some actions already taken weaknessesassets.statesatrisk.org/summaries/southdakota_report.pdf ·...
TRANSCRIPT
SOUTH DAKOTA
SOME ACTIONS ALREADY TAKEN
WEAKNESSES
• The state’s Hazard Mitigation Plan, technical assistance programs, disaster response plans, and emergency communications materials are helping the state address current risks across sectors.
• South Dakota’s Hazard Mitigation Plan has a section on “Climate Change Exacerbation” detailing general information on climate change-related risks.
• No evidence of detailed statewide climate change vulnerability assessments across the sectors examined.
• No evidence of detailed statewide climate change adaptation plans across the sectors examined.
• No evidence of official state funding, policies, or guidelines to improve resilience to climate change-related extreme heat, drought or inland flooding.
• No evidence of action to incorporate climate change projections associated with extreme heat, drought, or inland flooding into state-level programs, investments, and activities.
• No evidence of public outreach about climate change-related risks.
Implementing Resilience Actions
Addressing Current Risks
Conducting VulnerabilityAssessments
Planning for Adaptation
Extensive
Strong
Limited
Fair
None
ACTION TAKEN:
Extreme Heat
Drought
Wildfire
Inland Flooding
Coastal Flooding
EXTREME HEAT:
DROUGHT:
WILDFIRE:
INLAND FLOODING:
COASTAL FLOODING:
OVERALL: D-D+
F
—
F
—
ABCDF
OVERALL GRADE:
D-South Dakota faces considerable and significantly increasing threat levels from extreme heat, drought, and inland flooding between now and 2050. South Dakota scores an overall grade of D- on the Report Card, with grades ranging from a D+ for extreme heat and to an F for drought and inland flooding. The grades are relative to other states, and relative to the magnitude of the climate threats themselves. Like most states, South Dakota has taken strong action to address its current climate risks, including a comprehensive Hazard Mitigation Plan, Emergency Operations Plan, and emergency preparedness materials. However, the state has taken almost no action to plan for its future climate risks or implement programs that aim to increase its climate resilience. The state has not conducted a statewide climate change vulnerability assessment nor does it have an adaptation plan in place.
012345 million
OVERALL:
DROUGHT:
WILDFIRE:
INLAND FLOODING:
EXTREME HEAT:
COASTAL FLOODING:
EXTREME HEAT: D+D-
F
—
F
—
D+
KEY FINDINGS:
Lowest Highest
AVERAGE
THREAT LEVEL:
0% 100%
BELOW AVERAGE
PREPAREDNESS LEVEL:
The preparedness grade represents how well a state is preparing for its threat level, relative to all states evaluated for that threat. It compares a state’s position in the distribution of threat levels to its position in the distribution of preparedness scores. Thus two states with the same absolute preparedness score might receive different grades, depending on their levels of threat—a state with a higher threat level would receive a lower grade. For details, see the methodology.
South Dakota earns a D+ for its below average level of preparedness in the face of an average overall extreme heat threat. Currently, South Dakota faces a below average threat among the lower 48 states, and the state has taken strong action to prepare for current heat risks through the state’s Hazard Mitigation Plan and Emergency Operations Plan, as well as sector-specific programs like Energy Smart South Dakota. But by 2050, South Dakota is projected to see an above average percent increase in extreme heat, resulting in an average threat level, yet it has taken almost no action to address its future risks, while most states have taken at least limited action. It lacks any climate change vulnerability assessment or statewide adaptation plan.
ABCDF
SOUTH DAKOTA COMPARED TO OTHER STATES:
EXTREME HEAT THREAT DID YOU KNOW?Extreme Heat Threat to Vulnerable Populations†
Rank(among states) 29th 24th
† Average number of heat wave days per year times total vulnerable popula-tion. A score of 1 represents 1 vulnerable person exposed to 1 heat wave day.
24th
• Currently, South Dakota averages 10 days a year classified as dangerous or extremely dangerous according to the NWS Heat Index. By 2050, South Dakota is projected to see 35 such days annually.
• By 2050, the typical number of heat wave days in South Dakota is projected to increase five-fold from 10 to 50 days a year.
• South Dakota has only 25,000 people 65 and older, or under 5 years old, living below the poverty line, which is below average and ranks in the bottom five among the lower 48 states. These groups are considered to be especially vulnerable to extreme heat.
