science 8 unit 3: fluids sample test: chapters 7, 8,...

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Science 8 Unit 3: Fluids

Sample Test: Chapters 7, 8, and 9 Name: _________________________ Part A - Multiple Choice: Place the letter that corresponds to the best answer for each question in the appropriate place on the attached answer sheet. (35 Marks)

1. Which statement is true? A) Gas particles have the least amount of space between them. B) Liquid particles have the least amount of space between them.

C) Gas particles have the most amount of space between them. D) Liquid particles have the most amount of space between them. 2. Which substance has no constant shape or no constant volume? A) Ice B) Milk C) Oxygen D) Water 3. Which is an example of a fluid? A) Air B) Ice C) Chips D) Rocks 4. Which term below describes how “thick’ or “thin” a fluid is? A) Density B) Viscosity C) Flow rate D) Buoyancy 5. Which substance is most viscous? A) Chocolate B) Molasses C) Oil D) Water 6. What effect does an increase in temperature have on the viscosity of a gas? A) Viscosity increases B) Viscosity decreases C) Viscosity stays the same D) Viscosity is eliminated, gas becomes a solid.

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7. Which best describes a fluid with a low viscosity? A) runs slowly and is thick B) runs slowly and is thin C) runs quickly and is thick D) runs quickly and is thin

8. Which factors change the viscosity of a liquid?

A) concentration, gravity, temperature B) concentration, solubility, temperature C) forces of attraction between particles, temperature, concentration D) forces of attraction between particles, concentration, solubility

9. Which is a measure of mass contained in a given volume? A) Density B) Viscosity C) Flow rate D) Buoyancy 10. Which is an example of an application of density in the real world? A) Drying wood B) Swim bladder in a fish C) Submarines D) All of the above 11. Use the sketches below to determine the Volume of the object in cylinder 2.

A) 23 mL B) 30 mL C) 7.0 mL D) 37 mL

1 2

Object

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12. Which solution could address the problem of thick pancake batter?

A) Decrease the concentration to decrease the viscosity of the batter. B) Decrease the temperature to decrease the viscosity of the batter. C) Increase the concentration to increase the viscosity of the batter. D) Increase the temperature to increase the viscosity of the batter.

13. The data table gives the density of four substances found in a graduated

cylinder. Listed from top to bottom, in what order would the substances appear in the cylinder?

Fluid Density (g/mL) Solid Density (g/cm3)

ethyl alcohol 0.79 cork 0.24 machine oil 0.90 oak chip 0.70

A) cork, oak chip, ethyl alcohol, machine oil B) cork, oak chip, machine oil, ethyl alcohol C) ethyl alcohol, machine oil, cork, oak chip D) machine oil, ethyl alcohol, oak chip, cork

14. Which statement best explains why a block of wood can float on top of liquid

water? A) Liquids are generally less dense than solids. B) Solids are generally less dense than liquids. C) The water is less dense than the wood. D) The wood is less dense than the water.

15. Why is it necessary to add more air to car tires in the winter months?

A) With the colder temperatures, the density of the air decreases, thus taking up less space.

B) With the colder temperatures, the density of the air decreases, thus taking up more space.

C) With the colder temperatures, the density of the air increases, thus taking up less space.

D) With the colder temperatures, the density of the air increases, thus taking up more space.

16. What unit is pressure measured in? A). Grams B). Newtons C). Litres D). Pascals

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17. What does Archimedes’ principle conclude? A). Whether or not objects will float. B). Whether or not a force is applied. C). Whether or not an object will move. D). Whether or not an object will fly. 18. Which statement is true? A). Mass and weight are the same. B). Mass is affected by gravity. C). Weight is always constant. D). Weight is affected by gravity. 19. Which statement is true? A). Pressure increases when temperature increases. B). Pressure decreases when temperature increases. C). Pressure increases when temperature decreases. D). Temperature has no effect on pressure. 20. Why is a gas easily compressed? A). Gas particles can come in different sizes. B). The gas particles are very small. C). Gas particles move very quickly. D). There is space between gas particles. 21. When will an object easily sink in water? A). The force due to gravity is less than the buoyant force on the object. B). The force due to gravity is equal to the buoyant force on the object. C). The force due to gravity equals the downward pressure on the object. D). The force due to gravity exceeds the buoyant force on the object. 22. Which is an example of a hydraulic system? A). Dentist’s chair B). Ears popping going up a hill C). Pressure increasing underwater D). Squeezing a tube of toothpaste 23. What unit is area measured in? A). Gram B). Newton C). Metres squared D). Pascal

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24. An astronaut stands on a scale on the moon. His weight is less. Which statement is true? A). The astronaut’s mass has decreased. B). The gravitational force is less on the moon. C). Forces are unbalanced on the moon. D). The astronaut’s mass is more on the moon. 25. What is a buoyant force? A). Force that pushes away from the centre of the Earth. B). Force that pushes toward the centre of the Earth. C). Force that is always greater than the gravitational force. D). Force that is equal to the gravitational force. 26. Which statement regarding the particle theory is false?

