ContentPM MODI'S VISION

4 Salient points of PM Modi's address to the Joint Session of

U.S. Congress

4 Salient Points of PM Modi’s address to the Indian

community in Doha, Qatar on 5th June, 2016

4 Salient points of PM Modi’s address on the Inauguration of

Afghanistan – India Friendship Dam in Herat 4th June 2016

4 Salient points of PM’s address at “Ek Nayi Subah” Event on

the completion of 2 Years of the Government

POLITICAL THOUGHT

4 Deendayal—the Symbol of Dedication Bhaurao Deoras

SPECIAL ARTICLE

4 Prime Minister Modi’s Iran Visit: of Commerce, Connectivity

and Culture M. Mahtab Alam Rizvi4 Salma Dam –Message & Significance Shakti Sinha4 Infrastructure investment should drive both growth and job

creation Professor Santosh Mehrotra

NATIONAL AGENDA

4 Outcome and future target of Skill Development Mission

Siddharth Singh4 Modi Govt’s Digital India initiative aims to empower society

Siddharth Singh4 LokLF; ykHk rd lhfer ugha gS ;ksx ih;w"k f}osnhih;w"k f}osnhih;w"k f}osnhih;w"k f}osnhih;w"k f}osnh4 ;ksx ls etcwr gqbZ Hkkjr dh lk[k f'kokuUn f}osnhf'kokuUn f}osnhf'kokuUn f}osnhf'kokuUn f}osnhf'kokuUn f}osnh

POLICY ANALYSIS

4 1stNational Disaster Management Plan

4 Empowerment and not entitlement is the core philosophy of

Modi Govt Siddharth Singh

POLITICAL COMMENTARIES

4 LET’S HAVE A LEFT-MUKT BHARAT Dr. Anirban Ganguly4 jk"Vªoknh laU;klh dk n'kZu Hkwisaæ ;kno Hkwisaæ ;kno Hkwisaæ ;kno Hkwisaæ ;kno Hkwisaæ ;kno4 d`f"k {ks= esa eksnh ljdkj ds vPNs fnuksa dk ys[kk&tks[kk fl)kFkZ flag fl)kFkZ flag fl)kFkZ flag fl)kFkZ flag fl)kFkZ flag4 oSpkfjd cnyko ds fcuk dSls cpsxh dkaxzsl mes'k prqosZnh mes'k prqosZnh mes'k prqosZnh mes'k prqosZnh mes'k prqosZnh4 Ekksnh ds dwVuhfrd nkao esa Qals phu vkSj ikfdLrku vjfoan t;frydvjfoan t;frydvjfoan t;frydvjfoan t;frydvjfoan t;fryd

INDIA'S WORLD OF DIPLOMACY

4 A+ in foreign policy Vijay Chauthaiwale

EVENT@SPMRF

4 Event Report of SPMRF Round table series: 27th May 2016

PARTY PRESIDENT

4 Hkkjrh; turk ikVhZ ds jk"Vªh; vè;{k] Jh vfer 'kkg }kjk iq.ks] egkjk"Vªesa dkS'ky fodkl vfHk;ku lekjksg esa fn, x, lacksèku ds eq[; va'k

Editorial Advisors :

Shakti Sinha, IAS (Rtd)Former Power & Finance

Secretary Govt. of Delhi

Dr. Anirban GangulyDirector, SPMRF

Dr. Shiv Shakti BakshiExecutive Editor, Kamal Sandesh

Dr. Vijay Chauthaiwale

In-Charge BJP Foreign Affairs Department

& Convener, Overseas Friends of BJP

Dr. Dhananjay Singh(Assistant Professor),

Jawaharlal Nehru University

Professor Santishree D.Pandit

Professor

Savitribai Phule Pune University

&

Vice- President- Indian Political Science Association

Dr. Amit Singh

Assistant Professor ARSD College,

Delhi University

Amit Malviya

National In-charge, IT & Social

Media Vibhag, BJP

Research Team :

l Siddharth Singh

l Shivanand Dwivedi l Ajit Jha

l Pradip Bhandari l Shailendra Kumar Shukla

l Shubhendu Anand

Layout :

Vikas Saini

Published by :

Dr. Syama Prasad Mookerjee

Research Foundation,

9, Ashoka Road New Delhi- 110001

E-mail : office@spmrf.org,

Telephone : 011-48005850

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Delivering a riveting public address inThiruvananthapuram on the occasion of Dr.

Syama Prasad Mookerjee’s martyrdom day on 23rd

June 2016, BJP national President Shri Amit Shah,while discussing the multifaceted personality of Dr.Mookerjee, made an interesting observation, he saidthat Dr. Mookerjee made three epochal interventionsin the history of modern India that altered thetrajectory of the flow of national events for good.

The first was his intervention which rupturedJinnah’s plan of greater Pakistan and the retainingof Calcutta and West Bengal in India as a place wherethe Bengali Hindus could live and also find refugeafter being pushed out of East Pakistan, the secondwas the formation of Bharatiya Jana Sangh (BJS) as anationalist alternative to the faction ridden andNehru beholden Congress, which in the early daysafter independence, especially after the demise ofSardar Patel, had already begun degenerating into aone-man driven sycophantic conglomerate and thethird was Dr. Mookerjee’s intervention in Kashmirwhich eventually ensured that the state remained inthe as integral part of the Indian union.

The question thus, that comes to mind is, had Dr.Mookerjee not been there, or had he not existed whatwould have happened to India? The first of course isself-evident, the entire Bengal and Punjab would havegone to Pakistan. Over the years, Jihad would have alarger area from which to breed and spread poison.The Bengali Hindus would have, without a homestate, migrated to various parts of the country as adispossessed and displaced people clinging tomemories of a homeland and an identity. The

Editorial

Remembering

Dr. Syama Prasad Mookerjee...

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Editorial

communists and Trinamool Congress would have no space or the luxury topractice their brand of violent and communal politics sans West Bengal.

In Pakistan and East Pakistan and later in Bangladesh, the communistvariety of politics has been thrown out and its leaders either chased out or co-opted within the framework of a vastly different political framework.Proletarianism, dialecticism and class war or secularism had no place inPakistan, whose formation Indian communists so wholeheartedly supportedand facilitated. While Indian communists were actively colluding with theircolonial sponsors to sabotage the Quit India movement, Dr. Mookerjee, thenFinance Minister of Bengal, resigned with this words, “The reign of repressionthat we have witnessed in India since August last [August 1942] has beendirected not only against a so-called subversive movement but against everyform of nationalist activities, calculated to mobilise the will-powers of Indiansto throw off a foreign rule that they intensely dislike.” Dr. Mookerjee exertedhimself to the outmost to see that the repression unleashed was reversed andwhen he failed to do that he resigned pointing out that provincial autonomyunder the British was indeed a “farce.” But we digress; let us come back to thequestion, had Dr. Mookerjee not existed...

Dr. Mookerjee’s second intervention was when he created BJS. Realisingearly the unilateralism of Congress and the dictatorial tendencies of itsleadership in the absence of a viable alternative, Dr. Mookerjee launched thisalternate political narrative. He argued through the first manifesto of the BJSthat “[India] is beset with a horde of problems, internal and external, old andnew, which instead of nearing solution after independence are daily gettingaggravated. Her common people are being ground down under the weight ofeconomic distress, social security and political repression. Her production isfalling, black-marketing and profiteering are rampant and charges of corruptionand favouritism against the administration, which is top heavy, are being openlymade. As a result of all this an atmosphere of general demoralisation andfrustration has developed in every sphere. This state of affairs, if allowed togrow unchecked, would spell disaster for the country. “The mistaken policiesand ‘Abharatiya’ and unrealistic approach to the national problems by the partyin power”, argued the first manifesto of the BJS thus, “is primarily responsiblefor this state of affairs in the country. In their anxiety to make Bharat a carbon-copy of the West, they have ignored and neglected the best in Bharatiya lifeand ideals. They have failed to harness the enthusiasm created by freedom tothe task of realisation of the great potentialities of the country.” Had Dr.Mookerjee not created BJS, Congress unilateralism would have dominated; itwould have pushed India into a one-party or a one family rule and lead to achaotic situation with increased fissiparous tendencies. Had Dr. Mookerjeenot initiated this move, Indian democracy would have been poorer, with less

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or little options, with voices facing a stifling embargo put by a spirit of politicalintolerance.

Dr. Mookerjee’s last intervention was in the affairs of Jammu & Kashmirwhich, he argued, had to be more completely integrated with India in order toensure India’s well-being and her security and integrity. The sovereignty ofthe Indian Parliament and the Indian Constitution, Dr. Mookerjee felt, had tobe paramount and the benefit of the Constitution had to reach all citizens.Had Dr. Mookerjee not made this final – and for him fatal because he neveremerged out it alive – intervention, the entire state of Jammu & Kashmir wouldhave perhaps gone into the control of those forces who wish to see Indiafragmented. His intervention and sacrifice ensured that the civilisational bondsbetween this portion of India and the rest were further strengthened andcemented.

Had Dr. Mookerjee not existed, India would have been afflicted with all ofthese and much more. His death anniversary on 23rd June and his birthanniversary on 6th July thus, offer an ideal occasion for reflecting on these...

— Dr. Anirban Ganguly,

Director, SPMRF

Editorial

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88888 Our nations may have been shapedby differing histories, cultures, andfaiths.Yet, our belief in democracyfor our nations and liberty for ourcountrymen is common.

88888 The idea that all citizens arecreated equal is a central pillar ofthe American constitution.Ourfounding fathers too shared thesame belief and sought individualliberty for every citizen of India.

88888 India lives as one; India grows asone; India celebrates as one.

88888 For my government, theConstitution is its real holybook.And, in that holy book,freedom of faith, speech and

Salient points of PM Modi's addressto the Joint Session of U.S. Congress

franchise, and equality of allcitizens, regardless of background,are enshrined as fundamentalrights.

88888 Engagement between ourdemocracies has been visible in themanner in which our thinkersimpacted one another, and shapedthe course of our societies.

88888 Thoreau's idea of civildisobedience influenced ourpolitical thoughts.And, similarlythe call by the great sage of IndiaSwami Vivekananda to embracehumanity was most famouslydelivered in Chicago.

88888 Gandhi's non-violence inspired the

PM MODI'S VISION

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heroism of Martin Luther King.

88888 More than fifteen years ago, PrimeMinister of India, AtalBihariVajpayee stood here and gave a callto step out of the 'shadow ofhesitation' of the past.The pages ofour friendship since then tell aremarkable story.Today, ourrelationship has overcome thehesitations of history.

88888 Comfort, candour andconvergence define ourconversations.

88888 I am informed that the working ofthe U.S. Congress is harmonious.Iam also told that you are well-known for yourbipartisanship.Well, you are notalone.Time and again, I have alsowitnessed a similar spirit in theIndian Parliament, especially inour Upper House.So, as you cansee, we have many sharedpractices.

88888 The embrace of our partnershipextends to the entirety of humanendeavour-from the depths of theoceans to the vastness of the space.

88888 Our S&T collaboration continues tohelps us in cracking the age-oldproblems in the fields of publichealth, education, food, andagriculture.

88888 Ties of commerce and investmentare flourishing. We trade morewith the U.S. than with any othernation.

88888 Our cooperation also secures ourcities and citizens from terrorists,and protects our critical

infrastructure from cyber threats.

88888 Our people to people links arestrong; and there is close culturalconnect between our societies.

88888 India's ancient heritage of Yogahas over 30 million practitioners inthe U.S.A.It is estimated that moreAmericans bend for yoga than tothrow a curve ball.And, no Mr.Speaker, we have not yet claimedintellectual property right onYoga.

88888 India is undergoing a profoundsocial and economic change.Abillion of its citizens are alreadypolitically empowered.My dreamis to economically empower themthrough many social and economictransformations.And, do so by2022, the seventy-fifth anniversaryof India's independence.My to-dolist is long and ambitious. But youwill understand.It includes:

44444 A vibrant rural economy withrobust farm sector;

44444 A roof over each head andelectricity to all households;

44444 To skill millions of our youth;

44444 Build 100 smart cities;

44444 Have a broad band for a billion,and connect our villages to thedigital world;

44444 And create a twenty-first centuryrail, road and port infrastructure.

88888 Many of you also believe that astronger and prosperous India is inAmerica's strategic interest.Let uswork together to convert sharedideals into practical

PM MODI'S VISION

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cooperation.There can be no doubtthat in advancing thisrelationship, both nations stand togain in great measure.

88888 India's strong economy, andgrowth rate of 7.6% per annum, iscreating new opportunities for ourmutual prosperity.

88888 In Asia, the absence of an agreedsecurity architecture createsuncertainty.Threats of terror areexpanding, and new challenges areemerging in cyber and outer-space.And, global institutionsconceived in 20th century, seemunable to cope with new challengesor take on new responsibilities.

88888 In this world full of multipletransitions and economicopportunities; growinguncertainties and politicalcomplexities; existing threats andnew challenges; our engagementcan make a difference bypromoting:

44444 Cooperation not dominance;

44444 Connectivity not isolation;

44444 Respect for Global Commons;

44444 Inclusive not exclusivemechanisms; and above all

44444 Adherence to international rulesand norms.

88888 India is already assuming herresponsibilities in securing theIndian Ocean region.A strongIndia-U.S. partnership can anchorpeace, prosperity and stabilityfrom Asia to Africa and fromIndian Ocean to the Pacific.It can

also help ensure security of the sealanes of commerce and freedom ofnavigation on seas.But, theeffectiveness of our cooperationwould increase if internationalinstitutions framed with themindset of the 20th century wereto reflect the realities of today.

88888 As we deepen our partnership,there would be times when wewould have differingperspectives.But, since ourinterests and concerns converge,the autonomy in decision makingand diversity in our perspectivescan only add value to ourpartnership.So, as we embark on anew journey, and seek new goals,let us focus not just on mattersroutine but transformationalideas.Ideas which can focus:

44444 Not just on creating wealth but alsocreating value for our societies;

44444 Not just on immediate gains butalso long term benefits;

44444 Not just on sharing best practicesbut also shaping partnerships; and

44444 Not just on building a bright futurefor our peoples, but in being abridge to a more united, humaneand prosperous world.

88888 The constraints of the past arebehind us and foundations of thefuture are firmly in place.In thelines of Walt Whitman,"TheOrchestra have sufficiently tunedtheir instruments, the baton hasgiven the signal."And to that, if Imight add, there is a newsymphony in play. l

PM MODI'S VISION

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Salient Points of PM Modi’s address to the Indiancommunity in Doha, Qatar on 5th June, 2016

8 drj esa jgus okys O;fä ;ksadk gky ;g gksrk gS fd oks ,d iyHkh Hkkjr ls vyx ugha gksrs D;ksafdmUgksa us gh tula[;k ds ekè;e ls]jgu&lgu ds ekè;e ls] cksypkydh Hkk"kk ds ekè;;e ls ,d çdkj lsoks drj dh èkjrh ij fgUnqLrku dksth jgs gSaA

8 vkt iwjs fo'oh esa Hkkjr dhNfo nqfu;k dh utjksa esa vknj dkLFkku] pkgs nqfu;k ds 'kkld gks ;knqfu;k dk lekt gks] gj fdlh dkHkkjr ds çfr vkd"kZ.k c<+k gSA Hkkjr ds çfrftKklk c<+h gSA

8 fdlh Hkh jk"Vª dh çxfr dk vkèkkjmlds tuekul esa ,slh gj NksVh&eksVh ?kVuk,a]tc ,d fo'okl iSnk djrh gS] lEeku iSnk djrhgS rks lSadM+ksa f'kdk;rksa ds ckotwn Hkh ns'k dsfy, thus dk] tw>us dk eu dj tkrk gSA ;s tkscnyko vk;k gS oks lok lkS djksM+ fgUnqLrkfu;ksads dkj.k vk;k gSA

8 vkt nqfu;k dh lHkh Credit rating

agencies, World Bank gks] IMF gks] gj dksbZ,d Loj ls dg jgk gS fd fgUnqLrku fo'o dhlcls rst xfr ls vkxs c<+us okyh economy gSA

8 Finance discipline ykus dk ç;kl]transparency ykus dk ç;kl] efficiency

ykus dk ç;kl vkSj bu lc dkj.kksa ls vkt ns'kcgqr rst xfr ls vkxs c<+ jgk gSA ysfdu ?kj esacPps dks feBkbZ [kkus dk 'kkSd gks] eka ds eukdjus ckn vxj cPpks feBkbZ [kkrk gks] eka vxjfeBkbZ Åij dh vyekjh esa j[k ns rks p<+dj Hkh[kk tkrk gks vkSj tc eka fcYdqyy feBkbZ candjok ns rks eka fdruh gh I;kjh D;ksa u gks cPpk

ukjkt gksrk gS fd ugha gksrk gS] eka ls >xM+kdjrk gS fd ugha djrk gSA rks eSaus Hkh db;ksa dhfeBkbZ can dj nhA rks eq>s Hkh rks FkksM+h rdyhQiM+sxhA ysfdu bl rdyhQ dks >syus dh eq>srkdr feyrh gS vki lcds vk'khokZn lsA loklkS djksM+ ns'kokfl;ksa dks çse ds dkj.k vkSjblds fy, esgur djus dk eu Hkh djrk gSAns'k ds fy, gj fnu ubZ pht djus dk mRlksgc<+rk gSA

8 vki yksxksa us ;gka vius O;ogkj ls] ok.khls] orZu ls] fopkj ls ns'k dh 'kku c<+kbZ gS] ns'kdk xkSjo c<+k;k gSA eSa ;gka ij jgus okys vkilcdks ân; ls cgqr&cgqr cèkkbZ nsrk gwaA

8 Hkkjr vkSj drj ds lacaèk cgqr gh ?kfu"Blacaèkksa ds :i esa ,d&nwljs dks ?kfu"B enn djusokys] mi;ksxh gksus okys lacaèk jgs gSaA ;gka dsjgus okys Hkkjrh; leqnk; ds çfr oks tks xkSjoeglwl djrs gSa] viukiu eglwl djrs gSa oksmudh gj ckr esa >ydrk FkkA fdlh ns'k ds'kkld tc esjs ns'kokfl;ksa dh bruh rkjhQdjrs gks] rks vki dYiuk dj ldrs gSa esjk lhukfdruk Qwyrk gksxk vkSj blds fy, vki lcvfHkuanu ds vfèkdkjh gSaA lllll

PM MODI'S VISION

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44444Rivers have been bearers of great

civilisations of the world. In the flow of

rivers runs the course of human

progress. In the Holy Quran, river is

central to the image of Paradise. In the

ancient scriptures of India, rivers defined

our nation and were celebrated as the

giver of life. And, it is a wise Afghan

proverb that says, Kabul be zarbasha be

barf ne: May Kabul be without gold rather

than snow. For the snow feeds the rivers

that sustain life and agriculture.

44444We are not just launching a project that

will irrigate land and light up homes. We

are reviving a region, restoring hope,

renewing life and redefining

Afghanistan’s future. The dam is a

Salient points of PM Modi’s address on theInauguration of Afghanistan – India Friendship

Dam in Herat 4th June 2016

generator not just of electricity but also

of optimism and belief in the future of

Afghanistan.

44444The project would not just irrigate the fields

of six hundred and forty villages in Chiste,

Obe, Pashtun Zarghun, Karokh, Gozara,

Injil, Zindjan, Kohsan and Ghoryan . It would

also bring light to over two hundred and fifty

thousand homes in this area.

44444The lost decades speak to us about the ravages

of a long drawn war. It was a war not of Afghan

making, but it was one that stole the future of

an entire generation of Afghans. And, when a

new dawn broke over Afghanistan in 2001,

we resumed the project.

44444With resolve and patience, courage and

belief, we have together overcome

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distance and hurdles, threats and

violence.Today, the brave Afghan people

are sending a message that the forces of

destruction and death, denial and

domination, shall not prevail. They will

not come in the way of the dreams and

aspirations of the Afghan people. The

fields that produce the finest fruits and

saffron shall once again come alive with

the clear waters of the river. The homes

that lived through dark nights of dread

will now be lit by the power of hope. Men

and women shall once again work the

farms and ply their trade with the joy of

hard work, in peace and security.The

shoulders that were once weighed down

in the shadow of guns would now bear

ploughs to turn the land green. Children

shall again believe in the possibility of a

future of education and opportunity.

44444This dam has not been built by bricks and

mortar, but by the faith of our friendship

and the valour of Afghans and Indians.

And, at this moment of pride, we also

stand in grief and gratitude for lives

sacrificed so that Afghan people will

have a future they so richly deserve and

so deeply desire. The blood, sweat and

tears of our people are mixed into this

earth and have formed between us an

eternal bond, written into the soil of this

land. Bonds that remind us of ancient

links between this region and India.

44444Together, our partnership has built

schools, health centres and irrigation

facilities for rural communities. It has

empowered women with skills and the

youth with the education to shoulder the

responsibility for Afghanistan’s future.

We have joined hands to build roads that

bridge the distances of your country,

from Zaranj to Delaram, and

transmission lines that bring power to

your homes. Now, India’s investment in

the port at Chahbahar in Iran will give

Afghanistan a new route to the world and

a new path to prosperity.

44444When our people are under attack, the

brave Afghans guard us as their own. They

put themselves in the line of fire so that

their Indian friends are safe. This is the

nobility of your heart and the strength

of your friendship. I have seen this from

the moment I assumed office as Prime

Minister. For on that day, when terrorists

launched a massive attack on our

Consulate in this city of Herat, the

heroic efforts of Afghan soldiers, and of

our personnel, saved many lives and

prevented a big tragedy.

44444India’s capacity may be limited, but our

commitment is without limits. Our

resources may be modest, but our will is

boundless. For others, their commitments

may have a sunset clause, but our

relationship is timeless. We face barriers

of geography and politics, but we define

our path from the clarity of our purpose.

We see resistance and suspicion of

others, but our resolve is strong and your

faith and trust guides us forward.

