.

Recommended spare parts to be held, consumables and special tools, specialist test or diagnostic equipment.

Fault finding and trouble shooting, including user checks.

The content should include but not be limited to the following information, continued:

Emergency procedures.

Test certificates for all installed systems to include. Pipe work pressure tests, flushing and chlorination, Gas tightness testing, bacteriological testing, boiler combustion tests and so on.

Commissioning documentation and data for all installed systems, including software information access codes and electronic addresses for addressable systems.

Manufacturer’s Technical information, and warrantees.

Contact addresses and telephone numbers.

Note Manufacturer’s technical information to include specialist manufacturer’s maintenance and operating instructions, equipment installation and connection details, wiring diagrams, cleaning recommendations and so on.

Record Drawings Site plan showing, where on site the works have been carried out

Site plan showing all underground services, gas, water, oil distribution pipe work and incoming services supplies

Building plan showing positions of all main points of isolation

Schematic drawings of all systems

Building layout drawings, showing heating, hot and cold water, Ventilation, mechanical installations, and any other installed mechanical system.

Detail drawings of any specialist Mechanical plant or equipment, (Sewage Plant and so on.)

Manufacturers wiring diagrams and connection details (As requested under manufacturer’s information.)


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Control panels drawings and wiring diagrams for all control systems. Issue Date: June 2010 Issue No: 03

Design Supplement M/005 WSCC Capital & Asset Management Construction Guide Design Supplement M /005 Subject: Testing and Commissioning Originator: R Hobbs Date: 01/08/05 Issue: No 1

On completion of all new engineering installations, and modifications to existing systems, full and comprehensive testing and commissioning should be carried out before the systems are brought into use.

This testing and commissioning should provide confirmation that the systems and equipment have been installed to the relevant standards and in accordance with the specification.

The systems and equipment should be functionally tested and set up to operate within their design parameters and to enable maximum fuel efficiency.

The operational settings and set points should be recorded to assist plant operation and maintenance.

Actual performance should be checked against the original design data.

All testing and commissioning shall be fully documented and the information shall be provided as part of the operating and maintenance manuals. Below is a link for viewing the schedule (see page 3), giving guidance on the likely testing and certification required.

• Engineering standards and completion documentation (PDF, 12 pages, 156KB) Please note it is not exhaustive and further documentation, record drawings and information may be required depending on the nature and complexity of the particular installation. Issue Date: June 2010 Issue No: 03

Ductwork You should ensure that the manufacture and installation of ductwork complies with the recommendations in the current edition of the CIBSE Guides and the relevant sections of the current HVCA specifications. Issue Date: September 2004 Issue No: 02

Energy and water consumption You are required to determine the anticipated operational energy and water consumption, arising from the design employed, in accordance with the environmental performance indicators for sustainable construction.


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Please select the following link to refer to the section on sustainable design, for further information. Issue Date: September 2004 Issue No: 02

Fans You should, as part of the fan procurement process, carefully ensure that the proposed manufacturer demonstrates a sustainable approach to the manufacture and after sales service of its fan and associated equipment. Acceptable fans therefore, should be reasonably priced, efficient to operate and easily maintained and replaced. When selecting fans, you must ensure that they do not operate at a noise level that will cause annoyance and irritation to the building occupiers, adjacent building occupiers or passers by. Issue Date: September 2004 Issue No: 02

Gas installation Gas installation is to comply with all current Gas Safety Regulations, British Standards and Codes of Practice.

Gas supplies on site and in ducts Gas supply pipes should be run externally to the building and should not pass under any buildings. Internal gas distribution pipe work should be run on the surface.

Where this is not possible, we must be informed and the use of ventilated vertical and horizontal ducts and ventilated ceiling spaces should be considered.

Gas sub-metering to school kitchens In all school projects, which include a kitchen, or adaptation works in a kitchen, you should allow for the provision of a sub-meter on the gas supply serving the kitchen. Gas flues and roof alterations It has come to light recently that there may be an issue with Gas flues, when the roofs in our corporate estate are repaired or replaced. As soon as the roof is altered in any way where a gas or oil installations is present then the flue MUST be brought up to current standards. BS6644, with regards to the height above a flat or pitched roof. Within the Gas Regulation 1998 (Installation and use) it stipulates all Gas appliance flues MUST conform to BS6644. Or the manufacturer’s instructions whichever is the highest. It is a West Sussex County Council requirement that when a Gas appliance is present on any roof which is to be altered a Competent Gas safe and or OFTEC engineer must ensure the flue is correct on completion. For any other guidance please go to www.gassafe.couk or call 08004085500. Issue Date: December 2015

http://www.gassafe.couk/


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Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) L.P.G Installations are to comply with all Gas Safety Regulations and L.P Gas Association Codes of Practice. Issue Date: September 2004 Issue No: 02

Heating controls Heating controls should be designed to provide adequate comfort levels with minimum energy consumption. You should take great care to provide a full description of the controls and their functions so that commissioning and maintenance can be effective and efficient. Issue Date: September 2004 Issue No: 001

Heating system We currently prefer that heating be delivered to its buildings via gas-fired boilers and low-pressure hot water systems.

As heating systems that use renewable heat sources become acceptable then they will be introduced into this guide.

Heating zones Heating distribution should be controlled or zoned to achieve economical operation in buildings where only parts of the accommodation are needed at specific times, as described in the Building Regulations Part L.

Heating - halls and gymnasiums The heating in school assembly halls and gymnasiums should be capable of providing comfort for active and sedentary use.

Radiator valves Thermostatic radiator valves should be used wherever possible, have a pre-setting device for easy commissioning and be designed to be vandal resistant.

Isolating Valves, Drain-cocks, Air Venting All pipe work should be routed so that zone control and maintenance isolating valves can be grouped in convenient positions for easy access and operation for those needing to maintain the system.

Where it is felt necessary to produce a complex design, double regulating and isolating valves should be provided on all branch circuits from the distribution mains.

Where air venting and draining apparatus is installed, it should be grouped wherever possible and their locations made easily identifiable.

Independent gas / oil fire heaters - These should only be used where the practicality of a LPHW boiler and radiator system cannot be established.

All products of combustion must be vented externally to the building. Issue Date: September 2004 Issue No: 02


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Maintenance - Thinking about You must carefully and sympathetically consider the consequences for future safe maintenance work on the systems being designed and the items of plant and equipment being selected. For design to be considered sustainable, you should aim to provide for reliability and locally available spares at realistic cost over the operational life of the equipment along with ease of access to carry out maintenance procedures. The requirement for specialised maintenance should be minimised. You are most welcome to discuss maintenance issues with us and to contribute to the continuing development of our Construction Guide. Issue Date: June 2010 Issue No: 03

Maintenance manuals and record drawings Full operating and maintenance manuals should be provided for all works carried out. These should be in the form set out by the Building Services Research and Information Association technical Note TN1/84, Class D, as explained with the BSRIA Application Guide AG 1/87.1. One set of O and M manuals should be in electronic format with written documents being in MS Word and drawings in AutoCAD. Please refer to the Mechanical Design Supplement M/004. Issue Date: September 2004 Issue No: 02

Liquid Petroleum Gas Where natural gas is not available, then you may select L.P.G as the heating fuel. However, this option should be discussed with our Engineering Team before selection.

Oil Where natural gas is not available, you may have to select oil as the heating fuel. However, this option should be discussed with our Engineering Team before selection.

We have a variety of oil supply contracts with a mix of grades being supplied to different sites.

