star international - a guide to rs refrigerants · 2018-08-15 · star international, unit 4...

A GUIDE TORS REFRIGERANTS

FROM STAR INTERNATIONAL

NEW DEPOT

NOW OPEN IN

SOUTHAMPTON

Worldwide Marine and Offshore Services

Fifth Edition

For more information visit our website: www.star-international.co.uk

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• Argentina (to be opened shortly) • Australia • Bahrain • Belgium

• Brazil (to be opened shortly) • Canada • China • Cyprus • Denmark • Dubai

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• Netherlands • Nigeria • Philippines • Poland • Russia (to be opened shortly)

• UAE • Singapore • South Africa • Spain • Sweden • Thailand

• United Kingdom • United States

STAR INTERNATIONALNew Warehouses and Head Office, Wirral United Kingdom

Southampton Depot:Star International, Unit 4 Westwood Court, Calmore Industrial Estate,

Totton, Southampton SO40 3WX United Kingdom

For more information visit our website: www.star-international.co.uk 1

RS SERIESZERO ODPDROP-IN

REFRIGERANT

Refrigerant Solutions Limited andStar InternationalWe have great pleasure in announcing that Star International (Part of the Star International Group of Companies) have become the World-Wide Marine & Offshore contact for the supply of all marine & offshore refrigerants from Refrigerant Solutions Limited.

Refrigerant Solutions Limited, the refrigerants specialists, have recently published independently conducted test results, the tests were carried out by the University in Barcelona. Previously, the industry was only used to R12, R22 & R502, R22 being the last of the existing gases, as from 31st December 2014 this was banned in all EC countries.

As the industry became aware that R22 has been phased out and subsequently banned, the major producers came up with many new types of refrigerants, mostly called Four Hundred Series, what the University in Barcelona decided to do was find out which was the best refrigerant to use not only for today but the future, they named the existing refrigerants that are used, R407F, R407A, R404A, R507, R22 & (RS-50) R442A.

The most important factor here is its showing R442A is as good, if not better than R22.

RS Refrigerant Gases

There are a number of different gases available andusers should investigate thoroughly before committingthemselves to a particular gas, mistakes tend to beexpensive. Despite some claims, there is no singlegas that can replace R22 in all applications.

The RS series of refrigerants have been developedand manufactured in the UK. We have worldwideSupport and A1 Safety Classification from ASHRAE.

To learn more about the product range please visitour website at: www.star-international.co.uk.

CONTENTS Page

Refrigerant Solutions Limited and 1Star International

Star Refrigerants 2RS Series of drop-inzero OPD refrigerants

RS Blends 3Refrigerants to replace R22 & R404A

Retrofit Procedure for RS-50 (R442A) 4and RS-70 (R453A)

RS-24 7Zero ODP drop in replacement for R12 & R134A

RS-45 11Replacement for R22 in air conditioning & refrigeration, it is a suitable replacement for R22 in flooded systems

RS-50 15Low global warming replacement for R22, R502, R404A, R4507, R442A, R407A,R407F, R448A and R449A

RS-52 19Zero ODP drop in replacement for R22 at low temperatures, R502, ISCEON 79 (R422A)

RS-70 23All purpose low GWP Drop-in replacement for R22 in air conditioning & refrigerationR407C, R407A, R407F, R422D, R417B & R427A

European Commission F Gas Summary 27

Looking to the future of Refrigerants 29

For more information visit our website: www.star-international.co.uk2

Star Refrigerants - RS Series of drop-in zero ODP refrigerantsAll of the RS series of refrigerants are non ozone depleting with a safety classification of A1 and can be used both withtraditional lubricants (eg mineral and alkyl benzene oils) and the new synthetic lubricants such as polyolnesters. They provide asimple and low cost method of switching away from CFCs and HCFCs including the interim ozone depleting blends.

Refrigerant: RS 24 R426A - Wt: 13kg Product No: 01010071











Refrigerant: RS 70 R453A - Wt: 50kgProduct No: 01010085

RS 24 R426A (Outside EC) - Wt 13kg Product No: 01010083RS 44 R424A (Outside EC) - Wt: 13kg Product No: 01010082RS 45 R434A (Outside EC) - Wt: 13kg Product No: 01010081RS 50 R442A (Outside EC) - Wt: 13kg Product No: 01010090RS 52 R428A (Outside EC) - Wt: 13kg Product No: 01010084RS 70 (Outside EC) - Wt: 13kg Product No: 01010091

Cylinder - 13 Ltr Cylinder - 60 Ltr Disposables - DOT-39

HFCs Refrigerants

Refrigerant: R134A - Wt: 13kgProduct No: 01010004Refrigerant: R404A - Wt: 10kgProduct No: 01010006Refrigerant: R407C - Wt: 13kgProduct No: 01010008Refrigerant: R417A - Wt: 10kg Product No: 01010034Refrigerant: R410A - Wt: 11kg Product No: 01010010Refrigerant: R422A - Wt: 10kgProduct No: 01010068Refrigerant: R422D - Wt: 11kg Product No: 01010063Refrigerant: R437A - Wt: 12kg Product No: 01010013

Refrigerant: R134A - Wt: 57kgProduct No: 01010005Refrigerant: R404A - Wt: 49kgProduct No: 01010006Refrigerant: R407C - Wt: 57kgProduct No: 01010009Refrigerant: R417A - Wt: 57kgProduct No: 01010033Refrigerant: R410A - Wt: 48kg Product No: 01010011Refrigerant: R422A - Wt: 53kg Product No: 01010066Refrigerant: R422D - Wt: 52kg Product No: 01010015Refrigerant: R437A - Wt: 57kg Product No: 01010080

Cylinder - 13 Ltr Cylinder - 60 Ltr

*All disposable cylinders can only be supplied outside EU

Retest and refurbishing of all refrigerants Cylinders/TanksAll cylinders are tested to the following standards: • BS EN 1968 • BS EN 1803 • BS EN 1802

Retest/refurbishmentRefrigerant Cylinder Retest - up to 60L Product No: 01010023High Pressure Cylinder Retest - up to 50L Product No: 01010030Internal Shot blast Product No: 01010075Internal Oil Wash Product No: 01010022External Prime and Top Coat Product No: 01010087External Blast, Prime & Top Coat Product No: 01010088Assemble and Supply Vapour / Liquid Valves Product No: 01010089

Refrigerant ProcessingOil/Water/Nitrogen Product No: 01010076Removal

Distillation Product No: 01010077

Waste Product/Refrigerants Product No: 01010026Disposal

Refrigerant: AmmoniaWt: 108 Ltr Product No: 01010028

Recovery CylinderWt: 55.5 Ltr Product No: 01010019

Additional Items


RS BlendsRefrigerants to replace R22 & R404A

GeneralAll the RS range of refrigerants, with the exception of RS-50 (R442A) can be used with traditional lubricants (egmineral oil) and also polyol ester oils (POE).

RS-70R453A

R22 DROP-IN ZERO ODP

RS-45R434A

R22 DROP-INZERO ODP

RS-52R428A

R22 & R502 DROP-IN ZERO

ODP

RS-50R442A

RS-24 (R426A)Zero ODP Drop-in Replacement for R12No oil change required, compatible with all lubricants. The easy and long-term solutionto replacing R12 and R134A

RS-45 (R434A)Primarily for refrigeration applications at medium to low temperatures down to -35˚C.Proven suitable replacement for R22 in flooded systems with low temperature glide.