44444Where some doubt your future, we are

certain that no force or power can deny

the Afghan people the destiny they have

chosen, however long and hard the journey

may be. So, on international platforms and

in regional forums, we will speak in one

voice for the Afghan right to a peaceful,

prosperous, united, inclusive and

democratic nation. And, in the fields,

villages and cities of Afghanistan, we will

work together for that future. l

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Salient points of PM’s address at “EkNayi Subah” Event on the completion of

2 2 2 2 2 Years of the Government

8 nks o"kZ iwoZ ns'k esa ge yksxksa ij ,d ubZftEesnokjh nh vkSj yksdra= dk ;s egkRE;gS fd yksxksa ds }kjk pquh xbZ ljdkj dk

fujarj vkadyu gksuk pkfg,A dfe;ka gks]vPNkbZ;ka gks] bldk ys[kk&tks[kk gksukpkfg,A nks lky ds dk;Zdky dh vksj

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utj djus ls bl ckr dk Hkh vglklgksrk gS fd ge tgka igqapus ds fy, pys Fksogka igqaps ik, fd ugha igqap ik,] ftlfn'kk esa fudys Fks oks fn'kk lgh Fkh ;k ughaFkh] ftl edln ls pys Fks oks edln iwjkgqvk fd ugha gqvkA

8 ns'k us fiNys 15 fnu esa nks ckrsa Li"V ns[khgS] ,d rjQ fodklokn gS nwljh rjQfojksèkokn gSA vkSj fodklokn vkSj fojksèkoknds chp esa ;s turk tuknZu nwèk dk nwèkvkSj ikuh dk ikuh djds D;k lR; gSfdruk lR; gS bldks Hkyh&Hkkafr ukildrs gSA

8 ge fcYdqy gh chrh gqbZ ljdkjksa dh ckrksadks vks>y dj nsa vkSj vpkud gh phtksadh ppkZ djsaxs rks 'kk;n lgh ewY;kaaduugha dj ik,axsA

8 geus dks;ys dh leL;k dk lekèkku fd;kAnks lky igys dksbZ v[kckj] dksbZ fnu]dksbZ Vhoh] dksbZ pSuy] dksbZ ppkZ] dksbZHkk"k.k] bu Hka;dj Hkz"Vkpkjksa ls vNwrk ughaFkk] ysfdu vkt vxj eSa ;s dgwa fd auction

fd;k] Transparent way esa fd;kA vcrd bl ij dksbZ lokfy;k fu'kku ughayxk gS] ns'k ds [ktkusa esa yk[kksa&djksM+ksa#i;k vkuk r; gks pqdk gSA jkT;ksas ds[ktkusa esa Hkh iSlk tk jgk gSA bruk ghugha tgka dks;ys dh [knku gS ogka gekjsT;knkrj vkfnoklh lekt ds yksx jgrsgS muds dY;k.k ds fy, mlesa ls QaMfudyus okyk gSA

8 ns'kokfl;ksa dks tku djds gSjkuh gksxhvdsys jlksbZ xSl esa brus QthZ uke feys]brus QthZ flysaMj dh ppkZ fudyh] ftldksgeus leakage dks can djus dk ç;klfd;kA djhc&djhc 15 gtkj djksM+ #i;k]vkids gd dk iSlk cpk fy;k gSA

8 vc rd 1 djksM+ 62 yk[k ls T;knk QthZjk'ku dkMZ geus [kkst ds fudkysA erycml jk'ku dkMZ ij tks Hkh tkrk Fkk oksfdlh dh tsc esa rks tkrk FkkA dgha rkscsbZekuh gksrh FkhA

8 eksVk&eksVk fglkc eSa yxkÅa] rks djhc36000 djksM+ #i;k] ;s leakages :dx;k gSA ;s corruption tkrk Fkk :dx;k vkSj ,d lky ds fy, ;s gj o"kZbruk cpus okyk gS vkSj vHkh 'kq:vkr gS],d ubZ lqcg gSA

8 dHkh LED cYc fdrus :i;s esa fcdrkFkk] vkt fdrus :i;s esa fcdrk gS] dghaij 200] 250] 300 rd LED cYc dhdher Fkh] vkt oks 60] 70] 80 ij vk xbZgSA LED cYc ds campaign ds dkj.kftu ikap lkS 'kgj dks geus target fd;kgS] mu ikap lkS 'kgj es a vxj ge'kr&çfr'kr] LED cYc igqapkus esa gelQy gks x;s vkSj gksus okys gSa] ftl fnuoks dke iwjk gksxk bl ns'k esa djhc&djhc20 gtkj esxkokV fctyh cpus okyh gSA20 gtkj esxkokV fctyh cpus dk erycgksrk gS] ,d yk[k djksM+ :i;s dh fctyhdh dkj[kkus dh tks ykxr tks gS oks cpusokyh gSA

8 fiNys dbZ pquko gks x,] pquko esa ;g ghppkZ gksrh Fkh fd 12 cylinder gksus pkfg,];k Ng gksuh pkfg,A vkSj cM+s&cM+s yhMj?kks"k.kk djrs Fks vkSj nwljs fnu v[kckj esaheadline Nirh Fkh fd 9 cylinder ughavc 12 cylinder ij lfClMh feysxh vkSj9 cylinder ls 12 cylinder ds uke ijoksV ekaxs tkrs FksA mu fnu dks ;kndhft, tc fgUnqLrku esa Parliament

dh member dks 25 jlksbZ xSl ds dwiufeyrs FksA MP cuus ds ukrs vkSj oks 25

PM MODI'S VISION

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dwiu ls yksxksa dks vius dk;ZdrkZvksa dksvkSj lkfFk;ksa dks] supporters dks obelise

djrk Fkk fd eq>s ,d xSl dwiu nhft,A;g eSa ikap lky] nl lky igys dh ckrdj jgk gwa dksbZ cgqr iqjkuh ckr ugha djjgk gwa] ftl ns'k esa ;g ppkZ gksrh gks vkSjbl ns'k dk çèkkuea=h ckrksa&ckrksa esa ns'kdh turk dks request djsa fd vki xSlsubsidy NksM+ nhft, vkSj eSa ns'k dksueu% djrk gwa] 1 djksM+ 13 yk[k yksxksa usviuh subsidy NksM+ nh] D;k ;g cnyugha gS] ;g tu&eu dk cnyko ugha] ;gns'k cnyko ugha gS] ns'k ds fodkl ds fy,tuHkkxhnkjh dk blls cM+k D;k mnkgj.kgks ldrk gSA ;g ns'k us vuqHko fd;k gSAvkSj geus Hkh r; fd;k fd ge bl xSlsubsidy tks NksMh gS] xjhc ds ?kj esa ekaydM+h dk pwYgk tykrh gS vkSj fnu Hkj[kkuk edkus ds dkj.k djhc&djhc pkjlkS flxjsV dk èkqvka mlds 'kjhj esa tkrkgSA pkj lkS flxjsV ftruk èkqvka ml ekadh fpark dkSu djsxk vkSj geus fiNys ,do"kksaZ esa djhc&djhc rhu djksM+ ls T;knkifjokj k s a dk s u; s jlk sb Z x Sl d sconnections ns fn;s gS aA vktknfgUnqLrku esa ,d lky esa bruk cM+k dkedHkh ugha gqvk gS vkSj geus Bku yh gS fdvkus okys rhu lky esa ikap djksM+ ifjokj]ftuds ikl vkt jlksbZ xSl ugha gS mudksge igqapk,axs] D;ksasfd oks xjhc ifjokj gS]eè;e oxZ rd rks jlksbZ xSl igqapk gSAfuEu] eè;e oxZ rd ugha igqapk gSA >ksiM+hdk rks loky ugha gS] ysfdu geus csM+kmBk;k gSA

8 geus Soil Health Card dk cgqr cM+kmission ysdj py iM+sA èkjrh dh lsgrdSlh gS] feêh esa dkSu ls xq.k gS] dkSu lhdfe;ka gS] fdl çdkj ds Qly ds fy, oks

tehu vuqdwy gS] dkSu lh nokbZ pysxh]dkSu lk fertilizer pysxkA balku ftlçdkj ls blood test djokrk gS] urine

test djokrk gS] diabetes gS] ugha gS] oksr; djokrk gS] ;g èkjrh ekrk dh Hkh oSlhgh ijh{k.k dk dke bl ljdkj us mBk;kgS vkSj ns'k ds fdlkuksa rd bl ckr geuscM+s igqapk;k gS vkSj dkQh ek=k esa fdlkuvkt vius Soil Health Card ds }kjkbl ckr ij fu.kZ; djus yxsa gSa fd crop

pattern dks dSls cnyk tk,A

8 lcls cM+k cnyko gS fd ns'k ds vanj,d fo'okl Hkjuk] ldYi ds lkFk pyukvkSj lkekU; ekuo dh ftanxh dhvk'kk&vkdka{kkvksa dks iw.kZ djus dk fujarjç;kl djukA eSa vkidks fo'okl fnykusvk;k ns'kokfl;ksa us gesa Hkjkslk fn;k]ml Hkjksls dks ge iwjk djus ds fy, iwjhdksf'k'k dj jgs gSaA vkSj ns'k us ns[kk gS]cnbjkns ls dksbZ fu.kZ; ugha fd;k gSAesgur djus esa dksbZ deh ugha j[kh gSvkSj jk"Vª fgr dks loksZifj j[k djdstu&lkekU; ds fgrksa dks lkoksZÙkd j[kdjds geus vius&vki dks tqVk fn;kgSA

8 Team India dk dYiuk ysdj pys gSAjkT; dks daèks ls daèkk feydj dke esatksM+dj pys gS] ysfdu ;s ckr lgh gS fdftUgksaus vkt rd [kk;k gS mudks rkseqf'dysa vkuh gh vkuh gS] mudks rks rdyhQgksuh gh gksuh gSA fdlus [kk;k] dc [kk;koks esjk fo"k; ugha gS ysfdu ;s ns'k dk#i;k gS xjhc dk iSlk gS] ;s fdlh vkSjksads ikl tkus ugha fn;k tk,xkA bl dkeij eSa yxk gqvk gwaA ftu dks rdyhQgksrh gksxh] gksrh jgs] ge ns'k ds fy, dkedjrs jgsaxsA ns'k dh turk gesa vk'khZoknnsrh jgsaA l l l l l

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POLITICAL THOUGHT

In 1952, when the all India sessionof the Jan Sangh was held at

Kanpur, though there were manyothers, the choice fell upon DeendayalUpadhyaya. He was chosen theGeneral Secretary of the Party. Thereason for this is not that he was avery competent politician. In fact, hewas very much different from theordinary run of politicians. Whatmarked him out from others for beingchosen the General Secretary were thequalities he acquired as aswayamsevak and as a pracharak, from1938 to 1951 which made himeminently successful as an organizer.For a successful worker of the RSS, thequality of collecting and keepingpeople together, known as the qualityof Lok Sangrah ¼yksd laxzg½ is ofutmost importance. Without thisquality, one cannot be a successfulworker of Sangh. For one to have thisquality of Lok Sangrah special type oflife style is needed. He must be utterlydevoid of egoism. Life should besimple and straight forward; hisconduct should be in consonancewith his profession. A person inwhom there is no harmony betweenhis conduct and his profession cannotdo Lok Sangrah. After collectingpeople, if their life is to betransformed in a particular direction,

Deendayal—the Symbol of Dedication

@ Bhaurao Deoras

if they are to be imbued with thequalities of dedication for the nationand the society, this can be done onlyby personal example. Lok Sangrah isnot possible merely by virtue oforatory, intellectuality orscholasticism. These do not help inbuilding up men.

Whether as a Sang pracharak orthe General Secretary of the JanSangh, Deendayal Upadhyaya couldinspire his workers, not because hewas a great intellectual, not becausehe spoke with authority on differentaspects of politics, but because hecould fully identify himself with thejoys and sufferings of his co-workers.He used to be so intimate with them,that they never took him to be agreat leader and General Secretaryof a great Party. They could meethim freely, even at midnight,without fixing up priorappointment. He used to conversewith them in a heart-to-heartmanner, as between colleagues. Thushe used to exert great influence onthe workers. Through his life hetaught that Sangh Work isessentially a work of intimatepersonal contact.

It was these qualities thatDeendayal Upaddhyaya acquired asa pracharak of the Sangh that stood him

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in good stead in establishing the JanSangh. Dr. Shyama Prasad Mukherjeepassed away, or was murdered, oneyear after the founding of the JanSangh. Therefore, the task of makingJan Sangh an all India political partydevolved on the shoulders of thisseemingly ordinary person,Deendayal. To set up anyorganization, it requires some effort,some qualities. But establishment of anall India political party is a supremelydifficult task. This difficult task wasably shouldered by DeendayalUpadhyaya from the year 1952 to1968.

No Followers: Only Colleagues

There may be persons who callthemselves followers of Deendayal jibut a person who has watched himfrom close quarters would know thathe did not make any followers. Hehad only co-workers. He createdinnumerable co-workers. And it waswith their cooperation that he set upthe countrywide organization of theJan Sangh. But even while setting upsuch an organization he wasparticularly keen about developingthe qualities required for lok Sangrah.He never desired anything forhimself, neither name, nor fame norpower nor pelf. His was a life totallydedicated to the nation and thesociety. Because of that, he could buildup such a huge organization. Hadthere been in him the slightest desirefor name or fame or power, if he hadany sort of selfish ambition, Jan Sanghafter the demise of Shyama prasadMukherjee would have met the same

fate as the Janata Party. DeendayalUpadhyaya built up a grand politicalparty through the medium ofexcellent co-workers. So, whether asa Sangh pracharak or Jan SanghGeneral Secretary or its President, thesecret of Deendayal Upadhyaya’ssuccess was not in his oratory, in hisintelligence nor in his ability toexpound any thesis, but in theexemplary life he lived. There arepeople who can deliver beautifullectures on the problem of poverty,quoting facts and figures but that canhardly influence any individual life.What transform lives is the greatagony one feels about the conditionof the poor and the downtrodden.What is the inspiration behind adedicated life Intelligence or heart?In our country, there is no dearth ofintelligent people, those who candeliver faultless speeches on theproblem of poverty, but they do notfeel the pinch themselves. Their sleepis not disturbed even for a night onaccount of the thought of the miseryof their people. How many of theseintelligent people are prepared toeffect some cut in their personalstandard of life so as to contribute alittle to alleviate the sufferings of thepoor? How many of them areprepared to devote some time for theirservice? Do the thoughts they express,in any way reflect in their conduct?True inspiration comes from theheart. Only those people are inspiredto act, who experience the agony ofthe people’s suffering in their heart,The intelligent only talk; they do not

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live a dedicated life. DeendayalUpadhyaya belonged to the formercategory.

Had He Been Alive Today!

Today the Jan Sangh, whichDeendayal built up brick by brick is nomore. One is naturally tempted to askas to what he would have done, hadhe been alive today. It is difficult toanser the question. Under the presentpolitical situation, probably he wouldhave taken to political sanyas. In factat no time did he have any liking forpolitics. He entered politics because ofcircumstances. After the formation ofthe Janata Party, seeing the state ofaffairs, he would have kept awayfrom all positions of power. Not onlythat, he would have tried to come outof it and return to Sangh. If he had stillcontinued in it, he would definitelyhave bid goodbye to it the momentquestions like dual loyalty wereraised, saying “I am basically aswayamsevak; my source of inspirationis the Sangh and whatever I am is thegift of the Sangh’. But if due to pressureof circumstances he still continued inpolitics, he would not have spent histime in Delhi. He would never havetaken interest in the politicalgymnastics of party leaders. He wouldhave been continuously on the move,keeping constant touch with hisinnumerable co-workers in thecountry, placing before them histhought and ideas regarding thepeople and the situation. Contact withworkers, constant contact withpeople—that is what he alwaysaspired for. He would not have taken

part in the type of politics going on.Slowly he would have built up aworthy political structure, because forhim political party was not just aninstrument to capture power. Powerwithout principle was not his aim.Keeping away from power, he wouldhave built up a principled party or anorganized structure, however small itmay have been.

Deendayal Upadhyaya diedcomparatively young, at the age of 51.Had he been allowed to live, he wouldhave maintained the tradition of greatmen like Mahatma Gandhi andJayaprakash Narayan. Today whenone looks at the country, one feelsconvinced that it cannot be upliftedthrough the so-called political leaders.The tradition of rare men likeMahatma Gandhi, JayaprakashNarayan and Deendayal ji wouldhave to be continued. If the country isto rise, then a new leadership of menwho do not aspire for name and fame,who do not care even for the primeministership of the country will haveto be once again thrown up. Men whocare only for the nation and thesociety—only such can bring aboutthe upliftment of the nation.Deendayal Upadhyaya belonged tothat line of great men for whom thecountry was above everything else.Today, the country requires such aleadership. Had DeendayalUpadhyaya been alive, it would havebeen his endeavour to create men ofsuch devotion and dedication!

l

Manthan Vol. 2, No. 4, March, 1980.

POLITICAL THOUGHT

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SPECIAL ARTICLE

Prime Minister NarendraModi’s two-day visit to

Iran (May 22-23, 2016) hasadded a new significance tothe bilateral relations. Post-sanctions Iran is the nextbig story and notsurprisingly there has beena flurry of diplomaticactivities. India’sannouncement to spend USD 500million to develop the Chabahar portand related infrastructure on Iran’scoast is an important breakthrough.India also announced to invest anadditional USD 16 billion in theChabahar free trade zone. Chabaharwill become Iran’s first deep-waterport allowing it to conduct globaltrade with big cargo ships.Coincidentally, the visit to Iranmarked two years of the NDAgovernment. And as has been thecentral theme of Modi’s foreign policy,Iran’s visit was about connectivity,trade, investment, science andtechnology and also revitalising age-old cultural links with the greatPersian civilization.

Significance of Chabahar Deal

The changed internationalenvironment brought about by thenuclear deal between Iran and P5+1and lifting of international sanctions,provided opportunities for India and

Prime Minister Modi’s Iran Visit: ofCommerce, Connectivity and Culture

@ M. Mahtab Alam Rizvi

Iran to strengthen theircooperation in varioussectors including tradeand economy,connectivity andcombating threats ofterrorism, radicalism,drug trafficking andcybercrime. The visit washistoric. The long awaited

agreements on Chabahar andTrilateral Transport and TransitCorridor agreement between India,Iran and Afghanistan were signed.Chabahar is located 72 kilometreswest of Pakistan’s Gwadar port. Itholds immense strategic and economicsignificance for India. India hasalready spent about USD 100 millionto construct a 218-km long (140-mile)road from Delaram in westernAfghanistan to Zaranj in the Iran-Afghan border to link up withChabahar port. India built the Zaranj-Delaram highway in 2009 to connectwith the 2,200-km two-lane metalledroad network, known as the garlandroad, passing inside Afghanistan.India has spent about INR 600 croreto build this connecting highway. Theproject was executed over four years(2005-2009) by the Border RoadsOrganisation (BRO).

Both the bilateral and trilateralagreements on Chabahar will help in

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connecting these road networks to theport. Iran has alone developed theland route from Chabahar throughIranshahr to Zahedan and furthernorth to Zabol and then to Milak closeto Zaranj in Afghanistan. During PMModi’s visit, a MoU between IRCONand Construction, Development ofTransport and InfrastructureCompany (CDTIC) of Iran wassigned. IRCON will not only financethe project (around USD 1.6 billion)but will provide for the constructionof Chabahar-Zahedan railway linewhich forms part of the transit andtransportation corridor. A MoUbetween EXIM Bank and CentralBank of Iran was signed which willhelp in the availability of credit up toINR 3000 crore for the import of steelrails and implementation ofChabahar port. To recollect, theChabahar port was partially built inthe 1990s to provide sea-land accessto Afghanistan and Central Asia.India wanted to build the port as itwould significantly reduce transportcosts and freight time to Central Asiaand West Asia. The port will alsoprovide a route to landlockedAfghanistan.

Accompanying the PrimeMinister, Nitin Gadkari, Minister ofRoad Transport and Highways said,“The distance between Kandla (in thewestern Indian state of Gujarat) andthe Chabahar port is less than thedistance between Delhi and Mumbai,and so this agreement is to enable usquick movement of goods first to Iranand then onwards to Afghanistan and

Russia through a new rail and roadlink.” Chabahar will be criticallyimportant for India as well. First andforemost it will help India bypassPakistan to transport goods toAfghanistan, Central Asia and WestAsia.

Till now Pakistan remains the onlyroute through which India can reachAfghanistan and beyond and giventhe adversarial relationship, Pakistandoes not allow for transit of Indiangoods. Second, Chabahar will savetime and reduce transportation cost.Besides developing the port, India willalso invest in building a 500-kmrailway line between Chabahar andZahedan. Apart from India and Iran,Afghanistan too has interest in thedevelopment of the Chabahar portand the transport corridor. TheAfghan leadership considers theChabahar as a more secure and stablealternative route that would reducedependence on Pakistan – the lonecountry providing Afghanistan withaccess to the sea.

Chabahar Deal and Energy Security

The Chabahar agreement couldopen the way for India to tap the hugereserve of natural gas in Central Asiaand West Asia without any concernsabout disruption of its energy suppliesthrough Afghanistan territory. Ifinternational sanctions were to belifted completely, Iran’s economywould grow by 2 per cent in thecurrent physical year and the growthrate might jump to about seven percent thereafter. Tehran could be alsoin a position to attract more foreign

SPECIAL ARTICLE

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investors to revive its natural gasfields. Given India energyrequirement, it could well positionitself as the primary buyer. In the lightof this, the Farzad B gas field becomesimportant. The Iranian governmenthas provided opportunities to Indiafor investment in the oil and gas sectorparticularly in the development of theFarzad B gas field, which interestinglywas discovered by ONGC Videsh in2008. India will also be able to investin South Pars oil and gas field and theAssaluyeh. Modi’s honest attempt toreach out and establish a long standingconnect seems to have beenappreciated by the Iranian leadership.Due to sanctions, Iran’s oil exports hadfallen drastically by two-thirdsbetween 2011 and 2013. As a result,its gross domestic product droppedsharply, inflation rate increased,unemployment rose and foreigninvestment dried up. India canbecome a sustainable economicpartner as Iran moves positivelyahead to rebuild the country.