A. All matter is made up of tiny particles.

B. Particles that make up matter are always moving.

C. There are attraction forces between particles.

D. There are no spaces between particles in a solid.

27. Which of the following is not a fluid?

A. Compressed air

B. Block of dry ice

C. Gravy

D. Water vapor

28. What can be said of apple juice?

A. It has a high viscosity and a low flow rate.

B. It has a high viscosity and a high flow rate.

C. It has a low viscosity and a high flow rate.

D. I has a low viscosity and a low flow rate.

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29. Which of the following applies to particles in a liquid?

A. They can move more than a solid and less than a gas.

B. They have no motion.

C. They have very large spaces and weak attraction forces between particles.

D. They vibrate in a fixed position.

30. A beaker is layered with the following substances from top to bottom.

Cork – water – glycerol – salt – aluminum

Which statement is correct?

A. Cork has the greatest densty.

B. Water is more dense than cork.

C. Gyycerol is more dense that salt and aluninum.

D. Salt is more dense than aluminum.

31. Peter placed a piece of metal in 100 mL of water and then measured the

displaced water. What was Peter calculating?

A. Density

B. Mass

C. Vicosity

D. Volume

32. Wearing a life jacket will cause you to float. Why is this the case?

A. The life jacket is made of high-density materials.

B. The life jacket lowers your average density.

C. The life jacket raises your average density.

D. The life jacket stabilizes your density.

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33. Which example shows Pascal’s law?

A. Diving in water

B. Egg Floating in water

C. Neutral bouyancy

D. Pneumatic system

34. Which is an accurate description of your mass?

A. Amount of particles that make you up; will change if you are on the moon

B. Amount of particles that make you up; will not change if you are on the moon

C. Gravitational force working on you; will change if you are on the moon

D. Gravitational force working on you; will not change if you are on the moon

35. What unit is force measured in? A). Gram B). Newton C). Metres squared D). Pascal

**The triangle for the pressure calculations is similar just replace D with P, M with F and V with A.

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Part B – Short Answer Questions: Answer question all of the following questions in the space provided on the test paper. You have choice to answer question #3 or #5, not both. (15 Marks) 1. a) What are the three states of matter? (1 mark)

_solid , liquid and gas

b) In which are the particles most compact? (1 mark)

Solids

c) Which state of matter is shown in the diagram here? How do you know? (1 mark)

_It is a liquid because it doesn’t have a definite shape and it is

not a gas because the particles are grouped together

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d) Draw a flask similar to the one in the diagram and show how the 13 particles would be distributed if the flask contained a gas. (1 mark)

Please excuse my Paint Drawing skills

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2. Jonathon has a jar of honey but it is too sticky to spread over his food.

Jonathon warms the honey in the microwave. Explain how this will affect the viscosity. (3 marks)

__________Heating the honey makes the less viscous by adding energy to the particles

and thus making them spread out more so that the honey will spread easier on the

food.___________________________________________________________________________________________

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3. How would you test the viscosity of milk and honey? Describe an experiment

that you could conduct and predict the results. (3 marks) ___________We did this experiment in class by timing how long it takes for the liquids

to run down a ramp and compare that to the distance it travels. Since honey is

known to be more slow than milk it would be more viscous.

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4. Explain how a hot air balloon works. (3 marks)

__________Since hot air is less dense in comparison to cool air the hot air in the

balloon rises and gives the balloon and basket an average density that is less than

the air around it, so the balloon floats up in the air.

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5. A ship sails across the Atlantic Ocean and on into Lake Ontario to dock in Toronto. What would be different about the way the ship sits in the water when it is in Lake Ontario compared to when it was in the Atlantic Ocean? Explain your answer. (3 marks) ________________Since salt water is more dense than lake water, the ship will sit higher

in the ocean in comparison to when it is in the lake .

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6. Answer the following questions and show your workings. (2 marks)

Fluid Density (g/ml) Solid Density (g/cm3)

hydrogen 0.00009 styrofoam 0.005

helium 0.0002 cork 0.24

air 0.0013 oak 0.70

oxygen 0.0014 sugar 1.59

carbon dioxide

0.002 salt 2.16

ethyl alcohol 0.79 aluminum 2.70

machine oil 0.90 Iron 7.87

water 1.00 nickel 8.90

seawater 1.03 copper 8.92

glycerol 1.26 lead 11.34

mercury 13.55 gold 19.32

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(a) Calculate the mass of 550 mL of glycerol.

M = D x V = 1.26 g/ ml x 550 ml = 693 g (b) What is the volume of a piece of iron that is 3 g?

V = M/D = 3 / 7.87 = 0.381 cm3

(c) What force does a person apply if they exert a pressure of 10 Pa on an area of 2 m2? F= P x A = 10 Pa x 2 m2 = 20 N (d) How much pressure is applied to the palm of your hand (area = 0.2 m2) if you are holding up a book that is exerting a force of 56 N? P = F/ A = 56 N / 0.2 m2 = 280 Pa

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science 8 unit 3: fluids sample test: chapters 7, 8,...

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