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DUNCANRIG SECONDARY SCHOOL

PHYSICAL EDUCATION DEPARTMENT

EVALUATION REVISION NOTES

GENERAL INSTRUCTIONS

Read the questions carefully when prompted. Listen carefully to the number of times you will see the piece of action. Organise your answer based on the number of times you will see the action

and the number of parts in the question. Write B.A.D.S.T.Q. at the top of the page. B. (piece of equipment//part of the body) A.

(action) D.(direction) S.(specific) T.(timing) Q. (quantify) B.- left foot, right arm, racquet etc. A.- kick, throw, turn, step, side-step etc. D.- upward, sideways, forward, backward, diagonally to right, to left etc. S.- the boy, the girl, no.9, the girl/boy in the blue bib etc. T.- when, as, while etc. Q. quickly, slowly, powerfully etc. Use B.A.D.S.T.Q. When describing what you see in detail. Identify the action/skill/situation and at least two other details. Watch the video carefully whenever the action is on the screen. Identify the performers left and right sides. (think of yourself in the

performers position to help you do this) In part (a) if asked for in detail and in correct order, ensure that you do so. In part (b) if asked for improvements then start sentence with he/she/no.9

should. DO NOT answer in a negative way if asked for improvement (i.e. don’t,

shouldn’t etc). When asked to suggest an improvement to a skill/technique performance,

answering by changing to use a different skill will be awarded 0 marks. You must describe a change to the performance shown on the video.

If shown a good/model performance and a poorer performance look carefully and note any differences between the two performances.

DO NOT be put of by new or unusual activities (i.e. lacrosse, dance, synchronised swimming, rhythmic gymnastics, high diving etc.).

Remember they are looking for general points and principles not specific K.U. of the activity.

At the end of part (b), you must leave that question to focus fully on the video for the next question.

Take notes on your paper to remind you of the video action in case you have to return to the question during the 5-minute checking period.

You may attempt the K.U. questions in any order. If you have finished a question or do not need the 5 minute checking time you

may look ahead to start the K.U. section of the paper. Ensure that you return to the E. section of the paper at the start of a new

question.

General Points of Information

Kicking, hitting or throwing an objectExamples of descriptions

He/she follows through to target/towards goal/basket/to partner.) He/she transfers weight from left to right/up to down/back to front. He/she has a long backswing giving more power to make object go

harder/further. He/she swings leg/arm/bat quickly giving more power so that the object will

go harder/faster/further.

Examples of improvements

He/she/no.x should follow through harder after the ball/in the direction of the goal/basket etc.

He/she/no.x should take a larger/longer backswing. He/she/no.x should have a faster swing of the arm/leg/racquet/bat etc.

When throwing or hitting an object straight up

(ie. Volleyball, rhythmic gymnastics etc.)

Examples of descriptions

He/she throws/hits the ball/rope etc. high/ straight up. He/she moves quickly/to the right to get underneath the ball/rope etc. .


He/she should throw/hit the ball straight up. He/she should throw/hit the ball higher. He/she should move quickly/to the left to get under the ball/rope

etc.

To lift a ball(ie. Rugby kick at goal, football high shot/pass, hockey flick etc.)


He/she gets foot/stick under the ball. He/she gets body low behind the ball. He/she follows through with foot/stick etc. upwards.


He/she should put his/her stick/foot lower under the ball. He/she should get lower behind the ball.

He/she should follow through higher /upward after the ball.

To hit ball/shuttle softly


He/she slows down the speed of the hit/kick. He/she has a limited follow through after hitting the ball/shuttle.


He/she should slow down his arm/leg/racquet etc. on contact. He/she should take a shorter follow through.

Keeping a ball/object in the air


He/she moves underneath ball quickly/adjusts body position in relation to ball.

He/she selects appropriate body part to hit ball (if football) He/she speeds up his/her actions when necessary. He/she hits the ball up high giving him/her more time to get under it. He/she directs the ball straight up so that little movement is required to get

under it. He/she plays ball in middle of bat/racquet. He/she keeps his/her eyes on the ball He/she keeps his/her balance. He/she transfers his/her weight upwards (if volley or header)


He/she should move more quickly to get under the ball. He/she should have used his/her left foot instead of stretching with his/her right

foot. He/she should hit the ball straight up/higher.

Stopping a ball


He/she moves to get his/her body in line with the ball. He/she puts his/her hands/foot/stick etc. in front of the ball as it approaches. He/she gets his/her body low (knees bent) behind the ball i.e. cricket fielding

or hockey stop.


He/she should move quicker/to the side to get his/her body in line with the ball. He/she should get both hands down low in line with/in front of the ball.

Goalkeeper(any activity) – narrowing the angle


He/she covers the near post when moving out quickly to block/save. He/she moves back/along line to the near post to block/save. He/she spreads his/her body to make himself/herself as big as possible as

he/she moves out.


He/she should move quicker back/right/left to cover his/her near post. He/she should move out quickly in line with the near post to block/save the ball. He/she should spread his/her body wider to block/save the shot.

Faking/Dummying

To describe any fake – State direction of first movement – to right/left/up etc. State increase of speed – quickly. State new direction – to left/down etc

ie. Fakes to go to the left but quickly changes direction to go to the right.

Side to side – basketball( jab step), rugby(side step), football/hockey(fake). Up to down – basketball(overhead fake). Passes the stick over the ball to fake a pass to the right and pulls the ball back

quickly on the reverse stick to go to the left. - hockey

Jumping (any jumping action)

If approach run used – long last stride and dip if one footed take-off (long jump/high jump).

Jump into from one foot to two feet if two footed take off (volleyball spike). Bend legs in preparation. Powerfully extend/straighten legs to thrust up on take off. Transfer weight upwards (volleyball spike, basketball jump shot, high jump). Transfer weight upward and forwards (long jump, hurdles). Swing arms forward and upward on take off. Bend legs on landing.


He/she ran up quickly to jump. He/she took a long last stride onto his/her right foot. He/she powerfully straightened his/her right leg to drive upwards. He/she took off on one/right/left foot. He she swung his/her arms up high on take off.


He/she should take a longer last stride and dip before take off. He/she should take off on one foot. He/she should bend his/her knees more in preparation. He/she should straighten his/her legs more powerfully to be able to jump higher. He she should transfer his/her weight upward more quickly to jump higher. He/she should swing his/her arms upward more powerfully on take off to jump

higher. He/she should bend his/her knees more on landing.

If ball is involved in jumping action

Judge the flight of the ball to strike/head/catch it at the top of your jump. Time your jump in relation to the flight of the ball to strike/head it at the top

of your jump (volleyball spike - hit above the net downwards).


He/she jumped high to hit/header/catch the ball at the top of his/her jump.

He/she timed his/her jump to hit/header/catch the ball at the top of his/jher jump.


He/she should jump later/earlier to strike/head/catch the ball at the top of his/her jump.

Hockey

Push pass

He/she has his/her hands apart on stick. Lhe/she has his/her left hand at top of stick(right handed player) He/she steps forward onto left foot (right handed player) His/her weight is transferred from right to left/ back to front. His/her stick is placed behind ball. He/she has no backswing. He/she has does a pushing action through ball. He/she pushes/passes the ball forward. His/her stick follows through towards target.


He/she should put hands further apart on the stick. He/she should put the left hand at the top of the stick. He/she should transfer weight more quickly from the back foot to the front foot. He/she should follow through more powerfully after the ball.

Hit


His/her hands are together at top of stick. He/she has his/her left hand at top of stick. (right handed player) He/she has his/her left foot forward. (right handed player) He/she takes the stick back above waist height. He/she transfers his/her weight from right to left/ back to front.(right handed

player) He/she swings his/her stick through to strike ball. He/she follows through after ball to target.


Put his/her hands together at the top of the stick. Put his/her left hand at the top of the stick. He/she should stand side on to the direction of the hit. He/she should put his/her left foot forward. He/she should take a bigger back swing. He/she should transfer weight more quickly from back foot to front foot into the

hit. Follow through with the stick further after the ball/toward the target.

Flick


He/she bends his/her legs to get low behind the ball. He/she splits his/her hands on the hockey stick with his/her left hand at the

top. He/she puts his her stick under the ball and scoops/flicks it upwards. He/she follows through upwards after the ball after the flick.


He/she should bend his/her legs more to get low behind the ball. He/she should put his/her hands further apart on the stick. He/she should follow through upwards more after thee flick.

Stopping the ball


He/she has his/her hands apart on stick. His/her left hand is at top of stick (right handed player). He/she bends his/her knees to get stick low on ground in front of the

approaching ball. He/she uses reverse stick to stop the ball.


He/she should put his/her hands further apart on the stick. He/she should put his/her left hand at the top of the stick. He/she should put the stick lower on the ground behind the ball to stop it. He she should stop the ball with reverse stick when it comes to his/her left side.

Crossing a ball


He/she runs quickly down the wing onto the ball. He she crosses the ball with front/reverse stick. He/she pulls the ball back low/along the ground to the edge of the box He/she crosses the ball high/to the back post


He/she should cross the ball earlier/before the tackle. He/she should pull the ball back/away from the goalkeeper. He/she should wait until he/she is past the defender before crossing the ball.Dribbling

To describe any dribble; State direction – down the wing/towards the goal/diagonally to the left etc. State part of body/piece of equipment – right hand/left foot/front or reverse stick

etc.

State where ball is in relation to body – in front/to right side etc.

Hockey dribbling


He/she keeps ball close to stick. He/she keeps head up when dribbling/to see goal/team mates/defenders and

react appropriately. He/she keeps ball in front of the body when dribbling. He/she bends his/her legs slightly when dribbling/to lower centre of gravity/to

be in a well-balanced position. He/she changes direction quickly


He/she should keep his/her head up so that he/she can see the goal/defenders/team mates.

He/she should keep the ball close to his/her stick so that the defender does not steal it.

He/she should keep the ball more in front of the body when dribbling. He/she should bend his/her knees more to be better balanced so that they can

dribble/react more quickly.