China Factor

China is major economic player inIran. Chabahar is not far away fromthe Gwadar port in Pakistan, which isbeing developed by China. It isencouraging to note that after thetrilateral agreement between India,Iran and Afghanistan, the Chineseleaders welcomed the deal. In fact,Chinese businessmen are making abeeline for investing in Iran in generaland in the Chabahar port city inparticular. Some Chinese businessmenhave already purchased land and

established a special market complexto sell Chinese goods in the areas.China has shown strong willingness toinvest in the heavy oil refinery sectorin the Chabahar free zone. Thecomplex is being developed for theannual production of 23 million tonsof petrochemicals. It is also importantto mention here that Chabahar portproject needs heavy and stronginvestment. It is reported that thepetrochemical complex will requireUSD 11billion for its completion inthree phases. Iran thus would like tosee the Chabahar develop as animportant economic lifeline.

Chabahar is an important andstrategically located port. There arevarious investment opportunitiesnow in Chabahar including theavailability of cheap energy andtransportation infrastructure. Indiacould consider investing in areas likeautomobiles, pharmaceuticals, textilesand food processing (tea, rice, spices,etc.). Before the deal, connectivity wasthe key issue for India.

With Chabahar providing Indiaaccess to Afghanistan and CentralAsia, investment in the port project islikely to yield immediate strategicgains, while commercialconsiderations are most likely to followprovided India delivers quickly on thecommitments. Through constanteffort, India has to play a critical rolein developing and thereby realisingthe full potential of Chabahar portwhich will significantly boost itsimage as a proactive regional power –building such critical infrastructure

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not only to maximise its financial andstrategic gains but also to propelregional growth and prosperity. Thecultural connect was also emphasisedwith the Indian Council for CulturalRelations (ICCR) and the IslamicCulture and Relations Organisationsigning an agreement to bring closerties and understanding of each otherglorious past and promote Indologyand Persian studies.

Conclusion

Overall India has taken a wisedecision to sign the Chabahar andtransit corridor agreements. Modi’s

visit to Iran, after the nuclear deal andlifting of international sanctions couldfurther strengthen bilateral relations.The two countries are also bound torealize that their commonality ofinterests in various sectors such as astable Afghanistan, peace and stabilityin the region, counter terrorism,radicalism including spread of IslamicState, drug trafficking and cybercrimemake them natural allies in regionalpolitics. l

(The author is an AssociateFellow at the Institute for DefenceStudies and Analyses, New Delhi)

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The last of India’s fourflagship projects—

the Afghan-IndiaFriendship Dam atSalma—was formallyinaugurated by PrimeMinister Modi andPresident Ashraf Ghanion June 4th. Since it wasconsidered unsafe for thetwo leaders to jointly visitthe site, the inauguration was doneelectronically from Herat, the primarybeneficiary of the project. The damwould generate 42 MW of power andhelp irrigate 75,000 hectares of land. Infact development in Herat and role ofHerati leaders played an important rolein the project. For Indians, the locationof the dam has an emotional tug. It islocated at Chiste Sharif, from wherethe Chisti order of Sufis originated.

The other major projects India hasdelivered are the 213 km long Zaranj-Delaram Highway that connectsSoutheast Iran to Afghanistan’s Ringroad, the 220Kv line from Chimtala toKabul (part of the Northern PowerSystem, NPS) and the parliamentbuilding, which PM Modi inauguratedon 25th December 2015. Two of theprojects (Salma Dam and the Zaranj-Delaram Highway) have been built inthe face of extremely hostile securityenvironment, while the stringing of theNPS line over the Hindu Kush was anextremely hazardous and technically

Salma Dam –Message & Significance@ Shakti Sinha

challenging project. Thenumber of Afghansecurity-men who dieddefending the dam andhighway projects runs toalmost 100; India, too,lost a few to terrorist acts.The success of NPS,which was a joint effortalong with USAID,German government

aid agency GTZ, World Bank and theAsian Development Bank has changedthe quality of like of millions ofAfghans in Kabul and areas furthernorth. And with the expectedcommissioning of an upgraded port atChahbahar linked to the Afghanborder, the Zaranj-Delaram Highwaywould not only help reduceAfghanistan’s dependence on Karachi,it could potentially facilitate economicresurgence of western and southernAfghanistan.

The vicissitudes of the Salma Damproject brings out in full the range ofdomestic and external actorsoperating in Afghanistan. While allthese factors may not be in operationin different parts of Afghanistan, itstill holds important lessons for India,looking ahead.

The dam is located on the Hari Rud,a west flowing river that originates inthe Central Highlands of Afghanistanand flows in to Iran. The twocountries, Afghanistan and Iran,

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share another important river, theHelmand, on which there is a dam(Kajaki) that the US built in the 1950sbut which needs large-scaleoverhauling and upgradation. Iran,being the more developed economyand State, has utilised these riverineresources far more extensively thoughAfghanistan is the upper riparian inboth cases. The two countries do nothave a water-sharing agreement thatdoes make Iran quite apprehensiveabout any riverine project upstream.

Afghanistan conceived of thisproject in the late 1950s though it wasonly two decades later that orderswere first placed for the constructionof the dam. The bloody coup of 1978that overthrew President Daoud, andthe persistent internecine struggleswith the ruling Afghanistancommunist party and the People’sDemocratic Party of Afghanistan(PDPA) that led to the Soviet invasion(December 1979) and the resultantjihad meant that nothing could bedone for decades though the IndianPublic Sector enterprise WAPCOS didstart some work in 1988. It was onlyin 2002 when President Karzai askedfor India’s assistance that thingsbegan to move, but rather slowly.WAPCOS obtained cabinet approvalfor Rs 351 crores (about US $80million) in November 2004 andawarded the work to the Joint ventureundertaking in mid-2005.

The initial hiccups were mostlytechnical but soon security and strategicfactors could be seen at work. Sinceusing Karachi port was not an option,

all material had to be shipped fromIndia and Dubai via Bandar Abbas, then1500 kms to Herat and further 160 kmseast by ‘katcha’ road to the dam site.Problems arose when the need to shipexplosives was blocked by Iran. After2006, the security situation on theHerat–Chiste Sharif deteriorated andmovement to and from the Dam site toHerat became perilous. Iran’s rolesuddenly came under scrutiny, and theHerat administration including policeand intelligence sources pointed to theformer’s role in sabotaging the project.Though never proved, there wereenough circumstantial evidencepointing to this.

First, Iran‘s relations with the USAhad deteriorated even though at thebeginning of the US-led intervention,Iran had gone along with the US.Though their long-term goals were notin consonance, Iran and the resurgentTaliban were tactically on one pageagainst the US-led Afghan stabilisationefforts; the Taliban had dropped its anti-Shia plank after its defeat and was opento taking help just to bog the US down.Second, Iran’s nervousness aboutAfghanistan’s efforts to use its riverineresources became apparent. Diplomaticcables released by Wikileaks makes thisclear, with the Iranians even taking thisup with New Delhi, only to be politelyrebuffed. India was clear that it was forIran and Afghanistan to sort out thesebilaterally. Third, Iran was the majorsupplier of electric power to Herat, witheven the distribution billing done inMashhad. Salma Dam, once completed,would end this lucrative business.

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Another factor, this time domestic,worked against the project. IsmailKhan, popularly known as the Amir ofHerat, was a strong backer of thisproject. As a former artillery officer ofthe Afghan army, he had rebelledagainst the Soviet-led government andbecame a renowned jihadi leader. Pre-Taliban, he was the Governor of Heratprovince for three years and wasinstrumental in improving the citythrough investments in infrastructureand in upholding public order. Initially,Governor of Herat after the Talibanwas overthrown, Karzai moved him toKabul as Minister for Energy andWater, where he pushed both NPS andSalma dam projects. His subsequentfall-out with Karzai and politicalisolation meant that the law and ordersituation in Herat and the surroundingareas deteriorated affecting Salma Damunduly.

The dam missed many deadlineswith WAPCOS unable to overcomethe many challenges includingfinancial; the dam also seems to havefallen off Delhi’s radar and it was onlyin late 2013 that revised estimateswere approved (ultimately the damcosts Rs 1775 crores or almost US $290million, more than three times whatwas originally conceived). The changeof government in May 2014 meantthat all pending projects startedgetting rigorously monitored andwere brought back on track—theseincluded external ones like the twopending projects in Afghanistan, theParliament building and Salma Dam.

The Afghan people’s strong desire

for economic development and thehigh regard India is held in wasevident when in August 2015 the firstturbine of the dam was installed andtested. There was public jubilation andelation, with people coming on theroads; a human chain was formed thatcarried a 100 metre long Indian flag.The Afghanistan governmentaccepted the demands of the public toname the dam as the Afghan IndiaFriendship Dam.

Three important lessons from theSalma dam project that would serveIndia’s strategic and diplomaticinitiatives need to be fleshed out. One,India’s project management andmonitoring skills need to beprofessionalised. The very substantialcost and time overrun cannot bejustified in terms of deterioration ofsecurity conditions alone. India’sinterests are not well served whenprojects announced lag for years withno sign of completion; in the contextof Afghanistan where India is lookedupon as a reliable friend and a modelto be followed, it is unforgivable. Theusual reasons, viz., inadequate projectdesign preparation, unrealistic costs,technical incompetence and lack ofadequate budgetary provisions is notonly deeply embarrassing butpolitically negates all the good doneby PM’s vigorous diplomaticinitiatives. The Kaladan multi-modaltransport project in Myanmar suffersfrom all these ills and provides proofto the Myanmarese that while theChinese projects deliver on time; thoseof India apparently do not. This must

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be reversed including by providing forcontainer facilities without which theproject would be a non-starter.Similarly, the PM’s success in bringingto a closure the decade-longnegotiations over Chahbahar, whichhas the potential to make India animportant economic partner ofCentral Asia, would be tested onIndia’s ability to deliver on the 950 kmrail project from Chahbahar to theAfghan border. The differentministries must get their act togetherto ensure this.

Two, and partly linked to the first,since India is increasingly usingdevelopment partnership as aninstrument of strategic consideration,the Ministry of External Affairs (MEA)and respective Indian embassies wheresuch projects are being implementedshould have developmentprofessionals in their ranks e.g., theembassies at Kabul and Kathmandurun a large number of microcommunity projects withoutnecessarily having the ability to assess,implement, monitor or evaluate suchprojects. Similarly, with the shift fromdirectly funding development projectsto financing those using lines of credits(LOCs), MEA and concerned embassiesshould have staff capable of handlingmajor project implementationincluding international procurement.The Prime Minister’s vision and effortsdeserve nothing less.

Three, Indian missions on theground be better tuned to groundrealities. While none could havepredicted the swift deterioration of US-

Iran relations in the Afghan context,India should have been nimble enoughto establish relations with localcommanders who were key to localsecurity conditions; subsequently it waswith their ‘cooperation’ that the projecttook off. Excessive reliance on, andextremely close identification with, thecentral government in Kabul meantthat local and regional actors andconditions did not get the priority theydeserved. In these days of soft power,goodwill generated outside formalcircles of power should not be ignored,as the role of the Heratis in the namingof the dam showed. But are ourmissions up to it?

The Afghan India Friendship Damat Salma is a powerful symbol ofdevelopment cooperation betweenAfghanistan and India whose effectshave already impinged on strategicpositioning. It is symptomatic ofIndia’s commitments to work indifficult environment while showingup India’s shortcomings, which needimmediate rectification. The systemmust respond vigorously to the PrimeMinister’s dynamic leadership and hisunprecedented personal investment insecuring India’s place in the comity ofnations. Such an opportunity does notarise very often. l

(The author is former Jt. SecretaryPMO, Principal Secretary Finance,Power & Planning, Govt. of Delhi,

former Chief Secretary Andaman &Nicobar, Advisor to Govt. of

Afghanistan & Member AdvisoryCouncil, SPMRF)

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India is now the fastestgrowing large

economy of the world,with its 7.6% GDPgrowth rate in 2015-16.This is the fastest theIndian economy grew inthe last five years (i.e.since 2011-12). But will itcontinue to grow at thispace?

Equally importantly, economicgrowth is meaningful mainly as longas it creates new non-agricultural jobs.Job growth leads to increases inconsumer demand which has theeffect of sustaining GDP growth, andreducing growth volatility.

One of the most important sourcesof increased consumer demand sincethe turn of the century was theincrease in infrastructure investment.Starting with the GoldenQuadrilateral Highway networkwhich began construction in 2001infrastructure investment picked up.As a result the number of workers inconstruction rose from 17 million in1999-2000 to 26 million in 2004-05.Investment in infrastructure rosestrongly thereafter and during the11th five year plan infrastructureinvestment in the public and privatesector together grew by $475 billion.

Infrastructure investment shoulddrive both growth and job creation

@ Professor Santosh Mehrotra

The result was thatemployment inconstruction jumped from26 to 51 million, triplingcompared to the turn ofthe century.

But job growth hasbeen much slower since2012; however the goodnews is that

infrastructure investment has pickedup again in the last financial year(2015-16), thanks to the government’sefforts. The government acted to clear42 stalled projects worth Rs 1.15 lakhcrore since February 2015, whichactivated the idle investments lockedin the projects. This has also begunyielding results in 2015-16. That iswhy, despite slower growth ininvestments, GDP has grown by 7.6%in 2015-16. Further unlocking ofstalled projects will accentuate theGDP, as the BJP National Executive’sEconomic Resolution (in Allahabad)noted last week.

This is especially good news for the5 million per annum who leaveagriculture to look for work inconstruction. It is also good news forthe persons aged 15 years and abovewho were available for work for all the12 months of the year, but only 60%of them found work (as the 4th Annual

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Survey of Employment in 2013-14noted). It is especially important newsfor the 7 million young people who arejoining the labour force, for whom theopen unemployment rate is 10 timeshigher than that of those 30 years andabove. Unemployment for 15 to 17year olds is 10.2 % and for 18 to 29 yearolds is 9.4 % in 2013, but 0.8% for over30 year olds.

It is also good news for thoseleaving agricultural due on account oftwo years of drought. The fall inconstruction investment after thepolicy paralysis of the previousgovernment in its last 2 years, has nowbeen reversed.

Especially important for jobs inrural areas is the increase in investmentin Pradhan Mantri Grameen SarakYojana. Compared to Rs 7000-8000 cr.allocation to PMGSY in 2012-13 and Rs9000 cr in 2013-14, the allocationincreased to Rs 19 000 cr in 2015-16from the Union government. However,equally importantly, this is only 60%,since the remaining 40% is to comefrom the state governments; as a resultthe annual allocations will be Rs 27 000cr total, taking into account bothcentral and state expenditures. Thissame sum will be available for each ofthe next three years, until 2018-19; thishas been assured to the Ministry ofRural Development by the FinanceMinistry.

Such an increase in allocationsautomatically means rural roads willbe constructed much faster than theywere being done over 2011-14, the lastthree years of the UPA. The average

construction of rural roads underPMGSY was 73 kms per day over2011-14; over 2014-16 that numberhad already gone up to about 100 kmsa day. With the increased allocationin the current financial year, it isexpected to rise to 130 kms a day,according reliable senior sources in theMinistry of Rural Development. In2017-18 and 2018-19 it is targeted totouch 170 kms a day.

Equally important is the focus on‘Housing for All’, especially of low-income housing. There are two partsof the rural housing programme now:one is the erstwhile Indira AwasYojana, which has existed for ruralBPL households for several decades;and the second is the new programme,of the NDA government that came topower in May 2014. For both, theSocio-Economic and Caste Census(conducted by the Ministry of RuralDevelopment over 2011-2014) datawill be used to identify the low-incomeeligible households.

The objective is to build, under thenew PMAY a total of 1 cr houses foridentified households over the next 3years (2016-17, 2017-28 and 2018-19).That means that some 33 lakh houseswill need to be build every year. Inaddition, under IAY 38 Lakh housesare to be built. For both programmessufficient funds have been allocatedthis year, and are also assured for theremaining two years. (The SECC-based estimate of the MORD is thatnearly 4 cr households will need to bebuilt for low-income households, whocurrently lack a house of their own;

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this will be the agenda to be completedbeyond 2019.)

Thus in the last two years of UPAthe allocation to rural housing was inthe range of Rs 8 000 to 10 000 cr perannum. In 2016-17 the allocation is Rs15 000 cr or so, expected to rise to Rs20 000 cr next years. In addition,NABARD will borrow about Rs 21 000cr to supplement these budgetaryfunds. Moreover, since the states areto contribute (under 60/40 formula),the total sums available will be higher.Accordingly, under the IAY, theallocation per household used to be Rs70 000 per house. That has been raisedto Rs 1.2 lakhs, plus Rs 12 000 perhousehold for the toilet (from theMinistry of Drinking Water andSanitation), plus 90 days of wagelabour from MGNREGA allocated tothe house-building activity. In 2015-16 a total of 18.27 lakh houses wereconstructed under the rural housingscheme, the Pradhan Mantri AwaasYojana.

However, for the two AwaasYojanas the challenge will go beyondfinancial resources to limited labourand material availability. To doublethe pace of construction of houses, theUnion government is recommendingto states to use local material andtechnology to meet any shortage. Thegovernment also started a rural masontraining programme to supply theworkforce to expand theseconstruction activities.

Similarly, the significant ramp upin spending on sanitation through the

Swacch Bharat Abhiyaan, is also goingto cause much more work creation inrural areas in the building of toilets.There has been a remarkable ramp upof infrastructure investment in area ofbuilding communities that are free ofopen-defecation, again in rural areas.There have been four transformations,thanks to the Swacch BharatAbhiyaan, in the nation’s 40 year oldprogramme to create villages withoutopen defecation.

1. Rural sanitation is on nationalagenda, as the PM himself hasfocused on it, and speaks on thesubject regularly;

2. A campaign or movement onsanitation is visible in each state.Thus many Collectors areemerging as champions;

3. Counting toilets is stopping opendefecation. This is a hugelyimportant development as theearlier focus under the NirmalBharat Abhiyaan (the UPAprogramme) was very much onsimply building toilets, and theadministrative machinery wasfocused on reporting toilets built.That is the not the same goal ascreating communities who arecounted as being free of opendefecation (or ODF), are proud ofthat status, and can sustain thatstatus. Simply building a toilet inhouseholds that did not have one,does not lead to wholecommunities actually becomingODF. Now, the Government MISsystem is counting ODF

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communities (Villages, Blocks,Districts), not merely toilets built.

4. Focus is on behaviour change,through appropriateinformation, education andcommunication strategies.

At the same time, the status todayin regard to toilet construction is asfollows:

1. Increase in % of households withToilets since 2nd Oct 2014 -10.31%;     

2. % of household with toilets52.44%; and 3. No of ODFVillages- 61850. This is againthanks to the increase in financialallocation since 2014, ascompared to the period beforethat. Thus, expenditure on theoverall sanitation drive was Rs2250 cr in 2013-14. It hadincreased to Rs 2850 cr in the firstyear of the SBA; but it jumped toRs 6524 cr in 2015-16. The

allocation for the currentfinancial year (2016-17) is Rs9000 cr. The mission mode inwhich it is being done is alsovastly different from previousyears.

All in all, there is strong hope thatthis rise in infrastructure investmentwill create jobs, especially in ruralareas, but also for those at the bottomof the pyramid. That has profoundimplications for reviving the nowstalled real wage growth, and henceconsumer demand, with theconsequent potential for sustainingeconomic growth and povertyreduction.

l

(Santosh Mehrotra is Professor ofEconomics, Jawaharlal NehruUniversity, (JNU), New Delhi and ex-Director General of the National Instituteof Labour Economics Research (of theNITI Aayog).)

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Prime Minister Modi has alwaysstressed on the need for proper

skill mapping and identification of thefuture requirements for skills, so that

Outcome and future target ofSkill Development Mission

l Siddharth Singh

school-children and parents are wellaware of the emerging trends in thejob market and a similar exerciseshould also be done to map the skilled

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manpower requirements at the globallevel, so that India can meet the globalrequirement of skilledworkforce.Prime Minister alwaysemphasizes the importance ofimbibing safety norms and soft skillsas integral parts of skill development.

65% of Indians are under the ageof 35. By 2025, almost 1 in 5 of theworld’s working age population(18.3%) will be Indian. In order toleverage India’s demographicdividend and prioritise skilldevelopment, a dedicated newMinistry for Skill Development andEntrepreneurship (MSDE) was set up,for the very first time, by the Modigovernmentto steer and coordinateskill development efforts. Skill Indiais anchored within this new Ministry.

MSDE inherited a highlyfragmented ecosystem. 21 CentralGovernment Ministries anddepartments in UPA regime wereimplementing over 50 skill trainingprogrammes, operating in silos.Conflicting norms between schemes,poor monitoring mechanisms,varying assessment and certificationsystems and the absence of a coherentvision of success, limited theeffectiveness of these initiatives.While there were previous attempts toconsolidate this ecosystem throughcentralised organisations such as theNational Skill DevelopmentCoordination Board or the PrimeMinister’s National Council of SkillDevelopment, 2008 – the fact thatmultiple bodies existed under differentorganisations and the lack of focus on

execution, made these institutionsineffective.

MSDE has made great strides in arelatively short span of time. In Modigovernment, MSDE created aNational Policy for Skill Developmentand Entrepreneurship, whicharticulated an overarching vision toboost the skills development andentrepreneurship ecosystem in Indiaand designed the India’s first NationalSkill Development Mission tocoordinate and scale up skill trainingefforts. Both these policy initiativeswere formally launched by the PrimeMinister on 15 July 2015.

The Mission seeks to converge,coordinate, implement and monitorskilling activities on a pan-India basis.It brings the key stakeholders under theCentral Government and the Statestogether under one umbrella Missionwith a three-tier structure, consisting of:the Governing Council for policy role,Steering Committee for coordinationrole and Mission Directorate (along withan Executive Committee) for execution.The Governing Council of the Missionis headed by the Prime Minister himself,and is guided by his vision of a ‘SkilledIndia’.

Skill India has led totransformational change in India’svocational training ecosystem. Overthe last one year since the properlaunch of program, over 1.04 croreyouth have been trained under theMission. This figure is 36.8% higherthan the previous year’s recordeddata. In the current arrangement, 60%of the trainings are directly under

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MSDE while 40% are across otherCentral Ministries. MSDE’s FlagshipScheme, Pradhan MantriKaushalVikas Yojana (PMKVY), which waslaunched on July 15, 2015 by the PrimeMinister, has trained more than 20lakh people, of which 40 per cent arewomen candidates, being trained intheir choice of skills.