Average annual number of heat wave days: Average number of days each year on which the maximum temperature exceeds the 95th percentile of daily maximum temperature in the baseline period (1991-2010) for at least three consecutive days.
SOUTH DAKOTA
2000 2030 2050
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NO
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NO
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NO
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NO
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NO
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NO
NO
NO
NO
NO
NO
NO
n/a
NO
NO
NO
NO
NO
NO
NO
NO
NO
NO
NO
n/a
EXTREME HEAT:EXAMPLE CRITERIA
D+A subset of the criteria used to develop South Dakota’s extreme heat preparedness grade.
Tran
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Wat
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Health
Com
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Does the State Hazard Mitigation Plan cover extreme heat?
Does the state have an extreme heat emergency response plan that is updated routinely?
Does the state provide extreme heat emergency communication materials for citizens?
Has the state published information on how the frequency or severity of extreme heat events may change in the future?
Has the state conducted extreme heat vulnerability assessments for each sector?
Is the state tracking extreme heat impacts?
Is there a statewide climate change adaptation plan covering extreme heat?
Is there a statewide implementation plan for climate change adaptation?
Does the state have sector-specific extreme heat adaptation plans?
Are there optional state guidelines for resilient activities (e.g., construction)?
Are there state requirements for resilient activities (e.g., construction)?
Is there evidence that the state is implementing extreme heat adaptation policy/guidelines?
ADDRESSING CURRENT RISKS
IMPLEMENTING RESILIENCE ACTIONS
PLANNING FOR ADAPTATION
CONDUCTING VULNERABILITY ASSESSMENTS
“n/a” indicates that the sector is either insensitive to the threat or the state does not have a significant role.
SOUTH DAKOTA
OVERALL:
DROUGHT:
WILDFIRE:
INLAND FLOODING:
COASTAL FLOODING:
EXTREME HEAT: D+
D-
F—
F
—
SOUTH DAKOTA
DROUGHT: F
Lowest Highest
AVERAGE
THREAT LEVEL:
0% 100%
BELOW AVERAGE
PREPAREDNESS LEVEL:
The preparedness grade represents how well a state is preparing for its threat level, relative to all states evaluated for that threat. It compares a state’s position in the distribution of threat levels to its position in the distribution of preparedness scores. Thus two states with the same absolute preparedness score might receive different grades, depending on their levels of threat—a state with a higher threat level would receive a lower grade. For details, see the methodology.
South Dakota has one of the worst preparedness scores for widespread summer drought; it earns an F for its below average level of preparedness in the face of an average overall threat. Currently, South Dakota faces an average threat among the 36 states assessed for drought; like the majority of states, it has taken strong action to prepare for its current risks through the state’s Hazard Mitigation Plan and Emergency Operations Plan. By 2050, South Dakota’s threat level is projected to see an average increase, and to remain average. Unlike the majority of states, which have taken at least limited action, South Dakota has taken almost no action to prepare for its future drought risks. It does not have a comprehensive climate change vulnerability assessment or an adaptation plan.
ABCDF
SOUTH DAKOTA COMPARED TO OTHER STATES:
KEY FINDINGS:
01530456075
DROUGHT THREATSummer Drought Threat (Index)
Rank(among states) 15th 25th 18th
• Currently, South Dakota’s severity of widespread summer drought is average among the 36 states assessed for drought threats.
• By 2050, the severity of widespread summer drought is projected to see an average increase of 75 percent; South Dakota’s threat level is projected to remain average compared to other states.
DID YOU KNOW?
Severity of widespread summer drought: Sum of soil moisture deficit (standard score) in the summer months for model grid cells where the standard score is less than -1, when at least 30% of grid cells in a state meet this criterion.
2000 2030 2050
DROUGHT:
SOUTH DAKOTA
FEXAMPLE CRITERIAA subset of the criteria used to develop South Dakota’s drought preparedness grade.
“n/a” indicates that the sector is either insensitive to the threat or the state does not have a significant role.
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
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n/a
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n/a
NO
NO
NO
NO
NO
NO
NO
NO
NO
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NO
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NO
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NO
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Tran
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tatio
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Ener
gy
Wat
er
Health
Com
mun
ities
Does the State Hazard Mitigation Plan cover drought?
Does the state have a drought emergency response plan that is updated routinely?
Does the state provide drought emergency communication materials for citizens?
Has the state published information on how the frequency or severity of drought may change in the future?
Has the state conducted drought vulnerability assessments for each sector?
