specification - tunnel waterproofing and drainage specification

8/10/2019 Specification - Tunnel Waterproofing and Drainage Specification

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Thiess John HollandJoint Venture

Airport Link | NorthernBusway | EWAG

Global - Supplementary

Specification - Tunnel -Waterproofing andDrainage GLTSP107

Document refBC-PBA-GLTSP107-SPC-0001-0-0220 January 2010

AFC RE-ISSUE


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Thiess John HollandJoint Venture

Airport Link | NorthernBusway | EWAG

Global - Supplementary

Specification - Tunnel -Waterproofing andDrainage GLTSP107

January 2010


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Thiess John Holland Joint Venture Airport Link | Northern Busway | EWAGGlobal - Supplementary Specification - Tunnel - Waterproofing and Drainage GLTSP107

Contents

Page

1 General 1

1.1 Scope 1

1.2 Waterproofing Requirements and Methods 2

1.3 Definition of Terms 3

1.4 Standards and Related Specifications 4

1.5

Discrepancy Between Drawings and Specification 6

2 Quality System Requirements 7

2.1 General 7

2.2 Hold Points, Witness Points and Milestones 7

2.3 Work Method Statements 9

3

Waterproof Membranes 9

3.1 General 9

3.2 Preformed Polymer Membranes 11

3.3 Installation of Preformed Polymer Membrane (PPM) 15

3.4 Spray-on Membranes 17

3.5 Submissions 19

4

Ancillary Items 19

4.1 Waterstops 19

4.2 Penetrations / Proprietary Membrane Fixing 19

4.3 Submission Requirements 20

4.4 Re-injectable Tubes 20

4.5

Bentonite Bands 20

5 Geotextiles and Drainage Materials 20

5.1 Geotextiles 20

5.2 Drainage Materials 21

6 Concrete 22


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Table 10 Geotextile Fleece for use with PPM Properties

Appendices

Appendix A

Verification Records

Appendix B

Response to Comments


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1 General

This technical specification has been provided by Parsons Brinckerhoff Arup Joint Ventureon behalf of Thiess John Holland Joint Venture for use in execution of the Design and

Construct Contract with the Airport Link, Northern Busway and ARU project (the Project).

1.1 Scope

This specification covers the waterproofing and drainage requirements for drained and

undrained tunnels.

The tunnels covered by this Specification include:

Mined (or Driven), including mainline tunnels, caverns, cross passages, ramps,

substations, low point sumps and shafts.

TBM connections to cut and cover structures

Cross passages and junctions with mined tunnels and TBM tunnels

Substations and Sumps

The extent of drained and undrained tunnels is in accordance with the Concept Design

1.1.1 Exclusions

The gaskets that seal between TBM segments are covered in Global Supplementary

Specification Tunnel Segmental Lining (reference BC-PBA-GLTSP110-SPC-0001).

1.1.2 Drained Tunnels

Mined cast-insitu concrete lined drained tunnels are to be provided at the following

locations:

Northbound and Southbound mainlines;

Bowen Hills cavern (at southbound tunnel off ramp)

Southbound off ramp

Lutwyche caverns (at northbound mainline tunnel off ramp and southbound

mainline tunnel on ramp)

Kedron northbound and southbound caverns (at entry and exit from TBM tunnels

with westbound off ramp and eastbound on ramp);

Mined tunnel cross-passages

Substations

Sumps


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1.2 Waterproofing Requirements and Methods

1.2.1 GeneralThe tunnel waterproofing systems shall be installed in accordance with:

the Design Drawings

the Specification for Tunnelling, British Tunnelling Society and Institution of Civil

Engineers, June 2000 or

equivalent international standard and installed in accordance with the manufacturers

specifications

1.2.2 Project Deed Requirements

The project Deed requires that:

Any groundwater seepage into the completed tunnels and associated Project Works

shall not be visible and no water shall be permitted to drip or flow onto or over road

pavements, walkways, egress passages and plant and equipment rooms.

Permanent waterproofing treatments shall ensure that any water present on internal

surfaces of the tunnels does not affect the safety, durability and function of the tunnels.

where leakage exceeds the limits specified by the Project Deed, the leakage shall be

reduced to those specified limits

1.2.3 Drained Tunnels

The waterproofing system for the drained tunnels shall include:

a waterproof membrane installed over the crown to shoulder level or down to the tunnel

formation level

a lower wall drain of membrane (or approved drainage medium) from the tunnel arch to

the longitudinal invert perimeter drain

a geotextile drainage fleece layer installed between the ground and membrane over the

crown and the lower wall drain

the waterproof membrane type shall have a proven history and reputation for

satisfactory performance in tunnels with similar groundwater conditions

a waterproof membrane and geotextile that is self extinguishing to minimum class E or

B2 (EN ISO 1925-2 / EN 13501-1 or DIN 4102)

evidence obtained from the manufacturer that no components of the membrane shall

leach out and deleteriously affect the durability of any of the following:


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Geotextile fleece in accordance with Section 5

Drainage mat / net, anchor drain, strip drain and / or dimple sheet for tunnel arch / wall

drainage in accordance with Section 5

Sheet Preformed Polymer Membrane in accordance with Section 3.2.

