socio-economic empowerment of rural poor bihar

7/30/2019 Socio-Economic Empowerment of Rural Poor Bihar

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Socio-economic Empowerment of Rural Poor

through

Sustainable Community Institutions in Bihar

JEEViKA

Bihar Rural Livelihoods Promotion Society (BRLPS) -

State Rural Livelihoods Mission (SRLM)

Government of Bihar


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Bihar : Background

Bihar Area - 2.8% of India, population - 8% of the country 81% depend on agriculture - 70% small & marginal farmers

Average landholding - 0.07-0.22 ha & usually no irrigation

Average food security - for 4-5 months for small holders

CD ratio 32%, much below the national average of 73% 54.4% live Below Poverty Line

Non-existence of complementary community institutions to

participate in development process

Low investment by formal sector leading to poor accessing credit

at exorbitant interest rate from informal sources

Lower productivity alienated small holders, increasing

uncultivated land & food insecurity


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JEEViKA : at a Glance BRLPS registered in 2006 & project JEEViKA started in

October 2007.

Outreach : Rural Poor HHs 7.5 lakh in 55 Blocks of 9 districts.

Mission: Social & Economic Empowerment of Rural Poor

through self managed community institutions of women Effective BRLPS Executive Committee: headed by Dev. Comm.

Systematic Pro poor targeting model & Saturation approach

Building Social CapitalCommunityCadre

Convergence with Line Depts, Business relationship with

Bankers & Partnership with service provider agencies

Exclusive system development in COM, Fin. & Admin,

procurement, HR manual & its continuous updating


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JEEViKA :Vision

Each SHG member should

have accessed cumulative credit of Rs. 1 Lakh.

have retired all high cost debt .

have Invested a major part of credit in a basket of incomegenerating activities (2 or 3 livelihoods).

have generated income Rs. 10,000 / pm (incremental).

Have substantially reduced expenditure on health and becomefood secured throughout the year.

come out of poverty in 5 to 7 years time frame


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JEEViKA : Objective

Self Managed SHGsestablished, covering at least80% of the target household

At least 50% of those whohave received CIF have

increased income by at least30% of the baseline

At least 50% of SHG membershave reduced high cost debtsfrom informal sources

Creating self managedcommunity institutions ofpoorest of the poor and

poor households.

Enhancing incomethrough sustainablelivelihoods.

Increasing access to socialprotection including foodsecurity through agreater voice.

Social & Economic Empowermentof the Rural Poor through :


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JEEViKA : Presence

YEAR Block Cum. Block District BRLP BKRFP SRLM

2006 5 5 5 5 0 0

2007 13 18 6 13 0 0

2009 26 44 8 24 2 0

2010 11 55 9 0 11 0

2012 113 168 38 60 0 53

168 168 38 102 13 53


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Block Project Implementation Unitsa Team consisting of Block Project Manager, Area Coordinators, and

Community Coordinators

District Project Coordination UnitDistrict Project Manager supported with specialists

State Project Management UnitPD cum CEO supported by thematic experts & support staffs

Cadre ofCommunity Resource Persons,Book Keepers and Community Mobilisers

Dedicated SocietyGeneral Body and Executive Committee

JEEViKA : Dedicated Support Structure


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JEEViKA: Institutional Architecture

-

2

CBLF

BLF

VO

Members

PG

CLF

6% Interest

SHG

12% Interest

24% Interest


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JEEViKA : Components1. Community Institutions Development

Formation & Strengthening ofa. SHGs and its Federations

b. Producers Groups

2. Community Investment Fund

a. Initial Capitalization Fundb. Livelihood Fund

c. Health Risk Fund and Food Security Fund

3. Special Technical Assistance and Development Fund

a. MF Investment & Technical Assistance (MITA)

b. Innovations & Partnership with NGOs

4. Project Management

a. HR Management

b. Monitoring and Evaluation

c. Communication


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Institutional

Platforms of the Poor

(SHGs & Federations)

Food Security

Land Leasing

Productivity Enhancement

Food Rations from PDS

Collective Purchase of Food

Access to Entitlements

BPL Cards

PDS Cards

Job Cards

Social Pensions

Financial Inclusion

Savings, Credit

Insurance

Remittances

Help Desks at Banks

Banking Correspondents

Productivity Enhancement

Agriculture (SRI, SWI, PVSP)

