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ED 400 207
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INSTITUTIONSPONS AGENCY
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SE 059 147
Hren, Benedict J.; Hren, Diane M.Community Sustainability. A Mini-Curriculum forGrades 9-12.Izaak Walton League of America, Gaithersburg, MD.Pew Charitable Trusts, Philadelphia, PA.; S. H.Cowell Foundation, San Francisco, CA.96
121p.
Izaak Walton League of America, 707 ConservationLane, Gaithersburg, MD 20878.Guides Classroom Use Teaching Guides (ForTeacher) (052)
MF01/PC05 Plus Postage.*Community Involvement; *Conservation (Environment);Environmental Education; Interdisciplinary Approach;Science Activities; Secondary Education; *SustainableDevelopment
IDENTIFIERS *Environmental Action; *Environmental Concepts
ABSTRACTCommunity Sustainability is a supplementary
environmental education mini-curriculum for grades 9-12 designed toprovide students with information about the emerging communitysustainability moVemenI as well as environmental action skills thatwill facilitate their participation. It contains interdisciplinarylessons that provide students with skills in math, science, languagearts, social studies, history, visual arts, family studies,technology education, business education, and vocational education.Each section contains an introduction that gives basic backgroundinformation and is followed by activities designed to illustrate arange of community sustainability concepts. "Sustainability StartingPoint" provides an introduction to sustainability while"Sustainability Snapshot" gives students an opportunity to apply theconcept of sustainability to their own communities. "A Peek at thePast" allows students to better understand the changes that havetaken place within their community in recent years. "Looking Ahead"asks students to define the qualities they would like to characterizetheir community while the section "Monitoring Sustainability"provides a means for gauging the current status of the community. Thefinal section, "Sustainability Service Projects", helps guidestudents' efforts to steer their community from its present state toits desired state. Appendixes contain a glossary and a communitysustainability directory. (JRH)
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CE
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FO
RM
AT
ION
CE
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ER
(E
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)
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s do
cum
ent h
as b
een
repr
oduc
ed a
siv
ed fr
om th
e pe
rson
or
orga
niza
tion
orig
inat
ing
it0
Min
or c
hang
es h
ave
been
mad
e to
impr
ove
repr
oduc
tion
qual
ity
Poi
nts
of v
$e*
or o
pini
ons
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ed e
n th
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ccu-
mer
it do
not
nec
essa
rily
repr
esen
t offi
cial
OE
RI p
ositi
on o
r po
licy.
BE
ST
CO
PY
AV
AIL
AB
LE
Cov
er a
rt a
dapt
ed f
rom
a H
opi p
etro
glyp
h re
pres
entin
g M
othe
r E
arth
Prin
ted
on r
ecyc
led
pape
r
5
"Sus
tain
abili
ty is
the
goal
of
a sy
stem
of
deve
lopm
ent t
hat m
eets
the
basi
c ne
eds
of a
ll pe
ople
with
out c
ompr
omis
ing
the
abili
ty o
f fu
ture
gen
erat
ions
to m
eet
thei
r ow
n lif
e su
stai
ning
nee
ds.
Sust
aina
bilit
y pr
omot
es th
e pr
oduc
tive
equi
libri
um b
etw
een
peop
le a
nd th
eir
envi
ronm
ent
by b
ring
ing
both
pop
ulat
ion
and
natu
ral r
esou
rce
cons
umpt
ion
into
bal
ance
with
the
reso
urce
bas
e."
Izaa
k W
alto
n L
eagu
e of
Am
eric
a, 1
994
Com
mun
ity S
usta
inab
ility
A m
ini-
curr
icul
umfo
r 14
rade
s 9
12
by B
ened
ict J
. 1-I
ren
and
Dia
ne M
. Fir
en
The
mat
eria
ls in
this
pub
licat
ion
may
be
repr
oduc
ed f
or e
duca
tiona
l pur
pose
s by
teac
hers
, sch
ools
, sch
ool
syst
ems
and
educ
atio
nal i
nstit
utio
ns,
if th
e au
thor
s an
d su
ppor
ters
of
the
proj
ect a
re g
iven
cre
dit.
The
se m
ater
ials
may
not
be
repr
oduc
ed f
or p
rofi
t.
CR
ED
ITS
Edi
ted
by N
ick
Bar
tolo
meo
and
Lau
ry M
arsh
all
Sust
aina
bilit
y St
artin
g Po
int s
tude
nt p
ages
wri
tten
by D
iann
e Sh
erm
an
Mon
itori
ng S
usta
inab
ility
ada
pted
fro
m "
Mon
itori
ng S
usta
inab
ility
in Y
our
Com
mun
ity,"
by
Ben
edic
t J. H
ren,
Nic
k B
arto
lom
eo,
and
Mic
hael
Sign
er, 1
995,
pub
lishe
d by
the
Izaa
k W
alto
n L
eagu
e of
Am
eric
a
Sust
aina
bilit
y Se
rvic
e Pr
ojec
ts a
dapt
ed f
rom
"T
he Q
uart
er P
roje
ct"
by L
inda
D'A
polit
o, 1
994
Illu
stra
tion
and
desi
gn b
y B
ened
ict J
. Hre
n
Spec
ial t
hank
s to
Jul
ie A
llen,
Tom
And
erso
n, S
usan
Cai
rn, W
ayne
Goe
ken,
Jea
nine
Goe
mer
, Em
ily G
reen
, Gen
ny F
annu
cchi
,Pe
nny
Han
na,
Dea
n H
anse
n, P
hilip
Hun
sick
er, K
athy
Kin
zig,
Sus
an M
ilnor
, Kev
in R
yan,
Mic
hael
Sch
neid
er, D
arri
n Si
efka
, Kar
en S
tettl
er, M
arta
Swai
n an
dD
avid
Tho
mas
.
Supp
ort f
or th
is p
roje
ct is
pro
vide
d by
the
Pew
Cha
rita
ble
Tru
sts
and
the
S.H
. Cow
ell F
ound
atio
n.T
he o
pini
ons
expr
esse
d ar
e th
ose
of th
e au
thor
s.
The
Iza
ak W
alto
n L
eagu
e of
Am
eric
a70
7 C
onse
rvat
ion
Lan
eG
aith
ersb
urg,
Md.
208
78(3
01)
548-
0150
© c
opyr
ight
199
6, I
zaak
Wal
ton
Lea
gue
of A
mer
ica
Inc.
9
10
CO
NT
EN
TS
FOR
EW
OR
D ..
.4
PRE
FAC
E ..
.4
SUST
AIN
AB
ILIT
Y S
TA
RT
ING
PO
INT
...
7
Stu
dent
Pag
esA
Def
inin
g T
ime
Exp
ert G
roup
1 ..
. 9T
omor
row
's T
echn
olog
ies
Tod
ayE
xper
t Gro
up 2
... 1
0S
usta
inab
ility
Beg
ins
at H
ome
Exp
ert G
roup
3 ..
.11
Brin
ging
Sus
tain
abili
ty H
ome
Exp
ert G
roup
4 ..
.12
A S
usta
inab
ility
Rep
ort C
ard
Exp
ert G
roup
5 ..
.13
Sum
mar
y Q
uest
ions
Bas
e G
roup
... 1
4
SUST
AIN
AB
ILIT
Y S
NA
PSH
OT
...
17
Stu
dent
Pag
eS
usta
inab
ility
Sna
psho
t ...
19
A P
EE
K A
T T
HE
PA
ST ..
.23
LO
OK
ING
AH
EA
D ..
.27
MO
NIT
OR
ING
SU
STA
INA
BIL
ITY
...3
1
Stu
dent
Pag
esC
omm
unity
Sus
tain
abili
ty In
dica
tors
. ..
34 -
45
SUST
AIN
AB
ILIT
Y S
ER
VIC
E P
RO
JEC
TS
... 4
9
Stu
dent
Pag
esC
omm
unity
Sus
tain
abili
ty S
ervi
ce P
roje
ct...
51
Sel
f-E
valu
atio
n ...
52
INFO
RM
AT
ION
TE
CH
NO
LO
GY
CO
NN
EC
TIO
NS
...55
APP
EN
DIX
ES
GLO
SS
AR
Y .
. .61
CO
MM
UN
ITY
SU
ST
AIN
AB
ILIT
Y D
IRE
CT
OR
Y ..
. 62
TE
AC
HE
R E
VA
LUA
TIO
N ..
. 67
11
FO
RE
WO
RD
The
lzaa
k W
alto
n L
eagu
e of
Am
eric
a is
a n
atio
nal,
nonp
rofi
t con
serv
atio
n or
gani
zatio
nw
ith m
ore
than
50,
000
mem
bers
in n
earl
y 40
0 ch
apte
rs n
atio
nwid
e. T
he C
arry
ing
Cap
acity
Proj
ect w
as e
stab
lishe
d in
199
3. I
t is
an e
duca
tiona
l pro
ject
wor
king
to b
ring
the
impa
cts
ofhu
man
pop
ulat
ion
grow
th a
nd n
atur
al r
esou
rce
cons
umpt
ion
into
bal
ance
with
the
limits
of
natu
re. T
he p
roje
ct h
as d
evel
oped
mat
eria
ls a
ddre
ssin
g na
tiona
l and
inte
rnat
iona
l pop
ula-
tion
and
natu
ral r
esou
rce
use
issu
es, a
s w
ell a
s co
mm
unity
sus
tain
abili
ty.
"Com
mun
ity S
usta
inab
ility
" is
a s
uppl
emen
tary
env
iron
men
tal e
duca
tion
min
i-cu
rric
ulum
for
grad
es n
ine
thro
ugh
12. I
t is
desi
gned
to p
rovi
de s
tude
nts
with
info
rmat
ion
abou
t the
emer
ging
com
mun
ity s
usta
inab
ility
mov
emen
t, as
wel
l as
envi
ronm
enta
l act
ion
skill
s th
atw
ill f
acili
tate
thei
r pa
rtic
ipat
ion.
It c
an b
e us
ed b
y bo
th s
cien
ce a
nd n
onsc
ienc
e te
ache
rs.
Les
sons
are
seq
uent
ial a
nd in
terd
isci
plin
ary.
The
y pr
ovid
e st
uden
ts w
ith s
kills
in m
ath,
scie
nce,
lang
uage
art
s, s
ocia
l stu
dies
, his
tory
, vis
ual a
rts,
fam
ily s
tudi
es, t
echn
olog
yed
ucat
ion,
bus
ines
s ed
ucat
ion
and
voca
tiona
l edu
catio
n, a
mon
g ot
hers
. The
cor
e se
ctio
nsSu
stai
nabi
lity
Star
ting
Poin
t thr
ough
Mon
itori
ng S
usta
inab
ility
can
be im
plem
ente
ddu
ring
a th
ree-
wee
k pe
riod
, dep
endi
ng o
n th
e in
tens
ity w
ith w
hich
stu
dent
res
earc
has
sign
men
ts a
re u
nder
take
n. T
he ti
me
requ
ired
for
the
fina
l sec
tion
will
var
y, d
epen
ding
on
the
natu
re o
f th
e se
rvic
e le
arni
ng p
roje
ct.
Eac
h se
ctio
n pr
ovid
es a
n in
trod
uctio
n th
at g
ives
bas
ic b
ackg
roun
d in
form
atio
n. T
heac
tiviti
es th
at f
ollo
w a
re d
esig
ned
to il
lust
rate
a r
ange
of
com
mun
ity s
usta
inab
ility
con
-ce
pts.
Man
y of
the
activ
ities
are
pre
sent
ed in
out
line
form
, as
thei
r ac
tual
pro
cedu
res
orto
pics
will
be
stud
ent-
dire
cted
. Ide
as f
or e
xten
sion
s ar
e in
clud
ed f
or e
ach
sect
ion
and
may
be im
plem
ente
d in
the
clas
sroo
m, a
ssig
ned
as h
omew
ork,
or
omitt
ed. M
etho
ds f
or e
valu
a-tio
n ar
e le
ft to
the
disc
retio
n of
the
teac
her.
Sust
aina
bilit
y St
artin
g Po
int p
rovi
des
an in
trod
uctio
n to
sus
tain
abili
ty, a
nd S
usta
inab
ility
Snap
shot
giv
es s
tude
nts
an o
ppor
tuni
ty to
app
ly th
e co
ncep
t of
sust
aina
bilit
y to
thei
r ow
nco
mm
uniti
es. A
Pee
k at
the
Past
allo
ws
stud
ents
to b
ette
r un
ders
tand
cha
nges
that
hav
eta
ken
plac
e w
ithin
thei
r co
mm
unity
in r
ecen
t yea
rs. L
ooki
ng A
head
ask
s st
uden
ts to
def
ine
the
qual
ities
they
wou
ld li
ke to
cha
ract
eriz
e th
eir
com
mun
ity. M
onito
ring
Sus
tain
abili
typr
ovid
es a
mea
ns f
or g
augi
ng th
e cu
rren
t sta
tus
of th
e co
mm
unity
. The
fin
al s
ectio
n,Su
stai
nabi
lity
Serv
ice
Proj
ects
, hel
ps g
uide
stu
dent
s' e
ffor
ts to
ste
er th
eir
com
mun
ity f
rom
its p
rese
nt s
tate
to it
s de
sire
d st
ate.
As
with
mos
t pro
ject
s of
this
kin
d, o
ur id
eas
abou
t the
bes
t way
s to
teac
h st
uden
ts a
bout
sust
aina
bilit
y ar
e st
reng
then
ed b
y fe
edba
ck f
rom
oth
er e
duca
tors
. The
re is
a te
ache
rev
alua
tion
form
at t
he e
nd o
f th
is p
ublic
atio
n. P
leas
e he
lp u
s by
fill
ing
it ou
t and
sen
ding
itto
us.
Tha
nk y
ou.
Ben
edic
t and
Dia
ne H
ren
124
PR
EF
AC
E
"Com
mun
ity S
usta
inab
ility
" bu
ilds
on tw
o im
port
ant,
emer
ging
tren
ds in
edu
catio
n re
form
:se
rvic
e le
arni
ng a
nd e
nvir
onm
enta
l edu
catio
n fo
r su
stai
nabi
lity.
Alth
ough
stu
dent
s tr
aditi
onal
ly h
ave
been
eng
aged
in a
var
iety
of
com
mun
ity s
ervi
cepr
ojec
ts, s
ervi
ce le
arni
ng u
niqu
ely
links
com
mun
ity s
ervi
ce a
nd v
olun
teer
ism
with
acad
emic
lear
ning
. No
acad
emic
fie
ld is
mor
e cr
ucia
l to
the
long
-ter
m w
ell-
bein
g of
our
com
mun
ities
= a
nd s
ocie
ties
arou
nd th
e w
orld
than
env
iron
men
tal e
duca
tion
for
sust
aina
bilit
y.
At t
he 1
992
Uni
ted
Nat
ions
Con
fere
nce
on E
nvir
onm
ent a
nd D
evel
opm
ent,
also
kno
wn
asth
e E
arth
Sum
mit,
sus
tain
abili
ty e
mer
ged
as a
cen
tral
them
e. T
his
them
e ha
s be
en r
epea
ted
in s
ubse
quen
t U.N
. mee
tings
add
ress
ing
popu
latio
n, s
ocia
l iss
ues,
wom
en a
nd h
uman
habi
tat.
The
Ear
th S
umm
it's
Prog
ram
me
of A
ctio
n, b
ette
r kn
ows
as A
gend
a 21
, mai
ntai
nsth
at "
Edu
catio
n is
cri
tical
for
pro
mot
ing
sust
aina
ble
deve
lopm
ent a
nd im
prov
ing
the
capa
city
of
the
peop
le to
add
ress
env
iron
men
t and
dev
elop
men
t iss
ues.
..It i
s al
so c
ritic
alfo
r ac
hiev
ing
envi
ronm
enta
l and
eth
ical
aw
aren
ess,
val
ues
and
attit
udes
, ski
lls a
nd b
ehav
ior
cons
iste
nt w
ith s
usta
inab
le d
evel
opm
ent a
nd f
or e
ffec
tive
publ
ic p
artic
ipat
ion
in d
ecis
ion-
mak
ing.
"
Con
tem
pora
ry e
nvir
onm
enta
l edu
catio
n em
erge
d in
the
1980
s. I
t has
bee
n de
fine
d by
. the
Nat
iona
l Con
sort
ium
for
Env
iron
men
tal E
duca
tion
and
Tra
inin
g as
"a
way
of
teac
hing
that
mak
es c
onne
ctio
ns b
etw
een
scie
nce,
tech
nolo
gy, e
cono
mic
s, p
olic
y, p
eopl
e an
d th
een
viro
nmen
t." E
nvir
onm
enta
l edu
catio
n "a
ddre
sses
inte
r-re
latio
nshi
ps b
etw
een
hum
ans
and
the
envi
ronm
ent,"
acc
ordi
ng to
the
grou
p, "
and
is c
once
rned
with
val
ues
and
skill
s, a
s w
ell
as k
now
ledg
e:"
Alth
ough
con
tem
pora
ry e
nvir
onm
enta
l edu
catio
n ad
voca
tes
teac
hing
abo
ut v
alue
s, th
eem
ergi
ng m
odel
of
envi
ronm
enta
l edu
catio
n fo
r su
stai
nabi
lity
advo
cate
s te
achi
ng v
alue
sth
emse
lves
. Val
ues
that
pro
mot
e th
e hu
man
rig
hts
of c
urre
nt a
nd f
utur
e ge
nera
tions
and
the
impo
rtan
ce o
f bi
odiv
ersi
ty a
re a
s es
sent
ial t
o su
stai
nabi
lity
as v
alue
s th
at tr
aditi
onal
ly a
reta
ught
to s
tren
gthe
n de
moc
racy
. Env
iron
men
tal e
duca
tion
for
sust
aina
bilit
y is
str
ongl
ypr
oact
ive
and
addr
esse
s th
e lo
ng-t
erm
soc
ial,
econ
omic
and
env
iron
men
tal e
ffec
ts o
fco
ntem
pora
ry d
ecis
ion-
mak
ing.
By
com
bini
ng th
ese
elem
ents
with
ser
vice
lear
ning
, stu
dent
s ga
in in
sigh
t int
o lo
cal p
oliti
cal
proc
esse
s. T
hey
deve
lop
dem
ocra
tic s
kills
and
val
ues
that
are
nee
ded
to a
ddre
ss is
sues
abou
t nat
ural
res
ourc
e co
nsum
ptio
n, p
over
ty, e
nvir
onm
enta
l qua
lity,
con
serv
atio
n,ec
onom
ic d
evel
opm
ent,
soci
al ju
stic
e an
d eq
uity
.
ST?
i
INIO
d 9NIIIIV
IS N
IITIE
IVN
IVIS
IS
SU
ST
AIN
AB
ILIT
YS
TA
RT
ING
PO
INT
Sub
ject
s:en
viro
nmen
tal s
cien
ce, l
angu
age
arts
, soc
ial s
cien
ce
Voc
abul
ary:
carr
ying
cap
acity
. con
sens
us.
deve
lopm
ent,
envi
ronm
ent,
envi
ronm
enta
l jus
tice,
hum
anre
sour
ces.
inte
grat
ion,
natu
ral
reso
urce
s, s
tew
ards
hip.
sust
ain-
abili
ty, s
usta
inab
le d
evel
opm
ent.
tran
sfor
mat
ion
Obj
ectiv
es:
Stu
dent
s w
ill h
e ab
le to
: I)
defin
esu
stai
nabi
lity,
2)
defin
e su
stai
n-ab
le c
omm
unity
dev
elop
men
t, an
d3)
des
crib
e th
e pr
oces
s th
roug
hw
hich
sus
tain
abili
ty m
ay b
eac
hiev
ed.
Met
hod:
Usi
ng a
jigs
aw c
oope
rativ
ele
arni
ng s
trat
egy,
stu
dent
s w
illbu
ild a
foun
datio
n of
und
erst
and-
ing
for
a se
ries
of a
ctiv
ities
.
Mat
eria
ls:
Stu
dent
Pag
es (
expe
rt g
roup
pag
es
1 -
5 an
d ba
se g
roup
Sum
mar
yQ
uest
ions
), p
enci
l
16
Bac
kgro
und:
Sus
tain
ahili
ty is
a c
ompr
ehen
sive
appr
oach
for
crea
ting
an e
nviro
nmen
tally
soun
d w
orld
for
ours
elve
s an
dge
nera
tions
to c
ome.
It h
as e
mer
ged
rece
ntly
as
the
new
est g
oal o
fnat
ions
and
com
mun
ities
aro
und
the
wor
ld.
For
con
serv
atio
nist
s, s
usta
inab
ility
is n
othi
ng n
ew. I
t's a
bas
icpr
inci
ple
for
natu
ral r
esou
rce
man
agem
ent.
Pol
icy-
mak
ers
also
hav
e th
ough
t
abou
t sus
tain
abili
ty fo
r th
e la
stth
ree
deca
des.
But
it w
as n
ot u
ntil
aU
nite
d N
atio
ns c
onfe
renc
e in
1987
that
sus
tain
abili
ty a
chie
ved
the
high
-
prof
ile e
xpos
ure
it ne
eded
to c
aptu
reth
e w
orld
's a
ttent
ion.
Tha
t yea
r. th
e U
nite
d N
atio
nsco
nven
ed th
e W
orld
Com
mis
sion
on
Env
ironm
ent a
nd D
evel
opm
ent.
Hea
ded
by N
orw
egia
n P
rime
Min
iste
r G
ro
llarle
m lt
runt
land
. the
"B
runt
land
Com
mis
sion
" co
nclu
ded
that
the
wor
ld w
asfa
cing
a s
erio
us th
reat
bro
ught
on
by u
nsus
tain
able
dev
elop
men
t.
The
Bru
ntla
nd C
omm
issi
onpr
ovid
ed th
e w
orld
with
this
con
cise
defin
ition
of s
usta
inab
ility
: "de
velo
pmen
tth
at m
eets
the
need
s of
the
pres
ent
with
out e
ndan
gerin
g th
e ab
ility
of fu
ture
gen
erat
ions
to m
eet t
heir
own
need
s."
Eliz
abet
h K
line
of T
olls
Uni
vers
ityvi
ews
sust
aina
bilit
y as
a c
ombi
natio
n of
four
thin
gs: e
cono
mic
sec
urity
,ec
olog
ical
inte
grity
, qua
lity
of li
fe,
and
empo
wer
men
t and
res
pons
ibili
ty.
The
se e
lem
ents
pro
vide
the
fram
ewor
kfo
r a
stab
le e
cono
my
and
com
mun
ities
that
live
in h
arm
ony
with
the
natu
ral e
nviro
nmen
t. su
ppor
t ahi
gh q
ualit
y of
life
, and
giv
e pe
ople
deci
sion
-mak
ing
resp
onsi
bilit
y.
Oth
er in
terp
reta
tions
of s
usta
inab
ility
are
spec
ific
to a
cer
tain
com
mun
ity's
nee
ds.
For
exa
mpl
e, th
e no
npro
fitor
gani
zatio
n S
usta
inab
le S
eattl
e
curr
ently
is d
evel
opin
g a
sust
aina
bilit
ypl
an fo
r its
gro
win
g m
etro
polit
an a
rea.
The
pla
n ch
arac
teriz
es s
usta
inab
ility
as
deve
lopm
ent t
hat
prom
otes
"lo
ng-t
erm
cultu
ral,
econ
omic
and
env
ironm
enta
lhea
lth a
nd v
italit
y."
Vic
e P
resi
dent
Al G
ore
first
coin
ed th
e te
rm "
sust
aina
ble
com
mun
ityde
velo
pmen
t" in
ref
eren
ce to
the
U.S
.D
epar
tmen
t of H
ousi
ng a
nd U
rban
Dev
elop
men
t's E
nter
pris
e C
omm
unity
Pro
gram
. The
term
was
def
ined
form
ally
durin
g th
e 19
94 W
hite
!lou
se C
onfe
renc
e on
Env
ironm
enta
l
Tec
hnol
ogy.
The
re, a
pan
el o
npa
rtne
rshi
ps fo
r su
stai
nabl
e co
mm
uniti
esde
scrib
ed s
usta
inab
le c
omm
unity
deve
lopm
ent a
s de
velo
pmen
t tha
t
"gui
des
the
soci
al, e
cono
mic
and
ecol
ogic
al r
ebal
anci
ng o
f urb
aniz
atio
n w
ithin
the
dict
ates
of n
atur
al e
colo
gy.-
The
re a
re a
s m
any
defin
ition
sof
sus
tain
abili
ty a
nd s
usta
inab
leco
mm
unity
dev
elop
men
t as
ther
e ar
ein
divi
dual
s. o
rgan
izat
ions
and
gov
ernm
ents
wor
king
to a
chie
ve lo
ng-t
erm
,envi
ronm
enta
lly c
onsc
ious
dev
elop
men
tst
rate
gies
. How
ever
, the
re a
re fe
wer
con
cret
eex
ampl
es o
f how
sust
aina
ble
com
mun
ityde
velo
pmen
t will
wor
k or
wha
t it w
ill lo
ok li
ke.T
he s
olut
ions
to s
usta
inab
leco
mm
unity
dev
elop
men
t are
like
ly to
be
dete
rmin
ed b
y th
e ge
nera
tion
ofco
mm
unity
inno
vato
rs w
ho a
re s
tude
nts
toda
y.
7
Pro
cedu
re:
I) T
he f
ollo
win
g re
adin
g ex
erci
se p
rovi
des
an o
verv
iew
of
com
mun
ity s
usta
inab
ility
. It i
sdi
vide
d in
to f
ive
expe
rt g
roup
rea
ding
s:A
Def
inin
g T
ime
Exp
ert G
roup
I
Tom
orro
w's
Tec
hnol
ogie
s T
oday
Exp
ert G
roup
2S
usta
inab
ility
Beg
in a
t Hom
eE
xper
t Gro
up 3
Brin
ging
Sus
tain
abili
ty H
ome
Exp
ert G
roup
4A
Sus
tain
abili
ty R
epor
t Car
dE
xper
t Gro
up 5
2) O
rgan
ize
stud
ents
into
"ba
se"
grou
ps o
f fi
ve. G
ive
each
stu
dent
in th
e ba
se g
roup
one
of
the
five
exp
ert g
roup
rea
ding
s.
3) H
ave
stud
ents
reg
roup
, by
the
read
ings
they
rec
eive
d, in
to o
ne o
f fi
ve "
expe
rt"
grou
ps.
Exp
lain
that
stu
dent
s w
ill r
ead
and
disc
uss
with
in e
xper
t gro
ups
the
read
ings
they
hav
ebe
en a
ssig
ned.
Org
aniz
e th
e se
ctio
n gr
oups
of
stud
ents
in d
iffe
rent
are
as o
f th
e cl
assr
oom
.W
ithin
the
expe
rt g
roup
s, s
tude
nts
firs
t sho
uld
exam
ine
the
read
ings
, the
n w
ork
coop
era-
tivel
y to
ans
wer
the
"foc
us o
n th
e fa
cts"
que
stio
ns. T
hey
shou
ld u
se th
is ti
me
to d
iscu
ss th
ein
form
atio
n an
d pr
epar
e to
pre
sent
it to
mem
bers
of
thei
r ba
se g
roup
.
4) A
sk s
tude
nts
to r
e-fo
rm th
eir
base
gro
ups.
Beg
inni
ng w
ith r
eadi
ng o
ne, e
ach
stud
ent
"exp
ert"
sho
uld
expl
ain
the
focu
s of
his
/her
rea
ding
to o
ther
mem
bers
of
the
base
gro
up.
5) H
ave
stud
ents
put
aw
ay a
ll re
adin
g m
ater
ial a
nd n
otes
. Dis
trib
ute
a su
mm
ary
shee
t to
each
bas
e gr
oup.
Ask
the
stud
ents
to w
ork
toge
ther
, usi
ng th
eir
expe
rt a
nd c
oope
rativ
ekn
owle
dge,
to c
ompl
ete
the
sum
mar
y qu
estio
ns.
6) D
iscu
ss a
nd r
evie
w th
e st
uden
t sum
mar
y qu
estio
ns.
Ext
ensi
ons:
1. I
ntro
duce
the
conc
ept o
f su
stai
nabi
lity
by v
iew
ing
and
disc
ussi
ng "
Sust
aina
ble
Env
iron
-m
ents
." T
he v
ideo
pro
vide
s an
exc
elle
nt in
trod
uctio
n to
the
ecol
ogic
al p
rinc
iple
s of
sust
aina
bilit
y an
d sh
ows
how
thes
e ca
n be
app
lied
to is
sues
rel
atin
g to
tran
spor
tatio
n,bu
ildin
gs a
nd la
ndsc
apes
, die
t and
agr
icul
ture
, and
life
styl
es a
nd w
ork.
2. H
ave
stud
ents
loca
te, r
ead
and
revi
ew c
urre
nt n
ewsp
aper
art
icle
s ab
out l
ocal
com
mun
ityde
velo
pmen
t. D
o th
ese
proj
ects
pro
mot
e re
sour
ce c
onse
rvat
ion,
eith
er th
roug
h te
chno
logy
effi
cien
cy o
r co
nsum
er b
ehav
ior
mod
ific
atio
n? D
o th
ey h
ave
the
broa
d su
ppor
t of
all
mem
bers
of
the
com
mun
ity?
How
do
they
inte
grat
e an
d ad
dres
s en
viro
nmen
tal,
soci
al a
ndec
onom
ic is
sues
? D
o th
ey c
ontr
ibut
e to
sus
tain
abili
ty?
188
Res
ourc
es:
"Cho
osin
g a
Sust
aina
ble
Futu
re: T
he R
epor
t of
the
Nat
iona
l Com
mis
sion
on
the
Env
iron
-m
ent,"
199
3, p
ublis
hed
by I
slan
d Pr
ess,
Was
hing
ton,
D.C
.
"Les
sons
fro
m N
atur
e: L
earn
ing
to L
ive
Sust
aina
bly
on th
e E
arth
," b
y D
anie
l Chi
ras,
199
2,pu
blis
hed
by I
slan
d Pr
ess,
Was
hing
ton,
D.C
.
"Our
Com
mon
Fut
ure:
The
Rep
ort o
f th
e W
orld
Com
mis
sion
on
Env
iron
men
t and
Dev
elop
men
t," 1
987,
pub
lishe
d by
Oxf
ord
Uni
vers
ity P
ress
, New
Yor
k, N
.Y.