RS-50 (R442A)Low GWP Drop-in replacement for R404A & R507 with higher efficiency and capacity. Can also replace R22 at low temperature with change of lubricant to POE.and also replaces R502, R507, R442A, R507A, R407F, R448A and R449A.

RS-52 (R428A)Drop-in replacement for the range of ozone depleting blends including R402A,R404B, R403B, R408A, R422A and R411B.

RS-70 (R453A)Suitable for use in both air conditioning & refrigeration applications. Suitable for usein systems with a capillary or TXV with similar mass flow to R22. Lowest GWP Drop-in replacement for R22 on the market.

RS-24R426A

R12 DROP-INZERO ODP

Gas Cylinders Cylinder weights available for all gases: 13kg Disposable, 10kg/50kg Refillable. For our full range of gases please see page 24 of this brochure.

Ordering information can be found on our website: www.star-international.co.uk

Original refrigerants available through Star International• R134A - 13kg / 57kg • R410A - 10kg / 49kg• R404A - 10kg / 49kg • R417A - 12kg / 58kg• R407C - 13kg / 57kg • R422D - 11kg / 52kg• R407A - 11kg / 57kg • R507 - 10kg / 49kg


RS-50(R422A)

Star International

R404A & R507

RETROFIT PROCEDURE TO REPLACE R404A , R502, R507,R442A, R407A, R407F, R448A, R449A

RS-50 (R442A)

RS-50R442A

Replacing any of the above refigerants with RS-50 essentially will follow the procedure specified by the equipment manufacturer for a refrigerant change. Since RS-50 is zeotropic, itis very important that liquid refrigerant, not vapour, be removed from the R449A container andadded to the system.

1. Ensure the right equipment is available, eg recovery unit and cylinders, container for recovered lubricant, vacuum pump, weighing scales, replacement drier etc.

2. Before removing the existing refrigerant, operate the unit under standard operating conditions and record the pressures, temperatures and any other relevant measurable data to establish unit performance. Typically, the appropriate standard conditions for setting up the unit will have already been specified by the equipment supplier.

3. Recover and weigh the existing refrigerant from the unit. The weight should be within the range specified by equipment manufacturer.

4. Replace the filter/drier and evacuate the system.

5. As in the case of existing refrigerant, RS-50 should be used with a polyol ester lubricant.

6. Before operating the unit, charge the unit with liquid RS-50. The weight added at this stage should be approximately 10% lower than the existing refrigerant charge specified by the equipment manufacturer.

7. Operate the unit under conditions similar to those used in Step 2, closely watching the liquid line sight glass, the compressor oil level sight glass and the suction superheat.

8. RS-50 has a lower liquid flow rate than existing refrigerant so that it may be necessary to replace the expansion device with a valve approximately 40% smaller.

9. The evaporator superheat should be checked and changed as necessary by adjusting the TX valve.

10. If the equipment manufacturer recommends charging existing refrigerant by evaporator superheat or liquid sub-cooling, use the same amount of superheat or sub-cooling for RS-50.

11. If a liquid line sight-glass is fitted, charge to a full glass gradually adding more liquid RS-50 until only liquid is passing through the expansion valve. Do not overcharge the system.

12. Adjust the expansion device superheat setting as required.

13. Check system thoroughly for leaks.

14. Remove all existing refrigerant labels and clearly label system RS-50.

Retrofit procedure for RS-50 (R442A)and RS-70 (R442A)


RS-50R442A

The retrofit procedure for RS-70 (R453A) is as follows:

1. Ensure the right equipment is available, eg recovery unit and cylinders, container for recovered lubricant, vacuum pump, weighing scales, replacement drier etc.

2. Record baseline data to establish the normal operating conditions for the equipment.

3. Weigh recovered amount of R22 to determine amount of RS-70 to add.

4. Record the amount of oil removed from the compressor since this quantity will need to be recharged.

5. Charge the compressor with lubricant. If in doubt, consult the compressor manufacturer.

6. Replace the filter/drier.

7. Check & replace any seals near the end of their serviceable life & in particular critical seals, eg shaft seals, since some elastomeric seals can be adversely affected by a change from R22 to an HFC (any HFC not just RS-70).

8. Having evacuated the system to a full vacuum, liquid charge with RS-70 an amount equal to the original charge of R22.

9. Start the system and adjust the expansion device as required.

10. Avoid overcharging the system.

11. Additional RS-70 may be required but avoid overcharging. If a liquid line sight-glass is fitted, charge to a full glass (small amounts of bubbles in the glass may be normal with refrigerant blends). If the equipment manufacturer recommends charging R22 by evaporator superheat or liquid sub-cooling, use the same amount of superheat or sub-cooling for RS-70.

RETROFIT PROCEDURE TO REPLACE R417A, R422D, R424A,R434A, R417B, R438A, R407C, R427A, R421A, R422B, R462A

RS-70 (R453A)

RS-70(R453A)

Star International


Warning: It is highly recommended that the thermostatic expansion valve be checkedand adjusted to compensate for small differences in the pressure temperaturerelationship of the replacement refrigerant when compared to the original refrigerant.

Failure to check and adjust the valve could allow liquid refrigerant to enter the compressor and damage bearings and other compressor components.

RS SERIES OF REFRIGERANTS PRESSURE/TEMPERATURE CHARTS

RS Series Pressure/Temperature charts indicate both liquid bubble point and vapour dew point of the RSSeries Refrigerant.

Liquid Bubble Point

this is the temperature which the liquid refrigerant will begin to vaporize at the given pressure. Below thistemperature the liquid refrigerant will be sub-cooled.

Vapour Dew Point

this is the temperature at which refrigerant vapour will begin to condense at the given pressure. Above thistemperature the refrigerant vapour will be superheated.

Evaporator Vapour Superheat

To determine evaporator superheat, measure the suction line temperature at the outlet pipe of the evaporatorand measure the suction pressure at the outlet pipe of the evaporator.

Using the Pressure/Temperature chart, determine the vapour dew point for the measured suction pressure.Subtract the determined dew point from the actual temperature and this difference is the evaporator superheat.

Condenser Liquid Sub-Cooling

To determine condenser sub-cooling, measure the temperature of the outlet pipe of the condenser andmeasure the condenser pressure at the outlet pipe of the condenser.

Using the Pressure/Temperature chart, determine the liquid bubble point for the measured condenser pressure. Subtract the measured temperature from the determined bubble point and this difference is the condenser liquid sub-cooling.

Retrofit procedure for RS-50 (R442A) and RS-70 (R442A)


RS-24 (R426A)

• Suitable for all applications including mobile air conditioning• No need to change the existing lubricant avoiding expensive retrofit• Avoids risks associated with a ‘dirty retrofit’ using R134a and mineral oil• The use of RS-24 enables oil return to the compressor• No hardware changes required• Avoids the use of hygroscopic and costly synthetic lubricants

• Lower discharge temperatures• Zero ozone depletion potential• Non-flammable• An almost perfect performance match to replace R12 in vehicle air conditioning• Available in returnable and disposable cylinders• Suitable for new and existing plant and equipment• Easy to recycle

Drop-in and long-term R12 replacement

RS-24 is an easy-to-use Drop-in replacement for R12. There is no need to change the existing lubricant in thesystem, thereby avoiding a costly retrofit. RS-24 also provides a long term solution to replacing R12 in most applications such as hermetic and semi-hermetic systems, domestic refrigerators, refrigerated transport, coldstores, cellar cooling, dairy chillers, vending machines and including mobile air conditioning.