Rearguard waterstops in accordance with Section 4.1

Hydrophilic waterstops as required to construction joints and TBM precast segmental

linings in accordance with Section 4.1

Grout injection tubes for post-construction grouting of joints and supplementarywaterproofing elements installed in case of excessive leak detection in accordance with

Section 4.4

Supplementary waterproofing elements such as bentonite strips and protective

membrane strips at construction joints in accordance with Section 4.5

Compartmentalisation and termination fixings including rearguard waterstop

arrangements and membrane tapes with epoxy adhesives in accordance with the

design drawings. Spray-on waterproofing membranes in special areas where nominated by the Design

Drawings and in accordance with Section 3.4

All associated fixings for membranes including any special fittings for sealing around

penetrations and anchor bolts in accordance with Section 4

Slotted flexi-drain pipes and strip drains fixed in the shotcrete subgrade in areas where

the Waterproofing Supervisor considers that the inflow of water will impede the ability to

install the waterproofing membrane in accordance with this specification.

Slotted pipes, trench formers, inspection and maintenance pits and rockfill or gravel

drainage layers / pipe-surrounds in accordance with Section 5.2.

No-fines concrete in areas of subgrade and invert drainage in accordance with

Specification (reference BC-PBA-GLRSP301-SPC-0001).

Smoothing shotcrete to tunnel lining substrate surfaces in accordance with specification

(reference BC-PBA-GLTSP102-SPC-0001).

Blinding concrete to undrained tunnel invert substrate surfaces in accordance with

Specification (reference BC-PBA-GLTSP106-SPC-0001).

1.3 Definition of Terms

Definitions applicable to many specifications including this Specification shall include those


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designed for the part of the expected full hydrostatic

pressure and to direct the collected seepage groundwater

to a dedicated seepage drainage system without directingit onto the roadways.

Undrained Tunnel

(Mined)

A tunnel where the permanent lining will be fully enclosed

over its entire perimeter by a waterproof membrane that

prevents the ingress of water into the tunnel and the

drawdown of the ground water table.

Extrados Exterior curve of an arch

FPO Flexible Polyolefine Elastomer (PE-PP copolymer)

HDPE High-density polyethylene

HDPP High-density polypropylene

Hot Works Permit TJH Procedure for undertaking hot works in the underground

works. (Hot works include welding, flame or arc cutting, burning

or heating.)

Intrados Inner curve of an arch

LLDPE Linear Low Density Polyethylene -

PPM Preformed Polymer Membrane

PVC-P Advanced plasticized Polyvinyl-chloride

Project Engineer Person nominated by TJHJV to oversee and approve the

construction of a defined portion of the Works, and to ensure that

the work is in compliance with the requirements of the

specifications and Quality Assurance System

Waterproofing

Supervisor

Person nominated by TJHJV to oversee and approve the

construction and installation of all Waterproofing Project Works

for the Driven Tunnels in accordance with the Project Deed

Annexure 2 Part 1 Construction Requirements Section 2.4

Waterproofing of Tunnel Structures

VLDPE Very Low Density Polyethylene

1.4 Standards and Related Specifications


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BC-PBA-GLSSP405-SPC-0001 Global - Supplementary Specification - Structures

Grouting for Ground Water Control

BC-PBA-GLTSP101-SPC-0001 Global Supplementary Specification Tunnel Rock

Reinforcement

BC-PBA-GLTSP102-SPC-0001 Global - Supplementary Specification - Tunnel - Shotcrete

Lining

BC-PBA-GLTSP103-SPC-0001 Global - Supplementary Specification - Tunnel - Mined

Tunnels Excavation and Implementation

BC-PBA-GLTSP106-SPC-0001 Global - Supplementary Specification - Tunnel - Cast-in-place Concrete

BC-PBA-GLTSP109-SPC-0001 Global - Supplementary Specification - Tunnel - Precast

Concrete for Segmental Linings

BC-PBA-GLTSP110-SPC-0001 Global - Supplementary Specification - Tunnel - Segmental

Lining

BC-PBA-GLTSP111-SPC-0001 Global - Supplementary Specification - Tunnel - TBM

Instrumentation and Monitoring

BC-PBA-GLTSP112-SPC-0001 Global - Supplementary Specification - Tunnel - Opening

Sets

BC-PBA-GLRDR100-RPT-0100-G-02 Design Manual Global Drainage

BC-PBA-AGGHG100-RPT-0001-G-01 Global Geotechnical Hydrogeology Analysis

BC-PBA-AGDTR100-RPT-0001-F-02 Global Durability Technical Report

American Standards

ASTM D4533 - Standard Test Method for Trapezoidal Tearing Strength of Geotextiles