"Sus
tain
able
Env
iron
men
ts,"
199
5, v
ideo
ava
ilabl
e fr
om S
an L
uis
Vid
eo P
ublis
hing
; P.O
.B
ox 6
715,
Los
Oso
s, C
alif
. 934
12
"Sus
tain
able
Wor
lds,
" in
Nat
ure
Con
serv
ancy
, Jan
uary
/Feb
ruar
y 19
95, a
vaila
ble
from
Nat
ure
Con
serv
ancy
, 181
5 N
orth
Lyn
n St
., A
rlin
gton
, Va.
222
09.
19
A D
efin
ing
Tim
eE
xper
t Gro
up 1
The
term
"su
stai
nabi
lity"
has
bee
n us
ed b
y co
nser
vatio
n pr
ofes
sion
als
for
seve
ral
deca
des,
but
it w
as n
ot u
ntil
1987
that
it g
aine
d w
orld
wid
e at
tent
ion.
Tha
t is
whe
n
the
Wor
ld C
omm
issi
on o
n E
nvir
onm
ent a
nd D
evel
opm
ent
conv
ened
by
the
Uni
ted
Nat
ions
issu
ed it
s fi
nal r
epor
t, tit
led
"Our
Com
mon
Fut
ure.
" T
he r
epor
tw
as b
ased
on
four
yea
rs o
f re
sear
ch a
nd p
ublic
hear
ings
aim
ed a
t fin
ding
glo
bal
solu
tions
to th
e pr
oble
ms
caus
ed b
y en
viro
nmen
tal d
egra
datio
n. I
n th
e re
port
, the
com
mis
sion
cal
led
for
"sus
tain
able
dev
elop
men
t" a
s a
plan
etar
y go
al. T
heco
mm
issi
on a
lso
prov
ided
the
wor
ld w
ith a
con
cise
def
initi
on o
f su
stai
nabi
lity:
the
goal
of
a sy
stem
of
deve
lopm
ent "
that
mee
ts th
e ne
eds
of th
e pr
esen
t with
out
enda
nger
ing
the
abili
ty o
f fu
ture
gen
erat
ions
to m
eet t
heir
ow
n ne
eds.
"
In a
wor
ld w
orki
ng to
ach
ieve
sus
tain
abili
ty, p
eopl
e ca
n dr
aw o
n th
e E
arth
'slif
e
supp
ort s
yste
ms
crop
land
s, f
ores
ts, e
nerg
y, c
lean
air
and
wat
erw
ithou
tde
grad
ing
thes
e sy
stem
s to
the
poin
t whe
re th
ese
reso
urce
s no
long
er c
an s
uppo
rtfu
ture
gen
erat
ions
. Thi
s m
eans
ren
ewab
le n
atur
al r
esou
rces
like
tree
s, o
cean
fish
erie
s an
d fr
eshw
ater
sho
uld
not b
e us
ed f
aste
r th
an th
ey c
an b
e re
plen
ishe
d.N
onre
new
able
nat
ural
res
ourc
es li
ke c
oal,
oil a
nd m
iner
al r
eser
ves
shou
ld b
e us
edsp
arin
gly
until
new
tech
nolo
gies
can
pro
vide
alte
rnat
ive,
env
iron
men
tally
cle
anso
urce
s of
ene
rgy
and
raw
mat
eria
ls. I
n ad
ditio
n, h
uman
popu
latio
ns s
houl
d no
t be
so la
rge
that
mee
ting
basi
c hu
man
nee
ds d
amag
esth
e en
viro
nmen
t.
The
Wor
ld C
omm
issi
on o
n E
nvir
onm
ent a
nd D
evel
opm
ent e
stab
lishe
dse
vera
l key
prin
cipl
es o
f su
stai
nabi
lity.
Fir
st, i
t sta
ted
that
the
need
s of
the
futu
re m
ust n
ot b
esa
crif
iced
to th
e de
man
ds o
f th
e pr
esen
t. In
oth
er w
ords
, we
shou
ld n
ot u
se u
pna
tura
l res
ourc
es o
r ch
ange
the
natu
ral e
nvir
onm
ent i
n an
y w
ay th
at w
ould
jeop
ardi
ze f
utur
e ge
nera
tions
' cha
nces
of
havi
ng e
noug
h fo
od, w
ater
or
oppo
rtun
i-tie
s fo
r ou
tdoo
r re
crea
tion.
Sec
ond,
the
com
mis
sion
rec
ogni
zed
that
ahe
alth
yen
viro
nmen
t and
a h
ealth
y ec
onom
y go
han
d in
han
d. T
he e
nvir
onm
ent a
nd it
sna
tura
l res
ourc
es a
re th
e so
urce
of
our
mon
etar
y w
ealth
, and
mon
ey-m
akin
gac
tiviti
es th
at d
amag
e th
e en
viro
nmen
t har
m f
utur
e m
oney
-mak
ing
oppo
rtun
ities
.Fi
nally
, the
com
mis
sion
con
clud
ed th
at p
rote
ctin
g th
e en
viro
nmen
t wou
ld b
edi
ffic
ult u
nles
s w
e im
prov
e th
e liv
ing
cond
ition
s of
the
Ear
th's
poo
rest
peo
ple.
With
out j
obs,
mon
ey, f
ood,
wat
er a
nd e
nerg
y re
sour
ces,
peo
ple
who
live
in
pove
rty
use
thei
r lo
cal r
esou
rces
to s
urvi
ve, w
ith li
ttle
conc
ern
abou
t con
serv
atio
n
or th
e ne
eds
of f
utur
e ge
nera
tions
.
209
As
part
of
a lo
cal r
espo
nse
to th
is g
loba
l cal
l for
act
ion,
peo
ple
acro
ss th
e U
nite
dSt
ates
and
aro
und
the
wor
ld a
re e
ngag
ed in
suc
cess
ful e
ffor
ts to
mov
e th
eir
neig
hbor
hood
s, to
wns
and
citi
es to
war
d a
sust
aina
bilit
y. T
hose
in th
e co
mm
unity
sust
aina
bilit
y m
ovem
ent b
elie
ve th
at a
str
ong
econ
omic
fut
ure
depe
nds
onco
nser
ving
nat
ural
res
ourc
es a
nd p
rom
otin
g de
moc
ratic
pri
ncip
les
that
val
ue th
eco
ntri
butio
ns a
nd o
pini
ons
of e
very
mem
ber
of th
e co
mm
unity
.
FOC
US
ON
TH
E F
AC
TS
1. W
hat i
s th
e de
fini
tion
of s
usta
inab
ility
?
2. D
escr
ibe
the
key
prin
cipl
es o
f su
stai
nabi
lity.
3. H
ow c
ould
sus
tain
abili
ty b
enef
it yo
u?
21
Tom
orro
w's
Tec
hnol
ogie
s T
oday
Exp
ert G
roup
2
Hal
f th
e w
orld
's p
eopl
e w
ill li
ve in
urb
an a
reas
by
the
turn
of
the
cent
ury.
Al-
read
y, n
earl
y 90
per
cent
of
Am
eric
ans
live
in u
rban
are
as. T
he U
.S. p
opul
atio
n is
proj
ecte
d to
gro
w f
rom
258
mill
ion
peop
le in
199
5 to
as
man
y as
325
mill
ion
by20
20. T
he w
ays
com
mun
ities
pla
n fo
r th
e fu
ture
will
det
erm
ine
hum
anki
nd's
succ
ess
or f
ailu
re in
pre
serv
ing
the
envi
ronm
ent a
nd a
chie
ving
sus
tain
abili
ty.
Sust
aina
bilit
y is
the
goal
of
a sy
stem
of
deve
lopm
ent t
hat p
rovi
des
jobs
, foo
d,fr
eshw
ater
, a p
lace
to li
ve, c
lean
air
and
a h
ealth
y en
viro
nmen
t for
peo
ple,
toda
yan
d in
the
futu
re.
Mos
t U.S
. citi
es w
ere
built
usi
ng te
chno
logi
es th
at a
ssum
ed th
at a
bund
ant a
ndch
eap
ener
gy a
nd la
nd w
ould
be
avai
labl
e fo
reve
r. L
arge
-sca
le c
onst
ruct
ion
proj
ects
turn
ed f
arm
land
into
trac
ts o
f su
burb
an h
ousi
ng a
nd c
over
ed w
etla
nds
with
sho
ppin
g m
alls
, par
king
lots
and
roa
ds. C
omm
uniti
es b
ecam
e de
pend
ent o
nlo
ng-d
ista
nce
tran
spor
tatio
n fo
r th
e de
liver
y of
bas
ic n
atur
al r
esou
rces
like
foo
d,w
ater
and
ene
rgy.
Oth
er c
onse
quen
ces
of s
ubur
ban
spra
wl a
re a
ir p
ollu
tion,
loss
of
wild
life
habi
tat,
popu
latio
n de
clin
es in
inne
r ci
ties
and
traf
fic
cong
estio
n.
Foss
il-fu
el te
chno
logi
es th
at p
rovi
ded
inex
pens
ive
ener
gy in
flue
nced
the
cons
truc
-tio
n of
our
spa
ciou
s ho
mes
, off
ice
build
ings
and
sho
ppin
g m
alls
. Ine
xpen
sive
gaso
line
bols
tere
d ou
r de
pend
ence
on
the
auto
mob
ile a
nd in
crea
sed
the
dist
ance
betw
een
our
wor
kpla
ces
and
our
hom
es. P
er-c
apita
gas
olin
e co
nsum
ptio
n in
U.S
.ci
ties
is n
ow m
ore
than
fou
r tim
es th
at o
f E
urop
ean
citie
s an
d ab
out 1
0 tim
esgr
eate
r th
an A
sian
citi
es s
uch
as H
ong
Kon
g an
d Si
ngap
ore.
We
also
are
squ
ande
ring
nat
ural
res
ourc
es th
roug
h ex
cess
pac
kagi
ng o
fco
nsum
ergo
ods
and
by th
e pr
oduc
tion
of la
rge
amou
nts
of d
ispo
sabl
e pr
oduc
ts. T
hese
cont
ribu
te to
a m
ount
ing
garb
age
prob
lem
and
a la
ck o
f la
ndfi
llsp
ace
in c
omm
u-ni
ties
from
coa
st to
coa
st. E
ven
usin
g co
nser
vativ
e pr
ojec
tions
for
U.S
. pop
ulat
ion
grow
th, t
he U
.S. E
nvir
onm
enta
l Pro
tect
ion
Age
ncy
repo
rts
that
80
perc
ent o
f al
lla
ndfi
lls w
ill b
e at
ful
l cap
acity
with
in th
e ne
xt 2
5 ye
ars.
The
eco
logi
cal c
osts
of
our
envi
ronm
enta
lly u
nfri
endl
y te
chno
logi
esar
e as
toni
sh-
ing.
Eac
h da
y, a
typi
cal c
ity o
f 10
0,00
0 pe
ople
impo
rts
appr
oxim
atel
y 20
0 to
ns o
ffo
od a
nd 1
,000
tons
of
fuel
. It a
lso
gene
rate
s ne
arly
275
tons
of
garb
age.
And
the
U.S
. pop
ulat
ion
is g
row
ing
by a
bout
3 m
illio
n pe
ople
eac
h ye
ar.
22
Som
e of
the
grea
test
cha
lleng
es f
or c
omm
uniti
es w
orki
ng to
war
d su
stai
nabi
lity
are
stab
ilizi
ng h
uman
pop
ulat
ion
grow
th a
nd in
vest
ing
in te
chno
logi
es th
atar
e m
ore
ener
gy-e
ffic
ient
and
less
pol
lutin
g. T
his
may
incl
ude
redu
cing
teen
preg
nanc
yra
tes,
impr
ovin
g pu
blic
tran
spor
tatio
n, a
nd u
sing
ren
ewab
le e
nerg
y su
pplie
s.C
omm
uniti
es a
lso
mus
t wor
k to
war
d m
ore
effi
cien
t lan
d us
e pa
ttern
s to
red
uce
impa
ct o
n na
tura
l res
ourc
es. C
ityw
ide
recy
clin
g an
d tr
ee-p
lant
ing
proj
ects
als
oar
eim
port
ant e
ffor
ts to
war
d ac
hiev
ing
the
bala
nce
of p
eopl
e,re
sour
ce u
se a
nden
viro
nmen
tal p
rote
ctio
n re
quir
ed f
or c
omm
unity
sus
tain
abili
ty.
FOC
US
ON
TH
E F
AC
TS
1. W
hat i
s th
e de
fini
tion
of s
usta
inab
ility
?
2. H
ow d
oes
the
way
we
use
tech
nolo
gy a
ffec
t our
env
iron
men
t and
eco
nom
y?
3. H
ow c
ould
adv
ance
d te
chno
logi
es a
nd th
em
ore
effi
cien
t use
of
natu
ral r
e-so
urce
s be
nefi
t you
?
10
23
Sus
tain
abili
ty B
egin
s at
Hom
eE
xper
t Gro
up 3
As
the
sayi
ng g
oes,
peo
ple
are
eith
er p
art o
f th
e pr
oble
m o
r pa
rtof
the
solu
tion.
In
man
y co
mm
uniti
es a
cros
s th
e co
untr
y, r
apid
popu
latio
n gr
owth
, ove
rbur
dene
dla
ndfi
lls, d
eple
ted
natu
ral r
esou
rces
, and
wat
er a
nd a
ir p
ollu
tion
are
view
ed a
spr
oble
ms.
But
sus
tain
abili
ty m
ay p
rovi
de th
e so
lutio
n. S
usta
inab
ility
is th
ego
al o
f
a sy
stem
of
deve
lopm
ent t
hat p
rovi
des
for
the
natu
ral r
esou
rce
need
s of
cur
rent
and
futu
re g
ener
atio
ns w
ithou
t har
min
g th
e en
viro
nmen
t.
On
a pe
rson
al le
vel,
we
can
help
our
com
mun
ities
mov
e to
war
dsu
stai
nabi
lity
byad
optin
g lif
esty
les
that
red
uce
our
indi
vidu
al im
pact
on
glob
al a
nd lo
cal r
esou
rces
.T
his
incl
udes
dec
isio
ns a
bout
eve
ryth
ing
from
the
desi
red
size
of
our
fani
ilies
to
how
we
mak
e a
livin
g, h
ow w
e ge
t fro
m p
lace
to p
lace
, and
how
muc
han
d w
hat
we
buy.
Cha
ngin
g ou
r lif
esty
les
and
patte
rns
of b
ehav
ior
isn'
t eas
y. H
igh
con-
sum
ptio
n le
vels
hav
e be
com
e th
e ul
timat
e m
easu
re o
f pe
rson
al s
ucce
ss."
Gro
wth
is p
rogr
ess"
and
"th
e bi
gger
the
bette
r" a
re in
here
nt p
rinc
iple
s in
the
purs
uit
of th
e
Am
eric
an d
ream
. Eve
ryon
e w
ants
the
late
st c
loth
es, t
he n
ewes
t hig
h-te
chho
me
ente
rtai
nmen
t equ
ipm
ent,
and
the
fast
est c
ar.
Alth
ough
Am
eric
ans
com
pris
e on
ly 5
per
cent
of
the
wor
ld's
pop
ulat
ion,
we
use
25
perc
ent o
f th
e w
orld
's r
esou
rces
and
pro
duce
a d
ispr
opor
tiona
te a
mou
ntof
was
tean
d po
llutio
n. W
e th
row
aw
ay to
o m
uch.
The
re is
a d
aily
ava
lanc
heof
sol
id w
aste
gene
rate
d by
Am
eric
ans
-- n
earl
y 4
poun
ds p
er d
ay f
or e
ach
man
, wom
anan
d
child
, or
a to
tal o
f 40
0,00
0 to
ns p
er y
ear.
Nea
rly
one-
thir
d of
wha
t we
thro
w o
utby
wei
ght -
- an
d ne
arly
one
-hal
f by
vol
ume
-- is
pac
kagi
ng. D
espi
te th
e ar
ray
ofre
cycl
ing
poss
ibili
ties,
abo
ut 7
5 pe
rcen
t of
this
was
te is
tran
spor
ted
tola
ndfi
lls,
whi
ch r
apid
ly a
re a
ppro
achi
ng c
apac
ity le
vels
. As
mor
e co
mm
uniti
es a
dopt
recy
clin
g pr
ogra
ms,
we
will
red
uce
the
need
to e
xtra
ct r
aw m
ater
ials
fro
m r
emot
ean
d fr
agile
par
ts o
f th
e pl
anet
.
Alte
ring
our
tran
spor
tatio
n ha
bits
als
o co
uld
have
an
enor
mou
s im
pact
on
sust
ain-
abili
ty. M
ore
than
six
of
ever
y 10
bar
rels
of
oil a
re d
edic
ated
to tr
ansp
orta
tion
need
s in
the
Uni
ted
Stat
es. T
rave
l by
pers
onal
car
use
s ne
arly
fou
r tim
es a
sm
uch
fuel
per
per
son
per
mile
as
trav
el b
y bu
s, tr
ain
or v
an p
ool.
But
two
out o
f ev
ery
thre
e A
mer
ican
s st
ill d
rive
alo
ne d
urin
g th
eir
daily
com
mut
e to
wor
k.
We
also
can
red
uce
our
ener
gy a
ppet
ite b
y ch
oosi
ng to
mak
e en
ergy
effi
cien
cypa
rt o
f ou
r ho
mes
and
a d
ecid
ing
fact
or in
our
pur
chas
es. F
orex
ampl
e, r
epla
cing
a75
-wat
t inc
ande
scen
t bul
b w
ith a
new
18-
wat
t flu
ores
cent
one
will
pro
duce
the
24
sam
e am
ount
of
light
whi
le s
avin
g ap
prox
imat
ely
400
poun
ds o
f co
al a
nd s
igni
fi-
cant
ly r
educ
ing
the
rele
ase
of s
ulfu
r di
oxid
e an
d ca
rbon
dio
xide
into
the
air
thro
ugho
ut th
e lif
etim
e of
the
bulb
.
As
Am
eric
ans
begi
n to
rec
ogni
ze th
e en
orm
ous
fina
ncia
l sav
ings
that
less
was
tean
d m
ore
effi
cien
cy c
an p
rovi
de, m
ore
ener
gy-s
avin
g m
etho
ds a
re b
ecom
ing
part
of e
very
day
rout
ines
.
FOC
US
ON
TH
E F
AC
TS
1. W
hat i
s th
e de
fini
tion
of s
usta
inab
ility
?
2. W
hat c
omm
on id
eas
cont
radi
ct th
e pr
inci
ple
of s
usta
inab
ility
? E
xpla
in.
3. W
hat p
erso
nal l
ifes
tyle
cho
ices
cou
ld y
ou m
ake
to h
elp
cont
ribu
te to
sust
aina
bilit
y?
11
25
Brin
ging
Sus
tain
abili
ty H
ome
Exp
ert G
roup
4
The
U.S
. eco
nom
y ha
s se
en s
pect
acul
ar g
row
th d
urin
g th
e pa
st s
ever
al d
ecad
es.
Sinc
e 19
50, o
ur e
cono
my
has
quad
rupl
ed in
siz
e, a
nd th
e U
.S. p
opul
atio
nha
sgr
own
by 7
0 pe
rcen
t. A
lthou
gh m
any
peop
le h
ail o
ur e
cono
mic
gai
ns, o
ther
sar
eco
ncer
ned
that
gro
win
g hu
man
pop
ulat
ions
and
exp
andi
ng e
cono
mic
act
ivity
will
over
use
natu
ral r
esou
rces
and
infl
ict e
nvir
onm
enta
l dam
age.
In a
dditi
on, t
hese
eco
nom
ic s
ucce
sses
tell
us n
othi
ng a
bout
the
dist
ribu
tion
and
equi
ty o
f w
ealth
and
dev
elop
men
t am
ong
U.S
. citi
zens
. U.S
. per
-cap
itain
com
e ha
sco
ntin
ued
to g
row
dur
ing
the
past
40
year
s, b
ut s
o ha
s th
e ec
onom
icga
p be
twee
nri
ch a
nd p
oor
Am
eric
ans.
Tod
ay, t
he r
iche
st f
ifth
of
U.S
. hou
seho
lds
earn
s 48
perc
ent o
f th
e na
tion'
s in
com
e, w
hile
the
poor
est f
ifth
ear
ns le
ss th
an 4
per
cent
.T
radi
tiona
l met
hods
for
mea
suri
ng h
uman
pro
gres
s--
how
muc
h m
oney
we
mak
e,th
e nu
mbe
r of
new
hou
ses
cons
truc
ted,
and
the
num
ber
of p
eopl
e w
ithou
t job
s --
tell
us li
ttle
abou
t the
qua
litie
s of
peo
ple'
s liv
es.
Tra
ditio
nal d
evel
opm
ent -
- w
heth
er a
t the
nat
iona
l or
com
mun
ity le
vel -
- of
ten
disr
egar
ds e
nvir
onm
enta
l im
pact
s. W
orse
, dev
elop
men
t oft
enoc
curs
with
out t
hein
put f
rom
man
y m
embe
rs o
f th
e co
mm
unity
, inc
ludi
ng e
nvir
onm
enta
l and
hea
lthex
pert
s, c
omm
unity
act
ivis
ts a
nd p
eopl
e of
col
or. T
he r
esul
t has
bee
n de
velo
pmen
tth
at b
enef
its o
nly
a fe
w a
nd in
crea
sed
divi
sive
ness
amon
g di
ffer
ent s
egm
ents
of
the
com
mun
ity. B
usin
ess
com
es to
res
ent g
over
nmen
t. T
he e
nvir
onm
ent a
nd jo
bsar
e pl
aced
at o
dds.
Tox
ic w
aste
dum
ps a
re p
lace
d in
min
ority
and
low
-inc
ome
neig
hbor
hood
s. E
very
day
citiz
ens
gene
rally
are
left
out
of
the
pict
ure
alto
geth
er.
Com
mun
ity s
usta
inab
ility
turn
s ol
d w
ays
of th
inki
ng u
psid
e do
wn.
It b
ring
sa
who
le n
ew c
omm
itmen
t to
the
prin
cipl
es o
f de
moc
racy
and
env
iron
men
tal a
ndso
cial
just
ice.
It r
equi
res
full
publ
ic p
artic
ipat
ion
by a
ll co
ncer
ned
citiz
ens
part
icul
arly
fro
m m
inor
ity c
omm
uniti
es--
and
mak
es a
saf
e an
d he
alth
y en
viro
n-m
ent f
or e
very
one
a to
p pr
iori
ty.
Full
part
icip
atio
n in
com
mun
ity d
evel
opm
ent d
ecis
ion-
mak
ing
crea
tes
cons
ensu
san
d a
sens
e of
ow
ners
hip.
Thi
s is
a c
ritic
al e
lem
ent f
or c
omm
unity
sus
tain
abili
ty.
For
exam
ple,
citi
zens
may
not
sup
port
rec
yclin
g ef
fort
s if
they
hav
eno
voi
ce in
the
deve
lopm
ent o
f th
ese
and
othe
r co
nser
vatio
n in
itiat
ives
.
Fina
lly, c
omm
unity
sus
tain
abili
ty r
espe
cts
the
need
s of
fut
ure
gene
ratio
ns b
yta
king
a lo
ng-t
erm
app
roac
h to
land
pla
nnin
g. A
t pre
sent
, man
y ci
ties'
ele
cted
26
offi
cial
s fe
el p
ress
ure
to o
ffer
thei
r ci
tizen
s sh
ort-
term
ben
efits
. For
exa
mpl
e,pa
ving
ove
r a
wet
land
to b
uild
a s
hopp
ing
mal
l wor
ks a
gain
st s
usta
inab
ility
effo
rts.
Wid
espr
ead
citiz
en p
artic
ipat
ion
in a
com
mun
ity's
dec
isio
n-m
akin
gpr
oces
s ca
n he
lp p
rom
ote
long
-ter
m th
inki
ng b
y in
clud
ing
fact
ors
othe
r th
an s
hort
-te
rm f
inan
cial
con
side
ratio
ns. T
his
coul
d ha
ve a
pro
foun
d ef
fect
on
the
futu
requ
ality
of
life
in c
omm
uniti
es a
ll ov
er th
is n
atio
n.
FOC
US
ON
TH
E F
AC
TS
1. C
reat
e a
grap
hic
to s
how
the
dist
ribu
tion
of w
ealth
am
ong
U.S
. citi
zens
.
2. W
hat r
oles
do
dem
ocra
cy a
nd s
ocia
l jus
tice
play
in s
usta
inab
ility
?
3. W
hat c
ould
you
do
to p
rom
ote
activ
e in
volv
emen
t in
deci
sion
-mak
ing
amon
gal
l the
mem
bers
of
your
com
mun
ity?
12
27
A S
usta
inab
ility
Rep
ort C
ard
Exp
ert G
roup
5
Wha
t mea
sure
s ca
n co
mm
uniti
es u
se to
cha
rt th
eir
prog
ress
tow
ard
sust
aina
bilit
y?Pe
ople
in d
ozen
s of
citi
es f
rom
Jac
kson
ville
, Fla
., to
Sea
ttle,
Was
h., h
ave
deve
l-op
ed a
set
of
sust
aina
bilit
y in
dica
tors
to c
hart
thei
r co
mm
uniti
es' e
nvir
onm
enta
l,so
cial
and
eco
nom
ic v
ital s
igns
. An
indi
cato
r is
a d
ata
poin
t tha
t ref
lect
s th
e st
atus
of a
larg
er s
yste
m. F
or e
xam
ple,
bec
ause
bir
ds a
re a
vis
ible
and
eas
ily id
entif
iabl
epa
rt o
f re
gion
al e
cosy
stem
s, th
e nu
mbe
r of
bir
d sp
ecie
s in
a lo
cal b
ird
coun
t is
anin
dica
tor
of th
e ar
ea's
ove
rall
biod
iver
sity
.
Som
e in
dica
tors
can
be
mea
sure
d di
rect
ly b
y us
ing
offi
cial
sou
rces
, suc
h as
gove
rnm
ent d
ata.
The
se m
ight
incl
ude
info
rmat
ion
abou
t air
qua
lity
or p
opul
atio
ngr
owth
. Oth
ers
are
base
d on
phy
sica
l mea
sure
men
ts th
at c
itize
ns m
ust p
erfo
rmth
emse
lves
, suc
h as
dat
a co
llect
ed in
str
eam
mon
itori
ng p
rogr
ams.
Stil
l oth
erin
dica
tors
can
be
mea
sure
d on
ly th
roug
h co
mm
unity
sur
veys
, suc
h as
the
perc
ent-
age
of th
e po
pula
tion
that
per
form
s vo
lunt
eer
wor
k.
Indi
cato
rs v
ary
from
com
mun
ity to
com
mun
ity b
ut m
ay b
e gr
oupe
d in
to o
ne o
fth
ree
gene
ral c
ateg
orie
s. T
he f
irst
is e
nvir
onm
enta
l. A
com
mun
ity s
triv
ing
for
sust
aina
bilit
y w
orks
in h
arm
ony
with
nat
ural
sys
tem
s by
red
ucin
g w
aste
and
cons
umpt
ion
and
by p
rote
ctin
g an
d pr
eser
ving
air
, wat
er a
nd la
nd r
esou
rces
.E
xam
ples
of
indi
cato
rs in
this
gro
up in
clud
e w
ater
qua
lity
mea
sure
men
ts in
loca
lw
ater
way
s, a
cres
of
wet
land
s an
d fo
rest
, and
reg
iona
l bio
dive
rsity
.
Eco
nom
ic f
acto
rs c
ompr
ise
the
seco
nd c
ateg
ory.
The
y in
clud
es o
bvio
us in
dica
tors
such
as
unem
ploy
men
t rat
es a
nd p
er-c
apita
inco
me.
The
y al
so in
clud
e in
dica
tors
that
ref
lect
the
impa
cts
of e
cono
mic
act
iviti
es, s
uch
as p
ound
s of
sol
id w
aste
land
fille
d pe
r pe
rson
per
yea
r an
d ac
res
of la
nd a
vaila
ble
for
agri
cultu
re.
The
thir
d ca
tego
ry in
clud
es s
ocia
l ind
icat
ors.
The
se in
dica
tors
are
ass
ocia
ted
with
a se
nse
of w
ell-
bein
g an
d se
curi
ty s
hare
d by
res
iden
ts a
nd in
clud
e po
pula
tion,
heal
th, e
duca
tion
and
safe
ty s
tatis
tics.
Som
e ex
ampl
es a
re to
tal h
uman
pop
ulat
ion
and
annu
al p
opul
atio
n gr
owth
rat
es, t
he p
erce
nt o
f th
e po
pula
tion
18 o
r ol
der
votin
g in
ele
ctio
ns, a
nd th
e pe
rcen
t of
stud
ents
rec
eivi
ng e
nvir
onm
enta
l edu
catio
n.
The
re a
re s
ever
al c
hara
cter
istic
s th
at d
escr
ibe
a go
od in
dica
tor.
Fir
st, w
hen
poss
ible
, ind
icat
ors
shou
ld m
easu
re r
esul
ts r
athe
r th
an e
ffor
t. Fo
r ex
ampl
e, a
nin
dica
tor
shou
ld m
easu
re th
e nu
mbe
r of
lite
rate
adu
lts r
athe
r th
an th
e am
ount
of
mon
ey s
pent
on
liter
acy
educ
atio
n. S
econ
d, d
iffe
rent
com
mun
ities
shou
ld b
e ab
le
28
to c
ompa
re th
eir
indi
cato
rs w
ith o
ne a
noth
er. T
hird
; ind
icat
ors
shou
ld b
e re
liabl
efo
r up
to tw
o de
cade
s. F
ourt
h, in
dica
tor
data
sho
uld
be e
asy
to g
athe
r an
d an
alyz
eat
reg
ular
inte
rval
s. F
inal
ly, i
ndic
ator
dat
a sh
ould
com
e fr
om r
elia
ble
sour
ces.
Indi
cato
rs th
emse
lves
can
not c
reat
e ch
ange
, but
they
are
eff
ectiv
e to
ols
to h
elp
com
mun
ities
iden
tify
criti
cal a
reas
of
conc
ern
and
to a
sses
s th
eir
effo
rts
tow
ard
mak
ing
the
tran
sitio
n to
sus
tain
abili
ty.
FOC
US
ON
TH
E F
AC
TS
1. W
hat i
s th
e de
fini
tion
of a
n in
dica
tor?
2. N
ame
and
desc
ribe
thre
e ca
tego
ries
of
indi
cato
rs.
3. H
ow c
ould
you
use
info
rmat
ion
from
indi
cato
rs to
hel
p m
ake
your
com
mun
itya
bette
r pl
ace
to li
ve?
