States of MatterStates of Matter

Chapter 3 Section Reviews Chapter 3 Section Reviews

(pg 64 #1-4, pg 67 #1-3, pg 73 #1-4) (pg 64 #1-4, pg 67 #1-3, pg 73 #1-4)

pg 64 #1-4pg 64 #1-4

1.1. List two properties that all particles of List two properties that all particles of matter have in common. matter have in common. They move They move constantly and are attracted to one constantly and are attracted to one another.another.

2.2. Describe solids, liquids, and gases in terms Describe solids, liquids, and gases in terms of shape and volume. of shape and volume. Solids have definite Solids have definite shape and volume. Liquids take the shape shape and volume. Liquids take the shape of their container but have definite of their container but have definite volume. Gases take the shape and volume volume. Gases take the shape and volume of their container.of their container.

pg 64 #1-4pg 64 #1-4

3.3. Why can the volume of a gas Why can the volume of a gas change? change? The volume of a gas The volume of a gas can change because the atoms can change because the atoms or molecules of gas can move or molecules of gas can move closer together due to the large closer together due to the large amount of space between the amount of space between the particles.particles.

pg 64 #1-4pg 64 #1-44.4. Explain what happens inside the Explain what happens inside the

ball when you pump up a flat ball when you pump up a flat basketball. basketball. Pumping up a flat Pumping up a flat basketball increases the number basketball increases the number of atoms and molecules of air in of atoms and molecules of air in the ball. The greater number of the ball. The greater number of particles would cause the particles would cause the pressure in the ball to increase.pressure in the ball to increase.

pg 67 #1-3pg 67 #1-31.1. When a scientists record the When a scientists record the

volume of a gas, why do they volume of a gas, why do they also record the temperature also record the temperature and the pressure? and the pressure? The volume The volume of a gas can be changed by of a gas can be changed by changing the temperature and changing the temperature and the pressure. the pressure.

pg 67 #1-3pg 67 #1-32.2. List two differences between List two differences between

gases and plasma. gases and plasma. Plasmas Plasmas conduct electric current and conduct electric current and are affected by electric and are affected by electric and magnetic fields. magnetic fields.

pg 67 #1-3pg 67 #1-33.3. What happens to the volume of a balloon left What happens to the volume of a balloon left

on a sunny windowsill? Explain.on a sunny windowsill? Explain. The The volume of the balloon will increase. volume of the balloon will increase. Leaving the balloon on a sunny Leaving the balloon on a sunny windowsill will cause the windowsill will cause the temperature of the gas in the temperature of the gas in the balloon to increase. According to balloon to increase. According to Charles’s Law, the volume will Charles’s Law, the volume will increase as the temperature increase as the temperature increases. increases.

pg 73 #1-4pg 73 #1-41.1. Compare endothermic and Compare endothermic and

exothermic changes. exothermic changes. During During endothermic changes, energy endothermic changes, energy is absorbed. During is absorbed. During exothermic changes, energy is exothermic changes, energy is released. released.

pg 73 #1-4pg 73 #1-42.2. Classify each change of state Classify each change of state

(melting, freezing, vaporization, (melting, freezing, vaporization, condensation, and sublimation) condensation, and sublimation) as endothermic or exothermic? as endothermic or exothermic? Exothermic: freezing, Exothermic: freezing, condensation; Endothermic: condensation; Endothermic: melting, vaporization, melting, vaporization, sublimation sublimation

pg 73 #1-4pg 73 #1-43.3. Describe how the motion and Describe how the motion and

arrangement of particles arrangement of particles change as a substance freezes. change as a substance freezes. As a substance freezes, its As a substance freezes, its particles lose some of their particles lose some of their freedom of motion and become freedom of motion and become more orderly. more orderly.

pg 73 #1-4pg 73 #1-44.4. How are evaporation and How are evaporation and

boiling different? How are boiling different? How are they similar?. they similar?. Evaporation Evaporation occurs only at the surface of a occurs only at the surface of a liquid while boiling occurs liquid while boiling occurs throughout a liquid. Bothe are throughout a liquid. Bothe are endothermic processes that endothermic processes that change a liquid to gas. change a liquid to gas.