ASTM D1438 - Methods of Test for Pentosans in Cellulose

ASTM D4487 Standard Test Methods for Analysis of Calcium Borosilicate

ASTM D4787 - Standard Practice for Continuity Verification of Liquid or Sheet Linings

Applied to Concrete Substrates

ASTM D6132 - Standard Test Method for Non-destructive Measurement of Dry Film

Thickness of Applied Organic Coatings Using an Ultrasonic Gage

Austral ian Standards

HB 90.3 - Guide to ISO 9001:2000


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DIN 4102 - Fire Behaviour of Building Materials and Building Components -Requirements

and Testing

DIN 16726 Perforation Test

DIN 16776 Plastic Moulding Materials; Polyethylene Moulding Materials; Classification

and Designation

EN1542 Products and Systems for the Protection and Repair of Concrete Structures

Test Methods Measurement of Bond Strength by Pull-off

EN13562 - Testing of Geotextiles Part 4: Determination of Permeability of Geotextiles

Normal to their Planes under Load of Constant Hydraulic Height Difference

EN ISO 10319 - Geosynthetics Wide-width Tensile Test

EN ISO 12236 - Geosynthetics Static Puncture Test (CBR Test)

EN ISO 12956 - Geotextiles and Geotextile Related Products -Determination of the

Characteristic Opening Size

EN ISO 12958 - Geotextiles and Geotextile Related Products Determination of Water Flow

Capacity in their Plane

EN 9864 - Geotextiles and Geotextile Related Products Determination of Mass per Unit

Area

EN 9863 - Geotextiles and Geotextile Related Products -Determination of Thickness at

Specified Pressures - Part 1: Single Layers

EN 13433 - Geotextiles and Geotextile Related Products -Dynamic Perforation Test (Cone

Drop Test)

SIA 280 - Swiss Association of Standardisation 280 - Geomembranes Products and

Construction Material Testings

Other

ISO 9002 Quality Systems - Model for Quality Assurance in Production, Installation and

Servicing

Specification for tunnelling, British Tunnelling Society and the Institution of Civil Engineers,

June 2000DVS 2225-2 Joint of lining membranes made of poly materials in geotechnical and

hydraulic engineering site testing

NACE RP0188 Discontinuity Testing of New Protective Coatings on Conductive

Substrates


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2 Quality System Requirements

2.1 General

Specific quality system requirements are detailed within PSTS50. Construction activities

shall be carried out in accordance with the provisions of the Contractors Quality System

which shall comply with the requirements of AS/NZS ISO 9001.

2.2 Hold Points, Witness Points and Milestones

The Hold Points, Witness Points and Milestones particular to this Specification are listed in

Table 2, Table 3 and Table 4 below respectively. Refer General Specification (referenceBC-PBA-GLRSP000-SPC-0001) for Hold Point, Witness Point and Milestone definitions and

requirements.

The Contractor shall not proceed beyond a Hold Point until the Hold Point has been

released by the person nominated in Table 2. The Contractor shall notify the relevant

person when a Hold Point will be reached so that they can review and/or witness any work

process, record or test being undertaken by the Contractor and thus expedite the release of

that Hold Point.

Table 2 Hold Points

Specification

Clause

Hold

Point

Number

Hold Point Details For Release By

All relevant Hold Points outlined in the Specifications

and Project Deed including the hold points referred

to in the QDMR Project Specific TechnicalStandards (PSTS) as described in Annexure 1 Part

1.

IV

Hold Points as the Contractor deems necessary to

meet its obligations under the deedContractor

TJH shall provide necessary evidence, for the

approval of the following:

Approval of membrane details, samplesand installation methodology from the

manufacturer

Approval of the method statement for

installation of the membrane

Approval of the performance of the pre-


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Specification

Clause

Hold

Point

Number

Hold Point Details For Release By

3.3 3Visual inspection of shotcrete smoothing layer prior

to membrane installation

Waterproofing

Supervisor

3.3.1 4 Pressure testing of every welded seam

Waterproofing

Supervisor or his

nominated

competent

Membrane

Welder / Installer

3.3.1 5Inspection of membrane prior to moving form into

position for casting permanent liningContractor

3.3.3 6

Inspection of installed membrane prior to installation

of membrane protective layer before casting base

slab

Contractor

4.3 7Approval of the proposed ancillary items, including

details of installation procedures for PPM

Construction

Certifier

The Contractor shall provide the person nominated in Table 3 reasonable notice (minimum

24 hours or as otherwise specified) of all Witness Points so that inspection may be made of

the following:

Table 3 Witness Points

Specification Clause Witness Point Details For Release By

All relevant witness points the Independent

Verifier deems necessary to comply with their

requirement under the Deed.