1329
SU
MM
AR
Y Q
UE
ST
ION
SB
ase
Gro
up
1. W
hat i
s th
e de
fini
tion
of s
usta
inab
ility
?
2. H
ow c
an s
usta
inab
ility
impr
ove
your
fut
ure?
3. W
hat c
an y
ou d
o to
con
trib
ute
to s
usta
inab
ility
?
4. W
hat c
an y
our
com
mun
ity d
o to
con
trib
ute
to s
usta
inab
ility
?
3914
5. E
xpla
in h
ow th
e fo
llow
ing
stat
emen
ts c
ould
hel
p yo
u de
scri
be th
e co
ncep
t of
sust
aina
bilit
y to
som
eone
who
is u
nfam
iliar
with
the
idea
.
"It i
s th
rift
y to
day
to p
repa
re f
or th
e w
ants
of
tom
orro
w."
-- A
esop
's F
able
s, T
he A
nt a
nd th
e G
rass
hopp
er
"We
are
caug
ht in
an
ines
capa
ble
netw
ork
of m
utua
lity,
tied
in a
sin
gle
garm
ent o
fde
stin
y. W
hate
ver
affe
cts
one
dire
ctly
aff
ects
all
indi
rect
ly."
-- M
artin
Lut
her
Kin
g
Sust
aina
bilit
y is
the
goal
of
"a s
yste
m o
f de
velo
pmen
t tha
t is
ecol
ogic
ally
sou
nd,
econ
omic
ally
pro
fita
ble,
soc
ially
equ
itabl
e an
d po
litic
ally
sup
port
able
."--
Jam
es E
note
, Pue
blo
of H
opi
Con
side
r ea
ch d
ecis
ion'
s im
pact
on
the
seve
nth
gene
ratio
n.--
ada
pted
fro
m a
n Ir
oquo
is N
atio
n pr
inci
ple
31.
SU
ST
AIN
AB
ILIT
Y S
NA
PS
HO
T
33
SUST
AIN
AB
ILIT
YSN
APS
HO
T
Sub
ject
s:en
viro
nmen
tal s
cien
ce, l
angu
age
arts
, soc
ial s
cien
ce, v
isua
l art
s
Voc
abul
ary:
econ
omy,
env
ironm
ent,
soci
ety,
sust
aina
bilit
y
Obj
ectiv
es:
Stu
dent
s w
ill b
e ab
le to
:1)
des
crib
e ho
w e
cono
mic
, soc
ial
and
envi
ronm
enta
l fac
tors
affe
ctsu
stai
nabi
lity.
,; 2)
illu
stra
te th
eco
ncep
t of s
usta
inab
ility
usi
ng a
varie
ty o
f gra
phic
imag
es; a
nd3)
des
crib
e ho
w th
ese
imag
es
repr
esen
t sus
tain
abili
ty.
Met
hod:
Stu
dent
s w
ill c
ompl
ete
a w
ebbi
ngex
erci
se th
at il
lust
rate
s th
elin
kage
s am
ong
econ
omic
, soc
ial
and
envi
ronm
enta
l fac
tors
and
crea
te m
ixed
-med
ia im
ages
that
repr
esen
t the
ir un
ders
tand
ing
ofth
e co
ncep
t of s
usta
inab
ility
.
Mat
eria
ls:
colo
red
chal
k, s
tude
nt p
age
(Sus
tain
abili
ty S
naps
hot)
, pen
cils
,co
lore
d m
arke
rs. s
ciss
ors,
pas
te.
mag
azin
es, n
ewsp
aper
s, p
oste
r-si
ze p
aper
, pho
to c
orne
rs(o
ptio
nal),
cam
era/
film
(op
tiona
l)
34
Bac
kgro
und:
Car
ryin
g ca
paci
ty is
the
mea
sure
of a
n ar
ea's
abi
lity
to s
uppo
rt a
nop
timum
pop
ulat
ion
at a
giv
en le
velo
f nat
ural
res
ourc
e co
nsum
ptio
n an
d
tech
nolo
gy. C
onse
quen
tly,su
stai
nabi
lity
is fu
ndam
enta
l to
pres
ervi
ngth
e ar
ea's
long
-ter
m e
nviro
nmen
talin
tegr
ity a
nd r
enew
able
nat
ural
reso
urce
pro
duct
ivity
.
Sus
tain
abili
ty is
the
goal
of a
sys
tem
ofd
evel
opm
ent t
hat r
ecog
nize
s en
viro
nmen
tal
limits
and
see
ks to
pro
vide
nat
ural
res
ourc
esto
sup
port
curr
ent a
nd fu
ture
gen
erat
ions
in w
ays
that
do
not d
amag
e th
een
viro
nmen
t. A
lthou
gh s
usta
inab
ility
now
is w
idel
y re
cogn
ized
as
a re
quire
men
t
of d
evel
opm
ent,
the
mea
ns fo
rac
hiev
ing
sust
aina
bilit
y se
em e
lusi
ve in
aw
orld
whe
re r
isin
g hu
man
pop
ulat
ion
and
expa
ndin
g na
tura
l res
ourc
e
use
arc
inev
itabl
e.
Sus
tain
abili
ty r
equi
res
thre
e fu
ndam
enta
lch
ange
s. In
divi
dual
beh
avio
r ch
ange
s ar
efir
st. T
hese
mod
ifica
tions
can
be
achi
eved
thro
ugh
educ
a-
tion
and
incl
ude
rede
finin
gde
sira
ble
fam
ily s
ize
and
redu
cing
nat
ural
res
ourc
eco
nsum
ptio
n by
indi
vidu
als.
Sec
ond.
cha
nges
in s
cien
ce a
ndte
chno
logy
are
req
uire
d. M
any
of o
ur c
urre
ntte
chno
logi
es u
se n
atur
al r
esou
rces
inef
ficie
ntly
and
crea
te w
aste
.
Tec
hnol
ogie
s th
at m
imic
nat
ural
sys
tem
sin
thei
r co
nser
vatio
n of
res
ourc
es a
ndin
terr
elat
ions
hips
am
ong
phys
ical
, che
mic
al a
ndbi
olog
ical
proc
esse
s of
fer
the
best
oppo
rtun
ities
to a
chie
ve s
usta
inab
ility
.
Thi
rd a
nd m
ost i
mpo
rtan
tly.
sust
aina
bilit
y re
quire
s ch
ange
s in
the
way
we
view
eco
nom
ic, s
ocia
l and
env
ironm
enta
l sys
tem
sand
how
we
addr
ess
them
thro
ugh
loca
l, st
ate
and
natio
nal g
over
nmen
t pol
icie
s. W
e tr
aditi
onal
lyha
ve v
iew
ed th
ese
syst
ems
as d
iscr
ete
entit
ies.
Acc
ord-
ingl
y, w
e de
sign
ed g
over
nmen
tal
depa
rtm
ents
to a
ddre
ss c
omm
erce
, jus
tice
and
the
envi
ronm
ent,
for
exam
ple.
How
ever
, we
now
reco
gniz
e th
at
issu
es a
s co
mpl
ex a
s co
nser
vatio
nha
ve e
cono
mic
, soc
ial a
nd e
nviro
nmen
talco
mpo
nent
s th
at c
anno
t be
addr
esse
din
depe
nden
tly.
Man
y pe
ople
arg
ue th
at to
achi
eve
sust
aina
bilit
y, th
e en
viro
nmen
t can
not
be v
iew
ed a
s a
com
petin
g in
tere
st w
ithec
onom
ic a
nd s
ocia
l iss
ues.
In
a m
odel
des
igne
d tr
uly
topr
omot
e su
stai
nabi
lity,
the
envi
ronm
ent
mus
t be
view
ed a
s th
e co
mm
ongr
ound
on
whi
ch e
cono
mic
and
soc
ial i
ssue
s
inte
ract
.
Thi
s sh
in fr
om a
hum
an-c
ente
red
appr
oach
to s
usta
inab
ility
will
not
he
repl
aced
easi
ly w
ith a
n en
viro
nmen
t-ce
nter
edap
proa
ch. S
uch
an
appr
oach
thre
aten
s th
e w
ay w
ecu
rren
tly lo
ok a
t lan
d ow
ners
hip
and
priv
ate
prop
erty
right
s. a
mon
g m
any
othe
r in
stitu
tiona
lpr
actic
es.
Alth
ough
we
reco
gniz
e th
at th
e en
viro
nmen
t'sna
tura
l res
ourc
es a
re th
e so
urce
of o
urm
ater
ial w
ealth
, we
have
not
com
e to
grip
s ye
twith
the
idea
that
all
the
plan
et's
res
ourc
es a
re n
otfo
r hu
man
con
sum
ptio
n. S
usta
inab
ility
reco
gniz
es th
at a
ll lif
e fo
rms
mus
t be
cons
erve
d to
prov
ide
dive
rse
natu
ral r
esou
rces
for
the
futu
re.
Val
ues
that
str
engt
hen
dem
ocra
cy, p
rom
ote
hum
an r
ight
s, a
dvan
ce e
nviro
nmen
talju
stic
e, b
uild
res
pect
for
biod
iver
sity
, and
ens
ure
ahi
gh
qual
ity o
f life
in th
e fu
ture
all
are
esse
ntia
lfor
sus
tain
abili
ty.
17
BE
ST
CO
PY
AV
AIL
AB
LE
35"
Proc
edur
e:1.
Iden
tify
a m
ajor
eco
nom
ic a
ctiv
ity -
- no
t a s
peci
fic b
usin
ess
or c
ompa
ny -
- in
you
rco
mm
unity
. Writ
e do
wn
the
activ
ity in
the
cent
er o
f a la
rge
piec
e of
pos
ter
pape
r or
in th
ece
nter
of t
he c
halk
boar
d. E
xam
ples
of e
cono
mic
act
iviti
es in
clud
e fa
rmin
g, m
anuf
actu
ring,
fore
stry
and
fish
ing.
2. C
ondu
ct a
web
bing
exe
rcis
e by
hav
ing
stud
ents
iden
tify
the
prim
ary
econ
omic
, soc
ial
and
envi
ronm
enta
l fac
tors
that
affe
ct o
r ar
e af
fect
ed b
y th
at e
cono
mic
act
ivity
. Diff
eren
tco
lore
d m
arke
rs o
r ch
alk
may
be
used
to d
esig
nate
eco
nom
ic, s
ocia
l and
env
ironm
enta
lfa
ctor
s. T
hen
iden
tify
the
seco
ndar
y ec
onom
ic, s
ocia
l and
env
ironm
enta
l fac
tors
that
affe
ctth
e pr
imar
y fa
ctor
s. Id
entif
y th
ird-
and
four
th-le
vel f
acto
rs if
pos
sibl
e. K
eep
the
idea
ssi
mpl
e an
d do
n't t
ake
time
to m
ake
valu
e ju
dgm
ents
abo
ut th
e fa
ctor
s or
wor
ry a
bout
redu
ndan
cy o
r or
gani
zatio
n. W
hen
you
are
done
, you
sho
uld
have
a d
iagr
am th
at r
efle
cts
the
com
plex
ity a
nd in
terc
onne
cted
ness
of e
cono
mic
, soc
ial a
nd e
nviro
nmen
tal f
acto
rs. (
See
the
web
bing
exe
rcis
e ex
ampl
e in
the
low
er r
ight
cor
ner
of th
is p
age.
)
3. N
ext,
iden
tify
the
natu
ral r
esou
rce
that
is m
ost c
ritic
al o
r m
ost l
ikel
y to
be
in s
hort
est
supp
ly in
the
futu
re fo
r th
e ec
onom
ic a
ctiv
ity d
escr
ibed
in th
e w
ebbi
ng e
xerc
ise.
Writ
e th
ena
me
of th
e na
tura
l res
ourc
e in
the
cent
er o
f a la
rge
piec
e of
pos
ter
pape
r or
in th
e ce
nter
of
the
chal
kboa
rd. E
xam
ples
of k
ey n
atur
al r
esou
rces
incl
ude
fres
hwat
er o
r a
part
icul
arm
iner
al o
r m
etal
use
d in
man
ufac
turin
g.
4. D
o a
seco
nd w
ebbi
ng e
xerc
ise
by h
avin
g st
uden
ts id
entif
y po
ssib
le a
nd/o
r pr
obab
lepr
imar
y ec
onom
ic, s
ocia
l or
envi
ronm
enta
l effe
cts
of th
is n
atur
al r
esou
rce
shor
tage
or
depl
etio
n, a
s w
ell a
s so
me
new
dev
elop
men
ts th
at th
is r
esou
rce
shor
tfall
may
cre
ate
orne
cess
itate
. Thi
nk a
bout
all
of th
e pe
ople
in y
our
com
mun
ity w
ho w
ould
be
affe
cted
by
this
situ
atio
n. T
hen,
as
in S
tep
2, id
entif
y se
cond
-, th
ird-
and
four
th-le
vel e
ffect
s.
5. E
cono
mic
act
iviti
es in
com
mun
ities
acr
oss
the
coun
try
have
bee
n af
fect
ed b
y th
eex
haus
tion
of n
atur
al r
esou
rces
. Sus
tain
abili
ty is
the
goal
of a
sys
tem
of d
evel
opm
ent t
hat
prov
ides
res
ourc
es fo
r cu
rren
t and
futu
re g
ener
atio
ns, w
hile
con
serv
ing
the
envi
ronm
ent.
Hav
e st
uden
ts -
- w
orki
ng in
divi
dual
ly, w
ith a
par
tner
or
in s
mal
l gro
ups
-- s
elec
t ano
ther
econ
omic
act
ivity
in th
eir
com
mun
ity (
or u
se th
e ec
onom
ic a
ctiv
ity fr
om th
e w
ebbi
ngex
erci
se)
and
cond
uct r
esea
rch
to d
eter
min
e w
heth
er it
is s
usta
inab
le in
its
pres
ent s
tate
.W
hat c
an s
tude
nts
chan
ge to
impr
ove
the
activ
ity's
sus
tain
abili
ty?
How
will
thes
e ch
ange
saf
fect
the
mem
bers
of t
he c
omm
unity
, tod
ay a
nd in
the
futu
re?
6. H
ave
stud
ents
find
pic
ture
s in
mag
azin
es o
r ne
wsp
aper
s (o
r cr
eate
thei
r ow
n im
ages
usin
g dr
awin
g m
ater
ials
or
phot
ogra
phy)
that
rep
rese
nt a
"sn
apsh
ot o
f sus
tain
abili
ty"
for
this
eco
nom
ic a
ctiv
ity. S
tude
nts
shou
ld u
se th
eir
crea
tivity
to s
elec
t or
crea
te im
ages
that
show
how
the
econ
omic
act
ivity
cou
ld b
e m
anag
ed s
o th
at it
pro
vide
s be
nefit
s an
d jo
bs fo
rye
ars
into
the
futu
re, w
hile
con
serv
ing
the
envi
ronm
ent a
nd c
ontr
ibut
ing
to th
e w
ell-b
eing
of th
e co
mm
unity
. Hav
e st
uden
ts a
rran
ge th
ese
imag
es a
roun
d th
e su
stai
nabi
lity
snap
shot
grap
hic
or o
n a
piec
e of
pos
ter
pape
r.
7. H
ave
stud
ents
pre
sent
thei
r su
stai
nabi
lity
snap
shot
pro
ject
s to
the
clas
s.
3618
Ext
ensi
ons:
I.H
ave
stud
ents
writ
e to
a lo
cal b
usin
ess
enga
ged
in th
e ec
onom
ic a
ctiv
ity d
epic
ted
in th
est
uden
ts' s
usta
inab
ility
sna
psho
t pro
ject
s. T
hey
may
inqu
ire a
bout
the
sust
aina
bilit
yst
rate
gies
bei
ng u
sed
by th
e bu
sine
ss a
nd o
ffer
to p
rovi
de th
eir
post
ers
for
disp
lay.
2. C
ompl
ete
the
sust
aina
bilit
y sn
apsh
ot a
ctiv
ity u
sing
com
pute
r eq
uipm
ent (
scan
ner,
dig
ital
cam
era,
Inte
rnet
acc
ess,
etc
.) a
nd g
raph
ics
softw
are.
Res
ourc
es:
"A H
ow-t
o G
uide
for
Sus
tain
able
Bus
ines
s,"
by D
avid
New
port
, 199
5, a
vaila
ble
from
the
Env
ironm
enta
l Edu
catio
n F
ound
atio
n of
Flo
rida,
P.O
. Box
106
88, T
alla
hass
ee, F
la. 3
2302
.
"Eco
nom
ic R
enew
al G
uide
: How
to D
evel
op a
Sus
tain
able
Eco
nom
y T
hrou
gh C
omm
unity
Col
labo
ratio
n,"
by M
icha
el J
. Kin
sley
, 199
4, a
vaila
ble
from
the
Roc
ky M
ount
ain
Inst
itute
,17
39 S
now
mas
s C
reek
Roa
d, O
ld S
now
mas
s, C
olo.
816
54.
"To
Ens
ure
the
Nat
ion'
s F
utur
e: S
usta
inab
le D
evel
opm
ent a
nd th
e U
.S. D
epar
tmen
t of
Com
mer
ce,"
199
4, a
vaila
ble
from
the
U.S
. Dep
artm
ent o
f Com
mer
ce, O
ffice
of P
olic
y an
dS
trat
egic
Pla
nnin
g, R
oom
541
5, 1
4th
St.
and
Con
stitu
tion
Ave
. N.W
., W
ashi
ngto
n, D
.C.
2023
0, o
r by
Inte
rnet
e-m
ail:
sdev
@do
c.go
v.
"Tow
ard
Sus
tain
able
Com
mun
ities
," b
y M
ark
Ros
elan
d, 1
992,
ava
ilabl
e fr
om th
e C
anad
ian
Nat
iona
l Rou
nd T
able
on
the
Env
ironm
ent a
nd th
e E
cono
my,
l N
icho
las
St.;
Sui
te 1
500,
Otta
wa,
Ont
ario
KIN
7B
7, C
anad
a.te
mpe
ratu
rD
publ
ic h
eal
wat
er te
mpe
ratu
re
<11
=0
alva
ter
qu it
y
4111
BL
UE
CR
AB
FIS
HE
RY
life
cycl
e &
pop
ulat
Mn
kow
i2:::
)
441:
8=1:
:27°
indu
stri
al h
eavy
met
als
nsm
422=
z,4:
1=06
141)
443:
wat
erm
,V
tou
(boa
t bui
lder
(res
earc
h")
Web
bing
Exe
rcis
e E
xam
ple
37
pred
ator
s
recr
eatio
nalc
rabb
ing
SU
ST
AIN
AB
ILIT
Y S
NA
PS
HO
T
319
39
A P
EE
K A
T T
HE
PA
ST
40
A P
EE
K A
T T
HE
PA
ST
Sub
ject
s:en
viro
nmen
tal s
cien
ce, l
angu
age
arts
, soc
ial s
cien
ce
Voc
abul
ary:
dem
ogra
phic
s, h
uman
res
ourc
es
Obj
ectiv
e:S
tude
nts
will
be
able
to d
escr
ibe
the
qual
ities
of t
heir
com
mun
ities
that
long
time
resi
dent
s be
lieve
are
impo
rtan
t to
rest
ore
or m
aint
ain
asth
e co
mm
uniti
es c
ontin
ue to
chan
ge.
Met
hod:
Stu
dent
s w
ill p
repa
re q
uest
ions
,in
terv
iew
long
time
resi
dent
s of
the
com
mun
ities
in w
hich
they
live
,an
d m
ake
clas
s pr
esen
tatio
ns a
bout
thei
r fin
ding
s.
Mat
eria
ls:
penc
il, p
aper
, tap
e re
cord
er(o
ptio
nal),
vid
eo r
ecor
der
(opt
iona
l), w
ater
and
cup
s, g
uest
nam
e ca
rds
Bac
kgro
und:
Alth
ough
cha
nge
is a
n un
stop
pabl
e na
tura
l pro
cess
,de
velo
pmen
t is
hum
an-d
irect
ed a
nd g
uide
d by
a s
et o
fval
ues.
Dev
elop
men
t may
invo
lve
a
quan
titat
ive
shift
from
one
siz
e to
ano
ther
. It m
ayal
so in
volv
e a
tran
sitio
n in
the
qual
ities
of p
eopl
e's
lives
from
one
sta
te to
ano
ther
.
Qua
ntita
tive
chan
ges
can
be m
easu
red
usin
g da
taab
out p
opul
atio
n si
ze, e
cono
mic
act
ivity
or
envi
ronm
enta
l sta
tus.
Qua
litat
ive
chan
ges
ofte
n
are
mor
e di
fficu
lt to
per
ceiv
ean
d ev
en m
ore
diffi
cult
to m
easu
re. S
usta
inab
ility
,w
hich
may
invo
lve
quan
titat
ive
chan
ge, i
s ab
out
impr
ovin
g
the
qual
ities
of p
eopl
e's
lives
whi
lesi
mul
tane
ousl
y co
nser
ving
the
envi
ronm
ent.
Sus
tain
abili
ty is
not
abo
ut s
usta
inin
g gr
owth
and
incr
easi
ng e
xpec
tatio
ns fo
r na
tura
l res
ourc
e co
nsum
ptio
n,bu
t it a
lso
does
not
pro
mot
e
depr
ivat
ion.
In a
199
4 in
terv
iew
with
the
Izaa
kW
alto
n Le
ague
of A
mer
ica,
Wor
ldw
atch
mag
azin
e au
thor
Ala
n D
urni
ng s
aid
that
, "A
s w
e m
ove
tow
ard
a po
st-c
onsu
mer
soc
iety
, we'
ll fig
ure
out
bette
r w
ays
to d
o th
ings
with
the
reso
urce
s w
e co
nsum
e.W
e'll
mov
e to
a v
isio
n fa
r be
tter
than
anyt
hing
we
can
imag
e rig
ht n
ow b
ecau
se A
mer
ican
s ar
een
orm
ousl
y re
sour
cefu
l peo
ple.
"
"The
bas
ic te
chno
logi
es th
at h
ave
been
aro
und
for
alo
ng ti
me,
com
bine
d w
ith s
ome
new
, adv
ance
dte
chno
logi
es, w
ill p
rovi
de m
any
serv
ices
to
cons
umer
s w
ithou
t usi
ng a
lot o
fres
ourc
es,"
he
said
. "F
or e
xam
ple,
we
mig
ht s
ee a
futu
rew
here
peo
ple
ride
mor
e bi
cycl
es a
nd u
se m
ore
lap-
top
com
pute
rs; w
here
we
have
mor
esa
telli
te d
ishe
s fo
r te
leco
mm
utin
g an
d m
ore
clot
hesl
ines
;w
here
peo
ple
eat f
ewer
hig
h-fa
t foo
ds a
nd li
ve
long
er a
s a
cons
eque
nce;
whe
re w
e w
ould
part
icip
ate
in h
ome
and
com
mun
ity a
ctiv
ities
that
take
time.
"
"Enj
oyin
g tim
e,"
as o
ppos
ed to
"sp
endi
ngtim
e,"
is a
con
cept
that
has
bee
n lo
st in
man
y co
mm
uniti
esw
here
peo
ple
view
tim
e as
mon
ey. T
here
has
been
a r
ecen
t tra
nsiti
on fr
om c
omm
uniti
esin
whi
ch h
appi
ness
was
def
ined
by
a ba
lanc
e of
soc
ial
rela
tions
, wor
k an
d le
isur
e ac
tiviti
es to
com
mun
ities
in w
hich
hap
pine
ss is
mea
sure
d by
mat
eria
lwea
lth a
nd c
aree
r ac
hiev
emen
t. In
fact
, man
y m
embe
rsof
our
com
mun
ities
can
rec
all
times
whe
n so
cial
bon
ds b
etw
een
com
mun
itym
embe
rs w
ere
stro
ng, w
hen
com
mun
ity m
embe
rsde
pend
ed o
n on
e an
othe
r ra
ther
than
on
serv
ices
pur
chas
ed th
roug
h co
mm
erci
al b
usin
esse
s,an
d w
hen
visi
ting
neig
hbor
s, r
egul
arly
sha
ring
fam
ily m
eals
and
sim
ple
conv
ersa
tion,
enric
hed
the
qual
ities
of t
heir
lives
.
The
gol
den
rule
of s
usta
inab
ility
is th
at e
ach
gene
ratio
nsh
ould
mee
t its
nee
ds w
ithou
t jeo
pard
izin
g th
e pr
ospe
cts
for
futu
re g
ener
atio
ns to
mee
t
thei
r ow
n ne
eds.
A fi
rst s
tep
tow
ard
obse
rvin
g th
isru
le is
def
inin
g ne
eds
that
are
mos
t im
port
ant t
o co
mm
unity
mem
bers
. We
can
star
t by
defin
ing
the
qual
ities
of a
com
mun
ity -
- pa
st o
r pr
esen
t --
that
are
wor
th r
esto
ring
or p
rese
rvin
g, th
en d
evel
opin
gst
rate
gies
for
wor
king
colla
bora
tivel
y to
pro
mot
e th
eir
rest
orat
ion
or p
rese
rvat
ion.
BE
ST
CO
PY
AV
AIL
AB
LE
23
at.)
Pro
cedu
re:
1. A
sk s
tude
nts
wha
t the
y th
ink
life
was
like
in th
eir
com
mun
ity 5
0 ye
ars
ago.
Lis
t the
irid
eas
on th
e ch
alkb
oard
or
on a
flip
cha
rt. B
e su
re to
rec
ord
thes
e ob
serv
atio
ns o
n pa
per
for
refl
ectio
n at
the
conc
lusi
on o
f th
is a
ctiv
ity. H
ave
the
stud
ents
thin
k ab
out t
he c
omm
unity
'spo
pula
tion,
bot
h its
siz
e an
d de
mog
raph
ic c
hara
cter
istic
s. W
hat w
ere
the
maj
or b
usin
esse
san
d in
dust
ries
? H
ow d
id p
eopl
e ea
rn a
livi
ng?
How
muc
h of
thei
r w
eekl
y w
ages
wer
e sp
ent
to m
eet b
asic
foo
d, h
ousi
ng, h
ealth
and
edu
catio
n ne
eds?
Wha
t cou
rses
wer
e of
fere
d in
loca
l hig
h sc
hool
s?
2. H
ave
stud
ents
for
m te
ams
or w
ork
grou
ps to
res
earc
h th
ese
idea
s us
ing
loca
l med
iare
sour
ces.
Ask
stu
dent
s to
rep
ort t
heir
fin
ding
s to
the
clas
s.
3. W
hat q
uest
ions
abo
ut li
fe in
thei
r co
mm
unity
wer
e th
e st
uden
ts u
nabl
e to
ans
wer
thro
ugh
thei
r re
sear
ch?
Cou
ld s
ome
of th
ese
ques
tions
be
answ
ered
thro
ugh
inte
rvie
ws
with
peo
ple
who
hav
e liv
ed in
the
com
mun
ity f
or m
any
year
s? W
hat o
ther
que
stio
ns c
ould
the
stud
ents
ask?
Mig
ht d
iffe
rent
res
iden
ts o
f th
e pe
riod
rec
all e
vent
s in
dif
fere
nt w
ays?
4. H
ave
stud
ents
gen
erat
e a
list o
f co
mm
unity
res
iden
ts th
ey k
now
(pa
rent
s, g
rand
pare
nts,
rela
tives
, you
th g
roup
lead
ers,
chu
rch
mem
bers
, bus
ines
s ow
ners
, gov
ernm
ent o
ffic
ials
,et
c.)
who
hav
e liv
ed in
the
com
mun
ity f
or 4
0 to
50
year
s an
d w
ho c
ould
be
inte
rvie
wed
abou
t lif
e in
the
com
mun
ity in
the
past
. Ask
the
stud
ents
to d
ecid
e w
hich
com
mun
ityre
side
nts
to in
vite
to th
e sc
hool
and
be
inte
rvie
wed
abo
ut th
e co
mm
unity
's h
isto
ry. H
ave
stud
ents
wri
te le
tters
of
invi
tatio
n or
dev
elop
an
outli
ne f
or a
tele
phon
e in
vita
tion.
Set
atim
e an
d pl
ace
(pro
babl
y yo
ur c
lass
room
) an
d gi
ve th
e gu
ests
an
idea
abo
ut th
e ki
nds
ofqu
estio
ns th
ey w
ill b
e as
ked.
A b
road
them
e fo
r qu
estio
ns m
ay b
e th
e co
mm
unity
qua
litie
spa
st o
r pr
esen
tth
e gu
ests
bel
ieve
are
mos
t im
port
ant t
o re
stor
e or
pre
serv
e. G
uest
sca
n be
invi
ted
to c
ome
at d
iffe
rent
tim
es, o
r th
ey c
ould
be
inte
rvie
wed
as
part
of
a pa
nel.
Ask
the
gues
ts f
or a
littl
e bi
t of
info
rmat
ion
abou
t the
mse
lves
in a
dvan
ce s
o th
e st
uden
tsca
n in
trod
uce
them
at t
he b
egin
ning
of
the
mee
ting.
5. P
repa
re f
or th
e m
eetin
g by
hav
ing
stud
ents
: ide
ntif
y to
pics
for
dis
cuss
ion;
det
erm
ine
how
man
y qu
estio
ns c
an b
e as
ked
in th
e tim
e al
lotte
d fo
r th
e m
eetin
g; d
evel
op q
uest
ions
; and
iden
tify
whi
ch g
uest
s th
e qu
estio
ns w
ill b
e di
rect
ed to
war
d. D
evel
op a
mee
ting
agen
da w
itha
spec
ific
tim
e sc
hedu
le th
at in
clud
es in
trod
uctio
ns o
f th
e gu
ests
, the
teac
her
and
the
clas
s, a
pres
enta
tion
by a
cla
ss m
embe
r ab
out t
he p
roje
ct, t
ime
for
ques
tions
and
ans
wer
s, a
ndcl
osin
g re
mar
ks a
nd th
ank
yous
. Ide
ntif
y a
stud
ent t
o ho
st th
e m
eetin
g. T
his
stud
ent s
houl
dbe
res
pons
ible
for
kee
ping
the
clas
s on
task
and
mak
ing
sure
that
eve
ryon
e ke
eps
with
in th
eal
loca
ted
time
for
each
par
t of
the
agen
da. D
ecid
e in
adv
ance
if th
e m
eetin
g w
ill b
ere
cord
ed o
n au
dio
or v
ideo
tape
or
if s
tude
nts
are
goin
g to
take
not
es. M
ake
the
appr
opri
ate
arra
ngem
ents
to r
eser
ve th
e ne
eded
sup
plie
s. Y
ou m
ay in
vite
sch
ool a
dmin
istr
ator
s or
loca
lgo
vern
men
t rep
rese
ntat
ives
to b
e pa
rt o
f th
e au
dien
ce. H
ave
stud
ents
mak
e na
me
card
s fo
rth
e gu
ests
and
ass
ign
stud
ents
to g
reet
the
gues
ts th
e da
y of
the
mee
ting.