Speed, Scale, Standards andSustainability are the four coreprinciples of the NSDM. The firstGoverning Council Meeting whichwas held in the first week of June 2015,was aimed to review the progressundertaken under the Mission on eachof these core principles and sought todiscuss a concrete agenda for rapidlyscaling up skill training efforts, whilemaintaining high standards.

Some of the major outcomes andfuture targets of the mission are asfollowing:

88888 Skill training to be scaled up tocover at least 1.5 crore peopleduring 2016-2017.

88888 The Central Board for SkillsCertification to be set up bySeptember 2016 to infuse qualityinto India’s skill developmentecosystem.

88888 Unutilized infrastructure inexisting engineering colleges to beleveraged for skill training courses.

88888 Profit making Public Sector Units(PSUs) will be mandated to scaleup apprenticeships, upto 10% oftotal manpower, over the course ofthis year. Private corporations arealso expected to follow suit.

88888 500 PradhanMantriKaushalKendras, whichwill provide skill training free ofcost to be opened this year, toimpart training to India’s aspiringyouth.

88888 50 Overseas Employment SkillTraining Centres to be opened thisyear, in migratory pockets of thecountry.

88888 500 RozgarUtsavs will be heldacross Industrial TrainingInstitutes (ITIs), Central TrainingInstitutes, PMKVY trainingcentres, toolrooms etc., to makeskill training aspirational amongstyouth.

88888 A national skills competition,known as ‘India Skills’ will belaunched during 2016-2017, torecognize the skills of India’s youth.This will be an annual event.

88888 This year, a national levelConvocation will be held forcandidates who successfullycomplete ITI courses, to recognizetheir success.

88888 Over the next one year, thecapacity of ITIs to be furtherenhanced from 18.5 lakhs to 25lakhs and over 5000 new ITIs willbe created.

88888 Traditional skills will berecognized, nurtured andpromoted through informalapprenticeships, under variousprogrammes. l

(Siddharth Singh is a student ofJawaharlal Nehru University, New

Delhi)

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The Digital India mission, launchedon 1 July 2015, was envisioned

with the aim to digitally-empower thepeople of the country.The mission,

Modi Govt’s Digital India initiative aimsto empower society

l Siddharth Singh

flagged off by Prime MinisterNarendra Modi, aimed to bridge thedigital gap and attract foreigninvestments in India.It ensures that all

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citizens will have electronic access togovernment services. The mission alsoseeks to provide high speed internetservices to the citizens. It also hasbusiness-related services like ease ofdoing business. Digital India is aimedat transforming the country into adigitally empowered society and aknowledge economy.The NarendraModi government embarked on theambitious programme to bridgeIndia’s digital divide, connectthousands of villages to the Internetand create millions of jobs. Theprogramme is centred around threekey areas: digital infrastructure for allthe citizens of India; emphasis ontaking governance to people digitallyand providing services online; and theoverall digital empowerment of thepeople.Providing free WiFi in trainsand at railway stations also comeswithin the purview of Digital India.The initiative, which lays emphasis one-governance, has a projected budgetof Rs 1,13,000 crore - an amount thatwill be implemented to prepare thecountry for knowledge-basedtransformation.

While a broader dimension to e-governance was imparted in the mid-90s, the Modi government realisedtheir inadequacy and loopholes inimplementation and launched theprogramme in order to transform theentire ecosystem of public servicesthrough the use of information andtechnology. The Digital Indiaprogramme is, therefore, a campaigncutting across ministries and realmsand is in continuum with several other

initiatives such as Skill India.

One of the success stories from thegovernment’s side has been thecreation of the umbrella digitalplatform “MyGov”. It was designed tobecome an interface between thepeople and the government.

The Modi regime plans to takehigh-speed Internet to 2.5 lakhvillages- one in every panchayat- byMarch 2017 by laying a network ofoptic fibre cables, and 1.5 lakh postoffices in the next two years. Thesepost offices are to become Multi-Service Centres for people. Severalservices would be delivered online,through e-governance, via paymentgateways and mobile platforms. Suchthings as school/college certificates,voter ID cards etc would be providedonline.

The government aims to trainnearly 1 crore students from smalltowns and villages for the IT sector by2020, along with strengthening BPOsin northeastern states. Through ‘e-Kranti’ such services as in the realmof health, education, farmers, justice,security and financial inclusion wouldbe provided. Under the initiative WiFifacilities would be set up in all varsitiesacross India.

As Narendra Modi-led NDAgovernment completes two years inpower, here are some of the mostimportant milestones under theDigital India mission:

1. The Digital India initiative boastsa new scheme, called theDigiLocker. The virtual locker, acloud-based platform where one

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can securely store digital files, isoperated by Department ofElectronics & InformationTechnology (DeitY). So far, theDigiLocker has fetched 18,98,358registered users with 23,36,825uploaded documents.

2. The Digital India also includesthe ambitious Smart Citiesscheme, which will help toconvert 100 cities across thecountry into smart cities. Thegovernment has allocated Rs 70.6billion (US $1.2 billion) for SmartCities in Budget 2014-15. A fewsmart cities are currently in thedevelopment stage - includingKochi Smart City, GujaratInternational Finance Tec-City(GIFT) in Ahmedabad, NayaRaipur in Chhattisgarh, Lavasain Maharashtra and WaveInfratech’s 4,500-acre smart city

near New Delhi.

3. Google has partnered with theIndian Railways to provide freewifi services at 100 major railwaystations. So far, Mumbai,Bhuwaneshwar, Ujjain, Jaipur,Patna among other cities havebeen covered. RailTel, a PSUwhich owns a Pan-India opticfiber network exclusively onrailway track, has laid out over45,000 kms of optic fibrenetworks across the country,which Google will utilise for itsWi-Fi.

4. The smart cities project which ispossible only through the digitalrevolution is set to create a 10-15% rise in employment. l

(Siddharth Singh is a student ofJawaharlal Nehru University, New

Delhi)

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vla[; vkSj vewY; èkjksgjksa esa ls gh;ksx Hkh ,d gSA iwoZtksa ls çkIr ;ksx dh blvewY; ijaijk dks oSf'od Lohd`fr vkSj çfr"Bkfnykus ds mís'; ls çèkkuea=h ujsaæ eksnh }kjk 27flrEcj] 2014 dks la;qä jk"Vª egklHkk esa fn,vius oäO; esa varjkZ"Vªh; ;ksx fnol* dk çLrkofo'o ds le{k j[kk x;k Fkk] ftls 90 fnuksa dsvUnj gh fo'o ds 193 ns'kksa }kjk Lohd`fr ns nhxbZA çèkkuea=h us 21 twu dks ;ksx fnol ds :iesa eukus dh ckr dgh Fkh vkSj mls mlh :i esaLohdkj dj fy;k x;kA bl çdkj 21 twu] 2015dks çFke ;ksx fnol euk rFkk xr 21 twu dksblus viuk nwljk o"kZ iwjk fd;k gSA vkt tclewpk fo'o Hkkjrh; ;ksx dh ijaijk dks viukjgk gS rks ,sls esa vko';d gS fd ge vius iwoZtksa}kjk çnÙk bl vewY; èkjksgj ds mn~Hko] Lo#ivkSj mís'; dks lE;d çdkj ls tkusaA

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ds nkSjku os bUgha fo|kvksa ds ne ij fcuk[kk,&ih, vkSj foJke fd, yach&yach ;k=k,adjus esa l{ke gq, FksA lexz :i esa dgsa rks ckr;gh gS fd ;ksx ds egRo dks vkt cs'kd dsoyLokLF; ykHk rd lhfer djds le>k tk jgkgks] ijUrq bldk okLrfod mís';rks O;fä dksbfUæ; fuxzg ds lkeFkZ~; ls ;qä cukuk gSA oSls];s lc ;ksx ds vR;ar dfBu o fujarj vH;kl ds}kjk gh laHko gS vkSj orZeku esa ml Lrj dk

vH;kl euq"; }kjk fd;k tkukvR;ar dfBu gSA blfy, vxjeuq";ksa us blds LokLF;onZ~èkdxq.k dks gh bldk pje y{;eku fy;k gS rks blesa Hkh dksbZcqjkbZ ugha gSA D;ksafd ;ksx rksfu;fer :i ls pkgsa ftruk ghfd;k tk;]oks dsoy vkSj dsoyykHknk;d gSA ;g gekjs iwoZtksadh ,d vewY; oSKkfud èkjksgjgS] ftlds fy, gesa mudk d`rKgksuk pkfg,A lq[kn ;g gS fd

çèkkuea=h eksnh ds ç;kLo:i vc ;ksx dks mfproSf'od çfr"Bk Hkh çkIr gks jgh gSA iwoZtksa ds çfrblls mÙke çdkj ls d`rKrk Kkfir ugha dh tkldrh FkhA

fdarq bu lc vPNh ckrksa ds chp rfudnq[kn i{k ;s gS fd tgka ;ksx ijaijk vktvarjkZ"Vªh; :i ls çfrf"Br gks jgh gS] ogh¡mldh mn~Hko Hkwfe Hkkjr esa fNViqV :i ls ghlgh mldk fojksèk ns[kus dks fey jgk gSA gkykafdbldk tks Hkh fojksèk gks jgk gS] oks iwjh rjg lsjktuhfrd gSA ysfdu fQj Hkh blls u dsoyns'k esa cfYd oSf'od Lrj ij Hkh dksbZ vPNklans'k ugha tk jgkA jktuhfrd dkj.kksa ls ;ksxdk fojksèk djus okyksa dks ;g ckr le>uh pkfg,fd vius ladh.kZ jktuhfrd LokFkksZ dh iwrhZ gsrq;ksx dk fojksèk dj os oSf'od Lrj ij ns'k dhNfo ds fy, ladV iSnk dj jgs gSaA lllll

gekjk ;g 'kjhj iap egkHkwrksa èkjrh] ty] ok;q] vfXu vkSj vkdk'kls fufeZr gS vFkkZr buij gh vkfJr gSA bues ls ,d rRo ls Hkh foyxgksus ij 'kjhj dk vfLrRo ladV esa vk tkrk gSA ;s rRo gekjs 'kjhjds Hkhrj lq"kqIr voLFkk esa ekStwn gSaA bu rRoksa dks tkx`r dj O;fä dksmlds okLrfod Lo#i vkSj lkeFkZ~; dk cksèk djkuk gh ;ksx dk pjey{; gSA vc pwafd bu rRoksa dks bZ'ojh; ¼çkd`frd½ rRo dgk tkrkgS] bl dkj.k ;ksx dks tho dk b'oj ls lk{kkRdkj djkus dh fofèk Hkhdg ldrs gSaA ysfdu] lkèkkj.k O;fä bl ckr dks Lohdkj blfy,ugha dj ikrs D;ksafd mUgsa ;ksx çfØ;k ds nkSjku ,slk dqN dHkhvuqHko gh ugha gksrkA

NATIONAL AGENDA

The

Nationalist 39

,sfrgkfld ekunaMksa ij ;ksx dks ns[ksa rksHkkjrh; ijEijk esa ;ksx fo|k dh voèkkj.kk dksbZvkt dh ckr ugha gSA cfYd Hkkjr esa oSfnddky ls gh ;ksx fo|k dks LokLF; thou 'kSyh dsfy, t#jh midj.k ds rkSj ij Lohdkj fd;ktkrk jgk gSA blesa dks dksbZ 'kd ugha fd gekjkbfrgkl n'kZu bl ckr dh iqf"V djrk gS fdçkphu dky ls gh Hkkjr vius reke fo|kvksa ,oai)fr;ksa dh otg ls fo'oxq# ds :i esa [;kfryCèkjgk gSA ;ksx fo|k Hkh mUgha esa ls ,d gSAgkykafd le;pØ ds ifjorZu ,oa dky[kaMksa esagq, Qsj us ,sls reke Hkkjrh; ijEijkxr thoui)fr ds midj.kksa dks gkf'k;s ij ykdj NksM+fn;k] tks fdlh tekus esa gekjs thou dk vgefgLlk gqvk djrs FksA vHkh fiNys o"kZ la;qä jk"Vªus Hkkjr ds çèkkuea=h ujsaæ eksnh ds ml çLrkodks 177 ns'kksa ds leFkZu ls vuqefr nh Fkh] ftleseksnh us ;ksx dks oSf'od Lrj ij ykus vkSj veydjus dh ckr dgh FkhA xkSjryc gS fd 2014 dsvius vesfjdh nkSjs ds nkSjku gh çèkkuea=h ujsaæeksnh 27 flrEcj dks la;qä jk"Vª ds le{k ,dçLrko is'k fd;k Fkk] ftles dgk x;k Fkk fdla;qä jk"Vª ;ksx dks vUrjk"Vªh; ;ksx fnol ds:i esa ykus ds fy, fopkj djsA çèkkuea=h eksnhds çLrko ij vey djrs gq, la;qä jk"Vª us 3eghus ds Hkhrj gh 21 twu dks vUrjjk"Vªh; ;ksxfnol ds :i esa eukus dk fu.kZ; dj fy;kAdgha u dgha bls çèkkuea=h eksnh ds eqghe dhlQyrk ds rkSj ij ,oa Hkkjr ds fy, ,d cM+hdke;kch ds rkSj ij ns[kk x;kA gkf'k;s ij iM+sbl oSfnd vkjksX; laLdkj ds i)fr dks çèkkuea=heksnh us iqu% oSf'od eap ij etcwrh ls LFkkfirfd;k gSA ;ksx dks Lohdkj djus okys lSdM+ksans'kksa esa] mÙkjh vesfjdk ds 23 ns'k] nf{k.kh

;ksx ls etcwr gqbZ Hkkjr dh lk[k@ f'kokuUn f}osnh f'kokuUn f}osnh f'kokuUn f}osnh f'kokuUn f}osnh f'kokuUn f}osnh

vesfjdk ds 11 ns'k] ;wjksi ds 42 ns'k] ,f'k;k ds40 ns'k] vÝhdk ds 46 ns'k ,oa vU; 12 ns'k'kkfey gSaA ;ksx dks vUrjk"Vªh; ekU;rk ds rkSjij LFkkfir gksus ds lkFk&lkFk oSf'od bfrgklesa nks jkspd ?kVuk,a Hkh gqbZA la;qä jk"Vª esa ;gfjdkWMZ ntZ gqvk gS fd igyh ckj dksbZ çLrkobrus cM+s cgqer vkSj brus de le; esa ikfjrgqvk gSA bl fjdkWMZ ds ek;us ;gha c;ka djrs gSafd Hkkjr ds çèkkuea=h eksnh ds bl çLrko ijnqfu;k okdbZ xaHkhj Fkh vkSj mlh xaHkhjrk dhifjf.kfr Fkh fd 21 twu dks vUrjk"Vªh; ;ksxfnol ds :i esa fpfUgr fd;k tk ldkA

gkykafd tc vUrjkZ"Vªh; ;ksx fnLol ds rkSjij tc igyk 21 twu utnhd vk jgk Fkk vkSjnqfu;k ds 177 ns'k viuh Lohdkjksfä dks veyhtkek igukus pqds Fks] ,sls esa Hkkjr muds fy, ;ksxdk vkn'kZ ns'k cukA exj nqHkkZX;iw.kZ fLFkfr ;s jghfd Hkkjrh; laLdfr ls fp< j[kus okys dfFkrokeiaFkh ,oa rFkkdfFkr lsD;qyj fetkt ds jktuhfrddks ;g xkSjo jkl ugha vk;kA bu dfFkr cqf)thfo;ksa,oa lsdqyfjTe dh jktuhfr dk nkok djus okysjktusrkvksa us [kqn dks blls vyx j[kdj ;glkfcr fd;k gS fd os Hkkjr dh lkaLdfrd fojklrksals fdruk fp<+rs gSa! lw;Z ueLdkj dks ysdj gq,fojksèk ds ckn ljdkj us bl vfuok;Zrk dks [kRedj fn;kA exj loky ;s gS fd vkf[kj Hkkjr esajgdj Hkkjr dh laLdfr ls gh fp< j[kus okyksa dksD;k dgk tk;\ vkf[kj lw;Z dSls lkEçnkf;d gksx;s] ;s le>uk vlaHko yxrk gSA oSKkfud rkSjij Hkh lw;Z çdk'k ÅtkZ ds L=ksr gSa ,oa lw;Z ls gjtkfr] èkeZ] ns'k dks leku ÅtkZ feyrh gSA ysfdulsdqyfjTe dh vkM+ esa oSeu"; dk çiap cks jgsyksxksa dks ;s ckr dHkh le> ugha vkrhA lsdqyfjTecuke lkEçnkf;drk dh cgl esa egRoiw.kZ ,oa

NATIONAL AGENDA

The

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vge~ eqíksa dk gkf'k;s ij tkuk dksbZ ubZ ckr ughagSA fookn ds dsaæ esa ;ksx ,oa lw;Z ueLdkj dks gh[kM+k dj fn;k x;k tks vkt Hkh çklafxd gksmBrk gSA cgl ;s gS fd ;ksx ds nkSjku lw;ZueLdkj] lkEçnkf;d gS vFkok lsdqyj\ cs'kd;ksx dks la;qä jk"Vª }kjk varjjk"Vªh; çfr"Bk ns nhx;h gks ,oa nqfu;k ds lSdM+ksa ns'k bls viuk pqdsgksa] ysfdu Hkkjr esa gh bldks ysdj fojksèk vkfn dsLoj cstk mBk;s tkrs gSaA blesa dksbZ 'kd ugha fdtks O;fä vuq'kkflr ;ksx çfØ;k dk thou esavuqdj.k djrk gS] mls lnSo LoLFk jgus dk lq[kçkIr gksrk gSA oSf'od LokLF; ,oa fons'k uhfr dsrgr çLrkfor fd;s x, bl ,tsaMs esa Hkh ewyr;k;gh ckr dgh x;h Fkh fd ;ksx ekuo t#jr dhreke mtkZvksa dk Jksr lkèku gSA 21 twu dksvUrjk"Vªh; ;ksx fnol eukus lEcUèkh bl ?kks"k.kesa la;qä jk"Vª }kjk ;s Hkh dgk x;k fd ;ksx dksiwjh nqfu;k esa QSykuk ,oa LFkkfir djuk t#jh gSAbl ekeys esa xkSj djus okyh ckr ;s Hkh gS fd blfnol dks 21 twu dks gh eukus dk çLrko Hkhçèkkuea=h eksnh us gh fn;k FkkA 21 twu dksvUrjk"Vªh; ;ksx fnol eukus ds ihNs oSKkfudrk;s gS fd mÙkjh xksykèkZ esa 21 twu lcls cM+k fnugksrk gS] fygktk ;gh fnu T;knk csgrj gks ldrkgSA

;ksx ls tqM+s bl çLrko dks iwjh nqfu;k us,der gksdj Lohdkj fd;kA njvly de la[;kesa gh lgh exj Hkkjr esa dqN ,sls yksx Hkh gSaftues eu esa ;g iwokZxzg gS fd gj ijEijkxrlaLdkj dks oks #f<+oknh ijEijk eku cSBrs gSaA,slh FkksM+h cgqr vkykspukvksa ds chp Hkkjr us,dckj fo'o dks ikjEifjd LokLF; ç.kkyh dkikB i<+k;k gS vkSj nqfu;k us bls Lohdkj Hkhfd;k gSA ;ksx ds lanHkZ esa vxj bldh oSKkfudrkvkSj Hkkjrh; ijEijkvksa esa blds otwn dh ckrdjsa rks ;ksx&ç.kkyh dk ftØ foLrkj ls rekeoSfnd iqLrdksa esa feyrk gSA dbZ çkphu lH;rkvksaesa ;ksx fØ;k dk çekf.kr n'kZu çkIr gksrk gSA

çkphu Hkkjr esa ;ksx rifLo;ksa] ;ksfx;ksa ,oavke euq";ksa ds thou dh fnup;kZ dk fgLlkgqvk djrk FkkA èkhjs&èkhjs ckgjh vkØe.kksa ,oans'k esa vfLFkfjrk dh fLFkfr us blds egRo dksde dj fn;kA yksx vaxzsth fpdRlk i)fr ijbrus fuHkZj gksrs x, fd vkjksX; ds LFkk;hlkèku ds :i esa ;ksx dks 'kkfey djuk gh Hkwyx;sA ;ksx ges vLoLFk gksus cpkrk gS tcfdnokb;ka ges vLoLFk gksus ds ckn cpkrh gSaA blfygkt ls Hkh ns[kk tk; rks ;ksx çkFkfedt:jr gSA gkykafd orZeku esa dqN uke t#jçklafxd gSa] ftUgksaus foijhr ifjfLFk;ksa esa Hkh;ksx dks çpkfjr ,oa çlkfjr djus dh fn'kk esadke fd;k gSA ,sls dqN ;ksx xq#vksa dk ftØdjsa rks Jh fr#eykbZ d".kkepk;Z] chds,l v;axj]jkenso dqN ,sls gh uke gS ftUgksaus ;ksx dksfQj ls mPpkbZ;ksa ij igq¡pk;k gSA vkèkqfud nkSj;ksx xq# jkenso us ;ksx f'k{kk dks fo'o Hkj esaQSykus dk ,d cM+k dke fd;k gSA gkykafdle;&le; ij ;ksx ds egRo dks Lohdkjdjus okys ;qxiq#"k bl èkjk ij tUe ysrs jgsgSaA elyu] egkRek xkaèkh [kqn ;ksx ç.kkyh dksLoLFk thou ds fy, t#jh ekurs FksA pwafd;ksx vkils vkfFkZd O;; dh ekax ugha djrk gScfYd vkids thou dk dqN N.k ek= ghekaxrk gSA vkt Hkys gh reke rjg ds d`f=eO;k;ke ds midj.k vk x;s gksa ysfdu ;ksx dsesa d`f=erk dk tjk Hkh vfLrRo ugh FkkA ;ksxiw.kZr;k çkd`frd ,oa oSKkfud çfØ;k gSA

vkt tc ,dckj fQj Hkkjrh; oSfnd ijEijkdk ;g thou i)fr fo'o iVy ij Lohdkj dhtk jgh gS] rks bls Hkkjr ds c<+rs oSf'od çHkko dsrkSj ij Hkh ns[kk tkuk pkfg,A fojksèk dks njfdukjdjrs gq, l[rh ls ;g lUns'k nsus dh t#jr gSfd gj ckr esa lsdqyfjTe dh [kks[kyh fl;klrugha pysxhA l l l l l

¼¼¼¼¼ys[kd MkW ';kek çlkn eq[kthZ fjlpZys[kd MkW ';kek çlkn eq[kthZ fjlpZys[kd MkW ';kek çlkn eq[kthZ fjlpZys[kd MkW ';kek çlkn eq[kthZ fjlpZys[kd MkW ';kek çlkn eq[kthZ fjlpZQkmaMs'ku esa fjlpZ Qsyks gQkmaMs'ku esa fjlpZ Qsyks gQkmaMs'ku esa fjlpZ Qsyks gQkmaMs'ku esa fjlpZ Qsyks gQkmaMs'ku esa fjlpZ Qsyks gSa½

NATIONAL AGENDA

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Nationalist 41

POLICY ANALYSIS

T he first National Disaster

Management Plan released by PM

Modi aims to make India disaster resilient

and reduce loss of lives. NDMP is the first

ever National plan prepared in the

country.The plan is based on the four

priority themes of the "Sendai

Framework," namely: understanding

disaster risk, improving disaster risk

governance, investing in disaster risk

reduction (through structural and non-

structural measures) and disaster

preparedness, early warning and building

back better in the aftermath of a disaster.