The properties of RS-24 make it an almost perfect match for R12 with its compatibility for traditional and synthetic lubricants, similar performance, lower discharge temperature, non-flammability and relatively short atmospheric lifetime. Performance relative to R12 is illustrated in charts 1, 2 and 3. It is this combination of properties which makes RS-24 unique as a replacement for R12 on the market today.

Lubricants

RS-24 can be used safely with both thetraditional and new synthetic lubricants,and consequently there is no need tochange the oil when replacing R12.RS-24 eliminates the risk of a compressorburn-out which can occur by simplyreplacing R12 with R134a without reducing the mineral oil content in the system to the recommended maximum 5%.

The solubility of RS-24 in mineral oil enables oil return to the compressor.

Chart 1

✓ ✓✓

Zero ODP Drop-in Replacement for R12No oil change required Compatible with all lubricantsThe easy and long-term solution to replacing R12

R12 CapacityRS-24 Capacity

Temperature

Temperature

60

5000

40

3000

20

1000

0

1

9

50

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-50 -40 -30 -20 -10 0 10 20 30 40Evaporator Temperature °C

Dis

char

ge T

empe

ratu

re °C

Cap

acity

kJ/

kg.m

3

Refrigeration: Capacity v Evaporator Temperature

RS-24R426A

R12 DROP-INZERO ODP


Chart 2

Existing EquipmentRS-24 can be charged into a refrigeration or airconditioning system previously operating on R12without changing the oil or making any alterations tothe equipment. Because RS-24 has a lower densitythan R12 (and R134a), less product is required thanthe R12 it replaces (typically 90%).

With its ability to use traditional and synthetic lubricants. RS-24 makes a replacement the R12 in all applications simple, straightforward and cost effective. RS-24 should not be added to a systemwhich still contains R12.

New EquipmentRS-24 is also suitable for use in new equipment as azero ODP replacement for R12. Avoiding the use ofexpensive and hygroscopic lubricants reduces costsand significantly reduces the risk of ingress of moisture into the system.

The EnvironmentNone of the components of RS-24 contains chlorineso that the refrigerant has no ability to deplete theozone layer.

As is the case with all hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs),RS-24 does have a direct global warming potential(GWP), but this is counterbalanced by its lower TotalEquivalent Warming Impact (TEWI) than R12. RS-24has a relatively short atmospheric lifetime of approximately 15 years which is at the lower end ofthe main HFCs available today and compares to 102years in the case of R12.

SafetyRS-24 has been independently tested and meets the ASTM 681-98 test of being non-flammable as formulated.

The components of RS-24 have been subjected totoxicity tests carried out by the Programme for Alternative Fluorocarbon Toxicology (PAFT) and have been declared to be of low toxicity. Health and safety data is available on request.

0

1000

2000

3000

4000

5000

R12 capacityRS-24 capacity

Evaporator Temperature °C

Cap

acity

kJ/

kgm

3

-10 -5 0 5 10 15 20 25 30

ServicingBecause RS-24 is a blend, the recommendation isto charge the refrigerant into the system in liquidform. A full service and conversion guide is availableon request.

RS-24 in Low Temperature RefrigerationUnder certain circumstances, at low evaporator temperatures, poor oil miscibility can result in problems with compressor lubrication. At evaporatortemperatures below -2˚C, migration of oil to the evaporator can result in a lack of lubrication in thecompressor. If such conditions apply, then the recommendation is to change to a polyol ester lubricant to facilitate oil return to the compressor.

There is no need to drain all the existing oil from thesystem. Simply remove as much of the mineral oilcharge as is practicable and refill to the appropriatelevel using POE lubricant.

Chart 3

Mobile Air Conditioning: Capacity v Evaporator Temperature

Discharge Temperature v Condenser Temperature

40 50 60 70 80 90

Condenser Temperature ˚C

140

120

100

80

60

Disc

harg

e Te

mpe

ratu

re ˚C

RS-24R426A

R12 DROP-INZERO ODP


Atmospheric lifetime Global warming potential

Year

s

120100806040200

GMP

1000080006000400020000

R12RS-24

RS-24 Pressure-enthalpy Chart

Pres

sure

(bar

a)

Enthalpy (kJ/kg)

Key

saturation line

constant entropy line kJ/kg.K

constant temperature line ˚C

constant glide ˚C

constant specific volume m3/kg

Reference State (IIR):

For liquid at 0˚C

Enthalpy = 200 kJ/kg

Entropy = 1kJ/kg.K

RS-24R426A

R12 DROP-INZERO ODP


RS-24 Physical Properties

PROPERTY RS-45 R22

Molecular Weight 102.6 120.9

Boiling Point (1 atm) ˚C -28.6(1) -29.8

˚F -19.5(1) -21.6

Temperature glide ˚C 4 0

Critical temperature ˚C 101.0 112.0

˚F 213.8 233.6

Critical pressure kPa 4097 4116

psia 594 597

Liquid density at 25˚C kg/m3 1184 1311

Density of saturated vapour at 25˚C kg/m3 30.9 37.3

Specific heat of liquid at 25˚C kJ/kg˚C 1.45 1.00

Specific heat of vapour at 1 atm and 25˚C kJ/kg˚C 0.863 0.606

Vapour pressure at 25˚C kPa 707(1) 643

psai 102.6(1) 93.3

Latent heat of vaporisation at boiling point kj/kg 218 165

Ozone Depletion Potential ODP 0 1

Flammability limit in air (1 atm) vol% None None

Inhalation exposure (8hr day and 40hr week) ppm 1000 1000

(1)Bubble point

RS-24R426A

R12 DROP-INZERO ODP


RS-45 (R434A)

• Suitable in OEM & retrofit applications• Close match for R22 in cooling capacity• Low temperature glide• Near azeotropic property widens application range• Compatible with MO, AB & POE lubricants• Effective in low & high temperature applications

Zero ODP replacement for R22 in new & existing systems, & compatible with all lubricants

RS-45 with its high cooling capacity compliments RS-44 (R424A), and is compatible with all types of lubricants.RS-45 replaces R22 in both refrigeration & air conditioning applications. With its low glide (one third of R407C),RS-45 can be used in a wide range of applications. RS-45 provides Original Equipment Manufacturers with analternative to R407C but without the problems associated with a wide glide.

RS-45 is compatible both with the traditional mineral & alkylbenzene oils, and also the new polyol ester lubricants. Consequently, R22 can be replaced by RS-45 in both new equipment & in retrofit situations offeringconsiderable cost savings, where the cost of converting to alternatives such as R407C is either prohibitively expensive or technically unsatisfactory (or both).