IV

Witness points as the Contractor deems

necessary to meet its obligations under the

Deed.

Contractor

3.3.1 Pressure testing of welded seams (one offnotification thereafter no notification for dailywork activities)

Construction Certifier

3.3.1

Inspection of membrane prior to moving forminto position for casting permanent lining (oneoff notification thereafter no notification fordaily work activities)

Construction Certifier

Inspection of installed membrane prior to


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2.3 Work Method Statements

Work Method Statements which are required to be submitted by the Contractor to theConstruction Certifier in accordance with the quality system requirements of the Contract

are listed below in Table 5.

The Contractor shall not vary the materials and the method statement(s) once they have

been accepted by the Construction Certifier without further review and acceptance by the

Construction Certifier.

Table 5 Work Method Statements

Specification Clause Work Method Statements

3.2Construction Method Statement for Installation of WaterproofingMembranes, Ancillary Items and Tunnel Drainage

Note: TBM tunnels are covered in Specification BC-PBA-GLTSP111-SPC-0001

3 Waterproof Membranes

3.1 General

3.1.1 Materials

Waterproof membranes shall be sheet polymer membranes in areas where a cast-insitu

concrete permanent lining is used (refer to Section 3.2).Spray-on waterproofing membranes

are permitted to be installed in special areas such as drained-cross-passages, substations,

sumps and ventilation tunnels, as nominated by the Design Drawings and in accordance

with Section 3.3.

In all cases where waterproofing is required the Contractor shall submit a method statement

and the full details as detailed in Table 3 (together with samples) of the proposed

waterproofing / drainage system materials for acceptance by the Construction Certifier HoldPoint 1 . The Contractor shall carry out pre-production trials to demonstrate that the

materials and proposed methods of working are suitable for their intended purpose for the

acceptance of the Construction Certifier as detailed in Table 6 below.

Table 6 Pre-Production / Installation Trials

Category of Work Description of Trial

Spray-on Membrane Pre-production panel in accordance with the manufacturers

recommendations or as otherwise agreed with the Construction Certifier

to demonstrate installation method to ensure:

minimum thickness

consistency of coating

bonding strength (including proposed test method)


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All waterproofing materials shall be stored in accordance with the relevant manufacturers

recommendations.

All waterproofing materials shall capable of resisting the environmental conditions that they

are exposed to during construction and operation such that their design life is not impaired.

This includes exposure to sunlight, atmospheric conditions or ultra violet light and all

chemicals with which they are likely to come into contact.

3.1.2 Preparation of surfaces prior to Installation of membrane/geotextile/spay

on membranes

The Contractor shall ensure that surfaces on which waterproofing systems are installed are

clean, free from loose aggregate, sharp projections or any edges, projecting tying wire,release agents and other substances which are likely to damage or affect the waterproofing

system in accordance with the Design Drawings and section 6.2.

The Contractor shall survey the profile of the shotcrete smoothing layer to confirm it is to the

correct profile and meets the requirements of the membrane prior to fixing either a

separation layer of geotextile (or other approved drainage medium) or waterproof

membrane Hold Point 2.

The Contractor shall undertake any remedial measures required to meet the specifiedprofiles in accordance with the relevant shotcrete work method statements.

Shotcrete surfaces onto which a waterproof membrane is to be applied shall be prepared if

necessary by the addition of a shotcrete smoothing layer to remove local peaks and infill

hollows (reference BC-PBA-GLTSP102-SPC-0001) and to meet the manufacturers

requirements.

In areas where excessive groundwater is encountered during tunnel excavation as defined

by the Waterproofing Supervisor flexi-drains or strip-drains shall be installed within theshotcrete to divert water to the invert for collection.

Slotted flexi-drain pipes and strip drains fixed in the shotcrete subgrade in areas where the

Waterproofing Supervisor considers that the inflow of water will impede the ability to install

the waterproofing membrane in accordance with this specification.

Spray on membranes shall not be used in areas where the presence of water exceeds the

limits of the manufacturers recommendations.

3.1.3 Material Manufacturers Instructions

Waterproof membranes shall be installed in accordance with the manufacturer's

requirements

The installation of all waterproofing systems and surface preparation as specified shall be in

accordance with the material manufacturers' instructions unless a higher standard is


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Construction Certifier prior to implementation and be subject to all of the conditions of this

specification

3.1.5 Interaction with the Environment

The Contractor shall obtain information from the manufacturer(s) to demonstrate that the

waterproofing systems shall have no significant effect (short-term or long-term) on any part

of its environment, and must not provide any hazard to, or degradation of, the groundwater

quality or potability.