The plan covers all phases of disaster

management: prevention, mitigation,

response and recovery. It provides for

horizontal and vertical integration among

all the agencies and departments

of the Government. The

plan also spells out the

roles and responsibilities

1stNational Disaster Management Plan

of all levels of Government right up to

Panchayat and Urban Local Body level in

a matrix format. The plan has a regional

approach, which will be beneficial not only

for disaster management but also for

development planning.

It is designed in such a way that it can be

implemented in a scalable manner in all

phases of disaster management. It also

identifies major activities such as early

warning, information dissemination, medical

care, fuel, transportation, search and rescue,

evacuation, etc. to serve as a checklist for

agencies responding to a disaster. It also

provides a generalized framework for

recovery and offers flexibility to assess a

situation and build back better.

To prepare communities to cope with

disasters, it emphasizes on a greater

need for Information, Education and

Communication activities.

SPMRF Desk

The

Nationalist 42

Empowerment and not entitlement has

been the core philosophy underlying

the initiatives launched by the Modi

Government and probably it is one of its

biggest differentiators from the previous

governments. In the last two years that the

NDA has been in power, this philosophy

has found resonance in the numerous

schemes and programmes that the

government has introduced.

From the Beti Bachao Beti Padhao

scheme, which aims at encouraging the

education of girl children by reversing

India’s declining child sex ratio, to the Stand

Up India programme for providing easy

funding to Dalit and female entrepreneurs

to its programmes aimed at providing a

social security net for all Indians, the

government’s focus has been on

empowering the socially and economically

disenfranchised sections of the society,

including Dalits, tribals and women.

Even while designing the social security

schemes, the Modi government has stuck

to the theme of empowerment over

entitlement, ensuring that in all of its social

security programmes, there are no free

handouts. Instead, it requires the beneficiary

to pay a small token amount to establish a

sense of ownership and to prevent

indifference.Whether it is life insurance or

accident insurance scheme or the ambitious

pension scheme, all require the beneficiary

to make a partial contribution to avail

themselves of the scheme.For instance,

under the Pradhan Mantri Suraksha Bima

Empowerment and not entitlementis the core philosophy of Modi Govt

@ Siddharth Singh

Yojana, an accidental death and full

disability cover of 2 lakh and a partial

disability cover of 1 lakh is available to a

policy holder, but they have to pay a

subsidized annual premium of Rs.

12.Similarly, in the Pradhan Mantri Jeevan

Jyoti Bima Yojana, people in the age group

18 to 50 years can get a life cover of 2 lakh

for an annual premium payment of Rs. 330.

Its flagship pension scheme—Atal Pension

Yojana—also requires the beneficiary to

contribute a fixed amount every year to

build the pension corpus along with the

incentive of a government contribution for

the first few years.

Besides these, the government has also

launched schemes to encourage

entrepreneurs to start their own businesses

as a way to empower them. The Mudra

Yojana aims to ensure that small

entrepreneurs get loans at low interest

rates to set up their business and for daily

working capital requirements. In addition,

the prime minister launched the Stand Up

India scheme, aimed specifically at

entrepreneurs belonging to Scheduled

Castes and Scheduled Tribes as well as

female entrepreneurs to help them take

loans at low interest rates. The NDA

government is well-intentioned when it

comes to the welfare of Dalits, tribals and

women and has helped these groups embark

on a journey of empowerment by way of

its schemes. l

(Siddharth Singh is a student of

Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi)

POLICY ANALYSIS

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Nationalist 43

POLITICAL COMMENTARIES

The CPI(M) and the communistsparties in general refuse to see the

writing on the wall; that of theirnearing politicaldecimation. Theycontinue to remain active as adisruptive element on the politicalcanvas, injecting violence andfalsehood to maintain their hold

When in power or in majority, theCommunist Party of India (Marxist)and all other types and genre ofcommunist parties in India havealways displayed the most intolerantand fascist attitude, by hacking awayat democratic systems, frameworks,institutions and approaches.Communists have generally displayedcontempt and intolerance towardsany kind of opposition, be it politicalor intellectual. When in a minority orout of power, they cry wolf and deftlyact out the victim card, conjuring upthe spectre of violence and claimingto be victims.

Years of mastering the techniquesof Goebbels like propaganda anderecting a propaganda super-structure, which has enabled them toobfuscate issues and present anarrative that is always insidiouslyfalse and subversive in nature, thecommunists have succeeding in thekeeping the lid on their records ofgovernance and human rights in

LET’S HAVE A LEFT-MUKT BHARAT@ Dr. Anirban Ganguly

India. While communism andcommunist regimes the world overhave been exposed and their diabolicrecord of governance has come out inthe open, the record of communism inIndia is yet to be documented in itsentirety.

The prop of intellectualism hasbeen the Indian communist’s greatestcover for carrying on, undetected,their politics of violence andretribution. Over the years, thecomrades have built up an ecosystemof acolytes, adherents and drum-beaters who are, at a given signal,ready to justify, divert anddialectically explain away the fadsand excesses of their co-ideologists asthe manifestations of an extremerevolutionary urge to cleanse thesystem of reactionaries andrevisionists.

Over the years, this network anddenial-web has worked to theiradvantage, and the Indiancommunists — though mostregressive and violent in nature andoutlook — have passed themselves offbefore the world as the most suave,articulate and conscientiousprotectors of India’s social fabric andnational life. Never at the forefront ofsocial or community service, never atthe forefront when calamity strikes,

The

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never at the forefront when India’sintegrity and safety is at stake — infact, on these counts, the comrades cannever ever equal the work of the RSS— the comrades have only excelled inwidening faultlines, in keep embers ofpotential conflict alive and in tryingto ensure that conflicts never abatebut exacerbate.

Such an approach to Indian polityand public life has also ensured thatthe comrades continue to be feted,invited and celebrated among certainacademic cartels in the West — cartels,whose sole research and academicobjective is to somehow prove, despitecontrary evidences and often lack ofevidences, that India under NarendraModi and the BJP is breaking andunravelling at the seams. The last twoyears, especially, have beenparticularly bad for the Indiancomrades, faced as they with risingpolitical irrelevance, and nowacademic marginalisation.

The comrades’ latest display ofacute fascism and Stalinism in theform of extreme violence undertakenwith the intention of liquidatingpolitical and intellectual opponents,began on the night of May 19, with thekilling of BJP youth activist andswayamsevakPramod, who wasbattered with bricks by a communistmob which was celebrating the LDFvictory in the just-concludedAssembly election.

Eyewitnesses say 38 year-oldPramod was attacked with bricks onthe head and was rushed in a criticalsituation to the hospital at

Kodungallur, later to another hospitalat Irinjalakkuda, and on becomingunconscious was rushed to a thirdhospital in Thrissur city, where hefinally succumbed. This was followedby an unabated spate of attacks onhomes and establishments of BJP andRSS workers, injuring and renderinga large number of them homeless.Women activists and youth activistsin Kerala are bearing the brunt of thesesenseless attacks — with the self-styled ‘liberals’ remaining silent orlooking the other way.

The spate of murders of BJP andRSS workers in Kerala has been on fordecades and it aggravated especiallyfrom 2015 onwards, when the BJPbegan to be perceived as emerging andconsolidating itself as a major force inState politics. Just before the Assemblyelection, a BJP worker and auto-rickshaw driver E.K. Biju, for example,who was ferrying school children, allof them below 10 years of age, waswaylaid and attacked by the CPI(M)’shenchmen in Kannur district andlynched to death, with bloodspattering on the school uniforms andbags of the children Biju was ferrying.The comrades, having seen the BJP’selectoral performance in the State,have realised that the ground beneaththem will gradually shift away in theyears and force upon them intooblivion and irrelevance in the State(as in West Bengal). Therefore,perhaps, there is desperation to takerecourse to third degree methods indealing with a political anddemocratic opposition.

POLITICAL COMMENTARIES

The

Nationalist 45

Much in the same the line thatthey have followed in West Bengalin over three decades, the comradeshave begun going about spreadingterror and panic, in the districts ofKerala. In over three decades inWest Bengal, adopting the same line,the comrades destroyed families,killed and maimed thousands ofactivists of opposition parties — thenmostly belonging to the Congressand later to the Trinamool Congress.It was, therefore, pitifully ironical tosee BuddhadebBhattacharjee sharestage with the confused Congressscion Rahul Gandhi at an electionrally in Kolkata, and State Congresschief AdhirRanjan Chowdhury,felicitate Bhattacharya on theoccasion.

It was in 1998 that in a publicmeeting in Behrampore inMurshidabad, Bhattacharjee, thenChief Minister, had called Chowdhury“an anti-social element who is tryingto run a parallel administration” andwho should be “dragged by the hairand locked up”. The blinded Congresscentral leadership agreed to an

alliance of political opportunism anderected it over the memory and legacyof its forgotten workers murdered bythe communists in West Bengal. Suchis the level of politics that the presentCongress leadership practices —shorn of ideology, of principles and ofgratitude for the thousands of itsworkers who sacrificed themselvesresisting communist rule in WestBengal.

The CPI(M) and the communistsparties in general refuse to see thewriting on the wall — of their nearingpolitical decimation — and continueto remain active as a disruptiveelement in India’s body politic,injecting violence and falsehood whilesupporting elements that are clearlyinimical to the country’s well-being.While Congress-mukt Bharat isactively on the way to becoming areality, it is time to sound the bugle fora Left-mukt or a communist-muktBharat as well. Achieving this willsignal true azadi. l

(The writer is Director, Dr SyamaPrasad Mookerjee Research

Foundation, New Delhi)

POLITICAL COMMENTARIES

The

Nationalist 46

iwjk ns'k ikap twu dks ç[kj jk"VªHkä]

laxBudrkZ vkSj vkè;kfRed foHkwfr ekèkolnkf'kojko xksyoydj ;kuh Jh xq#th dks mudhiq.;frfFk ij ;kn djrk gSA bl ckj Hkh ,slk ghgqvkA Jh jked`".k ijegal] Lokeh foosdkuanvkSj Jh vjfoan ds n'kZu dks f'kjksèkk;Z djrs gq,vius thou dks jk"Vªh; fu"Bk ds tkxj.k gsrqlefiZr djus okys Jh xq#th us lekt vkSj jk"Vªds fuekZ.k esa vfoLej.kh; ;ksxnku fn;kA Hkkjrog ns'k gS tgka laU;klh thouds fofoèk jax çnf'kZr gq, gSa] ftUgksausLi"V fd;k gS fd laU;klh dkthou Lo;a ds fy, ugha lektvkSj ekuork ds fy, gksrk gSA;gk a laU;kfl;k s a dh lfØ;lkekftd Hkwfedk ns[kh xbZ gS]tks bl ckr dh ?kksrd gS fdlaU;klh Lo;a ds jkx&}s"k ls ÅijmBdj vius ns'k o lekt dk'kqHkfpard gksrk gSA Jh xq#thblds lcls cM+s çrhdksa esa 'kkfeygSaA mudk iwjk thou jk"Vª fuekZ.kds fy, muds R;kx vkSj ladYidh dgkuh dgrk gSA Jh xq#th dk tUe 1906esa gqvkA mUgksaus dk'kh fgUnw fo'ofo|ky; lsLukrdksÙkj dh mikfèk çFke Js.kh ds lkFk mÙkh.kZdh rFkk psUubZ ds ,d laLFkku esa 'kksèk ds fy,ços'k fy;k] ijarq vkfFkZd O;oèkku ls mUgsa ;g'kksèk dk;Z LFkfxr djuk iM+kA mUgksaus dk'khfgUnw fo'ofo|ky; esa gh vè;kiu dk;Z fd;kvkSj ^xq#th* miuke muds ewy uke ls vfèkdmudh igpku cu x;kA vè;kiu ds nkSjkuiafMr enu eksgu ekyoh;th dk mu ij fo'ks"kçse jgkA mUgksaus dkuwu dh Hkh f'k{kk xzg.k dh]

ijarq mudk eu vius lekt dh ekufld nqcZyrkvkSj ns'k dh nklrk ls O;fFkr FkkA blfy,mUgksaus vkè;kfRed thou dh vksj dne c<+k,vkSj jked`".k ijegal ds çR;{k f'k"; jgs Lokehv[kaMkuanth dh J)kiw.kZ lsok djrs gq, R;kxvkSj oSjkX; ds okLrfod vFkZ tkusA mUgksaus vuqHkofd;k fd gekjh ijaijk esa dbZ çdkj ds R;kxLohdkjs x, gSa] ijarq deZ dk R;kx nks"k gSAokLrfod R;kx eSa* Hkkouk vkSj Lo;a ds çfr yksHk

dh Hkkouk dk R;kx gSA 1937 esa Lokeh v[kaMkuanth }kjk mUgsa nh{kk çnku dh xbZA blh o"kZ iwT;Lokehth dk 'kjhj iaprRo esa foyhu gks x;kAxq# ds nsgkolku ds i'pkr~ mUgksaus M‚- gsMxsokjds la?k dk;Z dks jk"Vª ,oa lekt tkxj.k ds fy,mi;qä ik;kA og M‚- gsMxsokj ds fy, dgrs Fks]^la?k fuekZrk dk thou vusdkusd Lo;alsodksa dsO;fäRo esa pfj= dh Js"Brk] dk;Z ds çfr fu"Bkj[krs gq, ns'k ds fy, vius thou dk loZLoU;ksNkoj djus dks rS;kj djuk gSA bl çdkj dsân; x<+us okys ewfrZdkj M‚- gsMxsokj Fks] tks

jk"Vªoknh laU;klh dk n'kZu@ Hkwisaæ ;kno Hkwisaæ ;kno Hkwisaæ ;kno Hkwisaæ ;kno Hkwisaæ ;kno

Jh xq#th dk tUe 1906 esa gqvkA mUgksaus dk'kh fgUnw fo'ofo|ky;ls LukrdksÙkj dh mikfèk çFke Js.kh ds lkFk mÙkh.kZ dh rFkk psUubZ ds,d laLFkku esa 'kksèk ds fy, ços'k fy;k] ijarq vkfFkZd O;oèkku ls mUgsa;g 'kksèk dk;Z LFkfxr djuk iM+kA mUgksaus dk'kh fgUnw fo'ofo|ky;esa gh vè;kiu dk;Z fd;k vkSj ^xq#th* miuke muds ewy uke lsvfèkd mudh igpku cu x;kA vè;kiu ds nkSjku iafMr enu eksguekyoh;th dk mu ij fo'ks"k çse jgkA mUgksaus dkuwu dh Hkh f'k{kkxzg.k dh] ijarq mudk eu vius lekt dh ekufld nqcZyrk vkSj ns'kdh nklrk ls O;fFkr FkkA blfy, mUgksaus vkè;kfRed thou dh vksjdne c<+k, vkSj jked".k ijegal ds çR;{k f'k"; jgs Lokeh v[kaMkuanthdh J)kiw.kZ lsok djrs gq, R;kx vkSj oSjkX; ds okLrfod vFkZ tkusA

iw

POLITICAL COMMENTARIES

The

Nationalist 47

vkjaHk esa eq³ks flQZ fujkys <ax ls dk;Z djus okysusrk yxrs Fks] ijarq eSaus vuqHko fd;k fd ogokRlY; dh ewfrZ Fks] tks vius Lo;alsodksa ds fy,ekrk] firk ,oa xq#] rhuks Hkwfedkvksa esa FksA Jhxq#th ij la?k dk;Z ds nkSjku M‚- gsMxsokj dhbl ckr dk xgjk çHkko iM+k fd ok.kh dh mxzrkvkSj vla;e gesa rkRdkfyd ykHk vkSj lq[k ns

ldrk gS] ijarq nh?kZdkfyd Lrj ij ok.kh dheèkqjrk ds fcuk jk"Vª ds fodkl dk dk;Z laHkoughaA blfy, ân; dh vfXu dks fu;af=r djrsgq, viuh laiw.kZ dk;Z 'kfä dks fodflr djrsgq, la;e ,oa lkSE;rk ds lkFk lekt ,oa jk"Vªdk fujarj fodkl djus esa lg;ksxh cuuk gh gelcdk vHkh"V gSA Jh xq#th egf"kZ vjfoan dsbl oäO; ls çHkkfor Fks fd gesa viuh txrtuuheka Hkxorh ds fy, lRoxq.kh midj.k cuus dhvo';drk gS] tks laiw.kZ l`f"V esa psruke; çsedk çlkj dj ldsA bl n`f"V ls mudk jk"Vªoknfdlh vgadkj] 'kfä ds mi;ksx vkSj nqcZyksa ij'kklu dk jk"Vªokn ugha FkkA og Lokeh foosdkuan,oa egf"kZ vjfoan ds bl fopkj ls vfHkHkwr Fks fdns'k ek= Hkw[kaM dk VqdM+k ;k jktlÙkk dk i;kZ;ugha gSA ;g gesa iksf"kr djus okyh ekrk gSA ;fnge Jh xq#th ds thou n'kZu dks le³ksa rks og

gels vius ns'k ds loZJs"B ekuo lalkèku cuusdk vkxzg djrs gSaA gekjh ijaijk esa O;fä lkè;ugha gSA mldh mRd`"Vrk vius lekt vkSj ns'kdks loZJs"B nsdj thou thus dh gS] ftlesad`rKrk çeq[k laLdkj gSA mudk ekuuk Fkk fdla;e ls vkRe'kfä dk fodkl djuk pkfg,Aghurk o nqcZyrk esa bls ifjorZu ugha gksus nsuk

pkfg,A blfy, laxfBr o'kfä'kkyh gksuk og lekt&jk"Vªds fy, vko';d ekurs FksAvkn'kZokn ds lkFk og ;FkkFkZoknhHkh FksA Jh xq#th le; ds vuqdwyO;oLFkk,a fufeZr djus rFkkvaèkfo'okl ,oa dqrdksZ ij vkèkfjrijaijkvksa dks vLohdkj djrs FksAfir`lÙkkRed lksp ds çfr mudkifjp; bl dFku ls feyrk gStc bdykSrs iq= gksus ds ukrsekrk us muds laU;kl ysus ijoa'k dSls pysxk] ;g ç'u fd;k

rks mudk mÙkj Fkk oa'k u"V gksus dh ckr eSa ughaekurkA lekt dk Hkyk djuk gekjk mís'; gSAJh xq#th us o.kkZJe O;oLFkk dks Hkh le;kuqdwyu gksus ds dkj.k vkèkqfud lanHkksZ esa vLohdkjfd;kA og ,d mnkj eu ds] fuHkhZd jk"VªoknhFksA og xhrk ds LodeZ.kk reH;p;Z dks gh lPphiwtk ekurs FksA muds vuqlkj i=&iq"iksa ls dhxbZ iwtk okLrfod ugha gSA euq"; vius mRd`"VdeksZ ls Hkxoku dh iwtk djrk gSA og iaFk ;ketgc ds vkèkkj ij jk"Vªh; ,drk dh ckr ughadjrs FksA mudk ekuuk Fkk fd ukxfjdksa dsmís';] fgr] y{; ,oa lkaLd`frd çrhdksa ds çfrlEeku dh Hkkouk esa ,d:irk gks jk"Vªh; ,drko v[kaMrk LFkkfir gksrh gSA l l l l l

¼ys[kd Hkktik ds jkT;lHkk lnL;¼ys[kd Hkktik ds jkT;lHkk lnL;¼ys[kd Hkktik ds jkT;lHkk lnL;¼ys[kd Hkktik ds jkT;lHkk lnL;¼ys[kd Hkktik ds jkT;lHkk lnL;gSa] ;g ys[k nSfud tkxj.k esa 6 twugSa] ;g ys[k nSfud tkxj.k esa 6 twugSa] ;g ys[k nSfud tkxj.k esa 6 twugSa] ;g ys[k nSfud tkxj.k esa 6 twugSa] ;g ys[k nSfud tkxj.k esa 6 twu

dks çdkf'kr gqvk Fkk½dks çdkf'kr gqvk Fkk½dks çdkf'kr gqvk Fkk½dks çdkf'kr gqvk Fkk½dks çdkf'kr gqvk Fkk½

Jh xq#th us o.kkZJe O;oLFkk dks Hkh le;kuqdwy u gksusds dkj.k vkèkqfud lanHkksZ esa vLohdkj fd;kA og ,d mnkjeu ds] fuHkhZd jk"Vªoknh FksA og xhrk ds LodeZ.kk reH;p;Zdks gh lPph iwtk ekurs FksA muds vuqlkj i=&iq"iksa ls dhxbZ iwtk okLrfod ugha gSA euq"; vius mRd`"V deksZ lsHkxoku dh iwtk djrk gSA og iaFk ;k etgc ds vkèkkj ijjk"Vªh; ,drk dh ckr ugha djrs FksA mudk ekuuk Fkk fdukxfjdksa ds mís';] fgr] y{; ,oa lkaLd`frd çrhdksa ds çfrlEeku dh Hkkouk esa ,d:irk gks jk"Vªh; ,drk o v[kaMrkLFkkfir gksrh gSA