Replacement for R22 in air conditioning & refrigeration andNear azeotropic replacement for R407CCompatible with mineral , alkyl benzene & polyol ester lubricants

Performance Characteristics• Same compression ratio as R22• Application in systems with a variable expansion device• Considerably lower discharge temperature than R22• Zero Ozone Depletion Potential• Non flammable & low toxicity

0

0.5

1

1.5

2

2.5

3

3.5

4

4.5

5

25 30 35 40 45 50 55 600

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000

3500

4000

4500

R22 COPRS-45 COP

R22 Capacity

RS-45 Capacity

COP

RS-45 Capacity & Coefficient of Performance – Air conditioning

Condensing Temperature ˚C

Capa

city

kW

/m3

RS-45R434A

R22 DROP-INZERO ODP


Because RS-45 is a close match for R22 with similar cooling capacity, energy efficiency, pressures & low glide, it is suited for use in new equipment by Original Equipment Manufacturers where it has significant advantagesover R407C. RS-45 does not suffer from the inherent disadvantages of R407C & presents OEMs with a realisticalternative when deciding on a replacement for R22. Owing to the fact that RS-45 is compatible with mineral &alkylbenzene lubricants, it is suitable for use as a Dropin replacement for R22 in systems which contain an expansion device.

In systems with a capillary tube or fixed orifice, RS-44 (R424A) is the preferred product. Applications for RS-45include but are not restricted to air conditioning, refrigerated transport, supermarkets, dairy chillers, cold stores,beer cellars, water chillers and others.

Applications

0

0.5

1

1.5

2

2.5

3

-40 -35 -30 -25 -20 -15 -10 -5 00

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000

R22 COP

RS-45 COP

R22 Capacity

RS-45 Capacity

COP

RS-45 Capacity & Coefficient of Performance – Refrigeration

Evaporating Temperature ˚C

Capa

city

k

RS-45 is a near azeotropic blend with a glide of1.5˚C which compares to R407’s glide of 5˚C. The high glide of R407C can result in icing up ofthe evaporator and fractionation of the blend whichresults in high pressures in the condenser and reduced performance. Consequently, the applicationrange of R407C is limited and for example, is notsuitable for use in flooded systems, chillers, lowtemperature refrigeration, refrigerated transport,cold stores and other applications.

RS-45 overcomes these problems with its highcooling capacity, energy efficiency and nearazeotropic features as well as being compatiblenot only with synthetic lubricants such as polyolesters but also mineral & alkylbenzene oils. RS-45 is suitable for use in both air conditioningand refrigeration applications

Low Glide Alternative to R407C

Glid

e K

RS-45 Glide


R407C

RS-45

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

-40 -30 -20 -10 0 10 20

R407C GlideRS-45 Glide

Evaporator Glide

RS-45R434A

R22 DROP-INZERO ODP


Flooded SystemsRS-45 has replaced HCFC 22 satisfactorily inflooded systems with very similar performanceto HCFC 22.

Compression RatioHigh compression ratios can result in increasedenergy expenditure and the potential for compressor damage. RS-45 has a compressionratio which matches R22 across the range ofapplications where R22 is commonly found.

LubricantsRS-45 is compatible with both the traditional andnew synthetic lubricants so that there is no needto change the oil when converting from R22 toRS-45. RS-45 is suitable for use with mineral,alkylbenzene and polyol ester oils.

SafetyRS-45 (R434A) has been awarded a safety classification of A1, namely of low toxicity andnon flammable, by the American Society ofHeating, Refrigerating and Air ConditioningEngineers (ASHRAE).

COP

Discharge Temperature: Refrigeration


0

0.5

1

1.5

2

2.5

3

-40 -35 -30 -25 -20 -15 -10 -5 00

50

100

150

200

250

R22 COP

RS-45 COP

R22 Discharge Temperature

RS-45 Discharge Temperature

Disc

harg

e Te

mpe

ratu

re ˚C


ServicingBecause RS-45 is a blend, it should be charged into thesystem in the liquid as opposed to vapour form. There isno need to make any hardware changes when convertingfrom R22 to RS-45 but there may be a need to adjust theexpansion device.

0.1

1

10

100

100 200 300 400 500 600 700

K ey:

-60 604020--40 1.6 1.81.7 2.11.9 2.01.5

1.5

0.04

0.2

0.1

0.06

0.01

0.01

0.025

0.00

1.0

0.4

0.1

0.6

100

0

40

6

-60

12

-40

-20

2

80

Pr

essu

re (b

ara)

Enthalpy (kJ/kg)

saturation lineconstant entropy line kJ/kg.Kconstant temperature line 0Cconstant specific volume m 3/kg

Reference State (IIR):For liquid at 0˚CEnthalpy = 200 kJ/kgEntropy = 1 kJ/kg.K

RS-45 (R434A) Pressure-enthalpy chart

RS-45R434A

R22 DROP-INZERO ODP


RS-45 (R434A) Physical Properties

PROPERTY RS-45 R22


Boiling point (1 atm) ˚C -44.9(1) -40.8 ˚F -48.8(1) -41.4

Critical Temperature ˚C 77.83 96.1 ˚F 172.1 204.8

Critical Pressure bara 39.31 49.9 psia 570.2 724

Liquid Density (25˚C) kg/m3 1096 1191

Density of saturated vapour (25˚C) kg/m3 53.1 44.2

Latent Heat of Vaporisation at kJ/kg 190(1) 234boiling point

Cv (25˚C & 1bara) kJ/kg.K 0.775 0.559

Cp (25˚C & 1bara) kJ/kg.K 0.861 0.662

Vapour Pressure (25˚C) bara 11.8(1) 10.4 psia 163(1) 151

Vapour Viscosity (25˚C & 1 bara) cP 0.0128 0.0126

Liquid Viscosity (25˚C) cP 0.136 0.166

Liquid Thermal Conductivity (25˚C) W/m.K 0.0665 0.0837

Surface Tension (25˚C) N/m 0.00528 0.00808

Specific heat of liquid (25˚C) kJ/kg.K 1.50 1.26

Ozone Depletion Potential ODP 0 0.055

Flammability limit in air (1 atm) vol% none none

Inhalation exposure (8 hour day ppm 1000 1000& 40 hour week)

(1) Bubble Point

RS-45R434A

R22 DROP-INZERO ODP


RS-50 (R442A)

• Suitable in OEM & retrofit applications• Close match for R22 in cooling capacity• Low temperature glide• Near azeotropic property widens application range• Compatible with MO, AB & POE lubricants• Effective in low & high temperature applications

Low global warming & higher efficiency replacement for R404A & R507RS-50 has a Global Warming Potential (GWP) of less than one half of R404A together with a higher efficiencywhich delivers energy savings and a lower contribution to global warming.

RS-50 can be used to replace R404A in both new and existing equipment. Mass flow of RS-50 is lower thanR404A and R507 so that reducing the opening of the expansion device may be required. No changes to otherhardware are necessary. A significant increase in energy efficiency compared to R404A and R507 can be expected. Users will achieve a lower carbon footprint due to the lower direct GWP of the refrigerant and its inherent higher efficiency.

Low global warming replacement for R404A, R507 and R22 in refrigeration

Performance Characteristics• Same compression ratio as R22• Application in systems with a variable expansion device• Considerably lower discharge temperature than R22• Zero Ozone Depletion Potential• Non flammable & low toxicity

Replacement for R22 in refrigeration applicationsRS-50 is a non ozone depleting and non flammable replacement for R22 in medium and low temperature refrigeration applications. The efficiency and cooling capacity of RS-50 provides a close match for R22 in overallsystem performance. Flow rate is identical to R22 which avoids the need to change or alter existing pipework.

