OLR(1980)27(12) A. Physical Oceanography 849

obtained northwest of the Ryukyu Islands 1956- 1975. A relationship (lagged by about 2 months) between Kuroshio surface velocity variations and the wind stress curl near the Hawaiian Islands is identified. Institute of Oceanology, Academia Sinica, People's Republic of China. (izs)

80:5787 Hamon, B. V., 1979. Direct measurements of

ocean currents over the continental slope off Sydney [Australia]. Aust. J. mar. Freshwat. Res., 30(6): 833-836.

Deep ocean current measurements (May 1979) were made using four neutrally buoyant floats at mean depths of 766, 1251, 1519 and 1886 m. All four floats moved north-northeastward ap- proximately parallel to the depth contours, with mean speeds, over the 3-4 day tracking period, in the range 5-9 cm s - ' . The surface current, es- timated from ship's set, was northeastward at 25 crn s ~'. Division of Fisheries and Oceanography, CSIRO, P.O. Box 21, Cronulla, N.S.W. 2230, Australia.

80:5788 Herring, J. R., 1980. A note on Owens ' mesoocale

eddy simulation. J. phys. Oceanogr., 10(5): 804 -806.

Using the statistical theory of turbulence, the proposal (Owens, 1979) that the small-scale Eulerian acceleration is accurately predicted by a Taylor frozen field hypothesis is analyzed. It is shown that Owens' rms acceleration spectrum is expected according to the direct interaction ap- proximation; his efficiency factor is related to the degree of 'staticness' of the large-scale Eulerian field. The usefulness of such Eulerian information in diagnosing the dynamics of quasi-geostrophic flow is briefly discussed. National Center for At- mospheric Research, Boulder, Colo. 80307, U.S.A.

80:5789 Jing, Zhenhua and Pangen Xi, 1979. One kind of

atmosphere-ocean three-layer model for calculating the velocity of ocean currents. (In Chinese; English abstract.) Oceanol. Lim- nol. sin., 10(4): 307-318.

The model combines a 2-layer atmosphere (a tur- bulent boundary layer topped by an Ekman layer) with an oceanic surface-to-bottom vertical tur- bulence layer to calculate horizontal and vertical current velocities. Satisfactory results were ob- tained when the method was applied to the Kuroshio in the East China Sea. Shandong College of Oceanology, People's Republic of China. (izs)

80:5790 Kremser, U. and K. Retake, 1980. Stromungs-

messungen an der Ostseekuste mit Hilfe der

Thermoanemometrie. [Baltic Sea current measurements along the G.D.R. coast using thermoanemometry.] Gerl. Beitr. Geophys., 89(2): 123-128. Akademie der Wissenschaften der DDR, Institut fur Meereskunde, DDR-253 Rostock-Warnemunde, Seestrasse 15, D.R.G.

9. Water masses and fronts

80:5791 Kao, T. W., 1980. The dynamics of oceanic fronts.

I. The Gulf Stream. J. phys. Oceanogr., 10(4): 483-492.

An investigation of the dynamics of the establish- ment and maintenance of large-scale oceanic fronts shows that, in the light water pool, the sur- face jet exhibits anticyclonic shear. Across the front, cyclonic shear is present. Comparisons with hydrographic features of the Gulf Stream show good agreement. Department of Civil Engineering, The Catholic University of America, Washington, D.C. 20064, U.S.A. (mcs)

80:5792 MacVean, M. K. and J. D. Woods, 1980.

Redistribution of scalars during upper ocean frontogencsis : a numer ica l model . Q. Jl R. met. Soc., 106(448): 293-311.

The formation of two-dimensional fronts by a baro- tropic horizontal stretching deformation field indicates that this is an important mechanism in upper ocean frontogenesis. Turbulent mixing may be important in the later stages of the formation of fronts. Meteorology Department, Reading Univer- sity, U.K. (mcs)

10. Optical properties of seawater (color, transparency, inanimate sus- pended matter, fluorescence, etc.)

80:5793 Gube, Marianne, Johannes Schmetz, Ehrhard

Raschke (comments) and J. G. Cogley (reply), 1980. Comments on 'The albedo of water as a function of lat i tude. ' Mon. Weath. Rev., 108(6): 830-832.

12. Tides and sea level

80:5794 Allison, H. and A. Grassia, 1979. Sporadic sea-

level oscillations along the Western

850 A. Physical Oceanography 0LR(1980)27(12)

Australian coastline. Aust. J. mar. Freshwat. Res., 30(6): 723-730.

