singapore energy mapping

ENERGY

Wind Geothermal Hydroelectric Biomass SolarInsufficient mean wind speed of 2m/s or 7.2km/hrNeed an average of 6m/s or 21.6km/hr wind speed to harness wind power

Only possible in Tekong and Sembawang hot springs at 70C

Fairly flat. Need a large amount of water and height difference between stored water and turbine plantDisplacement of wildlife and population

Mostly for industrial uses like the incineration Plants.Mainly Wood, horticultural, food waste and waste paper

Abundant tropical solar energyFurther improvement in efficiency

Efficiency of renewable energy in Singapore

Limit of 21.6

16MW46MW

80MW

56MW

ENERGY

Pacific Ocean, Australia and the Sahara Desert in Nigeria receive the most sun.

NASA map based upon data collected by US and European satellites.

After growing 19% in 2006 and 62% in 2007, world solar photovoltaic (PV) market installations exploded by 110% to a staggering 5.95 GW.Europe accounted for 82% of world demand in 2008. Spain’s 285% growth pushed Germany into second place in the market ranking, while the US advanced to [a very distant] number three. Rapid growth in Korea allowed it to become the fourth largest market, closely followed by Italy and Japan.China and Taiwan continued to increase their share of global solar cell production, rising to 44% in 2008 from 35% in 2007.

Lowest sun intensity High sun intensity

Average Solar Radiation Across the World

ENERGYTrends of Energy Consumption

ENERGY

ENERGYSingapore Energy Flow

ENERGYEnergy Grid Sources in Singapore

Sembcorp Cogen

• Senoko Power Ltd (3300 MW) • PowerSeraya Ltd (3100 MW) • Tuas Power Ltd (2670 MW) • Keppel Merlimau Cogen Pte Ltd (1400 MW) • Sembcorp Cogen Pte Ltd (785 MW) • National Environment Agency (251 MW; electricity from incineration plants) • Island Power Company Pte Ltd (not in operation yet) • Keppel Seghers Tuas Waste-to-Energy Plant Pte Ltd (not in operation yet)

Keppel Merlimau Cogen

http://www.geni.org

ENERGY

Senoko11,200GW

Tuas8,867

P.Seraya8,297

P.Sakra2,177

Changi WWTP257 Kim Chuan

16

GESS SOLAR(German Sch)0.025

Benoi Rd(recycling)6

Singapore Chemical684

Bee Joo Biomass8

Jurong325

SG OLEFINS(Exxon Mobil) 318

SMPO173

P.Ayer Merbau111

P.Bukum Refinery108

SYNGAS81

Senoko WTE268

Tuas WTE226

Ulu Pandan102

Kranji WWTP23

Robin Shipyard3

Tuas NOVARTIS2

ECO SWM4

http://carma.org

Issue of Energy Consumption in Singapore

ENERGY

Senoko11,200GW

Tuas8,867

P.Seraya8,297

P.Sakra2,177

Changi WWTP257 Kim Chuan

16

GESS SOLAR(German Sch)0.025

Benoi Rd(recycling)6

Singapore Chemical684

Bee Joo Biomass8

Jurong325

SG OLEFINS(Exxon Mobil) 318

SMPO173

P.Ayer Merbau111

P.Bukum Refinery108

SYNGAS81

Senoko WTE268

Tuas WTE226

Ulu Pandan102

Kranji WWTP23

Robin Shipyard3

Tuas NOVARTIS2

ECO SWM4

Issue of Energy Consumption in Singapore(relative to land usage)

http://carma.org

ENERGY

6knots

3.5knots

4.5knots5knots

1950kwh/m2a 1650kwh/m2a

1000kwh/m2a

1000kwh/m2a

1650kwh/m2a

70C

64C

Energy Consumption in Singapore (future)(predicted)

ENERGY

(Land Art Generator Initiative)

www.landartgenerator.org

superTEXValentine Troi, Georg Wieser, Stefan Strappler, Martin Jehart, Thoralf Krause

ENERGY

(Land Art Generator Initiative)

ENERGY

Harness potential of renewable energy

Zero Energy Sculptural landscape

Educate and raise awareness of alternative resource

Adopt lifestyle changes to differing energy landscapes

Foreseeing architecture as an intelligent energy farm

Design Possibilities…

ENERGY

ENERGYSolar Project in Saharan DesertIf just 0.3% of the Saharan Desert was used for a concentrating solar plant, it would produce enough power to provide all of Europe with clean renewable energy.20 blue chip German companies are gathering together next month to discuss plans and investments to create such a massive project, which are being promoted by the Desertec Foundation.

“to erect 100 GW of concentrating solar power plants throughout Northern Africa.”

ENERGYSolar Project in Saharan Desert

The red squares in the above map represent the land area necessary to meet the energy demand of the world, the EU and MENA in 2005.

The project being proposed by Desertec would not all be situated in one location, but scattered throughout politically stable countries. Taken as a whole, the project qualifies as the world’s largest solar installation – 80 times larger than the PG&E and BrightSource project planned for the Mojave Desert.

The power generated would be transported over high-voltage DC lines across the Mediterranean Sea to Europe, where it would supply 15% of the energy demand. The project is still 10-15 years from going online

ENERGY

The Desert Knowledge Precinct, in Central Australia, is home to the $3 million Desert Knowledge Australia Solar Centre; the first site in Australia to publicly showcase such a broad range of large scale solar installations.

The Desert Knowledge Australia Solar Centre is a technical, training and public facility focussed on demonstrating solar power generation/

Desert Knowledge Australia has:Over 15 large-scale solar installationsAn interpretive visitor centreAn interpretive walkA world-first interactive website providing live data feeds from the Solar Centre and information on the operational performance of the different solar technologies.

ENERGYSolar Centre

ENERGY

Zero Energy Developments

BedZED ZED (Singapore)

Thesis Possibilities

The US Department of Energy's National Renewable Energy Lab and Research Support Facilities

Vertical ZEB

ENERGY

On-Site Energy (Power Generation)

Thesis PossibilitiesSolar Plant Park

Solar Centre in Australia

Gardens by the Bay

one of the easiest supply-side technologies to implement are Photovoltaic (PV) Systems

While the cost of PVs is still relatively high, available tax credits, financial incentives, and attractive loan terms can help with the initial

expense

The need for building to reduce energy consumption and

produce its own energy demands

Issues:

To develop Regional Solar Power Plant Office-Provide energy for surrounding developments

-Recreational Park-Educational Centre