You should request confirmation from us on the existing type of fuel oil being used, probably either 28 or 35 second.

You should be aware that the users on site might not be fully aware of the fuel being used.

Water Water provision is to be normally taken from the local supplier.

Two types of supply are normally considered; supply for potable use and supply for fire fighting.

Grey water recovery and rainwater harvesting may be considered if a suitable proposal is presented for consideration by us.

Each should be separate and supplies should include check valves etc for security.

All designs shall be in accordance with the Water Regulations and the requirements of


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the water supplier. All water services installations are to comply with current legislation and codes of practise.

We are committed to water efficiency and you are encouraged to offer proposals for achieving this including the use of:

• Metered supply to improve accountability and where the cost of the meter installation is less than the total expected annual water provision cost.

• Passive infrared activated, water control to regulate the flow of water to urinals.

• Push tap with 6-second duration to sinks and basins.

• Minimum capacity water cisterns.

As new water efficiency measures become acceptable to us then they will be introduced into this guide. Issue Date: September 2004 Issue No: 02

Ventilation Whenever possible all spaces should be designed to have natural ventilation. In order to achieve this, you should work closely with the architect, at early design stage. When Mechanical Ventilation is acceptable: Circumstances when mechanical ventilation may be considered are where: i) Spaces cannot be naturally ventilated sufficiently. ii) Installed equipment is likely to produce heat or noxious fumes, for example, fume cupboards in laboratories, workshops, kiln rooms. iii) There is a need to remove heat and cooking fumes from kitchen equipment or Servery canopy ventilation. iv) The space is likely to be effected by high humidity levels, for example, swimming pool changing rooms, bath/shower rooms and kitchenettes. Please refer to the Mechanical Design Supplement M/001 for further information. Issue Date: September 2004 Issue No: 02


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Electrical Engineering Access to services and equipment All services and equipment locations should be designed so that full access can be achieved for maintenance.

Manufacturer's working tolerances should be regarded as the minimum acceptable.

You should always ensure that access to engineering equipment is arranged via outward opening doors and hatches.

It is essential that all plant is readily reached from internal access points for routine maintenance and cleaning and that space is provided for operatives to carry out maintenance work in situ.

Where necessary, to enable safe and efficient maintenance, work in roof spaces, on roofs or at high level or in normally inaccessible spaces and so on, catwalks, platforms and access ladders must be fitted with handrails and lighting as part of the design proposals.

All new access openings into roof spaces for the purposes of maintenance and inspection should be provided in accordance with the Work at Height Regulations and Workplace (Health, Safety & Welfare) Regulations. Issue Date: June 2010 Issue No: 03

Solar Panels and Photo voltaic panels Solar Panels and Photo votaic panels should be securely anchored to the roof or to the surface that they are fixed as appropriate to the local environmental conditions and exposures to the elements. The installation should always be the subject of a Designer's risk assessment, taking into account all relevant technical advice available including reference to BRE Digest 489 for wind load calculations. When renewable technology is being installed on roof or other high level areas (eg PV/Solar thermal) safe permanent access must be included as part of the installation to enable future access for maintenance.

Cables Installed Underground Where necessary PVC / XLPE armoured power cables may be buried directly in the ground but should be installed to the manufacturers recommendations. Where it is necessary for control, alarm, CCTV, communication or data cabling to be buried they should be installed within a system of ducts and draw-pits to enable protection, and permit further cables to be installed at a later date. For guidance please refer to the Electrical Design Supplement E/001. Issue Date: September 2004 Issue No: 02

Class Changer Sounder Systems Generally Intermediate, Middle and Secondary Schools will require a class change sounder system. This should comprise a unit with a pulsed output which is programmable for multiple times / dates.


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It may be combined with the fire alarm system sounders, where approved by the Fire Officer. Sounders used for class change should generally be bells. Class change sounder systems should not be provided in Primary Schools. Issue Date: September 2004 Issue No: 02

Design Principle

It is essential that we work together to ensure that the engineering services provide convenience, comfort and economy for the end user. Engineering services, particularly control systems, should be designed to be sympathetic for local operators who don't have formal technical expertise. Issue Date: September 2004 Issue No: 02

Design responsibility Unless otherwise requested, you are required to produce or be directly responsible for producing design solutions in full. This includes all design calculations, working and record drawings, and operating maintenance manuals. You are directly responsible for ensuring that all required certification is produced and functional testing and commissioning is completed. We consider these to be the responsibility of the designer. Issue Date: September 2004 Issue No: 02

Design Supplement E/001 Subject: Underground Electrical Services Originator: Reg Hobbs, Capital & Asset Management / Gerald Tobias Associates Date: 8th January 2004

Cables Installed Underground Where necessary PVC and, XLPE armoured power cables may be buried direct in the ground but should be installed to the manufacturer’s recommendations and in accordance with the IEE Wiring Regulations. All cables should be laid at a suitable depth in a bed of sand and covered with sand and sifted soil before backfilling is carried out. Directly above the cable route at a depth of approximately 225mm a yellow cable marker tape with the words ‘’Caution electric cable below’’, should be installed. At service entry points and where underground cables traverse roads, pathways, hard play areas etc. they should be installed within adequately sized ducts to permit future removal without disturbing the surface above. Where control, alarm, CCTV, communications or IT cables are to be run underground they should be installed within a system of ducts and draw pits, to provide protection to the cables and permit further cables to be installed in the future. All cables run underground whether installed in duct or direct in the ground should be suitable for external use. Cable marker tape should also be laid along the route of all buried electrical services ducts where it is considered that they are likely to be disturbed in the future.


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Underground cable ducts Underground cable ducts should generally be 100mm diameter twin walled high- density polyethylene with smooth interior and corrugated exterior for extra strength. Lengths should interlock and provide a smooth internal joint. A draw rope should be installed to enable the pulling in of cables. Ducts should be laid to fall in free draining trenches and backfilled with all sharp material and foreign matter removed. Draw ropes should be attached at each end to prevent them being inadvertently pulled through with other cables. Wherever ducts are to be installed one spare duct should be provided as a contingency for future use. Ducts should be colour coded for identification purposes as follows: Black Electrical services Grey Communications and IT Green CCTV Orange Street lighting Dedicated ducts and draw pits should be installed for fibre optic cables. All ducts should be installed to the manufacturer’s recommendations. After cable installation each opening to the duct should be plugged to prevent the ingress of water and vermin. Ducts should be fire stopped at the final entry point into the building. Where changes of direction are required draw pits of a suitable size should be provided and installed. These should be standard prefabricated units or purpose built brick chambers of suitable size and depth for easy cable installation taking into account the likely bending radius of the cables. All draw pits and cable chambers should be provided with weather tight inspection covers fitted with tamperproof fixings. Where installed in areas where vehicular traffic is likely they should be fitted with heavy duty inspection covers.

Excavation Works Before any excavation takes place reference should be made to any available record drawings of existing underground services. The proposed routes should then be swept with a cable / services locator to ascertain as far as possible whether any existing services are likely to be disturbed. The recommendation of HSE Guidance note HSG 47 should be observed. Temporary barriers, tapes and warning signs should be used to segregate any open trench whilst work is being carried out. Full reinstatement of all disturbed areas should be carried out on completion.