3.2 Preformed Polymer Membranes

3.2.1 MaterialsPreformed Polymer Membrane (PPM) shall consist of heat welded sheets of any of the

following materials:

high-density polyethylene (HDPE) as per DIN 16776 Parts 1 and 2

linear low-density polyethylene (LLDPE) Refer to Table 8

very low-density polyethylene (VLDPE) Refer

to Table 8

advanced plasticized polyvinyl-chloride (PVC-P) Refer to Table 9

flexible polyolefine elastomer (FPO) Refer to Table 9

PPM shall have the mechanical and physical properties specified in Table 7 and Table 9 in

both the longitudinal and transverse directions.

PPM may be used as a waterproof barrier for all, drained or undrained, underground tunnels

structures, shafts and portal headwalls (excluding TBM driven tunnels)

The membrane shall be supplied with a signal layer, i.e. a thin layer of different colour,

bonded to one side, which is intended to facilitate the detection of damage

Where reinforced concrete and/or embedded steelwork is to be placed against the

waterproofing membrane a signalling layer, to give a visual indication of any mechanical

damage, shall be provided on the exposed surface of the waterproofing membrane. The

signalling layer shall be such that it does not adversely affect the seam welds.

Evidence shall be obtained from the manufacturer that no components of a PPM leach out

in the long term such that the durability of any of the following components is adversely

affected:

the waterproofing membrane

the geotextile drainage/protective layer


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Table 7- PPM (VLDPE and LLDPE) Material Mechanical and Physical Properties

Tests Requirements

Thickness (Undrained Tunnels) as per DIN 53370

Minimum 2mm at 5% strain

Invert 2mm to 3mm

Thickness (Drained Tunnels) as per DIN 53370

Minimum 1.5mm or 2mm at 5% strain

Arch Crown 2mm

Lower arch wall 1.5mm to 2mm

Tensile strength in N/mm2 as per DIN EN ISO 5273

longitudinally min. 12 N/mm2

transversely min. 12 N/mm2

alternatively as per DIN 16726

min. 15 N/mm2(long, &trans)

Elongation at tear strain in% as per DIN EN ISO 5273

min. 300% (long &trans)

State during and following storage at 80C:

General

Change in Dimensions

Change in Tensile Strength

Change in Elongation

as per DIN 16726 or alternatively as per SIA 280

No blister formation


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Tests Requirements

Constant compressive strength as per SIA 280no leak at 7N/mm

2

Seam strength as per SIA 280

for homogeneously welded sheets: 80%

Signal Layer Membranes shall have a signal layer bonded to one

side of a different colour to facilitate detection of

damage

Table 8 - PPM (PVC-P and FPO) Material Mechanical and Physical Properties

Description Standard PVC-P FPO

Thickness incl. signal layer 1.5mm or 2 mm for seepage water

2mm or 3 mm for pressurizedwater

Thickness of signal layer

EN 1849-2 (DIN 16726-5.3,

DIN 53352)

0.2 mm

Mass per unit area/ density

(Tolerance/ Internal Audit)

EN 1849-2 (DIN 53479) individual

0.02 g/cm3

individual

0.005 g/cm3

Appearance EN 1850-2 (DIN 16726-5.1) free from blisters, cracks, external

capsule and voids

Straightness:

Flatness

EN 1848-2 (DIN 16726-5.2) 50 mm

10 mm

DSC-Analysis

(Internal Audit)

EN ISO 11357-1 u. -3 individual evaluation

of diagramm

MFR (Melt-Flow-Index)

(Internal Audit)

EN ISO 1133, 190C,

m=5kg

only for

polyolefin

materials

individual

tolerance: 15%

Tensile strength ISO 527-1/3/5 (DIN 16726-

5.6/ EN 12311-2)

12 N/mm2 15 N/mm2


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Dynamic perforation DIN 16726-5.12) 1500mm for

3mm

1250 mm for 3

mm

Behaviour under hydrostatic

pressure 5bar/72h (10

bar/24h)

EN 1928 (DIN 16726-5.11) no leakage

Long term compressionstrength (48h)

SIA V 280-14 No leakage at 7 N/mm2

Elastic modulus E1-2

(Material Flexibility)

ISO 527-1/3/5 (DIN 16726-

5.6)

20 N/mm2 70 N/mm2

Behaviour after storage in

aqueous solutions 28d/23C

Change of tensile strength

Change of elongation at

break

No cracks at -20C

EN 1847 (SIA V280-18; DIN

16726-5.18; EN 14414

A/B)

H2SO3 (5-6%);

Ca(OH)2(sat.);

NaCl(10%)

15%

15%

fulfil

15%

15%

fulfil

Thermal ageing(70d/70C/ hot air)

Change of weight

Change of tensile strength

Change of elongation

No Cracks at -20C

EN 1296 (SIA V280-8, DIN16726-5.13, pr EN 14575)

2.0%

20%

20%

fulfil

2.0%

20%

20%

fulfil

Behaviour after storage in

warm water (8 month/ 50 C/

weekly exchange of water)