Global Warming Potentials Refrigerant Capacities

Capa

city

(kJ/

m^

3)

Evaporating Temperature (˚C)

0.0

500.0

1000.0

1500.0

2000.0

2500.0

3000.0

3500.0

-40 -30 -20 -10 0

R 442A

R404A

R407A

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000

3500

4000

4500

R507 R404A R407A R442A

RS-50R442A


ApplicationsBecause the properties of RS-50 are similar to R404A, it is suitable for use in many of the applications whereR404A is commonly found including supermarket display cases, cold stores, freezers, refrigerated transport, ice machines, cold storage, transportation of foodstuffs, freezer cabinets, beer cellars, freeze dryers and environmental test chambers. R22 is also used in many of these refrigeration applications where RS-50 can be a suitable replacement.

ApplicationsBecause the properties of RS-50 are similar toR404A, it is suitable for use in many of the applications where R404A is commonly found including supermarket display cases, cold stores,freezers, refrigerated transport, ice machines, coldstorage, transportation of foodstuffs, freezer cabinets, beer cellars, freeze dryers and environmental test chambers.

R22 is also used in many of these refrigeration applications where RS-50 can be a suitable replacement.

LubricantsRS-50 is compatible with the same (POE) lubricantswhich are commonly used with R404A so that thereis no need to change the oil when converting fromR404A to RS-50.

When replacing R22 with RS-50, the lubricant shouldbe changed to a polyol ester oil.

SafetyRS-50 is non flammable under all conditions of fractionation as per ASHRAE Standard 34. The components of RS-50 have been subjected totoxicity tests carried out by Alternative FluorocarbonsEnvironmental Acceptability Study (AFEAS), and havebeen declared to be of low toxicity.

RS-50 has been designated a refrigerant number ofR442A by the ASHRAE with a safety classification of A1.

ServicingBecause RS-50 is a blend, it should be charged intothe system in the liquid as opposed to vapour form.There is no need to make hardware changes whenconverting from R404A to RS-50 other than reducingthe opening of the expansion device.

Because RS-50 has a similar flow rate to R22, thereis no need to adjust or change the expansion deviceduring a retrofit.

COP


0

0.5

1

1.5

2

2.5

3

3.5

4

-40 -30 -20 -10 0

R442A

R404A

Mass Flow Rates

Evaporator Temperature ˚C

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

-40 -30 -20 -10 0

R442A

R404A

Mas

s Fl

ow R

ate

(g/s

)CO

P

RS-50R442A


Pres

sure

(bar

a)

Enthalpy (kJ/kg)


RS-50R442A

REFRIGERATION RS-50-35˚C evap HP62 AZ-50 RS-50 Klea 60 Performax LT

+35˚C cond R22 R502 R404A R507 R442A R407A R407F

Discharge Bara 14.0 7 15.30 16.73 17.16 16.80 15.94 16.67pressure

Discharge temp ˚C 156.0 99.0 89.0 89.0 132.0 119.0 132.0

Capacity kJ/m3 622 648 643 660 657 606 650

COP 1.27 1.23 1.17 1.17 1.23 1.23 1.23

Compression 11.4 10.2 10.5 10.6 12.6 12.9 12.7ratio

Glide (evaporator) K 0 0 0.5 0 4.6 4.2 4.4

Flow rate kg/s*10^2 6.27 10.05 9.33 9.67 6.27 7.01 6.25

GWP IPCC 2007 AR4 1810 5630 3922 3985 1888 2107 1825



PROPERTY RS-50 R404A R22

Molecular Weight 81.8 97.6 86.5

Boiling point (1 atm) ˚C -46.5(1) -46.2(1) -40.8(1)

˚F -51.6(1) -51.2(1) -41.5(1)

Temperature Glide K 4.6 0.5 0

Critical Temperature ˚C 82.4 72.1 96.1 ˚F 180.3 161.7 205.1

Critical Pressure bara 47.6 37.3 49.9 psia 690 541 724

Liquid Density (25˚C) kg/m3 1108 1044 1191

Density of saturated vapour (25˚C) kg/m3 47.7 65.3 44.2

Latent Heat of Vaporisation at boiling point kJ/kg 266(1) 200(1) 234

Cv (25˚C & 1bara) kJ/kg.k 0.727 0.784 0.559

Cp (25˚C & 1bara) kJ/kg.k 0.838 0.877 0.662

Cp/Cv (25˚C & 1 bara) 1.152 1.118 1.185

Vapour Pressure (25˚C) bara 13.3(1) 12.6(1) 10.4 psia 192(1) 182(1) 151

Vapour Viscosity (25˚C & 1 bara) cP 0.0126 0.0120 0.0126

Liquid Viscosity (25˚C) cP 0.141 0.128 0.164

Liquid Thermal Conductivity (25˚C) W/m.K 0.0857 0.0636 0.0835

Surface Tension (25˚C) N/m 0.00661 0.00455 0.00808

Specific heat of liquid (25˚C) kJ/kg.K 1.58 1.54 1.26

Ozone Depletion Potential ODP 0 0 0.055

Flammability limit in air (1 atm) vol% none none none

Inhalation exposure (8 hour day & 40 hour week) ppm 1000 1000 1000

(1) Bubble Point

RS-50R442A


RS-52 (R428A)

• Close performance match for R502• Can replace R22 in low temperature applications• Compatible with MO, AB & POE lubricants• Lower discharge temperatures• Near azeotropic blend• Suitable for new & existing equipment

Zero ODP replacement for R22 & R502 ozone depleting blends & compatible with all lubricantsRS-52 is a non ozone depleting near azeotropic refrigerant blend which can replace R22, R502 and the interimozone depleting blends including R402A, R403B, R408A & R411B without the need to change the existinglubricant or make any changes to the system other than adjustment to the expansion device in some cases. RS-52 is targeted towards lower temperature applications. RS-52 is compatible with all lubricants including both the traditional oils such as mineral and alkylbenzene oils and also the new synthetic polyol ester lubricants. Converting to RS-52 is a straightforward process which avoids a costly and often technically unsatisfactoryretrofit (eg draining the oil from the system, replacing the seals etc). RS-52 is a capacity match for R502 and hasa temperature glide of less than 1oC. RS-52 can also replace R22 in systems which are rated for R502. RS-52is suitable for use in flooded systems

Zero ODP Drop-in replacement for R22 at low temperatures, R502 and interim ozone depleting blends

No oil change Compatible with all lubricants No change of hardware

Performance Characteristics• Capacity match for R502• Low temperature glide <1˚C• Zero Ozone Depletion Potential• Non flammable• Low toxicity• No changes to hardware needed

COP

RS-52 Capacity & Coefficient of Performance


Capa

city

kJ/

m^

3

✓ ✓ ✓

The high capacity of RS-52 qualifies its useas a direct replacement for R502, R403B(69L), R402A (HP80), R408A (FX10) & R411Bwithout any loss of performance. Dischargepressures are similar to R507 and R404A.The high capacity of RS-52 at low temperatures is a prominent feature of this new refrigerant.

High Capacity

Open System: 35˚C Condenser

RS-52R428A


ODP


RS-52 is compatible with both the traditional and new synthetic lubricants so that there is no need to changethe oil when converting to RS-52. RS-52 is suitable for use with mineral, alkylbenzene and polyol ester oils.RS-52 avoids the costly and often technically unsatisfactory changeover to the new synthetic lubricants required of a full retrofit to R404A.