Records Before the underground services are buried their positions should be accurately measured and the routes and depths should be marked on a record drawing and passed to the client with the other Maintenance, Record and Safety Information. A copy of this information should be placed in the Site Electrical Log Book. Issue Date: June 2010 Issue No: 03

Design Supplement E/002 Subject: Classroom Lighting Originator: Reg Hobbs, updated Alan Wagg, Capital & Asset Management. Date: February 2012 Issue: No 4


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Classroom Lighting The design of all lighting installations shall be carried out in accordance with the recommendations of the CIBSE / Society of Light and Lighting’s Code for Lighting. In addition to providing an adequate and appropriate illumination level for the particular activity to be carried out in the space the lighting shall create a visually pleasing environment. Particular attention should be given to the illumination of the walls and ceiling to avoid installations that produce a gloomy appearance. The recommendations for relative illuminances should be considered. The colours and reflectance factors of the walls, ceiling and floor within the room, as well as the light distribution of the luminaries, will have a major effect on the appearance of the completed installation. All these factors will need to be co-ordinated to achieve a visually acceptable installation. Generally most installations will require luminaires with a proportion of upward light to avoid a gloomy appearance. All luminaires shall be appropriate for the application, suitable for the particular environment and adequately fixed. All luminaires shall be easy to clean and maintain without specialist tools and knowledge. 1800mm length luminaires must not be used.

Generally all luminaires to have high frequency control gear and use T5 lamps.

Any down lighters used must use low energy lamps, tungsten and tungsten halogen must not be used.

With the development of LED lighting, this should be considered rather than the use of high pressure mercury or sodium lamped fittings. Good colour rendering is essential.

Special luminaires and special lamps should be avoided wherever possible, as these generally prove difficult and costly to maintain.

All diffusers, louvres prismatic controllers and other attachments should be securely held in place by positive fixings and be capable of withstanding minor damage without falling off. A retention device should be provided to prevent any attachment being able to fall to the ground. Metal louvres and reflectors should be provided with earth leads, or some other form of positive earth connection. Bare lamp battens should not generally be used. Where luminaires are installed on suspended grid ceilings purpose made support clips suitable for the particular type of ceiling should be used.

Luminaires in sports halls and other areas where they could be subject to accidental damage should be enclosed or provided with some means to contain particles of glass should a lamp be inadvertently broken. High pressure lamped fittings must not be used in Sports Halls or Assembly Halls.


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Switching should be logically divided to enable rows parallel to the windows to be switched out to conserve energy. Automatic absence detection should be used, with a switch to override, located within the area/room.

Other control systems shall be simple to operate, reliable, and understandable to non-technical personnel. Automatic switching systems must use an 'open protocol' system to enable maintenance, upgrading etc. to be carried out by any competent contractor. Systems which need to be reprogrammed every time a lamp is changed must not be used.

Issue Date: April 2012 Issue No: 04

Design Supplement E/003 Subject: Fire Alarm Systems in Schools Originator: Reg Hobbs / John Dawson, updated by Alan Wagg, Capital & Asset Management Date: February 2012 Issue: No 4 Fire Alarm Systems in Schools Fire Alarm installers must be BAFE - FB203 accredited for all modules:

Maintenance Design Installation Commissioning

All fire alarm installations should be designed and installed to comply with BS 5839-1:2002+A2:2008 Fire detection and fire alarm systems for buildings. Code of practice for system design, installation, commissioning and maintenance.

The Client will carry out a Fire Risk Assessment which will determine the level of protection that will be required. It will also determine whether sprinklers will need to be installed.

Fire alarm systems in schools must comply to a minimum category of L4, with enhancements using automatic fire detection devices to cover high risk areas such as:

Plant Rooms Kitchens Kiln Areas IT Suites/Server Rooms Main Switch Rooms

Where the works are an extension/alteration to an existing school, the existing fire alarm system needs to be reviewed. The new works must have a fire alarm system which complies to current standards, adding this to a non-compliant existing system should be avoided wherever possible.


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New sounders must sound the same as existing. If this is not possible then a new fire alarm system will most probably be required.

If it is possible to extend an existing fire alarm system, the designer must calculate the additional load, and ensure that the battery back-up and charger on the main panel still meet the requirements of BSEN 54 - 4 :1997 Part 4.

Addressable systems may be the most appropriate. To enable easier maintenance addressable systems with an open architecture protocol should be used. Systems that can only be supported by a single manufacturer must not be used. Class change should be a separate system using bells. Fire alarm systems may be combined with class change systems where agreement of the Fire Officer has been obtained. Sounders for combined systems should generally be bells. Sounders for general fire alarms should be electronic type. In areas of high ambient noise level i.e. Workshops Plant Rooms Music Rooms etc or in areas used by hearing impaired flashing beacons in addition to sounders should be provided.

As there is always a requirement to install a sounder in each classroom, further enhancement of the system can be achieved by installing a smoke detector, with a sounder and beacon base, this adds very little cost to the installation.

Toilets must have sounders and beacons installed.

Smoke detectors will be required within a distance of 1.5m either side of any door which is held open by an electro magnetic device.

Electro magnetic door holders must have a momentary switch adjacent to the door at a height of 1500mm ffl in primary and junior schools and 2000mm ffl in secondary schools, labelled 'PUSH TO CLOSE', to close the door.

This stops damage to the electro-magnetic mechanism, which will happen if the door is pulled closed.

Generally insulated and red sheathed fire rated cables should be used for fire alarm installations, installed in accordance with the manufacturer’s recommendations and to the requirements of the BS Standard. Where surface cabling is necessary it should generally be enclosed within white surface fixed PVC trunking to improve the appearance. the cables must be fixed independently within. Final drops to call points and sounders should normally be enclosed within red surface mini trunking. Where fire rated cable is used all support fixings should be of a similar fire rating. It is acceptable for metal ties to be used at 900mm centres to complement plastic ties, where cables are tied to tray, basket work etc.

Provision must be made for remote monitoring, whether or not this is requested.

Addresses assigned to the panel must be the room number first, followed by, if required, further details eg. Rm 039 Hall etc.


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Fully documented testing and commissioning should be carried out and certification provided. A hard wood framed glass or plastic faced zone chart must be fixed adjacent to the main panel.

Installers should provide full operating and maintenance instructions and should instruct the users on the operation of the system. A short 'layman's' guide on an A4 sheet must also be provided.

In addition record drawings should be provided which identify the system as installed, giving positions of all equipment, test points, line isolators and junction boxes. For addressable systems, a print out of the system point numbers and addresses should also be provided.

Issue Date: April 2012 Issue No: 04 Design Supplement E/004 Subject: Emergency Lighting Originator: Reg Hobbs, updated by Alan Wagg Date: February 2012 Issue: No 3

Emergency Lighting Emergency Lighting shall be provided in Council Premises, using automatic self test luminaires as follows:-

1. Existing Building – Compliant In an existing building where the lighting installation complies with the requirements of BS 5266 any extension and/or alteration to the lighting installation shall be designed to maintain the compliance.

2. Existing Building – Partially Compliant In an existing building where the lighting installation partially complies with the requirements of BS 5266 any extension and/or alteration to the lighting installation shall be designed to comply and the requirements to bring the balance of the building up to standard shall be identified separately. The User’s risk analysis (undertaken in accordance with the WSCC Code of Practice for Fire Risk Assessment) shall be used to determine the priority attached to resolving the non-compliant areas.