Faking/Dummying

To describe any fake – State direction of first movement – to right/left/up. State increase of speed – quickly. State new direction – to left/right

Faking/Dummying


He/she changed direction quickly to fool opponent. He/she fakes to go to the left but quickly changes direction to go to the right. He/she passes the stick over the ball to fake a pass to the right and pulls the

ball back quickly on the reverse stick to go to the left.


He/she should change direction more quickly to lose the defender. He/she should move more quickly to lose his/her defender.

Cricket

Fielding


Short stop (when ball is rolling towards fielder).

He/she moves quickly to get his/her body in front of approaching ball. He/she puts both hands down on ground in front of approaching ball. He/she puts his/her knee and foot behind hands to stop ball in case hands

miss ball.


He/she should move more quickly/to the side to get in line with/in front of the ball. He/she should put both hands together in front of the ball to pick it up. He/she should put knee and foot behind his/her hands to stop the ball if he/she

misses it with his/her hands.

Long stop (when fielder is chasing after the ball).


He/she angles his/her run to intercept ball. He/she puts his/her hand down on ground in front of rolling ball. His/her arm is straight on pick up. He/she turns quickly and throws ball with right hand.


He/she should run quicker to catch up with the rolling ball. He/she should reach down and put his/her hand on the ground in front of the

rolling ball. He/she should turn more quickly after picking the ball up to throw it.

Bowling

Examples of description

He/she runs quickly towards the wicket. He/she swings his/her arm around 360º/in windmilling action. He/she turns side on to bowl the ball. He/she points towards the wicket with his/her non-throwing arm.

He/she releases ball from right/left hand overarm/above head/with straight arm towards the wicket.


He/she should run faster towards the wicket. He/she should bowl the ball with a straighter arm. He/she should turn more side on to the wicket when releasing the ball. He/she should bowl the ball faster towards the wicket.

Batting - Defensive position at wicket


He/she has his/her feet parallel. His/her body is side on to wicket. His/her upper body bent/stooped forward. He/she has his/her head-up looking at the bowler. He/she holds the bat in two hands He/she angles the bat downwards. He/she raises the bat backwards and upwards. He/she steps forward/backwards to place front foot close to the bounce of

the ball. He/she keeps the bat straight and close to leading leg. He/she hits ball downwards towards the ground. He/she follows through after the ball/downwards.


He/she should stand side on to the wicket with feet parallel. He/she should stand more upright with his bat held more vertically. He/she should angle the bat downwards more. He/she should keep the bat closer to his front leg. He/she should place his front foot closer to the bounce of the ball. He.she should hit the ball downwards towards the ground. He/she should follow through downwards.

Attacking shot

He/she has his/her feet parallel. His/her body is side on to wicket. His/her upper body bent/stooped forward. He/she has his/her head-up looking at the bowler. He/she holds the bat in two hands He/she angles the bat downwards. He/she raises bat backwards and upwards.

He/she steps forwards/backwards/to the right to the left, to get part of the bat behind the ball.

He/she strikes the ball with the bat. He/she angles the bat to direct the ball away from fielders. Follow through after contact.


He/she should stand side on to the wicket with feet parallel. He/she should stand more upright with his bat held more vertically. He/she should angle the bat downwards more. He/she should keep the bat closer to his front leg. He/she should place his front foot closer to the bounce of the ball. He/she should hit the ball away from the fielders. He/she should have a bigger backlift with the bat. He/she should take a bigger swing with the bat. He/she should follow through more powerfully after the hit..

Fielder throwing ball to wicket


He/she pulls right/left/throwing arm back fully. He/she steps forward onto opposite leg to throwing arm. He/she turns body side-on. He/she throws ball over-arm powerfully/fast/flat towards wicket/wicket

keeper. He/she follows through with throwing arm after ball/towards wicket.


He/she should pull his/her arm back further. He/she should step forward more onto right/left leg. He/she should turn side-on when throwing. He/she should throw the ball more powerfully/flatter/harder. He/she should throw the ball directly towards the wicket. He/she should follow through more towards the basket

Wicket keeper catching ball thrown by fielder


He/she moves quickly to get in line/behind with wicket. He/she catches the ball in two hands above wicket/above head/ to right of

wicket. He/she moves quickly to knock off bails with the ball in hands.


He/she should move quicker to the wicket. He/she should move to get behind the wicket. He/she should catch the ball at the first attempt. he/she should move his/her hands forward quicker to knock the bails off.

Wicket keeper stumping a batsman


He/she moves quickly to get behind the wicket. He/she catches the ball in two hands above/behind/to the side of the

wicket. He/she moves his/her hands quickly forward to knock bails of wicket with

ball.


He/she should move quicker to the wicket. He/she should catch the ball at the first attempt. He/she should move his/her hands forward quicker to knock the bails off.

Wicket keeper/slip fielder catching ball snicked by batsman


He/she dives quickly to right/left. He/she stretches out body parallel to the ground. He/she stretches out right/left arm to catch the ball. He/she catches the ball in right/left/both hands.


He/she should dive quicker to his/her left/right. He/she should stretch his/her right/left arm out more to get it behind the ball/

to catch the ball. He/she should catch the ball in two hands.

Softball

Fielding

Short stop (when ball is rolling towards fielder)


He/she moves quickly to get his/her body in front of approaching ball. He/she puts both hands down on ground in front of approaching ball. He/she puts his/her knee and foot behind hands to stop ball in case hands

miss ball.


He/she should move more quickly/to the side to get in line with/in front of the ball. He/she should put both hands together in front of the ball to pick it up. He/she should put knee and foot behind his/her hands to stop the ball if he/she

misses it with his/her hands.

Long stop (when fielder is chasing after the ball).


He/she angles his/her run to intercept ball. He/she puts his/her hand down on ground in front of rolling ball. His/her arm is straight on pick up. He/she turns quickly and throws ball with right hand.


He/she should run quicker to catch up with the rolling ball. He/she should reach down and put his/her hand on the ground in front of the

rolling ball. He/she should turn more quickly after picking the ball up to throw it.

Bowling


He/she throws the ball underarm with his right/left hand towards the batter/base.


He/she should throw the ball directly towards the base. He/she should throw the ball higher/harder/faster.Batting


He/she stands side on to the base with the bat pulled fully back behind him/her.

He/she swings the bat quickly forward to hit the ball. He/she follows through across his/her body/after the ball.


He/she should stand side on to the base when hitting.

He/she should swing the bat further back behind him/her. He/she should swing the bat harder/faster to hit the ball. He/she should follow through further/harder after the ball is hit.

Fielder throwing ball to base


He/she pulls right/left/throwing arm back fully. He/she steps forward onto opposite leg to throwing arm. He/she turns body side-on. He/she throws ball over-arm powerfully/fast/flat towards base/fielder/ back stop He/she follows through with throwing arm after ball/towards base.


He/she should pull his/her arm back further. He/she should step forward more onto right/left leg. He/she should turn side-on when throwing. He/she should throw the ball more powerfully/flatter/harder. He/she should throw the ball directly towards the base. He/she should follow through more towards the base.

Fielder at base/backstop catching ball thrown by fielder


He/she moves quickly to get in line/behind with base. He/she stretches out with right/left hand/both hands to catch the ball. He/she catches the ball with both/right/left hand above head/in front of

him/her. He/she catches the ball in two hands above base/above head/ to right of

base. He/she moves quickly to step on base with ball in two hands.


He/she should move quicker to the base. He/she should move to get behind the base. He/she should stretch his/her right/left hand/both hands up higher to catch the

ball. He/she should catch the ball at the first attempt. He/she should step on base as soon as he/she catches the ball/earlier.

Football

Cushioning the ball

Chesting the ball in football


He/she moves to get his/her chest in line with flight of the ball. He/she takes the pace out of the ball by leaning back /pulls his/her chest back

away from the ball on contact.


He/she should move more quickly to get chest in front of/in line with approaching ball.

He/she should pull his/her chest back more on contact with the ball to cushion it.

Goalkeeper – narrowing the angle


He/she covers the near post when moving out quickly to block/save. He/she moves back/along line to the near post to block/save. He/she spreads his/her body to make himself/herself as big as possible as

he/she moves out.


He/she should move quicker back/right/left to cover his/her near post. He/she should move out quickly in line with the near post to block/save the ball. He/she should spread his/her body wider to block/save the shot.

Goalkeeper catching a cross


He/she moves out quickly to catch the ball at the top of his/her jump. He/she catches the ball with both hands at full stretch/above head. He she catches the ball with both hands/at first attempt He/she pulls ball into chest on landing. He/she throws ball out quickly/directly to team mate.


He/she should jump higher to catch the ball earlier/higher. He/she should move out quicker to meet the ball.

He/she should pull the ball into his/her chest when landing/hold the ball more firmly.

He/she should throw/kick the ball out earlier. He/she should throw the ball directly to a team mate/away from/beyond the

attacker.

Crossing a ball


He/she runs quickly down the wing onto the ball. He she crosses the ball with right/left foot. He/she pulls the ball back low/along the ground to the edge of the box He/she crosses the ball high/to the back post


He/she should cross the ball earlier/before the tackle. He/she should pull the ball back/away from the goalkeeper. He/she should clear the first defender/ play the ball higher to the back post.

Defensive wall – football


Wall should be lined up to cover one side of the goal. When an indirect free kick, no.5 charges quickly out of the wall to block the

shot/pressure the shooter. Goalkeeper positions himself/herself to cover the middle/unprotected side of

the goal.


The wall should have moved to the left/right to cover the goal more. One or more than one of the defenders should have charge out quickly to close

down on/pressure the shooter, to block the shot.

The goalkeeper should have moved to cover the centre/unprotected side of the goal.

Dribbling

To describe any dribble; State direction – down the wing/towards the goal/diagonally to the left etc. State part of body/piece of equipment – right hand/left foot/front or reverse stick etc. State where ball is in relation to body – in front/to right side etc.

Football dribbling


He/she keeps his/her head up when dribbling so that he/she can see goal/team mates/defenders and react appropriately.