6. C
ondu
ct th
e m
eetin
g. M
ake
sure
stu
dent
s ar
e pr
epar
ed a
nd u
nder
stan
d th
eir
role
s. S
et u
pth
e ro
om s
o th
e gu
ests
are
com
fort
able
and
can
see
all
of th
e st
uden
ts. H
ave
assi
gned
stud
ents
gre
et th
e gu
ests
at t
he v
isito
r si
gn-i
n ar
ea o
f yo
ur s
choo
l and
esc
ort t
hem
to th
e
24
44
mee
ting
loca
tion.
Pro
vide
wat
er a
nd d
rink
ing
glas
ses
for
the
gues
ts. O
ther
ref
resh
men
ts a
reop
tiona
l. H
ave
the
stud
ent h
ost b
egin
by
revi
ewin
g th
e ag
enda
, set
ting
grou
nd r
ules
for
gues
ts' r
espo
nses
(in
clud
ing
time
limits
for
res
pons
es)
and
the
audi
ence
's q
uest
ions
, the
nas
king
the
desi
gnat
ed s
tude
nts
to in
trod
uce
the
gues
ts. T
he h
ost s
houl
d m
ake
sure
the
agen
da r
emai
ns o
n sc
hedu
le a
nd s
houl
d be
tact
ful b
ut f
orce
ful i
n ke
epin
g th
e in
terv
iew
with
in th
e de
sign
ated
tim
e. R
unni
ng o
ver
time
is u
nfai
r to
stu
dent
s w
ho c
anno
t ask
thei
rqu
estio
ns b
ecau
se ti
me
has
run
out.
It's
als
o un
fair
to g
uest
s w
ho m
ay h
ave
othe
r co
mm
it-m
ents
. Con
clud
e th
e m
eetin
g by
pro
vidi
ng th
e gu
ests
with
a f
ew m
omen
ts to
mak
e cl
osin
gre
mar
ks (
if th
ey c
hoos
e) a
nd b
y th
anki
ng th
em f
or th
eir
part
icip
atio
n.
7. A
fter
the
mee
ting,
hav
e st
uden
ts d
iscu
ss o
r w
rite
abo
ut w
hat t
hey
lear
ned
abou
t the
irco
mm
unity
. Is
wha
t stu
dent
s fo
und
out d
iffe
rent
fro
m o
r si
mila
r to
the
item
s on
the
list t
hey
gene
rate
d be
fore
the
mee
ting?
Did
the
gues
ts' r
emar
ks c
hang
e th
e st
uden
ts' v
iew
s of
thei
rco
mm
uniti
es?
If s
o, h
ow?
Wha
t did
stu
dent
s le
arn
from
thei
r gu
ests
abo
ut m
akin
g th
eir
com
mun
ities
bet
ter
plac
es to
live
?
8. W
rite
than
k-yo
u le
tters
to th
e in
vite
d gu
ests
.
Ext
ensi
ons:
1. H
ave
stud
ents
des
ign
visu
al p
rese
ntat
ions
abo
ut th
e co
mm
unity
qua
litie
s th
ey f
eel a
rem
ost w
orth
res
tori
ng o
r pr
eser
ving
in th
eir
com
mun
ity. D
ispl
ay th
e po
ster
s in
the
clas
sroo
mor
in a
noth
er p
ublic
pla
ce.
Res
ourc
es:
"How
Muc
h is
Eno
ugh?
," b
y A
lan
Dum
ing,
199
2, a
vaila
ble
from
Wor
ldw
atch
Ins
titut
e,17
76 M
assa
chus
etts
Ave
. N.W
., W
ashi
ngto
n, D
.C. 2
0036
.
"The
Exp
erie
nce
of P
lace
," b
y T
ony
His
s, 1
990,
pub
lishe
d by
Ran
dom
Hou
se, N
ew Y
ork,
N.Y
.
45
))10
---
I A
mt.
LO
OK
ING
AH
EA
D
47
LOO
KIN
G A
HE
AD
Sub
ject
s:en
viro
nmen
tal s
cien
ce, l
angu
age
arts
, soc
ial s
cien
ce
Voc
abul
ary:
scen
ario
, vis
ioni
ng
Obj
ectiv
es:
Stud
ents
will
be
able
to: 1
) m
ake
pred
ictio
ns a
bout
life
in th
e fu
ture
,2)
wri
te a
bout
an
idea
l day
in th
eir
life
20 y
ears
in th
e fu
ture
,3)
iden
tify
forc
es th
at m
ayth
reat
en o
r en
hanc
e th
eir
visi
onfo
r th
e fu
ture
, 4)
sugg
est w
ays
they
cou
ld m
inim
ize
thes
e th
reat
san
d pr
omot
e th
e po
sitiv
e fo
rces
,an
d 5)
app
reci
ate
dive
rse
hope
san
d as
pira
tions
as
a to
ol f
orde
velo
ping
pro
activ
e ac
tion
stra
tegi
es.
Met
hod:
Stud
ents
will
wor
k in
divi
dual
lyan
d co
oper
ativ
ely
in s
mal
l gro
ups
to c
ompl
ete
a vi
sion
ing
exer
cise
.T
hey
will
sha
re th
eir
resu
lts w
ithth
e cl
ass.
Mat
eria
ls:
inde
x ca
rds
(or
3- b
y 5-
inch
pie
ces
of r
ecyc
led
pape
r), m
aski
ng ta
pe,
penc
ils, p
aper
48
Bac
kgro
und:
A d
elin
eatin
g ch
arac
teri
stic
of
envi
ronm
enta
l edu
catio
n fo
r su
stai
nabi
lity
is th
e va
lue
it pl
aces
on
mak
ing
deci
sion
s th
at f
ully
acc
ount
for
the
need
s of
fut
ure
gene
ratio
ns. T
radi
tiona
l env
iron
men
tal e
duca
tion
focu
ses
on s
olvi
ng e
nvir
onm
enta
l pro
blem
s af
ter
they
hav
e oc
curr
ed.
Env
iron
men
tal e
duca
tion
for
sust
aina
bilit
y fo
cuse
s on
the
proa
ctiv
e im
prov
emen
t of
the
futu
re e
nvir
onm
ent w
ith a
n em
phas
is o
n pr
ovid
ing
for
hum
an n
eeds
with
in a
n en
viro
nmen
t-ce
nter
ed f
ram
ewor
k.
Mos
t fut
ure-
orie
nted
thin
king
is u
nder
take
n by
pro
fess
iona
l eco
nom
ists
, lan
d pl
anne
rs, s
cien
tists
and
pol
icy
anal
ysts
. Our
soc
iety
's v
isio
n of
its
futu
re p
lays
a p
ower
ful r
ole
in s
hapi
ng d
ecis
ions
abo
ut th
e w
ay w
e liv
e, th
e ty
pes
of a
vaila
ble
empl
oym
ent,
and
the
way
we
spen
d ou
r tim
ew
hen
not a
t wor
k. O
ur v
isio
n of
the
futu
re h
as c
hang
ed d
ram
atic
ally
dur
ing
the
past
20
year
s. T
echn
olog
y ha
s ad
vanc
ed, s
yste
ms
of g
over
n-m
ent h
ave
chan
ged,
and
our
nat
iona
l sec
urity
has
bee
n ch
alle
nged
. Wor
ld p
opul
atio
n ha
s gr
own
expo
nent
ially
, and
the
envi
ronm
ent h
as b
een
alte
red
on a
glo
bal l
evel
.
As
thes
e ch
ange
s em
erge
, it i
s be
com
ing
evid
ent t
hat t
hose
res
pons
ible
for
sha
ping
our
fut
ure
are
prep
ared
to a
ddre
ss th
e sc
ient
ific
and
tech
nolo
gica
l cha
nges
that
may
take
pla
ce. H
owev
er, t
hey
are
not a
s w
ell p
repa
red
for,
or
as w
illin
g to
add
ress
, the
cul
tura
l and
soc
ial c
hang
esth
at w
ill s
hape
our
fut
ure.
Stud
ents
' exp
ecta
tions
for
the
futu
re a
re s
hape
d by
eve
nts
happ
enin
g ar
ound
them
. Tod
ay, w
orld
issu
es li
ke p
oliti
cal i
nsec
urity
, pov
erty
, hun
ger
and
clim
ate
chan
ge a
re s
hapi
ng b
leak
vie
ws
of th
e fu
ture
. Loc
al is
sues
like
cri
me,
une
mpl
oym
ent,
pollu
tion,
rac
ism
and
hom
eles
snes
s ar
eha
ving
a s
imila
r ef
fect
. Thi
s ge
nera
lly h
as le
ad to
few
exp
ecta
tions
for
a f
utur
e th
at is
bet
ter
than
the
pres
ent.
Thi
s ki
nd o
f th
inki
ng d
rive
sth
e
purs
uit o
f sh
ort-
term
ben
efits
that
cha
ract
eriz
e a
rang
e of
env
iron
men
tally
, soc
ially
and
eco
nom
ical
ly h
arm
ful a
ctiv
ities
.
Vis
ioni
ng -
- pr
ojec
ting
the
posi
tive
and
nega
tive
aspe
cts
of li
fe a
t som
e tim
e in
the
futu
re -
- is
an
impo
rtan
t too
l for
ach
ievi
ng s
usta
inab
ility
.N
egat
ive
forc
es c
an b
e ad
dres
sed
proa
ctiv
ely
by id
entif
ying
the
forc
es th
at m
ay th
reat
en o
r en
hanc
e th
e fu
ture
and
dev
elop
ing
a pr
efer
red
scen
ario
. Sim
ilarl
y, a
sset
s ca
n be
iden
tifie
d an
d de
velo
ped
to e
nhan
ce th
e pr
ospe
cts
of li
fe f
or c
urre
nt a
nd f
utur
e ge
nera
tions
.
Stud
ents
hea
r an
d re
ad a
bout
oth
er p
eopl
e's
visi
ons
of th
e fu
ture
mor
e th
an th
ey ta
lk o
r w
rite
abo
ut th
eir
own.
Vis
ioni
ng a
nd s
cena
rio
deve
lop-
men
t are
eff
ectiv
e to
ols
for
initi
atin
g pr
oact
ive,
issu
e-ba
sed
lear
ning
. The
se a
ctiv
ities
pro
vide
use
ful f
irst
ste
ps in
iden
tifyi
ng to
pics
that
are
rele
vant
to s
tude
nts
and
thei
r ho
pes
and
aspi
ratio
ns. F
rom
this
poi
nt, t
he p
roce
ss o
f re
sear
chin
g an
issu
e, s
eeki
ng s
olut
ions
, car
ryin
g ou
t act
ions
,an
d ev
alua
ting
the
impa
ct o
f th
ese
actio
ns b
ecom
es m
ore
mea
ning
ful a
nd e
ffec
tive.
2749
Proc
edur
e:1.
Pas
s ou
t thr
ee to
fiv
e in
dex
card
s (o
r 3-
by
5-in
ch p
iece
s of
rec
ycle
d pa
per)
to e
ach
stud
ent,
depe
ndin
g on
the
size
of
the
clas
s an
d th
e tim
e av
aila
ble
for
this
act
ivity
. On
each
card
, hav
e st
uden
ts w
rite
one
ass
umpt
ion
abou
t wha
t lif
e w
ill b
e lik
e 20
yea
rs f
rom
now
.Fo
r ex
ampl
e, a
stu
dent
cou
ld w
rite
, "T
here
will
be
few
er p
arks
." N
ote
that
thes
e as
sum
ptio
nal
so m
ay b
e po
sitiv
e. F
or e
xam
ple,
a s
tude
nt c
ould
wri
te, "
Our
com
mun
ity w
ill s
et a
side
addi
tiona
l lan
d to
be
pres
erve
d as
par
ks."
2. C
olle
ct th
e ca
rds.
Ran
dom
ly p
ass
out t
he c
ards
to th
e st
uden
ts, o
ne b
y on
e. H
ave
them
read
a c
ard
to th
e cl
ass.
With
hel
p fr
om th
e cl
ass,
gro
up th
e ca
rds
abou
t rel
ated
ass
umpt
ions
as th
ey a
re r
ead.
Tap
e th
e ca
rds
on th
e w
all i
n th
eir
subj
ect g
roup
ings
. The
gro
upin
gssh
ould
be
plac
ed in
par
alle
l hor
izon
tal r
ows.
For
exa
mpl
e, o
ne g
roup
ing
that
may
em
erge
may
be
posi
tive
assu
mpt
ions
abo
ut th
e en
viro
nmen
t. A
noth
er g
roup
ing
may
be
nega
tive
assu
mpt
ions
abo
ut th
e ec
onom
y.
3. R
evie
w th
e as
sum
ptio
ns a
nd th
e gr
oupi
ngs.
4. P
ass
out a
noth
er in
dex
card
(or
3-
by 5
-inc
h pi
ece
of r
ecyc
led
pape
r) to
eac
h st
uden
t.H
ave
them
wri
te v
isio
n st
atem
ents
--
a th
ree-
to f
ive-
sent
ence
par
agra
ph a
bout
wha
t a g
ood
day
in th
eir
life
wou
ld b
e lik
e 20
yea
rs f
rom
now
.
5. C
olle
ct th
e ca
rds.
Ran
dom
ly p
ass
out t
he v
isio
n ca
rds,
one
per
stu
dent
. Hav
e ea
chst
uden
t rea
d a
card
and
line
up
the
card
s in
a h
oriz
onta
l row
, to
the
righ
t of
and
belo
w th
ero
ws
of th
e as
sum
ptio
n ca
rds.
Dis
cuss
how
eac
h as
sum
ptio
n su
bjec
t gro
upin
g m
ay p
rom
ote
or th
reat
en a
vis
ion.
6. H
ave
the
stud
ents
ret
riev
e th
eir
own
visi
on c
ards
and
wri
te a
bout
the
clas
s's
idea
s.St
uden
ts c
an w
rite
abo
ut th
e ac
tions
they
cou
ld ta
ke to
pro
mot
e th
e vi
sion
s an
d m
inim
ize
orel
imin
ate
the
thre
ats.
7. H
ave
stud
ents
sha
re th
ese
actio
n id
eas
with
the
clas
s.
Ext
ensi
ons:
1. A
sk th
e cl
ass
to li
st th
e cu
rren
t str
engt
hs a
nd w
eakn
esse
s of
our
env
iron
men
tal,
soci
alan
d ec
onom
ic s
yste
ms
and
iden
tify
way
s th
ey m
ay a
ffec
t the
stu
dent
s' a
ctio
n id
eas.
Dis
cuss
how
thes
e co
uld
be c
hang
ed.
2. H
ave
stud
ents
wri
te e
xpan
ded
indi
vidu
al v
isio
n st
atem
ents
. Ask
them
to il
lust
rate
thes
est
atem
ents
in a
pos
ter,
oth
er v
isua
l med
ia, o
r th
roug
h m
usic
.
5028
Res
ourc
es:
"Exp
lori
ng th
e Fu
ture
: A M
issi
ng D
imen
sion
in E
nvir
onm
enta
l Edu
catio
n,"
by D
avid
Hic
ks a
nd C
athi
e H
olde
n, 1
995,
pub
lishe
d in
Env
iron
men
tal E
duca
tion
Res
earc
h, V
ol. 1
,N
o. 2
, Oxf
ord,
Uni
ted
Kin
gdom
.
"Sec
urin
g Y
our
Futu
re: P
athw
ays
to C
omm
unity
Sus
tain
abili
ty,"
by
Ben
Hre
n, N
ick
Bar
tolo
meo
and
Mic
hael
Sig
ner,
199
4, a
vaila
ble
from
the
Izaa
k W
alto
n L
eagu
e of
Am
eric
a,70
7 C
onse
rvat
ion
Lan
e, G
aith
ersb
urg,
Md.
208
78.
"Sta
te o
f th
e C
omm
unity
," 1
993,
ava
ilabl
e fr
om th
e Su
stai
nabl
e C
omm
unity
Rou
ndta
ble,
2129
Bet
hel S
t. N
.E.,
Oly
mpi
a, W
ash.
985
06.
51
MO
NIT
OR
ING
SU
STA
INA
BIL
ITY
MO
NIT
OR
ING
SU
ST
AIN
AB
ILIT
Y
Sub
ject
s:en
viro
nmen
tal s
cien
ce, l
angu
age
arts
, mat
h, s
ocia
l sci
ence
Voc
abul
ary:
indi
cato
r, m
onito
r, p
er c
apita
Obj
ectiv
e:St
uden
ts w
ill b
e ab
le to
def
ine
anin
dica
tor
and
iden
tify
seve
ral
indi
cato
rs th
at c
an b
e m
onito
red
inth
eir
com
mun
ity u
sing
ava
ilabl
eda
ta.
Met
hod:
Stud
ents
will
con
duct
a c
omm
u-ni
ty s
usta
inab
ility
mon
itori
ngpr
ojec
t and
rep
ort t
heir
fin
ding
s to
thei
r cl
ass
and
com
mun
ity.
Mat
eria
ls:
penc
il, s
tude
nt p
ages
(C
omm
unity
Sust
aina
bilit
y In
dica
tors
), p
oste
rbo
ard,
col
ored
mar
kers
54
Bac
kgro
und:
"Bui
ldin
g a
sust
aina
ble
soci
ety
does
not
mea
nre
vert
ing
to a
pri
miti
ve e
xist
ence
," w
rote
Dan
iel D
.Chi
ras,
aut
hor
of th
e 19
92 b
ook,
"L
esso
ns
from
Nat
ure.
" "T
he c
halle
nge
is to
fin
d a
new
syn
thes
isth
at m
elds
the
wis
dom
of
natu
re w
ith h
uman
inst
itutio
nsan
d te
chno
logi
es a
nd
lifes
tyle
s."
All
acro
ss th
e na
tion,
com
mun
ities
are
bec
omin
gin
volv
ed in
the
effo
rt to
fin
d th
is n
ew s
ynth
esis
. The
y've
unde
rtak
en p
roje
cts
to r
ecyc
le
was
tes,
sta
biliz
e po
pula
tion,
impr
ove
ener
gyef
fici
ency
and
res
tore
and
con
serv
e na
tura
l lan
dsca
pes.
Alth
ough
thes
e in
divi
dual
act
iviti
es c
an't
guar
ante
e su
stai
nabi
lity,
toge
ther
they
can
help
mov
e a
com
mun
ity to
war
d th
at g
oal.
One
way
to k
now
if y
our
com
mun
ity's
activ
ities
are
pro
mot
ing
sust
aina
bilit
y is
to c
ondu
ct a
com
mun
itysu
stai
nabi
lity
mon
itori
ng p
roje
ct.
Wha
t is
sust
aina
bilit
y? T
he I
zaak
Wal
ton
Lea
gue
of A
mer
ica
defi
nes
sust
aina
bilit
y as
the
goal
of
a sy
stem
of d
evel
opm
ent t
hat m
eets
the
basi
c
need
s of
all
peop
le w
ithou
t com
prom
isin
g th
e ab
ility
off
utur
e ge
nera
tions
to m
eet t
heir
ow
n lif
e-su
stai
ning
nee
ds.
Seat
tle, W
ash.
, whi
ch h
as a
wel
l-es
tabl
ishe
d co
mm
unity
sus
tain
abili
ty e
ffor
t, ch
arac
teri
zes
it as
"lo
ng -
term
cul
tura
l, ec
onom
ic a
nd e
nvir
onm
enta
lhea
lth a
nd v
italit
y."
The
se d
efin
ition
s st
rive
to b
alan
ce e
nvir
onm
enta
l, so
cial
and
econ
omic
issu
es in
all
deci
sion
-mak
ing
activ
ities
. With
urb
anfo
rest
s, f
or e
xam
ple,
we
mus
t con
side
r th
e ab
ility
of
tree
s to
abso
rb c
arbo
n fr
om th
e ai
r an
d th
eir
role
in r
esto
ring
bea
uty,
econ
omic
val
ue a
nd r
ecre
atio
nal o
ppor
tuni
-
ties
to c
ity s
ettin
gs. S
imila
rly,
whe
n ad
dres
sing
con
cern
sab
out c
hild
hea
lth, w
e m
ust c
onsi
der
child
ren'
s ac
cess
to a
ffor
dabl
emed
ical
car
e an
d
prop
er n
utri
tion
and
the
pote
ntia
l im
pact
of p
ollu
tant
s an
d en
viro
nmen
tal t
oxin
s.
Alth
ough
man
y pr
ojec
ts m
ay c
ontr
ibut
e to
com
mun
itysu
stai
nabi
lity,
it's
dif
ficu
lt to
kno
w w
hich
are
mos
t eff
ectiv
e. T
oad
dres
s th
is p
robl
em,
Seat
tle a
nd o
ther
com
mun
ities
nat
ionw
ide
have
initi
ated
eff
orts
to m
easu
re a
nd g
uide
com
mun
ity s
usta
inab
ility
by u
sing
indi
cato
rs.
Dif
fere
nt c
omm
uniti
es' i
ndic
ator
s m
ay b
e va
ried
, but
they
are
gui
ded
by a
com
mon
eth
ic. A
s de
scri
bed
by C
hira
s,th
is e
thic
hol
ds th
at "
the
Ear
th h
as a
lim
ited
supp
ly o
f na
tura
l res
ourc
es a
ndth
at th
ey're
not
all
for
hum
an b
eing
s; h
uman
s ar
e pa
rt o
f na
ture
, not
apa
rtfr
om it
and
not
imm
une
to it
s la
ws;
suc
cess
ste
ms
from
eff
orts
to c
oope
rate
with
the
forc
es o
f na
ture
, not
dom
inat
e th
em; a
nd a
ll lif
ede
pend
s on
mai
ntai
ning
a
heal
thy,
wel
l-fu
nctio
ning
eco
syst
em."
Com
mun
ity S
usta
inab
ility
Mon
itori
ngE
very
com
mun
ity is
com
plex
, con
sist
ing
of e
nvir
onm
enta
l,so
cial
and
eco
nom
ic s
yste
ms
that
inte
ract
with
eac
h ot
her.
To
mea
sure
sus
tain
abili
ty w
ith a
min
imum
of
time,
mon
eyan
d la
bor,
com
mun
ities
are
usi
ng in
dica
tors
. The
se a
re "
bits
of in
form
atio
n th
at
refl
ect t
he s
tatu
s of
larg
e sy
stem
s,"
acco
rdin
g to
Sus
tain
able
Seat
tle. "
The
y ar
e a
way
of
seei
ng th
e 'b
ig p
ictu
re' b
y lo
okin
g at
asm
alle
r pi
ece
of
it. T
hey
tell
us w
hich
dir
ectio
n a
syst
em is
goi
ng: u
p or
dow
n, f
orw
ard
or b
ackw
ard,
get
ting
bette
r or
wor
se, o
r st
ayin
gth
e sa
me.
"
A s
et o
f in
dica
tors
can
pro
vide
a w
ide
rang
e of
info
rmat
ion.
For
exam
ple,
an
emer
ging
Por
tland
, Ore
., su
stai
nabi
lity
plan
incl
udes
indi
cato
rs
mea
suri
ng e
very
thin
g fr
om th
e pe
rcen
tage
of
the
popu
latio
nth
at p
erfo
rms
volu
ntee
r w
ork
to g
asol
ine
cons
umpt
ion
per
pers
on.
31
The
re a
re s
ever
al d
iffe
rent
kin
ds o
f in
dica
tors
. Som
e ca
n be
mea
sure
d di
rect
ly b
y us
ing
offi
cial
sou
rces
, suc
h as
gov
ernm
ent d
ata.
Oth
ers
are
base
d on
phy
sica
l mea
sure
men
tsci
tizen
s m
ust p
erfo
rm th
emse
lves
, suc
h as
dat
a co
llect
ed in
str
eam
mon
itori
ng p
rogr
ams.
Still
oth
er in
dica
tors
can
be
mea
sure
d on
ly th
roug
h co
mm
unity
sur
veys
. All
indi
cato
rsse
lect
ed f
or th
is m
onito
ring
pro
ject
can
be
mea
sure
d us
ing
offi
cial
sou
rces
, suc
h as
gove
rnm
ent d
ata.
Dif
fere
nt c
ities
des
crib
e th
eir
indi
cato
rs in
dif
fere
nt w
ays.
For
exa
mpl
e, P
ortla
nd a
ndM
ultn
omah
cou
ntie
s in
Ore
gon
have
ass
embl
ed a
che
cklis
t of
thei
r in
dica
tors
' im
port
ant
char
acte
rist
ics:
1) R
esul
ts. W
here
pos
sibl
e, in
dica
tors
sho
uld
mea
sure
res
ults
(fo
r ex
ampl
e, a
dult
liter
acy
rate
s) r
athe
r th
an e
ffor
ts (
such
as
the
amou
nt o
f m
oney
spe
nt o
n lit
erac
y ed
ucat
ion)
. Res
ults
mea
sure
ach
ieve
men
t mor
e ac
cura
tely
than
dat
a ab
out p
rogr
ams
and
expe
nditu
res.
By
focu
sing
on
and
keep
ing
trac
k of
res
ults
, the
com
mun
ity le
arns
wha
t wor
ks a
nd a
djus
ts it
spr
ogra
ms
acco
rdin
gly.
2) C
ompa
rabi
lity.
Com
mun
ities
sho
uld
be a
ble
to c
ompa
re th
eir
indi
cato
rs w
ith o
nean
othe
r. T
his
requ
ires
usi
ng s
tand
ard
mea
sure
men
ts a
nd m
akin
g da
ta e
asy
to u
nder
stan
d.
3) L
ong-
rang
e re
liabi
lity.
Ind
icat
ors
shou
ld b
e re
liabl
e fo
r up
to tw
o de
cade
s or
mor
e.T
his
is a
typi
cal t
ime
fram
e fo
r st
rate
gic
plan
ning
.
4) A
cces
sibi
lity.
Ind
icat
or d
ata
shou
ld b
e re
lativ
ely
easy
to g
athe
r an
d an
alyz
e at
reg
ular
inte
rval
s (a
yea
r, tw
o ye
ars,
fiv
e ye
ars)
.
5) D
ocum
enta
tion.
Ind
icat
ors
shou
ld c
ome
from
rel
iabl
e so
urce
s, s
uch
as o
ffic
ial r
ecor
dsor
com
mis
sion
ed r
esea
rch.
It i
s he
lpfu
l to
add
endn
otes
or
foot
note
s to
indi
cato
rs to
giv
ere
ader
s ad
ditio
nal i
nfor
mat
ion
and
mea
sure
men
t cri
teri
a.
Mos
t of
the
follo
win
g 12
indi
cato
rs f
or m
onito
ring
com
mun
ity s
usta
inab
ility
com
e fr
omm
unic
ipal
sus
tain
abili
ty p
lans
for
Jac
kson
ville
, Fla
.; L
ake
Tah
oe, N
ev.;
Port
land
, Ore
.; an
dO
lym
pia
and
Seat
tle, W
ash.
Oth
ers
com
e fr
om th
e M
inne
sota
Sus
tain
able
Dev
elop
men
tIn
itiat
ive
or w
ere
deve
lope
d by
the
staf
f of
the
Izaa
k W
alto
n L
eagu
e of
Am
eric
a's
Car
ryin
gC
apac
ity P
roje
ct.
Som
e in
dica
tors
may
be
irre
leva
nt f
or c
erta
in r
egio
ns. F
or e
xam
ple,
the
acre
s of
for
est l
and
indi
cato
r ob
viou
sly
does
not
app
ly to
a d
eser
t reg
ion.
Dat
a fo
r ea
ch in
dica
tor
can
beob
tain
ed f
rom
var
ious
loca
l or
fede
ral g
over
nmen
tal a
genc
ies
and
nonp
rofi
t gro
ups,
and
sugg
estio
ns a
re in
clud
ed a
bout
peo
ple
to c
onta
ct f
or in
form
atio
n.
5632
Sele
cted
Com
mun
ity S
usta
inab
ility
Ind
icat
ors
Tot
al p
opul
atio
n w
ith a
nnua
l gro
wth
rat
ePe
rcen
t of
popu
latio
n 18
and
old
er v
otin
g in
ele
ctio
nsPe
rcen
t of
stud
ents
rec
eivi
ng f
orm
al e
nvir
onm
enta
l edu
catio
nPe
rcen
t of
stud
ents
rec
eivi
ng p
opul
atio
n ed
ucat
ion
Poun
ds o
f so
lid w
aste
land
fille
d pe
r ca
pita
per
yea
rE
lect
rici
ty c
onsu
mpt
ion
from
non
rene
wab
le s
ourc
es p
er c
apita
per
yea
rD
ays
with
the
Air
Qua
lity
Inde
x (A
QI)
in th
e go
od r
ange
Acr
es o
f la
nd a
vaila
ble
for
agri
cultu
rePe
rcen
tage
of
sam
ples
per
yea
r of
riv
ers
and
stre
ams
mee
ting
U.S
. Env
iron
men
tal
Prot
ectio
n A
genc
y in
-str
eam
wat
er q
ualit
y st
anda
rds
Acr
es o
f na
tura
l, re
stor
ed a
nd h
uman
-cre
ated
wet
land
sA
cres
of
fore
stla
ndB
iodi
vers
ity a
s m
easu
red
by th
e nu
mbe
r of
spe
cies
in a
n an
nual
bir
d co
unt
Pro
cedu
re:
I. O
rgan
ize
the
stud
ents
into
12
grou
ps. B
egin
by
disc
ussi
ng th
e de
fini
tion
of a
n in
dica
tor,
wha
t it i
ndic
ates
, and
how
it c
an b
e us
ed. D
efin
e th
e ge
ogra
phic
bou
ndar
y of
you
r co
mm
u-ni
ty w
ithin
whi
ch y
ou w
ill c
olle
ct in
dica
tor
data
. Ran
dom
ly d
istr
ibut
e on
e co
mm
unity
sust
aina
bilit
y in
dica
tor
stud
ent p
age
to e
ach
grou
p. H
ave
each
gro
up w
ork
quie
tly to
rea
dth
e st
uden
t pag
e an
d pr
epar
e to
rep
ort b
ack
to th
e cl
ass
abou
t why
the
indi
cato
r w
asse
lect
ed b
y th
e au
thor
and
how
it c
an b
e m
easu
red.