3. Existing Building – No Compliance In an existing building where the lighting installation has no compliance with the requirements of BS 5266 any extension and/or alteration to the lighting installation shall be designed to comply. The requirements to bring the original building up to standard shall be identified separately. The User’s risk analysis (undertaken in


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accordance with the WSCC Code of Practice for Fire Risk Assessment) shall be used to determine the priority attached to resolving the non-compliant areas. 4. New Building In a new building the lighting installation shall be designed to comply with the requirements of BS 5266. Where the Risk Assessment indicates that there is no requirement for emergency lighting the User should be aware that the Fire Officer is likely to limit the use of the premises to daylight hours. The Project Officer in consultation with the Client shall confirm to the Designers the scope of emergency lighting we require should funds be insufficient to meet the provision required by the Risk Assessments. Emergency lighting shall be provided as required by BS 5266 and shall cover the building as a whole. Final points of exit shall be provided with external emergency luminaires to facilitate safe egress. Designated fire escape doors shall either be provided with illuminated pictogram exit signs, or self-adhesive signs which offer an unobstructed view, fully illuminated by a remote emergency luminaire. In general designated primary luminaires shall be provided with local integral battery backup to meet the emergency lighting requirements, fed from the local lighting circuit. To facilitate maintenance, these luminaires should be labelled to indicate that they contain an integral emergency light, and the mains healthy indicator light should be clearly visible. Alternatively appropriate self contained luminaires should be used, fed from the local lighting circuit. All emergency lighting installations should be commissioned in accordance with the requirements of BS 5266 part 1, and a certificate should be issued by the installing contractor. Issue Date: April 2012 Issue No: 03

Design Supplement E/005 Subject: Lighting External Originator: Reg Hobbs, Capital & Asset Management, updated by Alan Wagg Date: February 2012 Issue: No 3

Lighting (External) External lighting should be provided, to enable safe access and egress to the buildings during the hours of darkness and to enhance the visual appearance of the buildings and associated pedestrian areas. External lighting schemes should be designed in accordance with the recommendations of CIBSE, ILE, or in accordance with the relevant British Standard. Equipment should be of pleasing appearance, energy efficient, weather and vandal resistant and should be positioned to minimise risk of damage from vehicles and vandals. The design and positioning of the equipment should be chosen to minimise light pollution to the neighbouring areas. It should be noted that many premises now have CCTV installations and the lighting should be designed to compliment the effectiveness of these systems.


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The equipment and installation should take into account the need for safe and easy maintenance. Wherever possible the same type and colour of lamp should be used throughout the installation. Where floodlight reflector luminaires are used care should be taken to avoid these being aimed at high angles and producing disability glare and spilled light, and the subsequent wasted energy. It should be noted that Lighting columns over 4 mtrs mounting height are likely to require Planning Approval. On TN-C-S (PME) installations special earthing precautions will be necessary for external lighting columns. Extensive use of bollard luminaires must be avoided, as previously these have proved a very costly maintenance problem. External lighting should generally be controlled by means of a 24 hour time-switch with battery back up and a photo cell. A master override switch should be provided to enable testing to be easily carried out. The positions of all buried external lighting cables should be recorded on a drawing as detailed within the Electrical Design Supplement E/001. Issue Date: April 2012 Issue No: 03 Design Supplement E/006

Subject: Lightning Protection Originator: Alan Wagg, Capital & Asset Management Date: March 2012 Issue: No 3

Lightning Protection Lightning Protection against structural and transient strike shall be provided in Council Premises, as follows:- 1. Existing Building – Compliant In an existing building where the lightning protection installation (structural and transient) complies with the requirements of BS EN 62305 any extension and/or alteration to the building shall be designed to maintain the compliance. 2. Existing Building – Partially Compliant In an existing building where the lightning protection installation partially complies with the requirements of BS EN 62305 any extension and/or alteration to the lightning protection installation shall be designed to comply and the requirements to bring the balance of the building up to standard shall be identified separately. The Project Officer will determine the priority attached to resolving the non-compliant areas. 3. Existing Building – No Compliance In an existing building where the lightning protection installation has no compliance with the requirements of BS EN 62305 any extension and/or alteration to the lightning installation shall be designed to comply and the requirements to bring the original building up to standard shall be identified separately. The Project Officer will determine the priority attached to resolving the non-compliant areas. 4. New Building In a new building the lightning protection installation shall be designed to comply with the requirements of BS EN 62305.


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The Project Officer in consultation with the Client shall confirm to the Designers the scope of lightning protection required should funds be insufficient to meet the provision required by the British Standard. Structural and transient protection shall be provided against structural and transient lightning strikes in accordance with BS EN 62305. Structural protection shall be provided by means of a range of tapes and air terminal devices. All extraneous metal at roof level shall be bonded to the system. The lightning protection system shall be bonded to the buildings earth point adjacent to the utility incoming electrical supply. Where the buildings structure is a steel frame the frame may be used as the down conductor. Where surface fixed down tapes are necessary these shall be protected with hardwood casings from finished ground level to 2.500m. All incoming and outgoing including but not limited to telephone cables, data cables, power cables, metallic services, pipes, cables, ducts etc shall be bonded and protected to avoid induction/transmission of transient surges. All test points, earth electrodes, down tapes, roof conductors and associated lightning protection components should be given identification, and the positions should be marked on a drawing for future reference and maintenance purposes.

Earthing rods, must be purpose made steel core copper sheathed. The final connection from the building down tape must be made in copper, using a bolted clamp which must be lubricated using a non-corrosive conducting grease, to prevent corrosion.

The earth rod to be protected by a purpose made concrete inspection chamber, with the top level with the final ground/path surface level.

Note Because the lightning protection system is normally installed before the final building ground works have been completed, it has been quite common to find that the concrete inspection pits have been buried. This is not acceptable, the Consultant must ensure that adequate measures are taken to avoid this.

Surge Protection Devices (SPD) to meet BS7671 and BSEN 62305 - 4 shall be installed:

I. near the origin of an installation, or II. in the main distribution assembly nearest the origin of an installation.

A risk assessment to be carried out to assess whether further SPD's are required downstream from the origin of supply.

All suppression equipment installed should be identified with a label and the positions should be marked on a drawing for future reference. Issue Date: April 2012 Issue No: 03

Design Supplement E/007 Subject: ICT / Data Provision of Power Circuits Originator: Alan Wagg, Capital & Asset Management Date: February 2012 Issue No: 3


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ICT / DATA 30mA Residual Current Protection must be provided to all general purpose power circuits where 13A socket outlets are installed.

The only exception would be circuits where nuisance tripping could be costly e.g. supplies to freezers. However, if no residual current protection is provided the circuit must comply to the current edition of BS7671.

School classrooms require a minimum of four number twin double pole switched dual earthed twin 13A socket outlets. These must be positioned around the classroom, not all in one location. These should be wired as a ring circuit to cover only one classroom, protected by a 30mA sensitivity RCBO or RCD.

Where the provision of socket outlets to provide power for computers is required. These circuits must comply to the requirements of the current edition of BS7671. If wired as a ring, circuit, ideally 3 twin or 6 single socket outlets, but no more than 4 twin or 8 single socket outlets. Socket outlets used must be double pole switched, with dual earth terminals.

In IT suites or offices, the Consultant must make provision for each work station to have a four gang individually fused at 5A, power plate, or furniture socket, mounted either on the top or beneath the desk, this detail needs to be decided in discussion with the IT advisor/consultant for each particular project. The power plate or furniture socket will be supplied via a lead taken under the desk through the wire ways/trunking, supplied from a 13A socket outlet, using a 13A fused plugtop. Thus a ring circuit of 6 No. socket outlets will supply 6 No. workstations.