Lubricants

Disc

harg

e Te

mpe

ratu

re ˚C

RS-52 Discharge Temperature


Open System: Discharge Temperature

RS-52 has lower discharge temperatures,particularly compared to R22, which providesconsiderable operating benefits including animprovement in the reliability of the system andavoidance of lubricant breakdown.

Discharge Temperature

RS-52 is suitable for use in applications where R22,R502, R403B (69L), R402A (HP80), R408A (FX10) andR411B are commonly found including, but not restricted to, supermarket display cases, icemachines, cold storage, transportation of foodstuffs,freezer cabinets, freeze dryers & environmental testchambers.

Applications

Safety

RS-52 (R428A) has been awarded a safety classification of A1, namely of low toxicity and non flammable, bythe American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air Conditioning-Engineers (ASHRAE).

New Equipment

RS-52 with its rapid pull-down feature is suitable for use in new equipment with the added benefit of being ableto be used with both the traditional & new synthetic lubricants.

Servicing

Because RS-52 is a blend, it should be charged into the system in the liquid as opposed to vapour form. Vapourfilling is possible when the total cylinder contents are charged into the system. Because RS-52 is a nearazeotrope it has a very low temperature glide of less than 1˚C.

Technical Data

Technical data including thermodynamic tables, physical properties, retrofit guidelines, materials of compatibility,questions & answers etc are available from the web site.

RS-52R428A


ODP


Pres

sure

(bar

a)

Enthalpy (kJ/kg)


saturation lineconstant entropy line kJ/kg.Kconstant temperature line ˚Cconstant specific volume m 3/kg

Reference State (IIR):For liquid at 0˚CEnthalpy = 200 kJ/kgEntropy = 1 kJ/kg.K

RS-52R428A


ODP

RS-52 COMPARATIVE TABLEPROPERTIES RS-52 R502 ISCEON 79 (R422A) Composition %HCFC 22 48.8CFC 115 51.2HFC 125 60.5 85.1HFC 143a 37HFC 134a 11.5Butane R600 1Isobutane R600a 1.5 3.4Molecular Weight 101.3 111.6 113.6Boiling point1 (1 atm) ˚C -46.7 -45.4 -48.6 ˚F -52.1 -49.7 -55.5Temperature Glide K 0.8 0.2 3.5Critical Temperature ˚C 73.0 82.2 71.7 ˚F 163.4 180 161.06Critical Pressure bara 38.1 40.7 37.5 psia 552 591 543Liquid Density (25˚C) kg/m3 1053 1217 1134Vapour Pressure (25˚C) bara 12.68 11.5 12.83Liquid Thermal Conductivity (25˚C) W/m.K 0.0658 0.0629 0.062Specific heat of liquid (25˚C) kJ/kg.K 1.526 1.25 1.1Ozone Depletion Potential ODP 0 0.34 0Flammability limit in air (1 atm) vol% None None NoneInhalation exposure (8 hour day & 40 hour week) ppm 1000 1000 1000



PROPERTY RS-52 R502


Boiling Point at 1 atm ˚C -46.7 -45.4 ˚F -52.1 -49.7

Temperature glide K 0.8 0.2

Critical temperature ˚C 73.0 82.2 ˚F 163.4 180

Critical pressure bara 38.1 40.7 psia 552 591

Liquid density at 25˚C kg/m3 1053 1217

Density of saturated vapour at 25˚C kg/m3 70.2 62.2

Latent heat of vaporisation at boiling point kj/kg 189.2 173

Cp at 25˚C and 1 atm kJ/kg.K 0.8737 0.6914

Cv at 25˚C and 1 bara kJ/kg.K 0.7846 0.6112

Cp at 25˚C and 1 bara kJ/kg.K 0.8735 0.6912

Cp/Cv at 25˚C and 1 bara 1.113 1.131

Vapour pressure at 25˚C bara 12.68 11.5 psai 183.9 167

Vapour viscosity at 25˚C and 1 bara cP 0.01225 0.01288

Liquid viscosity at 25˚C cP 0.1279 0.1425

Liquid thermal conductivity at 25˚C W/m.K 0.0658 0.0629

Surface tension at 25˚C N/m 0.00468 0.00545

Specific heat of liquid at 25˚C kJ/kg.K 1.526 1.25


Flammability limit in air (1 atm) vol% None None

Inhalation exposure (8hr day and 40hr week) ppm 1000 1000

(1) Bubble Point

RS-52R428A


ODP


RS-70 (R453A)

• Lowest direct GWP Drop-in replacement for R22 on the market• Similar energy efficiency to R22• Close match for R22 in cooling capacity• Similar discharge pressure to R22 & lower than R407C, R407A, R407F, R422D, R417B & R427A• No changes to hardware required during retrofitting• Compatible with MO, AB & POE lubricants

All purpose, low GWP & zero ODP Drop-in replacement for R22, & compatible with all lubricantsRS-70 (R453A) is a new non-flammable Drop-in replacement for R22 which has been designed to have the lowestpossible Global Warming Potential (GWP) consistent with high thermodynamic performance having a similarcooling capacity & Coefficient of Performance (COP) as R22. Consequently, RS-70 can be used to replace R22 inboth air conditioning and refrigeration applications across the temperature range where R22 is commonly used.

RS-70 is compatible both with the traditional mineral & alkylbenzene oils, and also the polyol ester lubricants sothat there is no need to change the existing lubricant in the system when retrofitting to R22. With its high technicalperformance, compatibility with all lubricants and low GWP, RS-70 is an excellent choice to replace R22 as theend of R22 approaches as mandated under the Montreal Protocol, the F Gas regulation in the European Unionand other country based restrictions.

The GWP of RS-70 is lower than all other Drop-in replacements for R22 available on the market includingR438A, R417A, R422B, R422D, R417B, and others. The GWP of RS-70 is also lower than R427A, R407A,R407F & R421A However, this has not been achieved by sacrificing performance since RS-70 is similar to R22in terms of cooling capacity, COP, mass flow, compression ratio and discharge pressure while having a lowerdischarge temperature. Accordingly, RS-70 is an excellent choice to replace R22 in the majority of applicationswhere R22 is found.

Performance Characteristics• Replaces R22 in air conditioning and refrigeration applications• Similar flow rate to R22• Application in systems with both fixed and variable expansion devices• Lower discharge temperature than R22• Zero Ozone Depletion Potential• Non flammable & low toxicity

All purpose low GWP Drop-in replacement for R22 in air conditioning& refrigerationCompatible with mineral, alkyl benzene & polyol ester lubricants

Low Global Warming PotentialThe whole subject of global warming and climatic change has become arguably one of the most importantenvironmental issues of the day. Much research has been conducted on an international basis culminating in therecent report of the Inter Governmental Panel on Climate change, which concludes that there is overwhelmingevidence of warming of the planet caused by man-made activities. Increasing quantities of carbon dioxide areconsidered as the prime cause of global warming taking place, and the Authorities are increasingly minded torestrict the emissions of materials with a GWP.

The recent IPCC report indicates that HFCs would contribute less than 2% to global warming, far less than theeffects of carbon dioxide emitted by fossil combustion and deforestation.

