social psychology lecture 1
TRANSCRIPT
Introducing Social Psychology
Copyright © 2008 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
Assoc. Prof. Dr Mohd Dahlan A. Malek
Introducing Social Psychology
Introduction
• Syllabus• CV
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Introducing Social Psychology
Introduction
• Psychology• Social• Society
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Introducing Social Psychology
Introduction• APA• Division 8-Society for Personality and Social
Psychology• The Society for Personality and Social
Psychology (SPSP) was founded in 1974 when the leadership of Division 8 of the American Psychological Association decided to incorporate as an independent organization. Today, SPSP includes more than 7,000 members from around the world who study a wide array of subfields
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Introducing Social Psychology
• The Society for Personality and Social Psychology promotes scientific research that explores how people think, behave, feel, and interact.
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Introducing Social Psychology
Copyright © 2008 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
What is Social Psychology?
• What is the difference between Sociology and Social Psychology?
• How do our values enter into the study of Social Psychology?
• What are the main areas of research today?1. Social Thinking2. Social Influence3. Social Relations
Introducing Social Psychology
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What Are Social Psychology’s Big Lessons?• We construct our
social reality/react/think differently
• Our social intuitions are often powerful but sometimes perilous/unsafe (9/11)
• Social influences shape our behavior (spent talking)
• Personal attitudes and dispositions/character also shape behavior
• Social behavior is biologically rooted
• Social psychology’s principles are applicable to everyday life and other disciplines
Introducing Social Psychology
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Social Psychology and Human Values• Obvious ways in which values
enter-choose research topic• Not-so-obvious ways in which
values enter– The subjective aspects of science– Psychological concepts contain
hidden values (research based)• Systematic observation and
experimentation are needed to check our ideas against reality
Introducing Social Psychology
• Social psychology - uses scientific methods to understand and explain how feeling, behavior and thoughts of people are influenced by the actual, imagined or implied presence of other people.
• A social psychologist will look at group behavior, social perception, non-verbal behavior, conformity, aggression, prejudice, and leadership. Social perception and social interaction are seen as key to understanding social behavior.
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Introducing Social Psychology
• Put simply, social psychology studies the impact of social influences on human behavior.
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Introducing Social Psychology
• Society, or a human society, is a group of people related to each other through persistent relations, or a large social grouping sharing the same geographical or virtual territory, subject to the same political authority and dominant cultural expectations.
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Introducing Social Psychology
• Human societies are characterized by patterns of relationships (social relations) between individuals who share a distinctive culture and institutions; a given society may be described as the sum total of such relationships among its constituent members.
• In the social sciences, a larger society often evinces stratification and/or dominance patterns in subgroups.
Copyright © 2008 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
Introducing Social Psychology
Copyright © 2008 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
Is Social Psychology Simply “Common Sense”?
• Hindsight bias– The tendency to exaggerate, after learning an
outcome, one’s ability to have foreseen it– The I-knew-it-all-along phenomenon– Falling in Love
Introducing Social Psychology
Copyright © 2008 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
How Do We Do Social Psychology? Forming and Testing Hypotheses
• Theory: An integrated set of principles that explain and predict observed events
• Hypothesis: A testable proposition that describes the relationship that may exist between events
• Research may take place in the field or in a laboratory
• Two primary research methods are correlational and experimental
Introducing Social Psychology
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Correlational Research: Detecting Natural Associations
Correlational Research:• Study naturally occurring
relationships among variables
• Allow prediction; do NOT infer causation
Survey Research:• Random samples help
obtain a representative group
• Unrepresentative samples
Concerns:· Order of questions· Response options· Framing
Introducing Social Psychology
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Understanding Correlations
Introducing Social Psychology
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Experimental Research:Searching for Cause and Effect
Control: Manipulating Variables– Independent and Dependent Variables– Random Assignment– Ethical Concerns:
– Mundane/Experimental Realism– Deception– Demand Characteristics– Informed Consent– Potential Harm– Confidentiality– Debriefing
Introducing Social Psychology
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Understanding Experiments
Introducing Social Psychology
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Two Methods of Doing Research: Correlational and Experimental
Introducing Social Psychology
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Things to Consider in Social Psychological Research
• Theory• Hypothesis• Population• Sample• Representative sample• Random sample• Random assignment• Blind procedures
• Independent variable• Dependent variable• Survey• Placebo effects• Third variables• Causation• Reliability• Validity
Introducing Social Psychology
Discussion
• SMS video
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Introducing Social Psychology
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Supplemental Slides
Introducing Social Psychology
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Perspectives on Research in Social Psychology
Introducing Social Psychology
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The Research Process
Introducing Social Psychology
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The Research Process
Introducing Social Psychology
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Understanding Correlations
Introducing Social Psychology
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Understanding Correlations
Introducing Social Psychology
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Understanding Experiments
Introducing Social Psychology
Tugasan
• Tugasan Kumpulan 1-video ringkas minit• Tajuk Tugasan 2
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