saqartvelos ekonomikis mimartulebebi

saqarTvelos ekonomikis mimarTulebebisaqarTvelos ekonomikis mimarTulebebisaqarTvelos ekonomikis mimarTulebebisaqarTvelos ekonomikis mimarTulebebi

saqarTvelos ekonomikis mimarTulebebi saqarTvelos ekonomikis mimarTulebebi saqarTvelos ekonomikis mimarTulebebi saqarTvelos ekonomikis mimarTulebebi –––– 2000 weli #1 2000 weli #1 2000 weli #1 2000 weli #1 1

sarCevisarCevisarCevisarCevi

1 “saqarTvelos ekonomikis mimarTulebebis” Sesaxeb 2

2 msoflio savaWro organizaciaSi gawevrianeba 3

3 Tavi I. mokle mimoxilva 5

4 Tavi II. erovnuli angariSebi da ekonomikis mTavari mimarTulebebi 10

5 Tavi III. saxelmwifo finansebi 30

6 Tavi IV. fuli da finansebi 42

7 Tavi V. saerTaSoriso vaWroba da sagareo ekonomikuri urTierTobebi 49

8 Tavi VI. privatizacia 57

9 Tavi VII. dasaqmeba, Semosavlebi da socialuri uzrunvelyofa 66

10 kalendari 83

11 danarTi: saqarTvelos sagareo savaWro urTierTobebi:

sabWoeTis daSlidan mso-s wevrobamde, axali

regionaluri SeTanxmebebi da partnioroba

evrokavSirTan 89

12 ekonomikuri glosariumi 115

13 statistikuri danarTi 125

14 abreviaturebi 138

“tasisis” da “ekonomikuri politikisa da samarTlebrivi sakiTxebis“tasisis” da “ekonomikuri politikisa da samarTlebrivi sakiTxebis“tasisis” da “ekonomikuri politikisa da samarTlebrivi sakiTxebis“tasisis” da “ekonomikuri politikisa da samarTlebrivi sakiTxebis

qarTulqarTulqarTulqarTul----evropuli sakonsultacio centris” Sesaxebevropuli sakonsultacio centris” Sesaxebevropuli sakonsultacio centris” Sesaxebevropuli sakonsultacio centris” Sesaxeb

,,saqarTvelos ekonomikis mimarTulebebi” aris proeqti, romlis dafinansebas

axorcielebs ,,tasisis” programis farglebSi momuSave ,,ekonomikuri politikisa da

samarTlebrivi sakiTxebis qarTul-evropuli sakonsultacio centri”.

,,tasisis” programa aris evrokavSiris iniciativa, romelic xels uwyobs axal

damoukidebel qveynebsa da monRoleTs da evrokavSirs Soris ekonomikisa da politikis

dargSi urTierTobebis harmoniul ganviTarebas.

,,tasisi” mWidrod TanamSromlobs partnior qveynebTan da uzrunvelyofs “nou-haus”

gadmocemas evropis saxelmwifo da kerZo organizaciebis farTo speqtridan: axorcielebs

konsultaciebsa da swavlebas, sakanonmdeblo da mmarTvelobis sistemis dawesebulebebisa da

organizaciebis gardaqmnasa da ganviTarebas, sapartnioro urTierTobebis damyarebas,

saerTaSoriso qselebis Camoyalibebas, erTobliv sacdel proeqtebs.

,,ekonomikuri politikisa da samarTlebrivi sakiTxebis qarTul-evropuli

sakonsultacio centri” Seiqmna 1998 wels “tasisis” farglebSi, raTa daexmaros saqarTveloSi

ekonomikuri da samarTlebrivi reformis ganxorcielebas. centris samoqmedo gegma moicavs

“saqarTvelos ekonomikis mimarTulebebis” da analogiuri iuridiuli mimoxilvis gamocemas da

saqarTvelos mTavrobisTvis ekonomikuri da samarTlebriv sakiTxebSi konsultacias.

es publikacia dafinansebulia evrokavSiris tasisis programis mier, romelic grantebis meSveobiT afinansebs axal damoukidebel qveynebSi da monRoleTSi sabazro ekonomikisa da demokratiuli sazogadoebis ganviTarebis xelSewyobis nou-haus.

“saqarTvelos ekonomikis mimarTulebebis” Sesaxeb“saqarTvelos ekonomikis mimarTulebebis” Sesaxeb“saqarTvelos ekonomikis mimarTulebebis” Sesaxeb“saqarTvelos ekonomikis mimarTulebebis” Sesaxeb

2 saqarTvelos ekonomikis mimarTulebebi saqarTvelos ekonomikis mimarTulebebi saqarTvelos ekonomikis mimarTulebebi saqarTvelos ekonomikis mimarTulebebi –––– 2000 weli, #1 2000 weli, #1 2000 weli, #1 2000 weli, #1

“saqarTvelos ekonomikis mimarTulebebis” (sem) gamocemis mizania,

saqarTveloSi ekonomikuri reformis mimdinareobiT dainteresebul pirebs miawodos

ekonomikuri ganviTarebis msvlelobis mimoxilva. sem-i daarsda 1995 wels da

qveyndeba qarTul da inglisur enebze. es da wina gamocemebi xelmisawvdomia

internetis saSualebiT:

www.geplac.org

gamocema informacias Rebulobs rigi samTavrobo da arasamTavrobo

organizaciebidan, maT Soris statistikis saxelmwifo departamentidan, saqarTvelos

erovnuli bankidan, saxelmwifo socialuri uzrunvelyofis fondidan, finansTa

saministrodan, vaWrobisa da sagareo ekonomikur urTierTobaTa saministrodan,

saxelmwifo qonebis marTvis saministrodan, Sromisa da socialuri uzrunvelyofis

saministrodan da sxva saministroebidan da saxelmwifo departamentebidan. wyaro

miTiTebulia yvelgan, sadac ki es SesaZlebeli iyo. gansakuTrebiT unda aRiniSnos,

rom informaciis momwodeblebTan mWidro TanamSromlobis (regularuli

konsultaciebis) da maTi mxardaWeris gareSe am mimoxilvis momzadeba SeuZlebeli

iqneboda. sem-is mizania, sazogadoebisTvis xelmisawvdom informaciaze damyarebuli,

ekonomikis ganviTarebis tendenciebis damoukidebeli analizis warmodgena. garda

amisa, mocemulia rCevebi ekonomikuri politikis ganxorcielebis, ekonomikuri da sxva

informaciis Segrovebisa da gavrcelebis dargSi. gamocema miznad isaxavs

saqarTveloSi mimdinare ekonomikuri reformis mxardaWeras, masSi warmodgenilia

mxolod gamomcemelTa azri da igi ar asaxavs evropuli komisiis, tasisis

ekonomikuri politikisa da samarTlebrivi sakiTxebis qarTul-evropuli

sakonsultacio centrisa Tu saqarTvelos mTavrobis oficialur pozicias.

mkiTxvels SeuZlia misi citireba yovelgvari SezRudvis gareSe, im pirobiT, rom

wyaro saTanadod iqneba miTiTebuli.

damatebiTi informaciisaTvis gTxovT daukavSirdeT “saqarTvelos ekonomikis

mimarTulebebs” Semdeg misamarTze:

Tbilisi, al.yazbegis gamziri 42Tbilisi, al.yazbegis gamziri 42Tbilisi, al.yazbegis gamziri 42Tbilisi, al.yazbegis gamziri 42

tel: Tbilisi (995 32) 53 71 40/42/43/45/46tel: Tbilisi (995 32) 53 71 40/42/43/45/46tel: Tbilisi (995 32) 53 71 40/42/43/45/46tel: Tbilisi (995 32) 53 71 40/42/43/45/46

faqsi: Tbilisi (995 32) 53 71 38 faqsi: Tbilisi (995 32) 53 71 38 faqsi: Tbilisi (995 32) 53 71 38 faqsi: Tbilisi (995 32) 53 71 38

pirdapiri pirdapiri pirdapiri pirdapiri

tel/faqsi: (995 32) 53 71 39 tel/faqsi: (995 32) 53 71 39 tel/faqsi: (995 32) 53 71 39 tel/faqsi: (995 32) 53 71 39

el el el el----fosta: fosta: fosta: fosta: [email protected]

“saqarTvelos ekonomikis mimarTulebebis” am gamoSvebaze muSaobdnen:

daviT jinjolia, natalia kakabaZe, dimitri qemokliZe, goCa kereseliZe, sofiko daviT jinjolia, natalia kakabaZe, dimitri qemokliZe, goCa kereseliZe, sofiko daviT jinjolia, natalia kakabaZe, dimitri qemokliZe, goCa kereseliZe, sofiko daviT jinjolia, natalia kakabaZe, dimitri qemokliZe, goCa kereseliZe, sofiko

xmalaZe, paata xoxobaSvilvi, danielxmalaZe, paata xoxobaSvilvi, danielxmalaZe, paata xoxobaSvilvi, danielxmalaZe, paata xoxobaSvilvi, daniel linoti, vaxtang marsagiSvili, erekle naTaZe, linoti, vaxtang marsagiSvili, erekle naTaZe, linoti, vaxtang marsagiSvili, erekle naTaZe, linoti, vaxtang marsagiSvili, erekle naTaZe,

veronika Snaideri, saimon stouni, irakli wereTeli.veronika Snaideri, saimon stouni, irakli wereTeli.veronika Snaideri, saimon stouni, irakli wereTeli.veronika Snaideri, saimon stouni, irakli wereTeli.

msomsomsomso----Si gawevrianebaSi gawevrianebaSi gawevrianebaSi gawevrianeba

saqarTvelossaqarTvelossaqarTvelossaqarTvelos ekonomikis mimarTulebebi ekonomikis mimarTulebebi ekonomikis mimarTulebebi ekonomikis mimarTulebebi –––– 2000 2000 2000 2000 weli, #1 weli, #1 weli, #1 weli, #1 3

xuTwliani procesixuTwliani procesixuTwliani procesixuTwliani procesi

2000 wlis 14 ivniss saqarTvelo msoflio savaWro organizaciis

sruluflebiani wevri gaxda. mso-Si gawevrianeba im procesis Sedegia, romelic

prezidentma eduard SevardnaZem 1994 wels wamoiwyo: Camoyalibda samuSao jgufi,

romelsac unda daewyo molaparakebebis warmoeba "Zveli" GATT-s (saerTo SeTanxmeba

tarifebsa da vaWrobis Sesaxeb) organizaciasTan. 1996 wels, saqarTvelom gaakeTa

oficialuri ganacxadi mso-Si gawevrianebis Taobaze. pirveli Sedegebi gamoikveTa

ukve 1998 wlis bolos, rodesac ZiriTadi molaparakebebi momsaxurebiT vaWrobis

Taobaze dasrulda da iaponiasa da saqarTvelos Soris miRweul iqna SeTanxmeba.

sabolood, e.w. "mso-Si gawevrianebis protokols", xeli moewera 1999 wlis oqtombers.

is faqti, rom am proceduram esoden swrafad Caiara, garkveul wilad, im

mniSvnelovani progresis amsaxvelia, romelsac saqarTvelom reformebis gatarebis,

liberalizaciisa da integraciis procesTan dakavSirebiT miaRwia.

uflebauflebauflebaufleba----valdebulebanivaldebulebanivaldebulebanivaldebulebani

mso-s wevroba gulisxmobs rogorc uflebebs, aseve im valdebulebebsac,

romlebic gavlenas moaxdenen qveynis ekonomikuri kavSirebis ganviTarebaze da

saqarTvelos ekonomikis formirebaze.

tarifebis ganrigitarifebis ganrigitarifebis ganrigitarifebis ganrigi

mso-s samarTlebrivi bazis erT-erT umTavres damaxasiaTebel niSans

warmoadgens is, rom importirebul saqonelze yvela dawesebuli tarifi Semdgom

zrdasTan mimarTebaSi bmuli unda iyos. saqarTvelos SemTxvevaSi, saboloo

winadadebis safuZvelze, saSualo bmuli tarifis ganakveTi dafiqsirda 16,5

procentze soflis meurneobis produqtebisaTvis da 10,1 procentze - samrewvelo

saqonlisaTvis.

valdebulebvaldebulebvaldebulebvaldebulebebi momsaxurebasTan dakavSirebiTebi momsaxurebasTan dakavSirebiTebi momsaxurebasTan dakavSirebiTebi momsaxurebasTan dakavSirebiT

momsaxurebis sferoSi saqarTvelos valdebulebebis Sedarebisas,

liberalizaciis done bevrad aRemateba im dones, romelic ganviTarebadi

qveynebisaTvis aris gaTvaliswinebuli da, garkveul wilad, sakmaod axlos aris

centraluri da aRmosavleTi evropis im qveynebis liberalizaciis donesTan,

romlebic, rogorc mosalodnelia, uaxloes momavalSi Sevlen evrokavSiris wevri

qveynebis ricxvSi.

liberaluri pozicialiberaluri pozicialiberaluri pozicialiberaluri pozicia

zogadad, saqarTvelos savaWro politika sakmaod liberaluria. aseTma

poziciam SesaZlebeli gaxada saqarTvelos miReba mso-Si. amave dros, mso-Si

gawevrianeba saSualebas miscems qarTvel mewarmeebsa da vaWrebs isargeblon

msomsomsomso----Si gawevrianebaSi gawevrianebaSi gawevrianebaSi gawevrianeba

saqarTvelos ekonomikis mimarTulebebi saqarTvelos ekonomikis mimarTulebebi saqarTvelos ekonomikis mimarTulebebi saqarTvelos ekonomikis mimarTulebebi –––– 2000 weli, #1 2000 weli, #1 2000 weli, #1 2000 weli, #1 4

upiratesi xelSewyobis reJimis statusidan gamomdinare SedegebiT eqsportisas 130-ze

met qveyanaSi. mso-Si gawevrianeba gazrdis adgilobrivi kompaniebis dainteresebas

imaSi, rom met efeqturobas miaRwion da agreTve, xels Seuwyobs ucxoeli

investorebis mozidvas saqarTveloSi da, Sesabamisad, eqsportze orientirebuli

saqmianobis ganviTarebasac.

Tu gaviTvaliswinebT saqarTvelos ekonomikis mcire masStabs da aseve im

faqts, rom saqarTvelos savaWro balansi udaod saWiroebs gaumjobesebas eqsportis

ganviTarebis xarjze, proteqcionisturi midgomis mxardaWera naklebad aris

dasaSvebi. mTel rig empiriul kvlevebSi yuradReba gamaxvilebulia imaze, rom

liberaluri savaWro politika dadebiTad moqmedebs zrdaze, Semosavlebsa da qveynis

social-ekonomikur keTildReobaze.

daniel linoti, GEPLAC-s ekonomikuri jgufis xelmZRvaneli

wyaroebi: "saqarTvelo da msoflio savaWro organizacia", GEPLAC-i da MTFER-i, 1999 w. agreTve, ix. sem-i, 1999 w. #4, statistikuri danarTi.

Tavi pirveli. mokle mimoxilvaTavi pirveli. mokle mimoxilvaTavi pirveli. mokle mimoxilvaTavi pirveli. mokle mimoxilva

saqarTvelos saqarTvelos saqarTvelos saqarTvelos ekonomikis mimarTulebebi ekonomikis mimarTulebebi ekonomikis mimarTulebebi ekonomikis mimarTulebebi –––– 2000 2000 2000 2000 weli, #1weli, #1weli, #1weli, #1 5

erovnuli angariSebi da ZiriTadi mimarTulebebierovnuli angariSebi da ZiriTadi mimarTulebebierovnuli angariSebi da ZiriTadi mimarTulebebierovnuli angariSebi da ZiriTadi mimarTulebebi erovnuli angariSebierovnuli angariSebierovnuli angariSebierovnuli angariSebi

pesimisturi prognozebis miuxedavad, 1999 wlis meore kvartlidan warmoebaSi, soflis meurneobasa da vaWrobaSi arsebiTi winsvla aRiniSna, ramac dadebiTad imoqmeda qveynis saerTo ekonomikur mdgomareobaze. 1999 wels mSp-s zrdam 3,0 procenti Seadgina. wina wlebis msgavsad, mrewveloba, soflis meurneoba, transporti da kavSirgabmuloba wamyvan seqtorebad rCeba. statistikuri aRricxvis meTodebis gaumjobesebis Sedegad, ukanaskneli periodisaTvis mSp-s maCvenebeli gadasinjvis Semdeg, nominalur gamosaxulebaSi, 30 procentiT Semcirda. eqsportis moculoba 9,8 procentiT meti iyo, vidre 1998 wels. wlis ganmavlobaSi eqsportis wminda matebam 29 milioni aSS dolari Seadgina: wlis pirvel naxevarSi 21 milioni aSS dolariT Semcirebis Semdeg, meore naxevarSi moxda mkveTri zrda 51 milioni aSS dolaris odenobiT. eqsportis maCveneblis vardna wlis pirvel naxevarSi SeiZleba 1998 wlis bolos ruseTis finansur kriziss mivaweroT, xolo 1999 wlis meore naxevarSi aRniSnuli mateba imaze miuTiTebs, rom saqarTveloSi, adgilobrivi valutis gaufasurebiT Seqmnili eqsportisaTvis xelsayreli pirobebis gamoyeneba daiwyo. 2000 wlis 1 ianvris mdgomareobiT, gamoyofili kreditebis mTlianma odenobam 2,040,08 milioni aSS dolari Seadgina, aqedan 1,750,74 milioni aSS dolari aTvisebul iqna. sagareo vali Zalze didia da valis momsaxurebis gadasaxadebi kvlavac sagrZnoblad moqmedebs saqarTvelos Semosavlebze ucxour valutaSi.

soflis meurneobasoflis meurneobasoflis meurneobasoflis meurneoba soflis meurneobis seqtorisTvis biujetidan Tanxebis gamoyofasTan

dakavSirebiT Seqmnili mdgomareoba kvlavac arasaxarbieloa: 2000 wlis pirveli kvartlis ganmavlobaSi gegmiT gaTvaliswinebuli Tanxis sul 8,3 procenti iqna gamoyofili. im faqtis miuxedavad, rom soflis meurneobisa da kvebis saministros biujeti saqarTveloSi evrokavSiris kvebis uzrunvelyofis programiT aris uzrunvelyofili, saministrom ver moaxerxa agraruli seqtorisTvis saxelmwifo biujetSi gaTvaliswinebuli Tanxebis gamoyofa.

Txilis eqsporti sul ufro metad iqcevs yuradRebas, rogorc qveynis sagareo

vaWrobis erT-erTi yvelaze swrafad mzardi mimarTuleba. 1999 wels Txilis eqsportma gadaaWarba Rvinis da Cais eqsports. Txilis moSenebis ganviTarebisaTvis SemuSavda specialuri saxelmwifo daxmarebis programa; Tumca, es proeqti msxvil saxelmwifo investiciebs saWiroebs, 2000 wlis biujetSi ki axali meurneobebisaTvis sul 102 aTasi laria gamoyofili.

warmoebawarmoebawarmoebawarmoeba gasuli wlis bolodan, warmoebis moculoba gaizarda, kerZod ki, samTo-

mompovebeli, gadamamuSavebeli mrewvelobis, eleqtroenergiis, gazisa da wylis momaragebis seqtorebSi. mrewvelobis saministros monacemebis Tanaxmad, 1999 wlis ganmavlobaSi warmoebis mTliani moculoba 7,4 procentiT gaizarda. 1999 wels, mrewvelobis saministros daqvemdebarebaSi myofi kompaniebis mier biujetSi gadaricxulma Tanxam 20,5 milioni lari Seadgina, rac orjer aRemateba 1998 wels gadaricxul Tanxas. am kompaniebis eqsportma maTi mTliani produqciis 48 procenti Seadgina, rac agreTve daaxloebiT orjer metia vidre wina wels.

mokle momixilvamokle momixilvamokle momixilvamokle momixilva


infrastruqturainfrastruqturainfrastruqturainfrastruqtura Savi zRvis qveynebis vaWrobisa da ganviTarebis banki apirebs foTi-varnas

optikur-boWkovani wyalqveSa kavSiris xazis (FOSCR) proeqtis dafinansebas. FOSCR-is proeqti TRACECA-s (evropa-kavkasiis satransporto koridori) infrastruqturisa da axali abreSumis gzis didi satransporto koridoris erT-erTi mTavari damakavSirebeli nawili gaxda.

saqarTvelos mTavrobam da potenciur investorTa jgufma SeaTanxmes baqo-

Tbilisi-jeihanis mTavari milsadenis proeqtis ganviTarebis pirveli etapis dasrulebis pirobebi.

investiciebiinvesticiebiinvesticiebiinvesticiebi

saqarTvelos ekonomikaSi EBRD-i erT-erT yvelaze msxvil investors

warmoadgens. 1999 wlis 31 dekembris mdgomareobiT, EBRD-is saqarTveloSi ukve gaformebuli aqvs ToTxmeti sainvesticio proeqti, romelTa saerTo Rirebuleba 169,3 milion evros Seadgens. infrastruqturis saxelmwifo proeqtebis realizaciis garda, EBRD-i yuradRebas amaxvilebs agreTve kerZo seqtoris proeqtebzec finansur, eleqtroenergiis ganawilebis, mrewvelobis, soflis meurneobis, navTob-mompovebel da sxva seqtorebSi.

