social impact of world war ii minorities in the united states: 1939-1945
TRANSCRIPT
Social Impact of World War II
Minorities in the United States: 1939-1945
Daily Life in the United States during World War II
Pre-World War II Idealism
World War II changed American society dramatically
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African-American Experience in World War II
Blacks on the Homefront Patriotic, Supportive of War
Effort Economic Discrimination
Last Hired - First Fired during Depression Years
FDR signed Executive Order 8802 - no discrimination based on race in hiring (applied to Defense jobs)
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African-Americans in the War
Black Military Participation
Segregated Armed Forces Separate Units and
limited opportunities Most famous African-
American military group of WW 11 = The Tuskegee Airmen
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The Tuskegee Airmen
Group of Black Pilots - 99th Pursuit “Fighter” Squadron
Trained in Tuskegee, Alabama Decorated as an escort squadron -
fought over Italy. Col. Paul Adams from Lincoln served
as a Tuskegee Airman
Segregation in the Military
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Native American Contributions during World War II
25,000 Native American joined armed forces
23,000 worked at Wartime plants and factories
Notable were the Navajo codetalkers (Communicated in the Navajo language)
Japanese military never broke the code Movie recently:
Windtalkers
Mexican-American contributions during World War II
Bracero Program - Mexican farm laborers came to the U.S.
1942-1947 - 200,000 braceros worked
Most lived in barrios Zoot-Suit Riots (Los
Angeles) - Off duty Gis targeted Mexican American youth for styles of clothing (zoot-suits) - 1943
Native and Mexican-Americans in WWII
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Japanese-American Experience during World War II
110,000 Americans of Japanese descent “interned” at camps in Western United States
Executive Order 9066 by FDR made it official
Japanese legal challenges = Korematsu v. United States (1944) Ruled in favor of US policy
1988 - Congress awarded each surviving internee $20,000
Official U.S. apology
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An Internment Camp - Manzanar
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Japanese 442nd Infantry Regiment
Japanese-American combat unit
Stationed in Italy Most highly decorated
unit in US military history 21 medal of honor
recipients Most of their families
were “interned” in the US
Japanese-Americans
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Women in World War II America
At Home… Many jobs taken
in absence of men “Rosie the
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Women in World War II America
Women in the Armed Services
WACs, WAVEs, SPARs Served in different non-
combat capacities Mostly nurses, or support
staff positions
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Women and the War Effort
World War II Culture Shift
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