Change of weight

SIA V280-13 (acc. to EN

14415 (DIN 53495, DIN

16726-5.18)

Jkjlds asdkfjasdf

k asdkfjas dfkasd

dfasfk asdfk

asdfk asd

4%

Not applicable to

FPO


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(for connections to cut &

cover structures)

Reaction to fire EN ISO 1925-2 /EN 13501-1

(DIN 4102)

min. class E (B2) min. class E

(B2)

Welding behaviour

Behaviour of the welding

seam at shearing :

Short-time-jointing-factor fz

Behaviour of the welding

seam at peeling

Resistance of peeling

DVS 2225-Part2/5

EN 12317-2

EN 12316-2

break outside

seam

0.6

Peeling is

possible, if

resistance of

peeling is

reached

6 N/mm

break outside

seam

0.6

Peeling is

possible, if

resistance of

peeling is

reached

6 N/mm

3.3 Installation of Preformed Polymer Membrane (PPM)

The Waterproofing Supervisor shall conduct a visual inspection of the profile prior to the

installation of geotextile fleece and membrane Hold Point 3.

PPMs shall be installed in accordance with the manufacturers specifications and relevant

international specification and guidelines and comply with the following principals:

The membrane sheets shall be fixed at all the nailing discs (roundels) by spot heat

welding. Alternative methods of fixing the waterproofing membrane may also be used

subject to acceptance by the Construction Certifier

Nails, welding tools or any other object shall not penetrate the membrane except in

accordance with fixing details having been accepted by the Construction Certifier

Welding of the membrane sheet edges shall be carried out by trained and suitably

experienced personnel and with purpose made equipment to form a flat double weld


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The Contractor shall notify the Construction Certifier of his intention to commence seam

testing which shall be carried out on a daily basis as membrane lots are completed and

signed off to be handed over for permanent concrete lining works.

The test pressure shall be applied at one end of the seams and measured at the other

end to test the integrity of the whole joint.

The test pressure shall be not less than 2 bar and reduction of pressure after 10

minutes shall not exceed 20%.

Vacuum testing to 0.2 bar using a -0.8bar gauge shall be carried out on solid extrusion

welds and hot air welded patches with no loss of vacuum or visual indication of faulty

weld.

Testing pressures and results shall be marked on the membrane and recorded on the

relevant quality assurance checklist as detailed by the Contractors approved method

statement. The marking method shall not damage the membrane

Any areas failing to achieve the specified requirements shall be repaired in accordance

with the manufacturers recommendations and the repair methods detailed in the

Contractors approved method statement. In the event the area cannot be repaired it

shall be replaced. Any areas which have been repaired shall be recorded and details

submitted to the Construction Certifier in accordance with the Contractors approved

method statement.

The inspection and testing procedure for the permanent concrete lining works shall

ensure that a visual inspection of the membrane shall be made before the final lining is

sprayed or cast Hold Point 5 and Witness Point.

3.3.2 Protection

Reinforcement used adjacent to the waterproofing membrane shall be provided with suitable

protection that ensures no damage to the membrane. The protection method shall be

detailed in the Contractors approved method statement and can include plastic caps, solid

tape or heat shrink wrap over exposed cut ends and plastic flywheel or flat bottomed plastic

circular spacers to ensure suitable separation of steel to membrane. These spacers shall be

of sufficient diameter and of sufficiently short length that they will be filled with concrete.

Any burning, or welding of steel within the tunnel shall only be carried out in accordance

with the relevant Hot Works Permit and only where the membrane has been protected asdetailed by Contractors approved method statement.

Water percolating outside the membrane shall be piped to avoid the formation of water-filled

blisters. Pipes for disposal of water shall be "lay-flat" type or small diameter polypropylene

pipe suitable for removal and membrane patching prior to final permanent concrete lining

placement Where this is not possible then a proprietary system allowing the formation of a


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The inspection and testing procedure for the permanent concrete lining works shall ensure

that a visual inspection of the membrane shall be made before the base slab is sprayed or

cast Hold Point 6 andWitness Point.

3.4 Spray-on Membranes

3.4.1 General

Spray on membranes shall not be used in areas where the presence of water exceeds the

limits of the manufacturers recommendations.

3.4.2 Materials

Spray-on waterproofing membrane shall possess the properties listed in Table 9 and shallhave a proven track record of successfully performing in a tunnel environment.

Table 9 - Spray-on Membrane Properties

Material Property Sprayed Waterproofing Membrane Requirement

Material type Cement Latex Membrane

Minimum thickness Each of the following must be satisfied:3.0mm minimum DFT(dry film thickness) applied in two coats

of 1.5mm DFT each or as otherwise recommended by the

material manufacturer

DFT measurements shall be taken in accordance with ASTM

D 1438 or ASTM D6132

Solids Content 90% minimum solids content

Behaviour when subjected to

hydrostatic pressure

Water tight in accordance with DIN 16726 tested at 4 bar for

72 hours.