(N
ote:
If
clas
s m
embe
rs d
ecid
e an
indi
cato
r ca
nnot
be
mea
sure
d in
thei
r co
mm
unity
, i.e
. the
com
mun
ity is
in a
des
ert a
rea
and
ther
e ar
e no
tree
s, h
ave
stud
ents
elim
inat
e th
ese
indi
cato
rs. R
eass
ign
stud
ents
to r
emai
ning
grou
ps. D
o no
t rem
ove
an in
dica
tor
beca
use
the
data
poi
nt is
exp
ecte
d to
hav
e a
low
val
ue.)
2. C
omm
unity
sus
tain
abili
ty in
dica
tors
may
be
clas
sifi
ed a
s ec
onom
ic, e
nvir
onm
enta
l or
soci
al. R
evie
w th
e de
fini
tion
for
each
cla
ssif
icat
ion
(giv
en b
elow
) an
d de
cide
as
a cl
ass
how
each
of
the
sele
cted
com
mun
ity s
usta
inab
ility
indi
cato
rs c
an b
e cl
assi
fied
. Exp
lain
why
.N
ote
that
all
the
indi
cato
rs a
re, i
n pa
rt, i
nflu
ence
d by
and
link
ed to
eco
nom
ic, e
nvir
onm
en-
tal a
nd s
ocia
l fac
tors
.
econ
omic
indi
cato
r -
an in
dica
tor
that
mea
sure
s ec
onom
ic v
italit
y, d
iver
sity
, sec
urity
and
equi
ty
envi
ronm
enta
l ind
icat
or -
an
indi
cato
r th
at m
easu
res
the
abili
ty o
f an
eco
syst
em to
fun
ctio
nef
fect
ivel
y
soci
al in
dica
tor
- an
indi
cato
r th
at m
easu
res
the
effe
ctiv
enes
s of
pro
gram
s th
at a
ddre
sspo
pula
tion,
civ
ic p
artic
ipat
ion,
hea
lth, e
duca
tion
and
wel
fare
5"
3. H
ave
each
gro
up c
ondu
ct r
esea
rch
to d
eter
min
e th
e da
ta p
oint
for
its
indi
cato
r. T
his
may
invo
lve
calli
ng lo
cal g
over
nmen
t age
ncie
s or
off
ices
or
usin
g re
sour
ces
avai
labl
e in
a lo
cal
or r
egio
nal l
ibra
ry. A
sk e
ach
grou
p to
rep
ort i
ts d
ata
poin
t to
the
clas
s an
d pr
ovid
e do
cu-
men
tatio
n ab
out h
ow th
e da
ta p
oint
was
obt
aine
d. H
ave
the
clas
s di
scus
s w
heth
er o
r no
t the
data
poi
nt s
ugge
sts
that
the
indi
cato
r is
pro
mot
ing
sust
aina
bilit
y. L
ocal
exp
erts
may
be
cons
ulte
d.
4. C
reat
e a
com
mun
ity s
usta
inab
ility
rep
ort c
ard
on p
oste
r bo
ard
to d
ispl
ay th
e cl
ass'
sfi
ndin
gs.
5. H
ave
the
stud
ents
wri
te a
rtic
les
for
the
loca
l med
ia (
new
spap
er, r
adio
or
tele
visi
on)
tore
port
thei
r fi
ndin
gs. W
ritin
g ar
ticle
s is
one
way
to c
omm
unic
ate
with
oth
er m
embe
rs o
fyo
ur c
omm
unity
. Thi
s ex
erci
se a
lso
can
educ
ate
med
ia r
epre
sent
ativ
es a
bout
mon
itori
ngef
fort
s an
d th
e im
port
ance
of
the
linka
ges
amon
g th
e in
dica
tors
you
mea
sure
d. A
n ar
ticle
can
enco
urag
e po
licy-
mak
ers
to c
onsi
der
the
envi
ronm
enta
l and
soc
ial i
mpa
cts
of th
eir
deci
sion
s --
impa
cts
that
oft
en a
re n
ot in
clud
ed in
trad
ition
al e
cono
mic
mea
sure
men
ts.
Fina
lly, i
t can
mot
ivat
e in
divi
dual
s to
bec
ome
invo
lved
per
sona
lly in
com
mun
ity s
usta
in -
abili
ty e
ffor
ts.
Ext
ensi
ons:
1. H
ave
stud
ent g
roup
s id
entif
y ad
ditio
nal i
ndic
ator
s of
spe
cial
impo
rtan
ce to
thei
rco
mm
unity
. As
a gu
idel
ine,
use
the
chec
klis
t of
impo
rtan
t ind
icat
or c
hara
cter
istic
sde
velo
ped
by th
e Po
rtla
nd, O
re.,
grou
p an
d de
scri
bed
in th
e pr
eced
ing
back
grou
ndin
form
atio
n. H
ave
stud
ents
exp
lain
thei
r re
ason
s fo
r se
lect
ing
the
indi
cato
r an
d ho
w it
can
be m
easu
red.
Stu
dent
s th
en s
houl
d co
nduc
t res
earc
h to
det
erm
ine
the
indi
cato
r da
ta p
oint
and
docu
men
t its
sou
rce
as in
the
orig
inal
indi
cato
r m
onito
ring
act
ivity
. Stu
dent
s m
ayre
port
thei
r ad
ditio
nal f
indi
ngs
as in
the
orig
inal
pro
cedu
re.
2. I
f th
e "M
onito
ring
Sus
tain
abili
ty"
sect
ion
is r
epea
ted
in s
ubse
quen
t yea
rs, s
tude
nts
may
com
pare
indi
cato
r da
ta p
oint
s an
d lo
ok f
or tr
ends
. Stu
dent
s sh
ould
con
sult
loca
l exp
erts
toin
terp
ret t
hese
tren
ds.
5833
Res
ourc
es:
"Bui
ldin
g Su
stai
nabl
e C
omm
uniti
es,"
199
3, p
amph
let a
vaila
ble
from
CO
NC
ER
N I
nc.,
1794
Col
umbi
a R
oad
N.W
., W
ashi
ngto
n, D
.C. 2
0009
, or
call
(202
) 32
8-81
60.
"Def
inin
g C
omm
unity
Sus
tain
abili
ty b
y M
easu
ring
It,"
by
Wal
ter
Cor
son,
199
3, a
rtic
lepu
blis
hed
in C
omm
unity
Sus
tain
abili
ty E
xcha
nge,
No.
1, 1
993,
ava
ilabl
e fr
om: C
omm
unity
Sust
aina
bilit
y R
esou
rce
Inst
itute
, P.O
. Box
113
43, T
akom
a Pa
rk, M
d. 2
0913
, or
call
(301
)58
8-72
27.
"Exe
cutiv
e Su
mm
ary:
Lif
e in
Jac
kson
ville
--
Qua
lity
Indi
cato
rs f
or P
rogr
ess,
" 19
93,
book
let a
vaila
ble
from
Jac
kson
ville
Com
mun
ity C
ounc
il In
c., J
EA
Tow
er, 1
1th
Floo
r, 2
1W
est C
hurc
h St
., Ja
ckso
nvill
e, F
la. 3
2202
, or
call
(904
) 35
6-08
00.
"How
Big
is O
ur E
colo
gica
l Foo
tpri
nt?"
by
Mat
his
Wac
kem
agel
, 199
3, b
ookl
et a
vaila
ble
from
The
Tas
k Fo
rce
on P
lann
ing
Hea
lthy
and
Sust
aina
ble
Com
mun
ities
, The
Uni
vers
ity o
fB
ritis
h C
olum
bia,
Dep
artm
ent o
f Fa
mily
Pla
nnin
g, 5
804
Fair
view
Ave
., V
anco
uver
, BC
,C
anad
a V
6T 1
Z3,
or
call
(604
) 82
2-43
66.
"Ind
icat
ors
of S
usta
inab
le C
omm
unity
," 1
993,
pam
phle
t ava
ilabl
e fr
om S
usta
inab
le S
eattl
e,M
etro
cent
er Y
MC
A, 9
09 F
ourt
h A
ve.,
Seat
tle, W
ash.
981
04, o
r ca
ll (2
06)
382-
5013
.
"Mak
ing
Arl
ingt
on C
ount
y, V
irgi
nia,
a S
usta
inab
le C
omm
unity
," b
y M
artin
Ogl
e, 1
994,
pam
phle
t ava
ilabl
e fr
om A
rlin
gton
Com
mun
ity S
usta
inab
ility
Net
wor
k, 3
308
Sout
hSt
affo
rd S
t., A
rlin
gton
, Va.
222
06, o
r ca
ll (7
03)
358-
6427
.
"Min
neso
ta M
ilest
ones
: 199
3 Pr
ogre
ss R
epor
t," 1
993,
boo
klet
ava
ilabl
e fr
om M
inne
sota
Plan
ning
, 658
Ced
ar S
t., S
t. Pa
ul, M
inn.
551
55, o
r ca
ll (6
12)
296-
3985
.
"Por
tland
-Mul
tnom
ah C
ount
y B
ench
mar
ks: S
tand
ards
for
Mea
suri
ng C
omm
unity
Pro
gres
san
d G
over
nmen
t Per
form
ance
," 1
994,
boo
klet
ava
ilabl
e fr
om th
e Po
rtla
nd-M
ultn
omah
Cou
nty
Prog
ress
Boa
rd, 1
120
S.W
. Fif
th A
ve.,
Rm
. 125
0, P
ortla
nd, O
re. 9
7204
, or
call
(503
) 82
3-69
90.
"Sta
te o
f th
e C
omm
unity
," 1
993,
boo
klet
ava
ilabl
e fr
om O
lym
pia
Rou
ndta
ble,
212
9 B
ethe
lSt
. N.E
., O
lym
pia,
Was
h. 9
8506
, or
call
(206
) 75
4-78
42.
59
Com
mun
ity S
usta
inab
ility
Indi
cato
rsT
otal
pop
ulat
ion
with
ann
ual g
row
th r
ate
Rea
sons
for
sel
ectio
nE
very
par
t of
the
envi
ronm
ent
wat
er, a
ir, s
oil
is im
pact
ed b
y gr
owin
gnu
mbe
rs o
f pe
ople
and
thei
r ac
tiviti
es. P
opul
atio
n gr
owth
has
fue
led
urba
n an
dsu
burb
an s
praw
l tha
t has
rep
lace
d la
rge
area
s of
woo
ds, g
rass
land
s, f
arm
fie
lds
and
wet
land
s. T
hese
nat
ural
spa
ces
are
criti
cal t
o m
aint
aini
ng th
e la
nd's
car
ryin
gca
paci
ty a
nd p
rovi
ding
vita
l res
ourc
es s
uch
as c
lean
air
, cle
an w
ater
and
foo
d to
hum
an a
nd w
ildlif
e po
pula
tions
.
How
to m
easu
reO
ffic
ial p
opul
atio
n m
easu
rem
ents
for
197
0, 1
980
and
1990
can
be
obta
ined
fro
mU
.S. C
ensu
s B
urea
u pu
blic
atio
ns, w
hich
are
ava
ilabl
e in
mos
t lar
ge li
brar
ies.
Mos
tm
unic
ipal
or
coun
ty a
genc
ies
will
hav
e es
timat
ed p
opul
atio
n nu
mbe
rs a
nd g
row
thra
tes
for
the
year
s in
bet
wee
n. T
he P
opul
atio
n R
efer
ence
Bur
eau,
a n
onpr
ofit
grou
p lo
cate
d in
Was
hing
ton,
D.C
., al
so m
aint
ains
a w
ide
rang
e of
pop
ulat
ion
info
rmat
ion.
The
bur
eau
may
be
cont
acte
d at
187
5 C
onne
ctic
ut A
ve. N
.W.,
Suite
520,
Was
hing
ton,
D.C
. 200
09-5
728,
by
calli
ng (
202)
483
-110
0, o
r vi
a th
e In
tern
etat
http
://w
ww
.prb
.org
/prb
/
60
Doc
umen
tatio
n
Dat
a so
urce
orga
niza
tion/
agen
cy:
cont
act n
ame:
phon
e nu
mbe
r:
Dat
a co
llect
ion
met
hod
dire
ct m
easu
rem
ents
proj
ectio
ns b
ased
on
sam
ples
form
s or
rep
orts
sen
t in
by o
ther
sot
her
Dat
a de
tails
Are
thes
e da
ta a
vaila
ble
in p
ublis
hed
repo
rts?
Titl
e(s)
?
How
acc
urat
e ar
e th
e da
ta?
Exp
lain
you
r an
swer
.
How
long
has
the
orga
niza
tion
or a
genc
y co
llect
ed th
e da
ta?
How
oft
en a
re th
e da
ta c
olle
cted
?
Dat
a po
int
Tot
al p
opul
atio
n w
ith a
nnua
l gro
wth
rat
e:
34
61:
Com
mun
ity S
usta
inab
ility
Indi
cato
rsPe
rcen
t of
popu
latio
n 18
and
old
er v
otin
g in
ele
ctio
ns
Rea
sons
for
sel
ectio
nV
oter
turn
out m
easu
res
the
exte
nt to
whi
ch p
eopl
e ca
n an
d do
par
ticip
ate
in th
ede
moc
ratic
pro
cess
.
In a
sus
tain
able
soc
iety
, all
citiz
ens
shou
ld d
esir
e an
d ha
ve th
e op
port
unity
topa
rtic
ipat
e fu
lly in
dec
isio
ns a
bout
the
way
thei
r co
mm
unity
is g
over
ned.
Con
sis-
tent
ly h
igh
vote
r tu
rnou
t rat
es in
dica
te th
at c
itize
ns a
re e
ngag
ed a
ctiv
ely
in th
ede
moc
ratic
pro
cess
. A lo
w o
r de
crea
sing
turn
out c
an in
dica
te p
ublic
cyn
icis
m,
dise
nfra
nchi
sed
segm
ents
of
soci
ety,
or
a go
vern
men
t out
of
touc
h w
ith v
oter
s.
How
to m
easu
reC
olle
ct d
ata
abou
t ele
ctio
ns th
at a
re r
elev
ant t
o co
mm
unity
issu
es a
nd a
re n
otsi
gnif
ican
tly in
flue
nced
by
fact
ors
beyo
nd th
e co
mm
unity
's c
ontr
ol (
the
natio
nal
econ
omy
or in
tern
atio
nal i
ssue
s, f
or e
xam
ple)
. Dat
a ab
out t
hese
ele
ctio
ns c
an b
eob
tain
ed f
rom
the
boar
d of
ele
ctio
ns in
you
r co
mm
unity
. If
you
do n
ot h
ave
such
abo
ard,
con
tact
the
info
rmat
ion
desk
at y
our
loca
l lib
rary
for
fur
ther
ass
ista
nce.
62
Doc
umen
tatio
n
Dat
a so
urce
orga
niza
tion/
agen
cy:
cont
act n
ame:
phon
e nu
mbe
r:
Dat
a co
llect
ion
met
hod
dire
ct m
easu
rem
ents
proj
ectio
ns b
ased
on
sam
ples
form
s or
rep
orts
sen
t in
by o
ther
s
othe
r
Dat
a de
tails
Are
thes
e da
ta a
vaila
ble
in p
ublis
hed
repo
rts?
Titl
e(s)
?
How
acc
urat
e ar
e th
e da
ta?
Exp
lain
you
r an
swer
.
How
long
has
the
orga
niza
tion
or a
genc
y co
llect
ed th
e da
ta?
How
oft
en a
re th
e da
ta c
olle
cted
?
Dat
a po
int
Perc
ent o
f po
pula
tion
18 a
nd o
lder
vot
ing
in e
lect
ions
:
35
63
Com
mun
ity S
usta
inab
ility
Indi
cato
rsPe
rcen
t of
stud
ents
rec
eivi
ng f
orm
al e
nvir
onm
enta
l edu
catio
n
Rea
sons
for
sel
ectio
nFo
rmal
env
iron
men
tal e
duca
tion
help
s st
uden
ts m
ake
diff
icul
t dec
isio
ns a
bout
thei
r lif
esty
les.
It a
lso
prep
ares
them
to u
nder
stan
d en
viro
nmen
tal l
aws
and
the
impo
rtan
ce o
f el
ectin
g po
litic
al c
andi
date
s w
ho s
hare
thei
r en
viro
nmen
tal v
iew
s.E
nvir
onm
enta
l edu
catio
n m
ay f
urth
er m
otiv
ate
stud
ents
to p
artic
ipat
e in
env
iron
-m
enta
l and
con
serv
atio
n or
gani
zatio
ns a
nd to
pur
sue
prof
essi
onal
car
eers
inen
viro
nmen
tal f
ield
s. A
n en
viro
nmen
tally
lite
rate
soc
iety
is b
ette
r pr
epar
ed to
mak
e th
e lo
ng-t
erm
dec
isio
ns s
usta
inab
ility
req
uire
s.
How
to m
easu
reY
our
loca
l sch
ool b
oard
will
hav
e th
is in
form
atio
n. I
t pro
babl
y w
ill b
e ca
tego
rize
dun
der
scie
nce
educ
atio
n.
64
Doc
umen
tatio
n
Dat
a so
urce
orga
niza
tion/
agen
cy:
cont
act n
ame:
phon
e nu
mbe
r:
Dat
a co
llect
ion
met
hod
dire
ct m
easu
rem
ents
proj
ectio
ns b
ased
on
sam
ples
form
s or
rep
orts
sen
t in
by o
ther
sot
her
Dat
a de
tails
Are
thes
e da
ta a
vaila
ble
in p
ublis
hed
repo
rts?
Titl
e(s)
?
How
acc
urat
e ar
e th
e da
ta?
Exp
lain
you
r an
swer
.
How
long
has
the
orga
niza
tion
or a
genc
y co
llect
ed th
e da
ta?
How
oft
en a
re th
e da
ta c
olle
cted
?
Dat
a po
int
Perc
ent o
f st
uden
ts r
ecei
ving
for
mal
env
iron
men
tal e
duca
tion:
3665
Com
mun
ity S
usta
inab
ility
Indi
cato
rsPe
rcen
t of
stud
ents
rec
eivi
ng p
opul
atio
n ed
ucat
ion
Rea
sons
for
sel
ectio
nPo
pula
tion
educ
atio
n is
the
stud
y of
hum
an n
umbe
rs, t
heir
dis
trib
utio
n an
d th
eir
impa
ct o
n so
cial
and
nat
ural
env
iron
men
ts. S
tude
nts
who
rec
eive
pop
ulat
ion
educ
atio
n m
ay m
ake
mor
e in
form
ed c
hoic
es r
egar
ding
fam
ily s
ize
and
land
plan
ning
and
hav
e a
bette
r un
ders
tand
ing
of th
e gl
obal
impa
cts
of c
ontin
ued
popu
latio
n gr
owth
.
Tau
ght f
rom
a lo
cal p
ersp
ectiv
e, p
opul
atio
n ed
ucat
ion
dem
onst
rate
s ho
w lo
cal
popu
latio
n an
d na
tura
l res
ourc
e co
nsum
ptio
n af
fect
spe
cifi
c re
gion
s, s
tate
s,co
untie
s an
d --
mos
t im
port
antly
--
indi
vidu
al c
omm
uniti
es o
r to
wns
.
How
to m
easu
reC
all y
our
loca
l sch
ool b
oard
. Pop
ulat
ion
issu
es p
roba
bly
will
be
taug
ht a
s pa
rt o
fso
cial
stu
dies
or
envi
ronm
enta
l sci
ence
. How
ever
, pop
ulat
ion
educ
atio
n is
not
wid
espr
ead,
so
it m
ay n
ot b
e pa
rt o
f yo
ur s
choo
l's c
urri
culu
m.
66
Doc
umen
tatio
n
Dat
a so
urce
orga
niza
tion/
agen
cy:
cont
act n
ame:
phon
e nu
mbe
r:
Dat
a co
llect
ion
met
hod
dire
ct m
easu
rem
ents
proj
ectio
ns b
ased
on
sam
ples
form
s or
rep
orts
sen
t in
by o
ther
s
othe
r
Dat
a de
tails
Are
thes
e da
ta a
vaila
ble
in p
ublis
hed
repo
rts?
Titl
e(s)
?
How
acc
urat
e ar
e th
e da
ta?
Exp
lain
you
r an
swer
.
How
long
has
the
orga
niza
tion
or a
genc
y co
llect
ed th
e da
ta?
How
oft
en a
re th
e da
ta c
olle
cted
?
Dat
a po
int
Perc
ent o
f st
uden
ts r
ecei
ving
pop
ulat
ion
educ
atio
n:
3767
Com
mun
ity S
usta
inab
ility
Indi
cato
rsPo
unds
of
solid
was
te la
ndfi
lled
per
capi
ta p
er y
ear
Rea
sons
for
sel
ectio
nA
lthou
gh th
e am
ount
of
solid
was
te g
ener
ated
is a
n im
port
ant i
ndic
ator
of
sust
ain-
abili
ty, t
he a
mou
nt o
f w
aste
land
fille
d is
the
true
mea
sure
of
reso
urce
con
sum
p-tio
n. W
e la
ndfi
ll w
hat w
e ca
nnot
or
will
not
rec
ycle
.
Lan
dfill
s ul
timat
ely
are
haza
rdou
s to
the
envi
ronm
ent.
The
y ca
n ve
nt d
ange
rous
gase
s in
to th
e ai
r an
d le
ak p
ollu
tant
s in
to th
e w
ater
tabl
e, c
onta
min
atin
g ad
jace
ntso
il an
d ne
arby
wat
erw
ays.
How
to M
easu
reC
all y
our
loca
l env
iron
men
tal p
rote
ctio
n of
fice
or
depa
rtm
ent.
Als
o, c
ount
y or
mun
icip
al o
ffic
es o
f w
aste
man
agem
ent w
ill h
ave
thes
e da
ta.
Doc
umen
tatio
n
Dat
a so
urce
orga
niza
tion/
agen
cy:
cont
act n
ame:
phon
e nu
mbe
r:
Dat
a co
llect
ion
met
hod
dire
ct m
easu
rem
ents
proj
ectio
ns b
ased
on
sam
ples
form
s or
rep
orts
sen
t in
by o
ther
sot
her
Dat
a de
tails
Are
thes
e da
ta a
vaila
ble
in p
ublis
hed
repo
rts?
Titl
e(s)
?
How
acc
urat
e ar
e th
e da
ta?
Exp
lain
you
r an
swer
.
How
long
has
the
orga
niza
tion
or a
genc
y co
llect
ed th
e da
ta?
How
oft
en a
re th
e da
ta c
olle
cted
?
Dat
a po
int
Poun
ds o
f so
lid w
aste
land
fille
d pe
r ca
pita
per
yea
r:
6838
69
Com
mun
ity S
usta
inab
ility
Indi
cato
rsE
lect
rici
ty c
onsu
mpt
ion
from
non
rene
wab
le s
ourc
espe
r ca
pita
per
yea
r
Rea
sons
for
sel
ectio
nFo
ssil
fuel
sco
al a
nd o
ilre
pres
ent n
onre
new
able
, one
-tim
e su
pplie
s of
ener
gy. S
ince
the
Indu
stri
al R
evol
utio
nan
d in
crea
sing
ly in
rec
ent y
ears
we'
ve u
sed
thes
e re
sour
ces
at v
ery
high
leve
ls w
ithou
t reg
ard
for
futu
re g
ener
a-tio
ns' e
nerg
y ne
eds.
The
ext
ract
ion,
tran
spor
tatio
n, r
efin
ing
and
burn
ing
of f
ossi
l fue
ls c
ause
man
y of
our
mos
t ser
ious
env
iron
men
tal p
robl
ems.
The
use
of
thes
e no
nren
ewab
le r
e-so
urce
s co
ntam
inat
es th
e en
viro
nmen
t with
pol
luta
nts
such
as
carb
on m
onox
ide,
sulf
ur d
ioxi
de, a
nd m
ercu
ry a
nd o
ther
hea
vy m
etal
s. B
urni
ng f
ossi
l fue
ls a
lso
rele
ases
car
bon
diox
ide
and
othe
r ga
ses
that
cou
ld a
lter
the
Ear
th's
clim
ate.
Com
mun
ity s
usta
inab
ility
req
uire
s th
at w
e re
duce
non
rene
wab
le e
nerg
y us
e in
favo
r of
ren
ewab
le e
nerg
y su
pplie
d by
sol
ar p
ower
, win
d po
wer
and
som
ehy
droe
lect
ric
desi
gns.
How
to m
easu
reC
onta
ct y
our
loca
l pow
er c
ompa
ny f
or in
form
atio
n ab
out p
er-c
apita
con
sum
ptio
nof
ele
ctri
city
gen
erat
ed f
rom
non
rene
wab
le s
ourc
es.
70
Doc
umen
tatio
n
Dat
a so
urce
orga
niza
tion/
agen
cy:
cont
act n
ame:
phon
e nu
mbe
r:
Dat
a co
llect
ion
met
hod
dire
ct m
easu
rem
ents
proj
ectio
ns b
ased
on
sam
ples
form
s or
rep
orts
sen
t in
by o
ther
s
othe
r
Dat
a de
tails
Are
thes
e da
ta a
vaila
ble
in p
ublis
hed
repo
rts?
Titl
e(s)
?
How
acc
urat
e ar
e th
e da
ta?
Exp
lain
you
r an
swer
.
How
long
has
the
orga
niza
tion
or a
genc
y co
llect
ed th
e da
ta?
How
oft
en a
re th
e da
ta c
olle
cted
?
Dat
a po
int
Ele
ctri
city
con
sum
ptio
n fr
om n
onre
new
able
sou
rces
per
cap
ita p
er y
ear:
39A
l
Com
mun
ity S
usta
inab
ility
Indi
cato
rsD
ays
in th
e pa
st y
ear
with
Air
Qua
lity
Inde
x (A
QI)
in th
e go
od r
ange
Rea
sons
for
sel
ectio
nT
he A
ir Q
ualit
y In
dex
is a
mea
sure
men
t of
cert
ain
key
pollu
tant
sin
clud
ing
carb
on m
onox
ide,
sul
fur
diox
ide
and
ozon
ein
the
atm
osph
ere.
A g
ood
air
qual
ity r
atin
g is
issu
ed o
nly
whe
n al
l the
se k
ey p
ollu
tant
s ar
e pr
esen
t in
leve
ls th
atar
e th
ough
t to
have
no
effe
ct o
n hu
man
hea
lth.
Bot
h na
tura
l and
hum
an-c
reat
ed e
nvir
onm
ents
are
aff
ecte
d st
rong
ly b
y ai
r po
llu-
tion.
For
exa
mpl
e, a
cid
prec
ipita
tion
mak
es f
ores
ts m
ore
susc
eptib
le to
dis
ease
and
pest
s, a
lters
the
chem
istr
y of
aqu
atic
eco
syst
ems,
and
dam
ages
the
mas
onry
of
man
y bu
ildin
gs a
nd n
atio
nal l
andm
arks
. Als
o, a
ir p
ollu
tant
s di
spro
port
iona
tely
can
affe
ct th
e he
alth
of
cert
ain
peop
le, s
uch
as c
hild
ren,
the
elde
rly
and
peop
le w
ithre
spir
ator
y ai
lmen
ts.
Air
pol
lutio
n ha
s st
rong
eco
nom
ic r
eper
cuss
ions
. Reg
ions
that
con
sist
ently
fai
l to
mee
t air
qua
lity
stan
dard
s ca
n be
den
ied
fede
ral g
over
nmen
t fun
ding
for
pro
ject
ssu
ch a
s hi
ghw
ays
and
othe
r tr
ansp
orta
tion
syst
ems.
In
addi
tion,
indu
stri
al a
ndot
her
busi
ness
dev
elop
men
t can
be
held
up
until
a r
egio
n m
eets
the
set s
tand
ards
.H
igh
pollu
tion
leve
ls c
an r
educ
e ag
ricu
ltura
l pro
duct
ivity
and
lim
it th
e ec
onom
icpo
tent
ial o
f m
any
othe
r re
sour
ces,
incl
udin
g fo
rest
s, m
arin
e an
d fr
eshw
ater
fish
erie
s, a
nd n
atur
e-ba
sed
tour
ism
.
How
to m
easu
reA
ir q
ualit
y ge
nera
lly is
mon
itore
d by
a lo
cal a
ir p
ollu
tion
cont
rol b
oard
or
by o
ther
gove
rnm
ent a
genc
ies.
Oft
en, t
he d
aily
Air
Qua
lity
Inde
x ra
ting
is g
iven
dur
ing
loca
l tel
epho
ne a
nd te
levi
sion
wea
ther
rep
orts
.
72
Doc
umen
tatio
n
Dat
a so
urce
orga
niza
tion/
agen
cy:
cont
act n
ame:
phon
e nu
mbe
r:
Dat
a co
llect
ion
met
hod
dire
ct m
easu
rem
ents
proj
ectio
ns b
ased
on
sam
ples
form
s or
rep
orts
sen
t in
by o
ther
s
othe
r
Dat
a de
tails
Are
thes
e da
ta a
vaila
ble
in p
ublis
hed
repo
rts?
Titl
e(s)
?
How
acc
urat
e ar
e th
e da
ta?
Exp
lain
you
r an
swer
.
How
long
has
the
orga
niza
tion
or a
genc
y co
llect
ed th
e da
ta?
How
oft
en a
re th
e da
ta c
olle
cted
?
Dat
a po
int
Day
s in
the
past
yea
r w
ith A
ir Q
ualit
y In
dex
(AQ
I) in
the
good
ran
ge:
40
73
Com
mun
ity S
usta
inab
ility
'Ind
icat
ors
Acr
es o
f la
nd a
vaila
ble
for
agri
cultu
re
Rea
sons
for
sel
ectio
nFe
rtile
agr
icul
tura
l soi
ls a
re e
ssen
tial f
or f
ood
prod
t 'ct
ion.
As
popu
latio
ns g
row
,m
ore
and
mor
e la
nd a
rea
is n
eede
d to
exp
and
hous
iro
adw
ays
and
com
mer
cial
ente
rpri
ses.
How
ever
, the
mos
t des
irab
le la
nd f
or th
se
activ
ities
is o
ften
the
mos
tde
sira
ble
land
for
agr
icul
ture
bec
ause
it is
gen
eral
ly le
vel a
nd w
ell d
rain
ed, b
utun
deve
lope
d.