1999 wels da 2000 wlis pirvel kvartalSi saqarTveloSi ucxouri

investiciebis mniSvnelovani Semcireba aRiniSneboda, gansakuTrebiT, ucxouri investiciebisa ZiriTad kapitalSi.

saxelmwifo finansebisaxelmwifo finansebisaxelmwifo finansebisaxelmwifo finansebi 1999 wels, saxelmwifo biujetSi Sevida 629,2 milioni lari (kapitaluri Semosavlebis garda), rac gegmiT gaTvaliswinebuli maCveneblis 72,9 procentia. sagadasaxado Semosavlebma, navaraudevi 561,7 milioni laris nacvlad, 414,4 milioni lari Seadgina. ucxourma grantebma, mosalodneli 86,4 milioni laridan, mxolod 55,8 procenti Seadgina. socialuri uzrunvelyofis, dasaqmebisa da sagzao fondebidan miRebulma Semosavlebma, centraluri biujetidan miRebuli transferebis CaTvliT, Sesabamisad biujetiT gaTvaliswinebuli Semosavlebis 94, 94 da 121 procenti Seadgina. 1999 wlis saxelmwifo biujetis xarjebis maCvenebeli, ramodenime gadasinjvisa da Sesworebis Semdeg, 1,232 milion larze iqna dafiqsirebuli. realuri xarjebi am maCveneblis sam meoTxedze naklebi iyo: realurad, mxolod 904,8 milioni lari daixarja. centraluri biujetis xarjebma 758,5 milioni lari Seadgina, anu dagegmilis 70 procentamde. Sagadasaxado sferos susti administrirebis gamo, ekonomikis sxvadasxva seqtorebze saerTo sagadasaxado datvirTvis ganawileba ukiduresad uTanabrod xdeba. es xels uSlis resursebis efeqtur ganawilebas da aferxebs zogierTi seqtoris zrdas. is seqtorebi, romlebic gadasaxadebs ar ixdian, investiciebidan ufro maRal Semosavlebs iReben; im SezRuduli danazogebs gamoyeneba, romlebsac isini iTviseben, sxva seqtorebis ganviTarebis mizniT SeiZleboda. mTavroba apirebs reformis gatarebas gadasaxadebis administrirebis sferoSi. es reforma moicavs: funqcionalurad qmediTunariani organizaciuli struqturis SemuSavebas; Sida kontrolis meqanizmis Semdgom daxvewas; kompiuterizacias; kadrebis Semcirebas; kompensaciis gazrdas; kadrebis SerCevisa da dawinaurebis procedurebis gaumjobesebas; da kadrebis momzadebisaTvis saWiro pirobebis Seqmnas departamentSi.

fuli da finansebifuli da finansebifuli da finansebifuli da finansebi



2000 wlis pirvel kvartalSi Catarda eqvsi 28-dRiani saxazino valdebulebebis

auqcioni. aRiniSneboda saprocento ganakveTebis klebis tendencia, xolo emisiebis

moculoba izrdeboda. seb-s mTavar mizans meoradi bazris ganviTareba warmoadgens,

rac garkveul Zalisxmevas saWiroebs rogorc seb-is, aseve komerciuli bankebis

mxridan.

2000 wlis pirvel kvartalSi, 7-dRiani sakredito auqcionebis saerTo

moculobam 23,8 milioni lari Seadgina. seb-is mier aRebulma sesxebma 19 milioni

lari Seadgina; saSualo saprocento ganakveTi 22,7 procenti iyo. 2000 wlis pirvel

kvartalSi, 60-dRiani auqcionebis saerTo moculobam 5,5 milioni lari,

bankTaSorisma vaWrobam 1,5 milioni lari, xolo wliurma saprocento ganakveTma 26

procenti Seadgina. 2000 wlis pirvel kvartalSi, 60-dRiani sakredito auqcionebis

moculobam 100 aTasi lari Seadgina. 2000 wlis pirvel kvartalSi 90-dRiani

sakredito auqcionebi ar gamarTula, vinaidan bankebma savaluto riskis Tavidan

acileba arCies.

saerTaSoriso vaWrobasaerTaSoriso vaWrobasaerTaSoriso vaWrobasaerTaSoriso vaWroba

2000 wlis pirveli kvartlis ganmavlobaSi, saqarTvelos savaWro balansi

gaumjobesda. savaWro deficitma 90,3 milioni aSS dolari Seadgina, kerZod 31

milioni aSS dolariT naklebi vidre 1999 wlis pirvel kvartalSi. saqarTvelos

uaryofiTi savaWro balansi hqonda 70 qveyanasTan, xolo dadebiTi mxolod 18

qveyanasTan. aqedan, yvelaze dadebiTi balansi saqarTvelos hqonda TurqeTTan da

siriasTan. mezobeli qveynebi – ruseTi, azerbaijani, somxeTi da TurqeTi, kvlavac

saqarTvelos mTavar saeqsporto bazrebad rCeba. amasTan, mniSvnelovani zrda

aRiniSneba aseve saqarTvelos evrokavSiris qveynebTan savaWro urTierTobebis

ganviTarebis mxriv. am TvalsazrisiT, germania saqarTvelosTvis erT-erTi yvelaze

msxvili importiori qveyana.

20 aprils saqarTvelos parlamentma moaxdina saqarTvelos mso-Si

gawevrianebis dokumentis ratifikacia. manamde, 1999 wlis 6 oqtombers, mso-s

generalurma sabWom daamtkica saqarTvelos samuSao jgufi da e.w. “gawevrianebis

protokoli”. 14 ivniss, mso-s samdivnos mier Setyobinebis miRebis Semdeg, saqarTvelo

mso-s 137-e wevri gaxda.

privatizacia privatizacia privatizacia privatizacia

2000 wlis pirvel kvartalSi privatizaciis procesSi mcire winsvla

aRiniSneboda. miuxedavad imisa, rom ganxorcielda zogierTi msxvili sawarmos

privatizacia (gaiyida kaspis cementi da saqenergoremonti, xolo Tuji XXI marTvaSia

gadacemuli) tenderebis umetesobam investorebi ver moizida. bevri msxvili sawarmo

isev gasayidad aris gamotanili. saxelmwifo qonebis marTvis saministrom Seamcira am

sawarmoTa aqciebis sawyisi gasayidi fasi, zogierT SemTxvevaSi sainvesticio

moTxovnac ki Semcirda. Tumca, tenderis pirobebi igive rCeba, rac am sawarmoTa

gayidvas gaarTulebs. yvelaze didi warmatebiT mimdinareobs eleqtroenergiis

gamanawilebeli da gamommuSavebeli obieqtebis privatizaciis procesi, romelic 1999

wlis bolos daiwyo da, umetes SemTxvevebSi, 2000 wlis pirvel kvartalSi dasrulda.

satelekomunikacio seqtoris privatizaciaSi finansuri konsultantis statusi



“komercbankma” moipova. Sps “saqarTvelos eleqtrokavSiri” da saqarTvelos

telekomis gayidva mimdinare wlis bolosTvis aris dagegmili.

dasaqmeba, Semosavlebi da socialuri uzrunvelyofis sistedasaqmeba, Semosavlebi da socialuri uzrunvelyofis sistedasaqmeba, Semosavlebi da socialuri uzrunvelyofis sistedasaqmeba, Semosavlebi da socialuri uzrunvelyofis sistemamamama

Sromis bazariSromis bazariSromis bazariSromis bazari

iseT pirobebSi, rodesac umuSevrobis da TviTdasaqmebis registracia kvlavac

problematuri rCeba, Sromis bazarze arsebuli mdgomareobis Sesaxeb informaciis

yvelaze saimedo wyaroebs ssd-s mier samuSao Zalis erovnuli gamokvleva da ssd-s

mimdinare SinameurneobaTa gamokvleva warmoadgens. miuxedavad imisa, rom 1999 wlis

pirveli kvartlidan dasaqmeba izrdeba, xolo umuSevroba (Sso-s standartiT)

TandaTanobiT klebulobs, 1999 wels 1998 welTan SedarebiT, dasaqmebulTa ricxvi

Semcirda, xolo umuSevroba gaizarda. 1999 wlis bolos, samuSao Zalis monawileobis

koeficienti 63,5 procentamde daeca. TviTdasaqmeba Warbobs dasaqmebas, xolo

TviTdasaqmebaSi Warbobs TviTdasaqmeba soflis meurneobis seqtorSi (88,6 procenti),

romelic mxolod saarsebo minimums uzrunvelyobs. 1999 wlis meoTxe kvartalSi, ssd-

s samuSao Zalis gamokvlevis Sedegebze dafuZnebuli umuSevrobis erovnuli

maCvenebli Sso-s “mkacri” Sefasebis standartiT 14,8 procents Seadgenda, xolo Sso-

s “Serbilebuli” standartiT – 17,3 procents. arasruli dasaqmeba, SeniRbuli da

faruli umuSevroba kvlavac farTodaa gavrcelebuli, xolo muSakTa didi nawili

uvado SvebulebaSia gaSvebuli.

xelfasebixelfasebixelfasebixelfasebi

mTeli ekonomikis masStabiT, minimaluri Tviuri xelfasi 1999 wlis ivnisSi prezidentis mier gamocemuli gankargulebis safuZvelze, 20 larze iqna dafiqsirebuli. amiT oTxwliani intervalis Semdeg, minimaluri xelfasis principi xelaxla iqna SemoRebuli. M1999 wels, mTels qveyanaSi saSualo Tviuri xelfasi 61,2 lars Seadgenda. nominalur gamosaxulebaSi xelfasebi mcireoden matebas asaxaven, xolo realurad xelfasebi klebas ganagrZobs. saxelmwifo seqtoris bevri muSaki mxolod simbolur xelfass Rebulobs da Tanac araregularulad, xolo xelfasebze davalianebis dagroveba kvlavac grZeldeba.

Semosavlebis struqturaSemosavlebis struqturaSemosavlebis struqturaSemosavlebis struqtura

gasuli periodis ganmavlobaSi SinameurneobaTa saerTo SemosavlebSi ramdenadme arsebiTi zrda ar asaxula; piriqiT, saSualo wliuri absoluturi cifrebis mcireodeni zrda, inflaciis donis zrdas Tu gaviTvaliswinebT, SinameurneobaTa biujetis saerTo mdgomareobis gauaresebaze miuTiTebs. arafuladi Semosavali kvlavac SinameurneobaTa biujetis mniSvnelovan nawils Seadgens, gansakuTrebiT ki mcireSemosavliani Sinameurneobebis biujetis Semosavlebis. fuladi Semosavlebis indikatorebi nominalur matebasac ki ar asaxaven. anazRaurebad samsaxurSi dakavebulTa Semosavlebi izrdeba, xolo TviTdasaqmebulTa Semosavlebi klebulobs, rac kerZo seqtorSi daqiravebul muSakTa ricxvis matebas da TviTdasaqmebis arastabilurobas asaxavs.



socialuri uzrunvelyofis sistema socialuri uzrunvelyofis sistema socialuri uzrunvelyofis sistema socialuri uzrunvelyofis sistema

socialuri sferos reforma dRis wesrigSi dgas da gardamavali periodis mosalodnelze ufro metad gaxangrZlivebis pirobebSi socialuri politikis mniSvnelobac izrdeba. dResdReobiT, socialuri uzrunvelyofis sistema, rogorc Cans, ar aris sakmarisad efeqturi, raTa uzrunvelyos RaribTa dacvis srulyofili meqanizmi da ver axerxebs xandazmulTa yvelaze elementaruli moTxovnilebebis dakmayofilebas. amJamad, sagadasaxado Semosavlebis Segrovebis dabali donis gamo ver xerxdeba pensiebisa da mizanmimarTuli socialuri daxmarebebis sruli dafinanseba, xolo daxmarebebis ganakveTis gazrdaze laparakic ki zedmetia. pirvel rigSi, unda moxdes dagvianebuli xelfasebis gadaxda, rac gaxdeba winapiroba sapensio davalianebis dafarvisa. saxelmwifos mier gaTvaliswinebuli socialuri dacvis sistema safuZvlian restruqturizacias moiTxovs, rac finansuri krizisis pirobebSi, did Zalisxmevas saWiroebs. es Zalisxmeva mizanmimarTuli unda iyos ekonomikurad sicocxlisunariani, xelmisawvdomi da Tanabari socialuri uzrunvelyofis sistemis Seqmnaze, romelic xels Seuwyobs qveynis social-ekonomikur ganviTarebas.

Tavi meore: erovnuli angariSebi da ZiriTadi mimarTulebebiTavi meore: erovnuli angariSebi da ZiriTadi mimarTulebebiTavi meore: erovnuli angariSebi da ZiriTadi mimarTulebebiTavi meore: erovnuli angariSebi da ZiriTadi mimarTulebebi

saqarTvelo ekonomikis mimarTulebebi saqarTvelo ekonomikis mimarTulebebi saqarTvelo ekonomikis mimarTulebebi saqarTvelo ekonomikis mimarTulebebi –––– 2000 2000 2000 2000 weli, #1 weli, #1 weli, #1 weli, #1 10

1998 wlis meore naxevris finansurma da sabiujeto krizisma uaryofiTad

imoqmeda qveynis ekonomikur ganviTarebaze, rac gansakuTrebiT SesamCnevi gaxda 1999

wlis pirvel kvartalSi. 1999 wlis meore kvartlidan, pesimisturi prognozis

miuxedavad, mniSvnelovani winsvla aRiniSna warmoebis, soflis meurneobisa da

vaWrobis seqtorebSi, ramac dadebiTi gavlena moaxdina saqarTvelos saerTo

ekonomikur maCveneblebze. 1999 wlis ganmavlobaSi finansur seqtorSi mniSvnelovani

cvlilebebi moxda, rac ZiriTadad ganpirobebuli iyo: regulirebadi mcocavi

savaluto kursidan Tavisuflad mcocavi savaluto kursis reJimze gadasvliT,

Tambaqosa da alkoholur sasmelebze aqcizis dawesebiT da garda amisa,

energoresursebis tarifebisa da fasebis matebiT. 1999 wlis pirveli cxra Tvis

manZilze dafiqsirebuli kursis meryeobis Semdeg, erovnuli valuta stabiluri

gaxda da dekemberSi lari/dolaris saSualo gacvliTi kursi 1,953-mde gaizarda,

maSin roca aprilSi saSualo gacvliTi kursi 2,186 iyo. 1999 wels inflaciam 10,9

procenti Seadgina, rac biujetiT gaTvaliswinebul maCvenebelze sul 0,2 procentiT

metia. warmoebis moculoba 7,4 procentiT gaizarda. 1998 wlis Sesabamis periodebTan

SedarebiT ekonomikurma zrdam, 1999 wlis pirveli kvartalSi 1,9 procentidan, meore

kvartalSi 3 procents miaRwia. Tumca, es bevrad Camouvardeba mosalodnel

maCvenebels, rac eWvis qveS ayenebs biujetis Semosavlebis prognozs. (biujetis

cvlilebebis Sesaxeb Semdgomi informaciisTvis ix. Tavi mesame).

cxrili 2.1: erovnuli ekonomikis ZiriTadi indikatorebi 1999 wlisaTvis cxrili 2.1: erovnuli ekonomikis ZiriTadi indikatorebi 1999 wlisaTvis cxrili 2.1: erovnuli ekonomikis ZiriTadi indikatorebi 1999 wlisaTvis cxrili 2.1: erovnuli ekonomikis ZiriTadi indikatorebi 1999 wlisaTvis ---- 1998 1998 1998 1998

welTan SedarebiT welTan SedarebiT welTan SedarebiT welTan SedarebiT

(1998=100)

mSp 103.0

mrewveloba 104.8

soflis meurneoba 108.0

investiciebi ZiriTad kapitalSi 42.9

transportis tvirTbrunva 86.8

m/S sarkinigzo transportis tvirTbrunva 122.0

sacalo vaWrobis da restornebis brunva 104.6

sagareo vaWrobis brunva 80.5

eqsporti 125.8

importi 70.5

registrirebuli umuSevrebis ricxvi 103.9

samomxmareblo fasebis indeqsi 110.9 wwwwyaro: statistikis saxelmwifo departamentiyaro: statistikis saxelmwifo departamentiyaro: statistikis saxelmwifo departamentiyaro: statistikis saxelmwifo departamenti

* 1999 wlis bolo 1998 welTan SedarebiT* 1999 wlis bolo 1998 welTan SedarebiT* 1999 wlis bolo 1998 welTan SedarebiT* 1999 wlis bolo 1998 welTan SedarebiT

mSpmSpmSpmSp da ZiriTadi mimarTulebebi da ZiriTadi mimarTulebebi da ZiriTadi mimarTulebebi da ZiriTadi mimarTulebebi

ssd-s winaswari monacemebiT, 1999 wels mSp-s zrdam 30 procenti Seadgina.

iseve, rogorc wina wlebSi, ekonomikis wamyvani seqtorebia mrewveloba, soflis

meurneoba, transporti da kavSirgabmuloba. 1999 wels, soflis meurneobis seqtorSi

Seqmnili damatebuli Rirebuleba 5,6 procentiT gaizarda da 1998 welTan SedarebiT,

am seqtoris pozicia gamyarda. Sesabamisi periodis ganmavlobaSi, mrewvelobaSi

erovnuli angariSebi da ZiriTadi mimarTulebebierovnuli angariSebi da ZiriTadi mimarTulebebierovnuli angariSebi da ZiriTadi mimarTulebebierovnuli angariSebi da ZiriTadi mimarTulebebi

saqarTvel ekonomikis mimarTulebebi saqarTvel ekonomikis mimarTulebebi saqarTvel ekonomikis mimarTulebebi saqarTvel ekonomikis mimarTulebebi –––– 2000 2000 2000 2000 weli, #1 weli, #1 weli, #1 weli, #1 11

damatebuli Rirebuleba gaizarda 5,7 procentiT, maSin roca 1999 wlis pirvel

kvartalSi es zrda 2,6 procents Seadgenda. wina wlebSi vardnis Semdeg, 1999 wels

mrewvelobis zrda SeiZleba ufro xelsayrel realur gacvliT kurss mivaweroT

(adgilobrivi nawarmiT importis Canacvleba). transporti da kavSirgabmuloba

dinamiurad ganviTarebadi saqmianobis seqtorebs warmoadgens. am seqtorebSi Seqmnili

damatebuli Rirebuleba, iseve rogorc wina wlebSi, stabilurad matulobs.

umniSvnelod gaizarda vaWroba da misi wili qveynis saerTo damatebul

RirebulebaSi kvlavac maRalia (11,7 procenti).

