Spring 2000 John Kristoff 1

Physical Layer

Computer Networks

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Numbering Systems

BinaryHexadecimalDecimal

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Transmission of Information

From Physics Energy Electromagnetic wave propogation

From Mathematics Coding Theory

Spring 2000 John Kristoff 4

Analog and Digital Signaling

Spring 2000 John Kristoff 5

Amplitude Modulation

Spring 2000 John Kristoff 6

Frequency Modulation

Spring 2000 John Kristoff 7

Baseband and Broadband

Spring 2000 John Kristoff 8

Phase Modulation

Spring 2000 John Kristoff 9

Modems

Spring 2000 John Kristoff 10

Digital Encoding

Spring 2000 John Kristoff 11

CSU/DSU

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Undesirable Effects and Limitations

Propagation DelayBandwidthNoiseInterferenceDistortionAttenuation

Spring 2000 John Kristoff 13

Sampling and Nyquist’s Theorem

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Shannon’s Limit

Corrects for SNR

Encoding more bits per cycle time helps, but you cannot overcome the fundamental physical limits of a real transmission system.

Spring 2000 John Kristoff 15

Timing

Asynchronous bit level

Synchronous character level

Isochronous timing coordination must be successful

Spring 2000 John Kristoff 16

Transmission Media

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Connectors

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Media Test and Measurement

Hands-on Demo

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Repeaters

Signal RegenerationClean upAmpliflyDistance Extension

Spring 2000 John Kristoff 20

Hubs

Repeater functionality, plus...Concentration PointSignal Distribution DeviceManagement Functions

Spring 2000 John Kristoff 21

Throughput versus Bandwidth

Usable capacityDetermined by

engineering

Electrical PropertyDetermined by

physics