He/she keeps ball under control close to his/her feet when dribbling. He/she plays the ball forward in front of the body. He/she uses either foot when appropriate. He/she bends his/her legs slightly when dribbling/to lower centre of gravity/to

be in a well-balanced position. He/she changes direction quickly


He/she should keep his/her head up so that he/she can see the goal/defenders/team mates.

He/she should keep the ball close to his/her feet. He/she should use either foot as appropriate. He/she should bend his/her legs more to be better balanced.Faking/Dummying

To describe any fake – State direction of first movement – to right/left. State increase of speed – quickly. State new direction – to left/right.


He/she changes direction quickly to fool opponent. He/she fakes to go to the left but quickly changes direction to go to the

right.



Rugby

Pick up and pass


No.x picks ball up from ground with two hands. No.x runs forward with ball held firmly in two hands. No.x passes/spin passes with two hands diagonally backward to team mate. No.x holds both hands out ready to receive the ball. No.x catches the ball with two hands. After catching no.x runs forward with ball held firmly in two hands.


No.x should pass the pass in front of running team mate. No.x should pass the ball diagonally backward to team mate. Receiver/no.y should hold out his/her hands out to receive the ball early. Receiver/no.y should catch the ball with two hands.

Scrum


Scrum half/no.9 feeds the ball along the ground straight into the middle of the scrum.

The hooker/no.2 (in the middle of the front row) side foots the ball between his legs.

No.2 backheels the ball through legs (channelled) to the back of the scrum. As the scrum moves forward, the player at the back of the scrum (no.8)

controls the ball with his feet to keep the ball in the scrum. The scrum half (no.9) positions himself at the back of the scrum, walking

forward to stay at the back of the scrum. The scrum half (no.9) steps over the ball, bending down to pick it up with two

hands. The scrum half (no.9) passes the ball backward and to the side/diagonally

slightly in front of his running team mate.


The player at the back of the scrum (no.8) should control the ball better with his feet to keep the ball in the scrum.

The scrum half (no.9) should step over the ball earlier to pick the ball up quickly. The scrum half (no.9) should pass the ball in front of his running team mate.

Lacrosse

Catching the ball


He/she moves his/her stick to be in line with the flight of the ball. He/she times his/her movement in relation to flight of ball. He/she moves quickly forward/to the right to get his/her stick behind the ball. Take the pace out of the ball by pulling the stick back away from the ball on

contact.

Example of improvements

He/she should move the stick more quickly to be in line with the approaching ball. He/she should pull the stick back more on contact with the ball to cushion it.

Pick up of moving ball


He/she/no.x moves body to get in line with rolling ball. He/she/no.x holds stick in two hands in front of/across body. He/she/no.x splits grip with left hand at top of stick. He/she/no.x puts stick down on ground to scoop ball up in front of body.


He/she/no.x should move quicker to get to/in line with the ball. He/she/no.x should hold the stick in two hands/across the front of the body as

he/she goes to pick up the ball. He/she/no.x should split his/her grip with hands apart on the stick. He/she/no.x should have his/her left hand at the top of the stick. He/she/no.x should put the stick lower on the ground to scoop the ball up in front

of the body.

Running with the ball


He/she/no.x runs forward turning the stick from side to side to stop the ball falling out.


He/she/no.x should turn the stick from side to side quickly to stop the ball falling out of the stick.

Pass/shot


He/she/no.x steps forward onto left foot. (right-handed thrower). He/she/no.x has weight on back/right foot. He/she/no.x turns side on to direction of pass/shot. He/she/no.x holds stick up above head height. He/she/no.x splits grip on stick with left hand at end of stick. He/she/no.x throws the ball from above head height. He/she/no.x follows stick through in direction of pass.


He/she/no.x should get side on to direction of the pass with the left foot forward (right-handed passer).

He/she/no.x should hold the stick up higher above head height. He/she/no.x should have his/her hands apart on the stick with the left hand at the

end of the stick. He/she/no.x should throw the ball from above head height. He/she/no.x should follow through more after the ball/toward the target. He/she/no.x should transfer his/her weight quicker through the pass. He/she/no.x should have a quicker throwing action.

Basketball

Aiming a ball (set/jump shot)


He/she lines up the ball between the eye and the target. He/she bends his/her knees in preparation for shot. He/she extends/straightens his/her legs to apply a force downward to get

upwards thrust. He/she transfers his/her weight upward. He/she releases the ball high, above head in front of body. He/she follows through high. He/she aims high above the net /puts a high arc on the ball.


He/she should lift the ball higher to be in line between his/her eye and the target. He/she should bend his/her knees more in preparation. He/she should straighten his/her legs more powerfully to get more thrust upward. He/she should transfer his/her weight more upward when shooting. He/she should release the ball higher above his/her head. He/she should follow through higher above the basket/net.

Basketball – right handed lay-up


He/she dribbles the ball towards the basket from an angle of about 45º He/she bounces the ball high/to waist height in dribble. He/she takes the ball up in two hands at end of dribble. He/she takes two steps (right then left) driving up from his/her left foot

towards the basket. He/she takes off on his/her left foot about a metre from/at an angle of 45º to

the basket. He/she stretches up towards the backboard extending his/her right arm. He/she lays the ball gently onto the backboard. He/she lands facing the basket ready to rebound the ball.

Note: opposite in terms of left and right for left handed lay-up.


He/she should bounce the ball higher to waist height as he/she drives towards the basket.

He/she should approach the basket from an angle of 45º. He/she should take off on his/her left foot. He/she should take off closer to the basket. He/she should approach the basket from an angle of 45º. He/she should stretch up towards the basket more with his/her right hand. He/she should lay the ball more gently onto the backboard. He/she should land facing the basket ready for the rebound.

Dribbling

To describe any dribble; State direction – down the wing/towards the basket/diagonally to the left etc. State part of body – right/left hand. State where ball is in relation to body – in front/to right side etc.

Basketball dribble


Speed dribble – high bounce. Control dribble – low bounce. Head up so that you can see basket/team mates/defenders and react

appropriately. Bounce ball slightly to side of body. Use the body to shield the ball from defenders. Bounce the ball using the hand furthest away from the defender.


He/she should bend knees more to dribble the ball lower in the control dribble. He/she should bounce the ball higher to waist height when dribbling at speed. He/she should keep his/her head up so that he/she can see the goal/defenders/team

mates. He/she should bounce the ball further out to the right/left side of his/her body. He/she should keep his/her body between the ball and the defender. He/she should dribble using the hand furthest away from the defender.

Faking/Dummying

To describe any fake – State direction of first movement – to right/left/up etc. State increase of speed – quickly. State new direction – to left/down etc

ie. Fakes to go to the left but quickly changes direction to go to the right.

Side to side – jab step. Up to down – overhead fake.


He/she fakes to do a jump shot but quickly moves down to go around the defender. He/she dummies/fakes to go to the left but quickly changes direction to go to the right.



American football


Quarterback receiving and throwing ball

He/she receives the ball in both hands. He/she moves/sidesteps quickly backwards/diagonally to the left/right. He/she fakes to pass the ball to the right/left. He/she passes the ball overarm, with his/her right/left hand,

high/flat/hard/diagonally to the left/right.


He/she/no.x should receive the ball in two hands. He/she/no.x should move backwards quicker. He/she/no.x should sidestep quickly to the right/left of the blocker to open up

the angle for the pass. He/she/no.x should pass the ball higher over the blocking player. He/she should pass the ball with more power directly to his team mate.

Receiver catching the ball

Runs towards the sideline behind the defence. Sprints forward diagonally to his/her right/left. Fakes to run to his/her left/right and changes direction quickly to go

left/right. Sprints diagonally to his/her left/right/towards the corner. ¼ urns/turns 90° to his/her right/left while running forward/diagonally to

his/her right/left/towards the corner Stretches up above head to catch the ball in two hands. Pulls the ball quickly into his/her chest. Sprints forward/diagonally to his/her left/right/towards the line.


He/she should run quicker forward/diagonally to his/her right/left.

He/she should change direction more quickly to go to his/her right/left.

He/she should run more quickly diagonally to his/her left/right. He/she should turn earlier to catch the ball in two hands. After catching the ball, he/she should run faster away from the

defender/towards the corner/line.

Passage of Play

You may be asked to watch a passage of play from a game and will be directed to focus your attention on a highlighted player.

When watching the piece of action make sure that you focus on this highlighted player.

Take care when identifying directions, ie. his/her left, to the right side of the court, the left of the screen, to the number 10.

If receiving the ball, identify R/L hand/foot, both hands/feet, above head/on ground/below waist etc.

If passing /shooting, identify R/L hand/foot, back/forward/sideways/diagonally to R/L, overhead/high/low/along ground/flat/hard

In team games you may have to describe the timing of the movements/actions of the player in relation to team mates using “when”, “while”, “as”.

Inter-passing between players (wall pass or pass and cut)


He/she angles his/her body when making pass. He/she keeps moving forward after passing/ into support position/beyond the

defender. He/she makes an angle for the pass so that it is easy for his/her team-mate to

pass the ball to him/her. He/she passes accurately/directly to a stationary team-mate/in front of a

running team-mate. He/she times pass so that defender does not intercept ball. He/she angles his/her pass so that the defender does not intercept the ball. He/she weights the pass so that it reaches your team-mate and is easy to

control. He/she times his/her support run to make it easy for his/her team-mate to

pass to him/her.


He /she should move more quickly forward into a supporting position after making the pass.

He/she should run forward more to increase the angle to make it easier for his/her team mate to pass.

He/she should pass the ball in front of his/her running team mate. He/she should pass the ball directly to his/her team mate. He/she should pass the ball earlier so that the ball is not intercepted. He/she should pass the ball more firmly so that it is not intercepted.

Defence against a wall pass/pass and cut


He/she turns quickly to chase attacker when beaten. He/she delays/sags off attacker (doesn’t dive in). He/she angles his/her body to try to force attacker onto weaker foot

(football) /weak side (over-guarding in basketball). He/she gets back quickly to stay between the attacker and the goal/basket. He/she reaches with stick (hockey)/hands (basketball)/feet (football) to

intercept the ball. He/she stays between the passer and his target. He/she closes down on the player with the ball quickly.