1998 welTan SedarebiT, 1999 wels savaWro balansis deficiti 1,8 procentiT

Semcirda, xolo eqsportis moculoba 26,8 procentiT gaizarda. 1999 wlis

ganmavlobaSi gaizarda sastumroebisa da restornebis momsaxureba da mSp-Si am

seqtoris wilma 2,4 procents miaRwia. wminda gadasaxadebi gaizarda 9,4 procentiT,

magram sxva sagadasaxado da arasagadasaxado Semosavlebis klebis gamo biujetis

Sesruleba srulad ar moxerxda da mTeli am periodis ganmavlobaSi xdeboda

biujetis Semcirebebi. es agreTve farul ekonomikasa da qveynis ekonomikaSi mis did

wilze miuTiTebs, romelic kvlav maRali rCeba arafinansur korporaciaTa seqtorSi

(45-50 procenti).

cxrili 2.2: mSpcxrili 2.2: mSpcxrili 2.2: mSpcxrili 2.2: mSp----s realuri cvlilebebi, 1999 welis realuri cvlilebebi, 1999 welis realuri cvlilebebi, 1999 welis realuri cvlilebebi, 1999 weli

(1998=100)

seqtori 1999 w el i wil i 1999

1998 w el Tan wl is mSp-Si

mrew vwl oba

sofl is meurn eoba, metyeveoba, meT evzeoba 105 .7 13 .0

mSen ebl oba 105 .6 28 .0

vaWroba 87.2 3 .8

sastumroebi da restorn ebi 104.8 11.7

transporti 106.7 2.4

kavSirgabmul oba 105 .4 9.1

saxel mwifo marT va da Tavdacva 105 .8 2.5

gan aTl eba 94.6 3 .5

jandacva 93 .8 2.2

sxva momsaxureba 94.5 1.4

mSp faqtorul fasebSi 95 .7 2.1

w mi nda gadasaxadebi 103 .0 100

mSp 109.4 5 .3

mSp defl atori 113 .3 __ wyaro: statistikis saxelmwifo depawyaro: statistikis saxelmwifo depawyaro: statistikis saxelmwifo depawyaro: statistikis saxelmwifo departamentirtamentirtamentirtamenti

rogorc sem-s wina gamocemebSia aRniSnuli, erovnuli angariSebis warmoebaSi

garkveuli sirTuleebis gamo, 90-ani wlebis dasawyisidan ssd-ma, saerTaSoriso

finansuri eqspertebis daxmarebiT, daiwyo axali meTodze dayrdnobiT bolo

periodis monacemTa gadasinjva. es ukanasknel monacemTa safuZvelze 1998-1999 wlebis

erovnuli angariSebis gadaxedvis saSualebas iZleva. mSp-s maCveneblebis

gaangariSeba, ZiriTadad, warmoebis maCvenebelze dafuZnebuli meTodis meSveobiT

xdeboda. axla maTi gaanalizeba agreTve damoukidebladac SeiZleba, xarjTa

maCvenebelze dafuZnebuli meTodiT. es, Sesabamisad, garkveul cvlilebebis gvaZlevs

wina maCveneblebTan SedarebiT.


saqarTvelos ekonomikis mimarTulebebi saqarTvelos ekonomikis mimarTulebebi saqarTvelos ekonomikis mimarTulebebi saqarTvelos ekonomikis mimarTulebebi –––– 2000 2000 2000 2000 weli, #1 weli, #1 weli, #1 weli, #1 12

cxrili 2.3: cxrili 2.3: cxrili 2.3: cxrili 2.3: mSpmSpmSpmSp----s moculoba xarjTa maCveneblebze dayrdnobiTs moculoba xarjTa maCveneblebze dayrdnobiTs moculoba xarjTa maCveneblebze dayrdnobiTs moculoba xarjTa maCveneblebze dayrdnobiT

(milioni lari)

1996 1997 1998

mSp-s Zveli Sefaseba 5.300 6.432 6.849

mSp-s axali Sefaseba 3.898 4.586 4.796 wyaro: statistikis saxelmwifo departamenti

cxrili 2.4: cxrili 2.4: cxrili 2.4: cxrili 2.4: mSpmSpmSpmSp----s moculoba warmoebis moculobis maCveneblebze dayrdnobiTs moculoba warmoebis moculobis maCveneblebze dayrdnobiTs moculoba warmoebis moculobis maCveneblebze dayrdnobiTs moculoba warmoebis moculobis maCveneblebze dayrdnobiT

(milioni lari)

Zveli Sefaseba axali Sefaseba

mSp mimdinare 1996 1997 1998 1996 1997 1998

fasebSi 5.300 6, 432 6.849 3.768 4.504 4.794

(milioni lari)

mSp erT sul mosaxleze 775 913 906 644 755 749

(dolarebSi)

mSp erT sul mosaxleze 978 1184 1261 814 980 1043

(larebSi)

zrdis tempi % ______ 111.3 102.9 ____ 110.8 102.9 wyaro: statistikis saxelmwifo departamentiwyaro: statistikis saxelmwifo departamentiwyaro: statistikis saxelmwifo departamentiwyaro: statistikis saxelmwifo departamenti

moyvanili Sedareba gviCvenebs, rom 1996-1998 wlebis mSp-s maCveneblebi

daaxloebiT 30 procentamde Semcirda da Sesabamisad zrdis maCveneblebic Seicvala.

mSp-s moculobis Semcireba umTavresad araregistrirebuli (Crdilovani) ekonomikis

maCvenebelTa vardniT aris gamowveuli (ix. cxrili 2.5).

cxrili 2.5: qveynis ekonomikaSi araregistrirebuli warmoebis xvedriTi wili (%)cxrili 2.5: qveynis ekonomikaSi araregistrirebuli warmoebis xvedriTi wili (%)cxrili 2.5: qveynis ekonomikaSi araregistrirebuli warmoebis xvedriTi wili (%)cxrili 2.5: qveynis ekonomikaSi araregistrirebuli warmoebis xvedriTi wili (%)

1996 1997 1998

araregistrirebuli mTliani 27 16 24

produqcia

arafinansuri seqtoris

araregistrirebuli mTliani 59 54 48

produqcia wyarwyarwyarwyaro: statistikis saxelmwifo departamentio: statistikis saxelmwifo departamentio: statistikis saxelmwifo departamentio: statistikis saxelmwifo departamenti

garkveuli problemebis miuxedavad, warmoebis seqtorma mniSvnelovan winsvlas

miaRwia warmoebis zrdis, stabilizaciisa da reformebis gatarebis mxriv.

indikatorebis umetesoba am seqtoris zrdis tendenciaze miuTiTebs. 1996-1999 wlebis

ganmavlobaSi samrewvelo warmoebis moculobaSi momxdari cvlilebebis safuZvelze

SeiZleba iTqvas, rom samrewvelo seqtoris mier sabazro ekonomikis pirobebTan

adaptirebis procesi ukve dasrulda da rom igi TandaTanobiT gaizrdeba da mTel

Tavis potencials gamoiyenebs. 1996 wels, samrewvelo warmoebis zrda 7 procents

Seadgenda, xolo 1999 wels igi 8,1 procentamde avida. aRsaniSnavia, rom 1998 wels

sagareo ekonomikuri faqtorebis gamo, samrewvelo warmoebis moculobaSi 2,7



procentiani kleba dafiqsirda, magram 1999 wels samrewvelo warmoebis moculoba 7,4

procentiT gaizarda.

saqarTvelos kanonmdeblobaSi Setanilma cvlilebebma da saerTaSoriso

organizaciebis teqnikurma da finansurma daxmarebam mniSvnelovanwilad daaCqara

soflis meurneobis seqtoris reabilitacia. bolo wlebis ekonomikuri cvlilebis

Sedegad, am seqtorma daiwyo orientireba adgilobriv bazarze, Tumca arsebobs

mzardi interesi soflis meurneobis eqsportze orientirebuli dargebis mimarT

rogoricaa, magaliTad, Cais warmoeba. ssd-s mixedviT, 1998 wels soflis meurneobis

warmoebis zrdam, wina welTan SedarebiT, 8 procenti Seadgina. 1999 wels xorblis

kargi mosavali iyo: moweul iqna 780 aTasi tona xorbali, rac 1998 welTan

SedarebiT, 175 aTasi toniT metia. soflis meurneobaSi izrdeba pirutyvis ricxvi,

matulobs rogorc Roris, aseve cxvris raodenoba. arsebiTi zrda dafiqsirda

kartofilis, bostneulis, Cais foTlis, mzesumzirisa da Tambaqos warmoebaSi. rac

Seexeba citrusebis, yurZnisa da xilis warmoebas, ukanaskneli periodis ganmavlobaSi

igi TandaTanobiT klebulobda, rac mosavlis gayidvasTan dakavSirebuli

problemebiTa da gadamamuSavebeli mrewvelobis arasaxarbielo mdgomareobiT aris

ganpirobebuli.

saqarTvelos monawileoba abreSumis gzis da TRACECA-s proeqtebSi karg

perspeqtivebs qmnis qveynis transportis seqtoris ganviTarebisTvis. ssd-s Tanaxmad,

1999 wlis ganmavlobaSi, rkinigzis, sagzao da sahaero transportiT gadayvanil

mgzavrTa da tvirTbrunvis moculoba stabilurad izrdeboda.

yvela tipis sazogadoebrivi transportiT gadatanili tvirTis moculobam

25,9 milioni tona Seadgina. tvirTis mTliani moculoba 6,7 procentiT gaizarda,

xolo tvirTbrunva, 1998 welTan SedarebiT, 13,2 procentiT Semcirda. sagzao

tvirTis moculoba gaizarda 6,7 procentiT, xolo tvirTbrunva - 9,1 procentiT.

aRniSnuli periodis ganmavlobaSi, saqarTvelos sahaero transportis mier

gadayvanil mgzavrTa raodenoba 27,5 procentiT daeca, xolo samgzavro transportis

brunva, 1998 welTan SedarebiT, 26,5 procentiT daeca.

varaudoben, rom saqarTvelos sahaero flotis aRdgena da momsaxurebis

standartebis gaumjobeseba dadebiTad imoqmedebs saerTo samgzavro gadazidvebsa da

aviakompaniis Semosavlebze. rkinigzis transportiT gadatanili tvirTis moculoba

11,2 procentiT, tvirTbrunva ki - 22 procentiT gaizarda, xolo mgzavrTa raodenoba

12,1 procentiT Semcirda. 1999 wlis ganmavlobaSi saqarTvelos sazRvao

transportiT gadaziduli tvirTis moculoba 33 procentiT Semcirda, xolo

tvirTbrunva – 26,4 procentiT. wina welTan SedarebiT, foTisa da baTumis

navsadgurebSi tvirTzidvis moculoba 16,6 procentiT gaizarda. saqarTvelos

geografiuli adgilmdebareoba navTobiT mdidar kaspiis regionTan da Sua aziasTan

siaxloves, rogorc Cans, ufro metad Seuwyobs xels da gazrdis tvirTbrunvis

moculobas da ara mgzavrTa raodenobasa da brunvas.

kavSirgabmulobakavSirgabmulobakavSirgabmulobakavSirgabmuloba saqarTvelos ekonomikis yvelaze aqtiuri seqtoria, romelic

ucxour investorTa mzard interess iwvevs. am seqtoris ganviTarebas xeli Seuwyo

saerTaSoriso organizaciebis mxardaWeram saxelmwifo qselebTan erTad kerZo

qselebis ganviTarebaSi. mobiluri telekavSiris qselebis swraf gafarToebasTan



erTad, grZeldeba miwiszeda satelefono xazebis modernizaciac; analogsistemebis

umetesoba ukve Seicvala cifruli sistemebiT. seriozuli cvlilebebi ganxorcielda

tele-radio gadamcem sadgurebSi kaxeTis, qarTlis, aWaris da zogierT sxva

regionebSi.

1999 wlis ganmavlobaSi kavSirgabmulobisa da fostis seqtoris mTlianma

Semosavlebma 127,1 milioni lari Seadgina. am periodSi, saerTaSoriso da

saqalaqTaSoriso satelofono saubrebis raodenobam 49,1 milioni erTeuli Seadgina,

rac 112,9 procentiT metia vidre 1998 wels. safosto momsaxureba, romelic dRemde

naklebad imsaxurebda ndobas, rogorc Cans, ufro swrafi da saimedo xdeba,

saqarTvelos ormxrivi saerTaSoriso safosto kavSiri ufro Cqara xorcieldeba.

aramaterialuri warmoebis registrirebuli moculoba (vaWrobis,

momsaxurebis, ganaTlebis, jandacvis da a.S. CaTvliT) mniSvnelovnad gaizarda, Tumca

Znelia imis Tqma Tu riTia es ganpirobebuli - realuri zrdiT, Tu ukeTesi

statistikuri aRricxviT? statistikis saxelmwifo departamenti yvela Rones

xmarobs, raTa statistikuri aRricxva gaumjobesdes. ssd-s winaswari monacemebiT, 1999

wels momsaxurebis moculobam (vaWrobis CaTvliT) 2,400 milioni lari Seadgina, rac

1,5-jer metia vidre wina wels. cota xnis win Catarda restornebis Semowmeba, ris

Sedegadac gamovlinda, rom restornebis realuri Semosavlebis odenoba daaxloebiT

150 procentiT aRemateba registrirebuls. rac Seexeba benzinisa da dizelis

gasamarTav sadgurebs, varaudoben, rom aq realuri Semosavlis damalvis done kidev

ufro maRalia.

mosalodnelia, rom ganaTlebis seqtorSi mimdinare reformebi dadebiT

gavlenas moaxdens am seqtoris ganviTarebaze, Tumca mosaxleobis dabali

danazogebis gamo swrafi Sedegebis miReba rTuli iqneba. vinaidan, yvela umaRlesi

ganaTlebis dawesebuleba TandaTanobiT komerciul saqmianobaze gadadis, ekonomikis

am seqtoris Semdgomi zrdaa mosalodneli.

turizmisturizmisturizmisturizmis ganviTareba ucxouri valiutis Semosavlebis miRebis erT-erT

saukeTeso perspeqtivad aris miCneuli. qveynis biujetis mimdinare deficits da

sagareo valis odenobas Tu gaviTvaliswinebT, ucxouri valutis Semosavlebi

marTlac mwvave saWiroebas warmoadgens.

turizmis saxelmwifo departamentma SeimuSava programa, romelic am sakiTxebs

exeba. am programis ganxorcieleba unda moxdes 2005 wlamde da igi iTvaliswinebs

saqarTveloSi Camosul turistTa ricxvis gazrdas 1 milionamde. didi mniSvneloba

eniWeba saqarTvelos TanamSromlobas msoflio turizmis organizaciasTan (mto) da

UNESCO-sTan “didi abreSumis gzis” proeqtis farglebSi, romelic miznad isaxavs am

proeqtSi monawile wevri qveynebis turistuli infrastruqturis ganviTarebis

xelSewyobas.

turizmis saxelmwifo departamentis informaciis Tanaxmad, 1999 wlis

ganmavlobaSi qveyanas 383,8 aTasamde stumari ewvia (aqedan 219,2 aTasi dsT-s

qveynebidan da 164,5 aTasi sxva qveynebidan), xolo 373 aTasamde qarTveli gaemgzavra

sazRvargareT. turizmi swrafad ganviTarebad industrias warmoadgens da

mosalodnelia, rom Semdgomi 10 wlis ganmavlobaSi igi orjer metad gaizrdeba.



biznesbiznesbiznesbiznes----garemogaremogaremogaremo

statistikis saxelmwifo departamentis monacemebis Tanaxmad, 1999 wlis

ganmavlobaSi, samewarmeo saqmianobiT dakavebulTa ricxvma 374,8 aTasi Seadgina,

xolo 1999 wlis ianvar-seqtemberSi es ricxvi daaxloebiT 369,4 aTasi iyo. samewarmeo

saqmianobiT dakavebuli kompaniebis Sesaxeb arsebuli informaciis mixedviT, 61,8

procenti kerZo seqtorze modis da saqonlisa da momsaxurebis mTliani moculobaSi

am seqtoris wili 51,2 procents Seadgens. saerTo ekonomikur warmoebaSi mcire

sawarmoTa wili TandaTanobiT matulobs.

ramodenime xnis win, parlamentma daamtkica kanoni “sabuRaltro aRricxvisa

da angariSgebis Sesaxeb”, romlis safuZvelze saerTaSoriso sabuRaltro aRricxvis

standartebi saqarTvelosTvis erovnul standartebad iqna miCneuli. amave periodSi

saqarTvelos parlamentTan arsebulma saauditoro saqmianobis sabWom daamtkica

auditis saerTaSoriso standartebi, rogorc saqarTveloSi saauditoro Semowmebis

ganxorcielebis erTaderTi standartebi. dasavleTis angariswarmoebis modelis

SemoRebis erT-erT yvelaze dadebiT faqtors warmoadgens is, rom am models unari

Seswevs gaaumjobesos urTierToba qarTvel da ucxoel mewarmeTa Soris.

orwliani proeqtis farglebSi gaero daxmarebas uwevs saqarTvelos

mTavrobas sabazro ekonomikis aRricxvisa da auditoruli Semowmebis meTodebis

ganviTarebaSi kerZo seqtoris sawarmoTa ganviTarebis procesis daCqarebis mizniT.

standartebis damtkiceba agreTve Seesabameba saqarTvelos kanons mewarmeobis

Sesaxeb. saqarTvelos sawarmoTa aRricxvis reformis gaero-s proeqtis (GEAR)

ganxorcieleba daiwyo 1997 wlis bolos. proeqtis ganxorcielebas xelmZRvanelobs

saerTaSoriso korporacia Sibley, korporacia CARANA da Barents-s jgufTan erTad.

kapitaluri bazris ganviTarebis proeqti saqmiani garemos gaumjobesebisken

gadadgmul kidev erT mniSvnelovan nabijs warmoadgens. 1998 wels saqarTvelos

parlamentis mier SemoRebul iqna kanoni fasiani qaRaldebis bazris Sesaxeb. Barents-s LLC jgufis mier ganxorcielebuli proeqti, romelsac gaero afinansebs, moicavs

Semdeg komponentebs: fasiani qaRaldebis bazrisaTvis saWiro samarTlebrivi bazis

Seqmnas; saqarTvelos erovnuli fasiani qaRaldebis komisiis Camoyalibebas da

amuSavebas, proeqtis monawileTa da saxelmwifo moxeleTa profesiul momzadebas.

1999 wels saqarTvelos safondo birJam gaimarjva gaero-s mier gamocxadebul

tenderSi. mas Semdeg saqarTvelos safondo birJa dakavebulia fasiani qaRaldebiT

organizebuli vaWrobis dawyebisaTvis saWiro mosamzadebeli samuSaoebiT. 2000 wlis

ianvarSi, saqarTvelos safondo birJam moipova fasiani qaRaldebis erovnuli

komisiis licenzia da erTdroulad mas mieniWa TviT-mmarTveli organizaciis

statusi. dRes saqarTvelos safondo birJas 30 wevri-mflobeli sabrokero kompania

hyavs da igi aqciebiT vaWrobas awarmoebs. Semdgom igi daiwyebs aqtiur vaWrobas

sxvadasxva kompaniebis mier gamoSvebuli fasiani qaRaldebiT. es mTavar rols

iTamaSebs saqarTvelos ekonomikaSi portfeluri investiciebisa da danazogebis

zrdaSi.

saqarTvelos gawevrianeba msoflio savaWro organizaciaSi (mso) udaod

mniSvnelovani movlenaa. es mniSvnelovan wilad xels Seuwyobs warmoebis zrdas da



moizidavs eqsportis ganviTarebisTvis saWiro investiciebs. mso-Si Sesvlisa da

aqedan gamomdinare valdebulebebis Sedegad saqarTveloSi gauqmda is SezRudvebi,

romlebic marTavdnen ucxouri sadazRveo kompaniebis saqmianobas saqarTvelos

bazarze. es mniSvnelovnad gaaumjobesebs kompaniebis mier biznesisa da qonebis

dazRvevasTan dakavSirebuli saqmianobis warmarTvas saqarTveloSi da Sesabamisad,

xels Seuwyobs ucxour investiciebis mozidvas.

fasebifasebifasebifasebi

saxelmwifo statistikis departamentis Tanaxmad, 1999 wels, gacvliTi kursis

meryeobis, Tambaqos nawarmsa da alkoholur sasmelebze saaqcizo markebis SemoRebis

da energoresursebze fasebisa da tarifebis mniSvnelovani zrdis Sedegad,

samomxmareblo fasebSi mniSvnelovani cvlilebebi moxda. aRniSnuli periodis

ganmavlobaSi, inflacia 10,9 procents Seadgenda, xolo saSualo Tviuri inflaciis

done 0,85 procenti iyo. (ix. Tavi IV, sadac mocemulia informacia monetaruli

cvlilebisa da inflaciis Sesaxeb).

1999 wels fasebis mniSvnelovani mateba dafiqsirda ianvarSi (2,6 procenti),

Tebervalsa (5,0 procenti) da noemberSi (2,4 procenti). ianvar-TebervalSi fasebis

zrda gamowveuli iyo ZiriTadad xilsa da bostneulze fasebis sezonuri matebiT da

saaqcizo markebis dawesebis RonisZiebebiT, rasac Sedegad mohyva Tambaqos nawarmze

fasebis mateba. 1999 wlis ivnisSi energoresursebze fiqsirebuli tarifebis gaizarda

(45,3 procenti) da amitom noemberSi, energoresursebze da, Sesabamisad, satransporto

momsaxurebaze, fasebis mkveTri mateba moxda. gaizarda aseve is fasebic, romelsac

saxelmwifo akontrolebda. maisidan sacxovrebeli saxlebs gazis miwodeba

gauZvirdaT. es cvlilebebi gamoiwvia laris gaufasurebam da sawvavze sabaJo reJimis

Secvlam, rasac agreTve benzinze fasebis zrda mohyva Sedegad.

1999 wels, fasebis mkveTri zrda dafiqsirda Semdeg saqonelze: puris fqvilze

(37,3 procenti), importirebul filtrian sigaretze (30,2 procenti), Sebolil Tevzze

(29,8 procenti), lobioze (26,3 procenti), Txilze (22,7 procenti), navTze (2,2-jer),

dizelis sawvavze (2,1-jer), telefonis gadasaxadze (89,8 procenti), bunebrivi gazze

(75,9 procenti), benzinze (69,9 procenti) da sahaero transportze (37,1 procenti).