Dairy & Small Ruminants

Bee Keeping

Fisheries , Makhana

Non-farm incl. Art & Crafts

Health Security

Health Savings

Loans from Health Risk Fund

Women Outreach Workers

Mobile Clinics

JEEViKA : Framework

Market Access

Collective Marketing

Producer Companies

Market Partnerships

Jobs and Skill

Development

Livelihood s Enhancement

Vulnerabi l i ty Reduct ion


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JEEViKA : Key Features

SelfExclusion Targeting Model & Saturation approach

Building Social Capital - CommunityCadre

Working on both - Demand & Supply

Dedicated support structure

Investment in capacity building & performance monitoring

Convergence with Line Departments, business relationship

with bankers & partnership with service provider agencies.

Exclusive system development & its continuous updating


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JEEViKA : Journey of Nirmala Devi, Shekhwara

Before joining SHG: Landless Mahadalit, got 1 acre Bhudan land - low-productive

Family - Husband & 3 Sons

Average 15 days/month daily labour

2 quintal of rice/annum (Rs. 2000)

Incurred high cost debt of 10,000 @ 120%/annum

Mortgaged half of her land

As the interest was rising, sold the only cow & repaid 5500

Lost all hopes

Joined Suraj SHG in 2006 motivated by CRPs from AP


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JEEViKA : Journey of Nirmala Devi, ShekhwaraAfter Joining SHG:

Took 3 small loans from savings: 200, 300 & 500 for health needs

Took 5000 from ICF to start a grocery shop, earning 2000/month

Two sons trained under DRF & earn 150/day for 15 days/month

She is a senior CRP now, moves out to mobilise and earns also

She cleared all high cost debts and mortgaged land

Husband tried SRI and got 5 quintal amounting Rs. 5000

Her family income raised from 1500 to 7000/month Gets regular food grains - right price & quantity from VO run PDS

Set to take another loan to settle her last son in business/dairy

Great difference she feels is a debt free, tension free happy life


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Social Inclusion

6.1

41.2

14.6

3.2

34.9

General

BC

EBC

ST

SC

TARGETING

General BC EBC ST SC


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JEEViKA : PROGRESSS.N. Parameters Achievement (till June,12)

1. No of HH Mobilized into SHG fold 771693

2. No of SHG formed 59105

3. No of VO formed 3795

4. No of CLF Formed 36

5. No of SHGs having Bank Account 43140

6. No of Groups recd. ICF 37415

7. No of SHGs Linked with Banks 26877

8. Amount Mobilized from Bank (Rs in crore) 137.47

9. No of Youth Placed 2600

10. No. of SHG members in Livelihoods intervention 192000

11. No of DCS Formed 234

11. No. of VOs Participated in the Food Security 2012

12. No. of VOs Participated in Health Risk Intervention 2314

13. No of SHG member linked with Social Security 32859

14. No of SHG member linked with the Insurance 123000


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JEEViKA : IMPACT Sample 2666 HHs completed 3 years, shown the following results-

49%

90%

34%29%

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

Repaid High Cost

Debts

Improved Food

Security

Increased Land

Access

Increased Livestock

Access


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SIGNATURE LITERACY


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JEEViKA : IMPACT

HHs showed better saving habit in Treatment Villages ----- 58% more

HHs taking High Cost debts in Control Villages ----- 2.67 times more

HHs likely to invest their loans in Livestock's in Treatment Villages- 2.4 times more

177% HHs increased their ownership of Bullocks.

59% HHs increased their ownership of Cows.

ECONOMIC EFFECTS

27% HHs faced lower food shortage in Treatment Villages

FOOD SECURITY

33% more women can sign & 4% more women could read in Treatment Villages.

5% more Women participated in Panchayat meeting in Treatment Villages.

5% more Women visited Health Centers.

EMPOWERMENT

Sample 4000 HHs - 400 villages completed 3 years, shown the following

results-


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Exposure of the Project

Her Excellency, Honorable President of India, Mrs. Pratibha Patils Presidents

Secretariat has invited JEEViKA on 11th August 2010 for presentation on rainfedfarming : its opportunities and challenges with specific reference to System of Rice

Intensification (SRI) and System of Wheat Intensification (SWI).