He/she should turn more quickly to run back after he/she was beaten. He/she should sag off/delay the attacker without diving in. He/she should angle his/her body more to force the attacker onto his/her weaker

side.

He/she should stretch out more with his/her foot/hand/stick to try to intercept the ball.

He/she should try to stay between the passer and his/her target. He/she should close down on the passer/receiver more quickly.

1 v 1 Offence


He/she fakes quickly to right to lose opponent. He/she keeps his/her body between the defender and the ball.


He/she should transfer weight more quickly to the left/right/up to lose his/her opponent.

He/she should keep his/her body between the defender and the ball to stop them taking the ball away.

1 v 1 Defence


He/she sags off/jockies/delays attacker( doesn’t dive in) He/she moves quickly/early to stay between the attacker and the

target/basket/goal. He/she tries to block shot/pass using his/her foot/hands/stick. He/she reaches in with his/her stick when tackling/to block. He/she moves his/her feet quickly to attempt to stay between attacker and the

target/goal/basket. He/she angles his/her body to force attacker onto weaker side/ out wide. He/she runs back quickly to try to get goal/basket side/to tackle/stop shot

when beaten


He/she should sag off/delay the attacker without diving in. He/she should move quicker/earlier to get between the attacker and the

goal/basket.

He/she should stretch out more with his/her hands/stick/feet to intercept the ball/stop the shot.

1 v 1 Possession


He/she keeps the ball under control/close to foot/stick/body. He/she stays aware of opponents' positions. He/she moves quickly to keep body between defender and ball.


He/she should keep the ball closer to his/her feet/stick. He/she should try to keep his/her body between the defender and the ball so that

they cannot steal it.

2 v 1 offence towards target


He/she ngles his/her body when making pass. He/she keeps moving forward after passing/ into support position/beyond the

defender. He/she makes an angle for the pass so that it is easy for his/her team mate to

pass the ball to him/her. He/she passes accurately/directly to a stationary team mate/in front of

running team mate. He/she times his/her pass so that defender does not intercept ball. He/she angles his/her pass so that the defender does not intercept the ball. He/she weights his/her pass so that it reaches his/her team mate and is easy to

control. He/she times his/her support run to make it easy for team mate to pass to

him/her.


He /she move more quickly forward into a supporting position after making the pass.

He/she should run forward more to increase the angle to make it easier for his/her team mate to pass.

He/she should pass the ball in front of his/her running team mate. He/she should pass the ball directly to his/her team mate. He/she should pass the ball earlier so that the ball is not intercepted. He/she should pass the ball more firmly so that it is not intercepted.

2 v 1 defence towards a target


He/she turn quickly to chase attacker when beaten. He/she delays/sags off/jockies attacker ( doesn’t dive in). He/she angles his/her body to force attacker onto weaker foot (football) /weak

side (over-guarding in basketball). He/she stays between the ball carrier and the team mate to intercept pass He/she reaches with stick (hockey)/hands (basketball)/feet (football) to

intercept the ball. He/she closes down on the player with the ball quickly.


He/she should sag off/delay the attacker without diving in. He/she should move quicker/earlier to get between the attacker and the

goal/basket/team mate. He/she should stretch out more with his/her hands/stick/feet to intercept the

ball/stop the shot.

He/she should close down on the player with the ball more quickly.

2 v 1 offence keeping possession


He/she moves off the ball into space to receive pass/support team mate. He/she uses his/her hands to indicate where he/she wants the pass. He/she plays the pass early before you he/she is pressured. He/she passes accurately so that the defender does not intercept the pass. He/she weights the pass so that the defender does not intercept the pass/team

mate can control the ball easily. He/she angles the pass so that it goes to directly to his/her team mate/is not

intercepted by the defender.


He/she should move into space more quickly to get into position to receive the ball.

He/she should use the hands more to indicate where he/she wants the pass. He/she should pass earlier so that the ball is not intercepted. He/she should pass the ball more firmly/directly to his/her team mate so that the

pass is not intercepted.

2 v 1 defence against a team keeping possession


He/she moves quickly between players. He/she closes down space on ball handler/passer quickly. He/she stretches out hands/feet/stick to intercept the pass. He/she jumps high to block He/she turns fast to close down ball quickly. Be aware of receivers' position and adjust your position accordingly.


He/she should move more quickly between his/her opponents. He/she should put pressure on the player with the ball more quickly. He/she should stretch out more with his/her arm/leg/stick to try to intercept the

ball.

2 v 2 offence


He/she moves off the ball into space/makes himself/herself available for a pass/supports team mate.

He/she times his/her run into space to receive the pass. He/she fakes quickly to lose his/her covering player. He/she sets a screen to release his/her team mate (basketball). He/she uses his/her hands to indicate where he/she want the pass. He/she passes early before he/she is pressured. He/she passes accurately so that the defender does not intercept the pass. He/she weights his/her pass so that the defender does not intercept the

pass/team mate can control the ball easily. He/she angles his/her pass so that it goes directly to his/her team mate/is not

intercepted by the defender.


He/she should move more quickly/earlier into space to be in a position to receive a pass.

He/she should fake more quickly to his/her left/right to lose the defender. He/she should set the screen earlier to release his/her team mate. He/she should pass the ball earlier before he/she is pressured. He/she should pass the ball more firmly/directly to his/her team mate so that the

ball is not intercepted.

2 v 2 defence


No. 7 stays on one/same player . No.7 turns quickly to chase attacker when beaten. No.7 delays/sags off/jockies attacker ( doesn’t dive in). No.7 angles body to force attacker onto weaker foot (football)/weak side

(over-guarding in basketball). No.7 stays between his player and the goal/basket/other attacker to intercept

pass/ block shot. He/she reaches in with stick (hockey)/hands (basketball)/feet (football) to

intercept the ball/block shot. He/she closes down on the player with the ball quickly.


No.x and no.y should mark a player each. No.x should turn more quickly to get back between his/her opponent and the

goal/basket after he/she is beaten. No.x should sag off/delay his/her opponent instead of diving in. No.x should angle his/her body to force opponent onto weaker side. No.x should try to stay between his/her opponent and the goal/basket/team mate.

He/she should close down on his/her own player quickly when they receive the ball.

Netball

Aiming a ball


He/she lines up the ball between the eye and the target. He/she bends his/her knees in preparation for shot. He/she extends/straightens his/her legs to apply a force downward to get

upwards thrust. He/she transfers his/her weight upward. He/she releases the ball high, above head in front of body. He/she follows through high. He/she aims high above the net /puts a high arc on the ball.


He/she should lift the ball higher to be in line between his/her eye and the target. He/she should bend his/her knees more in preparation. He/she should straighten his/her legs more powerfully to get more thrust upward. He/she should transfer his/her weight more upward when shooting. He/she should release the ball higher above his/her head. He/she should follow through higher above the basket/net.

Volleyball

Volley pass


He/she moves quickly to get under the ball. He/she bends legs to play the ball slightly above and in front of eyes. His/her elbows are bent out to the sides. His/her fingers spread in basket shape under the ball. His/her thumbs pointing back toward his/her eyes. He/she moves hands to volley position early. He/she extends the legs to transfer weight upward to play the volley. He/she volleys the ball with fingertips. His/her arms are straight/extended upward as volley is played. He/she plays the ball upward and in direction of target/receiver.


He/ she should move more quickly to get under the ball. He/she should play the ball above and in front of his/her eyes. He/she should have his/her elbows out with the thumbs pointing to his/her eyes. He/she should put his/her hands in the volley position earlier. He/she should extend/straighten the legs more powerfully to transfer the weight

upward into the volley

Dig pass


He/she moves quickly to get in line with/to the ball. He/she bends legs to prepare to play the shot/to get under the ball. His/her feet are apart/one in front of the other. He/she turns to face the direction of the intended pass. His/her hands are joined together. He/she straightens his/her arms into dig pass to contact ball. He/she has arms straight and together on contact with the ball. He/she extends his/her legs to transfer weight upward to play the dig

upward /toward the target/receiver. He/she plays the ball high/upward towards the target/receiver.


He/she should move more quickly to get in line with the ball. He/she should bend his/her legs more to get under the ball. He/she should extend the arms straight/together in front of the body. He/she should transfer his/her weight upward on contact with the ball. He/she should play the ball upward toward the setter/receiver.

S pike


He/she steps back from net/to right/left to get ball in front of him/her. He/she times approach run up to judge the flight of the ball to hit at top of

jump. He/she jumps in toward the net from one foot, to take off on two feet. He/she bends his/her legs before jumping. He/she powerfully extends/straightens the legs to drive upwards. He/she jumps straight up high, without touching the net. He/she swings hitting arm back above and behind his/her head. He/she brings hitting hand forward to hit/spike the ball powerfully

downward. He/she bends knees on landing.


He/she should step back more from the net to get the ball in front of them.

He/she should drive up higher off two feet. He/she should bend his/her knees more on take off. He/she should jump up higher to get hitting arm above the height of the net. He/she should bring his/her hitting arm back behind the head more in

preparation. He/she should hit the spike harder/downward toward the floor.

B lock


No.x sidesteps quickly along net to position yourself in front of the spiker. No.x times jump to jump at the same time as the spiker. No.x has feet side by side, bending the knees in preparation. No.x jumps straight up high. No.x has arms extend straight up with hands together, palms facing forward

to block spike. No.x lands with knees bent. No.x moves quickly back from the net to attacking support position. No.x moves closer to team mate to be side by side in front of spiking player. No.x times jump at same time as team mate to jump together at the same

time as the spiker. No.x jumps high with hands together beside team mates to block.


He/she/no.x should move quicker to the side to jump in front of the spiker. He/she/no.x should jump up at the same time as the spiker to block the spike. He/she/no.x should jump higher to block the spike. He/she/no.x should stretch up more with the hands together to block the spike. He/she/no.x should move quickly to cover behind the block if not blocking spike.

No.x should get closer to no.y side by side before jumping together to block the spike.

No.x and no.y should jump high together at the same time to block the spike. No.x and no.y should get their hands closer together when blocking the spike. No. x should move to cover behind the block if not jumping to block the spike.