1999 wels, samrewvelo nawarmis mwarmoebelTa fasebis indeqsi, 1998 welTan

SedarebiT, 15,7 procentiT gaizarda. fasebis indeqss rac Seexeba, fasebSi Semdgomi

cvlilebebi moxda: daumuSavebeli navTobisa da gazis mopoveba - 97,5 procentiT,

qaRaldis warmoeba – 21,4 procentiT, qimiuri warmoeba – 22,9 procentiT, Savi

liTonis warmoeba – 22,9 procentiT da manqanaTmSenebloba – 38,1 procentiT. savaWro

barierebis gauqmebis zogadi politikis Tanaxmad, moxda sertifikatebis gacemaze

dawesebuli sxvadasxva tarifebis gadaxedva da adgilobrivi warmoebisa da

importul saqonelze dawesebuli tarifebis gaTanabreba.

mimdinare angariSimimdinare angariSimimdinare angariSimimdinare angariSi

statistikis saxelmwifo departamentis winaswari Sefasebebis mixedviT, 1999

wels sagareo vaWrobis (saqonlis) brunvam 1,192,9 milioni aSS dolari Seadgina, rac

1998 wlis maCveneblis daaxloebiT 92,1 procentia. eqsportma 329 milion aSS dolars



miaRwia, rac 1998 wlis maCvenebelTan SedarebiT 9,8 procentiT metia. wlis

ganmavlobaSi eqsportis wminda matebam 29 milioni aSS dolari Seadgina: wlis

pirvel naxevarSi 21 milioni aSS dolariT vardnis Semdeg, wlis Semdgom periodSi

eqsportis moculoba mkveTrad gaizarda 51 milioni aSS dolariT. eqsportis vardna

SeiZleba 1998 wlis bolos ruseTis finansur kriziss mivaweroT, xolo 1999 wlis

bolos dafiqsirebuli mateba imaze metyvelebs, rom saqarTveloSi adgilobrivi

valutis gaufasurebis Sedegad eqsportis zrdis SesaZleblobebi gaumjobesda.

importis moculobam 863 milioni aSS dolari Seadgina, rac 1998 wlis maCveneblis

86,8 procentia; Sesabamisad, balansi 131 milioni dolariT gaumjobesda. 1999

wlisaTvis saqarTvelos uaryofiTma savaWro balansma 533,8 milioni aSS dolari

Seadgina, rac 1,3-jer naklebia, vidre 1998 wels. wlis ganmavlobaSi savaWro balansis

aseTi gamosworeba ufro xelsayreli realuri gacvliTi kursis Sedegs warmoadgens.

cxrili 2.6: mimdinare angariSi, 1999 w. cxrili 2.6: mimdinare angariSi, 1999 w. cxrili 2.6: mimdinare angariSi, 1999 w. cxrili 2.6: mimdinare angariSi, 1999 w.

(aTasi aSS dolari)

1999 I kv. II kv. III kv. IV kv.

mimdinare angariSis balansi -195.108 -67.573 -55.718 -35.763 -36.055

saqoneli -533.867 -154.175 -142.578 -113.789 -123.325

krediti 329.564 52, 240 75.516 91.240 110.388

debeti -863.431 -206.415 -218.093 -205.210 -233.713

arafaqtoruli momsaxureoba -3.93 -1.315 5.728 -3.738 -4.605

krediti 216.767 46.558 63.268 51.258 55.683

debeti -220.696 -47.873 -57.54 -54.995 -60.288

faqtoruli momsaxureoba 146.93 30.616 32.025 38.598 45.690

krediti 211.403 42.625 45.28 58.985 64.514

debeti -64.473 -12.009 -13.255 -20.386 -18.823

mimdinare transferebi 195.758 57.3 49.107 43.166 46.186

krediti 228.781 63.334 56.249 50.865 58.333

momsaxureTa gzavnilebi 149.508 41.544 34.62 32.817 40.527

debeti -33.023 -6.034 -7.142 -7.700 -12.147

1998 wlis Sesabamisi periodis cvlilebebi

mimdinare angariSis balansi 80.508 27.454 2.484 32.375 18.195

saqoneli 160.689 22.390 19.073 80.060 39.167

krediti 29.601 -10.262 -11.43 14.854 36.439

debeti 131.087 32.651 30.503 65.205 2.727

arafaqtoruli momsaxureoba -23.744 14.668 -1.671 -19.466 -17.276

krediti -148.477 -22.831 -29.028 -49.437 -47.181

debeti 124.733 37.499 27.357 29.971 29.906

faqtoruli momsaxureoba -43.915 -13.403 -16.044 -9.486 -4.982

krediti -31.878 -19.275 -14.120 -1.665 3.183

debeti -12.037 5, 872 -1.924 -7.820 -8.165

mimdinare transferebi -12.522 3, 800 1.125 -18.733 1.287

krediti 8.72 6.833 5.392 -13.971 10.465

momsaxureTa gzavnilebi 12.235 3.865 1.070 -4.201 11.5

debeti -21.242 -3.034 -4.267 -4.762 -9.179 wyaro: statistikis saxelmwifo departamentiwyaro: statistikis saxelmwifo departamentiwyaro: statistikis saxelmwifo departamentiwyaro: statistikis saxelmwifo departamenti

momsaxurebis angariSis kleba SeiZleba aixsnas turizmidan Semosavlebis

mkveTri vardniT. am vardnis mizezi am ramodenime xnis win turizmis seqtoris

kvlevaze dafuZnebuli gaumjobesebuli statistikuri meTodia. amitom, zegavlenis



mqone ZiriTadi ekonomikuri faqtorebis Sesaxeb raime saboloo daskvnebi ar

SeiZleba arsebobdes.

rac Seexeba mimdinare angariSis sxva komponentebs, mkveTri cvlileba moxda

faqtoruli momsaxurebisa da mimdinare gadaricxvebis angariSebis Semcirebis mxriv.

pirveli angariSi Seicavs sazRvargareT mokle vadiT dasaqmebul muSakTa

repatrirebul anazRaurebas, xolo meore - xangrZlivi vadiT dasaqmebul muSakTa

gadaricxvebs. am ekonomikur emigrantTa did nawils ruseTSi momuSave qarTvelebi

warmoadgens, romelTa finansuri mdgomareoba seriozulad gauaresda ruseTis

fiskaluri krizisis gamo.

sagareo valisagareo valisagareo valisagareo vali

finansTa saministros Tanaxmad, 1999 wlis 31 dekembris mdgomareobiT,

kontraqtiT miRebuli kreditis saerTo odenobam 2,040,08 milioni aSS dolari

Seadgina, xolo dafaruli kreditebis odenobam – 1,750,74 milioni aSS dolari.

arsebuli davalianeba Zalzed maRalia da valis momsaxurebis gadasaxadebi kvlavac

mniSvnelovnad moqmedebs saqarTvelos Semosavlebze ucxour valutaSi. sagareo vali,

1999 dekembris bolos mdgomareobiT, warmodgenilia momdevno cxrilSi 2.4.

1999 wlis dasawyisidan 2000 wlis 22 martamde, daxarjuli ucxouri

kreditebis odenobam 116,29 milioni aSS dolari Seadgina. maTi danawileba

Semdegnairad moxda:

• 59,09 milioni aSS dolari - msoflio bankis krediti, romelmac 1999 wlis

ganmavlobaSi mTliani dafaruli kreditis 50,82 procenti Seadgina.

• 45,37 milioni aSS dolari – ssf-s krediti, romelmac 1999 wlis ganmavlobaSi

mTliani dafaruli kreditis 39,02 procenti Seadgina.

• 7,14 milioni aSS dolari – KfW-s krediti, romelmac 1999 wlis ganmavlobaSi

mTliani dafaruli kreditis 39,02 procenti Seadgina.

• 8,93 milioni aSS dolari – saxelmwifos garantiiT uzrunvelyofili kreditebi,

romelmac 1999 wlis ganmavlobaSi mTliani dafaruli kreditis 39,02 procenti

Seadgina.



cxrili 2.7: sagareo valis maCveneblebi, 2000 wlis 1 ianvris mdgomareobiTcxrili 2.7: sagareo valis maCveneblebi, 2000 wlis 1 ianvris mdgomareobiTcxrili 2.7: sagareo valis maCveneblebi, 2000 wlis 1 ianvris mdgomareobiTcxrili 2.7: sagareo valis maCveneblebi, 2000 wlis 1 ianvris mdgomareobiT

(milioni, aSS dolari)

kreditorikreditorikreditorikreditori SeTanxmebuli SeTanxmebuli SeTanxmebuli SeTanxmebuli aTvisebuliaTvisebuli aTvisebuliaTvisebuli kapitalurikapitalurikapitalurikapitaluri procentuliprocentuliprocentuliprocentuli sagareosagareosagareosagareo

gadasaxadebigadasaxadebigadasaxadebigadasaxadebi gadasaxadebigadasaxadebigadasaxadebigadasaxadebi valis naSTivalis naSTivalis naSTivalis naSTi

somxeTisomxeTisomxeTisomxeTi 19.593 19.593 3.157 19.593azerbaijaniazerbaijaniazerbaijaniazerbaijani 16.189 16.189 1.943 16.189yazaxeTiyazaxeTiyazaxeTiyazaxeTi 27.774 27.774 4.509 27.774ruseTiruseTiruseTiruseTi 179.266 179.266 21.512 179.266Turqmen eTiTurqmen eTiTurqmen eTiTurqmen eTi 393.567 393.567 44.678 80.241 348.889ukrainaukrainaukrainaukraina 0.915 0.915 0.183 0.915uzbekeTiuzbekeTiuzbekeTiuzbekeTi 1.002 1.002 0.163 1.002avstriaavstriaavstriaavstria 83.220 83.220 4.848 10.508 78.373Cin eTiCin eTiCin eTiCin eTi 3.407 3.407 0.430 0.258 2.977germaniagermaniagermaniagermania 59.338 59.338 0.032 4.763iraniiraniiraniirani 12.826 12.826 1.692 12.826i aponiai aponiai aponiai aponia 52.147TurqeTiTurqeTiTurqeTiTurqeTi 54.338 54.338 3.716 54.338aSSaSSaSSaSS 35.000 34.663 0.299 34.663IFAD 6.451 2.241 0.015 2.241IMF 342.784 356.457 22.388 24.114 334.069WB 494.378 357.877 5.301 357.877EU 110.770 110.770 11.021 4.169 99.749EBRD 99.850 38.179 5.062 7.895 33.117sulsulsulsul 2,040. 0782,040. 0782,040. 0782,040. 078 1,750,7401,750,7401,750,7401,750,740 88. 42888. 42888. 42888. 428 170. 613170. 613170. 613170. 613 1,662. 3 121,662. 3 121,662. 3 121,662. 3 12

wyaro: finansTa saministrowyaro: finansTa saministrowyaro: finansTa saministrowyaro: finansTa saministro

1999 wlis manZilze mTliani daxarjuli kreditebis arsebiTi nawili

saqarTvelos finansuri seqtoris stabilizacias moxmarda. ucxouri kreditebis

gamoyeneba erovnuli valutis gamyarebis procesSi mniSvnelovan rols TamaSobs. 1999

wels, am miznebisTvis 45,37 milioni aSS dolaria miRebuli.

1999 wlis ganmavlobaSi daxarjuli kreditebis ganawildeba seqtorebis

mixedviT Semdeg suraTs warmoadgens:

• energoseqtori – 28,68 milioni aSS dolari

• soflis meurneoba – 4,08 milioni aSS dolari

• sabanko seqtoris ganviTareba – 1,35 milioni aSS dolari

niSandoblivia, rom 1999 wels saqarTvelos mier kontraqtiT aRebuli yvela

krediti grZelvadian da SeRavaTian kredits warmoadgens.

ZiriTadi seqtorebiZiriTadi seqtorebiZiriTadi seqtorebiZiriTadi seqtorebi

soflis meurneoba soflis meurneoba soflis meurneoba soflis meurneoba

soflis meurneobisa da sursaTis saministrosTvis sabiujeto asignebebis

gamoyofis sakiTxi kvlav seriozul problemad rCeba. 2000 wlis 1 kvartalSi

gamoyofili iqna gegmiuris mxolod 8.3 procenti. saqarTvelos 2000 wlis saxelmwifo

biujetis Tanaxmad soflis meurneobisa da sursaTis saministros saWiroebebisaTvis

dagegmilia 18.5 milioni laris gamoyofa, saidanac 15.4 milioni lari (mTeli Tanxis

84 procenti) gamagrebulia evrokomisiis sasursaTo uzrunvelyofis programis

farglebSi. 1998-1999 wlebSi evrokomisiam ukve ganaxorciela agraruli seqtoris



sabiujeto gamagreba 21.3 milioni laris (10 milioni evros) moculobiT: saidanac 2

milioni lari finansTa saministros mier warimarTa sxva miznebze. 1997 wlis

sasursaTo uzrunvelyofis programiT gaTvaliswinebuli saxsrebis aTvisebis mizniT

evrokomisia moiTxovs finansTa saministrodan soflis meurneobis seqtorisaTvis am

saxsrebis aRdgenasa da damatebiT 6 milioni evros eqvivalenturi Tanxis gamoyofas

larebSi.

iaponia seriozul daxmarebas uwevs saqarTvelos agraruli seqtoris

reabilitaciisa da ganviTarebis sferoSi. 2KR programis farglebSi iaponiis

mTavrobam gamouyo saqarTvelos grantebi sasoflo-sameurneo teqnikis Sesyidvebis

mizniT. marTlac 1998-1999 wlebSi qveyanaSi Semovida finuri, inglisuri, rusuli

warmoebis 43 kombaini da 42 traqtori. mimdinare wlis Tebervalsa da martSi 2KR programis farglebSi saqarTveloSi Semovida 30 germanuli warmoebisa da 9 iaponuri

warmoebis kombaini. maTi gadacema sasoflo-sameurneo warmoebiT dakavebul pirebsa

da sawarmoebze moxda ganvadebis wesiT. 1999 wels iaponiis mTavrobam gamohyo

arasaproeqto granti 300 milioni ienis odenobiT (daaxloebiT 5.5 milioni lari).

saqarTvelos prezidentis 1999 wlis 12 aprilis NN-134 brZanebulebiT es saxsrebi

warimarTa meCaieobis dargis reabilitaciisaTvis. qarTuli mxaris moTxovnebis

Sesabamisad SeirCa im saqonlis siac (sasuqebi, sawvavi, manqana-danadgarebi da sxva.),

romelic grantis farglebSi iqneba Semotanili. maT Sesyidvas axorcielebda

britanuli kompania "qraun eijentsi".

Txilis eqsporti sul ufro metad iqcevs yuradRebas, rogorc qveynis sagareo

vaWrobis erT-erTi yvelaze swrafad mzardi mimarTuleba. Txilis eqsporti bolo

xuTi wlis ganmavlobaSi (1995-1999 wlebSi) gaizarda 0.87 milioni dolaridan 15.3

milion dolaramde da gadaaWarba 1999 wels iseT tradiciul saeqsporto saqonlis

eqsports rogoricaa Cais nawarmi da Rvino (ix. naxati 2.1).

qarTuli Txilis ZiriTadi momxmareblebi arian evrokavSirisa da dsT-s

qveynebi. Txilis kultura advilad egueba saqarTvelos niadagur-klimatur pirobebs,

rac karg pirobebs qmnis am dargis ganviTarebisaTvis. marTlac bolo wlebis

ganmavlobaSi saqarTveloSi Txilis plantaciebi gaSenda 2 aTasi heqtaris farTobze,

xolo mosavalma 1999 wels Seadgina 16.5 aTasi tona1.

dargis ganviTarebis xelSewyobis mizniT SemuSavda saxelmwifo programa

"Txili", romelic gulisxmobs 10 wlis ganmavlobaSi Txilis plantaciebis 50 aTas

heqtarze gaSenebas da am farTobebze 100 aTasi tona Txilis mosavlis aRebas.

programis ganxorcieleba moiTxovs msxvil investiciebs, 2000 wels gansazRvrulia

biujetidan 102 aTasi laris gamoyofa sanerge meurneobebis mosawyobad.

1 statistikis saxelmwifo departamentis monacemi.



naxati 2.1 saqarTvelos ZiriTadi saeqsporto sasursaTo produqtebi 1997naxati 2.1 saqarTvelos ZiriTadi saeqsporto sasursaTo produqtebi 1997naxati 2.1 saqarTvelos ZiriTadi saeqsporto sasursaTo produqtebi 1997naxati 2.1 saqarTvelos ZiriTadi saeqsporto sasursaTo produqtebi 1997----1999 wlebSi1999 wlebSi1999 wlebSi1999 wlebSi

(milioni aSS dolari)

wyaro: statistikis saxelmwifo departamentis monacemebi

CanarTi 2.2CanarTi 2.2CanarTi 2.2CanarTi 2.2

Txilis eqsporti: TurqeTis magaliTiTxilis eqsporti: TurqeTis magaliTiTxilis eqsporti: TurqeTis magaliTiTxilis eqsporti: TurqeTis magaliTi

TurqeTi warmoadgens msoflioSi Txilis umsxviles mwarmoebels (daaxloebiT 75 procenti

Txilis msoflio warmoebis) da udidess eqsportiors. TurqeTSi Txili gaSenebulia

daaxloebiT 550-600 aTas heqtar faqtorze. 1980 wels Txili TurqeTidan gadioda 32 qveyanaSi,

xolo amJamad ki Txili da misi gadamuSavebis produqtebi miewodeba 83 qveyanas. eqsportis

didi nawili miemarTeba evrokavSiris qveynebisaken. germania, safrangeTi, didi britaneTi,

beniluqsi, Sveicaria da avstria arian Turquli Txilis ZiriTadi importiorebi. amJamad

Txili ZiriTadad moixmareba (daaxloebiT 75-80 procenti) Sokoladis warmoebaSi nedleulis

saxiT. TurqeTis mTavroba seriozul finansur mxardaWeras uwevs TxiliT movaWreTa

kooperativTa kavSirs adgilobrivi mosavlis didi nawilis Sesyidvis procesSi, Tumca es

iwvevs warmoebis zedmetad gafarToebasa da saboloo produqciis msxvili rezervebis

dagrovebas. mzardi warmoebis saregulireblad, TurqeTSi moqmedebs specialuri kanoni,

romelic gaTvlilia Txilis warmoebas dagegmvisaTvis, kerZod Txilis axali plantaciebis

gaSeneba moiTxovs oficialur nebarTvas.

Txilis eqsporti TurqeTidan

weli raodenoba, moculoba Rirebuleba

(aTasi tona) (mln. Dlari)

1986 136.8 438.41988 138.6 457.21990 195.6 550.91992 173.2 447.71994 186.5 711.21995 241.3 767.91996 198.4 613.21997 202.9 925.61998 201.8 866.21999 193 720.9

wyaro: aSS sasoflo-sameurneo departamenti,

Savi zRvis Txilis eqsportiorTa kavSiri.

02468

10121416

1997 1998 1999

Txili Rvino Cais nawarmi



mrewvelobamrewvelobamrewvelobamrewveloba

navTobinavTobinavTobinavTobi

amerikulma navTobkompania ANADARCO-m, seriozuli interesi gamoiCina

saqarTvelos Savi zRvis Selfze mdebare gazisa da navTobis sabadoebisadmi da

wamoiwyo molaparakebebi erToblivi sawarmos Seqmnis Taobaze saqarTvelos

saxelmwifo navTobkompania “saqnavTobTan” erTad. ANADARCO apirebs Selfze saZiebo

samuSaoebis dawyebas mimdinare wels. erTi wlis win, “saqnavTobi” msgavs

molaparakebebs awarmoebda sxva amerikul kompaniasTan - ARCO International OIL&GAS Company-sTan, magram navTobze msoflio fasebis dacemis gamo, kompaniis

xelmZRvanelobam saqarTvelos mxares kontraqtis gaformebis gadadeba sTxova.

1999 wlis martSi, saxelmwifo kancelariaSi gaimarTa Sexvedra amerikuli

kompaniebis xelmZRvanelebsa da qarTuli navTobkompaniebis warmomadgenlebs Soris,

sadac xeli moewera memorandums saqarTvelos Savi zRvis wylebis kontinentaluri

Selfis teritoriidan mopovebuli produqtebis wilTa ganawilebis Sesaxeb.

dokuments xeli moaweres ANADARCO-s vice-prezidentma, SezRuduli

pasuxismgeblobis kompania JKX-s direqtorma, saaqcio kompania GEORGOIL-s generalurma direqtorma da navTobisa da gazis resursebis marTvis saxelmwifo

saagentos ufrosma. Sexvedraze dadginda, rom navTobis rezervebi Savi zRvis Selfis

im nawilSi, romelic saqarTvelos emijneba, winaswari gaangariSebiT, 200 tonamde

Seadgens. es qveynis teritoriaze arsebuli naxSirbadis nedleulis rezervTa

savaraudo moculobis daaxloebiT erTi mesamedia.