N.B. Additional socket outlets will be required for scanners and other equipment. Agree numbers and positions with the IT advisor/consultant. Socket outlets to supply large printers must not be on the same circuit that provides power for the computers.

Where general teaching classrooms require an area to accommodate up to a maximum of 4 No. computer workstations, allow the provision of a twin 13A double pole switched dual earthed socket outlet per computer, plus an additional twin socket for a printer or scanner. These outlets can be on the same ring circuit as the general provision of power outlets in the room. Schools require that all of the socket outlets supplying I.T. equipment can be isolated at one point, this must be located to enable the teacher easy access. Any such isolator must be capable of switching an inductive current of a minimum of 40A.

One way to achieve this requirement is to wire a 32A rated radial circuit complying to the current edition of BS7671 to a surface mounted 40A/30mA RCD mounted in a weather proof enclosure located at the front of the classroom, at 1400mm f.f.l. The classroom ring circuit is then wired from this RCD.

The added advantage of this method is easy access to the RCD should nuisance tripping occur.


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Issue Date : April 2012

Issue No. : 3

Design Supplement E/008 Subject: Electrical Services in Laboratories Originator: Alan Wagg, Capital & Asset Management Date: Jan 2004 Issue: No 2

Electrical Services in Laboratories DfEE Building Bulletin 80 (revised 1999) Science Accommodation in Secondary Schools should be used as a reference. WSCC require all socket outlets to be double pole switched. Socket outlets located adjacent to water services, must be further protected by a 3kVA centre tapped 1:1 ratio double wound transformer with electro-static screen between primary and secondary windings, having a restricted earth resistance, and controlled by a 5mA sensitivity residual current device. The unit should be floor standing with a minimum of three sub – circuits protected by 16A mcbs. The unit should be isolated by a 32A double pole switch mounted 1500mm ffl located adjacent to the teaching white board. It should also be noted that the transformer supply circuit must be protected a type D mcb. Where the school require computers to be used in a laboratory, they must be located away from water services. The socket outlets supplying these computers, must be protected by a separate 30mA residual current device. These socket outlets must have their face plate engraved to indicate "30mA rcd " Issue Date: June 2010 Issue No: 02

Design Supplement E/010 WSCC Capital & Asset Management Construction Guide Design Supplement E/010

Subject : Electrical Switchboards and Distribution Originator : RMDH/RJB/AJW Date: February 2012 Issue : No 2 Small switch boards should be made up from standard modular components from one of the major switch gear manufacturers.

Panels should comprise of moulded case circuit breakers (MCCB, s) or high rupturing capacity (HRC) switch fuses / fuse switches. It is preferred that local sub circuit distribution boards are provided separately and not built into a main distribution panel. 25% spare ways should allowed for future expansion. All moulded case circuit breakers and switch fuses should be provided with a means of locking off.


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Panel meters should be provided to enable load monitoring of the supplies.

MCCB's, shall be 'off the shelf ' not purpose made.

At the mains meter position the supply to the main MCCB panel from the suppliers incoming mains cut-out must be taken via a separate HRC fused switchfuse. This will act as a MAIN SWITCH for the whole of the installation. A panel board incorporating a switchfuse or main switch is not acceptable as a MAIN SWITCH.

It is very difficult to have the appointed supplier withdraw the cut-out fuses. By using a separate switchfuse the panel board can be easily isolated for maintenance/additions.

All outgoing ways are to be clearly labelled using engraved labels, which are nut and bolt or plastic rivet fixed adjacent to the respective circuit way.

The label to indicate phase/phases, current capacity (this is very important where variable current mccb's are used), the sub-main cable size and the location of the distribution board/apparatus it is supplying.

The main switchfuse must have an engraved label with 8mm sized lettering to indicate "MAIN SWITCH", plus an additional information label to indicate the current capacity of the fuses and the size of tails used. These labels to be nut and bolt or plastic rivet fixed to the face of the switchfuse.

Glued and self-taped screw fixings are not permitted.

In additional voltage warning labels must also be fitted.

A Mains Schematic drawing and a Building Layout Drawing indicating the location of all sub-main routes, sub-main panels, distribution board locations and other main points of electrical equipment to be provided. These drawings to be frame mounted in a prominent location, protected by a clear glass or a stabilised plastic front cover.

The Mains Schematic drawing to have the same information as required for the labels, with an additional schedule to indicate design loads and main and sub-main impendences found when tested.

The date of the installation and the installing contractor must also be included.

All equipment should be designed and constructed to enable safe, and easy maintenance. Most panels will require front and side access and should be installed so that sufficient space is provided to enable items of equipment to be removed for maintenance. Ideally the same manufacturer should be used for main and sub distribution panels.

A single 13A socket outlet should be provided at the mains position to enable the use of test and monitoring equipment.

Final circuit distribution boards shall be metal cased, and unless being used in a domestic house, shall generally use type C miniature circuit breakers (mcb's). Distribution boards must be located in positions which give easy access for operatives but in a secure location to ensure safety and no miss use. This is especially important


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now that the majority of final circuits are protected by RCBO's. If located in stores, position where they will not be blocked in or covered by storage material. An ideal location if a store has to be used is by the entrance door, where storage would impede access. 25% spare ways should be allowed for future expansion.

All circuit ways must be clearly labelled, both on the distribution board and by means of a circuit chart, (which must be dated) protected in a plastic faced picture frame located adjacent to the distribution board. Circuit ways must be numbered clearly and unambiguously on the distribution board. The numbers referenced on the circuit chart to indicate a description of the circuit supplied.

Ensure the details also include the phase of the circuit.

The circuit description should include the type and number of outlets and the room location.

All WSCC buildings have room numbers referenced on plans used for record purposes. Use these numbers, plus a room description if required e.g. Rm 09 - Hall, or Rm 26 - Corridor.

A location plan giving the areas the distribution board supplies, must also be installed in a clear plastic faced picture framed holder adjacent to the distribution board. If necessary shade or line the area if a large scale plan is used.

The distribution board must be clearly labelled using an engraved label nut and bolt or plastic rivet fixed to the face of the distribution board to indicate : Distribution board ref, size and type of sub-main supply, size of mccb or HRC fuse protection, the sub-main circuit impendance found when tested, the location of the main panel supplying the distribution board.

In addition voltage warning labels whether 220v or 400v must be fitted.

N.B. Glued and self tapped screwed labels are not acceptable.

Issue Date: April 2012

Issue No: 03

Design Supplement E/011 WSCC Capital & Asset Management Construction Guide Design Supplement E/011 Subject : Operating and Maintenance Manuals (Electrical) Originator : RMDH update by A J Wagg Date : 01/07/05 Update April 2012 Issue : No 3

Full and comprehensive Operating and Maintenance Manuals shall be provided for all Engineering Installations to enable the safe and efficient operation and maintenance of the installed plant and equipment. The Consultant should ensure that the necessary information is collected and compiled during the progress of the works on site, and that the final documentation takes into


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account any changes and variations to the original design specification and encompasses the whole of the works carried out.

The Consultant should review the final documentation and ensure that it accurately reflects the completed works prior to passing it back to the Client in time to enable Hand over. The Client may refuse to take over any plant or equipment where it is considered that there is insufficient operating and maintenance documentation to enable safe operation.

The format to be adopted for the Operating and Maintenance manuals should be as detailed within:

BSRIA Application Guide AG 1/87.1 - Operating and Maintenance manuals for building services installations 2nd Edition.