Serve (right handed server)


He/she/no.x stands with left foot forward and right foot back (right handed server).

He/she/no.x bends knees slightly, weight on back/right foot. He/she/no.x raises hitting/right hand up to side of /above head. He/she/no.x tosses ball up in front of body/above head/with the left hand. He/she/no.x swings arm forward to hit the ball with heel of hitting/right

hand. He/she/no.x transfers weight from back/right foot to front/left foot. He/she/no.x jogs forward onto the court into the ready to receive position.


He/she/no.x should stand side on with his/her left foot forward before serving (right-handed server).

He/she/no.x should take his/her hitting hand back more in preparation. He/she/no.x should throw the ball up higher in front of the head/body. He/she/no.x should transfer their weight quicker through the serve. He/she/no.x should hit the serve harder with a quicker arm action. He/she/no.x should jog forward onto the court after serving to get ready to

receive the return.

Gymnastics

General points

In cartwheel/handspring/head spring, go straight over keeping body in same plane of movement, keeping hips above the shoulders.

In back flip arch back. Bend your knees on landing. Spot landing, finish in stillness with feet together, legs straight, body

extended and arms/hands extended pointing straight up after jump/turn/vault.

In gymnastics sequence identify which skill you are referring to. ie. Forward roll/headstand/2nd balance.

(If describing a pairs balance/routine always clearly identify which of the gymnasts you are taking about)

.


He/she keeps his/her legs straight/toes pointed in the cartwheel. He/she arches his/her back in the back flip. He/she bends his/her knees on landing. He/she spots his/her landing to finish in stillness. He/she tucks in tightly in the 2nd roll.


He/she should try to keep her arms/legs/body in the same plane/in the one line in the cartwheel.

He/she should arch her back more in the back flip. He/she should bend his/her legs more on landing. He/she should finish in stillness with his/her hands straight up above his/her head.

B alances

General principles of balance

The larger the base, the easier it is to hold the balance in stillness. The lower the centre of gravity, the easier it is to hold the balance. The higher the centre of gravity, the more difficult it is to hold the balance. To hold a balance steady, keep the body weight above the base of support. Control the speed of the movement into a balance to stop and hold the

balanced position.


He/she has a large triangular base in the headstand. He/she keeps his/her hips above his/her shoulders in the headstand. His/her hands are shoulder width apart in the handstand.


He/she should have a larger triangular base in the headstand. He/she should have his/her hands shoulder width apart in the handstand. He/she should keep his/her hips above his/her shoulders in the headstand. He/she should move slower into the headstand position so that he/she does not

keep falling over.

S tretched position


He/she holds his/her up/in line with his/her body. He/she keeps his/her arms tense when doing the handstand.. He/she keeps his/her arms and legs straight in the handstand. He/she has his/her toes pointed in the headstand..


He/she should hold his/her head straight up in the finish position. He/she should straighten his/her legs in the handstand. He/she should point his/her toes more in the headstand.

T ucked position


He/she keeps his/her head tucked in when rolling.. He/she keeps his/her body tightly tucked in the forward/2nd roll.. He/she keeps his/her legs together in the backward/1st roll He/she has a rounded back when rolling.


He/she should tuck his/her head in more in the forward roll. He/she should curve his/her back more to tuck in tighter. He/she should keep his/her legs together in the forward roll.

S omersault

He/she jumps high to sommersault giving him/her more time to rotate and land his/her feet.

He/she tucks in tightly when rolling to get a faster rotation. He/she opens up the body to slow his/her rotation. He/she swings is/her arms quickly to get faster rotation. He/she keeps his/her head in line with the body when somersaulting. He/she puts his/her head back and bring his/her knees to your chest in the

back somersault


He/she should jump higher into the front somersault. He/she should tuck in tighter to rotate faster. He/she should open up the body to slow down the rotation. He/she should increase the speed of his/her arm action to increase the speed of

rotation. He/she should keep his/her head in the same plane as his/her body in the front

somersault and not put his/her chin on his/her chest. He/she should put his/her head back in the back somersault. He/she should bring his/her knees up to his/her chest more in the back somersault.

Pairs balances/routines General information

Specifically identify the gymnast whose actions you are describing. Identify whether or not their movements are in time with each other. Identify whether or not they are facing each other. Identify whether or not they are moving away from or toward each other. Identify whether or not they are moving in line with each other. If the gymnasts perform different actions at the same time, identify each

gymnast (black/white leotard/on top etc) and describe what each does.


Both gymnasts roll forward towards each other. Both gymnasts step back while facing each other. The bottom gymnast pushes up vigorously while the top gymnast who is

standing on her hands stretches upwards.


The bottom gymnast should have a larger base to hold the balance more steady. The gymnast in the white leotard should have her legs straighter in the handstand. The gymnast in the black leotard should roll earlier to be in time with her partner. The gymnasts should stay in line with each other when they are rolling toward

each other.

Trampolining

Bouncing


He/she bounces in the centre (on the cross) of the trampoline. He/she holds his/her arms straight out to the side when bouncing for balance. He/she bounces high to give more time to perform movements/skill. He/she lands in the centre of the trampoline (on the cross) after each

movement/skill.


He/she should bounce closer to the centre of the trampoline when landing after a seat drop/back drop/front drop/somersault etc.

He/she should bounce higher when performing a somersault to get more time to rotate.

He/she should bounce higher when performing a swivel hips to get more time to turn 180 .

He/she should bounce higher out of a front drop to land in the centre of the trampoline.

He/she should bounce higher throughout the routine. He/she should hold his/her arms out to the side more when bouncing for better

balance/more control.

Tuck


He/she brings his/herknees up high to chest during tuck. He/she puts his/her arms around legs to hold to chest during tuck.

He/she has his/her legs bent and together during tuck.


He/she should lift his/her legs up higher/to chest during tuck jump. He/she should put his/her arms around legs to pull closer to chest during tuck

jump. He/she should keep his/her legs together during tuck jump.

Straddle jump


He/she jumps up high from centre of the trampoline to get time to perform straddle jump.

He/she keeps his/her head up/upper body straight during straddle jump. He/she raises his/her legs high out to the front/sides to perform the straddle

jump. He/she has his/her legs extended/toes pointed. His/her hands reach/extend forward/outward towards toes during straddle

jump. He/she lands on both feet in centre of trampoline after straddle jump.


He/she should jump higher when performing the straddle jump He/she should keep his/her head up more when performing the straddle jump. He/she should extend his/her legs/point the toes more when performing a straddle

jump. He/she should raise his/here legs higher/up and out to the sides when performing

a straddle jump. He/she should land more in the centre of the trampoline after the straddle jump.

Seat drop


He/she has his/her legs together and extended straight out in front during seat drop.

He/she places hands palm down/pointing forward/flat on bed/at side of hips during seat drop.

He/she bounces high out of seat drop to land on feet in centre of trampoline.


He/she should extend his/her legs out more in front of body during the seat drop. He/she should keep his/her legs together more during the seat drop. He/she should put his/her hands flat on bed beside hips during the seat drop. He/she should bounce higher out of the seat drop to land in the centre of the

trampoline.

Swivel hips


He/she bounces on seat with legs extended straight out/in front/together. He/she places hands palm down/facing forward beside hips during seat drop. He/she turns/twists/swivels the hips a half turn/180 to the right /left to land

facing the opposite direction. He/she raises his/her arms straight up above the head when twisting to

right/left.


He/she should extend his/her legs more out to the front when landing on the seat drop.

He/she should keep his/her legs together when twisting to the right/left. He/she should stretch both arms more above the head when performing a swivel

hips. He/she should turn/twist a full half turn 180 to land facing the opposite way after

a swivel hips.

Front drop


He/she bounces on front of body with body straight/legs straight and together/toes extended.

He/she stretches arms out in front of his/her head to lend palms down at the same time as the body.

He/she bounces high out of a front drop to land on the feet in the centre of the trampoline.


He/she should extend the body fully when landing on the front of the body in a front drop.

He/she should extend legs and point toes more when landing on the front of the body in a front drop.

He/she should hold hands/arms out in front to land at the same time as the body in the front drop.

Back drop


He/she stretches his/her arms out and up as back hits bed of trampoline. He/she keeps his/her legs straight/extended toward the ceiling/toes pointed as

back hits bed of the trampoline. He/she bounces high out of the back drop to land on both feet in the centre of

the trampoline.


He/she should stretch his/her arms more upward as back hits the trampoline bed. He/she should extend his/her legs more up towards the ceiling as the back hits the

bed of the trampoline. He/she should bounce higher out of the back drop to land on both feet in the

centre of the trampoline

Front somersault


He/she bounces high in the centre of the trampoline to get more time to rotate.

He/she throws his/her arms forward powerfully at the same time to help rotation.

He/she puts his/her head forward/chin into chest as he/she throws the arms forward/reaches the top of the jump.

He/she bends his/her knees and brings them into his/her chest (into a tight ball shape) to rotate quickly.


He/she should bounce higher when jumping up to somersault. He/she should throw his/her arms forward more powerfully when somersaulting. He/she should tuck in more tightly when somersaulting. He/she should keep his/her knees/legs together when somersaulting. He/she should land in the centre of the trampoline when coming out of a

somersault.

Back somersault


He/she bounces high in the centre of the trampoline to get more time to rotate.

He/she throws/snaps his/her head back to start the backward rotation/at the top of the jump.

He/she brings both knees to his/her chest as the head is thrown back. He/she lands in the centre of the trampoline when coming out of a back

somersault.


He/she should bounce higher when performing the back somersault. He/she should throw his/her head back more/quicker when performing the back

somersault. He/she should bring his/her knees into the chest more/tuck more tightly when

performing the back somersault. He/she should land closer to the centre of the trampoline when landing after a

back somersault.

Rhythmic gymnastics

Ball


He/she throws the ball straight up so that little movement is required to be under it as it falls.

He/she throws up/bounces the ball high to give time to get under it as it falls. He/she rolls the ball continually and smoothly down his/her body.


He/she should throw/strike the ball straight up higher so that he/she has more time to get under it as it falls.