Savi zRvis Selfis bunebrivi airis moculoba jer-jerobiT ar aris

Sefasebuli. Selfis eqspluatacia SesaZlebels gaxdis navTob produqciis

moculobebis gazrdas, Tumca, am miznis misaRwevad mravalmilioniani investiciebi

iqneba saWiro.

warmoebawarmoebawarmoebawarmoeba

1999 wlis seqtembridan, warmoebuli produqciis moculoba daeca, kerZod,

samTo-mompovebel warmoebaSi – 13 procentiT, gadamamuSavebel warmoebaSi – 8,6

procentiT da eleqtroenergiis, gazisa da wylis miwodebaSi – 5,3 procentiT.

mrewvelobis saministros Tanaxmad, 1999 wlis ganmavlobaSi, mTliani sawarmoo

moculobis Rirebuleba gaizarda 7,4 procentiT, xolo mTliani samrewvelo

damatebuli Rirebuleba – 5,7 procentiT. 1999 wels samrewvelo saministros

daqvemdebarebaSi myofi kompaniebis Senatanebma biujetSi 20,5 milioni lari Seadgina,

rac 1998 welTan SedarebiT, orjer metia. am kompaniebis eqsportma TavianTi mTliani

produqciis 48 procentamde Seadgina, rac agreTve daaxloebiT orjer metia, vidre

gasul wels.

saqarTveloSi warmoeba, romelic wlebis ganmavlobaSi vardnas ganicdida,

rogorc Cans, dRes aRmavlobis gzazea. qveynis mrewvelobaSi yvelaze mniSvnelovan



tendenciad gamoikveTa zogierTi ZiriTadi samrewvelo kompaniis zrda, romelTa

gadarCenis perspeqtivebi wlebis manZilze seriozul problemas warmoadgenda.

aseTi kompaniebis Soris SeiZleba davasaxeloT saaqcio kompania “rusTavis

metalurgiuli qarxana”, saaqcio kompania “Tbilisis saxelmwifo saaviacio

asociacia”, saaqcio kompania “maudi”, saaqcio kompania “azoti”, quTaisis avtoqarxana,

baTumis gemTmSeni qarxana, saaqcio kompania “rusTavcementi”, saaqcio kompania “fero”,

saaqcio kompania “isani-qarTu” da sxva.

aRsaniSnavia, rom qarTuli manqanaTmSeneblobis sawarmoebi aqtiurobas iCenen

da ganviTarebis axal SesaZleblobebs eZeben (magaliTad, Tanamedrove teqnologiiT

axali produqciis aTviseba). Tbilisis saxelmwifo saaviacio asociaciam, am

ramodenime xnis win, Seqmna pirveli qarTuli warmoebis kombaini, romelic 4-jer

ufro iafia, vidre analogiuri ucxouri warmoebis kombainebi da, agreTve,

oTxRerZiani eleqtro-lokomotivi. es momavalSi manqanaTmSeneblobis ganviTarebis

sasikeTo niSania.

eleqtroenergiaeleqtroenergiaeleqtroenergiaeleqtroenergia

1999 wlis meore naxevarSi, eleqtroenergiiT momarageba mkveTrad Semcirda. es

vardna, saarCevno kampaniis dros eleqtroenergiis resursebis dauzogavi moxmarebiT

SeiZleba iyos ganpirobebuli. eleqtroenergiis sabiTumo bazris monacemTa mixedviT,

1999 wlis meore naxevarSi, eleqtroenergiis adgilobrivi warmoeba 3,363,5 milion kvt

Seadgenda. 1998 wlis Sesabamis periodTan SedarebiT, eleqtroenergiis warmoeba 25

procentiT daeca. mdgomareoba gauaresda gardabanSi sawvavis miwodebasTan

dakavSirebuli sirTuleebis gamo: zamTris periodSi, es raioni eleqtroenergiis

mTavar wyaros warmoadgens. mocemul periodSi eleqtroenergiis safasurma 168,5

milioni lari Seadgina maSin, roca realurad, moxmarebuli eleqtroenergiisTvis

Segrovili gadasaxedebis odenobam 65,6 milioni lari Seadgina. gadasaxadebis

Segrovebis donem mxolod 39 procents miaRwia.

arsebobs ramodenime problema, romelic aferxebs eleqtroenergiis seqtoris

stabilur muSaobas. erT aseT dabrkolebas teqnikuri problema warmoadgens.

eleqtroenergiis ganawilebis sistemis susti teqnikuri SesaZleblobebis gamo,

individualurad eleqtroenergiis miwodebis Sewyveta calkeuli momxmareblisaTvis

SeuZlebelia. sistemas agreTve ar SeuZlia miwodebis SezRudva. aRWurviloba

moZvelebulia da saWiroebs SekeTebas da eleqtrokabelis Secvlas. aqedan

gamomdinare, eleqtroenergiis gadacemis teqnikuri danakargebi Zalze maRalia - 30

procentamde.

eleqtroenergiis gadasaxadi, mosaxleobis ramodenime kategoriisTvis

(pensionerebisTvis, iZulebiT gadaadgilebuli pirebisTvis, sabiujeto organizaciis

muSakTaTvis), pirdapir biujetidan iricxeba. es kategoriebi garkveuli odenobis

eleqtroenergiis safasurs ixdian xelfasis miRebamde. aseT SemTxvevaSi,

eleqtroenergiis garkveuli odenoba unda gadaeces elqtroenergiis gamanawilebel

kompaniebs. vinaidan, rTulia imis daregulireba, Tu ra odenobiT unda moxdes

eleqtroenergiis miwodeba da SeuZlebelia calkeuli ara-gadamxdeli



momxmareblisTvis eleqtroenergiis gaTiSva - aseTi viTareba finansur danakargebs

warmoSobs.

regionebis mixedviT eleqtroenergiis araTanabari ganawileba socialuri

xasiaTis problemebs qmnis da Sesabamisad, adgilobrivi administraciuli organoebi

politikur zewolas axdenen seqtorze. arsebobs adamianTa sxvadasxva jgufebi,

romlebic garkveuli interesebidan gamomdinare, agreTve iyeneben politikur

zewolas msxvili samrewvelo sawarmoebisaTvis eleqtroenergiis miwodebis gazrdis

mizniT. yvela es faqtori, korufciasTan erTad, xels uSlis eleqtroenergiis

seqtoris stabilur muSaobas.

varaudoben, rom am seqtoris eleqtroenergiis generaciisa da ganawilebis

obieqtebis privatizacia gamoasworebs saerTo mdgomareobas. Tumca, gaizrdeba

eleqtroenergiis pirdapiri gayidvis albaToba (ara eleqtroenergiis sabiTumo

bazris meSveobiT). SeiZleba eleqtroenergiis generaciis kompaniebma eleqtroenergia

distributor kompaniebs ufro dabal fasebSi mihyidon, vidre eleqtroenergiis

sabiTumo bazris meSveobiT. am SemTxvevaSi Semcirdeba saxelmwifo Semosavlebi,

romlebic unda moxmardes eleqtroenergiis seqtoris im nawilis reabilitacias,

romelic saxelmwifos ekuTvnis.

msubuqi mrewvelobamsubuqi mrewvelobamsubuqi mrewvelobamsubuqi mrewveloba mrewvelobis saministros Tanaxmad, 1999 wels msubuqi mrewvelobis warmoebam 10,1 milion lars miaRwia, rac 12,8 procentiT metia, vidre 1998 wels. am seqtoris 88 sawarmodan mxolod 54 sawarmo muSaobda. aRniSnuli periodis ganmavlobaSi, produqciis realizaciaSi mkveTri vardnis Sedegad, msubuqi mrewvelobis warmoebis zrdis tempi garkveulwilad Senelda. garda amisa, imis gamo rom ucxouri kompaniebis mxridan SekveTebis moculoba mkveTrad Semcirda, gaCerda ramodenime aqtiuri sawarmo: saaqcio sazogadoeba "kolxeTi", saaqcio sazogadoeba "amiran-sinTezi" da sxva sawarmoebi, romlebic saqarTvelos msubuqi mrewvelobis mniSvnelovan rezervebad SeiZleba CaiTvalos. amasTan, 1999 wels msubuqi mrewvelobis saqonlis Sesyidvaze gamarTul tenderSi monawileoba ar miiRo Tavdacvis saministrom, romelic wina wlebSi am seqtoris produqciis mTavari momxmarebeli iyo.

mrewvelobis saministros iniciativiT, gaCerebul sawarmoTa daxmarebis mizniT dawyebulia specialuri programis gatareba; kerZod aseTi sawarmoebia: saaqcio sazogadoeba "egrisi", saaqcio sazogadoeba "feiqari-95", saaqcio sazogadoeba "krwanisi", saaqcio sazogadoeba "nadikvari" da sxvebi. agreTve dawyebuli sareabilitacio programis ganxorcielebac. imisaTvis, raTa es programa uaxloes momavalSi dasruldes, sakmarisia mcireodeni pirdapiri ucxouri investiciebis mozidva.

metalurgia da samTometalurgia da samTometalurgia da samTometalurgia da samTo----mompovebeli warmoebamompovebeli warmoebamompovebeli warmoebamompovebeli warmoeba 1999 wels, saqarTvelos mTliani metalurgiuli warmoebis moculobis ZiriTadi nawili kvlavac saaqcio sazogadoeba "feros" wilad modioda. gasul wels saaqcio sazogadoeba "ferom", romelic adre manganums sawarmo "gabon-sgan" yidulobda, axla SesyidvebisTvis mimarTa WiaTur-manganumis gadamamuSavebel sawarmos, riTac saaqcio sazogadoeba "WiaTur-manganums" misi saqmianobis ganaxlebis saSualeba misca. magram, unda aRiniSnos, rom saaqcio sazogadoeba "fero" 1999 wlis



oqtombridan gaCerebulia eleqtroenergiis miwodebis Sewyvetis gamo. kompaniis warmoeba am periodis ganmavlobaSi daeca da 34,4 milioni lari Seadgina, rac 1998 wlis maCveneblis daaxloebiT 79,5 procentia. kompaniis xelmZRvanelobis Tanaxmad, 2000 wels, sawarmos erT-erT mTavar problemad rCeba eleqtroenergiis miwodebis Taobaze SeTanxmebis miRweva da adgilobrivi xelisuflebis mxridan garantiebis miReba. 1999 wlis 31 oqtombridan, saaqcio sazogadoeba "rusTavis metalurgiuli qarxanam" mTavrobis daxmarebiT moaxerxa gazis miwodebis problemis mogvareba da muSaoba daiwyo. am periodis ganmavlobaSi, sawarmos warmoebam 2,2 milioni lari Seadgina amasTan, sawarmos xelmZRvanelobam garkveul proeqtebTan dakavSirebiT axal investorebTan daiwyo TanamSromloba, kerZod ki, ukrainis kompania "energokompleqsTan" da rusul-Svedur kompania "Atek_Tan". garda amisa, azerbaijanis SekveTis droulad Sesrulebis mizniT, gaformda xelSekruleba ucxour sawarmo "Newkatl-Tan", romelic iRebs valdebulebas daafinansos proeqti kontraqtis SesrulebisaTvis.

infrastruqturainfrastruqturainfrastruqturainfrastruqtura GIOC-is informaciis Tanaxmad, delegaciebma saqarTvelodan, azerbaijanidan, aSS-dan da TurqeTidan monawileoba miiRes stambulSi gamarTul molaparakebebSi. saqarTvelos delegaciaSi Sediodnen qarTveli da amerikeli eqspertebi da aseve navTobkompania BP-Amoco-s warmomadgenlebi (kompania BP-Amoco navTobsadeni milis mSeneblobaSi potenciuri investoria). Sexvedraze Seadgines dokumentebis paketi - teritoriis mflobeli qveynis SeTanxmeba. saqarTvelos mTavrobasa (vinaidan, saqarTvelo tranzituli qveyanaa) da potenciur investorebs Soris. mimdinare wlis aprilSi, dokumentebi wardgeba saqarTvelos parlamentis winaSe ratifikaciisaTvis. es SeTanxmeba baqo-Tbilisi-jeihanis mTavari saeqsporto milsadenis proeqtis ganviTarebis pirveli etapi dasrulebaze miuTiTebs. potenciur investorTa pirveli jgufi Camoyalibdeba sami monawile qveynis parlamentebis mier am SeTanxmebebis ratifikaciis Semdeg. stambulSi gamarTuli molaparakebebis dros saqarTvelos mxaris mier wardgenili pirobebis Taobaze partniorebma TiTqmis erTsulovani Tanxmoba gamoxates. SeTanxmebis saboloo versia saqarTvelos Semdgom moTxovnebs moicavs: garemos dacva; saqarTvelos kompaniebisa da samuSao Zalis monawileoba navTobsadenis mSeneblobasa da muSaobaSi; saqarTveloSi arsebuli an warmoebuli saSenmasalis gamoyeneba. agreTve ganisazRvra saqarTvelos materialuri da finansuri pasuxismgebloba navTobsadenis mSeneblobisa da muSaobis periodSi. saqarTvelom ufasod unda uzrunvelyos arasasoflo-sameurneo sargeblobis saxelmwifo sakuTrebaSi arsebuli miwis nakveTi. proeqtisTvis sasoflo-sameurneo miwis gadacema moxdeba mas Semdeg, rodesac investorebi gadaixdian saqarTvelos miwis kadastriT gaTvaliswinebul kompensacias. rac Seexeba saqarTvelos pasuxismgeblobas, unda aRiniSnos, rom dRes-dReobiT mas mSeneblobis usafrTxoebasTan da milsadenis Seuferxebeli muSaobis uzrunvelyofasTan dakavSirebiT Tavisi valdebulebebis Sesasruleblad sakmarisi finansuri resursebi ar gaaCnia. finansuri valdebulebebi Camoyalibdeba Semdgom etapze, rodesac ucxouri investorebis da finansuri organizaciebis monawileobiT moxdeba proeqtis detaluri Sefaseba. navTobsadenis usafrTxoebis uzrunvelyofisa da misi Tanamedrove teqnikiT aRWurvis mizniT, saqarTvelos personalis momzadebaSi daexmarebian TurqeTi, aSS da proeqtis swraf ganxorcielebaSi dainteresebuli sxva qveynebi. saqarTvelosTvis tranzitis gadasaxadis gadaxdis sakiTxi ufro zustad gadawydeba mimdinare wlis mart-aprilSi.



gazis miwodebagazis miwodebagazis miwodebagazis miwodeba

1999 wels saqarTveloSi gazis moxmareba 0,9 miliard kb Seadgenda. rac 1989-

1999 wlebSi gazis moxmarebis sul 15 procentia. 1998 wels dafuZnda kerZo saaqcio

kompania “saqgazi”. masSi Sedis ramodenime gazis gamanawilebeli kompania, romelic

saqarTvelos sxvadasxva regionSi mdebareobs. gasul wels igi bazarze bunebrivi

airis yvelaze msxvili eqsportiori gaxda.

saqgazi sTavazobs mis partniorebs moxmarebuli energoresursebis safasuris

gadaxdis sxvadasxva finansur da sasaqonlo sqemebs. saqgazis klientebi iseTi

msxvili sawarmoebi arian, rogorc Tbilsresi, rusTavis metalurgiuli qarxana da

quTaisis manqanaTmSeneblobis qarxana. 1999 wels, saqgazi saxelmwifo biujetSi

gadasaxadebis 5 yvelaze msxvil gadamxdelTa ricxvSi Sedioda. kompaniis erT-erT

umTavres saqmianobas warmoadgens axali gazsadenis daproeqteba da mSenebloba.

Sesabamisi infrastruqturis ganviTareba mimdinareobs quTaisSi, gorSi, kaspSi,

bolnissa da TeTriwyaroSi. saqgazi agreTve Tbilisis “Tboeleqtrocentris” (Tec-s)

aqciaTa mTavari paketis mflobelia. am sadguris reabilitacia dagegmilia 2000

wlisaTvis: misi mwarmoebloba 100-120 megavatiT gaizrdeba.

rkinigzis transportirkinigzis transportirkinigzis transportirkinigzis transporti

dekembris bolos foTSi gaixsneba sarkinigzo qselis specialuri seqtori,

rolzec matareblebs SeuZliaT gaCerebis gareSe gadavidnen farTo sabWoTa tipis

xazidan viwro evropul xazze da piriqiT. saWiro aRWurviloba uzrunvelyo

espanurma kompania “Talgo-m”, romelsac msgavsi nagebobebis mSeneblobaSi 30 wlis

gamocdileba gaaCnia. es kompania uzrunvelyobs saqarTvelos mxares specialuri

meqanizmiT aRWurvil matareblebs, romelsac borblebis TiToeul wyvils Soris

manZilis Secvla SeuZlia. es matareblebi ramodenime Tvis ganmavlobaSi gaivlian

Semowmebas samxreT kavkasiis rkinigzaze, ZiriTadad foTi-baqos mimarTulebiT.

Semowmebis dasrulebisTanave, saqarTvelos mxarem unda miiRos gadawyvetileba am

tipis matareblebis ufro farTomasStabian gamoyenebisa da maTTvis axali

terminalis mSeneblobis Taobaze.

es axali sistema gansakuTrebiT efeqturia rodesac matareblebma evropa-

kavkasia-aziis rkinigzaze orive mimarTulebiT unda imoZraon. Tumca, eqspeditorebis

mier kompania “Talgo-s” matareblebis sxva mTavar xazebze gamoyenebis saSiSroeba

arsebobs. axali sistema kaspiis regionidan pirdapir evropis bazrebze navTobis

cisternebSi gadatanis saSualebas iZleva.

kavSirgabmulobkavSirgabmulobkavSirgabmulobkavSirgabmulobaaaa

fostisa da kavSirgabmulobis saministros Tanaxmad, Savi zRvis vaWrobisa da

ganviTarebis banki apirebs foTi-varnas Soris optikur-boWkovani wyalqveSa sakabelo

xazis gayvanis proeqtis ganxorcielebas (FOSCR-s proeqti). FOSCR-s mSenebloba,

romlis sigrZe daaxloebiT 1,200 km-s, xolo siRrme 1,000-mde metrs Seadgens, SeiZleba

samxreT kavkasiisa da evropis integraciis ZiriTad faqtorad ganvixiloT.



politikuri da strategiuli TvalsazrisiT, foTi-varna FOSCR-s proeqts

alternativa ar gaaCnia da es xazi saqarTvelos sagareo ekonomikuri

ganviTarebisTvis metad mniSvnelovani unda gaxdes. es, foTidan CrdiloeTis

mimarTulebiT aziisa da evropis (TAE) da foTi-rizes marSrutebis yvelaze

mniSvnelovani kavSiri iqneba.

gasaTvaliswinebelia isic, rom foTi-varnas FOSCR-s proeqti foTSi SeiZleba

TAE-s CrdiloeT proeqtTan SeerTdes romelic, soWi-novorosiiskis gavliT,

moskovis, odesisa da kievis mimarTulebiT gadis. aseve is SeiZleba SeuerTdes foTi-

rizes FOSCR-s proeqts, romelic ankarasa da rizes mimarTulebiT gadis. FOSCR-i bulgareTsa da saqarTvelos Soris pirdapiri xidi iqneba. bulgareTidan es xazi

daakavSirebs evropis qveynebs, saqarTvelodan, azerbaijanis gavliT, igi daakavSirebs

Sua aziis qveynebs, xolo somxeTis gavliT – iransa da aRmosavleTi aziis qveynebs.

ekonomikuri TvalsazrisiT, FOSCR-i TRACECA-sa da axali abreSumis gzis

satransporto koridoris proeqtebis erT-erT mTavar kavSirs warmoadgens. amasTan,

foTi-varna FOSCR-s proeqtis erT-erTi ZiriTadi upiratesobaa misi strategiuli

mniSvneloba, romelic im faqtidan gamomdinareobs, rom es xazi arc erTi qveynis

teritoriaze ar gaivlis da igi evropasa da samxreT kavkasias Soris umoklesi

kavSiri iqneba.

turizmiturizmiturizmiturizmi bolo periodSi, mniSvnelovani winsvla aRiniSna saqarTvelos turizmis

seqtoris ganviTarebaSi. saaqcio kompania “hotel Tbilisma” gaakeTa gancxadeba

Marriott Hotels Interneitional-Tan kontraqtis gaformebis Sesaxeb. am kontraqtiT, mas

marTvaSi gadaecema ori sastumro: Marriott Tbilisi (yofili sastumro “Tbilisi”,

rusTaveli gamziri #13) da Courtyard by Marriott (Tavisuflebis moedani #4). Marriott Tbilisi gaxdeba luqsis tipis, msoflio klasis, klasikuri dizainis sastumro.

sastumro Courtyard by Marriott iqneba wamyvani turistuli da biznes sastumro, sruli

momsaxurebiTa da xelmisawvdomi tarifebiT, sadac “A-klasis” ornaxevari sarTuli

saofise farTs daeTmoba.

am sastumroebis sruli mflobelia saqarTvelo-amerikis saaqcio kompania

“hotel Tbilisi” romlis aqciaTa mTavari mflobelia Bob Walsh Enterprises International. sastumro Marriot Tbilisi-s generalur kontraqtorad gamocxadda gamocdili

Sotlandiuri samSeneblo kompania Morrison International Constructions. mSenebloba

dawyebulia da sastumro Marriott Tbilisi-is oficialuri gaxsna dagegmilia 2001 wlis

martSi. male daiwyeba sastumro Courtyard by Marriot-is mSenebloba, romlis dasruleba

dagegmilia 2001 wlis ivnisSi. am proeqtebis Rirebuleba 50 milion aSS dolars

Seadgens da turizmis infrastruqturis ganviTarebaSi erT-erT yvelaze msxvil

pirdapir ucxour investicias warmoadgens. am sastumroebis mSeneblobis periodSi,

saxelmwifo biujetSi Seva 4 milion aSS dolarze meti, xolo sastumros gaxsnis

Semdeg - 2 milion aSS dolarze meti, yovelwliurad. garda amisa, am proeqtebis

ganxorcielebis Sedegad, saqarTveloSi sakmaod bevri axali samuSao adgilebic

Seiqmneba.



investiciebiinvesticiebiinvesticiebiinvesticiebi

2000 wlis 1 ianvrisTvis saqarTveloSi dafuZnebul iqna daaxloebiT 1200-mde

saaqcio sazogadoeba, maTgan 1000-mde saaqcio kompania kerZo mflobelobaSia. am

kompaniebis aqciebiT vaWroba xorcieldeboda mxolod arasabirJo vaWrobis

meSveobiT. amJamad saqarTveloSi arsebobs ramdenime mcire sainvesticio fondi

(yofili saprivatizacio vauCeruli sainvesticio fondebi). vauCeruli sainvesticio

fondebi yidulobdnen vauCerebs kerZo pirebisagan da axdendnen maT investirebas

yofil saxelmwifo sawarmoebSi.

sainvesticio fondebis gankargulebaSi arsebuli fasiani qaRaldebis

moculoba amJamad sakmaod mcirea, xolo maTi aqcionerebs raodenoba ramdenime aTas

kacs unda Seadgendes. Tumca sainvesticio fondebma didi wvlili Seitanes fasiani

qaRaldebis bazris ganviTarebaSi saqarTveloSi.