RS-70R453A



HFC refrigerants under-pin present refrigeration and air-conditioning technologies giving customers an excellent combination of high efficiency with low hazard. Nevertheless, governments are minded to increasingly restrict HFC emissions by regulation and/or taxation, eg revision of the F Gas regulation in the European Union in December 2013.

RS-70 has been specifically designed to mitigate these changes to the refrigerant user by reducing the direct GWP of the refrigerant while not compromising its energy efficiency and technical properties as a suitable Drop-in replacement for R22.

ApplicationsRS-70 (R453A) has similar energy efficiency, coolingcapacity, mass flow rate, compression ratio & discharge pressure as R22. RS-70 is therefore a singlesolution replacement for R22 across the range of applications where R22 is commonly found.

Because the mass flow of RS-70 is similar to R22,RS-70 can be freely used in systems both with a capillary, fixed orifice or variable expansion devices.RS-70 is compatible both with existing traditional lubricants, such as mineral & alkyl benzene oils, andalso with polyol ester lubricants.

Applications for RS-70 include but are not restricted toair conditioning, commercial & industrial refrigeration,chillers, beer cellars, cold stores, refrigerated transport,supermarkets, appliances, dairy chillers, and others.

Global Warming Potentials

R453A

R423A

R435A

R437A

R433D

R421A

R422D

R413D

R453A R423A R435A R437A R433D R421A R422D R413D

3500

3000

2500

2000

1500

1000

500

0

Coefficient of Performance Evap temp 7˚C & Cond temp +45˚C

4.35

4.30

4.25

4.20

4.15

4.10

4.05

4.00

3.95

3.90

3.85

3.80R22 R423A R453A R417B R438A R422D R421A R422B R417A

RS-70 (R453A) Capacity Evap temp 7˚C & Cond temp +45˚C

3700

3600

3500

3400

3300

3200

3100

3000

2900

2800

2700

R22 R423A R453A R417B R438A R422D R421A R422B R417A

kJ/^3

Mass Flow Rates

R417B

R422D

R422D

R423A

R427A

R438A

R441A

R453A

R22

0.00 1.00 2.00 3.00 4.00 5.00 6.00 7.00 8.00 9.00 10.00

kg/(s.kW)x 103

RS-70R453A


LubricantsRS-70 is compatible with both the traditional & new synthetic lubricants so that there is no need to change theoil when converting from R22 to RS-70. RS-70 is suitable for use with mineral, alkylbenzene and polyol ester oils.


SafetyRS-70 is non flammable as per ASHRAE Standard 34. The components of RS-70 have been subjected to toxicity tests carried out by the Alternative Fluorocarbons Environmental Acceptability Study (AFEAS), andhave been declared to be of low toxicity. RS-70 has been designated a refrigerant number of R453A by theASHRAE with a safety classification of A1.

ServicingBecause RS-70 is a blend, it should be charged into the system in the liquid as opposed to vapour form. Thereis no need to make any hardware changes when converting from R22 to RS-70 and can be used with expansiondevices having a fixed orifice or adjustable setting.

Pres

sure

(bar

a)

Enthalpy (kJ/kg)

RS-70 (R453A) Pressure-Enthalpy chart

0.0043567

0.0063043

0.0086157

0.011555

0.015426

0.020662

0.027920

0.038242

0.053331

0.076076

0.11156

0.16913

0.026682

100 200 300 400 500

100

10.0

1.00

-70 -60 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 190

Key

Saturation line Isotherm ˚C Isochore m^3/kg Isentrope kJ/kg.K Quality

RS-70R453A


RS-70 COMPARATIVE DATA - Air Conditioning

Evap +7ºC & R22 R417A R422D R424A R434A R417B R438A RS-70 R407C R427A R421A R422BCond +45ºC)

Discharge pressure bar 17.29 15.86 18.11 16.14 19.55 19.54 17.83 17.66 18.63 17.96 16.84 16.94

Discharge temp ˚C 78.80 61.20 60.10 61.20 59.70 59.00 65.10 70.50 72.30 77.3 61.3 60.9

Capacity kJ/m^3 3639 3058 3366 3100 3570 3546 3456 3533 3727 3557 3211 3212

% of R22 84.0 92.5 85.2 98.1 97.4 95.0 97.1 102.4 97.7 88.2 88.3

COP 4.34 4.20 4.08 4.19 2.79 4.01 4.19 4.27 4.25 4.23 4.17 4.15

Compression ratio 2.78 2.94 2.86 2.94 4.02 2.81 2.93 2.97 2.95 2.94 2.94 2.91

Glide (evaporator) K 0.00 2.70 2.50 3.00 1.40 1.80 3.30 4.70 4.60 4.20 3.00 2.90

Flow rate kg/(s.kW)x103 6.18 7.96 8.90 8.12 9.10 9.67 7.41 6.27 6.16 6.57 8.49 8.39

GWP 2346 2729 2440 3245 3027 2264 1765 1774 2138 2631 2526



PROPERTY RS-70(2) R22Molecular Mass 88.8 86.5

Boiling point (1 atm) (1) ˚C - 42.2 - 40.8 ˚F - 44.0 - 41.5

Temperature Glide (4) K 4.2 0.0

Critical Temperature ˚C 88.8 96.1 ˚F 191.8 205.1

Critical Pressure bara 45.26 49.90 psia 656.5 724

Liquid Density (25˚C) (1) kg/m3 1136 1191

Density of saturated vapour (25˚C) (1) kg/m3 41.69 44.23

Latent Heat of Vaporisation at boiling point (3) kJ/kg 243.3 233.8

Heat capacity constant volume Cv (25 0C & 1bara) kJ/kg.K 0.7457 0.5587

Heat capacity constant pressure Cp (25 0C & 1bara) kJ/kg.K 0.8480 0.6619

Cp/Cv (25˚C & 1 bara) 1.137 1.185

Vapour Pressure (25˚C) (1) bara 11.53 10.44 psia 167.2 151.4

Vapour Viscosity (25˚C & 1 bara) cP 0.0122 0.0126

Liquid Viscosity (25˚C) (1) cP 0.1572 0.164

Liquid Thermal Conductivity (25˚C) W/m.K 0.0833 0.0835

Surface Tension (25˚C) (1) N/m 0.00723 0.00808

Specific heat of liquid (25˚C) (1) kJ/kg.K 1.5209 1.2568


Flammability limit in air (1 atm) vol% none none

Inhalation exposure (8 hour day & 40 hour week) ppm 1000 1000

GWP AR4 1765 1810

Notes:

(1) Bubble Point

(2) RS-70 refrigerant properties obtained from NIST's REFPROP program.

(3) Difference between bubble point liquid enthalpy and dew point vapour enthalpy at 1 atm.

(4) Evaporator temperature glide calculated using NIST CYCLE D in accordance with high evaporating condition specified in Standard EN 12900:2005 Section 7 Table 2 assuming 100% compressor

and motor efficiencies.

