Social 30-1

Mr. Tulk

Housekeeping

• Sorry I’ve was away yesterday. • What did you think about Modern Times?• Essays and Tests are being corrected still. I will

have them back soon. • Sorry it’s taking so long

Words

• Totalitarianism• Radical

Quick Review

• We’ve talked about the development of Classic Liberalism and Laissez-Faire Capitalism.

• People rejected it with Socialism and Classical Conservatism, the rise of unions, luddites, chartist, etc…

• It responded with welfare capitalism, among other things.

• From that we see the development of Modern Liberalism.

Chapter 520th Century Rejections of Liberalism

Quick review

• Under Communism, who overthrows who?• What did Owen do?• Why was Marx so important?• What is Democratic Socialism? Why is this

what we call Canada?

Communism as a rebellion for Liberalism• We’ve seen how liberalism (Specifically

Classical Liberalism) effected the workers (Proletariat).

• Why would some people hang on to the ideas of Marx and want a move to communism?

Russian Revolution

• By the 1800’s Russia was far less industrialized then the rest of Europe.

• People farmed only what was needed to survive (Subsistence Farming).

• Presents were poor and worked for rich landowners.

• The Russian Czar had complete control over all aspects of Russian Life.

Nature of Totalitarian Regimes

• Radical: such as the Soviet Union, a move towards the left of the economic spectrum.

• Classless society with state control of the economy.

• Complete Rejection of economic traditions.

Russia

• The workers suffered under classic liberalism.• In January 1905 the workers went to the

palace of the czar to demand better working conditions.

• In a typical power fashion, the government gunned downed the peaceful protesters in what would become bloody Sunday.

Russian Revolution

• The dissatisfaction with the government and unrest grew until the 1917 Russian Revolution.

• The revolution was a reaction to the Czar controlled free-market system.

• The Boshelviks (Lenin’s party) soon began the movement to take over the country.

Communism

• An Ideology in which the oppressed workers must overthrow the oppressors.

• Develop a classless society.• Work for the common good. • Collectivist. • Public Property. • Once people have control, government is no

longer needed.

Communism

• The difference between Communism and Socialism is the idea of radical change as opposed to democratic change.

• Different forms of communism have formed. • Marxism, Leninism, Stalinism, etc…

Marx Vs. Communism

• Marx felt the idea of socialist utopia was best.• However, the communism we know in the 20th

century got control with a strong government.

The most famous communist state

• In the 1900’s and lasted until the 90’s.• Russia’s movement led to the formation of the

Soviet Union. • A Socialist State with different republics under

a common communist government.

Rise of Socialism

• Russia was late to join the IR.• Because of this is experienced a rush of

development. • This led to incredibly wealthy upper class and

a massive income gap.

The Iskra (Spark)

• The Russian people formed the SDLP.• Socialist Democratic Liberal Party.• This included Lenin and Stalin. • The czar banned this party and exiled its

members.

Bloody Sunday

• In 1905 people stormed the palace for bread and better working conditions.

• They were met with czar guards and gun fire.• This led to massive strikes and eventually to

the 1917 revolution.

Rise of Leninism

• After the revolution Czar Nicholas II abdicated. • The new interim government soon had

conflict due to continued effort in WW1 and lack of rights for peasants.

• Lenin’s party, the Bolsheviks, soon had enough support to take power.

Lenin

• Lenin and the party soon established a new government.

• Based on Lenin’s understanding of Marxism. • Called Leninism.

Leninsim

• the theory and practice of the dictatorship of the proletariat, led by a revolutionary vanguard party.

• Theoretically, Leninism comprises the political and socialist economic theories of Vladimir Lenin.

Lenin

• Imposed government condole of business, politics, and society.

• Felt that revolution, even violence, was necessary in order to secure peace.

• Many fought against Lenin so Lenin began the “Red Terror”.

Red Terror

• the campaign of mass arrests and executions conducted by the Bolshevik government.

• 800 alleged enemies had been shot and another 6,229 imprisoned.

• Casualties in the first two months were between 10,000 and 15,000

Civil War

• Russia soon broke into a civil war between the Red Army and the White Army (supported by anti-communist countries).

• Such as Canada and USA.• By 1922, other countries joined Russia and

formed the USSR.

Effect on people

• Land was given to people.• Factories were given to workers.• Equality.

Unless, he didn’t like you!

Famine

• Lenin would use starvation, Poverty, and force to ensure that people followed him.

• Most notable the Ukrainian Famine..

• This came to an abrupt end with Stalin’s death in 1924 from a stroke.

Tomorrow

• Now that we have the basic elements of Communism, we will address some more specific ideas of Lenin.