He/she should bounce the ball higher so that he/she has more time to get underneath it as it falls.

He/she should roll the ball continuously/smoothly down his/her body/along the ground.

Hoop


He/she throws/kicks the hoop straight up so that little movement is required to be under it as it falls.

He/she throws the hoop up high so that he/she has more time to move in to position under it as it falls.

He/she rolled the hoop straight so that little movement was to catch it. He/she spun the hoop quickly/continually/fluently around his/her

arm/leg/waist/neck. .

He/she caught the hoop firmly with her leg arm/knees.


He/she should throw/strike the hoop straight up higher so that he/she has more time to get under it as it falls.

He/she should roll the hoop straight so that he/she does not have to adjust his/her position to collect it.

He/she should keep the hoop spinning continuously on his/her arm/waist/neck etc. He/she should catch the hoop more firmly/securely in his hands/arms/knees etc.

Ribbon


He/she continuously/fluently waves the ribbon while leaping..


He/she should keep the ribbon flowing more rhythmically and fluently.

Rope


He/she continuously swings the rope. He/she throws the rope straight up so that little movement is required to be

under it as it falls. He/she throws the rope up high so that little movement is required to be

under it as it falls.


He/she should swing rope continuously/more rhythmically. He/she should throw rope higher in air/straight up so that it is easier to catch (on

the arm/neck/leg) He/she should move to the side more to be under the rope the rope to catch it

more easily (on the arm/neck/leg)

Leap


He/she takes off on one/right/left foot. He/she keeps his/her legs straight/extended when leaping. He/she leaps high to land on opposite foot.


He/she should leap higher into the air. He/she should leap higher and further. He/she should extend/straighten his/her legs more in the leap

Dance

General

Watch both performances noting any differences between them. Watch the height of leaps/kicks etc. If group/partner watch the timing of the actions. Watch for which leg/arm/body part is up/down/swinging/in contact with the

ground etc. Are dancers facing /facing away from each other, moving towards/away from

each other, turning in same/different direction. Is any turn full (360º/ 3/4turn / 1/2 turn / 1/4 turn.)


He/she leaps high into the air. He/she keeps his/her legs straight when jumping. He/she stretches his/her leg straight out behind her. He/she stretches his/her right arm straight out to the side as he/she turns

around. Both dancers do a 360º turn to the left at the same time. Both dancers step back away from each other.


He/she should leap higher. He/she should have his legs straighter in the leap. He/she should jump/roll earlier to be in time with his/her partner. He/she should have his right arm/leg in front of his/her left in the finish position. He/she should swing his/her arms higher while side stepping. The dancer in the black leotard should turn earlier to be in time with the other

dancers.

SwimmingFront crawl

Arm action - alternate pulling action. Arm action – arm bent with elbow high. Arm action – finger tip entry into the water. Leg action – legs kick alternately to same depth. Leg action – legs pass each other close together. Leg action - legs almost straight, kicking from hip. Breathing action – breathe out through nose under the water. Breathing action – head rotates as elbow lifts high to take breath in. Breathing action – when lateral breathing swimmer always breathes to same

side. Breathing action – when bilateral breathing swimmer breathes alternately to

each side. Body position – streamlined. Co-ordinate breathing with stroke action.


He/she keeps her legs straight and side by side when doing the leg kick. He/she swims face down in the water. He/she swims in a streamlined position close to the surface of the water. His/her legs kick alternately. He/she has his/her elbow high in the arm action. He/she breathes twice to his/her left side.


He/she should lift the elbow higher out of the water in the arm action. He/she should use a fingertip entry in the arm action. He/she should have the legs closer together as the legs kick. He/she should kick the legs from the hip more. He/she should rotate the head to breathe and not lift it. He/she should have his/her body in a more streamlined position.

B ack crawl

Arm action – alternate pulling action. Arm action – arms straight passing close to ears in windmilling action. Arm action – pinkie finger enters water first. Arm action – arm bends at elbow under water and pulls down to waist. Leg action – legs kick alternately to same depth. Leg action – legs pass each other close together. Leg action - legs almost straight, kicking from hip. Body position – streamlined.


He/she reaches above the head to enter the water fingertip first. He/she swims while lying on his/her back. He/she swims in a streamlined position close to the surface of the water. He/she pulls with the arms alternately. He/she kicks alternately with straight legs/legs passing close together.


He/she should have his/her arms straighter, passing close to his/her ears. He /she should make her hand enter the water pinkie finger first. He/she should bend his/her arms more when pulling under the water. He/she should straighten his/her legs more and kick from the hips. He/she should keep his/her legs closer together when they pass each other. He/she should have his/her body in a more streamlined position.

B reast stroke

Arm action – symmetrical arm action (at same time). Arm action – from hands together arms extended out in front of body (glide

position), arms are pulled powerfully out and downward to the side. Arm action – hands then come in together to in centre in front of stomach. Arm action – hands extend forward together, to stretch straight out in front

of the body. Leg action – as the arms straighten in front of the body, the knees bend and

the heels come up to the bottom. Leg action – the legs then kick powerfully out to the sides and then

straighten. Body position – after the leg kick the body glides in a straight streamlined

position. Breathing action – as the arms pull powerfully out and downward the body

rises up to breathe in. Breathing action – the swimmer then breathes out as he/she glides forward.


He/she reaches forward with both hands at the same time. He/she pulls back to the hips with both hands at the same time. He/she raises his/her head up to breathe as he/she pushes down with his/her

hands. He/she kicks like a frog. His/her legs kick out to the sides at the same time and then kick powerfully

back together.


He/she should pull more powerfully outward and downward with the arms. He/she should kick out and around more powerfully with the legs. He/she should glide for longer after the leg kick. He/she should time the leg kick for when the arms are extending straight forward. He/she should breathe when the body rises up during the arm pull.

Butterfly

Arm action - symmetrical arm action (both at same time). Arm action - arms enter the water stretched out in front of the body,

fingertips first. Arm action - hands about shoulder width apart. Arm action - arms pull powerfully at the same time. Arm action - arms bend slightly as they pull powerfully down the sides of the

body to the waist. Arm action - arms come out of the water at the waist, elbows first, and are

thrown forward and out to the sides to enter the water in front of the body. Leg action – powerful dolphin like kick with the legs together/at same time. Leg action – double leg kick, smaller kick timed as the arms recover, followed

by larger kick timed as the arms are thrown forward. Breathing action – breathe in as body rises up when arms are thrown

forward. Breathing action - breathe out when face is in water as arms pull to waist. Body position – streamlined.


He/she throws his/her arms forward in front of him/her at the same time. He/she pulls powerfully back to his/her hips with both arms at the same time. He/she rises up to breathe as his/her arms are thrown forward. He/she kicks like a dolphin. His/her legs kick with a small kick then a big kick. His/her legs are together and kick at the same time.


He/she should make the arms enter the water at the same time, fully extended in front of the body.

He/she should pull more powerfully with the arms to the waist. He/she should keep the legs together in the dolphin leg kick. He/she should time the larger leg kick for when the arms are thrown forward. He/she should breath in when the body rises up as the arms are thrown forward. He/she should have his/her body in a more streamlined position.

Touch turn


His/her hands touch wall at the same time. He/she turns quickly to put both feet against the wall. He/she powerfully straighten legs against the wall to drive off. He/she drives off in a streamlined position.


He/she should touch the wall with both hands at the same time. He/she should turn quicker to put both feet against the wall. He/she should kick harder off the wall. He/she should drive off the wall in a more streamlined position.

Tumble turn


He/she swims fast toward the wall. He/she pulls both arms powerfully to his/her sides. He/she pulls his/her head toward his/her knees, bending from the waist. He/she puts his/her feet together as he/she moves into tuck position. He/she puts his/her arms above and in front of the head. He/she places both feet on the wall. He/she extends his/her legs to powerfully drive off the wall. He/she has his/her body in streamlined position with feet together. He/she kick his/herlegs in butterfly dolphin action to surface.


He/she should have a faster approach to the wall. He/she should start to turn closer to the wall. He/she should pull his/her head down more powerfully at the start of the turn. He/she should bend more from the waist at the start of the turn. He/she should have the feet together in the turn. He/she should put both feet together on the wall. He/she should drive harder from the wall. He/she should kick harder with the legs to the surface.

Diving

Diving from poolside


He/she has toes over edge of poolside in preparation. He/she has feet together on poolside. His /her arms are above head to form Y shape with body. His/her palms are facing sideways. His/her knees bend in preparation for the dive. He/she leans forward and powerfully extend legs to stretch body out in dive. His/her fingers enter the water first. His/her head is between arms on entry. His/her legs are straight on entry. His/her legs are together on entry. He/she has a streamlined body position after entry. S he/she does a strong leg kick to surface. His/her hands are together when gliding to the surface.


He/she should have his/her toes over the edge of the pool in preparation. He/she should have his/her feet together on the poolside. He/she should have his/her arms and body more in a Y shape in preparation. He/she should bend his/her knees more in preparation for the dive. He/she should extend/straighten the legs more powerfully to dive further out from

the side. He/she should have her head between his/her arms on entry. He/she should have his/her legs straight/together on entry. He/she should have a more streamlined body position after entry. He/she should have a stronger leg kick to the surface. He/she should have his/her hands together when gliding to the surface.

Diving from a springboard


If front facing dive He/she accelerates to the end of the board. He/she has a long last jump/stride from one foot to two feet. He/she takes off on two feet on the edge of the board. He/she bounces high on board in preparation. He/she bounces up/takes off high into the air.

If back facing dive He/she bounces gently without leaving the board. He/she bends his/her knees deeply before extending upward off board to

jump high.


He/she should go faster along the board to take off. He/she should take off on two feet. He/she should take off closer to the edge of the board. He/she should bounce once on the board before take off. He/she should bounce higher upward of the board.

Tuck


He/she holds his/her knees close to chest. He/she keeps his/her body in tight tuck shape.


He/she should tuck in tighter. He/she should hold his/her knees to his/her chest.