POLITICAL COMMENTARIES

The

Nationalist 48

æ ljdkj ds d`f"k ,oa fdlku dY;k.k

ea=ky; }kjk fdlkuksa ds dY;k.k dsfy, pyk, x;s cgqr lkjs dk;ZØeksa ds ldjkRedifj.kke vkus yxs gSaA eksnh ljdkj cuus ds cknyxkrkj nks lky rd vkSlr ls dkQh deekulwu jgus ds ckotwn Hkkjr esa vukt dsmRiknu esa dksbZ deh ugha vkbZ- vkadM+ks dsvuqlkj o"kZ 2014&15 esa Hkkjr esa 252-02 fefy;uVu vukt dk mrknu gqvk tcfd vxys o"kZ;kfu 2015&16 esa ;g mRiknu ekewyh o`fèk dslkFk 252-23 fefy;u Vu jgk ysfdu ;s fLFkfr;karc Fkh tc ns'k ds cgqr ls dksus lw[ks dh ekj>sy jgs Fks vkSj dHkh dHkh rks ns'k ds dbZ Hkkxksaesa vksyk o`f"V ls Hkh dkQh Qlyksa dk uqDlkugqvkA vxj bu vkadM+ks dh rqyuk ge ;w-ih-,-ljdkj ds lkekU; o"kZ ds ekulwu ls djsa rks o"kZ2013&14 esa vukt dk mRiknu 264-38 fefy;uVu Fkk tcfd ljkdj }kjk lw[kk ?kksf"kr o"kZ2009&10 esa ;g mRiknu ek= 218-10 fefy;uVu FkkA bu vkadM+ks ls ,d ckr Li"V gksrh gSdh foijhr ifjfLFkfr;ksa esa Hkh eksnh ljdkj usviuh uhfr;ksa vkSj csgrj çcaèku ds dkj.k fLFkfrij dkQh gn rd dkcw ik;kA bl çfØ;k esacgqr ls fu.kZ; egRoiw.kZ Fks tSls fd lgh le;ij ikuh] cht] [kkn] fctyh vkSj vko';drkvuqlkj _.k miyCèk djkus dh ftEesnkjh eksnhljdkj us lQyrk iwoZd fuHkkbZA

ljdkj ds cgqr ls u, ç;klksa esa ls LokbygsYFk dkMZ dsaæ ljdkj dh ,d cgqr gh egRoiw.kZ;kstuk gSA bldk ;kstuk dk edln enk dhmfpr tkap dks c<+kok nsuk gS rkfd feêh dh

d`f"k {ks= esa eksnh ljdkj ds

vPNs fnuksa dk ys[kk&tks[kk@ fl)kFkZ flag fl)kFkZ flag fl)kFkZ flag fl)kFkZ flag fl)kFkZ flag

mRikndrk ds ckjs esa lgh tkudkjh fdlku dsvkl miyCèk gks ldsA blls fdlku de ykxrij mPp mRiknu nj gkfly dj ldsaxsA bldslkFk gh] feêh ds LokLF; esa fujarjrk dk;e dhtk ldrh gSA enk LokLF; dh fLFkfr dks ns[krsgq, eksnh ljdkj us 2014&15esa Lokby gsYFk dkMZLdhe dh 'kq#vkr dh FkhA ;kstuk ds rgr nkslky ds varjky esa fdlkuksa dks 14djksM+ dkMZeqgS;k djk, tkus gSa ftles vHkh rd 1-84 djksM+dkMZ fdlkuks dks forfjr fd;s tk pqds gSaA iwjh;kstuk dks ekpZ 2017 rd iw.kZ fd;k tkuk gSA

eksnh ljdkj us [kk| lqj{kk ls ,d dnevkSj vkxs c<+dj ns'k ds fdlkuksa dh vk; dksnksxquk djus dk ladYi fy;k gSA bl lius dkslkdkj djus ds fy, ljdkj ds d`f"k ,oa fdlkudY;k .k ea=ky; dks bl ckj ctV esa gj lkyls vfèkd 35]984 djksM+ #i, vkoafVr fd, x,D;ksafd ljdkj dk bjknk ewyHkwr lqfoèkkvksa dhnh?kZdkfyd miyCèkrk ds fy, lalkèkuksa dk mfprbLrseky djuk gSA mnkgj.k ds rkSj ij] tylalkèkuksa ds çHkko'kkyh o~ QyksRiknd mi;ksx dsmik; djuk] flapkbZ ds fy, u, vkèkkjHkwr <kapsdk fuekZ.k djus] moZjd ds larqfyr ek=k esami;ksx ds lkFk feVVh dh moZjrk dks lajf{krdjus ,oa d`f"k ls cktkj rd laidZ eqgS;k djkusdk ftEek ljdkj us fy;k gSA

gj [ksr esa flapkbZ ds mfpr çcaèk ds fy,çèkkuea=h eksnh us vius dbZ Hkk"k.kksa esa nks ukjsfn,A igyk Þgj [ksr dks ikuhß vkSj nwljk ÞijMªki eksj ØkißA bu ukjksa dks gdhdr esa cnyusds fy, ljdkj us dbZ egRoiw.kZ fu.kZ; fy,

dsa

POLITICAL COMMENTARIES

The

Nationalist 49

ftles çèkkuea=h d`f"k flapkbZ ;kstuk egRoiw.kZgSA ns'k esa vktknh ds N% n'kd ds i'pkr Hkh46çfr'kr d`f"k Hkwfe gh flapkbZ ;ksX;j gS-vr% ns'kdh xzkeh.k ,oa df"k O;oLFkk dks iw.kZr;k lq[kkxzLrdh leL;k ls futkr fnykus gsrq tu vfHk;kuds #i esa Þçèkkuea=h d`f"k flapkbZ ;kstukß dks'kq# fd;k x;k gSA vkadM+ks ds eqrkfcd]vHkh rdHkkjr ns'k esa 141 fefy;u gsDVfs;j 'kq) [ksrhokys {ks=ksa esa ls dsoy 65 fefy;u gsDVsd;j ghflafpr gSaA ljdkj us viuh u;h 'çèkkuea=hflapkbZ ;kstuk' ds rgr yxHkx 28-5 yk[kgsDVsi;j {ks= dks flapkbZ ds vUnj ykus ds fy,fe'ku eksM esa dk;Z dks fØ;kfUor fd;k gSA o"kZ2015&16 esa ljddj us bl ;kstuk ds fy,ctV esa 1550 djksM+ #i;s dk çkoèkku fd;k Fkktcfd vxys for~ o"kZ ;kuh 2016&17 esa dqyvkoaVu 51% c<kdj dqy 2340 djksM+ dj fn;kx;k tks bl ckr dks n'kkZrk gS dh ljdkj tYngh T;knk ls T;knk fgLls dks ikuh dh lqfoèkkigqpkuk pkgrh gSA nh?kZ dky esa flapkbZ dhleL;k ls futkr vkus ds fy, mfpr vkèkkjHkwrlajpuk o~ <kaps ds fuekZ.k ds fy, jk"Vªh; d`f"k,oa xzkeh.k fodkl cSad ds varxZr çkjaHk esa 20000djksM+ ds flapkbZ dks"k dk xBu fd;k x;k gSAblds lkFk gh eujsxk ds rgr ljdkj us o"kkZflafpr bykdksa esa 5 yk[k rkykc o~ dq¡, [kksnusdk fu.kZ; fy;k ftlls dh ikuh dk lap; djmldk lgh bLrseky fd;k tk lds vkSj eujsxkesa gksus okys dke dk lgh vkSj mi;ksxh ykHk HkhmBk;k tk ldsA

ljdkj tSfod [ksrh ds fy, 5 yk[k ,dM+o"kkZ flafpr {ks=ksa esa Þijaijkxr df"k fodkl ;kstukßij Hkh tksjks 'kksjks ls dk;Z dj jgh gSA iwoksZÙj ds{ks=ksa esa 'tSo ewfY; Ja[kyk fodkl ;kstuk' HkhçkjaHk dh x;h gS ftlls fd mu [ksrksa ls iSnkgksus okys tSo mRikdnksa dks ?kjsyw cktkj o lkFkgh lkFk fu;kZr cktkj Hkh çkIr gks ldsA

eksnh ljdkj us tYnh [kjkc gks tkus okys

d`f"k mRiknksa ds HkaMkj.k fy, ;q) Lrj ij dkedjuk 'kq: fd;k gS rkfd fdlku viuh Qlydks lqjf{kr j[kus ds lkFk lkFk csgrj ekdsZfVaxdj viuh vk; c<+k ldsaA Hkkjr us fo'oi esalcls vfèkd yxHkx 32 fefy;u Vu ds 'khrHkaMkj.k dh {kerk dks LFkkofir fd;k gSA fiNysnks o"kksaZ ds nkSjku 1 fefy;u {kerk ls Hkh vfèkddh yxHkx 250 ifj;kstuk,a 'kkfey dh xbZ gSaA

fiNys o"kZ esa Hkkjr Ms;jh jk"Vªksa; ds chp ,dyhMj ds :i es mHkj jgk gSA ns'k es 2015&16ds nkSjku gekjs ns'k ds fdlkuksa us 160-35fefy;uVu nwèk dk mrknu fd;kftldh dher yxHkx4 yk[k djksM+ #i;s gSA igyh ckj 10 o"kksaZ dsvkSlr mRiknu esa okf"kZd o`f) nj Hkkjr esa 4-6izfr'kr vkSj fo'o fd 2-24 izfr'kr gSA

bu vc uhfrxr dneksa ds vykok eksnhljdkj us Hkz"Vkpkj dks jksdus ds fy, ,d egRoiw.kZdne mBkrs gq, fdlkuks dks fn, tkus okys;wfj;k ij uhe dh irZ p<+kuk 'kq# dj fn;k vkSjljdkj ds bl dne ls yxHkx ;wfj;k dh ekaxesa 15 izfr'kr rd dh deh vkbZ tks dh bl ckrdk lwpd gS dh ;g dgha u dgh ;s ;wfj;kfcpkSfy;ksa dh ikdsV Hkjus esa cckZn gks tkrk FkkA

xzkeh.k Hkkjr vkSj fo'ks"kdj fdlkuksa ds etcwrfodkl dh uhao ij gh gekjs Hkkjr ns'k dh çxfrdk jkLrk r; fd;k tk ldrk gSA Hkkjr dsekuuh; çèkkuea=h Jh ujsUæ eksnh us bl liusdks iwjk djus ds fy, lqfu;ksftr rjhds lsetcwrh ds lkFk dne vkxs c<k;k gSA lHkh;kstuk;sa nks lky ds de le; varjky esaxzkeh.k thou esa viuk çHkko NksM+us esa lQy jghgSaA vPNs fnuksa dh vkgkV eglwl dh tk ldrhgSA gkykafd fdlkuksa ds thou esa iw.kZ :i lsifjorZu vkus ds fy, ges dqN vkSj bartkjdjuk gksxkA lllll

¼fl)kFkZ flag] tokgjyky usg#¼fl)kFkZ flag] tokgjyky usg#¼fl)kFkZ flag] tokgjyky usg#¼fl)kFkZ flag] tokgjyky usg#¼fl)kFkZ flag] tokgjyky usg#fo'ofo|ky; esa ih-,p-Mh- ds Nk=fo'ofo|ky; esa ih-,p-Mh- ds Nk=fo'ofo|ky; esa ih-,p-Mh- ds Nk=fo'ofo|ky; esa ih-,p-Mh- ds Nk=fo'ofo|ky; esa ih-,p-Mh- ds Nk=

gSaA½gSaA½gSaA½gSaA½gSaA½

POLITICAL COMMENTARIES

The

Nationalist 50

xzsl eqä Hkkjr ds çèkkuea=h ujsaæ eksnh

ds ukjs dh vuqxwat vkSj gkfy;k foèkkulHkkpquko urhtksa ds ckn iLr iM+h ns'k dh lclsiqjkuh ikVhZ dks ysdj rhu cM+h gfLr;ksa ds fopkjbu fnuksa viuh vksj è;ku vkdf"kZr dj jgs gSaAns'k gh ugha] dkaxzsl ds Hkh bfrgkl dh lclsegRoiw.kZ gLrh egkRek xkaèkh ds fopkjksa dk ladyudysDVsM odZ~l vkWQ egkRek xkaèkh ds uke lsgqvk gSA blds okWY;qe uCcs esa lkQ ntZ gS fdvktknh ds rRdky ckn xkaèkh us dkaxzsl dhçkFkfed lnL;rk ls bLrhQk nsrs gq, dgk Fkkfd dkaxzsl dk xBu ns'k dh vktknh gkflydjus ds fy, gqvk FkkA pwafd vc mldk mís';iwjk gks x;k gS] fygktk mls Hkax dj nsukpkfg,A 1916 ls yxkrkj xkaèkh ds b'kkjksa ijpyus okyh dkaxzsl us vktknh gkfly gksrs ghvius ç.ksrk ds fopkj dks gh udkj fn;kA xkaèkhds bl fopkj ds vkyksd esa vxj vkt dhdkaxzsl dh gkyr dks ns[krs gSa rks yxrk gS fdtks dke xkaèkh ugha dj ik,] mls mldh uhfr;kayxkrkj dj jgh gSaA vle vkSj dsjy dsfoèkkulHkk pqukoksa esa mldh uhfr;ksa us gh mlsgkj dh jkg ij èkdsy fn;kA gkj ds bu >Vdksals vHkh og mcjh Hkh ugha fd NÙkhlx<+ esa mlds{k=i vthr tksxh us vyx jkg pqu yhA dqNmlh vankt esa] ftl vankt esa uCcs ds n'kd esaeerk cuthZ us if'pe caxky esa viuh vyx jkgryk'k yh FkhA

vthr tksxh dk dkaxzsl ls ckgj tkuk ekewyhckr ugha gSA vthr tksxh dfFkr rkSj ij vkfnoklhusrk gSaA dfFkr blfy, fd mudh tkfr dkelyk vHkh vnkyr esa yafcr gSA mu ij vkjksigS fd os vuqlwfpr tutkfr ls ugha vkrsA

oSpkfjd cnyko ds fcuk dSls cpsxh dkaxzsl@ mes'k prqosZnh mes'k prqosZnh mes'k prqosZnh mes'k prqosZnh mes'k prqosZnh

ftlds uke ij os igys ç'kklu vkSj ckn esajktuhfr dh eykbZ [kkrs jgs gSaA tksxh dkrkYyqd ml vYila[;d oxZ ls gS] tks bZlkbZdgk tkrk gSA bl ukrs muds fj'rksa dh etcwrMksj dkaxzsl vè;{k lksfu;k xkaèkh ls Hkh tqM+h jghgSA lksfu;k dh ljijLrh ds gh pyrs os igyseè; çns'k ds díkoj usrk fnfXot; flag dksvius Bsaxs ij j[krs jgs vkSj ckn esa NÙkhlx<+ dseq[;ea=h cusA lksfu;k dk pgsrk gksus dk ghurhtk Fkk fd mUgksaus NÙkhlx<+ ds rkdrojdkaxz sl usrk egsaæ dekZ] fo|kpj.k 'kqDy]';kekpj.k 'kqDy] uandqekj iVsy vkfn dks viuslkeus dqN ugha le>kA vxj ,sls vthr tksxhdkaxzsl dk nkeu NksM+dj vyx jkg pqurs gSa rksbls lkekU; ?kVuk de ls de ml dkaxzsl dsfy, ugha ekuk tk ldrk] ftldh vè;{k lksfu;kxkaèkh gSaA

vthr tksxh ds lkFk NksM+us ds xe ls mcjusdh dksf'k'ksa vHkh tkjh gh Fkha fd gfj;k.kk dkaxzslds ckjg foèkk;dksa us jkT;lHkk pqukoksa ds nkSjkuvtc [ksy dj fn;kA mUgksaus dkaxzsl lefFkZrmEehnokj vkjds vkuan dks oksV rks ns fn;k]ysfdu oksV feyus ds ckn Hkh vkuan gkj x,AmUgksaus vkykdeku dk vkns'k ekudj vkj dsvkuan dks oksV ns Hkh fn;k vkSj oksV ugha Hkhfn;kA njvly mUgksaus vyx L;kgh ls oksVMkykA ftu ckjg foèkk;dksa us ,slk fd;k] os eatsgq, jktusrk gSaA muls vutkus esa ;g xyrh ughagqbZA njvly gfj;k.kk dkaxzsl ugha pkgrh Fkhfd jkT; dh jktuhfr esa mldh fojksèkh bafM;uus'kuy yksdny ds ?kksf"kr mEehnokj vkjdsvkuan dk leFkZu djds mldh fiNyXxw cusAfnypLi ;g gS fd gfj;k.kk dkaxzsl esa bl

dka

POLITICAL COMMENTARIES

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Nationalist 51

vuks[ks foæksg dk usr`Ro ml Hkwfianj flag gqìk usfd;k] ftUgsa 2004 esa gfj;k.kk esa thr gkflydjus ds ckn rRdkyhu gfj;k.kk dkaxzsl vè;{kHktuyky ij rjthg nsrs gq, lksfu;k xkaèkh usjkT; dh deku lkSaih FkhA rc ls ysdj yxkrkjnl lky rd gqìk jkT; dh dkaxzslh jktuhfrvkSj lÙkk dh èkqjh jgsA ;g ckr vkSj gS fd blnkSjku mu ij fcYMj vkSj HkwekfQ;k ykWch dksc<+kok nsus vkSj muds tfj, vdwr dekbZ djusdk vkjksi yxkA mu ij lksfu;k xkaèkh ds nkeknjkWcVZ okMªk dh daifu;ksa dks cstk Qk;nk igqapkusdk vkjksi rks muds gh ,d vfèkdkjh v'kksd[ksedk us yxk;k] ftls mUgksaus yxkrkj rcknysdk naM fn;kA dkaxzsl ds fy, cqjh [kcj f=iqjk lsHkh jghA mlds Ng foèkk;dksa us ,d lkFk ikVhZNksM+ nh vkSj eerk cuthZ dh vxqvkbZ okysr`.kewy dkaxzsl dk nkeu Fkke fy;kA bl rjgjkT; foèkkulHkk esa dkaxzsl dh ctk; r`.kewydkaxzsl çeq[k foi{kh ny cu xbZA

vle vkSj dsjy dh dkaxzsl dh gkj ds ihNsmldh vYila[;d rqf"Vdj.k dh jktuhfr dkdgha T;knk vlj jgk gSA vle esa oksV gkflydjus ds fy, dkaxzsl us yxkrkj fons'kh ?kqliSfB;ksavkSj vYila[;dksa ds rqf"Vdj.k dh uhfr;ksa dksçJ; fn;kA bldk vlj ;g gqvk fd cjkd?kkVh vkSj lhekorhZ ftyksa esa vle ds ewy fuoklhyxkrkj vYila[;d gksrs x, vkSj ckaXykns'k lsvk, voSèk ?kqliSfB;ksa dh la[;k c<+rh xbZA'kq:vkrh nkSj esa rks ;g lguh; jgkA ysfdu2012 esa gq, naxksa esa vle ds ewy fuokfl;ksa dsf[kykQ voSèk ?kqliSfB;k vkcknh us geys fd,vkSj iqfyl ewdn'kZd dh Hkwfedk esa jgh] mlhoä vlfe;k ewy ds yksxksa ds euksa esa ns'k dhlcls iqjkuh ikVhZ ds f[kykQ ekgkSy cuuk 'kq:gks x;kA dsjy esa Hkh dqN ,slk gh gqvkA ogkabZlkb;ksa vkSj eqfLye vkcknh ds xBtksM+ vkSjfganqvksa ds btok leqnk; ds lg;ksx ls dkaxzslljdkj pykrh jghA fnypLi ;g gS fd ;gka

o"kksaZ ls vYila[;d bZlkbZ leqnk; ds gkFkksa dkaxzslds lÙkk dh deku jghA ds d:.kkdj.k ds ckn,ds ,aVuh vkSj vkseku pkaMh ds gh gkFk jkT; dhlÙkk dh deku jgh vkSj ;g rF; tc cgqla[;dfganw lekt us le>k rks og xksycan gksuk 'kq:gqvk vkSj dkaxzsl ds gkFk ls lÙkk fQly xbZAvxj og viuh ekStwnk uhfr;ksa esa cnyko ughadjrh rks vkxs mlds fy, gkykr vkSj [kjkcgksus gSaA

