seeing what they see @ pamelaseeing what they see project •design a number of domestic spaces for...
TRANSCRIPT
Seeing What They See @ PAMELA
PAMELA Platform Examples
Cross
slope
Longitudinal
slope Step
Flat
Seeing What They See Project
• Design a number of domestic spaces for people to
walk through
• Ask people with posterior cortical atrophy,
memory-led Alzheimer’s disease, and age-
matched controls to navigate through these
spaces
• Assess efficiency by measuring time taken to walk
from A to B
• Plot walking paths and identify any hesitation
during walking
Seeing What They See – Example Set-ups
Tracking Position and Assessing Hesitation
Example: U-Shaped Corridor
Control PCA
Example: Shadow Experiment
Control PCA
General Observations
• In general, people with PCA take longer to
perform tasks
• They display, to a greater or lesser extent, one or
more of the following traits:
– Delay in starting to walk while scanning the space
– Walking slower
– Impaired adaptation when a change in direction is
required
– Hesitation at specific locations
Navigation• Visual Cues
• Lighting variability
Object localisation• Visual clutter
Example PAMELA tasks
Visual Cues
Visual Cues
Contrast Cue
Contrast Cue + Motion
Contrast Cue + Motion
Reduction in time taken to reach destinations
[95% CI]:
• Contrast Cue: 12% [3, 20]
• Contrast Cue + Motion: 7% [-3, 15]
Visual Cues: effects on navigation
Results
AM Bright lights are not very good at
all.
Interviewer Are not good?
AM Yes. Strip lights in particular.
They are very difficult. It's almost as if…
it's like, if you can imagine a very small
space with lots of light coming from all
different directions, that's what it feels…
that's what it's like.
Lighting variability
Results
Reduction in time taken to reach destinations [95% CI]
• Medium v High Shadow: 5% [-1, 10]
• Low v High Shadow: 7% [2, 11]
Lighting variability: effects on navigation
Lighting variability: effects on navigation
Lighting variability: detecting hesitant steps
Object localisation
Effects of clutter
Clutter (N distractors: 0, 2, 5)
Effects of clutter
on time to pick
up object
Clutter (N distractor objects)
Tria
l tim
e (
s)
Object localisation
Effects of clutter
Effects of clutter
on time to pick
up object
Clutter (N distractor objects)
Tria
l tim
e (
s)
Object localisation
Effects of clutter
Effects of clutter
on time to pick
up object
Clutter (N distractor objects)
Tria
l tim
e (
s)
Object localisation
Effects of clutter
• Limited evidence of overall benefit on navigation or stair
climbing for the following:
– Increase in overall lighting levels
– Hazard tape emphasising step edges
– Moving LED effects
• Tasks carried out in an unfamiliar, controlled setting
PAMELA caveats
Dementia Research Centre
Sebastian Crutch
Amelia Carton
Emma Harding
Dilek Ocal
Ivanna Pavisic
UCL Engineering
Nick Tyler
Catherine Holloway
Tatsuto Suzuki
Ayako Suzuki
Biao Yang
Derrick Boampong
Nikolaos Papadosifos
Karen Hayrapetyan
Nicholas Firth
Kyriaki Mengoudi
Brunel University
Mary Gilhooly
Ken Gilhooly
Mary Pat Sullivan
Anne McIntyre
Rachel Woodbridge
University of Toronto
David Tang-Wai
Alison Lake
Hebrew University of
Jerusalem
Yoni Pertzov
UCL Institute of
Ophthalmology
Imre Lengyel
Moorfields Eye Hospital
Tunde Peto
London School of Hygiene
and Tropical Medicine
Chris Frost
Teresa Poole
Julia Langham
Institute of Neurology
Brian Day
Daniel Voyce
Amy Peters