Sporadic sea-level oscillations with periods of about 30 minutes noted along the coast of Western Australia are thought to be generated by long waves originating in the Indian Ocean and then magnified by resonance in a near shore channel. Peak wave activity can be correlated with solar ac- tivity and season, implying an ocean resonance mechanism similar to that described for harbors by Miles and Munk (1961). The waves have the capability of augmenting swell heights, increasing erosive action and modifying the distribution of bottom sediments. Division of Land Resources Management, CSIRO, Wembley, W.A. 6014. (hbf)

80:5795 Dressler, Reinhard, 1980. Hydrodynamisch-

numerische Untersuchungen der M~-Gezeit und einiger Tsunamis im europaischen Mittelmeer. [Hydrodynamic-numerical in- vestigation of the M2-tide and some tsunamis in the European sector of the Mediterranean Sea.l Mitt. Inst. Meeresk. Univ. Hamb. , 23: 1-30. Ins t i tu to de Oceanografia, Manzanillo, Secretaria de Marina, Manzanillo/Col., Mexico.

80:5796 Enfield, D. B. and J. S. Allen, 1980. On the struc-

ture and dynamics of monthly mean sea level anomalies along the Pacific coast of North and South America. J. phys. Oceanogr., 10(4): 557°578.

A study of anomalies of monthly mean sea level, coastal sea surface temperature and alongshore wind stress for the eastern Pacific shows that positive and negative anomalies are well correlated throughout the tropics. The propagation of sea level anomalies is estimated to be 180 ± 100 kin/day. School of Oceanography, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Ore. 97331, U.S.A. (mcs)

80:5797 Lie, Heung-Jae, 1979. Effects of atmospheric

pressure and wind stress on daily mean sea level in the Bay of Biscay: analysis of con- tinental shelf waves. J. oceanol. Soc. Korea, 14(2): 45-53.

Statistical analysis reveals adjusted sea levels to be more related to longshore wind stress than to onshore wind stress. Observed phase and time lags between (adjacent station) adjusted sea levels are explained by barotropic shelf wave theory (northward-travelling continental shelf waves). Korea Ocean Research and Development Institute, KIST, Korea. (izs)

80:5798 Ryu, Cheong-ro and Sun-duck Chang, 1979. Tide

and tidal current in the estuary of the Nakdong River [Korea]. (In Korean; English abstract.) J. oceanol. Soc. Korea, 14(2): 71-77.

Measurements of tide level, flow velocity and river discharge led to determinations of amplitude and phase fluctuations; combined with horizontal velocity data, these enabled calculations of tidal amplitude ratio diminution, phase change con- stant, crest and trough speeds and periodic flow speeds. The upstream tidal boundary was es- timated to be 50 km during spring tides and 44 km during neap tides. National Fisheries University, Busan, Korea. (slr)

80:5799 Webb, D. J., 1980. Tides and tidal friction in a

h e m i s p h e r i c a l ocean c e n t e r e d at the Equator. Geophys. Jl R. astr. Soc., 61(3): 573- 600.

The interaction of resonances and friction in deter- mining the rms amplitude of the tides and the energy dissipated by them is modeled numerically. In the absence of friction, tidal forces may excite all of the resonances. Institute of Oceanographic Sciences, Wormley, Godalming GU8 5UB, England. (mcs)

13. Ice

80:5800 Campbell, W. J., P. Gloersen, H. J. Zwally, R. O.

Ramseier and C. Elachi, 1980. Simultaneous passive and active microwave observations of near-shore Beaufort Sea ice. J. Petrol. Technol., 32(6): 1105-1112.

A review of the use of passive and active microwave sensing techniques as applied to the detection of sea ice during the past decade is presented, highlighting AIDJEX pilot field experiments in the southern Beaufort Sea, the U.S.-U.S.S.R. BESEX investigation, NASA Nimbus-5 ESMR experi- ments, and more recently, the use of synthetic aperture radar (SAR) by NASA aircraft to provide high resolution information. 'Combined use of ac- tive and passive microwave imagery is the op- timum way to observe the morphology and dynamics of near-shore ice. Such data are com- pared with the electrically scanning microwave radiometer imagery of the Nimbus-5 satellite.' USGS, U.S.A. (hbf)