SCIENCE FORM 1 - CHAPTER 1

SCIENCE FORM 1 - CHAPTER 1 - INTRODUCTION TO SCIENCE BY KELVINCONTENTSTITLEDATEPG1.1 WHAT IS SCIENCE10/1/201631.2 A SCIENCE LABORATY12/1/2016111.3 THE STEPS IN A SCIENTIFIC14/1/201621PG 21.1 WHAT IS SCIENCEScience is the systematic study of nature and how it affects us and our environment. Natural phenomena that happen nature in our environment can be explained through Science. 1. lightning, rainbow, melting of ice, growth of a baby into an adult and the fall of ball to the ground are a few examples of natural phenomena. 2. We want to know why and how all these things happen. We search for answers. The study of science gives us the answers. PG 3 IMPORTANCE OF SCIENCE Science plays important roles in our daily life. Here are some examples: Science helps us to understand ourselves. Knowing how our body works, we can better take care of our health and safety. Science also helps to understand our environment. This helps us to improve the quality of our environment and conserve it for our future generation PG 4 CAREERS IN SCIENCE Science offers various career opportunities according to ones area interest. Listed below are few examples: DoctorEngineer VeterinarianPharmacistArchitectChemistComputer programmerPG 5 AREAS OF SCIENCE Science is divided into a number of areas of study, namely Biology - the study of living things.Physics - the study of matter, energy, force and motion. Chemistry - the study of the composition and chemical properties of substances.Astronomy - the study of planet and stars in the Earth. Geology - the study of rocks, minerals and the structure of the universe.Meteorology - the study of weather and climate.Biochemistry - the study of chemical process in living organisms.PG 6Note of (1.1 WHAT IS SCIENCE )

PG 7Definition

Science is the systematic study of nature and how it affects us and the environment.Science covers broad field of knowledge that deals withobserved facts and the relationship among those facts.

Importance of ScienceImprove our standard of living. Improve quality of environment.Understand the world around us. Prevention and treatment of diseases. Increase food supply

Areas of science

Biology Study of living things. Physics Study of matter, energy, force and motion and the way they relate to each other. Chemistry Study of composition, properties, reactions and uses of substances. Geology Study of rocks and minerals. Astronomy Study of universe. Meteorology Study of weather.

Career in science

a) Doctors b) Engineers c) Pharmacists d) Teacherse) Chemists f) Architects g) Physicists h) Astronauts i) Microbiologists j) Computer experts

PG 8Exercise of (1.1 WHAT IS SCIENCE )1. What is science ? ___________________________________________________ 2. Name three natural phenomena that bring about bad effects to living things. (a) __________________________________________________ (b) __________________________________________________ (c) __________________________________________________ 3. List three benefits of science to our lives (a) __________________________________________________ (b) __________________________________________________ (c) __________________________________________________ PG 94. State three main branches of study in science.(a) __________________________________________________ (b) __________________________________________________ (c) __________________________________________________ 5. Give five examples of career that related to science. (a) __________________________________________________ (b) __________________________________________________ (c) __________________________________________________ (d) __________________________________________________ (e) __________________________________________________

PG 101.2 A SCIENCE LABORATYLaboratory Safety Rules Do not enter the laboratory without teachers permission. Do not take anything out of the laboratory. Read all the instruction before start any work Read the label on a reagent bottle before using its content Do not taste or smell any chemical Do not eat or drink in the laboratory Do not run and play at the laboratory Do not throw solid waste into the sink. Do not pour any unused chemical into its bottle. Clean apparatus that you have used.PG 11Everylaboratory apparatushas its precise use and the people should have the knowledge about the proper use oflaboratory apparatusorlaboratory glassware.The most commonlaboratory apparatus and their usesare listed below:

Beaker= A container used for measuring the liquid.

Barrette= Used for measuring the volume of the solution.

Wire gauze= used for spreading the heat of a burner(flame).

Test tube brush= It is used to clean the test tube.

Dropper= It is used for adding the solution drop by drop.

Magnifying glass= It is used for viewing the minute objects.

Filter paper= It is used for separating the liquid and the precipitate.

Stirring rod= It is used for mixing the liquids or distribution of heat in a liquid by stirring.

Spring balance= used for measuring the mass of the materials.

PG 12Forceps= It is used for holding or picking up small objects.

Watch glass= It is used for holding small samples of the substances on which the experiment is performed.

Wash bottle= It is used for dispensing small quantities of distilled water.

Test-tube holders= It is used for holding the test tubes.

Test tubes= it is used for holding small samples or performing small-scale reactions

Pipette- It is used for transferring one substance into another by measuring.

Centrifuge- It is used for separating the materials of varying densities from a colloid.

Thermometer- It is used for measuring the temperature.

PH Scale- It is used for measuring the acidity or basicity of the solution.

Crucible- it is used for heating a small amount of a solid substance at a very high temperature.

Tripod= It is a three-legged stand that supports the wire gauze while heating.

Microscope= It is used for viewing the ultra minute objects by the process of magnification.

Multimeter= It is used for measuring the current, voltage and resistance.

PG 13Using a Bunsen burnerBunsen burner are used on the containers of hazardous chemical substances to show their characteristics.

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Hazard Warning SymbolsPG 15

Common Laboratory Apparatus

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ExercisePG 19

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1.3 The Step in Scientific InvestigationIdentifying the problemForming a hypothesisPlanning the experimentControlling the variableCollecting dataAnalyzing and interpreting dataDrawing a conclusionWriting a report

PG 21Step in Scientific Investigation 1. A scientific investigation is a series of steps done systematically to study a problem or an event. 2. Each step involves the use of one or more science process skills.3. The following shows the sequence of steps involved in a scientific investigation. 4. Figure below shows some common laboratory apparatus and their uses.PG 22PG 23

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Note of (1.3 The Step in Scientific Investigation)

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SCIENTIFIC METHODPG 26

Step of Scientific MethodPG 27

PG 27Exercise of 1.3 The Step in Scientific Investigation

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__________ the problemForming a hypothesis_______________________Controlling the _________________________ data________________________Drawing a conclusionWriting a _________

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THANKS FOR SEE THIS CHAPTER. THIS THE LAST OF THE CHAPTER 1.

NEXT CHAPTER IS COMING SOON AT 18/1/2016..