RS-70R453A



EUROPEAN COMMISSION F GAS SUMMARYHFC new equipment banDomestic fridges & freezers HFCs >150 GWP 01/01/2015

Hermetically sealed fridges & freezers HFCs >2500 GWP 01/01/2020 HFCs >150 GWP 01/01/2022

Non hermetically sealed fridges & freezers HFCs >2500 GWP Stationary fridge equipment excluding applications -50˚C 01/01/2020 HFCs >150 GWP Multi pak centralised refrigerations systems 40kW 01/01/2022 HFCs >1500 GWP Primary circuit of cascade systems 01/01/2022 HFCs >750 GWP Single split a/c >3 kgs 01/01/2025

Hermetically sealed moveable a/c systems HFCs >150 GWP 01/01/2020

Time limited exemption for HFCs in application where no alternative is suitable

Service & maintenance for refrigerationHFCs >2500 GWP in systems with charge size equivalent to or greater than 40 tonnes CO2 01/01/2020In effect, this exempts small transport, eg refrigerated trucks & trailers, & commercial systems

Use of reclaimed HFCs allowed 01/01/2030

Service & maintenance for air conditioning No ban

Allocation of quotasBased on annual average of HFC tonnes 2009-12. But, 11% leeway for new entrantsExports permitted outside EU & quotas do not apply

Review of quota allocation & potential tax 01/01/2017

Notes(1) Annex III is linked to Article 11. It is a list of specific bans for new equipment only.(2) Ban on HFCs GWP>150 in centralised commercial refrigeration systems from 01/01/2022(3) Annexe III bans HFCs with GWP >2500 in stationary & mobile refrigeration from & 2020. Target is R404A.(5) Article 11.3 gives exemption mechanism where no suitable alternative is available.(6) Article 13 addresses existing equipment & maintenance:(a) Threshold size from 5 to 40 tonnes of CO2 exempts small transport & commercial systems(c) Allows use of reclaimed HFCs.(7) Service ban applies to refrigeration & air conditioning is excluded

Phase down schedule % %

2015 100 2024-26 31

2016-17 93 2027-29 24

2018-20 63 2030 21

2021-23 45


EUROPEAN COMMISSION F GAS SUMMARY - Continued

Year

2019 2021 2030+

Refrigerators & freezers for commercial use RS-45 (R434A) RS-24 (R426A)

(hermetically sealed) that contain HFCs with RS-52 (R428A) RS-44 (R424A)

GWP of 2,500 from 1 January 2020 and with RS-45 (R434A)

a GWP of 150 from 1 January 2022 RS-50 (R442A)

RS-70

RS-90

Stationary refrigeration equipment that RS-45 (R434A) RS-24 (R426A

contains or relies upon for its functioning RS-52 (R428A) RS-50 (R442A)

HFCs with a GWP 0f 2,500 or more RS-70

RS-90

Multipack centralised refrigeration systems RS-24 (R426A)

for commercial use with a capacity 40 kW or RS-44 (R424A)

more that contain, or rely upon for their RS-45 (R434A)

functioning fluorinated, gases with a GWP RS-50 (R442A)

of150 or more from 1 January 2022 RS-52 (R428A)

RS-70

RS-90

Moveable room air-conditioning appliances RS-24 (R426A)

(hermetically sealed equipment which is RS-44 (R424A)

moveable between rooms by the end user) RS-45 (R434A)

that contains HFCs with a GWP of 150 or RS-50 (R442A)

more from 1 January 2020 RS-52 (R428A)

RS-70

RS-90

Single split air-conditioning systems

containing less than 3 kg of fluorinated

gases that contain, or rely on for their

functioning fluorinated gases with a

GWP of 750 or more


Looking to the future of RefrigerantsThe marine refrigerants industry is the latest to come under new environmental regulations. Starting in 2020,R404A, and other refrigerants with a Global Warming Potential (GWP) exceeding 2500, will be banned under revision of the F Gas regulation in the European Union (EU), although reclaimed gases will be permitted thereafter.

As a result of these pending changes UK’s Star International has been working with Refrigerant Solutions Ltd(RSL) which has made major strides in helping the industry to move away from R404A, R507 and R22 to RS-50(R442A) or RS-70 (R453A) depending on temperature.

Both companies are working together in the marine industry to convert vessels that have R404A, R507 & R22 to RS-50 (R442A) or RS-70 (R453A) with minimum inconvenience to the ships’ schedules. The Dangers and Expense Under R-22 Phase Out is warning of price, supply and safety risks in the run-up to the global ban onR-22 (chlorodifluoromethane or HCFC) refrigerant. The colourless gas, which has ozone depletion, is still said to be in use on between 6,000 and 8,000 vessels worldwide. R-22 was finally outlawed in the EU on December 31st 2014.

RS-50 – R442A is a low global warming and higher efficiency replacement for R404A in both new and existingequipment. RS-50 can also be used as a replacement for R22 in some medium and low temperature refrigeration applications.

Star International can supply RS-50 in a range of cylinder sizes, and have recently worked with RSL to compareits performance with R404A, R407A, R407F, R507A, R22 and R442A. With the new F-Gas legislation dueshortly, virgin R404A will be phased out from January 1st 2020 and not permitted for servicing existing equipment.

A report by the independent University of Barcelona shows the tests conducted on RS-50 and five other refrigerants concluded:

• Under dynamic conditions R442A shows a faster pull down time than any other low temperature refrigerants (currently available)• Under steady state conditions the COP of R442A is 44% higher than that of R404A and 10% better than R407F• Under steady state conditions, the cooling capacity of R442A is 52% better than that of R404A and 18% better than that of R407F.

A range of field trials have been conducted subsequently, which confirm the high energy and capacity figuresobtained from the University of Barcelona’s tests.

R404A is currently the most widely used refrigerant in the marine market, refrigeration and air conditioning applications. There are a number of retrofit alternatives to R404A. Recent independent tests suggest the best alternative is R442A (RS50) because as follows:

• ASHRAE has rated it as A1, i.e. non-flammable/low toxicity• With a GWP of 1888 it is less than half that of R404a• Its GWP is below the level likely to be specified for new equipment• It demonstrates the highest capacity of all R404a alternatives• It demonstrates the highest COP of all R404a alternatives• It is a good candidate to replace R404a/R507a in existing systems subject to original equipment specifications

Some of the popular products and services we offer• Welding Gases• Plasma Cutters• Gas Welding Equipment • Arc Welding Equipment• Marine Chemicals• Water Treatment Test Kits• Fuel Oil Test Kits

• Multi Gas Detectors (Supply & Service)• Refrigeration Services / Spares Supplied • RS Series Refrigerant Gases• Rescue Boats and Lifeboats (Supply & Service)• Marine Safety Equipment (Supply & Service)• Star EndoSan (Next Generation Disinfectant)• Den-Sin Ultra High Pressure Washers

• Reagents• Biological Products• Disposable Span Gases• Medical Equipment • Fire Fighting Equipment (Service)• Lifejacket, Immersion Suits (Supply & Service) • Liferaft (Service, Exchange & Supply)

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Star InternationalHead Office: Star House, Turbine Business Park, Turbine Road, Birkenhead, Merseyside CH41 9BA United Kingdom

Tel: +44 (0) 1244 504500 (10 lines) Fax: +44 (0) 1244 504509 Email: [email protected]

Please send all your enquiries to the above UK Head Office.

Southampton Depot:Star International, Unit 4 Westwood Court, Calmore Industrial Estate, Totton, Southampton SO40 3WXUnited Kingdom

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star international - a guide to rs refrigerants · 2018-08-15 · star international, unit 4...

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