Pike


His/her legs are kept straight/together with toes pointed in pike position.. He/she holds his/her legs straight against the chin/chest.


He/she should keep his/her legs straighter/together. He/she should point his/her toes more. He/she should have his/her legs closer to his/her body.

Twist


He/she puts the opposite arm to the direction of the twist across body when twisting. (i.e. left arm across body if twisting right )

He/she keeps body straight when twisting. His/her legs are kept together/toes pointed when twisting.


He/she should put his/her right arm across the chest more when twisting to the left.

He/she should keep his/her body straight/extended when twisting. He/she should extend his/her legs and point toes more when twisting.

Entry


His/her body enters water vertically with very little splash. His/her arms are straight/together on entry, fingers first. His/her legs are straight/together on entry. His/her toes are pointed on entry. He/she enters the water slightly out from the edge of the board. He/she enters water vertically/upside down.


He/she should enter the water with his/her body straighter. He/she should have his/her legs straighter/together on entry. He/she should point his/her toes more on entry. He/she should enter the water closer to the board.

Water polo


He/she swims forward keeping the ball between his/her arms. He/she picks ball up in right/left/both hands. He/she fakes a pass to his/her right/left with his/her right/left hand. He/she passes the ball from overhead/overarm with his/her right/left

hand. He/she passes the pass diagonally to the right/left/side of the pool with

his/her right/left hand. He/she swims forward/diagonally to the right/left to receive the return

pass. He/she fakes a shot at goal with his/her right/left hand. He/she shoots overarm/with right/left hand into the right side of goal/top

left corner of goal.


He/she should keep the ball between his/her arms when swimming forward. He/she should pass the ball directly to/in front of team mate. He/she should swim quicker into space/to side of pool to receive return pass. He/she should shoot earlier before the defender/keeper can close him/her

down/block the shot. He/she should shoot harder/away from the keeper.

Life saving

Survival entry


He/she jumps forward with legs wide apart, left leg in front of right leg He/she leans the upper body forward when jumping. He/she has arms straight out to the side when jumping. He/she puls the legs powerfully together when they enter the water. He/she pulls his/her arms powerfully down towards his/her sides to hit

down on the surface of the water. He/she keeps his/her head above the water.


He/she should have his/her legs further apart on entry. He/she should pull his /her legs more powerfully together on entry. He/she should lean forward morew hen jumping. He/she should pull his/her arms more powerfully downwards to hit the surface

of the water. He/she should keep his/her head above the water.

Surface dive


He/she breast strokes forward. He/she pulls straight arms powerfully downwards/at same time/in front of

body/towards bottom of pool. He/she pikes his/her body/head first to bottom of pool with lower body

flat on surface. He/she raises legs straight up/vertical/together/straight/above body. He/she dives straight down to the bottom of he pool


He/she should pull his/her arms pore powerfully downwards in front of him/her.

He/she should pull arms downwards at the same time. He/she should raise legs up together/more vertically/straighter/at same time.

Throwing aid to swimmer


Rescuer throws the ball/ring/rope underarm/overarm directly to the swimmer with his right/left hand.


Rescuer should throw the ball/ring/rope more powerfully to reach the swimmer.

Rescuer should throw the ball/ring/rope directly to the swimmer.

Approaching swimmer to be rescued


He/she dives down to swim under swimmer and resurfaces behind them. He/she slowly/gently turns swimmer onto back/towards rescuer. He/she keeps swimmers head above the water when turning.


He/she should swim further to resurface behind swimmer. He/she should turn the swimmer more slowly/gently. He/she should keep swimmers head above the water when turning.

Chin tow


Rescuer places his/her right/left hand under swimmers chin. Rescuer pulls swimmer through the water with a straight right/left arm. Rescuer swims on his/her back using breaststroke leg action. Rescuer pushes water back with right/left/non-towing arm.


Rescuer should hold swimmers chin more firmly with right/left hand. Rescuer should keep his/her right/left arm straight when towing. Rescuer should kick harder. Rescuer should push back more with his/her right/left/non-towing arm.

Cross chest tow


Rescuer places his/her right/left hand across swimmers chest.

Rescuer swims on his/her side using sidestroke leg action. Rescuer pushes water back with right/left/non-towing arm.


Rescuer should hold swimmers across chest more firmly with right/left hand. Rescuer should kick legs harder. Rescuer should push back more with his/her right/left/non-towing arm.

Towing with float


Rescuer reaches out towards swimmer with float in right/left hand. Swimmer grips the float firmly in both hands. Rescuer pulls swimmer through water with straight right/left arm. Rescuer swims on side using sidestroke leg action.


Rescuer should reach out further to swimmer with float. Swimmer should grip float more firmly with both hands. Rescuer should keep right/left arm straight when towing. Rescuer should kick legs harder.

TennisServe


He/she has feet apart one in front of the other.

He/she throws the ball high/straight up in front of/above his/her head. He/she reaches up after the ball with the throwing/non-serving hand. His/her non-serving hand points at the ball. He/she takes the racquet back behind head in preparation. He/she swings the racquet head through quickly to strike the ball. He/she straightens his/her serving arm on contact. He/she hits the ball in front of/above his/her head. He/she transfers his/her weight from back foot to front foot as he/she strikes

the ball.


He/she should stand more side on with feet apart, left foot in front of right foot. (right handed player.)

He/she should throw the ball higher/straight up in front of/above his/her head. He/she should reach up more with the throwing arm towards the ball. He/she should take a bigger back swing. He/she should swing the racquet through faster at the ball. He/she should hit the ball higher above/in front of his/her head. He/she should transfer weight quicker from the back(right)foot to the front(left

foot)

Tennis/badminton/table tennis/volleyball – shot placement


He/she serves the ball/shuttle wide/high/fast/hard/with spin.

He/she plays return shots/forehand shot hard/fast/up the line/into back corner.

He/she plays shots away from receiver to make them move so that the shot is more difficult to return.


He/she should play the serve into space away from the receiver to make them move, making the return shot more difficult.

He/she should play the shot/serve faster/harder over the net to make it more difficult for the receiver to return the shot.

Tennis/badminton/table tennis/volleyball – shot description net

3

4

2

1

1. Shot played diagonally to the back right hand side of the court/table.2. Shot played straight to the back centre of the court/table (centre of the court

does not have to be exactly on the centre line).3. Shot played diagonally to the middle of the court/table on the left side.4. Shot played straight to the front middle of the court/table.

(be prepared to name the specific shot used).

Athletics

S hot putt Side on throw


He/she holds the shot in his/her fingers against neck.

His/her elbow points out away from body. He/she puts weight on back foot in preparation(right foot for right-handed

athlete). Body leans back with weight above back (right foot) His/her non-throwing hand points up at angle of release( 45 ). He/she side steps quickly from right to left foot across the circle (right handed

athlete). He/she transfers weight quickly from back (right) foot to front (left) foot. He/she releases the shot upward and outward at angle of 45 . He/she follows through powerfully upward and outward after the shot.


He/she should hold the shot in the base of his/her fingers. He/she should hold the shot against his/her neck. He/she should side step quicker across the circle. He/she should transfer weight quicker from the back (right foot) to the front (left

foot). He/she should release the shot upward and forward at an angle of 45 . He/she should follow through after the shot, more powerfully, with the throwing

hand.

Shot putt T-method


He/she faces back of circle, balancing on right foot, leaning forward, body in T shape.

His/her left leg is straight out behind him/her pointing toward the front of the circle.

His/her left arm held out straight toward the back of the circle.

He/she holds shot against neck in fingers, elbow out. He/she hops backward on right foot (right-handed athlete). He/she turns to the left and plants left foot. He/she turns the body quickly 180 to the left, transferring weight onto the

front (left foot). His/her left arm is held straight out and up at angle of 45 . He/she releases shot outward and upward at angle of 45 . He/she follows through outward and upward after the shot. He/she continues turning to the left, stepping onto right feet, still in the circle. He/she steps out of the back half of the circle.


He/she should raise his/her back (left) leg more/parallel to the ground in the T position.

He/she should have the shot held against his/her neck with his/her elbow raised higher/away from the side.

He/she should hop backward quicker across the circle on his/her right foot. He/she should turn more quickly to the left when turning across the circle. He/she should point up/forward at a 45 angle with the non-throwing hand on

release. He/she should release the shuttle at an angle of 45 . He/she should follow through more powerfully upward/ outward after the shot/at

an angle of 45 . He/she should stop before stepping forward out of the circle.

Discus


He/she starts facing out of the back of the circle. He/she holds discus on fingertips in right hand. He/she swings around to the right, bending his/her knees, transferring weight

onto right foot. He/she turns hand over, palm/discus facing up. He/she swings back to the left, transferring weight onto his/her left foot.

He/she turns hand/discus over facing down, keep it swinging to meet left hand repeatedly.

As discus comes through he/she starts to turn quickly to the left. He/she steps left, right, left while spinning around quickly. He/she plants final left foot at front of the circle transferring the weight

forward from his/her right (back) foot onto the left (front foot) at the front of the circle.

He/she pulls the discus through with his/her right hand from level with the back (right) knee, upward and forward.

He/she keeps hand over discus with palm facing down. As he/she turns through, his/her arm straightens to release the discus

forward out of the front of the hand at an angle of about 45 . He/she continues to spin to the left stepping onto his/her left foot, still in the

circle. He/she walks out of the back half of the circle.


He/she should start facing backward out of the circle. He/she should swing the discus held on the fingertips. He/she should turn quicker to the left when spinning across the circle. He she should spin faster across the circle. He/she should have his/her arm straight out from the body when spinning around

the circle. He/she should bend the knees more when spinning across the circle. He/she should pull the discus from knee height to start the release. He/she should hold the discus with his/her hand palm down on release. He/she should release the discus out of the front of his/her hand. He/she should release the discus with a straight arm upward/outward at an angle

of 45 . He/she should keep spinning to the left after release to stop before stepping out of

the front of the circle..

Athletics – javelin


He/she holds javelin in right hand/above head/palm up/elbow bent. He/she runs forward quickly to the line. He/she has non-throwing arm stretched forward. He/she turns to the left to be side on for throw. He/she takes a long last stride. He/she plants the left foot in front of the body. He/she extends throwing/right arm fully back behind head before release. He/she pulls the right/throwing arm through high/powerfully.