The World Bank President Mr. B. Zoellickand Country Director Mr. Roberto Zeiga

visited the Project and met community members from the project.

A NATIONAL COLLOQUIUM ON SCI was organised by the Project in which Prof.

Norman Thomas Uphoff from Cornell University, USA; Dr. Erika Styger with

experience of working in Africa and Ms. Susan Burnell Edwards, Director-Institute

for Sustainable Development-Addis Ababa, Ethiopia have participated.

The Project was honored by the SKOTCH CHALLENGER AWARD for livelihoods

intervention.


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JEEViKA : Positive Factors

Display of leadership / Team Work: Pilot of all interventions with small numbers in a focused manner

Expert agency/Special spearhead teams to undertake the pilot

Based on learnings, refinement made in implementation strategy

Standard guideline prepared for scaling up

Sustainability factor:

Institutions managed by the community

Financial viability over time

Active Sub-committees in the VOs

CRP Strategy

Community professionals as driving force

Web Enabled MIS:

o For effective monitoring of outcome indicators


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Block Project Implementation Unitsa Team consisting of Block Project Manager, Area Coordinators, and

Community Coordinators

District Project Coordination UnitDistrict Project Manager supported with specialists

State Project Management UnitPD cum CEO supported by thematic experts & support staffs

Cadre ofCommunity Resource Persons,Book Keepers and Community Mobilisers

Dedicated SocietyGeneral Body and Executive Committee

JEEViKA : Dedicated Support Structure


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JEEViKA : Sustainable CBOs

Formation of CBOs and their quality nurturing Mobilisation starts from the poorest hamlets

Focus on vulnerable sections like SCs, STs, minorities, differently able,

landless, migrants, isolated HHs etc

Formation of quality SHGs based on affinity & neighbourhood

Standardized COM, Training modules etc for intensive capacitybuilding of the SHGs and their federations

Development of livelihood groups (Producer Groups) and their

federations (Producer Cooperatives/Companies)

Creating the federations as centre point of all entitlements

Block Level Federation to act as sustainable community managed

agency in a span of 5-7 years


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JEEViKA : Sustainable CBOs

CBOs to be self managed, supported by community cadresi. Taking support of Community Resource Persons (CRP):

o Selected & trained best practising members mobilise in new areas

o CRPs as agents of change & no dependence on outside factor

o Development of Master Trainer CRPs for training by the community

ii. Knowledge Rooting at Community Level:

Social assets - cadre of Community Mobilizers and Book Keepers

Community managed extension system in agriculture VRPs

The federations monitor & release payment to community cadres

Sub committees function to plan, execute and monitor activities


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JEEViKA : Financial Inclusion

Financial assistance to the poor through Capitalization: Uniform books of records

Participative Micro Planning (MP) at community level

Community Investment Fund (CIF) for capitalization

Range of requirements kept open ended and as per MP

Debt reduction & mitigate other vulnerabilities

Designing of financial products :

Health Risk Fund

Food Security Fund

Streamlining Mainstream Bank Finance: Partnership (MOUs) with Commercial Banks & RRBs

Banks came forward to facilitate the process Financial Inclusion


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JEEViKA : Financial Inclusion

Exposure Visit of Branch level & Senior Officials of Banks Improving quality of service delivery by setting up Bank

Mitra-Help Desks at branches

Bank Mitras are community members trained to facilitate banking

procedures at the branches for SHG members

It reduced banking time for the poor

Ratification of Bank Mitra policy by SLBC

Formation of a Steering Committee of SLBC on SHG financing

and Financial Inclusion Enhancing the credit limit ofSHGs to minimum of Rs. 50,000/-

Ensuring issuance of directions from different Banks HOs

Ensuring timely supply of stationery from Banks for SHGs


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JEEViKA : Reduction of Vulnerability

Strategies for Enhancing Food Security

i. Productivity enhancement in cereal crops

ii. Community managed Food Security Mechanism (FSF)

iii. Enhancing access and management of PDS by the CBOs

Strategies to enhance Health Security

i. Dedicated financial product for Health (HRF and its saving)

ii. Service at doorstep by Women Outreach Workers

iii. Access to the public health facilities (Community Clinics)

Strategies to enhance Entitlements

i. VOs facilitated to access Social Security Schemes

ii. Implementation of MGNREGA through community institutions


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JEEViKA : Integration with Livelihoods