The
am
ount
of
avai
labl
e ag
ricu
ltura
l lan
d is
link
ed t)
the
loca
l eco
nom
y, th
equ
ality
of
food
s av
aila
ble
to lo
cal c
onsu
mer
s, a
nd th
e pr
eser
vatio
n of
ope
n sp
ace.
In a
dditi
on, w
hen
a co
mm
unity
's f
ood
com
es m
ainl
!r f
rom
loca
l sou
rces
, tra
nsco
n-tin
enta
l and
inte
rnat
iona
l tra
nspo
rtat
ion
of f
ood
is r
educ
ed. F
ood
prod
uced
in th
elo
cal a
rea
keep
s m
oney
cir
cula
ting
in th
e lo
cal e
cono
my.
Peo
ple
also
may
hav
em
ore
info
rmat
ion
abou
t or
infl
uenc
e ov
er th
e m
etho
ds u
sed
to p
rodu
ce th
e fo
ods
they
pur
chas
e lo
cally
.
Agr
icul
tura
l fie
lds
prov
ide
open
spa
ce a
nd h
abita
t fo
wild
life.
For
exa
mpl
e, m
any
wild
life
spec
ies
bene
fit f
rom
gle
anin
g w
aste
gra
in, m
id th
ey s
eek
shel
ter
in w
inte
rfi
eld
stub
ble.
How
to m
easu
reD
ata
can
be o
btai
ned
from
sev
eral
sou
rces
. Fir
st, m
arry
sta
tes
and
coun
ties
have
offi
ces
of th
e N
atur
al R
esou
rce
Con
serv
atio
n Se
rvic
e (f
orm
erly
cal
led
the
Soil
Con
serv
atio
n Se
rvic
e). S
oil u
ses
are
cata
loge
d as
par
t,of
thes
e of
fice
s' m
appi
ngpr
oces
ses.
In
addi
tion,
man
y st
ates
now
hav
e G
eogr
aphi
c In
form
atio
n Sy
stem
s(G
IS).
The
se c
ompu
teri
zed
syst
ems
use
sate
llite
imag
!s
to p
rovi
de in
form
atio
n to
plan
ners
and
sci
entis
ts a
bout
roa
ds, w
ater
way
s, f
ores
t: an
d ag
ricu
ltura
l lan
d.
74
Doc
umen
tatio
n
Dat
a so
urce
orga
niza
tion/
agen
cy:
cont
act n
ame:
phon
e nu
mbe
r:
Dat
a co
llect
ion
met
hod
dire
ct m
easu
rem
ents
proj
ectio
ns b
ased
on
sam
ples
form
s or
rep
orts
sen
t in
by o
ther
s
othe
r
Dat
a de
tails
Are
thes
e da
ta a
vaila
ble
in p
ublis
hed
repo
rts?
Titl
e(s)
?
How
acc
urat
e ar
e th
e da
ta?
Exp
lain
you
r an
swer
.
How
long
has
the
orga
niza
tion
or a
genc
y co
llect
ed th
e da
ta?
How
oft
en a
re th
e da
ta c
olle
cted
?
Dat
a po
int
Acr
es o
f la
nd a
vaila
ble
for
agri
cultu
re:
417
Com
mun
ity S
usta
inab
ility
Indi
cato
rsPe
rcen
tage
of
sam
ples
per
yea
r of
riv
ers
and
stre
ams
mee
ting
U.S
.E
PA in
-str
eam
wat
er q
ualit
y st
anda
rds
Rea
sons
for
sel
ectio
nH
uman
act
iviti
es g
ener
ate
pollu
tant
s, m
any
of w
hich
end
up
in s
urfa
ce w
ater
s. A
shu
man
pop
ulat
ions
and
pol
lutio
n gr
ow, t
he a
mou
nt o
f cl
ean
wat
er a
vaila
ble
tohu
man
s, w
ildlif
e an
d pl
ants
may
wel
l dim
inis
h.
Wat
er is
a r
enew
able
res
ourc
e, b
ut it
s av
aila
bilit
y to
fut
ure
gene
ratio
ns d
epen
ds o
npr
esen
t eff
orts
to e
limin
ate
pollu
tion
and
rest
ore
degr
aded
wat
erw
ays.
How
to m
easu
reIn
-str
eam
wat
er q
ualit
y st
anda
rds
are
dete
rmin
ed b
y en
viro
nmen
tal a
genc
ies,
suc
has
sta
te d
epar
tmen
ts o
f na
tura
l res
ourc
es o
r de
part
men
ts o
f fi
sh a
nd g
ame,
inco
mpl
ianc
e w
ith f
eder
al E
nvir
onm
enta
l Pro
tect
ion
Age
ncy
guid
elin
es.
If y
our
com
mun
ity is
loca
ted
near
a m
ajor
riv
er, b
ay o
r co
asta
l wat
erw
ay, w
ater
qual
ity m
ay b
e m
onito
red
regu
larl
y by
sta
te w
ater
qua
lity
boar
ds o
r a
loca
lun
iver
sity
or
rese
arch
inst
itute
. Loc
al g
over
nmen
ts a
lso
may
test
reg
iona
l wat
er-
way
s, s
uch
as c
reek
s an
d st
ream
s. I
n ad
ditio
n, m
any
com
mun
ity m
embe
rs m
onito
rw
ater
qua
lity
them
selv
es th
roug
h pr
ogra
ms
such
as
the
Izaa
k W
alto
n L
eagu
e of
Am
eric
a's
Save
Our
Str
eam
s (S
OS)
Pro
gram
.
76
Doc
umen
tatio
n
Dat
a so
urce
orga
niza
tion/
agen
cy:
cont
act n
ame:
phon
e nu
mbe
r:
Dat
a co
llect
ion
met
hod
dire
ct m
easu
rem
ents
proj
ectio
ns b
ased
on
sam
ples
form
s or
rep
orts
sen
t in
by o
ther
sot
her
Dat
a de
tails
Are
thes
e da
ta a
vaila
ble
in p
ublis
hed
repo
rts?
Titl
e(s)
?
How
acc
urat
e ar
e th
e da
ta?
Exp
lain
you
r an
swer
.
How
long
has
the
orga
niza
tion
or a
genc
y co
llect
ed th
e da
ta?
How
oft
en a
re th
e da
ta c
olle
cted
?
Dat
a po
int
Perc
enta
ge o
f sa
mpl
es p
er y
ear
of r
iver
s an
d st
ream
s m
eetin
g U
.S. E
nvir
onm
enta
lPr
otec
tion
Age
ncy
in-s
trea
m w
ater
qua
lity
stan
dard
s:
42
77
Com
mun
ity S
usta
inab
ility
!Ind
icat
ors
Acr
es o
f na
tura
l, re
stor
ed a
nd h
uman
- c
reat
ed w
etla
nds
Rea
sons
for
sel
ectio
nW
etla
nds
are
amon
g th
e m
ost c
ritic
al e
lem
ents
of
a h
.alth
y ec
osys
tem
. The
ypr
ovid
e bu
ffer
s be
twee
n hu
man
dev
elop
men
t and
aqu
atic
eco
syst
ems,
filt
erin
gto
xins
and
sed
imen
ts th
at r
un o
ff o
ur y
ards
, par
king
Its
, roa
dway
s an
d ag
ricu
l-tu
ral f
ield
s.
Fres
hwat
er w
etla
nds
also
ser
ve a
s re
char
ge s
ites
for
f es
hwat
er a
quif
ers.
Fur
ther
-m
ore,
wet
land
s pr
ovid
e ec
onom
ic r
etur
ns, s
ervi
ng a
s nu
rser
y gr
ound
s fo
r m
any
spec
ies
of s
port
and
com
mer
cial
ly h
arve
sted
fis
h an
d fo
r tr
ees
with
hig
h va
lue
astim
ber.
Wet
land
s al
so a
re h
ome
to m
ore
than
hal
f of
1,1
1 sp
ecie
s cu
rren
tly li
sted
by
the
fede
ral g
over
nmen
t as
thre
aten
ed o
r en
dang
ered
.
How
to m
easu
reD
ata
are
avai
labl
e fr
om s
ever
al s
ourc
es. F
irst
, man
y sa
tes
and
coun
ties
have
Nat
ural
Res
ourc
e C
onse
rvat
ion
Serv
ice
offi
ces
that
coa
log
soils
thro
ugh
a so
ilm
appi
ng p
roce
ss. I
n ad
ditio
n, m
any
stat
es n
ow a
re u
s In
g G
eogr
aphi
c In
form
atio
nSy
stem
s (G
IS),
whi
ch c
olle
ct d
ata
abou
t man
y di
ffer
ent l
and
type
s, in
clud
ing
wet
land
s. A
lso,
if y
ou li
ve in
a s
tate
that
has
a la
rge
ni im
ber
of w
etla
nd a
cres
, the
rem
ay b
e a
wet
land
s of
fice
with
in y
our
stat
e de
part
men
I o
f na
tura
l res
ourc
es. T
his
offi
ce c
an p
rovi
de y
ou w
ith a
ll th
e da
ta y
ou n
eed.
78
Doc
umen
tatio
n
Dat
a so
urce
orga
niza
tion/
agen
cy:
cont
act n
ame:
phon
e nu
mbe
r:
Dat
a co
llect
ion
met
hod
dire
ct m
easu
rem
ents
proj
ectio
ns b
ased
on
sam
ples
form
s or
rep
orts
sen
t in
by o
ther
s
othe
r
Dat
a de
tails
Are
thes
e da
ta a
vaila
ble
in p
ublis
hed
repo
rts?
Titl
e(s)
?
How
acc
urat
e ar
e th
e da
ta?
Exp
lain
you
r an
swer
.
How
long
has
the
orga
niza
tion
or a
genc
y co
llect
ed th
e da
ta?
How
oft
en a
re th
e da
ta c
olle
cted
?
Dat
a po
int
Acr
es o
f na
tura
l, re
stor
ed a
nd h
uman
-cre
ated
wet
land
s:
4379
Com
mun
ity S
usta
inab
ility
Indi
cato
rsA
cres
offo
rest
land
Rea
sons
for
sel
ectio
nFo
rest
s pr
even
t ero
sion
, pur
ify
and
reta
in u
nder
grou
nd w
ater
, and
rem
ove
larg
eam
ount
s of
car
bon
diox
ide
from
the
atm
osph
ere.
If
sust
aina
bilit
y gu
ides
man
age-
men
t pra
ctic
es, f
ores
ts c
an p
rovi
de th
e re
sour
ces
nece
ssar
y fo
r a
soun
d co
mm
unity
econ
omy.
For
ests
als
o se
rve
as v
ital h
abita
t for
thou
sand
s of
wild
life
and
plan
tsp
ecie
s, a
nd th
ey o
ffer
rec
reat
iona
l opp
ortu
nitie
s, in
clud
ing
hiki
ng, h
untin
g,ph
otog
raph
y an
d bi
rdin
g.
How
to m
easu
reD
ata
abou
t for
estla
nd s
houl
d be
ava
ilabl
e fr
om th
e U
.S. F
ores
t Ser
vice
off
ice
inyo
ur c
ount
y or
sta
te. I
f yo
ur lo
cale
is n
ot s
erve
d by
a F
ores
t Ser
vice
off
ice,
try
toac
cess
dat
a th
roug
h an
off
ice
or a
genc
y th
at u
ses
the
Geo
grap
hic
Info
rmat
ion
Syst
em (
GIS
). G
IS u
ses
sate
llite
imag
es to
pro
vide
info
rmat
ion
to p
lann
ers
and
scie
ntis
ts a
bout
num
erou
s en
viro
nmen
tal c
ondi
tions
. Var
ious
gov
ernm
ent o
ffic
es,
incl
udin
g th
e Fo
rest
Ser
vice
, can
ref
er y
ou to
off
ices
or
agen
cies
that
use
GIS
.
so
Doc
umen
tatio
n
Dat
a so
urce
orga
niza
tion/
agen
cy:
cont
act n
ame:
phon
e nu
mbe
r:
Dat
a co
llect
ion
met
hod
dire
ct m
easu
rem
ents
proj
ectio
ns b
ased
on
sam
ples
form
s or
rep
orts
sen
t in
by o
ther
s
othe
r
Dat
a de
tails
Are
thes
e da
ta a
vaila
ble
in p
ublis
hed
repo
rts?
Titl
e(s)
?
How
acc
urat
e ar
e th
e da
ta?
Exp
lain
you
r an
swer
.
How
long
has
the
orga
niza
tion
or a
genc
y co
llect
ed th
e da
ta?
How
oft
en a
re th
e da
ta c
olle
cted
?
Dat
a Po
int
Acr
es o
f fo
rest
land
:
4481
Com
mun
ity S
usta
inab
ility
Indi
cato
rsB
iodi
vers
ity a
s m
easu
red
by th
e nu
mbe
rof
spe
cies
in a
n an
nual
bir
d co
unt
Rea
sons
for
sel
ectio
nB
iodi
vers
ity, a
s m
easu
red
by b
ird
spec
ies,
is li
nked
to h
abita
t div
ersi
ty a
nd w
ater
and
air
qual
ity. B
irds
and
the
food
s th
ey e
at a
re s
ensi
tive
to w
ater
and
air
pol
lu-
tion.
Man
y bi
rds
are
habi
tat s
peci
fic
they
nee
d ce
t Fai
n ha
bita
ts, s
uch
as o
ldgr
owth
for
ests
, wet
land
s an
d gr
assl
ands
, for
whi
ch th
ere
are
no s
ubst
itute
s. T
helo
ss o
f th
ese
habi
tat t
ypes
res
ults
in th
e de
clin
e or
ext
erm
inat
ion
of c
erta
in b
ird
spec
ies.
Als
o, b
ird-
wat
chin
g an
d re
late
d to
uris
m a
ctili
ities
hav
e im
port
ant e
co-
nom
ic b
enef
its.
Bir
d po
pula
tions
als
o ar
e lin
ked
to in
tern
atio
nal h
umiT
pop
ulat
ion
pres
sure
s.B
ecau
se b
irds
are
mig
rato
ry, t
hey
depe
nd o
n in
tern
atio
nal d
estin
atio
ns f
or w
inte
rha
bita
t. Po
pula
tion
pres
sure
s in
thes
e ar
eas
may
des
tr )
y fo
rest
s th
at p
rovi
de w
inte
rha
bita
t. B
irds
then
lose
thei
r ho
mes
, and
thei
r nu
mbe
r is
dec
line.
How
to m
easu
reB
ird
coun
ts a
re ta
ken
annu
ally
by
a nu
mbe
r of
nat
ion,
i1 a
nd lo
cal o
rnith
olog
ical
inst
itutio
ns. T
he N
atio
nal A
udub
on S
ocie
ty c
ondu
cts
innu
al w
inte
r bi
rd c
ount
sth
at u
se s
tand
ardi
zed
met
hods
. Sta
te o
rnith
olog
ical
soc
ietie
s m
ay c
olle
ct s
imila
rda
ta b
ut f
or d
iffe
rent
sea
sons
, suc
h as
mig
rato
ry s
prin
; bi
rd c
ount
s or
sum
mer
bree
ding
bir
d su
rvey
s. N
atio
nal A
udub
on S
ocie
ty b
ircl
cou
nt d
ata
are
publ
ishe
d in
its jo
urna
l, A
mer
ican
Bir
ds, o
r av
aila
ble
via
the
Inte
rn e
t at h
ttp://
ww
w.im
.nbs
.gov
/bb
s/in
troc
bc.h
trn1
82
Doc
umen
tatio
n
Dat
a so
urce
orga
niza
tion/
agen
cy:
cont
act n
ame:
phon
e nu
mbe
r:
Dat
a co
llect
ion
met
hod
dire
ct m
easu
rem
ents
proj
ectio
ns b
ased
on
sam
ples
form
s or
rep
orts
sen
t in
by o
ther
s
othe
r
Dat
a de
tails
Are
thes
e da
ta a
vaila
ble
in p
ublis
hed
repo
rts?
Titl
e(s)
?
How
acc
urat
e ar
e th
e da
ta?
Exp
lain
you
r an
swer
.
How
long
has
the
orga
niza
tion
or a
genc
y co
llect
ed th
e da
ta?
How
oft
en a
re th
e da
ta c
olle
cted
?
Dat
a po
int
Bio
dive
rsity
as
mea
sure
d by
the
num
ber
of s
peci
es in
an
annu
al b
ird
coun
t:
45
83
SU
ST
AIN
AB
ILIT
Y S
ER
VIC
E P
RO
JEC
TS
SU
ST
AIN
AB
ILIT
Y S
ER
VIC
EP
RO
JEC
TS
Sub
ject
s:bu
sine
ss e
duca
tion,
env
ironm
enta
lsc
ienc
e, fa
mily
stu
dies
, for
eign
lang
uage
, hea
lth, l
angu
age
arts
,m
ath,
mus
ic, s
ocia
l sci
ence
,te
chno
logy
edu
catio
n, v
isua
l art
san
d vo
catio
nal e
duca
tion,
am
ong
othe
rs
Voc
abul
ary:
serv
ice
lear
ning
Obj
ectiv
e:S
tude
nts
will
bec
ome
invo
lved
inw
orki
ng to
war
d co
mm
unity
sust
aina
bilit
y an
d w
ill in
crea
seth
eir
abili
ty to
pla
n an
d co
mpl
ete
apr
ojec
t out
side
the
scho
ol s
ettin
g.
Met
hod:
Stu
dent
s w
ill id
entif
y, p
lan,
impl
emen
t, ev
alua
te a
nd r
efle
ct o
n
a co
mm
unity
-bas
ed s
ervi
cepr
ojec
t
that
pro
mot
es c
omm
unity
sust
aina
bilit
y.
Mat
eria
ls:
stud
ent p
ages
(S
ervi
ce P
roje
ctP
ropo
sal a
nd S
elf-
Eva
luat
ion)
,pe
ncil,
pap
er a
nd o
ther
sup
plie
s
86
Bac
kgro
und:
Ser
vice
lear
ning
is d
efin
ed b
y th
e M
aryl
and
Sta
te D
epar
tmen
tof
Edu
catio
n as
"m
akin
g a
diffe
renc
e th
roug
h ac
tions
of c
arin
g by
per
sona
l
cont
act,
eith
er in
the
scho
ol o
r th
e co
mm
unity
, with
prep
arat
ion
and
refle
ctio
n."
Alth
ough
ser
vice
lear
ning
is s
imila
r to
trad
ition
al s
choo
l-bas
ed
activ
ities
like
com
mun
ity s
ervi
ce a
nd v
olun
teer
ism
, it i
s un
ique
in th
at it
link
s th
ese
effo
rts
with
aca
dem
ic le
arni
ng.
Thr
ough
ser
vice
lear
ning
, stu
dent
s ga
in a
gre
ater
aw
aren
ess
of h
ow th
ey c
an b
ecom
e in
volv
ed a
ctiv
ely
in im
prov
ing
thei
rsc
hool
s an
d co
mm
u-
nitie
s. P
artic
ipat
ion
in c
omm
unity
act
iviti
es a
nd d
ecis
ion
mak
ing
are
cent
ral t
o co
mm
unity
sus
tain
abili
ty. H
owev
er, m
any
citiz
ens
lack
the
prac
tical
exp
erie
nce
of w
orki
ng w
ith c
omm
unity
mem
bers
outs
ide
thei
r ho
me
or w
orkp
lace
.
Ser
vice
lear
ning
pre
pare
s st
uden
ts to
wor
k co
llabo
rativ
ely
as p
art
of a
team
, to
assu
me
a br
oad
rang
e of
rol
es a
nd r
espo
nsib
ilitie
sw
ithin
a
grou
p, a
nd to
take
prid
e in
gro
up a
ndin
divi
dual
acc
ompl
ishm
ent.
It pr
epar
es s
tude
nts
to o
rgan
ize
peop
le to
get
ajo
b do
ne a
nd to
val
ue w
orki
ng
with
oth
ers.
Stu
dent
s ga
in a
n ap
prec
iatio
n of
the
dutie
s an
dpr
ivile
ges
of c
itize
nshi
p an
d an
und
erst
andi
ng o
f the
pol
itica
l pro
cess
.The
y le
arn
how
to a
rtic
ulat
e co
ncer
ns a
bout
a p
robl
em a
nd h
ow to
dev
elop
crea
tive
solu
tions
. The
y le
arn
the
bene
fits
of p
erse
vera
nce
and
wor
king
with
a
varie
ty o
f peo
ple.
Ser
vice
lear
ning
pro
vide
s an
opp
ortu
nity
toex
plor
e th
e co
ncep
t of s
ervi
ce a
nd d
evel
op in
terp
erso
nal a
ndco
mm
unic
atio
n
skill
s.
Ser
vice
lear
ning
als
o he
lps
stud
ents
lear
n ab
out a
nd w
ork
toso
lve
issu
es r
elat
ed to
com
mun
ity s
usta
inab
ility
. The
se is
sues
may
be la
rgel
y
envi
ronm
enta
l, so
cial
or
econ
omic
, or
they
may
be
a ba
lanc
ed b
lend
of tw
o or
mor
e of
thes
e. T
here
are
man
y di
ffere
nt k
inds
of p
roje
cts
stud
ents
can
unde
rtak
e to
pro
mot
e su
stai
nabi
lity.
Pro
ject
s th
at r
educ
e ou
r us
e of
nat
ural
res
ourc
es o
r im
prov
e th
een
viro
nmen
t, pr
ojec
ts th
at a
ssis
t
dise
nfra
nchi
sed
mem
bers
of o
ur c
omm
unity
or
wor
k to
cor
rect
an
inju
stic
e, o
r pr
ojec
ts th
at e
ncou
rage
"gr
een"
bus
ines
ses
are
amon
g th
e m
any
poss
ibili
ties.
Ser
vice
lear
ning
pro
ject
s de
velo
p cr
itica
l lea
ders
hip
skill
s.A
ccor
ding
ly, c
are
shou
ld b
e ta
ken
to e
nsur
e th
at s
tude
nts
sele
ct p
roje
cts
appr
opria
te
to th
eir
lead
ersh
ip s
kill
leve
lpr
ojec
ts th
at c
halle
nge
but p
rovi
de r
ealis
tic o
ppor
tuni
ties
for
succ
ess.
Her
e ar
e ju
st a
few
idea
s fo
r co
mm
unity
sust
aina
bilit
y se
rvic
e le
arni
ng p
roje
cts.
The
y ar
e lis
ted
by le
ader
ship
leve
l.
Inte
rmed
iate
Lea
ders
hip
- re
quire
s so
me
dire
ct s
uper
visi
onbu
t pro
vide
s op
port
uniti
es fo
r in
depe
nden
t jud
gmen
t
Con
tact
a lo
cal e
nviro
nmen
tal o
rgan
izat
ion
or s
ocia
l ser
vice
s ag
ency
and
part
icip
ate
in o
ne o
f its
pro
ject
s. F
or e
xam
ple,
stu
dent
s ca
n w
ork
with
loca
l age
ncie
s to
pla
nt tr
ees
in lo
cal p
arks
, sch
ools
or
othe
r pu
blic
pla
ces.
Exp
erie
nced
Lea
ders
hip
- re
quire
s lit
tle d
irect
sup
ervi
sion
and
prov
ides
mor
e op
port
uniti
es fo
r in
depe
nden
t jud
gmen
t
Impr
ove
ener
gy u
se e
ffici
ency
. Lea
rn to
wea
ther
-str
ip d
oors
and
win
dow
s. C
heck
sev
eral
hom
es a
nd w
eath
er-s
trip
them
.
Con
duct
a c
reek
cle
an-u
p an
d re
cycl
e re
cove
red
mat
eria
ls.
Sta
rt a
com
mun
ity s
usta
inab
ility
col
umn
in y
our
scho
ol n
ewsp
aper
.T
rans
late
a b
roch
ure
abou
t a c
omm
unity
sus
tain
abili
ty to
pic
into
ano
ther
lang
uage
spo
ken
in y
our
com
mun
ity.
Adv
ance
d Le
ader
ship
- p
rovi
des
man
y op
port
uniti
es fo
r in
depe
nden
tjud
gmen
t as
wel
l as
som
e ad
viso
ry a
nd s
uper
viso
ry r
espo
nsib
ilitie
s
Stu
dy a
com
mun
ity s
usta
inab
ility
issu
e. P
repa
re a
nd te
ach
less
ons
tocl
asse
s of
you
nger
stu
dent
s.
49
Pre
pare
and
dis
trib
ute
a ha
ndbo
ok o
f sm
all-s
cale
bus
ines
s se
rvic
es, s
uch
as s
ewin
g,w
ord
proc
essi
ng a
nd p
et c
are,
that
are
offe
red
by c
omm
unity
mem
bers
.A
rran
ge fo
r pu
blic
offi
cial
s to
dis
cuss
com
mun
ity s
usta
inab
ility
issu
es, s
uch
as la
ndpl
anni
ng, t
rans
port
atio
n or
ene
rgy
use
durin
g yo
ur s
ocia
l stu
dies
cla
ss.
Org
aniz
e a
"Car
eers
for
Com
mun
ity S
usta
inab
ility
" da
y w
ith g
uest
spe
aker
s.C
ondu
ct a
sch
ool-b
ased
sus
tain
abili
ty a
udit.
Loo
k at
ene
rgy
use,
was
te m
anag
emen
t,la
ndsc
ape
mai
nten
ance
, sto
rm w
ater
man
agem
ent,
etc.
Proc
edur
e:1.
Hav
e st
uden
ts r
efle
ct o
n w
hat t
hey
have
lear
ned
in th
e fir
st fi
ve s
ectio
ns o
f thi
s m
ini-
curr
icul
um. W
hat i
s co
mm
unity
sus
tain
abili
ty, a
nd h
ow c
an it
ben
efit
me
and
my
com
mu-
nity
? H
ow d
o so
cial
, env
ironm
enta
l and
eco
nom
ic fa
ctor
s af
fect
act
iviti
es in
my
com
mu-
nity
? A
re th
ere
spec
ial c
hara
cter
istic
s th
at a
re w
orth
res
torin
g or
pre
serv
ing
in m
y co
mm
u-ni
ty?
Wha
t is
my
visi
on o
f life
in m
y co
mm
unity
in th
e fu
ture
? H
ave
indi
cato
rs id
entif
ied
prio
rity
issu
es th
at s
houl
d be
add
ress
ed in
my
com
mun
ity?
How
can
I ge
t inv
olve
d in
prom
otin
g su
stai
nabi
lity
in m
y co
mm
unity
?
2. D
ecid
e w
heth
er th
e en
tire
clas
s w
ill d
esig
n an
d un
dert
ake
a si
ngle
pro
ject
or
if st
uden
tsw
ill w
ork
in s
mal
l gro
ups
and
com
plet
e se
vera
l pro
ject
s. O
nce
this
is d
eter
min
ed, b
egin
the
task
of i
dent
ifyin
g a
pote
ntia
l pro
ject
or
proj
ects
.
3. H
ave
the
clas
s or
stu
dent
gro
ups
com
plet
e th
e C
omm
unity
Sus
tain
abili
ty S
ervi
ce P
roje
ctP
ropo
sal s
tude
nt p
age.
Stu
dent
s sh
ould
kee
p th
e fo
llow
ing
tips
in m
ind
whe
n se
lect
ing
a pr
ojec
t and
dev
elop
ing
prop
osal
s:
Mak
e su
re th
e pr
ojec
ts a
re in
tere
stin
g an
d th
at th
e ac
tiviti
es p
rovi
de a
ser
vice
the
com
mun
ity n
eeds
.
Pla
n th
e pr
ojec
ts c
aref
ully
and
rea
listic
ally
.
Be
will
ing
to m
ake
com
mitm
ents
and
kee
p th
em.
Be
prep
ared
to tu
rn p
robl
ems
into
lear
ning
opp
ortu
nitie
s if
the
proj
ects
don
't go
exac
tly a
s pl
anne
d.
Iden
tify
othe
r co
mm
unity
gro
ups
that
alre
ady
may
be
cond
uctin
g si
mila
r pr
ojec
ts a
ndpu
rsue
opp
ortu
nitie
s fo
r co
llabo
ratio
n, if
app
ropr
iate
.
Rem
embe
r th
at if
the
proj
ects
req
uire
mon
ey, g
rant
writ
ing
or o
ther
fund
-rai
sing
effo
rts
will
be
nece
ssar
y.
4. R
evie
w th
e pr
ojec
t pro
posa
l(s).
If s
tude
nts
are
wor
king
in s
mal
l gro
ups,
ask
them
topr
esen
t the
ir pr
opos
als
to th
e cl
ass.
Oth
er s
tude
nts
or s
tude
nt g
roup
s sh
ould
be
enco
urag
edto
mak
e su
gges
tions
abo
ut h
ow to
str
engt
hen
the
proj
ects
.
50
5. S
tude
nts
shou
ld m
ake
any
need
ed r
evis
ions
to th
eir
prop
osal
s an
d co
nduc
t any
nec
essa
rypr
e-pr
ojec
t res
earc
h. S
tude
nts
shou
ld c
onst
ruct
a ti
me
line
for
impl
emen
ting
the
proj
ect a
ndid
entif
y de
adlin
es fo
r: 1
) fir
st w
ritte
n pr
ogre
ss r
epor
ts a
nd p
rese
ntat
ions
; 2)
seco
nd w
ritte
npr
ogre
ss r
epor
ts a
nd p
rese
ntat
ions
; 3)
actu
al p
roje
ct c
ompl
etio
n; 4
) co
mpl
eted
writ
ten
proj
ect e
valu
atio
n an
d pr
esen
tatio
ns; 5
) co
mpl
eted
, writ
ten
self-
eval
uatio
n; a
nd 6
) op
tiona
lfo
llow
-up
pres
enta
tions
, writ
ing
proj
ects
, pos
ters
, etc
. Pos
t the
se d
eadl
ines
in a
pro
min
ent
plac
e in
the
clas
sroo
m.
6. S
tude
nts
shou
ld g
ive
shor
t pro
gres
s re
port
pre
sent
atio
ns to
the
clas
s on
des
igna
ted
days
.T
he c
lass
sho
uld
be e
ncou
rage
d to
sup
port
and
giv
e he
lpfu
l sug
gest
ions
to th
e pr
ojec
tte
am(s
). T
he te
am(s
) sh
ould
sol
icit
sugg
estio
ns fr
om th
e cl
ass
for
solv
ing
prob
lem
s. W
ritte
npr
ogre
ss r
epor
ts m
ay b
e ac
com
pani
ed b
y pi
ctur
es, s
lides
, vid
eota
pe a
nd/o
r co
mpu
ter
grap
hics
. Dis
play
writ
ten
prog
ress
rep
orts
nea
r th
e po
sted
dea
dlin
es.