BSRIA Applications Guide BG 2/2004 - Computer based operating and maintenance manuals : options and procurement guidance.

The content should include but not be limited to the following information. For every installed system; (i.e. Mains distribution, sub circuit wiring, lighting, fire alarm, emergency lighting, external lighting, controls, etc.). General description of system (including any inter links to other services or systems).

Design parameters (requirements of brief, codes & standards, design loads and anticipated energy consumption, lighting levels control strategy etc.). System schematic diagram (basic A3 drawing showing the major components and how they are linked together to form the working system). Building plans showing layout and position of all installed equipment. Description of how each system works: Start up, operation, shutdown, emergency shutdown, and reset procedures including any safety precautions / procedures. Set points for controls and operating settings established from the commissioning process, to enable optimum system performance. Schedule of equipment manufacturers, Type, Model No’s, capacities, loadings, etc.

Routine maintenance, testing requirements, user checks and adjustments. Recommended spare parts to be held, consumables, special tools, specialist test or diagnostic equipment. Fault finding and trouble shooting, including user checks. Emergency procedures.

Test certificates for all installed systems to include: Electrical Installation, fire alarm, emergency lighting, lightning protection, Lift installation, data, specialist equipment. Commissioning documentation and data for all installed systems, including software information access codes and electronic addresses for addressable systems. Manufacturer’s Technical information, and warrantees. Contact Addresses and Telephone Numbers


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Note : Manufacturer’s information to include specialist manufacturer’s maintenance and operating instructions, equipment installation and connection details, wiring diagrams, cleaning recommendations etc.

Record Drawings Site plan showing, where on site the works have been carried out. Site plan showing all underground services, sub mains external lighting cables and incoming services supplies. Building plan showing positions of all main points of isolation. Schematic drawings of all systems. Building layout drawings, showing Electrical installation distribution, power, lighting, emergency lighting, external lighting, fire alarm, data, intruder alarm, CCTV, access control. TV aerial installation, lightning protection, control systems, and any other installed system. Zone chart for fire alarm. Building layout showing position of Lifts and detail drawings of lift installation and controls. Detail drawings of any specialist electrical plant or equipment. Manufacturers wiring diagrams and connection details (As requested under manufacturer’s information.) Note: The following record information should be displayed within the Main Switch Room / Main Intake Room.

One copy of the Schematic Distribution Drawing (min. size A3) One copy of Building Layout Drawing showing main points of electrical isolation. (see also Design Supplement E/010 of Construction Guide)

These should be framed and fixed to the wall in a prominent location. At each local distribution board position, framed circuit charts should be provided and fixed. (See also Design Supplement E/010 of Construction Guide)

One hard copy and two 'soft' electronic copies in PDF format drawings in the latest AutoCAD format (on CD Rom) of the operating and maintenance instruction manual and record drawings shall be provided. The hard copy is for site, the two electronic copies to be given to the Client and Consultant.

Issue Date: June 2010 Revised April 2012

Issue No: 03

Design Supplement E/013 WSCC Capital & Asset Management Construction Guide Design Supplement E /013 Subject : Lifts Originator : R Hobbs / J Dawson updated A J Wagg Date : 24/08/05 updated April 2012 Issue : No 2

In addition to the relevant standards for lift installations the following schedule of items should be taken into consideration when planning or designing lift installations.


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Specifications should clearly identify what the building contractor is to provide and what is the responsibility of the lift contractor. The anticipated type of use, and frequency of use of the proposed lift should be stated Consideration should be given to the building environment and the likely noise levels that will be generated by the equipment. Consideration should be given to the likelihood of vandalism

Protective measures should be put in place to prevent building dust and debris, from contaminating the machinery during the building installation phase. The lift shaft shall be sealed on completion to prevent brick dust or other building debris from damaging the lift machinery. The lift pit should be tanked to prevent the ingress of water. The fire integrity of the lift shaft shall be maintained at all entrances and openings and lift doors should be fire rated. Ventilation should be provided for the lift shaft, lift car and Motor Room.

The lift telephone monitoring system shall be of a type that can be maintained and reprogrammed by any Lift Maintenance Contractor. The Client will advise the telephone number of the Call Centre to be used for the telephone monitoring.

No services other than those required for the lift installation should be installed within the lift shaft or Motor Room. Brushed stainless steel finishes should be avoided as they tend to show finger marks. Lift car lighting should be accessible from the lift car to enable local staff to replace lamps . The facility for the lift to return to the Ground Floor in a fire situation should be incorporated within all designs. Key operated car override facilities should be provided. Measures taken to prevent unauthorised use of the car top controls should not prevent the Lift Maintenance contractor or the Insurance Inspector from undertaking their duties. (i.e. Keys or access codes or other means of enabling the controls should be made available) A pit prop, pit ladder, barrier, keys, brake handles etc shall be provided for all installations. An insulating rubber mat should be provided in front of all lift control panels. Emergency lighting should be provided within the lift car and motor room.

For hydraulic lifts, the motor room shall be bunded to contain any oil spill. Lift shaft lighting to be provided, switched on and off, by the Lift Motor Room light switch.

Where the provision of an evacuation lift has been specified by the client or is a fire safety design requirement, reference must be made to Annex G of BS 9999:2008. Systems only accessible to one manufacturer should be avoided.

Lift documentation should be contained within an enclosure fixed to wall in lift motor room. Control wiring diagrams and frequently used information should be encapsulated. 2 loose copies of all documentation should be issued to Capital & Asset Management.


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On completion of a new installation the appropriate test procedures should be carried out and full test and commissioning information shall be provided with the necessary certifications. The certification shall confirm that the whole lift installation meets the requirements of the appropriate standard not just the lift machinery. All proposals for lifts should be discussed with us at an early stage. Issue Date: June 2010 updated April 2012 Issue No: 03

Design Supplement E/014 Disabled WC Alarms All disabled toilet facilities will require an emergency assistance alarm. The alarm usually comprises a pull cord with reassurance lamp and a remote sounder located within a manned location. Specific requirements should be agreed with the Client.

Issue Date: September 2004 Issue No: 02

Design Supplement E/015

Powered Gates and barriers

Powered doors may be provided within certain premises, as designated by the Client Department. Various types of door have been used within our premises. Powered gates or barriers will sometimes be required to external car parks or controlled / restricted areas. Specific requirements should be agreed with the Client.

The mechanical hazards associated with powered gates and barriers are: -

Crushing Shearing Drawing-in Cutting Entanglement Trapping Being struck by a moving part There may also be electrical, hydraulic and other hazards, depending on the design of the gate / barrier and its operating mechanism.

When designing, constructing, installing and/or commissioning powered gates or barriers for a WSCC client, you must comply with the requirements of Regulation 18 of the Workplace (Health, Safety & Welfare) Regulations, and especially that:

1. The hazards and associated risks to persons using the gates have been considered, including: -


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a. the identification of any mechanical, electrical or other hazard that may

cause harm to people b. the identification of ways in which safe operating systems (such as key- pad

or key-fob systems) may be defeated or by-passed and place people at risk. This is particularly relevant where children, members of the public, or persons not familiar with the safe use of any installation have access to powered gates or barriers and may not recognise a risk to their safety.

c. the identification of ways in which persons may be harmed by the gates or barriers should they be activated automatically, or by another person (for example, by a sensor under the road surface activating a gate when a car drives over it, or by a remote button or key fob pressed by a third person)

d. undertaking a risk assessment at the design phase to allow an

opportunity to design out risks at an early stage 2. You have eliminated and/or controlled any risks identified from the

riskassessment(s). Wherever possible risks should be eliminated, but where they need to be controlled technology such as fixed guards, pressure sensitive strips, safety sensor flooring, light barriers or infra-red detectors may help control and/or reduce the risk, but consideration needs to be given to how a person may still be harmed if one of these systems fail. Note that warnings (e.g. signs) may be used to reduce residual risks to an acceptable level.