Comprehensive agriculture intervention with small holders SRI, SWI & SCI, PVSP, Vermi Compost for productivity enhancement

Formation ofWomens Farmer Producer Companies

Promotion of Honey producers network

Organizing SHG HHs into Dairy Cooperative Societies

Fishery & Makhana: Mobilizing fisher-women in cooperatives

Cluster based approach for selected art & crafts sectors

Assessment of the skill gap and placement in jobs

Community Based Extension Mechanism : Key to success

Village Resource Person (VRP) is a local farmer identified by the VO

Conduct micro-plans & handhold 50 80 members in the entire cycle

Service charge designed to mobilize & motivate vulnerable sections


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HH levelIncome fromRs. 15-20 K

to 100 K

Financial Product,Awareness & access to

healthservices/entitlementsof Govt. through CBOs

CollectiveProcurement,

PublicDistribution

System,Productivity

Enhancement

Information sharing atCBO level, DemandDriven education-

Skilled, NREGS & otherprogrammes, Signatureto Functional Literacy

Financial Products,Demand Driven Land

/Pond Leasing,Assetization, Sellingmarketable surplusthrough CPC / PC /

DCS / Etc.

MGNREGS

14000/-AGRICULTURE 50000/-

DAIRY 24000/-

OFF/NON FARM

GOAT REARING /

POULTRY /

BEEKEEPING /FISHERY / SKILL

BUILDING 20000/-


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JEEViKA : Strategies : Project Management HR & OD :

o Multiple recruitment options: Open Market, Deputation, Internal

selection, Campus, Intern model

o Partnership with academic / training institutions for CB

o Staff deployment with tapering strategy linked with graduation of CBOs

M & E :

o Institution based MIS - Web-based monitoring system

o Qualitative measurement with Process Monitoring & Thematic Studies

o Concurrent management review, learning system and impact evaluation

KM / Communication & Governance / Accountability

o Use of new mediums with traditional channels for both Internal and

External Communication

o Integration of IT with CBOs for transparency & credibility


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JEEViKA : Innovativeness & Replicability

Learnings of JEEViKA incorporated in National RuralLivelihoods Mission (NRLM) Framework and Guidelines.

BRLPS designated as SRLM for rolling out NRLM in Bihar.

The model of JEEViKA approved for scaling up in the whole

state under NRLM targeting 1.25 Crore poor HHs. State Perspective and Implementation Plan (SPIP) for NRLM

approved by the State Cabinet and MoRD, GoI.

System of book keeping for CBOs is being accepted by Banks &

CSOs. Results of SRI pilots instrumental in GoB launching SRI

Kranthi in 3.5 lakh ha across the state.

BRLPS providing resource support to similar projects.


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JEEViKA : Key Results by 2021-22

Social Inclusion and Institution Building

1.25 Crore women mobilised, 10 Lakh SHGs, 65 Thousand VOs, 1600 CLFs

3.75 Lakh of Community Para Professionals providing services to CBOs

Financial Inclusion

3100 Crore in Savings & Rs. 12,000 Crore Credit from Banks

Atleast 70% SC/ST/Vulnerable HHs access funds

Vulnerability Reduction

Atleast 80% HHs improved Food Security

Atleast 50% HHs covered under Health Safety Net & Social Security

Schemes

Livelihoods Enhancement

Atleast 70% HHs achieved 40% increase in Income

Atleast 15 lakh jobs created with placement in formal & informal sectors


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Chief Minister Shri Nitish Kumar interacting with SHG at Gangapur Village, Muzaffarpur


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President World Bank Shri R. B. Zolleick interacting with community at Patna


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Minister RD, GoI Shri Jayram Ramesh interacting with VO at Shekhwara Village, Gaya


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British Parliamentary Committee discussing with households at Bhusia Village, Gaya


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Shri Norman UpHoff from Cornell University, US with SRI farmers in Ghantadih Village, Gaya


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Country Director, WB, Shri R. Zagha interacting with VO at Bhusia Village, Gaya


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THANK YOU

A Presentation by

JEEViKA :Bihar Rural Livelihoods Promotion Society

State Rural Livelihoods Mission, Bihar

socio-economic empowerment of rural poor bihar

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