Social influenceSpaced Learning

What is conformity?‘A change in behaviour or belief as a result of

real or imagined group pressure’

Definition for 2 AO1:

Mention whether private beliefs are changed or not and whether the change is long lasting.Give an example.

• Refers to instances where a person may agree in public with a group of people but the person actually privately disagrees with the group’s viewpoint or behaviour. This type of conformity therefore does not lead to a change in a person’s private beliefs and is temporary.

Compliance

• Refers to instances when the individual takes on the views of a group they join or they admire. It does not necessarily result in a change of a person’s private beliefs.

Identification

• refers to instances where a person behaves or agrees with a group of people because they have actually accepted the group’s point of view or beliefs. This type of conformity does result in a change in the persons’ private beliefs and attitudes as a result it may have longer lasting effects than public compliance (conversion).

Internalisation

Shallowest

Deepest

Types of conformity

Studies into complianceAsch (1951)Sherif (1935)

Asch’s Results

VariationsAt one point the experiment was modified to determine if the size of the group affected the participants’ reactions. (the confederate group varied in size from one to fifteen)

Studies into minority influenceInternalisation

Moscovici (1969) Clark (1998/1999)

Conditions for ConversionConsistency

The minority must be consistent in their opinion

FlexibilityThe minority must not appear to be rigid & dogmatic

RelevanceThe minority will be more successful if their views are

in line with social trends

CommitmentA committed minority will lead people to rethink their

position.

Study into identification

Zimbardo (1973)

Why do we conform?Normative influence This refers to instances where someone conforms in order to fit in and gain approval or avoid disapproval from other group members. Leads to conformity.

Informational social influence This refers to instances where people conform because they are uncertain about what to do in a particular situation, so they look to others for guidance. This explanation tends to lead to internalisation.

Factors influencing conformity

Size of the majorityHow did the results change when Asch

changed the number of confederates?

The importance of timeWhen Asch carried out his

research, the USA was very conservative, schools

were more hierarchical than they are now

Gender: Larsen et al. (1979)Males conform more in higher status groups, Women conform more in peer groups

Individual characteristics: confidencePerrin & Spencer (1981)

Culture: Smith and Bond (1996)

Brain Break

Social influenceSpaced Learning

What is …………………?‘A change in ………………… or …………………. as a

result of real or imagined group pressure’

Definition for 2 AO1:

Mention whether …………………. beliefs are changed or not and whether the change is ………………….Give an ………………………...

• Refers to instances where a person may ………….. in public with a group of people but the person actually ………… ………………………..with the group’s viewpoint or behaviour. This type of conformity therefore ……………….lead to a change in a person’s private beliefs and is ……………..

……………….

• Refers to instances when the individual …………………the views of a group they join or they …….. It ………. …….. necessarily result in a change of a person’s ……… beliefs.

Identification

• refers to instances where a person behaves or agrees with a group of people because they have actually accepted the group’s point of view or beliefs. This type of conformity does result in a change in the persons’ private beliefs and attitudes as a result it may have longer lasting effects than public compliance (conversion).

……………………

Shallowest

Deepest

Types of conformity

Studies into compliance……… (1951)……… (1935)

Asch’s Results

VariationsAt one point the experiment was modified to determine if the …….. of the group affected the participants’ reactions. (the confederate group varied in …… from ………. to ……………)

Studies into …………… influence…………………….

…………..i (1969) …… (1998/1999)

Conditions for Conversion……………….

The minority must be consistent in their opinion

FlexibilityThe minority must not appear to be ………… & ……………

………………….The minority will be more successful if their views are

in line with ………………

…………………..A …………… minority will lead people to rethink their

position.

Study into i……………..

Z……... (1973)

Why do we conform?……………………. influence This refers to instances where someone conforms in order to ……………………………………… or avoid disapproval from other group members. Leads to conformity.

……………………..influence This refers to instances where people conform because they are …………. about what to do in a particular situation, so they look to others for …………..... This explanation tends to lead to ……………….

…………………………..conformity

……….. of the majority

How did the results change when Asch

changed the …………… of …………?

The importance of …….When Asch carried out his research, the USA was very

……………., schools were more hierarchical than they are

now

G…………..: Larsen et al. (1979)………. conform more in higher status groups, …………….. conform more in peer groups

Individual characteristics: ………………….Perrin & Spencer (1981)

…………….: Smith and Bond (1996)

Brain break

Social influenceSpaced Learning

What is conformity?‘A

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………’

Definition for 2 AO1:

Mention whether private beliefs are changed or not and whether the change is long lasting.Give an example.

Types of conformity

Studies into compliance

Asch’s Results

Variations

Studies into minority influenceInternalisation

Conditions for Conversion

Study into identification

Why do we conform?

.