7. S
tude
nts
shou
ld u
se th
e gu
idel
ines
they
des
igne
d in
the
prop
osal
to p
repa
re a
pro
ject
eval
uatio
n an
d pr
esen
t it t
o th
e cl
ass
on a
des
igna
ted
day.
Writ
ten
proj
ect e
valu
atio
ns m
aybe
acc
ompa
nied
by
pict
ures
, slid
es, v
ideo
tape
and
/or
com
pute
r gr
aphi
cs. D
ispl
ay th
ew
ritte
n pr
ojec
t eva
luat
ions
with
the
prog
ress
rep
orts
.
8. S
tude
nts
indi
vidu
ally
sho
uld
com
plet
e a
Sel
f-E
valu
atio
n st
uden
t pag
e. Y
ou a
lso
may
choo
se to
hav
e th
e st
uden
ts w
rite
a le
ss s
truc
ture
d se
lf-ev
alua
tion.
9. S
ugge
stio
ns fo
r fo
llow
-up
are
incl
uded
in th
e ex
tens
ions
list
ed b
elow
.
Ext
ensi
ons:
I.H
ave
stud
ents
des
ign
post
ers
abou
t the
ir co
mm
unity
sus
tain
abili
ty s
ervi
ce p
roje
cts.
Hav
est
uden
ts u
se th
e po
ster
s to
mak
e pr
esen
tatio
ns a
bout
thei
r pr
ojec
ts to
: 1)
othe
r st
uden
ts in
thei
r gr
ade
or o
ther
gra
des,
2)
stud
ents
in o
ther
sch
ools
, 3)
thei
r ci
ty o
r to
wn
coun
cil,
or4)
oth
er c
omm
unity
gro
ups
or o
rgan
izat
ions
.
2. H
ave
stud
ents
writ
e ar
ticle
s ab
out t
heir
com
mun
ity s
usta
inab
ility
ser
vice
pro
ject
s. H
ave
them
sub
mit
the
artic
les
to th
e sc
hool
new
spap
er, l
ocal
new
spap
ers
or lo
cal g
over
nmen
tof
ficia
ls.
3. H
ave
stud
ents
writ
e ab
out a
dditi
onal
ste
ps th
ey c
ould
take
to p
rom
ote
com
mun
itysu
stai
nabi
lity.
Res
ourc
es:
"Hig
h S
choo
l Ser
vice
Lea
rnin
g C
urric
ulum
," 1
994,
ava
ilabl
e fr
om th
e M
aryl
and
Stu
dent
Ser
vice
Alli
ance
, 200
Wes
t Bal
timor
e S
t., B
altim
ore,
Md.
212
01, o
r ca
ll (4
10)
767-
0358
.
"Lea
rnin
g by
Ser
ving
: 2,0
00 Id
eas
for
Ser
vice
-Lea
rnin
g P
roje
cts,
" 19
94, a
vaila
ble
from
Sou
thE
aste
rn R
egio
nal V
isio
n fo
r E
duca
tion,
Rou
te 1
, Box
850
0, 3
841
Rei
d S
t., P
alat
ka,
Fla
. 321
77.
88R
FCT
CA
PV A
VA
II A
PI I
8 SI
CO
MM
UN
ITY
SU
ST
AIN
AB
ILIT
Y S
ER
VIC
E P
RO
JEC
TP
RO
PO
SA
L
NA
ME
S O
F G
RO
UP
ME
MB
ER
S:
PRO
JEC
T T
ITL
E:
1. S
tate
you
r go
al. W
hat d
o yo
u ho
pe to
acc
ompl
ish
by c
ondu
ctin
g th
ispr
ojec
t? H
ow w
ill it
hel
p th
e co
mm
unity
? W
ho w
ill,b
enef
it fr
om y
our
proj
ect?
Be
spec
ific
.
2. I
n ad
ditio
n to
pro
vidi
ng b
enef
its to
the
com
mun
ity, w
hat d
o yo
u ex
pect
tole
arn
from
you
r pr
ojec
t?
3. W
hat s
teps
will
you
take
to r
each
you
r go
al?
Be
spec
ific
.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
4. W
hat p
robl
ems
do y
ou a
ntic
ipat
e?
9051
5. W
hat r
esou
rces
will
you
nee
d (p
eopl
e, m
oney
, etc
.)?
6. W
here
cou
ld y
ou g
et th
ese
reso
urce
s?
7. A
re th
ere
any
othe
r or
gani
zatio
ns o
r in
stitu
tions
con
duct
ing
sim
ilar
proj
ects
? W
ho a
re th
ey?
How
can
you
hel
p th
em?
How
can
they
hel
p yo
u? B
esp
ecif
ic.
8. H
ow w
ill y
ou e
valu
ate
your
pro
ject
? H
ow w
ill y
ou k
now
you
hav
e re
ache
dyo
ur g
oal?
TIM
E L
INE
Star
t Pro
ject
:
Firs
t Pro
gres
s R
epor
t:
Seco
nd P
rogr
ess
Rep
ort:
Com
plet
e Pr
ojec
t:
Proj
ect E
valu
atio
n:
CO
MM
UN
ITY
SU
ST
AIN
AB
ILIT
Y S
ER
VIC
E P
RO
JEC
TSE
LF-
EV
AL
UA
TIO
N
1. B
rief
ly d
escr
ibe
your
pro
ject
.
2. W
hat w
as th
e m
ain
goal
of
this
pro
ject
?
3. D
id y
ou a
ccom
plis
h th
e m
ain
goal
? If
so,
wha
t wer
e th
e ke
ys to
that
succ
ess?
If
not,
wha
t pre
vent
ed y
ou f
rom
atta
inin
g th
e go
al?
4. W
hat p
robl
ems
did
you
enco
unte
r? W
hat d
id y
ou le
arn
from
them
?
92
52
5. D
o yo
u be
lieve
you
r pr
ojec
t hel
ped
adva
nce
com
mun
ity s
usta
inab
ility
?D
iscu
ss y
our
answ
er.
6. D
iscu
ss h
ow th
is p
roje
ct w
ill a
ffec
t you
in th
e fu
ture
, if
at a
ll.
7. D
iscu
ss th
e fo
llow
ing
stat
emen
ts:
a. A
dults
mak
e th
e de
cisi
ons
abou
t wha
t hap
pens
in m
y co
mm
unity
, so
they
shou
ld b
e re
spon
sibl
e fo
r m
akin
g it
a be
tter
plac
e to
live
.
b. I
t's n
ot m
y jo
b. L
et s
omeo
ne e
lse
do it
.
c. L
ivin
g su
stai
nabl
y m
eans
fin
ding
way
s to
mee
t the
nee
ds o
f ev
eryo
ne in
our
com
mun
ity w
hile
res
pect
ing
the
righ
ts o
f fu
ture
gen
erat
ions
to m
eet t
heir
ow
nne
eds.
93
islo
wl
p5.
1111
1111
e4
'''"r,
(4:>
e4c
*Z$`
!INIM
MI1
1114
;&\
`e',4
Mill
atk
tfiv
...,.
INF
OR
MA
TIO
N T
EC
HN
OLO
GY
CO
NN
EC
TIO
NS
9495
INF
OR
MA
TIO
N T
EC
HN
OLO
GY
CO
NN
EC
TIO
NS
Thi
s se
ctio
n ha
s be
en w
ritte
n fo
r ed
ucat
ors
with
a w
orki
ng k
now
ledg
e of
Int
erne
t and
its
rela
ted
info
rmat
ion
tech
nolo
gies
.
The
fie
lds
of c
omm
unity
sus
tain
abili
ty a
nd e
nvir
onm
enta
l edu
catio
n fo
r su
stai
nabi
lity
emer
ged
in th
e ea
rly
1990
s. T
oday
, res
earc
h ab
out t
hese
topi
cs c
ontin
ues,
and
new
info
rmat
ion
abou
t sus
tain
abili
ty is
bec
omin
g av
aila
ble
on a
dai
ly b
asis
. One
way
to le
arn
abou
t ong
oing
com
mun
ity s
usta
inab
ility
pro
ject
s an
d to
fin
d ou
t abo
ut th
e re
sults
of
curr
ent
rese
arch
is th
roug
h eq
ually
new
info
rmat
ion
tech
nolo
gies
, lik
e th
e In
tern
et.
Man
y or
gani
zatio
ns e
ngag
ed in
com
mun
ity s
usta
inab
ility
or
the
broa
der
fiel
d of
sus
tain
able
deve
lopm
ent p
ost t
heir
info
rmat
ion
on th
e In
tern
et. S
ome
of th
is in
form
atio
n is
inte
nded
for
plan
ners
and
arc
hite
cts,
som
e is
for
pol
icy-
mak
ers,
and
som
e is
for
com
mun
ity a
dvoc
ates
.M
uch
of th
is in
form
atio
n m
ay b
e us
eful
to s
tude
nts
cond
uctin
g re
sear
ch a
bout
the
com
plex
mix
of
econ
omic
, soc
ial a
nd e
nvir
onm
enta
l iss
ues
that
infl
uenc
e su
stai
nabi
lity.
Info
rmat
ion
may
be
obta
ined
thro
ugh
a va
riet
y of
Int
erne
t ser
vice
s. E
lect
roni
c m
ail (
e-m
ail)
allo
ws
stud
ents
to e
xcha
nge
mes
sage
s w
ith a
nyon
e ar
ound
the
glob
e --
oft
en f
or th
e co
st o
fa
loca
l tel
epho
ne c
all.
It is
a p
erso
nal t
ype
of c
omm
unic
atio
n th
at r
equi
res
the
send
er to
know
the
e-m
ail a
ddre
ss o
f th
e re
ceiv
er. A
n In
tern
et e
-mai
l add
ress
is d
ispl
ayed
in th
e fo
rm"u
ser@
syst
em."
"Lis
tser
vers
" ar
e m
ailin
g lis
ts o
f in
divi
dual
s w
ho a
re in
tere
sted
in a
com
mon
topi
c. T
his
is a
help
ful a
venu
e fo
r pe
ople
sea
rchi
ng f
or c
olla
bora
tors
and
col
leag
ues.
Int
erne
t use
rs c
an a
ddor
rem
ove
them
selv
es f
rom
a li
st b
y se
ndin
g an
e-m
ail m
essa
ge to
the
lists
erve
r.
Inte
rnet
"go
pher
s" p
rovi
de a
cces
s to
info
rmat
ion
and
reso
urce
s su
ch a
s da
ta b
ases
acc
es-
sibl
e to
the
"gop
her
site
." M
any
colle
ges,
uni
vers
ities
and
uni
vers
ity s
yste
ms
mai
ntai
ngo
pher
site
s. G
ophe
r si
tes
have
sea
rch
tool
s lik
e "V
eron
ica"
that
can
be
used
to s
earc
h fo
rite
ms,
acc
essi
ble
to th
e go
pher
, tha
t mat
ch k
ey w
ords
like
sus
tain
abili
ty.
An
Inte
rnet
fea
ture
cal
led
"Tel
net"
allo
ws
stud
ents
to v
isit
any
Inte
rnet
-acc
essi
ble
priv
ate
orpu
blic
com
pute
r. F
or e
xam
ple,
Tel
net m
ay b
e us
ed to
acc
ess
a lo
cal l
ibra
ry's
ele
ctro
nic
card
cata
log.
Inte
rnet
"R
elay
Cha
ts"
allo
w s
tude
nts
to e
xcha
nge
info
rmat
ion
with
oth
er s
tude
nts
and
rese
arch
ers
in r
eal t
ime.
9655
The
"W
orld
Wid
e W
eb"
(WW
W)
is a
col
lect
ion
of in
divi
dual
info
rmat
ion
sour
ces
linke
dby
"hy
pert
ext."
Hyp
erte
xt is
a w
ord
or g
raph
ic im
age
that
whe
n se
lect
ed a
llow
s th
e us
er to
mov
e fr
om in
form
atio
n so
urce
to in
form
atio
n so
urce
. Ele
ctro
nic
reso
urce
sea
rche
s al
so m
aybe
con
duct
ed o
n th
e W
WW
usi
ng s
ervi
ces
with
pro
duct
nam
es li
ke "
Alta
Vis
ta."
Prio
r to
usi
ng th
ese
serv
ices
, stu
dent
s sh
ould
be
prov
ided
with
a s
et o
f gu
idel
ines
for
the
Inte
rnet
. Edu
cato
rs a
lso
shou
ld s
peci
fy c
onse
quen
ces
for
abus
e of
Int
erne
t pri
vile
ges.
Stud
ent c
ontr
acts
for
Int
erne
t use
com
mon
ly a
re d
evel
oped
to e
mph
asiz
e th
e im
port
ance
of
usin
g th
e In
tern
et s
olel
y to
com
plet
e ap
prop
riat
e re
sear
ch a
nd c
omm
unic
atio
n ta
sks.
The
rol
e of
edu
cato
rs, a
ssis
ting
stud
ents
with
Int
erne
t res
ourc
es, i
s to
hel
p st
uden
ts f
ind
data
sou
rces
, und
erst
and
data
, use
dat
a, c
omm
unic
ate
thei
r id
eas
and
find
ings
with
oth
ers,
and
to h
elp
them
eva
luat
e th
eir
idea
s an
d fi
ndin
gs b
ased
on
the
inpu
t of
othe
rs. A
key
ste
pin
this
pro
cess
is e
ncou
ragi
ng s
tude
nts
to a
sses
s cr
itica
lly th
e in
form
atio
n th
ey f
ind
and
help
ing
them
eva
luat
e th
e sc
ient
ific
mer
its o
f th
e in
form
atio
n. S
ome
ques
tions
stu
dent
s m
ayas
k to
hel
p an
alyz
e th
e in
form
atio
n th
ey o
btai
n ar
e:
Doe
s th
e in
form
atio
n re
pres
ent s
omeo
ne's
opi
nion
or
is it
sup
port
ed b
y sc
ient
ific
evid
ence
?
Doe
s th
e in
form
atio
n co
me
from
a r
ecog
nize
d ex
pert
or
auth
ority
on
the
topi
c? D
oes
the
auth
or h
ave
prof
essi
onal
trai
ning
in th
e ar
ea a
bout
whi
ch th
ey a
re w
ritin
g? D
oes
the
auth
or h
ave
scie
ntif
ic e
vide
nce
to s
uppo
rt h
is o
r he
r op
inio
n?
Doe
s th
e in
form
atio
n pr
omot
e a
part
icul
ar p
oint
of
view
that
is n
ot c
ompl
etel
ysu
ppor
ted
by s
cien
tific
evi
denc
e?
Doe
s ot
her
scie
ntif
ic e
vide
nce
exis
t tha
t con
trad
icts
the
auth
or's
or
auth
ors'
cla
ims?
Is th
ere
an a
ltern
ativ
e im
part
ial s
ourc
e fo
r th
e in
form
atio
n?
97
WO
RLD
WID
E W
EB
SE
AR
CH
TO
OLS
The
fol
low
ing
is a
list
of
som
e of
the
Wor
ld W
ide
Web
's s
earc
h to
ols.
By
usin
g ke
y w
ords
or p
hras
es, s
tude
nt r
esea
rche
rs c
an n
avig
ate
thro
ugh
the
WW
W in
sea
rch
of in
form
atio
n.
The
sea
rch
tool
nam
e (i
n bo
ld),
its
UR
L (
unif
orm
res
ourc
e lo
cato
r or
its
Inte
rnet
add
ress
)an
d its
pro
vide
r ar
e in
clud
ed in
eac
h lis
ting.
Thi
s lis
t is
not e
xhau
stiv
e, b
ut is
mea
nt to
pro
vide
a s
tart
ing
poin
t for
res
earc
h. I
nclu
sion
does
not
con
stitu
te a
n en
dors
emen
t by
the
Izaa
k W
alto
n L
eagu
e of
Am
eric
a or
the
auth
ors
of th
is m
ini-
curr
icul
um.
Alta
Vis
taht
tp://
ww
w.a
ltavi
sta.
digi
tal.c
om/
Thi
s se
arch
tool
is a
pro
duct
of
Dig
ital E
quip
men
t Cor
p.
Info
Seek
http
://w
ww
2.in
fose
ek.c
om/
Thi
s se
arch
tool
is a
pro
duct
of
Info
Seek
Cor
p.
Inkt
omi
http
://in
ktom
i.ber
kele
y.ed
u/T
his
sear
ch to
ol is
a p
rodu
ct o
f th
e U
nive
rsity
of
Cal
ifor
nia
at B
erke
ley.
Lyc
os I
nc.
http
://ly
cos.
cs.c
mu.
edu/
Thi
s se
arch
tool
is a
pro
duct
of
Car
negi
e M
ello
n U
nive
rsity
.
Met
aCra
wle
rht
tp://
met
acra
wle
r.cs
.was
hing
ton.
edu:
8080
/T
his
is a
col
lect
ion
of e
ight
dif
fere
nt s
earc
h to
ols.
It i
s a
prod
uct o
f E
ric
Selb
erg
and
Ore
nE
tzio
ni.
NIH
http
://w
ww
.alw
.nih
.gov
/WW
W/s
earc
hes.
htm
lT
his
is a
col
lect
ion
of s
earc
h to
ols,
incl
udin
g se
vera
l in
this
list
ing.
It i
s a
prod
uct o
f th
eN
atio
nal I
nstit
utes
of
Hea
lth.
Web
Cra
wle
rht
tp://
web
craw
ler.
com
/T
his
sear
ch to
ol is
a p
rodu
ct o
f A
mer
ica
Onl
ine.
Yah
ooht
tp://
ww
w.y
ahoo
.com
/T
his
sear
ch to
ol is
a p
rodu
ct o
f th
e Y
ahoo
Cor
p.
9856
WO
RLD
WID
E W
EB
SE
RV
ER
ST
he f
ollo
win
g lis
ting
of W
orld
Wid
e W
eb s
erve
rs w
as c
ompi
led
usin
g a
stan
dard
res
ourc
ese
arch
. The
se a
re s
ites
that
pro
vide
acc
ess
to in
form
atio
n an
d hy
pert
ext l
inks
that
allo
wus
ers
to b
row
se p
athw
ays
of s
peci
fic
inte
rest
. The
re is
no
guar
ante
e th
at th
e in
form
atio
nlis
ted
here
will
be
avai
labl
e to
eve
ryon
e, o
r th
at it
will
not
hav
e be
en r
emov
ed b
y its
ow
ner.
The
opi
nion
s ex
pres
sed
are
thos
e of
the
reso
urce
s' a
utho
rs. T
his
is n
ot a
com
preh
ensi
ve li
stof
sus
tain
abili
ty s
ites
on th
e In
tern
et b
ut is
a b
rief
intr
oduc
tion
desi
gned
to p
rovi
de a
star
ting
poin
t tha
t may
lead
stu
dent
s an
d te
ache
rs to
a b
road
ran
ge o
f re
sour
ces
and
info
rmat
ion.
The
res
ourc
e na
me
(in
bold
), it
s U
RL
and
a b
rief
des
crip
tion
of th
e ki
nd o
f in
form
atio
n it
cont
ains
are
incl
uded
in e
ach
listin
g.
Cha
ttano
oga
http
://w
ww
.cha
ttano
oga.
net/S
UST
AIN
/inde
x.ht
ml
Cha
ttano
oga
was
cre
ated
by
Cha
ttano
oga
Com
mun
ity L
ink,
a g
roup
see
king
to f
acili
tate
elec
tron
ic a
cces
s fo
r ci
vic
and
com
mun
ity f
unct
ions
. Its
mis
sion
is to
sha
re in
form
atio
nab
out s
usta
inab
le te
chno
logy
and
dev
elop
men
t, bo
th lo
cally
and
glo
bally
. The
par
ticip
ants
in th
is f
orum
bel
ieve
that
res
pons
ible
use
of
natu
ral r
esou
rces
loca
lly c
an p
rodu
ce g
loba
lre
sults
.
Ear
th C
ounc
ilht
tp://
terr
a.ec
ounc
il.ac
.cr
The
Ear
th C
ounc
il is
an
inte
rnat
iona
l non
gove
rnm
enta
l org
aniz
atio
n st
arte
d in
Nov
embe
r19
93 a
s a
dire
ct r
esul
t of
the
Ear
th S
umm
it. I
t pro
vide
s in
form
atio
n ab
out s
usta
inab
lede
velo
pmen
t aro
und
the
wor
ld.
Eco
Net
http
://w
ww
.eco
net.a
pc.o
rgE
coN
et p
rovi
des
a la
rge
netw
ork
of r
esou
rces
on
a w
ide
rang
e of
env
iron
men
tal t
opic
s.In
form
atio
n ab
out s
usta
inab
ility
and
pop
ulat
ion
is a
vaila
ble
thro
ugh
the
Eco
Net
Res
ourc
eC
ente
r.
EE
Lin
kht
tp://
ncee
t.snr
e.um
ich.
edu
EE
Lin
k is
a m
aint
aine
d by
the
Uni
vers
ity o
f M
ichi
gan,
a p
artn
er in
the
Env
iron
men
tal
Edu
catio
n T
rain
ing
Proj
ect o
f th
e N
orth
Am
eric
an A
ssoc
iatio
n fo
r E
nvir
onm
enta
l Edu
ca-
tion.
It p
rovi
des
a di
vers
e ra
nge
of e
duca
tor
reso
urce
s in
clud
ing
clas
sroo
m r
esou
rces
,co
ntac
ts, r
efer
ence
info
rmat
ion,
reg
iona
l new
s an
d a
dire
ctor
y.
Env
iroL
ink
Net
wor
kht
tp://
ww
w.e
nvir
olin
k.or
gE
nvir
oLin
k N
etw
ork
is a
non
prof
it or
gani
zatio
n th
at p
rovi
des
on-l
ine
envi
ronm
enta
lin
form
atio
n. I
t pro
vide
s lin
ks to
Gre
en M
arke
tpla
ce a
nd th
e Su
stai
nabl
e E
arth
Ele
ctro
nic
Lib
rary
.
99
IISD
net
http
://iis
dl.ii
sd.c
a/II
SDne
t pro
vide
s tim
ely
info
rmat
ion
abou
t sus
tain
able
dev
elop
men
t res
earc
h, p
lann
ing
and
actio
n ar
ound
the
wor
ld. I
t inc
lude
s gl
obal
new
s ab
out s
usta
inab
le d
evel
opm
ent a
ndin
form
atio
n ab
out s
usta
inab
ility
indi
cato
rs a
nd g
over
nmen
t pol
icy.
Lin
kage
sht
tp://
ww
w.m
bnet
.mb.
ca/li
nkag
esL
inka
ges
is a
mul
timed
ia r
esou
rce
prov
ided
by
the
Inte
rnat
iona
l Ins
titut
e fo
r Su
stai
nabl
eD
evel
opm
ent (
IISD
), a
n in
depe
nden
t Can
adia
n re
sear
ch in
stitu
te. T
his
site
is a
cle
arin
g-ho
use
for
info
rmat
ion
on p
ast a
nd u
pcom
ing
inte
rnat
iona
l mee
tings
rel
ated
to th
e en
viro
n-m
ent a
nd d
evel
opm
ent.
It s
erve
s as
a h
ub f
or s
usta
inab
le d
evel
opm
ent i
ssue
s.
Pop
Clo
ckht
tp://
ww
w.c
ensu
s.go
vT
he U
.S. C
ensu
s B
urea
u pr
ovid
es a
cces
s to
cur
rent
pop
ulat
ion
info
rmat
ion
for
the
Uni
ted
Stat
es a
nd th
e w
orld
.
Popu
latio
n R
efer
ence
Bur
eau
http
://w
ww
.prb
.org
/prb
/T
he P
opul
atio
n R
efer
ence
Bur
eau
prov
ides
tim
ely,
obj
ectiv
e in
form
atio
n ab
out U
nite
dSt
ates
and
wor
ld h
uman
pop
ulat
ion
tren
ds.
Sols
tice
http
://so
lstic
e.cr
est.o
rg/
Sols
tice
is th
e In
tern
et in
form
atio
n se
rvic
e of
the
Cen
ter
for
Ren
ewab
le E
nerg
y an
dSu
stai
nabl
e T
echn
olog
y. I
t pro
vide
s in
form
atio
n ab
out e
nerg
y ef
fici
ency
, ren
ewab
le e
nerg
yan
d su
stai
nabl
e liv
ing.
Uni
ted
Nat
ions
Dev
elop
men
t Pro
gram
me
http
://w
ww
.und
p.or
g/T
he U
nite
d N
atio
ns D
evel
opm
ent P
rogr
amm
e si
te is
a g
atew
ay to
res
ourc
es p
rovi
ded
by th
eU
nite
d N
atio
ns. I
t has
link
s to
the
Uni
ted
Nat
ions
Env
iron
men
t Pro
gram
me
(UN
EP)
,Po
pula
tion
Info
rmat
ion
Net
wor
k (P
OPI
N)
and
sear
ch e
ngin
es f
or o
ther
WW
W s
ites.
Uni
ted
Stat
es E
nvir
onm
enta
l Pro
tect
ion
Age
ncy
http
://w
ww
.epa
.gov
The
U.S
. Env
iron
men
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y m
aint
ains
a s
earc
habl
e da
ta b
ase
that
cov
ers
aw
ide
rang
e of
env
iron
men
tal t
opic
s in
its
on-l
ine
libra
ry s
yste
m.
You
th S
ourc
eboo
k on
Sus
tain
able
Dev
elop
men
tht
tp://
iisdl
.iisd
.ca/
yout
h/ys
bk00
0.ht
mT
he Y
outh
Sou
rceb
ook
on S
usta
inab
le D
evel
opm
ent c
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ins
info
rmat
ion
on y
outh
s'co
ncer
ns a
bout
sus
tain
able
dev
elop
men
t iss
ues
and
case
stu
dies
of
yout
h ac
tion.
It a
lso
prov
ides
adv
ice
abou
t how
to o
rgan
ize
for
actio
n, u
sefu
l res
ourc
e lis
ts a
nd a
dir
ecto
ry o
fin
tern
atio
nal a
nd r
egio
nal y
outh
org
aniz
atio
ns.
1 0
057
BU
LLE
TIN
BO
AR
D L
IST
SE
RV
ER
ST
he f
ollo
win
g is
a s
hort
list
of
bulle
tin b
oard
list
serv
ers.
The
se a
re m
ailin
g lis
ts o
f in
divi
du-
als
who
are
inte
rest
ed in
a c
omm
on to
pic.
To
join
a li
st, s
end
an e
-mai
l mes
sage
to th
elis
tser
ver
addr
ess.
In
the
body
of
the
mes
sage
type
"su
bscr
ibe
list n
ame
your
nam
e."
To
rem
ove
your
nam
e fr
om a
list
, sen
d a
mes
sage
to th
e lis
tser
ver
stat
ing
"uns
ubsc
ribe
list
nam
e yo
ur n
ame.
"
The
list
serv
er n
ame
(in
bold
), it
s e-
mai
l add
ress
and
a b
rief
des
crip
tion
of th
e to
pics
itco
vers
and
the
inte
nded
aud
ienc
e ar
e in
clud
ed f
or e
ach
listin
g.
As
in th
e ot
her
lists
, thi
s lis
ting
of b
ulle
tin b
oard
list
serv
ers
is n
eith
er c
ompl
ete
nor
endo
rsed
by
the
Izaa
k W
alto
n L
eagu
e of
Am
eric
a or
the
auth
ors
of th
is m
ini-
curr
icul
um.
The
opi
nion
s ex
pres
sed
are
thos
e of
the
lists
erve
sub
scri
bers
.
EN
VST
-L (
Env
iron
men
tal S
tudi
es D
iscu
ssio
n L
ist)
lists
erv@
brow
n.br
own.
edu
Thi
s is
a m
oder
atel
y ac
tive
grou
p th
at d
iscu
sses
a v
arie
ty o
f en
viro
nmen
tal i
ssue
s of
ten
rela
ted
to e
duca
tion
and
teac
hing
.
Kid
sphe
reki
dsph
ere-
requ
est@
vms.
cis.
pift
edu
Thi
s is
a v
ery
activ
e gr
oup
of e
duca
tors
who
dis
cuss
and
sha
re in
form
atio
n ab
out s
tude
ntpr
ojec
ts.
eco-
curr
icul
umlis
tpro
c@en
viro
link.
org
Thi
s lis
t is
supp
orte
d by
the
Env
irol
ink
Net
wor
k. I
ts p
urpo
se is
to d
iscu
ss e
nvir
onm
enta
led
ucat
ion.
RE
SO
UR
CE
S"I
nter
net A
ctiv
ities
Usi
ng S
cien
tific
Dat
a: A
Sel
f-G
uide
d E
xplo
ratio
n,"
by S
tan
Fros
eth
and
Bar
bara
Pop
pe, 1
995,
ava
ilabl
e fr
om th
e U
.S. G
over
nmen
t Pri
ntin
g O
ffic
e, W
ashi
ngto
n,D
.C. 2
0402
.
"Int
erne
t for
Dum
mie
s,"
by J
ohn
R. L
evin
e an
d C
arol
Bar
oudi
, 199
3, p
ublis
hed
byID
G B
ooks
Wor
ldw
ide,
Inc
., Sa
n M
ateo
, Cal
if.
