What Transport for Cambridge? 2Seminar 23rd November 2001

Other Policies:Demand Management & Highway Investment

Professor Marcial Echenique

Other Policies: Demand Management & Highway Investment

1. Background: Cambridge Sub-Region

2. Demand Management• Principles• Practice• Proposed Tests

3. Highway Investment• Need for Extra Roads• Proposed Strategy

4. Conclusions

What Transport for Cambridge? 2

1. Cambridge Sub-Region - Background• 21% increase in households between 2001-2016 = 42,000 • Allocation of dwellings

- Allocated ~ 20,000In City ~ 2,000Outside ~ 18,000

- To be allocated (Structure Plan) ~ 22,000In and around the City ? 10,000Outside the City ? 12,000

• Extra daily trips (8 per household) ~ 336,000In and around the City ~ 120,000Outside the City ~ 216,000

• Potential Car Trips ~ 240,000In and around the City (50% of trips) ~ 60,000Outside the City (83% of trips) ~ 180,000

• Potential peak hour car trips ~ 40,000In and around the City ~ 10,000Outside the City ~ 30,000

What Transport for Cambridge? 2

Congestion in the Sub-Region 2010Source: East of England Regional Transport Strategy

▬▬ Heavy Congestion

▬▬Peak Congestion

▬▬ Operating Satisfactorily

What Transport for Cambridge? 2

2. Demand Management• Principles

- Adjust demand (by pricing) to available supply

- Efficiency:Allocation of scarce resource

Increases speed

Increases effective capacity

Reduces waste of resources (fuel & time)

- EnvironmentLess emissions

Less noise

- Social equity

Improves bus performance

Political difficulties

What Transport for Cambridge? 2

What Transport for Cambridge? 2

• Practice- Singapore since 1975

Reduced trafficIncreased speeds by 20% - average 37.5 miles per hour

Increased revenues

- Norway since 1990Oslo, Bergen & TrondheimMoney used for infrastructure improvement

- London is implementing a £5 vehicle charge in Central London

What Transport for Cambridge? 2

Cordon Charging

What Transport for Cambridge? 2

• Proposed Tests- Cordon Charging

Peak Hour (7-10; 15-18) £5.00 ?

Off Peak (rest of day) £2.50 ?

Residents within cordon £0.50 ?

- Second Best: Workplace Parking ChargesDaily £2.50 ?

- Third Best: Increase in parking charges10-100% for on-street parking

Probable annual revenues up to 50 million to be used for investment in infrastructure(Public Transport, Highways, Cycleways, etc.)

Measure social impacts

Measure environmental impacts

What Transport for Cambridge? 2

3. Highway Investment• Need for extra roads- Demand increase to dispersed destinations

- Access to important employment centresAddenbrookes

University West Site

Northern Fringe

Eastern Area

- Linking of Park & Ride Sites and Edge Locations- Recognition of extra capacity needed: CHUMMS- Political difficulties

What Transport for Cambridge? 2

Possible Cambridge Orbital

What Transport for Cambridge? 2

Link Roads on Trunk Roads

What Transport for Cambridge? 2

4. Conclusions

• Needs to introduce both:

- Demand restrictions (Pricing)

- Supply increases in Public Transport, Cycling & Pedestrian Routes, Highways

• Measure Impacts

- Efficiency (cost-benefit)

- Social (impacts by S.E.G. and areas)

- Environmental (emissions, energy, accidents, etc.)

What Transport for Cambridge? 2