Is the state tracking drought impacts?
Is there a statewide climate change adaptation plan covering drought?
Is there a statewide implementation plan for climate change adaptation?
Does the state have sector-specific drought adaptation plans?
Are there optional state guidelines for resilient activities (e.g., construction)?
Are there state requirements for resilient activities (e.g., construction)?
Is there evidence that the state is implementing drought adaptation policy/guidelines?
ADDRESSING CURRENT RISKS
IMPLEMENTING RESILIENCE ACTIONS
PLANNING FOR ADAPTATION
CONDUCTING VULNERABILITY ASSESSMENTS
OVERALL:
DROUGHT:
WILDFIRE:
INLAND FLOODING:
COASTAL FLOODING:
EXTREME HEAT: D+
D-
F
—
F—
SOUTH DAKOTA
INLAND FLOODING: F
Lowest Highest
BELOW AVERAGE
THREAT LEVEL:
0% 100%
BELOW AVERAGE
PREPAREDNESS LEVEL:
The preparedness grade represents how well a state is preparing for its threat level, relative to all states evaluated for that threat. It compares a state’s position in the distribution of threat levels to its position in the distribution of preparedness scores. Thus two states with the same absolute preparedness score might receive different grades, depending on their levels of threat—a state with a higher threat level would receive a lower grade. For details, see the methodology.
South Dakota has the worst preparedness scores for inland flooding; it earns an F for its below average level of preparedness in the face of a below average overall threat. Currently, South Dakota faces a below average threat among the 32 states assessed for inland flooding; like most states, it has taken strong action to address its current risks through its Hazard Mitigation Plan and a number of communications materials. But South Dakota has taken almost no action to address its future inland flooding risks (most states have taken limited action or more) and the state lacks a statewide climate change adaptation plan and a vulnerability assessment for inland flooding.
ABCDF
SOUTH DAKOTA COMPARED TO OTHER STATES:
KEY FINDINGS:
0.05.8
11.617.423.229.0
INLAND FLOODING THREATInland Flooding Threat Weighted by Vulnerable Populations (Index)
Rank(among states) 26th 26th
Average annual severity of high flow events weighted by total vulner-able population and vulnerable population as a percentage of state population.
26th
• Nearly 45,000 people in South Dakota are living in flood prone areas (defined as FEMA’s 100-year floodplain), which is below average among the 32 states assessed for inland flooding threats.
• The severity of South Dakota’s high runoff events, weighted by vulnerable population, is below average and ranks in the bottom five states among the states assessed.
• By 2050, South Dakota’s inland flooding threat is projected to have an average increase, and the state is projected to continue to face a below average threat level (assuming the size of the vulnerable population stays the same).
DID YOU KNOW?
Average annual severity of high flow events: Sum of runoff volume per year that exceeds the 95th percentile of daily total runoff in the baseline (1991-2010) period.
2000 2030 2050
SOUTH DAKOTA
INLAND FLOODING: FEXAMPLE CRITERIAA subset of the criteria used to develop South Dakota’s inland flooding preparedness grade.
“n/a” indicates that the sector is either insensitive to the threat or the state does not have a significant role.
NO
NO
NO
NO
NO
NO
NO
NO
NO
NO
NO
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NO
NO
NO
NO
n/a
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NO
NO
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NO
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n/a
NO
NO
NO
NO
NO
NO
NO
NO
NO
NO
Tran
spor
tatio
n
Ener
gy
Wat
er
Health
Com
mun
ities
Does the State Hazard Mitigation Plan cover inland flooding?
Does the state have an inland flooding emergency response plan that is updated routinely?
Does the state provide inland flooding emergency communication materials for citizens?
Has the state published information on how the frequency or severity of inland flooding may change in the future?
Has the state conducted inland flooding vulnerability assessments for each sector?
Is the state tracking inland flooding impacts?
Is there a statewide climate change adaptation plan covering inland flooding?
Is there a statewide implementation plan for climate change adaptation?
Does the state have sector-specific inland flooding adaptation plans?
Are there optional state guidelines for resilient activities (e.g., construction)?
Are there state requirements for resilient activities (e.g., construction)?
Is there evidence that the state is implementing inland flooding adaptation policy/guidelines?
ADDRESSING CURRENT RISKS
IMPLEMENTING RESILIENCE ACTIONS
PLANNING FOR ADAPTATION
CONDUCTING VULNERABILITY ASSESSMENTS