SECTION 2: MONGOL & MING EMPIRES

Chapter 13: Asian Empires

CH. 13.2 MONGOL & MING EMPIRES

Do Now Take out HomeworkCopy Objectives:

SWBAT compare and contrast East Asian societies, politics and economies, under the rule of various Mongolian and Ming emperors.

MONGOL EMPIRE (12OOS )

Who were the Mongolians? Warriors, horsemen, nomads Tribes fight each other Tribes united by Genghis Khan Mongol Empire included China, Central

Asia, and extended into Eastern Europe

1. GENGHIS KHAN: MONGOL CONQUEROR

United warring Mongol tribes

Conquered China, Central Asia

Military discipline Used cannon

warfare to conquer walled cities of China

GENGHIS KHAN’S MONGOL EMPIRE (1206-1227)

GENGHIS KHAN

NOT oppressive to conquered people Ended the civil servant system Made states pay a tribute. DQ: What do we call such states? Think of

the Tang dynasty. Rules with toleration, justice DQ: Why? Answer: Pax Mongolica (peace) Political peace = Economic growth DQ: How could war destabilize the empire’s

economy? Do wars today destabilize economies?

GENGHI KHAN’S POLITICS: HOW DOES HE RULE?

Trade: Silk Road Trade route joining Europe, Middle East and

Asia Movement of tools, food, ideas Cultural Exchanges (cultural diffusion) China

windmills, gunpowder, porcelain, playing cards to Europe

Papermaking technology to the Middle East in return for crops and trees

GENGHIS KHAN: ECONOMY

Conquests south China (1279) – Vietnam

Yuan Dynasty Rules from Cambulac (Beijing) Military and high government

jobs reserved for Mongolians DQ: Why? Tolerant toward other

religions & visitors Welcomes visitors Marco Polo

Italian merchant, lives there 17 years

Writes a book about Asia’s wealth

Europeans become interested in China WHY?

2. KUBLAI KHAN POLITICS: HOW DOES HE RULE?

KUBLAI KHAN’S MONGOL EMPIRE YUAN DYNASTY

KUBLAI KHAN: ECONOMY

Extended the Grand Canal to Beijing

Trade with Europe, Middle East Economy is thriving Problems: large empire = large

costs

Chinese peasant leader who organized an army

Takes China back from Mongols

Ming Dynasty Pushes Mongols past the

Great Wall Restored the civil service

system Restored Confucianism –

emphasis on duty, honesty, loyalty

3. ZHU YUANZHANG: POLITICS

MING EMPIRE

Economy thrives Improved farming: surplus

of rice Farm crops from Europe and

America (corn, sweet potatoes)

Cities: artisans make porcelain, tools, paper

Technology: print books Art: blue-white porcelain

vases, literature, world’s 1st detective stories, poetry, opera

3. ZHU YUANZHANG: ECONOMY

Promoted China’s power overseas (Middle East, Africa)

Sailed with 162 ships Collected tributes from other states Confucian scholars criticize Zheng He

See no reason for exploration Say it is too costly Want to preserve ancient traditions and do

not want foreign influences in China.

4. ZHENG HE (1405)

CLOSING : REVIEW Who were the four emperors we learned about? Which ones were Mongolians? Describe the empire under their rule. Which ones were Chinese? Who established the Ming dynasty? Describe China during the Ming dynasty.

JOURNAL:Which of these 4 emperors do you

think was the most successful? Use examples to support your

answer.