S b t R l HF BSubnet Relay over HF Bearers

July 19, 2007

© 2007 Rockwell Collins, Inc. All rights reserved.

O tliO tliOutlineOutline

• Introduction to Subnet Relay• Introduction to Subnet Relay

UHF Results• UHF Results

• HF Trial Results

• Conclusion

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Satellite NetworkingSatellite Networking

2

1

34

5

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SNR/Satellite NetworkingSNR/Satellite Networking

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Desired CapabilitiesDesired CapabilitiesDesired CapabilitiesDesired Capabilities

• Complete mobile ad-hoc networking with:

Dynamic bandwidth provisioning;

Optimal combination of relay (layer 2) and routing (layer 3) to get data between source and destination;

Ability to use multiple, standard military LOS/ELOS bearers with existing cryptos, radios, and antennas;

Standard use of IP protocols;p ;

Highest possible bandwidth available;

Completely distributed – No Master Station

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SNR ProtocolSNR Protocol

• Mobility and Dynamic Bandwidth Provisioning • Mobility and Dynamic Bandwidth Provisioning provided by two main elements working together:

Routing Element: OLSR-Like (Optimized Link Routing Element: OLSR Like (Optimized Link State Routing); and

MAC Element: TDMA based scheme called DSRMA (Distributed Slot Reservation Media

)Access)

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Routing Coverage by LayerRouting Coverage by Layer

• OLSR-Like covers range between 1-5 hops.

• DSRMA covers routing range of N2 neighbours,

• Router protocol covers remaining range according to routing protocol• Router protocol covers remaining range according to routing protocol.

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Spatial Slot ReSpatial Slot Re--useuse

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Enhanced Slot Structure Enhanced Slot Structure –– Slot MergingSlot Mergingg gg g

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SNR: Equipment CompositionSNR: Equipment Composition

Equipment Includes:

Standard router (e.g. Cisco);Standard router (e.g. Cisco);

SNR Node Controller (NC)SNR Node Controller (NC)with TCP Proxywith TCP Proxy

Link CryptoLink Crypto

HF/VHF/UHF ModemHF/VHF/UHF Modem

HF/VHF/UHF RadioHF/VHF/UHF Radio

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SDCP: SNR ControllerSDCP: SNR Controller

• SubNet Relay Controller I l dIncludes:

SNR Protocols – ad-hoc network elements;

Built-in Data Compression;Built in Data Compression;

IP Traffic Manager

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Trident Warrior 05 Trident Warrior 05 -- UHF SNRUHF SNR

• 4 Ships in exercise areas off Norfolk HMCS Montreal, USS Cole, USS Philippine Sea,

USS Bulkeley

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SNR TopologiesSNR Topologies

B

M

20 nmi

13 nmi 17 nmi

B

PS

13 nmi10.5 nmi

M

CPS M

CPS

26 nmi

Dec 6 0900 EST Dec 6 1000 EST

B

13.5 nmi

18.5 nmi21 nmi C

5 nmi35 nmi

MC PS

12.5 nmiB M PS

Dec 6 1700 ESTDec 6 1200 EST

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M – Montreal B – BulkeleyC – Cole PS – Philippine Sea

DRDCDRDC--Atlantic Trial ResultsAtlantic Trial Results

• Networked Underwater Warfare

• SNR with UHF bearers 4 platforms with SNR operating at 64 kbps4 platforms with SNR operating at 64 kbps Convair 580, SSK, Quest, MCDV US SSN participating

• Aircraft acted as relay at ranges up to 80 miles Periscope imagery and other data passed over network to

Maritime Warfare CentreMaritime Warfare Centre

• Database on SSK rebuilt by SSHing over SNR network

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Why HF?Why HF?

~500 nm ~60 nm ~160 nm

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SNR with HF BearersSNR with HF Bearers

• Slot re-use concernsI t f• Interference

• Overheads and cycle times greater by a factor of 3 or more from UHF• What is being supported? g

SNR designed for near-real time services

• Has been used successfully with small networks• No topological issues if spatial slot re-use is eliminated No topological issues if spatial slot re use is eliminated

Poor scaling to larger networks

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Tactical Communications Tactical Communications Requirements Requirements Tactical Communications Tactical Communications Requirements Requirements

TW 05 HF Multichannel Trial TW 05 HF Multichannel Trial –– New ZealandNew Zealand

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TCP(L) Avg Throughput vs Slot Size(All Informed Topology)

33.08

29.2426.82

29.84

25.00

30.00

35.00

kbps

)

64 kbps

17.4817.3718.1118.52

5 00

10.00

15.00

20.00

Thro

ughp

ut (k

p

32 kbps

9.6 kbps

3.2 kbps

1.62 1.664.344.81 4.97

0.00

5.00

800 1040 1280 1400 1680 1760 2000

Slot Size (ms)

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TCP(L) Avg Throughput vs Slot Size(In-Line Topology)

9.73

11.36 11.2410.72

8 00

10.00

12.00

ps)

6.176.065.58

4.914.00

6.00

8.00

Thro

ughp

ut (k

bp 64 kbps

32 kbps

9.6 kbps

3.2 kbps

0.18 0.341.261.00 1.090.00

2.00

800 1040 1280 1400 1640 1760 2000

Slot Size (ms)

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Subnet Relay HF Air TrialSubnet Relay HF Air Trial

• Conducted using a CP-140 Aurora out of Greenwood, NS

• Temporary Ground Station established at Osbourne Head, NS

• Surface wave range consistent with Barrick Model predictions 200-300 nm

• Altitude varied from 300 – 10000 ft over trial period No discernable impact on signal quality

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100 kB file transfer from MPA to Groundstation (6.4/3.2)100 kB file transfer from MPA to Groundstation (6.4/3.2)

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Slot alloc for previous transferSlot alloc for previous transfer

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100 kB ftp file transfer from MPA to groundstation (9.6/8.0)100 kB ftp file transfer from MPA to groundstation (9.6/8.0)

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ConclusionConclusion

• Subnet Relay has been successfully demonstrated with HF bearers

• Surface wave propagation of HF provides ranges which are h t th th hi h b hi d ith UHF much greater than those which can be achieved with UHF

bearers – even when airborne relays are included

• Lower data rates and higher overheads limits the types of • Lower data rates and higher overheads limits the types of services which can be supported Chat File transfers E-mail Imagery (?)

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