1998 wlidan barencis jgufma daiwyo saqarTveloSi kapitalis bazris

ganviTarebis proeqtis ganxorcieleba. is moicavs Semdeg komponentebs: Sesatyvisi

sakanonmdeblo bazis Seqmna, fasiani qaRaldebis bazris monawileTa profesionaluri

gadamzadeba da saganmanaTleblo saqmianobis Catareba amJamindel da potenciur

emetentebs Soris, fasiani qaRaldebis bazris infrastruqturis Camoyalibeba da

amoqmedeba-saqarTvelos safondo birJa, centraluri depozitari, fasiani qaRaldebis

damoukidebeli registraterebi da fasiani qaRaldebis komisia.

1998 wels miRebuli iqna kanoni fasiani qaRaldebis bazris Sesaxeb, romelmac

Seqmna samarTlebrivi CarCo fasiani qaRaldebis sajaro SeTavazebisaTvis. moTxovnebi

emisiis prospeqtisadmi, rac Zalze mniSvnelovania sajaro SeTavazebisaTvis,

mTlianad akmayofilebs aRiarebul saerTaSoriso standartebs gaxsnilobis,

gamWvirvaloba da angariSvaldebulebis mxriv. saqarTvelos safondo birJam 2000

wlis ianvarSi miiRo safondo birJis licenzia. pirveli sacdeli vaWroba gaimarTa

martSi gaerTianebuli qarTuli bankis aqciebiT, xolo aprilidan daiwyo ufro

farTomasStabiani vaWroba. organizebuli meoradi fasiani bazris Camoyalibeba

warmoadgens seriozul nabijs kapitalis bazris formirebis gzaze saqarTveloSi. is

xels Seuwyobs Sida danazogebis kapitalizaciasa da ucxouri, maT Soris

portfeluri investiciebis mozidvas.

1999 wlidan SeimCneva ucxouri investiciebis moculobis mkveTri Semcireba

saqarTveloSi. pirdapiri ucxouri investiciebis1 moculobam 1999 wels Seadgina

159.7 milioni dolari (daaxloebiT 316.8 milioni lari2), rac mniSvnelovnad CamorCeba

wina wlebis maCveneblebs, 265 milioni dolari 1998 wels da 242.5 milioni dolari

1997 wels. mniSvnelovnad SeizRuda ucxouri investiciebi ZiriTad kapitalSic

mxolod 1.4 milioni lari 2000 wlis 1 kv., 133.7 milioni lari 1999 wels, 378 milioni

lari 1998 wels, 180 milioni lari 1997 wels. aseTi susti sainvesticio aqtivoba

SeiZleba aixsnas msxvilmasStabiani sainvesticio proeqtebis simwiriT.

1 pirdapir ucxour investiciad ganixileba im ararezidenzi ekonomikuri erTeulis mier ganxorcielebuli yvela saxis dabandeba, romelic flobs sawarmos saaqcio kapitalis an xmebis aranakleb 10 procents (korporaciuli erTeulis SemTxvevaSi) an eqvivalentur wils arakorporaciuli erTeulis SemTxvevaSi. 2 gaangariSebuli iqna lari/aSS dolaris saSualo kvartaluri sacvleli kursebis mixedviT.



evropis rekonstruqciisa da ganviTarebis banki (EBRD) axorcielebs

msxvilmasStabian sainvesticio proeqtebs saqarTveloSi. EBRD iqna daarsebuli 1991

wels komunisturi sistemis dangrevis Sedegad centraluri da aRmosavleT evropis,

aseve dsT-s qveynebisaTvis centralizebul-marTvadi ekonomikidan sabazro

urTierTobebze transformaciis procesis mxardaWerisaTvis.

EBRD amJamad operirebas ukeTebs 20 miliardi dolaris kapitals. 2000 wlis

1 ianvrisTvis EBRD gaaforma ToTxmeti sainvesticio proeqti saqarTveloSi

investiciebis mTliani moculobiT 169.3 milioni evro. garda infrastruqturis

dargebisa, EBRD did yuradRebas uTmobs saqarTveloSi finansur,

energogamanawilebel, samrewvelo da agrarul seqtorebSi kerZo proeqtebis

ganxorcielebas. ukve xelmowerilia 10 aseTi proeqti, marTlac, 1999 wels kerZo

seqtoris wili EBRD-is portfelSi gaizarda 50%-mde. EBRD eZebs damatebiT

SesaZleblobebs rom moaxdinos investireba kerZo, savaluto Semosavlebis miRebis

potenciis mqone sawarmoebSi. yvelaze perspeqtiul mimarTulebebad miCneulia

bunebrivi airisa da navTobis mopoveba, energogeneracia, maT Soris mcire

hidroenergetika, madnis gadamuSaveba, telekomunikaciebi, transporti, turizmi,

xilis koncentratebi da Cai. banki aseve swavlobs adgilobrivi cementis warmoebaSi

investiciebis dabandebis SesaZleblobebs. EBRD aseve imedovnebs saerTaSoriso

donorebisa da kerZo investorebis mozidvas am proeqtebis gansaxorcieleblad.

Tavi mesame. saxelmwifo finansebiTavi mesame. saxelmwifo finansebiTavi mesame. saxelmwifo finansebiTavi mesame. saxelmwifo finansebi

saqarTvelos ekonomikis mimarTulsaqarTvelos ekonomikis mimarTulsaqarTvelos ekonomikis mimarTulsaqarTvelos ekonomikis mimarTulebebi _ 2000 weli, #1ebebi _ 2000 weli, #1ebebi _ 2000 weli, #1ebebi _ 2000 weli, #1 30

1999 wels, saxelmwifo biujetSi Sevida 629,2 milioni lari (kapitaluri

Semosavlebis garda), rac gegmiT gaTvaliswinebuli maCveneblis 72,9 procentia.

sagadasaxado Semosavlebma, navaraudevi 561,7 milionis laris nacvlad, 414,4 milioni

lari Seadgina. ucxourma grantebma, mosalodneli 86,4 milioni laridan, mxolod 55,8

procenti Seadgina. socialuri uzrunvelyofis, dasaqmebisa da sagzao fondebidan

miRebulma Semosavlebma, centraluri biujetidan miRebuli transferebis CaTvliT,

Sesabamisad biujetiT gaTvaliswinebuli Semosavlebis 94, 94 da 121 procenti

Seadgina. 1999 wlis saxelmwifo biujetis xarjebis maCvenebeli, ramodenime

gadasinjvisa da Sesworebis Semdeg, 1,232 milion larze iqna dafiqsirebuli. realuri

xarjebi am maCveneblis sam meoTxedze naklebi iyo: realurad, mxolod 904,8 milioni

lari daixarja. centraluri biujetis xarjebma 758,5 milioni lari Seadgina, anu

gegmiT gaTvaliswinebuli maCveneblis 70 procentamde.

gadasaxadebis susti regulirebis gamo, ekonomikis sxvadasxva seqtorebze

saerTo sagadasaxado datvirTvis ganawileba ukiduresad uTanabrod xdeba. es xels

uSlis resursebis efeqtur ganawilebas da aferxebs zogierTi seqtoris zrdas. is

seqtorebi, romlebic gadasaxadebs ar ixdian, investiciebidan ufro maRal

Semosavlebs iReben; im SezRuduli danazogebs gamoyeneba, romelebsac isini

iTviseben, sxva seqtorebis ganviTarebis mizniT SeiZleboda.

mTavroba apirebs reformis gatarebas gadasaxadebis regulirebis sferoSi,

romelic moicavs: funqcionalurad qmediTunariani organizaciuli struqturis

SemoRebas; Sida kontrolis meqanizmis Semdgom daxvewas; kompiuterizacias; kadrebis

Semcirebas; kompensaciis gazrdas; kadrebis SerCevisa da dawinaurebis procedurebis

gaumjobesebas; da kadrebis instituciuri momzadebisaTvis saWiro pirobebis Seqmnas

departamentSi.

saxelmwifo Semosavlebisaxelmwifo Semosavlebisaxelmwifo Semosavlebisaxelmwifo Semosavlebi

1999 wlis biujetis kanonis Tanaxmad, saxelmwifo biujetis mTlian Semosavlebi

da grantebi (kapitaluri Semosavlebis garda1) 862,5 milioni lariT ganisazRvra

saidanac 771,3 milioni lari centralur biujets unda mieRo, xolo danarCeni 151,2

milioni lari – specialuri saxelmwifo fondebis biujets. sagadasaxado

Semosavlebs 561,7 milioni lari unda Seedgina. realurma Semosavlebma 629,2 milioni

lari Seadgina, (kapitaluri Semosavlebis garda), rac gegmiT gaTvaliswinebulis 72,9

procentia. 414,4 milioni lari Segrovda sagadasaxado Semosavlebis saxiT.

1999 wels, saxelmwifo biujetis (579,8 milioni lari, kapitaluri

Semosavlebis garda) realurma adgilobrivma Semosavlebma 35,4 milioni lari

Seadgina, rac 6,5 procentiT metia vidre 1998 wels. am or periods Soris 19

procentian inflacias Tu gaviTvaliswinebT, es cvlileba, realur gamosaxulebaSi,

negatiuria. garda amisa, 1998 wels saxelmwifo biujetis mTlianma Semosavlebma da

grantebma mSp-s 12 procenti Seadgina, xolo 1999 wels - sul 11,6 procenti. mSp-Si

1 kanonSi Setanili axali cvlilebebis gamo, kapitaluri Semosavlebi gamoiyeneba, rogorc biujetis deficitis dafinansebis erT-erTi wyaro. maSasadame, es Tanxa biujetis SemosavlebSi ar Sedis.

saxelmwifo finansebisaxelmwifo finansebisaxelmwifo finansebisaxelmwifo finansebi

saqarTvelos ekonomikis mimarTulebebi _ 2000 weli, #1saqarTvelos ekonomikis mimarTulebebi _ 2000 weli, #1saqarTvelos ekonomikis mimarTulebebi _ 2000 weli, #1saqarTvelos ekonomikis mimarTulebebi _ 2000 weli, #1 31

sagadasaxado Semosavlebis wili ki, piriqiT, 1998 wlis 6,9 procentidan 1999 wels 7,7

procentamde gaizarda. sagadasaxado Semosavlebma 1999 wlis mTliani saxelmwifo

Semosavlebis 65 procenti Seadgina maSin rodesac 1998 wels Sesabamisi maCvenebeli

60,0 procenti iyo. es faqti , metwilad, arasagadasaxado Semosavlebis bevrad dabali

maCveneblebiTa da gadasaxdebis Segrovebis SedarebiTi gaumjobesebiT aris

ganpirobebuli. adgilobrivi Semosavlebis Tviuri cvlileba qvemoT moyvanil

naxazSia warmodgenili.

nax. 3.1: saxelmwifo biujetis Sida Semosavlebi.nax. 3.1: saxelmwifo biujetis Sida Semosavlebi.nax. 3.1: saxelmwifo biujetis Sida Semosavlebi.nax. 3.1: saxelmwifo biujetis Sida Semosavlebi.

48,4

28,538,7

46,454,2 56 55,5 54,0

41,151,4

4437,9

77,3

0

20

40

60

80

100

XII I II III IV V VI VII VIII IX X XI XII

milioni l

ari

milioni l

ari

milioni l

ari

milioni l

ari

Semosavlebi mimarTuleba

wyaro: statistikis saxelmwifo departamenti

centraluri biujeti

centralur biujetSi Sevida 484,6 milioni lari, rac gegmiT

gaTvaliswinebuli Tanxis 68,1 procentia. biujetis realuri Sesruleba nominalur

gamosaxulebaSi 12,1 procentiT ukeTesi iyo vidre wina wels, amasTan, unda

gaviTvaliswinoT, rom am periodebs Soris inflaciis donem 19 procenti Seadgina.

sagadasaxado Semosavlebis Segroveba SedarebiT gaumjobesda da 414 milioni lari

Seadgina, rac wina wlis maCvenebelze 25 procentiT metia, magram kvlavac 26,2

procentiT Camouvardeba gegmurs.

saSemosavlo gadasaxadidan saSemosavlo gadasaxadidan saSemosavlo gadasaxadidan saSemosavlo gadasaxadidan miRebulma Tanxam 44,9 milioni lari Seadgina, rac

8,4 milioni lariT (23 procenti) aRemateba gegmurs. gegmas Seesabameba agreTve

sawarmoTa saSemosavlo gadasaxadebicsawarmoTa saSemosavlo gadasaxadebicsawarmoTa saSemosavlo gadasaxadebicsawarmoTa saSemosavlo gadasaxadebic. biujetSi Sevida 20,2 milioni lari, rac 2,4

procentiT metia gegmiurze. amave dros, nominalur gamosaxulebaSi, 1998 wlis

biujetis realur SesrulebasTan SedarebiT, es maCvenebeli odnav dabalia.

saxelmwifo biujetSi dRgdRgdRgdRg-s saxiT Sevida 212,7 milioni lari, rac gegmiurze

22,8 procentiT naklebia. aqedan, adgilobrivi wyaroebidan miRebulia 124,4 milioni

lari (13,6 procentiT naklebi), xolo importis xarjze - 88,3 milioni lari (32,8

procentiT naklebi). dRg adgilobriv saqonelsa da momsaxurebaze 19 procentiT

gaizarda 1998 welTan SeadrebiT, rac Seesabameba am periodebs Soris momxdar

saxelmwifosaxelmwifosaxelmwifosaxelmwifo finansebi finansebi finansebi finansebi

saqarTvelos ekonomikis mimarTulebebi _ 2000 weli, #1 saqarTvelos ekonomikis mimarTulebebi _ 2000 weli, #1 saqarTvelos ekonomikis mimarTulebebi _ 2000 weli, #1 saqarTvelos ekonomikis mimarTulebebi _ 2000 weli, #1 32

inflacias; importze dRg wlis ganmavlobaSi 10 procentiT gaizarda rac, realur

gamosaxulebaSi, klebis amsaxvelia.

saaqcizo gadasaxadissaaqcizo gadasaxadissaaqcizo gadasaxadissaaqcizo gadasaxadis Semosavlebma 110,7 milioni lari Seadgina, rac

dagegmilze 19 procentiT naklebia. miuxedavad amisa 1999 wels, wina welTan

SedarebiT, gegma oTxjer metad Sesrulda. es gaumjobeseba SeiZleba aixsnas

Tambaqosa da alkoholur sasmelebze saaqcizo markebis SemoRebiT. 13,5 milioni lari

miRebul iqna adgilobrivi mewarmeebisgan (gegmaze 15,6 procentiT naklebi), xolo 97,2

milioni lari - importirebuli saqonelis aqcizidan (gegmiurze 20,2 procentiT

naklebi).

yvelaze naklebad Segrovda sabaJo gadasaxdebisabaJo gadasaxdebisabaJo gadasaxdebisabaJo gadasaxdebi, rogorc gegmiT

gaTvaliswinebul maCvenebelTan, aseve 1998 wlis maCvenebelTan SedarebiTac. biujetSi

Sevida 25,9 milioni lari, rac 71,8 procentiT Camouvardeba gegmurs da 53,3

procentiT naklebia, vidre 1998 wels.

saerTod, saxelmwifo sagadasaxado samsaxurs ukeTesi Sedegebi hqonda, vidre

sabaJo departaments. saxelmwifo biujetis sagadasaxado Semosavlebma, romlebic

saxelmwifo sagadasaxado samsaxuris mier iqna akrefili, 202,9 milioni lari

Seadgina, nacvlad gegmiT gaTvaliswinebuli 216,2 milioni larisa (anu 93,9 procenti).

amasTan, 1998 wlis maCvenebelTan SedarebiT, es cifri 21,2 procentiT metia. gegmiT

gaTvaliswinebuli 345,5 milioni laridan, sabaJo departamentma mxolod 211,5 milioni

laris Segroveba moaxerxa. eqspertebis azriT, amis mizezi importis Semcirebasa da

kontrabandis zrdaSi mdgomareobs. 1999 wels sabaJo samsaxurebis mier

registrirebuli importi 1998 welTan SedarebiT 42 procentiT naklebi iyo.

nawilobriv es sxvaoba aixsneba im faqtiT, rom 1998 wlis bolos, laris swrafi

gaufasurebis gamo, importi metismetad gaZvirda. Tumca, zogierTi Semotanili

saqonelis registracia (umTavresad im saqonelis, romelic maRali gadasaxadiT

ibegreba) asaxavs ararealur klebas am saqonlis moxmarebaSi raime mniSvnelovani

Semcirebisa an adgilobrivi warmoebis zrdis niSnebis gareSe. sawvavis importi

Semcirda 2,8-jer; xorblisa da fqvilis 2,2-jer; Zraviani transportis 2-jer. finansTa

saministros gaangariSebiT, saqarTveloSi navTis moxmareba weliwadSi 180,000 tonas,

xolo dizelis sawvavis – 400,000 tonas Seadgens (orive saxis sawvavi ZiriTad qveynis

garedan SemoaqvT). sabaJoze aRniSnuli moculobebis mxolod 7-8 procentis

registracia xdeba, rac gadasaxadebis Tavidan acilebis masStabze metyvelebs.

gansakuTrebul yuradRebas imsaxurebs navTobproduqtebisa da Tambaqos

nawarmis dabegvridan miRebuli Semosavlebi. 1999 wlis biujetis Tanaxmad,

navTobproduqtebis dabegvridan unda Semosuliyo 90 milioni lari, aqedan 50

milioni lari – benzinis da 16,1 milioni lari – sxva navTobproduqtebis xarjze.

realurma Semosavlebma mxolod 46,9 milioni lari Seadgina, anu gegmis 52 procenti.

momdevno cxrilSi Tavmoyrilia sabaJodan miRebuli realuri Semosavlebi biujetis

Sesabamisi muxlis mixedviT.



cxrili 3.1: navTobproduqtebis dabegvridan miRebuli Semosavlebi

(milioni lari)

GEL million

kanonierad miRebuli Semosavlebis procenti

sabaJoze miRebuli Semosavlebi 95.4 114.1 Semosavlebi romlebic SecdomiT iyo miRebuli da daubrunda importiorebs

11.8 14.1

invalidTa da omis veteranTa arasamTavrobo roganizaciebis sabWosTvis gadacemuli Semosavlebi

21.3 25.5

biujetis yvela doneze gadacemuli Semosavlebi 62.3 74.5

saxelmwifo biujetSi gadacemuli Semosavlebi 46.9 56.1 centraluri biujeti 33.3 39.8 sagzao fondi 13.6 16.3 adgilobrivi biujetebi 15.4 18.4


finansTa saministros varaudiT, navTobproduqtebis importis mxolod 30

procentia legaluri. 1999 wels sabaJoze registrirebuli iyo 57 milioni laris

navTobproduqtebi maSin, rodesac 1998-1997 wlebSi Sesabamisi maCveneblebi 160 da 155

milion lars Seadgenda. imis gaTvaliswinebiT, rom fasebi daaxloebiT 2-jer maRali

iyo da aqcizi benzinze 80 procentiT iyo gazrdili, finansTa saministros mier am

navTobproduqtis kontrabandiT miyenebuli zarali Sefasebulia 190-200 milioni

laris odenobiT.