Behaviour when subjected to gas

vapour pressures

Less than 1.55 x 10-9

for CO2applied at 1 bar.

Bond strength with shotcrete 1.0 MPa in accordance with EN1542:1999. Values of less

than 1.0MPa are acceptable where failure is within the

concrete substrate.

Tensile Strength 5MPa @ 28 days

Colour Minimum 2 layers; applied in alternating different colours.


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Combustion toxicity Non-toxic

Fire resistance Self extinguishing in accordance with DIN 4102-B2

3.4.3 Installation

The surface shall be prepared in accordance with Section 3.1.2

Shotcrete surface must be at least 28 days old to ensure initial shrinkage is mostly

complete.

High pressure cleaning shall be undertaken with at least 200bar/20MPa of water pressure to

remove loose particles, dirt, oil, laitance

A consistent and continuous coating shall be attained of minimum thickness as specified in

Table 9. No shadowing due to the substrate profile shall compromise the minimum

thickness. If, on inspection, shadowing is observed, the membrane shall be inspected to

assess if the minimum thickness has been attained and any required remedial action taken.

Thickness measurements shall be taken in accordance with Table 9.

Continuous adhesion testing on site shall be completed in accordance with Table 9 to

ensure the waterproofing membrane is fully bonded to the shotcrete and shall be carried out

in accordance with EN 1542.

A multi-coat system shall be used with alternating contrasting colours for each applied layer.

Each layer shall be allowed to cure for the times recommended by the manufacturer for the

relevant conditions before installation of the subsequent layer. The final colour shall be

white or otherwise highly light reflective to assist with overall lighting performance within the

tunnel.

The operatives shall be certified as competent by the Waterproofing Supervisor.

Spraying techniques shall eliminate all pinholing, holidays (i.e. missing sections) and water-

making features compromising the integrity of the waterproofing membrane. Testing for

continuity shall be completed in accordance with Table 9

3.4.4 Penetrations and Corners

All installation detailsat penetrations fixings, changes in direction, termination and the like

shall be as shown on the Design Drawings, and in accordance with the manufacturer's

recommendations. Details shall be submitted to the Construction Certifierfor approval.

3.4.5 Compliance Testing

Thickness during installation shall be monitored by utilisation of three measurements

continuously throughout the work:

Th ti f t i l h ll b h k d d d d fi ti f th


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The Contractor shall keep detailed records of the above checks and measurements, and

repair any deficiencies found prior to placement of the tunnel permanent lining.

3.5 Submissions

The following particulars of the proposed spray applied waterproofing systems shall be

submitted to the Construction Certifier.

Manufacturer's literature and a certificate showing the waterproofing manufacturer's

name, the date and place of manufacture and showing that the waterproofing

membrane complies with the requirements stated in the Contract and including results

of tests for the following items in accordance with the minimum requirements

established in Table 9:

resistance to hydrostatic pressure

resistance to gas vapour pressure

bond stress

tensile strength

elongation

statement of durability for 100 year service life

detailed drawings from the manufacturer for termination, penetrations, fixings and

the like

Manufacturers literation to confirm the spray on membrane is compatible with any

waterstops used at the locations shown on the drawings

Particulars of ancillary items such as primer, mastic, liquid membrane, and protectionboards as recommended by the manufacturers.

The particulars, including certificates, shall be submitted in accordance with the

Contractor's Quality Assurance procedures. Certificates shall be submitted for each

batch of the material delivered to the Site.

4 Ancillary Items

4.1 Waterstops

Ancillary items such as rearguard waterstops, hydrophilic waterstops, penetrations, rondels,

proprietary membrane fixings shall be as shown on the Design Drawings and as approved

by the Construction Certifier.

All ill it h ll b tibl ith th b d b fl d


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4.3 Submission Requirements

The Contractor shall review the compatibility of all membrane penetration and fixing

systems to ensure the integrity of the total waterproofing system and shall submit full details

of the proposed ancillary items, including details of installation procedures for approval by

the Construction Certifier Hold Point 7.

4.4 Re-injectable Tubes

The Contractor shall submit details of his proposed injection system to demonstrate that it

has a successful track record in similar tunnel environments.

Re-injectable tubes shall be installed, injected and reinjected according to themanufacturers requirements.

Re-injectable tubes are to be installed at the locations shown on the design drawings

After a satisfactory seal has been effected, all re-injectable tubes shall be fully and

permanently grouted with a 100-year durable grout.

4.5 Bentonite Bands

Bentonite bands shall be installed in the transition Zone between drained and undrained

tunnel length in accordance with the manufacturers instructions and recommendations.

The geotextile placed between the membrane and the rock shall be omitted where there is a

bentonite band.

