starter what is the difference between an addition and condensation polymer? write an equation for...
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Starter
• What is the difference between an addition and condensation polymer?
• Write an equation for the polymerisation of two molecules of 3-hydroxypropanoic acid, HOOCCH2CH2OH
Addition Polymerisation
L.O.:•Compare condensation polymerisation with addition polymerisation.
•Suggest the type of polymerisation from a given monomer or pair of monomers, or a given section of a polymer molecule.
•Identify the monomer(s) required to form a given section of a polymer (and vice versa).
Q10 Polymers: Thursday 10/11/2011
EOMT 1.2 Tuesday 15/11/2011
Addition polymerisation of an alkene
Propene monomers forming poly(propene)
POLYMERISATION OF ALKENESPOLYMERISATION OF ALKENES
SPOTTING THE MONOMER
L.O.:
• Describe the acid and base hydrolysis of polyesters and polyamides.
• Outline the role of chemists in the development of degradable polymers.
• Explain that condensation polymers may be photodegradable and may be hydrolysed.
Breaking down condensation polymers
Biodegradable polymer is a polymer that breaks down completely into carbon dioxide and water.
A degradable polymer: is a polymer that breaks down into smaller fragments, when exposed to light, heat or moisture.
Acid and base hydrolysis of the polyester Terylene
Acid and base hydrolysis of the polyamide nylon-6,6
LO: Identify the functional groups in an aliphatic
molecule containing several functional groups.
Predict properties and reactions of aliphatic molecules containing several functional groups.
Devise multi-stage synthetic routes for preparing aliphatic organic compounds.
Organic synthesis of aliphatic compounds
Synthesis of 3-aminopropan-1-ol from 3 chloropropanal
Converting the aldehyde group to an alcohol functional group
Conversion of the halogenoalkane to the amine
Some important aromatic reactions
Week 9
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Structures of benzene and 3-chloronitrobenzene
Week 9
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Converting benzene into nitrobenzene
Week 9
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Chlorination of an aromatic ring
Week 9
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• Explain that the synthesis of pharmaceuticals often requires the production of a single optical isomer.
• Explain that synthetic molecules often contain a mixture of optical isomers, whereas natural molecules often have only one optical isomer.
• Explain that the synthesis of a pharmaceutical that is a single optical isomer increases costs, reduces side effects and improves pharmacological activity.
• Describe strategies for the synthesis of a pharmaceutical with a single optical isomer.
Week 9
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Stereoisomers of thalidomide
Week 9
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Pharmacological activity depends on whether or not a drug can interact with a receptor site in a biological system.
Week 9
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Structure of ibuprofen, used in many medicines to relieve pain