Tambaqos nawarmze gadasaxadebis Segrovebidan miRebuli Semosavali ki

piriqiT, ufro maRalia vidre varaudobdnen. mosalodneli 60 milionis nacvlad,

Tambaqos nawarmis aqcizidan biujetSi Sesulia 62,6 milioni lari. gadasaxadebis

SegrovebaSi aseTi kargi Sedegebis miRweva SesaZlebeli gaxda saaqcizo markebis

SemoRebis gamo. finansTa saministro varaudobs, rom samomxmareblo bazarze

gayiduli Tambaqos nawarmis 15-18 procenti kvlavac daubegravi rCeba.

1999 wels, arasagadasaxado Semosavlebis xaziT, centralur biujetSi

mosalodneli iyo 63,2 milioni laris miReba. realurad Semovida mxolod 20,8

milioni lari, dagegmilis 33 procenti. es maCvenebeli 50,8 milioni lariT (anu 70,9

procentiT) naklebia vidre 1998 wels. am deficitis erT-erTi mizezia

sawarmoebisTvis gacemul sxvadasxva saxelmwifo kreditebze arsebuli masiuri

davalianeba. am xaziT, 15,9 milioni laris nacvlad, Sevida mxolod 5,1 milioni lari.

navTobsadenidan biujetSi Sevida sul 3 milioni lari maSin, roca mosalodneli iyo

12 milioni lari. finansuri disciplinis mxriv, saxelmwifo qonebis marTva arsebiT

gaumjobesebas saWiroebs. saxelmwifos sakuTrebaSi arsebuli aqciebidan miRebuli

dividendebis odenobam mxolod 0,27 milioni lari Seadgina maSin, rodesac am

sawarmoTa wminda mogeba 1999 wels 30 milioni lari iyo.

saxelmwifo qonebis privatizaciis xaziT saxelmwifo biujetSi mosalodneli

60 milioni laris magivrad Sevida 20,9 milioni lari. eleqtroenergiis seqtoris

privatizaciasTan dakavSirebiT ramodenime gauTvaliswinebeli problema Seiqmna.

wlis bolos xeli moewera SeTanxmebas 25 wlis vadiT eleqtrogeneraciis sadgurebi

“xrami I” da “xrami II-s” marTvis uflebis gadacemaze amerikeli investori kompania

AES-Tvis. kavSirgabmulobis seqtoris privatizacia gadaido.



mosalodneli 86,4 milioni laris nacvlad, sagareo grantebis saxiT,

saxelmwifo biujetSi 55,8 milioni lari Sevida. evrokavSiris grantebis gadaxda (48,2

milioni laris odenobiT) kvebis uzrunvelyofis programis farglebSi moxda (21,3

milioni lari), xolo nawili (17,5 milioni lari) evrokavSiris sesxis dasafaravad

daxmarebis saxiT iqna miRebuli.

gadasaxadebis administrirebis reforma gadasaxadebis administrirebis reforma gadasaxadebis administrirebis reforma gadasaxadebis administrirebis reforma

1999 wlis bolos, saxelmwifo sagadasaxado samsaxuris da sabaJo departamentis

gaerTianebis Sedegad, Seiqmna axali “saqarTvelos sagadasaxado Semosavlebis

saministro”. saerTaSoriso daxmarebiT, mTavroba axorcielebs gadasaxadebis

administrebis mTavar reformas, romelic moicavs: funqcionalurad qmediTunariani

organizaciuli struqturebis SemoRebas, Sida kontrolis meqanizmis Semdgom

daxvewas, kompiuterizacias, kadrebis Semcirebas, kompensaciis gazrdas, kadrebis

SerCevisa da dawinaurebis procedurebis gaumjobesebas da kadrebis instituciuri

momzadebisaTvis saWiro pirobebis Seqmnas departamentSi. reformis mTavar danaxarjs

warmoadgens momatebuli xelfasebi, romlebic unda daifaros Segrovili

gadasaxadebis fiqsirebuli procentis gadadebis xarjze. procesi daiwyeba 3

procentiT, xolo momavalSi, Semdgomi 5 wlis ganmavlobaSi, ufro realur donemde

iqneba dayvanili. reformis ganxorcielebis Semdeg, sagadasaxado samsaxurs

biujetidan Seuwydeba pirdapiri dafinanseba.

gadasaxadebis Segroveba dargebis mixedviTgadasaxadebis Segroveba dargebis mixedviTgadasaxadebis Segroveba dargebis mixedviTgadasaxadebis Segroveba dargebis mixedviT

finansTa saministro ekonomikis sxvadasxva seqtorebis sagadasaxado

datvirTvis ganawilebis ufro zust analizs akeTebs.

cxrili 3.2: biujetis yvela donis mier miRebuli gadasaxadebi dargebis mixedviTcxrili 3.2: biujetis yvela donis mier miRebuli gadasaxadebi dargebis mixedviTcxrili 3.2: biujetis yvela donis mier miRebuli gadasaxadebi dargebis mixedviTcxrili 3.2: biujetis yvela donis mier miRebuli gadasaxadebi dargebis mixedviT

(procenti)

dargi dargis wili miRebul pirdapir gadasaxadebSi

dargis wili miRebul arapirdapir gadasaxadebSi

dargis wili mSp-Si

mrewveloba 19.9 41.8 13

soflis meurneoba 12.8 3.1 33.2

mSenebloba 2.8 5.7 3.8 transporti 13.6 8.8 9.1 kavSirgabmuloba 5.5 13.4 2.5 vaWroba 16.4 14.8 14.1 ganaTleba, jandacva, kultura, sporti

15.1 1.8 5.7

sxva 14 10.6 13.4 wyaro: finansTa saministro

zemoT moyvanili cxrili asaxavs sxvadasxva seqtorebSi saqmianobis

legalizaciis uTanabrobis dones da agreTve, gadasaxadebidan daSvebul

gamonaklisebs. kavSirgabmuloba yvelaze legalizebuli seqtoria da amdenad,

yvelaze metad ibegreba: dabegvris xarisxi2 damatebuli Rirebulebis 26 procents

2 biujetis yvela doneze Sesuli gadasaxadebi, socialuri Senatanebis CaTvliT.



Seadgens. iTvleba, rom es legalizaciis 90 procents warmoadgens. saerTo

sagadasaxado datvirTva dRg-s 8 procents Seadgens. legalizaciis ufro zusti

SefasebisTvis ukeTesi iqneba dRg-s Semosavlebis ganxilva damatebuli Rirebulebis

TvalsazrisiT. cifrebi momdevno cxrilSia warmodgenili.

cxrili 3.3: sagadasaxado datvirTva dargebis mixedviT damatebuli Rirebulebis cxrili 3.3: sagadasaxado datvirTva dargebis mixedviT damatebuli Rirebulebis cxrili 3.3: sagadasaxado datvirTva dargebis mixedviT damatebuli Rirebulebis cxrili 3.3: sagadasaxado datvirTva dargebis mixedviT damatebuli Rirebulebis

terminebSiterminebSiterminebSiterminebSi

dargi

mTliani sagadasaxado datvirTva rogorc Seqmnili damatebuli Rirebulebis procenti

dRg-s Semosavlebi rogorc damatebuli Rirebulebis procenti

mrewveloba 17 7.4 soflis meurneoba 2.1 0.3 mSenebloba 8 4.3 transporti 10 2.8 kavSirgabmuloba 26.1 14.4 vaWroba da momsaxureba 8.6 2.8 ganaTleba, jandacva, kultura, sporti

9.1 -

sxva 6-9 1.2 wyaro: finansTa saministrowyaro: finansTa saministrowyaro: finansTa saministrowyaro: finansTa saministro

cifrebi miuTiTebs sagadasaxado sistemis administrirebaSi arsebuli

problemebis seriozulobaze, rac ararealurs xdis gadasaxadebis gadaxdas, xels

uSlis bazris ganviTarebas da aferxebs resursebis efeqtur ganawilebas. dabegvris

maRali ganakveTi warmoadgens erT-erT problemas, romlis winaSec dgas

saqarTvelos mrewveloba. is seqtorebi, romlebic gadasaxadebs ar ixdian,

investiciebis dabandebidan bevrad ufro maRal Semosavlebs iReben da im SezRudul

danazogebs iTviseben, romelTa gamoyenebac, sxva SemTxvevaSi, mrewvelobis

ganviTarebis mizniT SeiZleboda. yvelaze maRali sagadasaxado datvirTvis mqone

seqtoris - kavSirgabmulobis seqtoris – swrafi zrda SeiZleba aixsnas am seqtoris

susti ganviTarebiT wina wlebis ganmavlobaSi da misi bunebrivi monopolisturi

poziciiT.

saxelmwifo biujetis deficitis saxelmwifo biujetis deficitis saxelmwifo biujetis deficitis saxelmwifo biujetis deficitis dafinanseba dafinanseba dafinanseba dafinanseba

2000 wlis dawyebamde erTi kviriT adre moxda “saqarTvelos 1999 wlis

saxelmwifo biujetis kanonis” gadaxedva im moulodnelad dabali sagareo

dafinansebis asaxvis mizniT, romelic 1999 wels iqna miRebuli. seb-i iZulebuli

gaxda saxelmwifosTvis ufro didi krediti gamoeyo, vidre es wlis bolos iyo

gaTvaliswinebuli. 1999 wels, seb-is mier saxelmwifosTvis sesxad gacemulma Tanxam

sul 146,7 milioni lari Seadgina. Tumca, 49,2 milioni lari wlis ganmavlobaSi

daifara. darCenili Tanxa grZelvadian kredits warmoadgens.

valutis gacvliTi kursis aSkara stabilizaciam safuZveli misca finansTa

saministros dagegmos saxazino valdebulebebis gamoSvebis ganaxleba. sakredito

moTxovna 1,6 milion larze dafiqsirda. realurad, gasesxebul iqna 1,68 milioni

lari 23 aTasi laris fasad. 91- da 28-dRiani kreditis saSualo Sewonili ganakveTi

12,5-19,8 procentis farglebSi meryeobda, rac bevrad Camouvardeba, rogorc

bankTaSoris sakredito auqcionebze moqmedi ganakveTebs, aseve 1998 wels



gavrcelebuli saxazino valdebulebebis ganakveTebsac. miRebul iqna sagareo

dafinanseba 58,5 milioni laris odenobiT. amis didi nawili msoflio bankidan

struqturuli gardaqmnis kreditis saxiT iqna miRebuli.

biujetis deficitis nawili (30 milioni lari) unda dafaruliyo sxvadasxva

wyaroebidan, ganviTarebis daxmarebis saxiT, miRebuli mcenareuli zeTisa da

xorblis realizaciidan miRebuli TanxiT. realurma Semosavlebma 29,4 milioni

Seadgina, rac bevrad ar Camouvardeboda mosalodnel Semosavlebs.

saxelmwifo biujetis xarjebisaxelmwifo biujetis xarjebisaxelmwifo biujetis xarjebisaxelmwifo biujetis xarjebi

mTeli rigi gadasinjvebisa da Sesworebebis Semdeg, 1999 wlis saxelmwifo

biujetis xarjebis maCvenebeli sabolood 1,232 milioni larze dafiqsirda.

Sesrulebam am odenobis sam-meoTxedze naklebi Seadgina: realurad, mxolod 904,8

milioni lari iqna daxarjuli. centraluri biujetis xarjebma 768,5 milioni lari

Seadgina, anu gegmis 70 procentamde.

mniSvnelovani Tanxebi unda gamoyofiliyo rogorc Sida, aseve sagareo valis

momsaxurebaze. gegmiT gaTvaliswinebuli 81,4 milioni laris nacvlad, seb-ma 72,2

milioni lari miiRo. 1999 wlis bolos mdgomareobiT, seb-is winaSe saxelmwifo

davalianebam 638,9 milioni lari Seadgina. adgilobrivi valutis gaufasurebis

asaxsnelad da seb-is rekapitalizaciis misaRwevad finansTa saministrom gamouSva

valis sertifikatebi 70,4 milioni laris odenobiT. 1999 wels am davalianebaze

gadaxdilma saprocento ganakveTma (20 procenti) 10,6 milioni lari Seadgina.

1999 wels, centraluri biujetis xarjebSi sagareo valis momsaxurebis wilma

19,7 procenti Sedagina. mosalodnelia rom es maCvenebeli metad gaizrdeba, radganac

2000 wels unda moxdes axali ZiriTadi gadasaxadebis dafarva (CineTis, ruseTisa da

ukrainis vali). 1999 wels am muxliT biujetSi gamoyofili iyo 143,6 milioni lari;

aqedan, ZiriTadi gadasaxadebma TurqmeneTisTvis 25 milioni aSS dolari (45,7 milioni

lari), xolo evrokavSirisTvis - 10 milioni evro Seadgina. 1999 wels, saxelmwifo

valis mTlianma momsaxurebam 267,5 milioni lari Seadgina, rac centraluri

biujetis realuri xarjebis 35,1 procentia. vinaidan, biujeti ver axerxebs moqmedi

ZiriTadi gadasaxadebis ganrigebis dacvas, valis restruqturizaciasTan

dakavSirebiT mimdinareobs intensiuri samuSaoebi.

arsebobda zogierTi sxva prioritetuli xarjebic. saaqcizo markebis

dasabeWdad dagegmili xarjebis 89 procenti, anu 4,4 milioni lari daixarja.

specialuri sarezervo fondidan 7,9 milioni lari metwilad daixarja sxvadasxva

saqmian mivlinebebze, saparlamento arCevnebze, saerTaSoriso sasamarTlo procesebze

da centralur biujetsa da aWaris regionul biujets Soris arsebuli

urTierTkavSiris auditze.

biujetis gauTvaliswinebel xarjebis dafinansebis kidev erT wyaros

prezidentis fondi warmoadgens, saidanac 1999 wels 12,8 milioni lari iqna

gamoyofili. prezidentis fondidan sxvadasxva daxmarebebze - ltolvilebisaTvis



afxazeTis regionidan da zogierTi regionis mosaxleobisaTvis, romelic mwvave

socialur problemebs ganicdis - 4,9 milioni lari daixarja. 1 milioni lari

moxmarda S. rusTavelis saxelobis saxelmwifo Teatris Senobis restavracias. 0,4

milioni lari gamoiyo stiqiiT miyenebuli zaralis asaRdgenad. 690 milioni lari

moxmarda sesxis dafarvas.

sxva saerTo xarjebis dafinanseba Semdeg suraTs gvaZlevs: saxelmwifo

seqtoris muSakTa xelfasebma 72,3 milioni lari Seadgina, rac biujetiT

gaTvaliswinebuli maCveneblis 71 procentamdea. Semdgom, 9,4 milioni lari, xelfasis

gadasaxadis saxiT, sxvadasxva fondebSi gadairicxa. 10 milioni lari, gegmiT

gaTvaliswinebuli 11,2 milionis nacvlad, wavida sxvadasxva oficialur saqmian

mivlinebebze. am Tanxis 43 procentamde gamoyofilia, rogorc zemoT iqna aRniSnuli,

sarezervo da prezidentis fondebidan da evrokavSiris kvebis uzrunvelyofis

grantidan.

“sxva saqonelsa da momsaxurebaze” daixarja 180,5 milioni lari, rac

biujetiT gaTvaliswinebuli Tanxis sul 62,1 procentia. Tumca, am muxlSi Semaval

faqtobriv xarjTa mniSvnelovani wili saerTod ar yofila dagegmili. kerZod, 1997

da 1998 wlebSi dagrovili sabiujeto davalianeba sxvadasxva komerciul sawarmoTa

winaSe, romlis didi nawilis gadaxdac sasamarTlos gadawyvetilebis safuZvelze

moxda. zogierTi valdebuleba warmoiSva saxelmwifo moxeleTa mier marTvis dros

daSvebuli Secdomebis Sedegad. yvela es gauTvaliswinebeli valdebuleba

(daaxloebiT 8 milioni lari) ar yofila da arc SeiZleboda yofiliyo

gaTvaliswinebuli 1999 wlis biujetis dagegmvis periodSi.

kidev erTi aseTi “gauTvaliswinebeli” davalianeba warmoiqmna “saqenergos” -

energogeneraciis kompaniis - gadaxdis uunarobis Sedegad. “saqenergom”, romelic

eleqtroenergiis distributori kompaniebis erTaderTi momwodebeli iyo da

romelsac wlis Sua periodSi es monopolisturi privilegia CamoerTva, EBRD-sgan

miRebuli sesxis momsaxureba ver SesZlo. am kreditis gamoyofa moxda saxelmwifo

garantiiT da amitom, finansTa saministros unda gadaexada 5,1 milioni lari, raTa

saswrafod Tavidan aecilebina saqarTvelos bankrotad gamocxadeba.

“sxva saqonlisa da momsaxurebis” muxlis kidev erT mniSvnelovan qvepunqts

warmoadgens saxelmwifo seqtoris muSakTa kvebisaTvis gaTvaliswinebuli xarjebi

(samxedro, naxevrad samxedro da policiis muSakebi). daixarja 24,4 milioni lari,

rac biujetis 76,5 procentia. administraciulma xarjebma 12,6 milioni lari

Seadgina, rac dagegmilis 80 procentamde Seadgens. am xarjTa udidesi nawili

saSinao saqmeTa da Tavdacvis saministroebis, parlamentis, saxelmwifo uSiSroebis

departamentisa da centraluri saarCevno komisiis wilad modis. 9 milioni lari

sxvadasxva komunalur (ZiriTadad, eleqtroenergiis) gadasaxadebzea daxarjuli. am

Tanxis naxevarze meti policiisa da Tavdacvis samsaxurebis wilad modis.

transportis teqnikur momsaxurebaze daixarja 12,3 milioni lari; am Tanxis 40

procenti saSinao saqmeTa saministros wilad modis.

maSasadame “sxva saqonlisa da momsaxurebis” muxlis es qvepunqti gegmiT

gaTvaliswinebuli maCveneblis mxolod 46 procentiT Sesrulda; 133,9 milioni



laris nacvlad, mxolod 61,3 milioni lari daixarja. saqarTvelos diplomatiuri

korpusis dafinansebam biujetiT gaTvaliswinebuli maCveneblis 84 procentamde

Seadgina; 18,9 milioni lari gamoyofili iyo sxvadasxva diplomatiuri misiebisaTvis

sazRvargareT. ltolvil mosaxleobasTan dakavSirebulma sxva xarjebma 9,5 milioni

lari Seadgina, rac gegmis 65 procentia.

saerTod, sxvadasxva socialur subsidiebsa da transferebs prioritetuli

mniSvneloba unda miniWeboda. am xaziT, biujetis Sesrulebam SedarebiT maRal dones

miaRwia (84,3 procenti): 203,8 milioni lari daixarja. aqedan, 20 procentamde, anu 40,9

milioni lari, ltolvilebisTvis gankuTvnil daxmarebebze daixarja. 44,1 milioni

lari socuzrunvelyofis gaerTianebul fonds gadaericxa. 35,7 milioni lari

maswavleblebis xelfasebis, umuSevrobis Semweobis, ojaxuri da sxva daxmarebebis

saxiT adgilobriv biujetebs gadaericxa. janmrTelobis sadazRveo saxelmwifo

kompaniam miiRo 9,8 milioni lari, saxelmwifo tele-radio korporaciam - 9,9 milioni

lari. sxvadasxva kulturulma dawesebulebam 4,9 milioni lari miiRo.

kapitalurma xarjebma gegmis 36,6 procenti Seadgina. 8,6 milioni lari

daixarja.

seqtorul WrilSi, saxelmwifo xarjebis Sesruleba mniSvnelovan uTanabrobas

asaxavs miuxedavad imisa, rom amis Tavidan asacileblad garkveuli zomebi iqna

miRebuli. ssf-s mier gansazRvruli prioritetebisa da ekonomikis sxvadasxva

seqtorebSi dazRveul erTeulTa mniSvnelovnad gansxvavebuli doneebis gamo,

Sesrulebis Tanabari donis SenarCuneba SeuZlebelia. magaliTad, policiisTvis

gaTvaliswinebul biujetSi gansazRvruli erTeulebis wilad xarjebis 78

procentamde modis, xolo soflis meurneobis saministros wilad – mxolod 18

procenti.