1962 ds vke pqukoksa esa gkj ds ckn MkWDVjjkeeuksgj yksfg;k us xSj dkaxzslokn dk fl)karx<+k FkkA bl fl)kar esa lektoknh nyksa ds lkFkrRdkyhu Hkkjrh; tula?k Hkh 'kkfey FkkA yksfg;kvktkn Hkkjr dh reke cqjkb;ksa ds fy, dkaxzsldks gh ftEesnkj ekurs FksA mUgksaus laln esa rhuvkuk cuke iPphl gtkj dk cgl pykdjdkaxzsl dks cpko dh eqæk esa yk fn;k FkkA mufnuksa ns'k ds cgqla[;d leqnk; dh jkstkuk dhvkenuh egt rhu vkuk ;kuh vBkjg iSls Fkh]rc rRdkyhu çèkkuea=h iafMr tokgj yky usg:ij jkstkuk iPphl gtkj :i, [kpZ gks jgs FksAbl cgl ds ckn dkaxzsl dB?kjs esa vkbZ vkSj xSjdkaxzslokn ds lS)kafrd vkèkkj ij tc foi{k,dtqV gqvk rks 1967 ds pqukoksa esa ukS jkT;ksa esadkaxzsl dks lÙkk [kks nsuh iM+hA ysfdu vktdkaxzsl dh gkyr ;g gS fd og fcgkj vkSj mÙkjçns'k esa xSjdkaxzslokn ds iSjksdkj yksfg;k dsjktuhfrd okfjlksa dh fiNyXxw cu cSBh gSAfcgkj esa rks mlus xSjdkaxzslokn ds okfjlksa dslkFk gh xBtksM+ fd;k vkSj lÙkk dh eykbZ [kkjgh gSA fnypLi ;g gS fd fl)kar vkSj yksfg;kdh fojklr dh jktuhfr djus okys uhrh'k dqekjvkSj ykyw çlkn ;kno tSls yksx xSjdkaxzslokndk ukjk Hkwy pqds gSa vkSj dkaxzsl ds lkFk ghviuk Hkfo"; ns[k jgs gSaA ;g ckr vkSj gS fdT;knk Qk;ns esa os gh gSa vkSj dkaxzsl mudhfiNyXxw gh utj vk jgh gSA

dkaxzsl esa ekStwnk fc[kjko vkSj mlds çHkkeaMy

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The

Nationalist 52

esa yxkrkj gks jgs ladqpu dks ns[kdj ,dlS)kafrdh fodflr gksrh utj vk jgh gSA ekuktk ldrk gS fd dkaxzsl dks ,dtqV j[kus dkcM+k ekè;e lÙkk gh gSA ;kuh lÙkk ugha jgh rksmlds fc[kjko dh xqatkb'k c<+ tkrh gSA gfj;k.kkvkSj NÙkhlx<+ dks bl lS)kafrdh ds fud"k ijdlk tk ldrk gSA nwljh lS)kafrdh ;g ekuhtk ldrh gS fd cnyrs Hkkjr dh jktuhfrdt:jr dks le>us esa dkaxzsl usr`Ro pwd jgk gSA

xSjdkaxzslokn ds tud yksfg;k ds f'k"; eèkqfye;s Hkh rkftanxh dkaxzslfojksèk dh gh jktuhfrdjrs jgsA ysfdu 1995 esa viuh e`R;q ls dqNfnuksa igys fy[ks vius ys[k esa fye;s us dkaxzsldks ns'k dh ,drk ds fy, t:jh crk;k FkkAxSjdkaxzslokn dh fojklr ds çcy iSjksdkj dsfopkjksa esa dkaxzsl dh gennhZ ds lanHkZ esa ;gcnyko ugha vk;k FkkA njvly mUgsa yxk Fkkfd vius ns'kO;kih laxBu ds pyrs ns'k fojksèkhHkkoukvksa dk eqdkcyk djus esa dkaxzsl dh ;ks)kdh Hkwfedk fuHkk ldrh gSA fQj mlds iklLora=rk vkanksyu dh egRoiw.kZ Fkkrh Hkh gSA blys[k dks rc vkSj T;knk egRo feyk Fkk] tcfye;s dk fuèku gks x;kA rc dkaxzsl fojksèkhlaiw.kZ jktuhfrd [kses us Hkh fye;s ds bl fopkjls lgefr trkbZ FkhA ysfdu D;k vkt dhdkaxzsl fye;s dh ea'kk dks iwjk dj ik jgh gSAoksV gkfly djus dks ysdj vYila[;d rqf"Vdj.kvkSj gokbZ ckrksa ij vkèkkfjr mldh uhfr;ksa vkSj

mlds jktuhfrd nkaoispksa esa dksbZ cnyko utjugha vk jgk gSA og iwoZor viuh gh jkS esa vkxsc<+rh utj vk jgh gSA blls og ,d [kkl oxZdh gh ikVhZ dh rjg fodflr Hkh gksrh utj vkjgh gSA tcfd vktknh ds vkanksyu dh vxqvkbZds nkSjku mldk utfj;k lexzrk ls vksrçksrjgkA vktknh ds dqN lky ckn rd og bllexzrk dks pqukSrh nsus okyh uhfr;ksa ls cprh HkhjghA ysfdu lÙkj ds n'kd esa mlesa oksV gkflydjus ds fy, ftu yVdksa&>Vdksa dh rjQdne c<+k;k] tkfr vkSj oxZ vkèkkfjr jktuhfrdks c<+kok fn;k] mlls iSnk ftUu mls fiNyhlnh ds uCcs ds n'kd esa gh [kkus yxk FkkA vcml ftUu dh Hkdkslus dh xfr rst gks xbZ gSA,sls esa dkaxzsl ds lkeus egRoiw.kZ loky ;ggksuk pkfg, Fkk fd mldk etcwr vfLrRo dSlscuk jgsA blds fy, mls tehuh gdhdr lsigys :c: gksuk gksxk vkSj viuh uhfr;ksa esavkewypwy ifjorZu ykuk gksxkA foi{k esa cSBus dsckn mlds ikl blds fy, i;kZIr ekSdk gSAysfdu nqHkkZX;o'k og jpukRed jktuhfr vkSjviuh dfe;ksa dh vksj è;ku nsus dh ctk; nwljhgh jkg ij pyus esa gh viuh HkykbZ ns[k jgh gSA,sls esa mldh lsgr es cnyko dh mEehn csekuhgh dgh tk,xhA lllll

¼ys[kd us'kufyLV vkWuykbu MkWVdkWe¼ys[kd us'kufyLV vkWuykbu MkWVdkWe¼ys[kd us'kufyLV vkWuykbu MkWVdkWe¼ys[kd us'kufyLV vkWuykbu MkWVdkWe¼ys[kd us'kufyLV vkWuykbu MkWVdkWeds laikndh; lykgdkj gSaA½ds laikndh; lykgdkj gSaA½ds laikndh; lykgdkj gSaA½ds laikndh; lykgdkj gSaA½ds laikndh; lykgdkj gSaA½

POLITICAL COMMENTARIES

The

Nationalist 53

ius nks o"kZ ds ,sfrgkfld dky[kaM esa

izèkkuea=h ujsanz eksnh us Hkkjr dh fons'kuhfr esa cnyko ds ,d u, ;qx dh 'kq#vkr dhgSA mUkdh lQy dwVuhfr ls vesfjdk] fczVsu]Ýkal] tkiku vkSj #l ljh[ks rkdroj ns'k Hkkjrds djhc vk, gSa ogha phu vkSj ikfdLrku dhHkkjr fojksèkh lk>k j.kuhfr dks djkjk >Vdkyxk gSA gky gh esa izèkkuea=h eksnh us ikap ns'kksa¼vQxkfuLrku] drj] fLoV~tjySaM] vesfjdk vkSjeSfDldks½ dh lQy ;k=kdh gS] ftlls Hkkjr dksO;kikj] mtkZ vkSj lqj{kk {ks=esa egrh miyfCèk gkfly gqbZgS ogha U;wfDy;j lIyk;jxzqi ¼,u,lth½ esa Hkkjr dhlnL;rk dk iqjtksj oSf'odleFkZu ls phu&ikfdLrkuds ealwcs èoLr gq, gS aAizèkkuea=h ds gky dh ikapns'kksa dh ;k=k vkSj mudhfiNyh ;k=kvks a es a fNisdwVuhfrd fufgrkFkksZa dks blfy, le>uk vko';dgS fd os fcuk ;q) yM+s gh phu&ikfdLRkku dksèkqy pVk jgs gaSA nks o"kZ ds dky[kaM esa izèkkuea=heksnh dh fons'k ;k=k dk phu vkSj ikfdLrku ijD;k vlj gqvk vkSj Hkfo"; esa bu ns'kksa lsfj'rs&ukrs dSls gksaxs mldk ijh{k.k&ewY;kaduvko';d gSA

phu ij izHkkophu ij izHkkophu ij izHkkophu ij izHkkophu ij izHkko

igys ckr izèkkuea=h ujsanz eksnh dh ml lèkhgqbZ dwVuhfr dh ftldh cnkSyr Hkkjr felkbyVsDuksykth daVªksy fjthe ¼,eVhlhvkj½ esa 'kkfey

gqvk gSA Hkkjr dh bl dke;kch us phu dhvlgtrk c<+k nh gS vkSj og euksoSKkfud #i lsncko esa vk x;k gSA njvly ,eVhlhvkj esa'kkfey gksus ds ckn Hkkjr vc nwljs ns'kksa dksviuh felkby VsDuksykWth csp ldsxk vkSj t#jriM+us ij vesfjdk ls ml fizMsVj MªksUl dks [kjhnHkh ldsxkA ;g ogh rduhd gS ftlusvQxkfuLrku esa rkfycku ds fBdkuksa dks iwjhrjg rckg dj fn;kA phu dh lcls vfèkdfpark Hkkjr dh czãksl felkby dks ysdj gS tks

vkokt ls Hkh rhu xquk j¶rkj ls nq'eu dsfBdkus dks rckg djus esa l{ke gSA xkSjryc gSfd phu bl felkby dks vfLFkjrk iSnk djusokys gfFk;kj ds rkSj ij ns[krk gS vkSj mldsfojksèk dkj.k gh Hkkjr dh iwoZorhZ ljdkj usguksbZ ds lkFk lkSnk ugha fd;kA ysfdu vcHkkjr phu dh ijokg ugha djus okykA cfYd ogczãksl felkby dh lkSnsckth phu dks è;ku esaj[kdj gh djsxkA izèkkuea=h ujsanz eksnh uslqijlksfud felkby RkS;kj djus okyh daiuhczãksl ,;jksLisl dks mRiknu c<+kus ds funsZ'k ns

Ekksnh ds dwVuhfrd nkao esa QalsEkksnh ds dwVuhfrd nkao esa QalsEkksnh ds dwVuhfrd nkao esa QalsEkksnh ds dwVuhfrd nkao esa QalsEkksnh ds dwVuhfrd nkao esa Qalsphu vkSj ikfdLrkuphu vkSj ikfdLrkuphu vkSj ikfdLrkuphu vkSj ikfdLrkuphu vkSj ikfdLrku

@ vjfoan t;fryd vjfoan t;fryd vjfoan t;fryd vjfoan t;fryd vjfoan t;fryd

v

phu dh lcls vfèkd fpark Hkkjr dh czãksl felkby dksphu dh lcls vfèkd fpark Hkkjr dh czãksl felkby dksphu dh lcls vfèkd fpark Hkkjr dh czãksl felkby dksphu dh lcls vfèkd fpark Hkkjr dh czãksl felkby dksphu dh lcls vfèkd fpark Hkkjr dh czãksl felkby dksysdj gS tks vkokt ls Hkh rhu xquk j¶rkj ls nq'eu dsysdj gS tks vkokt ls Hkh rhu xquk j¶rkj ls nq'eu dsysdj gS tks vkokt ls Hkh rhu xquk j¶rkj ls nq'eu dsysdj gS tks vkokt ls Hkh rhu xquk j¶rkj ls nq'eu dsysdj gS tks vkokt ls Hkh rhu xquk j¶rkj ls nq'eu dsfBdkus dks rckg djus esa l{ke gSA xkSjryc gS fd phu blfBdkus dks rckg djus esa l{ke gSA xkSjryc gS fd phu blfBdkus dks rckg djus esa l{ke gSA xkSjryc gS fd phu blfBdkus dks rckg djus esa l{ke gSA xkSjryc gS fd phu blfBdkus dks rckg djus esa l{ke gSA xkSjryc gS fd phu blfelkby dks vfLFkjrk iSnk djus okys gfFk;kj ds rkSj ijfelkby dks vfLFkjrk iSnk djus okys gfFk;kj ds rkSj ijfelkby dks vfLFkjrk iSnk djus okys gfFk;kj ds rkSj ijfelkby dks vfLFkjrk iSnk djus okys gfFk;kj ds rkSj ijfelkby dks vfLFkjrk iSnk djus okys gfFk;kj ds rkSj ijns[krk gS vkSj mlds fojksèk dkj.k gh Hkkjr dh iwoZorhZns[krk gS vkSj mlds fojksèk dkj.k gh Hkkjr dh iwoZorhZns[krk gS vkSj mlds fojksèk dkj.k gh Hkkjr dh iwoZorhZns[krk gS vkSj mlds fojksèk dkj.k gh Hkkjr dh iwoZorhZns[krk gS vkSj mlds fojksèk dkj.k gh Hkkjr dh iwoZorhZljdkj us guksbZ ds lkFk lkSnk ugha fd;kA ysfdu vc Hkkjrljdkj us guksbZ ds lkFk lkSnk ugha fd;kA ysfdu vc Hkkjrljdkj us guksbZ ds lkFk lkSnk ugha fd;kA ysfdu vc Hkkjrljdkj us guksbZ ds lkFk lkSnk ugha fd;kA ysfdu vc Hkkjrljdkj us guksbZ ds lkFk lkSnk ugha fd;kA ysfdu vc Hkkjrphu dh ijokg ugha djus okykA cfYd og czãksl felkbyphu dh ijokg ugha djus okykA cfYd og czãksl felkbyphu dh ijokg ugha djus okykA cfYd og czãksl felkbyphu dh ijokg ugha djus okykA cfYd og czãksl felkbyphu dh ijokg ugha djus okykA cfYd og czãksl felkbydh lkSnsckth phu dks è;ku esa j[kdj gh djsxkAdh lkSnsckth phu dks è;ku esa j[kdj gh djsxkAdh lkSnsckth phu dks è;ku esa j[kdj gh djsxkAdh lkSnsckth phu dks è;ku esa j[kdj gh djsxkAdh lkSnsckth phu dks è;ku esa j[kdj gh djsxkA

POLITICAL COMMENTARIES

The

Nationalist 54

fn, gSaA xkSjryc gS fd fo;ruke phu ls viuscpko ds fy, 2011 ls gh czãksl felkby dks[kjhnus dh tqxr esa gSA blds vykok eysf'k;k]fQyhihal vkSj baMksusf'k;k Hkh czãksl felkby[kjhnus dh drkj esa gaSA è;ku nsa rks ;g lHkhns'k nf{k.kh phu lkxj esa phu dh lkezkT;oknhuhfr ls ijs'kku gSaA fQyhihal nf{k.kh phu lkxjekeys esa phu dks la;Dqr jk"Vª VªkbC;wuy rd[khap ys vk;k gSA bl elys ij Hkkjr vkSjvesfjdk nksuksa fQyhihal ds lkFk gSa vkSj pkgrs gSafd fookn dk gy varjjk"Vªh; eè;LFkrk ls gksysfdu phu gS fd viuh gBèkfeZrk ds dsapwy lsckgj vkus dks rS;kj gh ugha gSA vxj Hkkjr phuls ijs'kku bu lHkh ns'kksa dks czãksl felkby

csprk gS] tSlk fd r; Hkh gS rks fu%lansg phu dheqlhcr c<+sxhA ,sls esa phu ikfdLrku ds daèks ijlokj gksdj Hkkjr dks yf{kr djus ds iz;kl dsctk, vius iM+ksfl;ksa ls feyus okyh pqukSfr;ksa lsikj ikus dk jkLrk ryk'ksxkA ,d dgkor gS fd'k=q dk 'k=q fe= gksrk gSA izèkkuea=h ujsanz eksnhus bl lw= dks xkaB ckaèk fy;k gS vkSj phu dks^tSls dks rSlk* dh Hkk"kk esa lVhd tokc ns jgsgSaA xkSj djsa rks Hkkjr&tkiku etcwr gksrs fj'rsvkSj nksuksa ns'kksa ds chp vlSU; ijek.kq lg;ksx]j{kk midj.k rduhd vkSj xksiuh; lSU; lwpuklaj{k.k lesr dbZ egRoiw.kZ le>kSrs ls Hkh phu

dh cspSuh c<+h gSA Hkkjr vkSj tkiku ds lkFkvkus ls nf{k.kh phu lkxj esa mlds c<+rs gLr{ksidks yxke yxk gS vkSj vc og èkkSalckth dsctk, 'kkafr ds 'kCnksa dks mPpkfjr dj jgk gSAmèkj vesfjdk ds lkFk ykWftfLVd ,DlpsateseksjsaMe vkWQ ,xzhesaV lIykbZ ,xzhesaV ¼,ybZ,evks½us Hkh phu dh fpark c<+k;h gSA bl le>kSrs lsnksuksa ns'kksa ds ;q)iksr vkSj QkbVj ,;jØkV ,dnwljs ds lSfud vM~Mksa dk bLrseky rsy Hkjkus,oa vU; lktks&lkeku dh vkiwfrZ ds fy, djldsaxsA blls phu [kkSQtnk gS vkSj mls yxjgk gS fd Hkkjr vkSj vesfjdk mldh ?ksjkcanhdj jgs gSaA izèkkuea=h dh bl dwVuhfr us phuij ekufld ncko c<+k fn;k gSA gkykafd izèkkuea=h

eksnh 'kkafr vkSj lgvfLrRods i{kèkj gSa vkSj iM+kslhns'kksa ls csgrj lacaèkksa dsfgek;rh HkhA ns[kk Hkh x;kfd mUgksaus izèkkuea=h in dk'kiFk ysus ds fnu lHkh iM+kslhns'kks a ds jk"Vªkè;{kks a dksfueaf=r fd;kA lkFk ghiM+kslh ns'kksa dh ;k=k,a HkhdhA blh Øe esa mUgksausphu dh Hkh ;k=k dhA phuls mEEkhn Fkh fd og bl

igy dk LOkkxr djrs gq, ijek.kq vkiwfrZdrkZlewg ¼,u,lth½ rFkk rhu vU; fu;kZr izfrcaèk,tsafl;ksa esa Hkkjr dh iw.kZ lnL;rk dk leFkZudjsxkA ysfdu og ftl rjg vc Hkh Hkkjrfojksèk dh N% n'kd iqjkuh uhfr ij dk;e gS vkSjikfdLrku ls daèkk tksM+dj varjkZ"Vªh; lEEksyuksavkSj laLFkkvksa esa fo'ks"k #i ls ijek.kq vkiwfrZdrkZlewg ¼,u,lth½ vkSj la;qDr jk"Vª lqj{kk ifj"knesa Hkkjr dh lnL;rk vkSj LFkk;h lhV dk fojksèkdj jgk gS] mlh dk djkjk tokc izèkkuea=h eksnh}kjk fn;k tk jgk gSA ;g fdlh ls fNik ugha gSfd og frCCkr esa felkby cyksa dh la[;k esa o`f)

izèkkuea=h eksnh 'kkafr vkSj lgvfLrRo ds i{kèkj gSa vkSjizèkkuea=h eksnh 'kkafr vkSj lgvfLrRo ds i{kèkj gSa vkSjizèkkuea=h eksnh 'kkafr vkSj lgvfLrRo ds i{kèkj gSa vkSjizèkkuea=h eksnh 'kkafr vkSj lgvfLrRo ds i{kèkj gSa vkSjizèkkuea=h eksnh 'kkafr vkSj lgvfLrRo ds i{kèkj gSa vkSjiM+kslh ns'kksa ls csgrj lacaèkksa ds fgek;rh HkhA ns[kk Hkh x;kiM+kslh ns'kksa ls csgrj lacaèkksa ds fgek;rh HkhA ns[kk Hkh x;kiM+kslh ns'kksa ls csgrj lacaèkksa ds fgek;rh HkhA ns[kk Hkh x;kiM+kslh ns'kksa ls csgrj lacaèkksa ds fgek;rh HkhA ns[kk Hkh x;kiM+kslh ns'kksa ls csgrj lacaèkksa ds fgek;rh HkhA ns[kk Hkh x;kfd mUgksaus izèkkuea=h in dk 'kiFk ysus ds fnu lHkh iM+kslhfd mUgksaus izèkkuea=h in dk 'kiFk ysus ds fnu lHkh iM+kslhfd mUgksaus izèkkuea=h in dk 'kiFk ysus ds fnu lHkh iM+kslhfd mUgksaus izèkkuea=h in dk 'kiFk ysus ds fnu lHkh iM+kslhfd mUgksaus izèkkuea=h in dk 'kiFk ysus ds fnu lHkh iM+kslhns'kksa ds jk"Vªkè;{kksa dks fueaf=r fd;kA lkFk gh iM+kslh ns'kksans'kksa ds jk"Vªkè;{kksa dks fueaf=r fd;kA lkFk gh iM+kslh ns'kksans'kksa ds jk"Vªkè;{kksa dks fueaf=r fd;kA lkFk gh iM+kslh ns'kksans'kksa ds jk"Vªkè;{kksa dks fueaf=r fd;kA lkFk gh iM+kslh ns'kksans'kksa ds jk"Vªkè;{kksa dks fueaf=r fd;kA lkFk gh iM+kslh ns'kksadh ;k=k,a Hkh dhA blh Øe esa mUgksaus phu dh Hkh ;k=k dhAdh ;k=k,a Hkh dhA blh Øe esa mUgksaus phu dh Hkh ;k=k dhAdh ;k=k,a Hkh dhA blh Øe esa mUgksaus phu dh Hkh ;k=k dhAdh ;k=k,a Hkh dhA blh Øe esa mUgksaus phu dh Hkh ;k=k dhAdh ;k=k,a Hkh dhA blh Øe esa mUgksaus phu dh Hkh ;k=k dhAphu ls mEEkhn Fkh fd og bl igy dk LOkkxr djrs gq,phu ls mEEkhn Fkh fd og bl igy dk LOkkxr djrs gq,phu ls mEEkhn Fkh fd og bl igy dk LOkkxr djrs gq,phu ls mEEkhn Fkh fd og bl igy dk LOkkxr djrs gq,phu ls mEEkhn Fkh fd og bl igy dk LOkkxr djrs gq,ijek.kq vkiwfrZdrkZ lewg ¼,u,lth½ rFkk rhu vU; fu;kZrijek.kq vkiwfrZdrkZ lewg ¼,u,lth½ rFkk rhu vU; fu;kZrijek.kq vkiwfrZdrkZ lewg ¼,u,lth½ rFkk rhu vU; fu;kZrijek.kq vkiwfrZdrkZ lewg ¼,u,lth½ rFkk rhu vU; fu;kZrijek.kq vkiwfrZdrkZ lewg ¼,u,lth½ rFkk rhu vU; fu;kZrizfrcaèk ,tsafl;ks a es a Hkkjr dh iw.kZ lnL;rk dk leFkZuizfrcaèk ,tsafl;ks a es a Hkkjr dh iw.kZ lnL;rk dk leFkZuizfrcaèk ,tsafl;ks a es a Hkkjr dh iw.kZ lnL;rk dk leFkZuizfrcaèk ,tsafl;ks a es a Hkkjr dh iw.kZ lnL;rk dk leFkZuizfrcaèk ,tsafl;ks a es a Hkkjr dh iw.kZ lnL;rk dk leFkZudjsxkAdjsxkAdjsxkAdjsxkAdjsxkA

