PowerPoint Presentation

Biorefineries: Current Status, Challenges, and Future Direction.Seminar by:Meet Shah U12ME194, MED, SVNIT.1IntroductionEnergy Crisis Energy portfolio diversification towards renewables Biomass The Biorefinery Concept Fuel, power, and chemicalsHigh-Value Low-Volume and Low-Value High-VolumeIncreasing interest in a biobased economyFood vs. Fuel

2BiomassClassificationEnergy cropsHerbaeceousWoodyAgriculturalAquaticAgricultural residues and wasteForestry waste and residuesIndustrial and Municipal wastesChemistry of biomassTriglyceride feedstockSugar and starchy feedstockLignocellulosic feedstock75% carbohydrates, 20% lignin, and 5% natural compounds3BiorefineryAnalogy with petroleum refineryOrigin, definition, and typesDefinitionsPhase I , IIPhase IIIWhole-crop biorefineryGreen biorefineryLignocellulose feedstock biorefineryConversion technologies based on five platformsSugar platform biorefineryThermochemical or Syngas platformBiogas platformCarbon rich chains platformPlant products platform Broad classification based on chemical nature of biomassTriglyceride biorefinerySugar and starchy biorefineryLignocellulosic biorefineryNaptha, natural gasbuilding block chemicals : synthesis gas, olefins, aromatics,4Triglyceride biorefinery

5Sugar and Starch biorefinery

6Lignocellulosic biorefinery

7Comparisons of biorefineryAvailability and cost of feedstockFeedstock diversityEdible vs non-edible feedstock

8ChallengesFeedstock diversityBiomass collection and transportation logisticsSeasonal variationLand usageCompatibility with refinery infrastructureMarket and economic viabilitySustainabilityConsistent R&D investment9Hydrocarbon biorefinery

10ConclusionsThe biorefinery provides potential pathways for production of various energy sources and other materials.Extensive use of expensive edible-biomass poses serious threats of food crisis.LCB is most promising as it uses abundant and inexpensive non-edible biomass. Availability of quality biomass and cost effective processing technologies are key challenges for its large scale implementation.Decentralization to avoid transportation costs.Oxygen-functionalized chemicals are unsuitable with existing petrochemical industry infrastructure hence hydrocarbon biorefinery has an advantage over the oxygenated bio-fuel refineries.11