He/she throws javelin up and forward/ releases javelin high. He/she stops quickly before crossing the line. He/she follows through down and across his/her body with the throwing arm. He/she pulls the non-throwing arm back on release.


He/she should carry the javelin higher above his/her head. He/she should carry the javelin with palm up. He/she should run up faster to the line. He/she should take a longer last stride. He/she should turn more side on before release. He/she should extend the throwing arm back further. He/she should put more power into the throw. He/she should follow through more with the right/throwing arm after release.

Hammer


He/she stands feet apart, facing backward at back of circle. He/she holds hammer at right side of body in two hands. He/she swings hammer, circling it twice around his/her head while still facing

backward. He/she raises his/her hand higher, above head height while swinging

hammer. He/she turns quickly to the left, spinning across the circle to the front of the

circle.

He/she makes 3 rotations, spinning on his/her left foot while stepping onto his/her right foot.

He/she extends both arms in front of the body. He/she releases the hammer forward and upward out of the front of the

circle. His/her arms are extended high above the head after release. His/her left side is at front of circle on release. Both of his/her arms follow through high. He/she hops onto his/her right foot after release to stay in the circle. He/she walks out of the back of the circle


He/she should start by swinging the hammer twice around the body while facing out of the back of the circle.

He/she should spin faster across the circle. He/she should have his/her hands extended higher out in front of him/her while

spinning across the circle. He/she should release the hammer higher at an angle of 45 . He/she should release the hammer with hands/arms held higher. He/she should hop onto the right foot after release to stay in the circle.

Hurdles


He/she runs over the hurdles. As he/she jumps he/she just clears the hurdles. He/she leads with straight/right/leftleg going just over the hurdle. He/she puts bends other leg with knee pointing out to the side. He/she leans body forward with opposite arm to leading leg straight forward. He/she brings his/her leading foot down as soon as possible after clearing the

hurdle. He/she takes the same number of steps between the hurdles.


He/she should jump lower over the hurdles. He/she should have his/her leading leg straighter when jumping over the hurdle. He/she should have his/her non-leading leg higher out to the side when jumping. He/she should have his/her body leaning forward more when jumping. He/she should bring his/her leading leg down quicker after clearing the hurdle. He/she should take the same number of steps between the hurdles before jumping.

L ong jump


He/she has a fast accelerating approach run. He/she takes a long last stride, planting take off foot on board. He/she dips his/her body on take off with take off leg bent. He/she powerfully straightens his/her leg to drive upward and outward on

take off. He/she takes off on one foot from board. He/she swings arms upward on take off. He/she jumps high, cycling his/her legs in the air.

He/she lands with feet side by side. He/she bends knees when landing. He/she falls forward on landing.


He/she should have a faster run up to the board. He/she should take a longer last stride when planting his/her foot on the board. He/she should bend the take off leg more and dip before driving upward on take

off. He/she should extend/straighten the take off leg more powerfully to drive up

higher on take off. He/she should swing arms up more on take off. He/she should cycle with the legs more during the flight. He/she should bend knees more on landing. He/she should step/fall forward when landing.

High jump

Fosbury flop


He/she steps back on left foot before starting run up. He/she has a curved approach run. He/she runs in front of/across the face of the bar. He/she has a long last stride onto foot furthest from the bar (left foot). He/she bends take off leg. He/she powerfully straightens take off leg to drive upwards off one/left foot. He/she swings arms upward on take off. He/she gets hips higher than bar.

He/she arches back to clear the bar. He/she flicks his/her lower legs upward to avoid hitting the bar. He/she lands on back on crash mat.


He/she should curve his/her approach run more to angle approach across the front off the bar.

He/she should run quicker toward the bar. He/she should take off on one foot. He/she should take a longer last stride to bend his/her leg more before take off. He/she should jump upward/drive up higher on take off. He/she should swing up more with the arms to gain height on take off. He/she should arch his/her back more to push hips upward to clear the bar. He/she should flick the legs upward more at the end of the jump to clear the bar.

Scissors jump


He/sheteps back on left foot before starting run up. He/she has a curved approach run. He/she takes off on foot furthest from the bar (left foot). He/she takes a long last stride and bends take off leg on take off. He/she powerfully drives upward off one/left foot. His/her right leg swings up straight to swing over the bar. He/she goes over the bar in a sitting position with left leg swinging up and

over as the right leg comes down to land first.


He/she should curve his/her approach run more to angle approach across the front off the bar.

He/she should run quicker toward the bar. He/she should take off on one foot. He/she should take a longer last stride to bend his/her leg more before take off. He/she should jump upward/drive up higher on take off.

S print start


Set position He she puts feet flat against blocks. He/she puts his/her fingers on line. He/she puts his/her right knee on ground, left foot on ground beside right

knee.


He/she should put his/her fingers on the line.

On your marks position


He/she rises up with weight on hands. He/she holds shoulders above the hands. He/she has both knees bent and raised off ground in preparation. He/she has head up looking straight down the track.


He/she should have his/her shoulders above his/her hands. He/she should look straight down the track before the gun fires.

Go


He/she powerfully straighten his/her legs to apply force to drive off the blocks.

He/she drives upwards and forward, arms coming off the ground. He/she stays low rising up gradually into sprinting position.


He/she should extend/straighten the legs more powerfully to drive faster outward and upward out of the blocks.

He/she should stay lower at the start, rising up gradually to an upright sprinting position.

Relay baton changing

Receiver looked back at approaching baton carrier. Baton carrier ran into changeover at full speed. When baton carrier reached a pre-arranged mark on the track, he/she

shouted “Go”. When receiver heard the shout and saw the baton carrier reach the mark

he/she faced forward and started to accelerate as quickly as possible. The receiver stretcheed his/her receiving hand out behind her to receive the

baton. Receiver did not look back. Baton carrier placed the baton into receivers’ outstretched hand before they

passed the changeover limit mark. Both runners were travelling at top speed when the changeover occurred.


The receiver should delay starting to run so that the baton carrier can catch him/her.

The baton carrier should run earlier so that he/she is moving at full speed when receiving the baton.

The receiver should keep facing forward when running and not look back. The baton carrier should shout “Go” to tell the receiver when to run. The receiver should have extended his/her hand further back.

Canoeing

Paddling


He/she paddled equally on both sides. He/she paddled alternately on both sides. He/she kept both hands on the paddle. He/she paddled with hands high and paddle upright. He/she put the paddle in the water close to the side of the canoe.


He/she should paddle equally on both sides. He/she should paddle alternately to both sides. He/she should keep both hands on the paddle.

He/she should keep hands higher when paddling. He/she should put paddle in water closer to the side of the boat.

Stopping the canoe


He paddles backward vigorously on both sides of the canoe. He/she keeps hands high when back paddling. He/she puts paddle in water close to the side of the boat.


He/she should back paddle equally on both sides. He/she should back paddle alternately on both sides. He/she should keep both hands on the paddle when back paddling. He/she should keep hands higher when back paddling. He/she should put paddle in water closer to the side of the boat when back

paddling. He/she should back paddle more vigorously

Capsizing the canoe


He/she put paddle on right/left side parallel to the canoe. He/she leaned over paddle to right/left side to capsize the canoe.


He/she should put the paddle closer to the side and parallel to the canoe.

Up-righting the canoe


He/she puts paddle across the bottom of the capsized boat.

He/she pulled down powerfully with right/left hand/with paddle under water until upright.

He/she flicked his/her hips upward to get upright.


He/she should put paddle across the bottom of the canoe. He/she should pull down more powerfullywith paddle.

To turn canoe


He/she paddled on right/left side only. He/she uses reverse paddling on right/left side only.


He/she should forward/reverse paddle on right/left/one side only to turn. He/she should paddle more powerfully on one side only. He/she should paddle more powerfully on one side only to turn quicker.

Similarities/Differences in Skill Performance

General

When attempting to identify similarities/differences in skill performance consider:

If hitting ball/shuttle:

Where ball/shuttle is hit in relation to body. ie. In front/at right/left side/above head etc.

Are both hit from same place in court/pitch. Is same or different foot/hand used. Is same or different part of racquet/stick used. ie. forehand/backhand. How high is ball/shuttle in each hit. How much power is put into each hit.

If holding/moving through a position

Height of body. ie. high or low Is body stretched or tucked. Are arms legs bent/stretched. Is head up or down. What speed does body or part of the body move at in each skill

Similarities/differences in skill performance

Activity Skill Technique 1

Technique 2

Similarities Differences

Badminton Serve Forehand Short serve

Backhand Short serve

UnderarmFrom same place.Soft/low over net

Forehand/backhand Different side of

Racquet used. Racquet more

horizontal in backhand serve.

Badminton Serve Forehand Low serve

ForehandHigh serve

Underarm From same

place. Point of

contact same. Both hit in

front of body.

Bigger backswing in high serve.

Faster swing of racquet in high serve.

Bigger follow through after hit in high serve.

Volleyball Serve Overarm serve

Underarm serve

Both hit with heel of palm/hand.

Overhead serve hit above head, underarm serve hit at waist height.

Both hit in front of body.

Hand follows through after ball

Ball thrown up with left/non-hitting hand.

Step forward onto court after hitting serve.

Golf Pitch High pitch Low pitch and run

Both shots are hit in front of player.

One pitch goes high in the air to land on the green, the other flies low and bounces along the ground to the green.

Athletics High jump

Role Fosbury Both jumps take off on left foot.

Both jumps drive upwards to clear the bar.

Role takes off on foot closest to the bar, Fosbury takes off on foot furthest from bar.

Fosbury jumps with back to bar, role jumps with front to bar.

Fosbury approaches from right side of bar

Activity Skill Technique 1

Technique 2

Similarities Differences

Hockey Pass Push pass Hit Both hit with front stick.

Both hit in front of body.

Legs shoulder width apart in both.

No backswing in push pass/backswing in hit.

Hands split in push pass/hands together in hit.

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