3. Any component parts (such as motors and motor arms) supplied by separate manufacturers should be installed in accordance with the manufacturer’s guidance, and used in accordance with their instructions for use

4. Persons taking responsibility for the management and maintenance of the gates / barriers should be provided with the appropriate safety documentation, instructions for use, and training in how to operate and maintain the gates / barriers safely. Persons using the gates / barriers regularly should be given appropriate information, instruction and training on how to operate them safely

Issue Date: June 2010 Issue No: 03

Design Supplement E/016 Emergency Switching System - Updated A J Wagg

In certain locations emergency switching should be provided.

Typical situations are:

Workshop supplies in schools and day centres.

These shall use latching mushroom head red colour "Stop" buttons strategically located within the room.

The Contractor controlling these circuits, to have a retractive key switch, so that it can only be switched on by use of a key.


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Intercom Systems E/018

Intercom systems are generally provided at the entrances of School premises and other selected buildings. They are generally installed in conjunction with some form of access control system. Specific requirements should be agreed with the Client.

Issue Date : September 2004

Issue No.: 1

Design Supplement E/019

Access Control systems - Updated A J Wagg

Selected buildings will require access control. This may be as simple as one controlled door, or a complete building system with the associated monitoring and control equipment. All underground cable links must have Lightning Surge Suppression, in addition to that which may be integral with the manufacturer's panels.

Specific requirements should be agreed with the Client.


Design Supplement E/024 Security Systems Security systems should generally be designed and installed by industry Registered Specialist Contractors to meet our specific requirements. Various types of security system may be required within the buildings the most likely being one or all of the following: Intruder alarms Intruder alarms will generally comprise a control panel, space detection, alarm contacts external sounder and generally, remote monitoring facilities. Specific requirements for the particular building, will be provided by the Client Department. CCTV Systems CCTV systems will generally comprise cameras distributed around the site and wired back to a central manned position where monitoring and recording equipment is installed.


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Some more sophisticated systems may have movable cameras with pan tilt and zoom facilities and the associated central control equipment. The extent of any system should be agreed with the Client.

Design Supplement E/025 Maintenance - Thinking About You must carefully and sympathetically consider the consequences for future safe maintenance work on the systems being designed, and the items of plant and equipment being selected. For design to be considered sustainable, you should aim to provide reliability and locally available spares at realistic cost, over the operational life of the equipment along with ease of access to carry out maintenance procedures. The requirement for specialised maintenance should be minimised. You are encouraged to discuss maintenance issues with us and to contribute to the continuing development of this Construction Guide.

Issue Date: September 2004 Issue No: 02 Final Circuits Distribution should be arranged to minimise the length of final circuits. Final circuits should be adequately sized for the intended load, the rating of the protective device, and the anticipated volt drop. The method of wiring should be suitable for the particular environment, and installed in a professional manner with appropriate materials. Generally each piece of fixed equipment should be wired as a dedicated radial circuit. All fixed equipment should be provided with local isolation separate from, and adjacent to, the equipment. All circuit ways should be identified. For further information please refer to Electrical Design Supplement E/008. Issue Date: September 2004 Issue No.: 02

Fire Alarms A fire risk assessment is required of all buildings to determine if a fire alarm system is required. The risk assessment will be informed by the size and type of premises, and the type of occupancy. The results of the fire risk assessment will determine the extent and complexity of the particular alarm system. Advice/approval should also be sought from the WSCC Fire Officer and the local authority Building Control Officer. Changes to existing systems should be carried out using compatible equipment and methods of wiring. Remote monitoring is not generally required. For further information please refer to Electrical Design Supplement E/003. Issue Date: September 2004 Issue No.: 02


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ICTS Most buildings will require some form of ICTS installation. This may be a simple single computer workstation, an ICT computer room or a multi storey Office Block with associated systems cabling. Generally all ICTS cabling installations should be undertaken by WSCC approved specialist contractors (list available). To ensure compatibility with existing WSCC ICT equipment and systems, advice should be sought from the WSCC ICT Services Department before proposals for new installations or modifications to existing installations are put together. It should be noted that there are specific requirements for power supplies to ICT equipment and these will need to be taken into account when preparing proposals. Previous Page Issue Date: September 2004 Issue No: 02

Kiln Installations In general, pottery Kilns will be required to be installed within Primary and Secondary school Art and Craft Rooms.

There are specific requirements for ventilation and interlocks with the kiln controls. We will provide the size of the kiln and the specific operational requirements. Issue Date: September 2004 Issue No: 02

Lifts

Where a building comprises more than a single storey some form of lift is likely to be required. Buildings with changes in level may also require some form of personnel lift. Goods / Service lifts may be required within certain types of premises. All proposals for lifts should take into account the requirements of the Disability Discrimination Act. 1995 The type, capacity, decorative finishes and specific operational features shall be agreed with us. An assessment of the likely type, and frequency of use should be made to assist the selection of appropriate equipment. Where the provision of an evacuation lift has been specified by the client or is a fire safety design requirement, reference must be made to Annex G of BS 9999:2008. Generally the following standards are applicable to new installations. Please refer to Design Supplement E/013.

Passenger Lifts Lift Regulations 1997 Building Regulations 2000 EN 81-1-1998 Safety Rules for the Construction and Installation of Lifts: Part1 Electric Lifts BS 8486-1:2007. Examination and test of new lifts before putting into service. Specification for means of determining compliance with BS EN 81. Electric lifts. Electric Traction Lifts BS 8486-2:2007 - Examination and test of new lifts before putting into service. Specification for means of determining compliance with BS EN 81. Hydraulic lifts BS 8300-2009 Design of buildings and their approaches to meet the needs of disabled people. Code of Practice. All new passenger lifts to be tested to BS 8486-2:2007 testing procedures.


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Platform Lifts In certain situations platform lifts may be considered appropriate. However it should be noted that BS 8300 –2009 advises that the preferred option should be a conventional passenger lift. Where Platform lifts are proposed they should be designed installed tested and commissioned to the requirements of: BS 6440-1999 Powered lifting platforms for use by disabled persons. Code of practice BS 8300-2009 Design of buildings and their approaches to meet the needs of disabled people. Code of Practice.

Service Lifts

BS EN 81-3:2000+A1:2008 Safety Rules for the Construction and Installation of Lifts: Electric and Hydraulic Service Lifts. All new Service lifts to be tested to BS 8486-1:2007 testing procedures.

Stair Lifts In certain situations there may be a requirement to install a stair lift. However this type of lift should only be considered as an option where there has been a thorough evaluation of the possible alternatives and specific details have been agreed with the Council. The relevant standard would be: BS EN 81-40:2008 - Safety rules for the construction and installation of lifts. Special lifts for the transport of persons and goods. Stairlifts and inclined lifting platforms intended for persons with impaired mobility BS 8300-2009 Design of buildings and their approaches to meet the needs of disabled people. Code of Practice.

Modernisation of Existing Lifts Where modernisation or refurbishment of an existing lift is proposed the following standards are relevant.