101
AP
PE
ND
IXE
S
103
GLO
SS
AR
Y
carr
ying
cap
acity
: the
max
imum
num
ber
of o
rgan
ism
s, s
uch
as p
eopl
e, th
at a
cert
ain
area
of
land
or
wat
er c
an s
uppo
rt f
orev
er w
ithou
t bei
ng d
egra
ded
cons
ensu
s: a
n ag
reem
ent a
mon
g pe
ople
dem
ogra
phic
s: s
tatis
tical
dat
a ab
out t
he d
istr
ibut
ion
and
char
acte
rist
ics
of a
popu
latio
n
econ
omic
dev
elop
men
t: th
e ge
nera
tion
of f
inan
cial
wea
lth a
nd e
mpl
oym
ent u
sing
a ce
rtai
n ar
ea's
hum
an a
nd/o
r na
tura
l res
ourc
es
econ
omy:
the
man
agem
ent o
f a
com
mun
ity's
pro
duct
ion,
dis
trib
utio
n an
d us
e of
fina
ncia
l wea
lth a
nd n
atur
al r
esou
rces
envi
ronm
ent:
all o
f th
e ex
tern
al c
ondi
tions
, inc
ludi
ng e
colo
gica
l, so
cial
and
econ
omic
for
ces,
that
sha
pe th
e lif
e of
a p
erso
n or
a p
opul
atio
n
envi
ronm
enta
l jus
tice:
the
act o
f m
akin
g de
cisi
ons
that
hav
e ju
st a
nd e
quita
ble
envi
ronm
enta
l, ec
onom
ic a
nd s
ocia
l con
sequ
ence
s
hum
an r
esou
rces
: peo
ple'
s kn
owle
dge,
cre
ativ
ity a
nd la
bor,
whi
ch c
an b
e us
ed to
mak
e or
do
som
ethi
ng u
sefu
l
indi
cato
r: a
dat
a po
int o
r m
easu
rem
ent t
hat s
ugge
sts
cert
ain
envi
ronm
enta
l,ec
onom
ic o
r so
cial
con
ditio
ns
inte
grat
ion:
the
act o
f vi
ewin
g di
scre
te e
nvir
onm
enta
l, ec
onom
ic a
nd s
ocia
lfa
ctor
s as
par
t of
a w
hole
mon
itor:
the
act o
f ob
serv
ing,
mea
suri
ng a
nd r
ecor
ding
fea
ture
s of
env
iron
men
tal,
econ
omic
and
soc
ial s
yste
ms
natu
ral r
esou
rces
: mat
eria
ls s
uppl
ied
by n
atur
e, s
uch
as c
oal,
oil,
min
eral
s, w
ater
,so
il, a
nd tr
ees,
that
can
be
used
to m
ake
or d
o so
met
hing
use
ful
per
capi
ta: f
or e
ach
pers
on
scen
ario
: a p
lan
deta
iling
an
imag
ined
ser
ies
of e
vent
s
61
104
serv
ice
lear
ning
: an
ende
avor
that
com
bine
s ac
adem
ic le
arni
ng a
nd v
olun
teer
help
to a
ddre
ss a
com
mun
ity n
eed
soci
ety:
an
orga
nize
d gr
oup
of p
eopl
e liv
ing
toge
ther
as
mem
bers
of
a co
mm
unity
stew
ards
hip:
res
pons
ibili
ty f
or th
e m
anag
emen
t of
envi
ronm
enta
l, ec
onom
ic a
ndso
cial
fac
tors
sust
aina
bilit
y: th
e go
al o
f a
syst
em o
f de
velo
pmen
t tha
t mee
ts th
e ba
sic
need
s of
all p
eopl
e w
ithou
t com
prom
isin
g th
e ab
ility
of
futu
re g
ener
atio
ns to
mee
t the
irow
n lif
e-su
stai
ning
nee
ds
sust
aina
ble
deve
lopm
ent:
a m
etho
d of
gen
erat
ing
wea
lth a
nd e
mpl
oym
ent u
sing
hum
an a
nd/o
r na
tura
l res
ourc
es in
a c
erta
in a
rea
with
out c
ompr
omis
ing
the
abili
tyof
fut
ure
gene
ratio
ns to
mee
t the
ir o
wn
life-
sust
aini
ng n
eeds
tech
nolo
gy: t
he a
pplic
atio
n of
sci
entif
ic in
form
atio
n to
ach
ieve
a p
ract
ical
end
tran
sfor
mat
ion:
a c
hang
e fr
om o
ne s
et o
f en
viro
nmen
tal,
econ
omic
and
/or
soci
alco
nditi
ons
to a
noth
er
visi
onin
g: th
e ac
t of
imag
inin
g an
d de
scri
bing
som
ethi
ng th
at m
ay o
ccur
105
CO
MM
UN
ITY
SU
ST
AIN
AB
ILIT
Y D
IRE
CT
OR
Y
The
fol
low
ing
dire
ctor
y is
a p
artia
l lis
ting
of p
riva
te o
rgan
izat
ions
and
gov
ernm
ent
initi
ativ
es th
at p
rom
ote
com
mun
ity s
usta
inab
ility
acr
oss
the
Uni
ted
Stat
es.
Alli
ance
for
Com
mun
ity E
duca
tion,
510
3 N
. Cra
in H
ighw
ay, B
owie
, Md.
207
15,
(410
) 74
1-01
25.
Anc
hora
ge G
reen
Sta
r Pr
ogra
m, A
lask
a D
epar
tmen
t of
Env
iron
men
tal C
onse
rva-
tion,
360
1 C
St.,
Sui
te 1
334,
Anc
hora
ge, A
lask
a, 9
9503
, (90
7) 5
63-6
529.
Ann
apol
is A
llian
ce f
or S
usta
inab
le C
omm
uniti
es, 5
103
N. C
rain
Hig
hway
, Bow
ie,
Md.
207
15, (
410)
741
-012
5.
App
alac
hia
Scie
nce
in th
e Pu
blic
Int
eres
t, R
oute
5, B
ox 4
23, L
ivin
gsto
n, K
y.40
445,
(60
6) 4
53-2
105.
App
lega
te P
artn
ersh
ip, P
.O. B
ox 3
213,
Ash
land
, Ore
. 975
20, (
503)
482
-603
1.
App
ropr
iate
Tec
hnol
ogy
Tra
nsfe
r fo
r R
ural
Are
as, P
.O. B
ox 3
657,
Fay
ette
ville
,A
rk. 7
2702
, 1-8
00-3
46-9
140.
Arl
ingt
on C
omm
unity
Sus
tain
abili
ty N
etw
ork,
286
0 M
arce
y R
oad,
Arl
ingt
on, V
a.22
207,
(70
3) 5
28-5
406.
Cap
e C
od C
ente
r fo
r th
e E
nvir
onm
ent a
nd a
Sus
tain
able
Eco
nom
y, P
.O. B
ox 1
30,
Hya
nnis
, Mas
s. 0
2601
, (50
8) 3
94-2
863.
Cen
ter
for
Ene
rgy
Res
earc
h/E
duca
tion/
Serv
ice,
Bal
l Sta
te U
nive
rsity
, 200
0 W
.U
nive
rsity
Ave
., M
unci
e, I
nd. 4
7306
, (31
7) 2
85-1
135.
Cen
ter
for
Nei
ghbo
rhoo
d T
echn
olog
y, 2
125
W. N
orth
Ave
., C
hica
go, I
ll. 6
0647
,(3
12)
278-
4800
.
Cen
ter
for
Polic
y A
ltern
ativ
es, 1
875
Con
nect
icut
Ave
. N.W
., Su
ite 7
10, W
ashi
ng-
ton,
D.C
. 200
09, (
202)
387
-603
0.
Cen
ter
for
Rur
al P
enns
ylva
nia,
212
Loc
ust S
t., S
uite
604
, Har
risb
urg,
Pa.
171
01,
(717
) 78
7-95
55.
106
62
Cen
ter
for
Sust
aina
ble
Chu
rch
Lif
e, 1
820
Sanf
ord
Roa
d, W
heat
on, M
d. 2
0902
,(3
01)
593-
4724
.
Cen
ter
for
Sust
aina
ble
Citi
es, C
olle
ge o
f A
rchi
tect
ure,
Uni
vers
ity o
f K
entu
cky,
Lex
ingt
on, K
y. 4
0506
, (60
6) 2
57-7
617.
Cen
ter
for
Sust
aina
ble
Liv
ing,
Rou
te 1
, Box
107
, She
nand
oah
Junc
tion,
W.V
a.25
442,
(30
4) 8
76-0
740.
Cen
ter
for
Urb
an C
omm
unity
Dev
elop
men
t, U
nive
rsity
of
Wis
cons
in, 9
29 S
ixth
St.,
Milw
auke
e, W
is. 5
3203
, (41
4) 2
27-3
270.
Cen
tral
Vir
gini
a Su
stai
nabi
lity
Cou
ncil,
413
E. M
arke
t St.,
Sui
te 1
02,
Cha
rlot
tesv
ille,
Va.
229
01, (
804)
972
-172
0.
Cer
ro G
ordo
Tow
n Fo
rum
, Box
569
, Cot
tage
Gro
ve, O
re. 9
7424
, (50
3) 9
42-7
720.
Cha
ttano
oga
Ven
ture
, 506
Bro
ad S
t., C
hatta
noog
a, T
enn.
374
02, (
615)
267
-868
7.
City
of
Port
land
Ene
rgy
Off
ice,
103
0 Po
rtla
nd B
uild
ing,
112
0 S.
W. F
ifth
St.,
Port
land
, Ore
. 972
04, (
503)
796
-741
8.
City
of
San
Fran
cisc
o B
urea
u of
Ene
rgy
Con
serv
atio
n, P
ublic
Util
ities
Com
mis
-si
on, 1
10 M
cAlli
ster
, Roo
m 4
02, S
an F
ranc
isco
, Cal
if. 9
4102
, (41
5) 8
64-6
915.
City
of
San
Jose
Off
ice
of E
nvir
onm
enta
l Man
agem
ent,
777
N. F
irst
St.,
San
Jos
e,C
alif
. 951
12, (
408)
277
-553
3.
Citi
zen'
s N
etw
ork
for
Sust
aina
ble
Dev
elop
men
t, 73
Spr
ing
St.,
#206
, New
Yor
k,N
.Y. 1
0012
, (21
2) 4
31-3
922.
Citi
zen
Plan
ners
Pro
ject
of
Ven
tura
Cou
nty,
99
Spri
ngda
le C
ourt
, Tho
usan
d O
aks,
Cal
if. 9
1360
, (80
5) 4
92-0
811.
Com
mun
ity E
cono
mic
and
Eco
logi
cal D
evel
opm
ent I
nstit
ute,
180
7 Se
cond
St.,
#2, S
ante
Fe,
N.M
. 875
01.
Com
mun
ity E
nvir
onm
enta
l Cou
ncil,
Gild
ea R
esou
rce
Cen
ter,
930
Mir
amon
teD
rive
, San
ta B
arba
ra, C
alif
. 931
09, (
805)
963
-058
3.
107
Com
mun
ity &
Env
iron
men
tal D
efen
se S
ervi
ces,
P.O
. Box
206
, Mar
ylan
d L
ine,
Md.
211
05, (
410)
329
-819
4.
Com
mun
ity P
artn
ersh
ip N
etw
ork,
500
E. P
ike,
Sea
ttle,
Was
h. 9
8122
,(2
06)
329-
2919
.
Com
mun
ity S
usta
inab
ility
Res
ourc
e In
stitu
te, P
.O. B
ox 1
1343
, Tak
oma
Park
, Md.
2093
1, (
301)
588
-722
7.
Con
cern
Inc
., 17
94 C
olum
bia
Roa
d N
.W.,
Was
hing
ton,
D.C
. 200
09,
(202
) 32
8-81
60.
Con
sort
ium
for
Reg
iona
l Sus
tain
abili
ty, T
ufts
Uni
vers
ity C
ente
r fo
r E
nvir
onm
en-
tal M
anag
emen
t, C
urtis
Hal
l, 47
4 B
osto
n A
ve.,
Med
ford
, Mas
s. 0
2155
,(6
17)
627-
3486
.
Con
text
Ins
titut
e, P
.O. B
ox 1
1470
, Bai
nbri
dge
Isla
nd, W
ash.
981
10,
(202
) 84
2-02
16.
Cou
ntry
side
Ins
titut
e, 2
231
Bro
adw
ay, S
uite
15,
New
Yor
k, N
.Y. 1
0024
,(2
12)
769-
4580
.
Eas
t Ten
ness
ee C
omm
unity
Des
ign
Cen
ter,
152
2 H
ighl
and
Ave
., K
noxv
ille,
Ten
n.37
916,
(61
5) 5
25-9
945.
Eco
city
Bui
lder
s, 5
427
Tel
egra
ph A
ve.,
W2,
Oak
land
, Cal
if. 9
4609
,(5
10)
649-
1817
.
Eco
city
Cle
vela
nd, 3
145
Ber
kshi
re R
oad,
Cle
vela
nd H
eigh
ts, O
hio,
441
18,
(216
) 32
1-64
78.
Eco
hom
e N
etw
ork,
434
4 R
usse
ll A
ve.,
Los
Ang
eles
, Cal
if. 9
0027
,(2
13)
662-
5207
.
Eco
logi
cal L
ife
Syst
ems
Inst
itute
, 292
3 E
. Spr
uce
St.,
San
Die
go, C
alif
. 921
04,
(619
) 28
1-14
47.
Eco
villa
ge a
t Ith
aca,
Cor
nell
Uni
vers
ity, A
nabe
l Tay
lor
Hal
l, It
haca
, N.Y
. 148
53,
(607
) 25
5-82
76.
108
Env
iron
men
tal A
war
enes
s C
ente
r, U
nive
rsity
of
Wis
cons
in, 1
645
Lin
den
Dr.
,M
adis
on, W
is. 5
3706
, (60
8) 2
63-2
808.
Env
iron
men
tal E
duca
tion
Foun
datio
n of
Flo
rida
, 215
Sou
th M
onro
e St
., Su
ite 8
30,
Tal
laha
ssee
, Fla
. 323
01, (
904)
224
-895
0.
Eos
Ins
titut
e, 1
550
Bay
side
Dri
ve, C
oron
a de
l Mar
, Cal
if. 9
2625
, (71
4) 4
97-1
896.
Env
iron
men
tal L
aw I
nstit
ute,
161
6 P
St. N
.W.,
Suite
200
, Was
hing
ton,
D.C
.20
036,
(20
2) 3
28-5
150.
Env
iron
men
tal R
esou
rce
Prog
ram
, Uni
vers
ity o
f N
orth
Car
olin
a, M
iller
Hal
l, C
B#8
165,
Cha
pel H
ill, N
.C. 2
7599
, (91
9) 9
66-7
754.
Env
iron
men
t 201
0, D
epar
tmen
t of
Eco
logy
, P.O
. Box
476
00, O
lym
pia,
Was
h.98
504,
(20
6) 4
07-6
157.
Flor
ida
Dep
artm
ent o
f E
nvir
onm
enta
l Pro
tect
ion,
390
0 C
omm
onw
ealth
Blv
d.,
Mai
l Sta
tion
10, T
alla
hass
ee, F
la. 3
2399
, (90
4) 4
88-1
554.
Flor
ida
Hou
se F
ound
atio
n, 2
477
Stic
kney
Poi
nt R
oad,
Sui
te 1
14A
, Sar
asot
a, F
la.
3423
1, (
813)
922
-566
6.
Glo
bal C
ities
Pro
ject
, 296
2 Fi
llmor
e St
., Sa
n Fr
anci
sco,
Cal
if. 9
4123
,(4
15)
775-
0791
.
The
Goo
d N
eigh
bor
Proj
ect f
or S
usta
inab
le I
ndus
trie
s, P
.O. B
ox 7
9225
, Wav
erly
,M
ass.
021
79, (
617)
489
-368
6.
Gre
en I
nstit
ute,
103
3 E
. Fra
nklin
Ave
., Su
ite 7
A, M
inne
apol
is, M
inn.
554
04,
(612
) 87
4-11
48.
Hea
rtla
nd C
ente
r fo
r L
eade
rshi
p D
evel
opm
ent,
941
0 St
., Su
ite 9
20, L
inco
ln,
Neb
. 685
08, (
402)
474
-766
7.
Idah
o R
ural
Dev
elop
men
t Cou
ncil,
Sta
teho
use
Roo
m 1
22, B
oise
, Ida
ho 8
3720
,(2
08)
334-
3131
.
BE
ST C
OPY
AV
AIL
AB
LE
109
Inst
itute
for
Loc
al S
elf
Rel
ianc
e, 2
425
18th
St.
N.W
., W
ashi
ngto
n, D
.C. 2
0009
:(2
02)
232-
4108
.
Inst
itute
for
Sus
tain
able
Citi
es, 4
85 L
eath
erle
af P
lace
, San
ibel
, Fla
. 339
57,
(813
) 47
2-14
50.
Izaa
k W
alto
n L
eagu
e of
Am
eric
a, C
arry
ing
Cap
acity
Pro
ject
, 707
Con
serv
atio
nL
ane,
Gai
ther
sbur
g, M
d. 2
0878
, (30
1) 5
48-0
150.
Jack
sonv
ille
Com
mun
ity C
ounc
il, I
nc.,
JEA
Tow
er, 1
1 th
Flo
or, 2
1 W
. Chu
rch
St.,
Jack
sonv
ille,
Fla
. 322
02, (
904)
356
-080
0.
Kat
uah
Jour
nal,
P.O
. Box
638
, Lei
cest
er, N
.C. 2
8748
, (70
4) 2
54-6
700.
Ken
tuck
y L
ong-
Ter
m P
olic
y R
esea
rch
Cen
ter,
Sul
livan
Squ
are,
Sui
te 1
00, 2
15 W
.M
ain
St.,
Fran
kfor
t, K
y. 4
0601
, (50
2) 5
64-2
851.
Lea
ders
hip
Tas
k Fo
rce
on S
usta
inab
le E
cono
mic
Dev
elop
men
t, W
ashi
ngto
n St
ate
Dep
artm
ent o
f T
rade
and
Eco
nom
ic D
evel
opm
ent,
2000
1 Si
xth
Ave
., Su
ite 2
700,
Seat
tle, W
ash.
981
21, (
206)
464
-628
2.
Mai
ne C
omm
unity
Fou
ndat
ion,
P.O
. Box
148
, Ells
wor
th, M
aine
046
05,
(207
) 66
7-97
35.
Mai
ne D
evel
opm
ent F
ound
atio
n, 4
5 M
emor
ial C
ircl
e, A
ugus
ta, M
aine
043
30,
(207
) 62
2-63
45.
Mai
ne S
tate
Pla
nnin
g O
ffic
e, S
tate
hous
e St
atio
n #3
8, A
ugus
ta, M
aine
043
33,
(207
) 28
7-32
61.
Mar
bleh
ead
Com
mun
ity O
rgan
ic F
arm
and
Eco
logy
Cen
ter,
38
Hig
h St
.,M
arbl
ehea
d, M
ass.
091
45, (
617)
631
-721
4.
May
woo
d Pr
ojec
t, V
illag
e of
May
woo
d, 1
5 S.
Fif
th A
ve.,
May
woo
d, I
ll. 6
0153
,(7
08)
450-
4429
.
Meg
a-C
ities
Pro
ject
, New
Yor
k U
nive
rsity
, 4 W
ashi
ngto
n Sq
uare
Nor
th, N
ewY
ork,
N.Y
. 100
03, (
212)
998
-752
0.
64
Met
ro W
ashi
ngto
n C
omm
unity
Ind
icat
ors
Proj
ect,
1612
K S
t. N
.W.,
Was
hing
ton,
D.C
. 200
06, (
202)
872
-533
9.
Mid
-Mis
sour
i Cen
ter
for
Sust
aina
ble
Liv
ing,
804
-C E
ast B
road
way
, Col
umbi
a,M
o. 6
5201
, (31
4) 8
75-0
539.
Min
neso
ta S
usta
inab
le D
evel
opm
ent I
nitia
tive,
658
Ced
ar S
t., S
t. Pa
ul. M
inn.
5515
5, (
612)
297
-522
8.
Nat
iona
l Com
mun
ity E
duca
tion
Ass
ocia
tion,
392
9 O
ld L
ee H
ighw
ay, S
uite
91-
A,
Fair
fax,
Va.
220
30, (
703)
359
-897
3.
Net
wor
k fo
r a
Sust
aina
ble
New
Yor
k C
ity, 1
50 W
. 28t
h St
., Su
ite 1
501,
New
Yor
k, N
.Y. 1
0001
, (21
2) 6
45-2
214.
Nor
thha
mpt
on C
ount
y Su
stai
nabl
e D
evel
opm
ent I
nitia
tive,
P.O
. Box
538
,E
astv
ille,
Va.
233
47, (
804)
678
-047
7.
Nor
thw
est E
nvir
onm
ent W
atch
, 140
2 T
hird
Ave
., Su
ite 1
127,
Sea
ttle,
Was
h.98
101,
(20
6) 4
47-1
880.
Oce
an A
rks
Inte
rnat
iona
l, 1
Loc
ust S
t., F
alm
outh
, Mas
s. 0
2540
, (50
8) 5
40-6
801.
Part
ners
hip
for
Eco
nom
ic G
row
th a
nd th
e E
nvir
onm
ent,
Stat
e C
apito
l, Je
ffer
son
City
, Mo.
651
01, (
314)
751
-359
9.
Plym
outh
Ins
titut
e, U
nive
rsity
of
Wis
cons
in E
xten
sion
, 929
N. S
ixth
St.,
Milw
au-
kee,
Wis
. 532
03, (
414)
528
-848
8.
Pres
iden
t's C
ounc
il on
Sus
tain
able
Dev
elop
men
t, M
S 74
56-M
IB, 1
849
C S
t.N
.W.,
Was
hing
ton,
D.C
. 202
40, (
202)
208
-741
1.
Proj
ect R
ebou
nd, W
ashi
ngto
n St
ate
Ene
rgy
Off
ice,
809
Leg
ion
Way
, SE
, FA
-11,
Oly
mpi
a, W
ash.
985
04, (
206)
586
-814
2.
Ren
ew A
mer
ica,
140
0 16
th S
t. N
.W.,
Suite
710
, Was
hing
ton,
D.C
. 200
36,
(202
) 23
2-22
52.
Res
iden
t Res
ourc
e In
itiat
ive,
Met
ropo
litan
Bos
ton
Hou
sing
Par
tner
ship
, 569
Col
umbu
s A
ve.,
Bos
ton,
Mas
s. 0
2118
, (61
7) 8
59-0
400.
Roc
ky M
ount
ain
Inst
itute
, 173
9 Sn
owm
ass
Cre
ek R
oad,
Sno
wm
ass,
Col
o. 8
1654
,(3
03)
927-
3851
.
Rur
al A
ctio
n, 1
Mou
nd S
t., A
then
s, O
hio
4570
1, (
614)
593
-749
0.
Sier
ra C
lub
Loc
al C
arry
ing
Cap
acity
Cam
paig
n, 4
08 C
St.
N.E
., W
ashi
ngto
n, D
.C.
2000
2, (
202)
675
-790
1.
Siri
us C
omm
unity
, Bak
er R
oad,
Shu
tesb
ury,
Mas
s. 0
1072
, (41
3) 2
59-1
251.
Sout
hern
Sus
tain
abili
ty I
nitia
tive,
Cle
mso
n U
nive
rsity
, Cle
mso
n, S
.C. 2
9634
,(8
03)
656-
0214
.
Sout
hfac
e E
nerg
y In
stitu
te, P
.O. B
ox 5
506,
Atla
nta,
Ga.
303
07, (
404)
525
-765
7.
Sust
aina
ble
Futu
res
Soci
ety,
765
2 G
artn
er R
oad,
Eve
rgre
en, C
olo.
804
39,
(303
) 67
0-37
11.
Sust
aina
ble
Nor
thw
est,
620
S.W
. Fif
th S
t., S
uite
102
5, P
ortla
nd, O
re. 9
7204
,(5
03)
229-
5171
.
Sust
aina
ble
Res
ourc
e C
ente
r, c
/o G
ener
al D
eliv
ery,
Cre
ston
e, C
olo.
811
31,
(719
) 25
6-40
76.
Sust
aina
ble
Cam
brid
ge C
oalit
ion,
27
Ells
wor
th A
ve.,
Cam
brid
ge, M
ass.
021
39,
(617
) 49
1-69
04.
Sust
aina
ble
City
Pro
gram
, 200
San
ta M
onic
a Pi
er, S
uite
C, S
anta
Mon
ica,
Cal
if.
9040
1, (
310)
458
-222
7.
Sust
aina
ble
Com
mun
ity R
ound
tabl
e, 2
129
Bet
hel S
t. N
.W.,
Oly
mpi
a, W
ash.
9850
6, (
206)
754
-784
2.
Sust
aina
ble
Ore
gon,
620
S.W
. Fif
th S
t., S
uite
102
5, P
ortla
nd, O
re. 9
7204
,(5
03)
229-
5171
.
112
65
Sust
aina
ble
Seat
tle, M
etro
Cen
ter
YM
CA
, 909
Fou
rth
Ave
., Se
attle
, Was
h. 9
8104
,(2
06)
382-
5013
.
Sust
aina
ble
Urb
an R
ural
Ent
erpr
ise,
U.S
. Dep
artm
ent o
f H
ousi
ng a
nd U
rban
Dev
elop
men
t, W
ashi
ngto
n, D
.C. 2
0410
, (20
2) 7
08-2
504.
Tow
ard
a Su
stai
nabl
e E
nvir
onm
ent,
Secr
etar
y of
the
Env
iron
men
t, H
arol
dR
unne
ls B
uild
ing,
119
0 St
. Fra
ncis
Dri
ve, P
.O. B
ox 2
6110
, San
te F
e, N
.M. 8
7502
,(5
05)
827-
2850
.
Uni
ted
Nat
ions
Ass
ocia
tion
of th
e U
nite
d St
ates
of
Am
eric
aIo
wa
Div
isio
n, 2
0E
. Mar
ket S
t., I
owa
City
, Iow
a 52
245,
(31
9) 3
37-7
290.
Urb
an E
arth
, 661
2 Pi
ney
Bra
nch
Roa
d N
.W.,
Was
hing
ton,
D.C
. 200
12,
(202
) 82
9-71
12.
Urb
an E
colo
gy, P
.O. B
ox 1
0144
, Ber
kele
y, C
alif
. 947
09, (
510)
549
-172
4.
Urb
an H
abita
t Pro
gram
, Ear
th I
slan
d In
stitu
te, 3
00 B
road
way
, Sui
te 2
8, S
anFr
anci
sco,
Cal
if. 9
4133
, (41
5) 7
88-3
666.
Urb
an R
esou
rces
Ini
tiativ
e, Y
ale
Scho
ol o
f Fo
rest
ry, 2
05 P
rosp
ect S
t., N
ewH
aven
, Con
n. 0
6511
, (20
3) 4
32-5
119.
Urb
an C
onso
rtiu
m, 1
301
Penn
sylv
ania
Ave
. N.W
., W
ashi
ngto
n, D
.C. 2
0004
,(2
02)
626-
2400
.
Vill
age
Pres
erva
tion
and
Impr
ovem
ent S
ocie
ty, P
.O. B
ox 6
824,
Fal
ls C
hurc
h, V
a.22
040,
(50
3) 3
46-0
675.
Wes
tern
Nor
th C
arol
ina
Tom
orro
w, P
.O. B
ox 2
22, C
ullo
whe
e, N
.C. 2
8723
,(7
04)
227-
7429
.
Zer
o Po
pula
tion
Gro
wth
, 140
0 16
th S
t. N
.W.,
Suite
320
, Was
hing
ton,
D.C
. 200
36,
(202
) 33
2-22
00.
Zun
i Sus
tain
able
Res
ourc
e D
evel
opm
ent P
lan,
P.O
. Box
339
, Zun
i, N
.M. 8
7327
,(5
05)
782-
4481
.
113
CO
MM
UN
ITY
SU
ST
AIN
AB
ILIT
YT
EA
CH
ER
EV
ALU
AT
ION
Plea
se c
ompl
ete
the
form
bel
ow a
nd r
etur
n it
to: C
arry
ing
Cap
acity
Pro
ject
, Iza
akW
alto
n L
eagu
e of
Am
eric
a, 7
07 C
onse
rvat
ion
Lan
e, G
aith
ersb
urg,
Md.
208
78.
Stat
e in
whi
ch y
ou te
ach:
Dat
e:
Gra
de le
vel:
Am
ount
of
time
used
:
Subj
ects
:
Cir
cle
all t
he a
nsw
ers
that
app
ly:
I us
ed:
1) S
usta
inab
ility
Sta
rtin
g Po
int
2) S
usta
inab
ility
Sna
psho
t3)
A P
eek
at th
e Pa
st4)
Loo
king
Ahe
ad5)
Mon
itori
ng S
usta
inab
ility
6) S
usta
inab
ility
Ser
vice
Pro
ject
s7)
Inf
orm
atio
n T
echn
olog
y C
onne
ctio
ns8)
Glo
ssar
y9)
Com
mun
ity S
usta
inab
ility
Dir
ecto
ry
My
scho
ol is
:1)
urb
an2)
sub
urba
n3)
rur
al
My
stud
ents
are
:1)
abo
ve g
rade
ave
rage
2) a
t gra
de a
vera
ge3)
bel
ow g
rade
ave
rage
My
stud
ents
are
eco
nom
ical
ly:
1) a
dvan
tage
d2)
ave
rage
3) d
isad
vant
aged 11
467
Ove
rall
ratin
g of
mat
eria
ls u
sed:
1) v
ery
good
2) g
ood
3) a
vera
ge4)
poo
r
Ove
rall
ratin
g of
stu
dent
res
pons
e:1)
ver
y go
od2)
goo
d3)
ave
rage
4) p
oor
OPT
ION
AL
QU
EST
ION
SY
our
feed
back
is a
ppre
ciat
ed. A
dditi
onal
spa
ce f
or y
our
resp
onse
s is
ava
ilabl
e on
the
back
of
this
she
et.
How
did
you
rec
eive
you
r co
py o
f C
omm
unity
Sus
tain
abili
ty?
How
did
you
use
this
min
i-cu
rric
ulum
in y
our
clas
sroo
m?
Whi
ch p
arts
of
the
min
i-cu
rric
ulum
wer
e m
ost s
ucce
ssfu
l?
-- a
dditi
onal
que
stio
ns o
n th
e ba
ck -
-
115
Whi
ch p
arts
of
the
min
i-cu
rric
ulum
wer
e le
ast s
ucce
ssfu
l? H
ow c
an w
e im
prov
eth
ese
part
s?
Did
the
teac
her's
pag
es p
rovi
de s
uffi
cien
t bac
kgro
und
info
rmat
ion?
Wha
t ser
vice
lear
ning
pro
ject
(s)
did
your
stu
dent
s co
nduc
t?
Plea
se te
ll us
wha
t you
like
d be
st a
bout
Com
mun
ity S
usta
inab
ility
.
116
68
Do
you
plan
to u
se th
ese
mat
eria
ls a
gain
? H
ow w
ill y
ou c
hang
e th
e w
ay y
ou u
seth
em?
Add
ition
al c
omm
ents
:
117
Janu
ary
1996
118
Est
ablis
hed
in 1
922
by a
gro
up o
f an
gler
s co
ncer
ned
abou
t wat
er q
ualit
y,
the
Izaa
k W
alto
n L
eagu
e of
Am
eric
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U.S. DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATIONOffice of Educational Research and Improvement (OERI)
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ERIC
Title:
Sustc6,rcibil 1.1~I
Author(s) 3edl Oren. 44(VA ia, ne_, RrenCorporate Source:
ZiStC.41. kAkt ti-on 1-2c\stit. c# Arne-rt'cA
Publication Date:
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