The bands shall be installed at each end of a transition length and at the intervals shown on

the drawings.

The bentonite band shall be supplied in overlapping sheets or rolls and shall be overlapped

on the tunnel inside face by the adjacent membrane sheet by 100mm minimum (and in

accordance with the manufacturers instructions.).

Bentonite membrane shall be fixed to the substrate by nailing through roundelles or using

suitable large headed nails.

The membrane shall be fixed such that it is firmly against the substrate, to avoid stretching

and dislocation during concrete placement.

Penetrations of the bentonite band shall be avoided wherever possible. Where fixings arerequired into the rock to support loads, the penetration of the membrane shall be cut tight to

the fixing and the joint shall be sealed using a minimum 20mm fillet of bentonite paste.

A full inspection shall be carried out before casting of the final lining and any damage

rectified to the Waterproofing Supervisors approval.


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Perforation strength (CBR) as per EN ISO 12236

1500N

Dynamic cone puncture as per EN 13433

1.5kN/m

Elongation at failure as per EN ISO 10319

> 10%

Tear strength ASTM D4533

> 200 N

Water permeability (in-plane) at2bar as per EN ISO 12958

< 0.55 mm/s

Pore opening size O90 WET as per EN ISO 12956

< 0.09 mm

Flammability Classification as per DIN 4102

Class B2

Geotextiles shall be installed as separation and filter membranes for groundwater drainage

pipes and strip drains/dimple sheets. Materials and workmanship shall conform to PSTS27,

with the following additional provisions:

Geotextiles shall be Strength Class C in accordance with Table 3, PSTS27 Geotextiles shall be Filtration Class II in accordance with Table 4, PSTS27

5.2 Drainage Materials

Groundwater drainage pipes shall be provided at the base of the drained tunnel permanent

linings for the collection of groundwater in accordance with the Design Drawings included in

Design Lot AGTDR 200

Materials and Workmanship must conform to PSTS03, with the following additionalprovisions:

Groundwater drainage pipes shall be PVC, or perforated plastic pipes, conforming to AS

1254 or AS 2439 respectively

Minimum falls for drainage pipes shall be in accordance with the Design Drawings

Thi J h H ll d J i V Ai Li k | N h B | EWAG


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6 Concrete

6.1 No-fines Concrete

No-fines concrete shall conform to the requirements of the No Fines Concrete Subbase

Specification (reference BC-PBA-GLRSP301-SPC-0001)

6.2 Smoothing Shotcrete

Smoothing shotcrete shall conform to the general requirements of PSTS04 and the

Supplementary Specification for Shotcrete lining (reference BC-PBA-GLTSP102-SPC-0001)


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Appendix A

Verification Records


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Appendix B

Response to Comments


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No. Name Discipline Area-Organisation Document Revision Reference Reviewer Comment - IV - STAGE 2Rating

ImpactIV Status TJH Comment Designer response

Response

agreementIncorporation status


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Impact agreement

19 The Lateral and longitudinal pipes draining the NFC layer will be

located In small drainage trenhces below the NFC layer. These pipes

will be surrounded by 20mm graval and will act to drain water out of

the NFC layer. Thereby minimising the likelihood of water ponding in

the NFC layer for extended periods.

The system is designed to allow forced flushing of the NFC drainage

layer by inserting an inflatable plug at the lower end of the of the

lateral pipe and inserting a high pressure hose at the upper end of the

lateral pipe.

Maintenance of the groundwater drainage pipes will be undertaken bywater jetting and rodding. Maintence access to the pipes will be

provided by flush out points located at the blind end of all lateral

drainage pipes and at 60m centresalong the longitudinal drainage

pipes. Intermediategroundwater pits will replace every tird flush out

point, to provied improved access for blockage removal. Flush out

points and groundwater pits will be located at the toe of the barrier

within the road shoulder and will double as pressure relief caps to the

groundwater system.

CLOSED N/A

20 Short term and long term design groundwater inflows have been

factored by 3.0. Additional clogging factors were adopted for the NFC

drainage layer, based on 10% clogging in the short term (5 years) and

90% clogging in the long term (100 years).

Compliance with the Performance Specification will be achieved by the

adoption of robust. design elements for the groundwater drainage

system, including allowance for system redundancy via flow safety

factors, allowance for flushing of the NFC drainage layer andallowance for water jetting and rodding of the drainage pipes via

regular flushing points and groundwater pits

CLOSED N/A

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

IV Status

* Means Response acceptable - wi ll be closed when completed

Y Means Complies with Project requirementsN Means Does not comply with Project requirements

M Means Minor non compliance with Project Requirements

N/A Means Not Applicable to this design lot

Transmittal Stage Doc Number Revision Area Element Title

Review Comment External-IV-CNI

specification - tunnel waterproofing and drainage specification

Documents