BS 5655-11:2005 - Lifts and service lifts. Code of practice for the undertaking of modifications to existing electric lifts BS 5655-12:2005 - Lifts and service lifts. Code of practice for the undertaking of modifications to existing hydraulic lifts BS 7255 – 2001 Code of practice for safe working on lifts. BS EN 81-80:2003 - Safety rules for the construction and installation of lifts. Existing lifts. Rules for the improvement of safety of existing passenger and goods passenger lifts Issue Date: June 2010 Issue No: 03

Other Standards/General

Other Standards that may be applicable BS 9999:2008 - Code of practice for fire safety in the design, management and use of buildings BS EN 81-72:2003 - Safety rules for the construction and installation of lifts. Particular applications for passenger and goods passenger lifts. Firefighters lifts BS 5655 part 13 1995- Recommendations for vandal resistant lifts or BS EN 81-


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71:2005 - Safety rules for the construction and installation of lifts. Particular applications to passenger lifts and goods passenger lifts. Vandal resistant lifts.

General On completion of all lift installations, new or refurbished, full testing and commissioning shall be undertaken and the appropriate documentation should be provided as detailed within the relevant standard. Issue Date: June 2010 Issue No: 03

Lighting Interior Lighting Lighting should be designed to provide a high quality environment consistent with required tasks, in accordance with the latest CIBSE Guide. Visual appearance should be considered, as well as the illumination level. Walls and ceilings need to be adequately illuminated to avoid the space looking gloomy. Corridor and entrance lobbies etc. should be provided with flexible and welcoming illumination. Note: in some schools, these areas may be used for teaching purposes and Sports Halls and Main Halls areas are often also used for exams. All luminaires should be of suitable construction for the environment in which they are to be installed, and appropriate for the application. Purpose made luminaires should be avoided and generally the same manufacturer should be used for all luminaires. To simplify maintenance, the number of different luminaires, lamp types, and sizes should be limited. The same lamp colour should be used throughout an installation. The requirements of Building Regulations Part L should be carefully considered. For further information please refer to the attached Electrical Design Supplement E/002

Emergency Lighting Requirements for emergency lighting vary with the type of building, and the particular situation. The extent and complexity of the particular emergency lighting system will be determined by, the type of premises, the type of occupancy, and the results of a fire risk assessment Advice/approval should also be sought from the WSCC Fire Officer and the local authority Building Control Officer. All proposals for emergency lighting should be agreed with us. For further information please refer to the attached Electrical Design Supplement E/004

External Lighting External lighting should be provided, to fulfil the following functions; • To create a welcoming night time ambience • To allow safe entry and exit from the site • To provide a safe exit from the buildings during an emergency • To deter intruders Sky light pollution and nuisance to neighbouring properties should be avoided. Control of external lighting should generally be by means of a time switch with photo- cell override.


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For further information please refer to the attached Electrical Design Supplement E/005 Issue Date: September 2004 Issue No: 02

Maintenance Manuals & Record Drawings Full operating and maintenance manuals should be provided for all works carried out. These should be in the form set out by the Building Services Research and Information Association Technical Note TN1/84, Class D, as explained within BSRIA Application Guide AG 1/87.1. One set of O & M manuals should be in electronic format with written documents being in MS Word and drawings in AutoCAD. Please refer to Electrical Design Supplement E/011. Issue Date: March 2004 Issue No: 001

Master Switching Master switching should be provided within areas where isolation of electrical supplies is required from a single point. Typical situations are: Science Laboratories ICT Rooms Special Purpose Areas (test areas) Issue Date: September 2004 Issue No: 02

Nurse Call Systems All residential homes and certain other premises will require a nurse call system. This will usually comprise of room call units with reassurance lamps signalling back to a central control / indicator panel. Radio systems are preferred to hard-wired systems. Specific requirements should be agreed with us. Issue Date: September 2004 Issue No: 02


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Power Distribution Power distribution from the supply position should be arranged to form a logical network of cables and distribution equipment. Standard ‘’off the shelf’’ equipment should generally be used. Purpose designed and manufactured equipment should be avoided wherever possible. For new installations 25% spare capacity should be allowed for circuit ways, cable containment, and loading capacity. Loads should be distributed evenly across all phases. Adequate space should be provided to enable safe and easy maintenance. Please refer to design supplement E010. Issue Date: September 2004 Issue No: 02

Public Address Systems Certain buildings will require public address systems (generally sports and leisure centres). These normally comprise of a central amplifier with microphone, zone switching unit distribution cabling and loudspeakers, distributed throughout the building. Specific requirements should be agreed with us. Issue Date: September 2004 Issue No: 02

Security Systems Security systems should generally be designed and installed by industry Registered Specialist Contractors to meet our specific requirements. WSCC has a central contact with a security company that carries out maintenance and remote monitoring to fire alarm and security systems. Various types of security system may be required within the buildings the most likely being one or all of the following:

Intruder alarms Intruder alarms will generally comprise a control panel, space detection, alarm contacts external sounder and generally, remote monitoring facilities. Specific requirements for the particular building, will be provided by the Client Department.

CCTV Systems CCTV systems will generally comprise cameras distributed around the site and wired back to a central manned position where monitoring and recording equipment is installed. Some more sophisticated systems may have movable cameras with pan tilt and zoom facilities and the associated central control equipment.. The extent of any system should be agreed with us.

Intercom Systems Intercom systems are generally provided at the entrances of School premises and other selected buildings. They are generally installed in conjunction with some form of access control system. Specific requirements should be agreed with us.


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Access Control systems Selected buildings will require access control. This may be as simple as one controlled door, or a complete building system with the associated monitoring and control equipment. Specific requirements should be agreed with us. Issue Date: September 2004 Issue No: 02

Standards All electrical design and installation work should comply with relevant statutory legislation and in particular the requirements of the current edition of; The Electricity at Work Regulations The IEE Wiring Regulations The Building Regulations The relevant applicable British Standard Code of Practice All installation works must be undertaken by competent qualified NICEIC or ECA registered contractors. Issue Date: September 2004 Issue No: 02

ere multiple outlets are required a distribution amplifier will also be necessary. Specific requirements should be agreed with us. Issue Date: September 2004 Issue No: 02

Utility Supplies General The County Council arranges periodic contracts for the supply of water gas and electricity to County Council owned/occupied properties. Where an electricity supply is required for a green field site and the utility does not exist, we require that this be processed by the Contractor in consultation with WSCC Energy Management Team. Where existing utilities are in place then you are required to contact the existing supplier. You should ensure the service is suitable, with sufficient capacity for its use. The Contractor should always refer back to WSCC Energy Management Team to ensure that the correct Tarrif is agreed. Issue Date: September 2004 Issue No: 02

Workshop Installations In general, Secondary schools will be provided with Design Technology, Engineering, and Woodworking workshops. A whole range of machines may be installed, and a safety stop system is normally provided. Where equipment produces dust, a dust extraction system is normally required. Fire alarm beacons are normally needed in addition to sounders in these areas. Refer to: - BS 4163:2007 - Health and safety for design and technology in schools and similar establishments. Code of practice PD 5304:2005 - Guidance on safe use of machinery


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BS EN ISO 12100-1:2003+A1:2009 - Safety of machinery. Basic concepts, general principles for design. Basic terminology, methodology BS EN ISO 13850:2008 - Safety of machinery. Emergency stop. Principles for design Issue Date: June 2010 Issue No: 03

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