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djds rFkk lkefjd canjxkgksa dh Ja[kyk ds }kjkbls ?ksjdj E;kaekj esa dksdks }hi ls ysdj ikfdLrkuesa Xoknj rd cuk jgk gSA ysfdu fiNys fnuksaizèkkuea=h eksnh us Hkkjr&bZjku pkcgkj le>kSrsdks tehuh vkdkj nsdj Hkkjr dks ?ksjus dhmldh j.kuhfr dh gok fudky nh gSA Hkkjr&bZjkupkcgkj le>kSrk phu dh Xoknj j.kuhfr ijHkkjh iM+ x;k gSA xkSj djsa rks pkcgkj canjxkgHkkjr ds fy, ftruk lkefjd #i ls egRoiw.kZ gSmruk gh vkfFkZd #i ls HkhA vc Hkkjr pkcgkjls bl bykds esa phu o ikfdLrku ds chp gksusokyh dkjksckjh vkSj j.kuhfrdxfrfofèk;ksa ij vklkuh lsutj j[k ldsxkA pwafd bZjkupkcgkj dks VªkaftV gc cukukpkgrk gS og Hkh ,d fdLels Hkkjr dh gh j.kuhfr dsvuqdwy gSA bl canjxkg usHkkjr dks vQxkfuLrku vkSjjk"Vªdwy ns'kksa ls ysdj iwohZ;wjksi rd laidZ miyCèk djkfn;k gSA vc Hkkjr dh OkLrq,arsth ls bZjku igqapsxh vkSjog ogka ls u, jsy o lM+dekxZ ds }kjk vQxkfuLrkulesr eè; ,f'k;kbZ ns'kksa dks Hkh Hkstk tk ldsxkAvQxkfuLrku esa iqufuZekZ.k ds fy, vc Hkkjr dksikfdLrku ij fuHkZj ugha jguk iM+sxkA lp rks;g gS fd izèkkuea=h eksnh us viuh lQy dwVuhfrds tfj, phu ls yM+s fcuk gh mls ijkt; dk[kksy iguk fn;k gSA vU;Fkk og dHkh Hkh 26@11eqacbZ vkradh geys esa ikfdLrku dh Hkwfedk dksLohdkj ugha djrkA

ikfdLrku ij izHkkoikfdLrku ij izHkkoikfdLrku ij izHkkoikfdLrku ij izHkkoikfdLrku ij izHkko

fdlh Hkh jk"Vª dh fons'kuhfr dks izHkkfordjuk ;k vius vuqdwy djuk vklku ugha gksrkAog Hkh rc tc vesfjdk tSls rkdroj ns'k dhfons'kuhfr dks izHkkfor djuh gks vFkok vuqdwy

djuk gksA ysfdu izèkkuea=h eksnh us ;g dekydj fn[kk;k gSA mUgksaus n'kdksa iqjkus vesfjdkdh ikd uhfr dks dkQh gn rd izHkkfor fd;kgSA vU;Fkk ;ksa gh ugha vesfjdk dh izfrfufèklHkk Hkkjr ds lkFk j{kk lacaèk fodkflr djusvkSj j{kk midj.kksa dh fcØh rFkk izkS|ksfxdhgLrkarj.k ds ekeys esa vU; ukVks ds lg;ksxhns'kksa ds lkFk ykus dh igy ds rgr f}nyh;leFkZu okys fcy dks eatwjh nsrh vkSj ikfdLRkkudks 8 ,Q&16 yM+kdw foekuksa dh izLrkfor fcØhij izfrcaèk yxkrhA ;g eku ysuk lgh ugha gS

fd ikfdLRkku ds ikl iSlk ugha Fkk blfy,vesfjdk us gfFk;kj ugha fn;kA è;ku nsa rksikfdLrku dks iSlk mldk vkdk phu Hkh miyCèkdjk ldrk FkkA ysfdu izèkkuea=h eksnh dh lèkhgqbZ dwVuhfr ls vesfjdk dks viuk QSlyk cnyusij etcwj gksuk iM+kA xkSj djsa rks ;g ,dvlkèkkj.k miyfCèk gSA ;g le>us ds fy,tkuuk gksxk fd blls igys vesfjdk dh ikduhfrD;k jgh gSA 1954 esa vesfjdk us ikfdLrku dslkFk lSfud le>kSrk djds cgqr vfèkd ek=k esalSU; lkexzh fn;k Fkk ftldk mi;ksx mlus1965 vkSj 1971 ds ;q) esa fd;kA Hkkjr dsrRdkyhu izèkkuea=h iafMr tokgjyky usg# usvesfjdk ds bl dne dk tcjnLr fojksèk fd;k

1954 esa vesfjdk us ikfdLrku ds lkFk lSfud le>kSrk1954 esa vesfjdk us ikfdLrku ds lkFk lSfud le>kSrk1954 esa vesfjdk us ikfdLrku ds lkFk lSfud le>kSrk1954 esa vesfjdk us ikfdLrku ds lkFk lSfud le>kSrk1954 esa vesfjdk us ikfdLrku ds lkFk lSfud le>kSrkdjds cgqr vfèkd ek=k esa lSU; lkexzh fn;k Fkk ftldkdjds cgqr vfèkd ek=k esa lSU; lkexzh fn;k Fkk ftldkdjds cgqr vfèkd ek=k esa lSU; lkexzh fn;k Fkk ftldkdjds cgqr vfèkd ek=k esa lSU; lkexzh fn;k Fkk ftldkdjds cgqr vfèkd ek=k esa lSU; lkexzh fn;k Fkk ftldkmi;ksx mlus 1965 vkSj 1971 ds ;q) esa fd;kA Hkkjrmi;ksx mlus 1965 vkSj 1971 ds ;q) esa fd;kA Hkkjrmi;ksx mlus 1965 vkSj 1971 ds ;q) esa fd;kA Hkkjrmi;ksx mlus 1965 vkSj 1971 ds ;q) esa fd;kA Hkkjrmi;ksx mlus 1965 vkSj 1971 ds ;q) esa fd;kA Hkkjrds rRdkyhu izèkkuea=h iafMr tokgjyky usg# us vesfjdkds rRdkyhu izèkkuea=h iafMr tokgjyky usg# us vesfjdkds rRdkyhu izèkkuea=h iafMr tokgjyky usg# us vesfjdkds rRdkyhu izèkkuea=h iafMr tokgjyky usg# us vesfjdkds rRdkyhu izèkkuea=h iafMr tokgjyky usg# us vesfjdkds bl dne dk tcjnLr fojk sèk fd;k FkkA ysfduds bl dne dk tcjnLr fojk sèk fd;k FkkA ysfduds bl dne dk tcjnLr fojk sèk fd;k FkkA ysfduds bl dne dk tcjnLr fojk sèk fd;k FkkA ysfduds bl dne dk tcjnLr fojk sèk fd;k FkkA ysfduvesfjdk us muds fojksèk dks roTTkksa ugha nhA vesfjdkvesfjdk us muds fojksèk dks roTTkksa ugha nhA vesfjdkvesfjdk us muds fojksèk dks roTTkksa ugha nhA vesfjdkvesfjdk us muds fojksèk dks roTTkksa ugha nhA vesfjdkvesfjdk us muds fojksèk dks roTTkksa ugha nhA vesfjdkikfdLrku ds fdruk fudV jgk blh ls le>k tk ldrkikfdLrku ds fdruk fudV jgk blh ls le>k tk ldrkikfdLrku ds fdruk fudV jgk blh ls le>k tk ldrkikfdLrku ds fdruk fudV jgk blh ls le>k tk ldrkikfdLrku ds fdruk fudV jgk blh ls le>k tk ldrkgS fd ebZ] 1965 esa izèkkuea=h ykycgknqj 'kkL=h us tcgS fd ebZ] 1965 esa izèkkuea=h ykycgknqj 'kkL=h us tcgS fd ebZ] 1965 esa izèkkuea=h ykycgknqj 'kkL=h us tcgS fd ebZ] 1965 esa izèkkuea=h ykycgknqj 'kkL=h us tcgS fd ebZ] 1965 esa izèkkuea=h ykycgknqj 'kkL=h us tcvesfjdh jk"Vªifr tkWUlu ds fuea=.k ij ogka dh ;k=kvesfjdh jk"Vªifr tkWUlu ds fuea=.k ij ogka dh ;k=kvesfjdh jk"Vªifr tkWUlu ds fuea=.k ij ogka dh ;k=kvesfjdh jk"Vªifr tkWUlu ds fuea=.k ij ogka dh ;k=kvesfjdh jk"Vªifr tkWUlu ds fuea=.k ij ogka dh ;k=kdk dk;ZØe cuk;k] mlh le; ikfdLrku ds v;wc [kkudk dk;ZØe cuk;k] mlh le; ikfdLrku ds v;wc [kkudk dk;ZØe cuk;k] mlh le; ikfdLrku ds v;wc [kkudk dk;ZØe cuk;k] mlh le; ikfdLrku ds v;wc [kkudk dk;ZØe cuk;k] mlh le; ikfdLrku ds v;wc [kkuds nkSjs ds dk;ZØe ds dkj.k vesfjdk us viuk fuea=.kds nkSjs ds dk;ZØe ds dkj.k vesfjdk us viuk fuea=.kds nkSjs ds dk;ZØe ds dkj.k vesfjdk us viuk fuea=.kds nkSjs ds dk;ZØe ds dkj.k vesfjdk us viuk fuea=.kds nkSjs ds dk;ZØe ds dkj.k vesfjdk us viuk fuea=.kokil ys fy;kAokil ys fy;kAokil ys fy;kAokil ys fy;kAokil ys fy;kA

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FkkA ysfdu vesfjdk us muds fojksèk dks roTTkksaugha nhA vesfjdk ikfdLrku ds fdruk fudVjgk blh ls le>k tk ldrk gS fd ebZ] 1965 esaizèkkuea=h ykycgknqj 'kkL=h us tc vesfjdhjk"Vªifr tkWUlu ds fuea=.k ij ogka dh ;k=k dkdk;ZØe cuk;k] mlh le; ikfdLrku ds v;wc[kku ds nkSjs ds dk;ZØe ds dkj.k vesfjdk usviuk fuea=.k okil ys fy;kA ;gh ugha tc HkhdHkh izfrcaèkksa dh ckr vk;h gS rks vesfjdkikfdLrku ds lkFk&LkkFk Hkkjr dks Hkh fdlhizdkj dh vesfjdh lgk;rk iznku djus ij jksdyxk;k gSA ;kuh mlds iyM+s ij Hkkjr vkSjikfdLrku cjkcj jgsA vQ&ikd uhfr ds rgrmlus ikfdLrku ij vka[k candj Hkjkslk fd;kvkSj mls eqaag ekaxh vkfFkZd enn Hkh eqgS;k djk;hAysfdu izèkkuea=h eksnh dh èkkjnkj dwVuhfr usikfdLrku ds vlyh psgjs dks csudkc dj vesfjdkdks mlls u flQZ nwj fd;k gS cfYd vesfjdhlaln ds tfj, Hkkjr vkSj vesfjdk ds vifjgk;Zlacaèkksa dks Hkh fu#fir fd;k gSA U;wfDy;j lIykbZxzqi ;kuh ,u,lth vkSj ,eVhlhvkj ds elysij vesfjdk ds leFkZu dks blh n`f"Vdks.k ls

ns[kk tkuk pkfg,A

vc ekudj pyuk gksxk fd cnyrs oSf'odifjn`'; esa ikfdLrku dks igys tSlk u rksvesfjdk ls djksM+ksa MkWyj dh vkfFkZd lgk;rkfeyus okyk gS vkSj u gh ,Q&16 tSls ?kkrdyM+kdw foekuA blls mldh vFkZO;oLFkk detksjgksxh vkSj og vkradh laxBuksa dks vkfFkZd ennugha ns ldsxkA bldk dqifj.kke ;g gksxk fdikfdLrku esa vjktdrk QSysxh vkSj cywfpLrkurFkk ihvksds esa vktknh ds vkanksyu rst gksaxsAlp rks ;g gS fd izèkkuea=h eksnh us vesfjdk dksikfdLrku ls nwj dj mldh udkjkRed dwVuhfrdh dej rksM+ nh gSA blds vykok izèkkuea=heksnh us pkcgkj le>kSrs vkSj gsjkr fLFkr lyekMSe ds tfj, bZjku vkSj vQxkfuLrku ls lacaèkizxk<+ dj ikfdLrku dks viuh [kksy esa fleVusdks etcwj dj fn;k gSA og fnu nwj ugha tcphu vkSj ikfdLRkku fj'rs etcwr djus vkSjvkradokn [kRe djus dh nqgkbZ nsaxs vkSj izèkkuea=hujsanz eksnh oSf'od iVy ij lkefjd vkSj dwVuhfrdk ekunaM x<+saxsA l l l l l

¼ys[kd ofj"B LrEHkdkj g¼ys[kd ofj"B LrEHkdkj g¼ys[kd ofj"B LrEHkdkj g¼ys[kd ofj"B LrEHkdkj g¼ys[kd ofj"B LrEHkdkj g S a½S a½S a½S a½S a½

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INDIA'S WORLD OF DIPLOMACY

In purely quantitative terms, theNarendra Modi government’s

engagement with the world throws upsome interesting statistics. Mr Modihas travelled to 33 nations and metover 100 world leaders in the past twoyears while external affairs ministerSushmaSwaraj made 34 bilateralvisits and met over 115 foreignministers. India evacuated thousandsof those stranded in strife-tornUkraine, Libya, Iraq and, mostnotably, from Yemen, where over6,000 were evacuated under“Operation Raahat”, including 2,000foreign nationals from 48 countries.FDI has gone up by 40 per cent andIndia has jumped 16 spots on theWorld Economic Forum’s GlobalCompetitive Index.

But these numbers, thoughimportant, tell only a part of the story.In a globalising era, the key aspect offoreign policy should be managing theconflicting interests and expectationsof different countries and fine-tuningthese in our own interest. Earlier, wewere stuck on keeping Israel at arms’length in the belief that this wouldkeep our traditional Gulf friendshappy (and also for domesticvotebank politics). But thisgovernment has held threeunprecedented bilateral summits withthe UAE, Saudi Arabia and Iran (witha Qatar visit coming soon), but also

A+ in foreign policy@ Vijay Chauthaiwale

strengthened ties with Israel.

When Mr Modi met Israeli PMBenjamin Netanyahu for the first timein New York in September 2014, on theUN General Assembly session’ssidelines, an Israeli commentatorwrote that “the most important thingNetanyahu did in New York wasn’t atthe UN”, it was meeting India’s newPM. With Tehran and Riyadh backingrival sides in the raging civil war inSyria, it is noteworthy that PM Modihas not only visited both countries ina short span, but also got a rousingwelcome in both.

Ms Swaraj has already visitedIsrael and there is huge anticipationabout Mr Modi’s expected visit. Whilethe details are yet to be announced, asand when it happens it willundoubtedly be one of the mostsignificant events in the history of bothcountries. Energy security isundoubtedly one of the top prioritiesof this government. The recentChabahar agreement between India,Iran and Afghanistan will not onlygive India earlier access to Iranian oil,but also to Afghanistan, bypassingPakistan.

Africa is emerging as a majorplayer in supplying oil and naturalgas: the 16 per cent it contributes nowis likely to shoot up. Further, uraniumsupply agreements with Australiaand Canada are further landmarks in

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achieving energy security.Infrastructure development is anotherkey foreign policy focus. Japan isfunding the “bullet train” linkingMumbai with Ahmedabad, andseparate infrastructure funds havebeen announced with the US, Britainand UAE. Almost every major countryis a partner in Smart City projects. Ourpartnership with the majordemocracies is being strengthened atevery level, most importantly with theUnited States. Mr Modi has alreadyvisited the US thrice in the past 24months, and President Barack Obamawas chief guest at our Republic Daycelebrations last year.

Next month, PM Modi will pay anunprecedented fourth visit toAmerica, and will address the USCongress. Defence ties have beensignificantly upgraded, withManoharParrikar and US defencesecretary Ashton Carter exchangingvisits, and the US-India DefenceTechnology and Partnership Act, thatputs India at par with America’s Natoallies, is before the US Senate. The“Act East” policy is yieldingdividends: the results are visible inBangladesh, Myanmar, South Korea,Singapore, Malaysia and Japan.Japan’s PM Shino Abe developed astrong personal chemistry with

Mr Modi long before he becamePM, as Japan (and Canada) wereregulars at the Vibrant GujaratSummits. Closer India-Japan ties arebeing carefully watched globally,specially in the context of China’srising assertiveness. Reviving

civilisational ties is a unique aspect ofPM Modi’s foreign policy outreach.Visits to temples in Bangladesh, Nepaland Sri Lanka, a mosque in Abu Dhabi,a Buddhist monastery in Mongoliaand to gurdwaras in Canada and Iransymbolise this. The engagement withthe Indian diaspora worldwide is yetanother major step, involving thecommunity in bettering ties with hostcountries. The grand public welcomeMr Modi got in countries rangingfrom the US, Britain and China isunprecedented not only in Indianpolitical history, but for any politicalleader worldwide.

While all these initiatives willreap both short-term and long-termbenefits, there are still a few areas ofconcern. India’s policy towardsPakistan has been consistent, it hasmade it clear that terrorism and talkscannot go hand in hand. India, underManmohan Singh, made a tacticalerror by delinking terror and talks inthe joint statement issued in July 2009at Sharm El Sheikh. We can’t affordthis, and the ball is now squarely inPakistan’s court, on how it respondsto Indian demands to act against theperpetrators of terror living understate protection who are involved inthe attacks in Mumbai andPathankot.

Enhanced China-Pakistan defenceand infrastructure ties, China’sambiguous stance on anti-Indiaterrorists on Pakistani soil and itsopposition to India’s entry into theNuclear Suppliers Group are addingcomplexities in India-China relations.

INDIA'S WORLD OF DIPLOMACY

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Nepal’s highly fragmented polity andits inability to take along all sectionsof Nepalese society is yet another areaof concern for India. India hastraditionally had a close relationshipwith Britain, and has strong ties withalmost all European Union nations.The coming “Brexit” referendum inthe UK is likely to have a significantimpact on global geopolitics,particularly if Britain decides to leavethe EU.

The relationship with the US hasmatured enough to grow beyondAmerican domestic politics.Therefore, irrespective of who wins inNovember, the outcome of the USpresidential election is unlikely have

any major adverse impact on India-US relations. Two years back, whenMr Modi was elected PM, no one hadimagined foreign policy would beamong his key success stories. Butright from the day of his swearing-in,to which he had invited all the headsof Saarc nations, the NDAgovernment has pursued a concertedagenda of strengthening ties with allnations of interest, rebuildingcivilisational and cultural bridges,reinforcing national security prioritiesand extending a helping hand to allthose in need, thereby making India asignificant player in global affairs. l

(Courtesy: Deccan Chronicle,May 28, 2016)

INDIA'S WORLD OF DIPLOMACY

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EVENT@SPMRF

Dr.Syama Prasad MookerjeeResearch Foundation (SPMRF)

organized a discussion on “Culturallinks: India and South-East Asia”-present achievements & futurepossibilities, on 27th May 2016 withMr. Rahul Goswami, UNESCO Experton Intangible Cultural Heritage (ICH)& Advisor, UNESCO, RegionalInstitute in Asia-Pacific Region forTraining in Intangible Culture

Event Report of SPMRF Round table series: 27th May 2016

Discussion on “Cultural links: Indiaand South-East Asia”-present

achievements & future possibilities

Heritage (CRIHAP), Beijing. Thediscussion was chaired by Mr. ShaktiSinha IAS (retd) who is Former ChiefSecretary Goa, Former Power &Finance Secretary Delhi, Former Jt.Secretary PMO, Member, SPMRFAdvisory Council.

The discussion focused on thecultural links of India with SoutheastAsian nations and how the newdynamism in terms of India’s “Act

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East Policy” can be fruitful inbuilding up on those relations.

Mr. Rahul Goswami beganhis talk by tracing the culturalrelationships between India andSoutheast Asia back throughhistories. He showed through hisPPT slides that how symbols andstructures used in India andmany countries in SoutheastAsia i.e. Indonesia and Thailandare proof of shared culture andcivilization. He said that “Thecultural ties illustrates a key steppingstone to build efficient and seamlessconnections for a more cooperative,prosperous, and integrated region. Thetemples and monasteries of AngkorVat in Cambodia, Borobudur inIndonesia, Shwedagon in Myanmar,to name just a few, are standingtestimonies to the strong ties that haveexisted between India and this region.Suvannabhumi, the golden land, is aterm frequently used for SoutheastAsian region.”

He also spoke of how in past Indianculture has influenced thedevelopment of kingdoms andempires like Srivijaya in Sumatra andthe Majapahit in Java, Bali and thePhilippine archipelago. Indianinfluence is still visible today inSoutheast Asian architecture, food,pop culture, language and religion.What is most remarkable of thisspread of culture is that it was notspread by means of conquest or threatto life of an individual or society butby means of voluntary acceptance ofcultural and spiritual values of India.

This lesson also brings forward thebeautiful idea that peace andfriendship with other nations, othersocieties, other religions and othercultures help our lives and make itmore meaningful. He also said that“The most important source of studyof the remains of this culturalintercourse and impact are theSanskrit inscriptions written in Indianscript. These have been found all overthe Southeast Asian region and a studyof these inscriptions and otherliterature shows that the language,literature, religious, political andsocial institutions were greatlyinfluenced by India.”

The challenges and prospects ofhow to build the relations strongerwere looked into and discussed as well.Among those who participated wereMr. P.P. Shrivastava I.A.S. (retd),Former Member, North-EasternCouncil, Dr.Uttam Sinha, Fellow,(IDSA), Amb. R. Dayakar, formerambassador to Iraq and West Asiaand other young scholars andresearchers. l

EVENT@SPMRF

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PARTY PRESIDENT

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Independence can be meaningfulonly if it becomes instrument for

expression of our Culture.

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