saqarTvelos parlamentma miiRo misTvis gansazRvruli biujetis 92 procenti,

anu 9,6 milioni lari. centralurma saarCevno komisiam, dagegmili 3 milioni laris

nacvlad, 2,3 milioni lari miiRo.

saxelmwifo uzrunvelyofis samsaxurma miiRo 5,1 milioni lari, rac TiTqmis

Seesabameba biujetiT gaTvaliswinebul gegmas. kontrolis palatam dagegmili 2,6

milioni laris 71 procenti miiRo. statistikis saxelmwifo departamentis

dafinansebam 78 procenti Seadgina. uzenaesma sasamarTlom miiRo 1,1 milioni lari (81

procenti), xolo prokuraturam – 1,6 milioni lari (67 procenti).

samxedro samsaxuris da policiis xarjebi biujetis xarjebis did nawils

Seadgens. realurad, daixarja 35,5 milioni lariT naklebi nacvlad 1999 wlis

biujetiT gansazRvruli 159 milioni larisa, romelic am sferoebisaTvis unda

gamoyofiliyo. ar iqna gacemuli samxedro msaxurebis xelfasebi 11 milioni laris

odenobiT (4 Tvis xelfasebi). ar moxda 6,9 milioni laris odenobis kvebis

produqtebisa da medikamentebis Sesyidva. mTlianobaSi, Tavdacvis saministrom miiRo

daaxloebiT 38 milioni lari, rac gegmiT gaTvaliswinebuli Tanxis mxolod 70

procentia; policiam (saSinao saqmeTa saministrom) – 11,4 milioni lari (84 procenti);

mTavrobis uSiSroebis samsaxurma – 6,5 milioni lari (97 procenti); sasazRvro



jarebma – 6 milioni lari; omis veteranTa departamentma – 1,5 milioni lari (79

procenti).

ganaTlebis saministrom sul 11,7 milioni lari miiRo; aqedan, maswavleblebis

xelfasebisTvis gankuTvnili iyo 4,1 milioni lari; maSasadame, daaxloebiT sami Tvis

xelfasebi jer-jerobiT ar aris gadaxdili. mecnierebis akademiam miiRo 9,5 milioni

lari, xolo saxelmwifo institutebma – 10,8 milioni lari. mTlianobaSi ganaTlebisa

da mecnierebis sferoTa dafinansebam gegmis 67,3 procenti Seadgina. kulturis

saministros gegmiT gaTvaliswinebuli 12,1 milioni laridan faqtobrivad gadaericxa

9,2 milioni lari. aqedan, 1,2 milioni lari ganaTlebis wilad modis.

soflis meurneobis saministrosTvis gaTvaliswinebuli 19 milioni laridan

mxolod 10,1 milioni lari daixarja. miwis marTvis saxelmwifo departamentma, 9,1

milioni laris nacvlad, sul 3,5 milioni lari miiRo. 1,6 milioni lari (59

procenti) metyeveobis departaments gadaeca, xolo 1,4 milioni lari (67 procenti)

garemos dacvasTan dakavSirebul sxvadasxva saqmianobebze daixarja.

sagadasaxado CaTvlebis gziT gadaxdis praqtika 1999 wlis ivlisidan Sewyda.

wlis pirvel naxevarSi, am saxis gadasaxadebma 50 milioni lari Seadgina, umTavresad

araprioritetul kategoriebSi.

sainvesticio proeqtebi, romelTa dafinansebaSi msoflio banki monawileobs

gansakuTrebuli yuradRebis sagnad gadaiqca. am proeqtebis dafinansebaSi

saqarTvelos wili gamoyenebuli iqneba maT mier gadasaxdeli gadasaxadebis

dasafaravad. magram, 1999 wels, dagegmili 15,1 milionis nacvlad, saqarTvelos

monawileobis wilma 2,7 milioni lari Seadgina, anu sul 17,6 procenti. am proeqtebma

gegmiT gaTvaliswinebuli 130,4 milioni laris nacvlad, maT mxolod 56,1 milioni

lari miiRes. amJamad, ganxilvaSia am proeqtebis gadasaxadebidan ganTavisuflebis

SesaZlebloba.

specialuri saxelmwifo fondebispecialuri saxelmwifo fondebispecialuri saxelmwifo fondebispecialuri saxelmwifo fondebi

finansTa saministros winaswari monacemebis mixedviT, 1999 wels socialuri

uzrunvelyofis gaerTianebuli fondis mTlianma Semosavalma, centraluri

biujetidan miRebuli gadaricxvebis CaTvliT (45 milioni lari), 166 milioni lari

Seadgina, rac gegmis 94 procentia. fondis rezervebis struqtura detalurad aris

warmodgenili momdevno cxrilSi.



cxrili 3.4: socialuri uzrunvelyofis fondis Semosavlebi.cxrili 3.4: socialuri uzrunvelyofis fondis Semosavlebi.cxrili 3.4: socialuri uzrunvelyofis fondis Semosavlebi.cxrili 3.4: socialuri uzrunvelyofis fondis Semosavlebi.

(milioni lari)

gegma Sesruleba %

sul Semosavlebi da transferi centraluri biujetidan

177.3 166. 93.7

transferi centraluri biujetidan 45 44.7 99.3

socialuri gadasaxadi 131.7 116 88.1

damqiraveblisgan 126.3 111.8 88.5

daqiravebulisgan 5.4 4.1 75.9

wina wlis naSTi 5

sxva 0.6 0.33 55.0


Semosuli Tanxidan 163 milioni lari daixarja, anu 2000 wlamde fondSi

3 milion laramdea darCenili. sawyisi saldos 5 milion lars Tu gaviTvaliswinebT,

1999 wels fondis mTlianma xarjebma 168 milioni lari Seadgina. fondis ZiriTadi

xarjebi gasacemi pensiebis (148,5 milioni lari, anu 93 procenti) wilad modis.

administraciuli da safosto xarjebi 7 milion lars aRemateboda. miuxedavad imisa,

rom wina wlebis sapensio davalianebis garkveuli nawili fondma dafara, 2000 wlis

dasawyisSi mas kidev 77 milioni laris davalianeba gaaCnda.

1999 wels, saxelmwifo dasaqmebis fondis saxelmwifo dasaqmebis fondis saxelmwifo dasaqmebis fondis saxelmwifo dasaqmebis fondis mTlianma Semosavalma 3,6 milioni

lari Seadgina, rac gegmiT gaTvaliswinebulis 94 procentia. daaxloebiT igive

odenoba daixarja. umuSevrobis daxmarebebma 949 aTasi Seadgina, 1,7 milioni moxmarda

sxvadasxva samuSao adgilebis Seqmnaze mimarTul saqmianobebs. administraciulma

xarjebma 929 aTasi lari Seadgina rac, socuzrunvelyofis fondis

maCvenebelTan SedarebiT (4 procenti), mTliani moculobis 26 procents

Seadgens. rogorc Cans, umuSevrobis problemebi marTlac rTuli mosagvarebelia.

1999 wlis saxelmwifo sagzao fondis saxelmwifo sagzao fondis saxelmwifo sagzao fondis saxelmwifo sagzao fondis biujeti, gadasinjvis Semdeg 35,4 milion

laris odenobiT iqna gansazRvruli. fondis monacemTa Tanaxmad, faqtobrivma

Semosavalma 42,9 milioni lari Seadgina; aqedan 34 milioni lari miRebulia naRdi

fulis saxiT, xolo danarCeni - sxvadasxva sagadasaxdo CaTvlebis wilad modis. 10,8

milioni lari Semovida sagzao gadasaxadis saxiT, 5,6 milioni lari – avtomobilTa

mflobelobis gadasaxadia, 10,6 milioni lari – sazRvarze avtomobilTa Semosvlis

gadasaxadi, 13,6 milioni lari – sawvavis aqcizi (romelic 10 procentiT

Camouvardeboda gegmurs) da 1,9 milioni lari sxva Semosavlebi, magaliTad mTiani

regionis gzebiT sargeblobis gadasaxadi da lotareis gaTamaSeba. mTeli Semosavali

moxmarda gzebis kapitalur remonts.

saqarTvelos janmrTelobis sadazRveo kompaniis 1999 wlis biujeti

(saxelmwifosgan miRebuli transferebis CaTvliT) 42,5 milioni lariT ganisazRvra.

realurad, kompaniam 27,3 milioni lari (64,2 procenti) miiRo. kompaniis sakuTarma

Semosavlebma 17,4 milioni lari Seadgina, dagegmili 24 milioni laris nacvlad.

sawyiss saldos Tu gaviTvaliswinebT, 1999 wels kompaniis fuladma xarjebma 28,2

milioni lari Seadgina da 2000 wlisaTvis darCa 0,5 milioni lari. finansTa

saministros Tanaxmad, vinaidan kompaniis mTliani xarjebi 1998 da 1999 wlebSi mis



Semosavlebs aRemateboda, 22 milioni laris odenobiT miRebuli sxvaoba kanoniT

ganixileba rogorc saxelmwifos davalianeba kompaniis winaSe.

adgilobrivi biujetebiadgilobrivi biujetebiadgilobrivi biujetebiadgilobrivi biujetebi

1999 wlisaTvis, adgilobriv biujetebis Semosavlebi (transferebis garda)

272,1 milioni lariT ganisazRvra, xolo gegmiT gaTvaliswinebuli xarjebi – 324,2

milioni lariT. realurma Semosavalma 281,5 milioni lari Seadgina rac, 1998 welTan

SedarebiT, 30 procentiani matebaa. mTlianma Semosavalma, centraluri biujetidan

31,8 milioni laris odenobiT miRebuli transferebis CaTvliT (ZiriTadad,

socialuri saWiroebebisaTvis), 321,8 milioni lari Seadgina; aqedan daixarja 319,8

milioni lari.

Tavi meoTxe. fuli da finansebiTavi meoTxe. fuli da finansebiTavi meoTxe. fuli da finansebiTavi meoTxe. fuli da finansebi

42 saqarTvelos ekonomikis mimarTulebebi saqarTvelos ekonomikis mimarTulebebi saqarTvelos ekonomikis mimarTulebebi saqarTvelos ekonomikis mimarTulebebi ---- 2000 weli, #1 2000 weli, #1 2000 weli, #1 2000 weli, #1

2000 wlis 3 marts parlamentma daamtkica “2000 wlis fulad-sakredito da

savaluto politikis ZiriTadi mimarTulebebi”. fulad sakredito politikis mTavar

mizans warmoadgens wliuri inflaciis SenarCuneba 8 procentis farglebSi. amasTan,

varaudoben, rom mSp-s wliuri zrda 4 procents Seadgens.

2000 wels Tavisufali savaluto kursis politika unda SenarCundes.

sinamdvileSi, kursis Tavisufali meryeoba bazarze centraluri bankis monawileobis

gareSe iSviaTia. saqarTvelos SemTxvevaSi, seb-is mier aSS dolarebis Sesyidva

miznad isaxavda wminda saerTaSoriso rezervebis garkveul doneze SenarCunebasa da

ucxouri valutis bazridan Warbi masis amoRebas. 2000 wels, seb-ma Tavisi wminda

ucxouri rezervebi ori Tvis importis eqvivalenturi odenobiT unda SeinarCunos.

imisaTvis, rom wliurma inflaciam 8 procents miaRwios (rac naklebia vidre

1999 wels) seb-ma unda gaakontrolos fuladi baza, wminda adgilobrivi aqtivebi

(ZiriTadad, es mTavrobis angariSebia) da saerTaSoriso rezervebi. maSasadame, 2000

wels saWiroa mkacri fulad-sakredito politikis gagrZeleba. arsebuli pirobebis

gaTvaliswinebiT, makroekonomikuri stabilurobis erTaderT garantias fulis

emisiis mkacri gakontroleba warmoadgens.

lombarduli kreditebi da REPO operaciebi komerciuli bankebze sesxis

gacemis mTavar instrumentebs unda warmoadgendes da 2000 wlis bolosaTvis

komerciuli bankebis saerTo davalianebam 12 milion lars ar unda gadaaWarbos.

fulis masa da monetaruli koeficientebifulis masa da monetaruli koeficientebifulis masa da monetaruli koeficientebifulis masa da monetaruli koeficientebi

“2000 wlis fulad-sakredito da savaluto politikis ZiriTadi

mimarTulebebiT” gaTvaliswinebulma sarezervo fulis zrdam weliwadSi 16,3

procenti unda Seadginos. seb-s Tanaxmad, sabanko likvidurobis es done Seesabameba

wliuri inflaciis dones romelic, gegmis mixedviT 8 procentis farglebSi unda

SenarCundes.

sabiujeto krizisma da am krizisis dasaZlevad miRebulma zomebma larisadmi

ndobaze uaryofiTad imoqmeda. I da II kvartlebSi sarezervo fulis cvlilebebs

Soris mniSvnelovani sxvaoba arsebobda. 1999 wlis pirvel kvartalSi, igi 7 milioni

lariT (3 procentiT), xolo meore kvartalSi 41 milioni lariT (15 procentiT)

gaizarda, ramac imoqmeda fasebis doneze oqtombersa da noemberSi. 2000 wlis pirvel

kvartalSi, brunvaSi gamoSvebuli fulis 10,6 milioni lariT Semcirebis Sedegad,

moxda sarezervo fulis Semcireba 7,3 milioni laris odenobiT.

Tu gaviTvaliswinebT, rom araformaluri seqtoridan aSS dolaris Semosvla

grZeldeba, xolo larisadmi ndoba dabalia, ekonomikis maRali dolarizaciis

tendencia, rogorc Cans, 2000 welsac gagrZeldeba. depozitebis dolarizaciis done


saqarTvelos ekonomikis mimarTulebebi saqarTvelos ekonomikis mimarTulebebi saqarTvelos ekonomikis mimarTulebebi saqarTvelos ekonomikis mimarTulebebi ---- 2000 weli, #1 2000 weli, #1 2000 weli, #1 2000 weli, #1 43

2000 wlis pirvel kvartalSi, saSualod, 77,3 procents Seadgenda, rac aRemateba 1999

wlis saSualo wliur dones, romelic 76,7 procents Seadgenda.

komerciuli bankebis depozitebi dolarebSi sarezervo koeficientebs unda

Seesabamebodes. mimdinare sarezervo moTxovna, yvela depozitis (garda bankTaSorisi

depozitebis) 16 procents (metwilad larebSi) Seadgens1. es depozitebis dazRvevis

erTaderTi instrumentia, romelic warmoadgens ufro administraciul, vidre

sabazro instruments. depozitebis maRali dolarizaciis pirobebSi, komerciuli

bankebi arCeven savaldebulo rezervebis Senaxvas ucxouri valiutis saxiT, rac

damaxasiaTebelia maRali dolarizaciisa da inflaciis mqone qveynebisTvis. Tumca, es

sadao sakiTxia. erTis mxriv, xdeba seb-is saerTaSoriso rezervbis Sevseba, xolo

meores mxriv qveyanaSi laris devalvaciis riski dabalia. seb-i agreTve did

Zalisxmevas iyenebs sabazro instrumentebis ganviTarebisaTvis da arsebobs

garkveuli SesaZlebloba, rom momavalSi sarezervo moTxovnebi Semcirdeba.

cxrili 4.1: monetaruli koeficientebicxrili 4.1: monetaruli koeficientebicxrili 4.1: monetaruli koeficientebicxrili 4.1: monetaruli koeficientebi

2000i ani ani ani an TebTebTebTeb marmarmarmar

savaldebulo rezervebi / k/b-ebis sadepozito

valdebulebebi % 15.1 15.3 15.6

k/b-ebis sakorespondento angariSebi seb-Si / k/b-

ebis sadepozito valdebulebebi % 9.9 8.5 8.6

naRdi fuli k/b-ebSi / k/b-ebis sadepozito

valdebulebebi % 8.6 5.9 7.2

k/b-ebis rezervebis saerTo Tanxa / k/b-ebis

sadepozito valdebulebebi % 33.7 29.8 31.4

dolarizaciis koeficienti % 78.6 76.7 76.5

fulis multiplikatori ( M2) 0.91 0.95 0.94

fulis multiplikatori ( M3) 1.46 1.52 1.49 wyaro: sem-is gaangariSeba saqarTvelos erovnuli bankis mier mowodebul monacemTa safuZvelze.

SeniSvna: 1999 wlis monacemebi ix. sem-is wina gamocemaSi.

2000 wlis pirvel kvartalSi fulis saSualo multiplikatori M2 0,94

procenti iyo xolo 1999 wels 0,96 procents Seadgenda,. fulis saSualo

multiplikatori M3 igive darCa rac 1999 wels, anu 1,5 procenti. (ix. zemoT

mocemuli cxrili).

2000 wlis pirveli kvartlis ganmavlobaSi M2 (farTo fuli) 4 milioni lariT

gaizarda, maSin rodesac 1999 wlis pirvel kvartalSi zrdam 35 milioni lari

Seadgina. 2000 wlis pirvel kvartalSi depozitebi larebSi gaizarda 8,3 milioni

lariT, rac odnav aRemateba depozitebs ucxour valutaSi. 1999 wels, laris

depozitebi 6,8 milioni lariT Semcirda, xolo depozitebi ucxour valutaSi 51

milioni lariT gaizarda.

1 seb-ma komerciuli bankebisaTvis aucilebeli rezervebis angariSebze aricxavs 8 procents (navaraudevi wliuri inflacia).


44 saqarTvelos ekonomikis mimarTulebsaqarTvelos ekonomikis mimarTulebsaqarTvelos ekonomikis mimarTulebsaqarTvelos ekonomikis mimarTulebebi ebi ebi ebi ---- 2000 weli, #1 2000 weli, #1 2000 weli, #1 2000 weli, #1

nax. 4.1: Ffulis masanax. 4.1: Ffulis masanax. 4.1: Ffulis masanax. 4.1: Ffulis masa

0

50 ,0 0 0

10 0 ,0 0 0

15 0 ,0 0 0

2 0 0 ,0 0 0

2 50 ,0 0 0

3 0 0 ,0 0 0

3 5 0 ,0 0 0

4 0 0 ,0 0 0

4 50 ,0 0 0

5 0 0 ,0 0 0

J a n

1 9 9 8

M ar M ay Jul S e p N o v i a n

1 9 9 9

m ar m a i i vl s e q n o e i a n

2 0 0 0

m ar

aTas

i l

ari

aTas

i l

ari

aTas

i l

ari

aTas

i l

ari

d e p o z i t e b i u c xo u rv al u t aS i

d e p o z i t e b ier o v n u l v al u t aS i

b a n k e b i s g ar eTar s e b u l i f u l i

M 3

M 2

M 0

wyaro: seb-s monacemebi

finansuri instrumentebifinansuri instrumentebifinansuri instrumentebifinansuri instrumentebi


mimarTulebebis” Tanaxmad, salombardo kreditebi da REPO operaciebi unda gaxdes

komerciul bankebze sesxis gacemis mTavari instrumentebi.

salombardo kreditebis meqanizmi oficialurad SemoRebul iqna 1997 wlis

agvistoSi. 1997-1998 wlebSi seb-ma ver moaxerxa salombardo kreditebis operaciebis

ganviTareba imis gamo, rom saxazino valdebulebebis saprocento ganakveTebi

aRemateboda sakredito auqcionebsa da bankTaSoris sakredito bazrebze arsebul

ganakveTebs. amis Sedegad seb-s mier gacemuli sesxi, sxva wyaroebTan SedarebiT,

ufro ZviradRirebuli iyo. 1999 wlis 30 dekembers, seb-ma ganaaxlo salombardo

kreditis auqcionebi. seb-ma gamouSva 479 aTasi lari 7-dRiani dafarvis vadiT.

saprocento ganakveTis gaangariSeba moxda ukanaskneli saxazino valdebulebebis

auqcionze dawesebuli wliuri saSualo Sewonili saprocento ganakveTis 5 punqtis

momatebiT. (ix. cxrili 4.5). salombardo kreditis wliuri saprocento ganakveTi 17,5

procents Seadgenda, rac bankTaSorisi sakredito auqcionebis saprocento ganakveTze

ufro dabali iyo. 2000 wlis pirvel salombardo kreditis auqcioni ar Semdgara.

1998 wlis krizisis Semdeg seb-ma, specialuri urTierTSeTanxmebis

memorandumis safuZvelze, uprocento kreditebis saxiT gamouyo sesxi im komerciul

bankebs, romlebic likvidurobasTan dakavSirebuli problemis winaSe aRmoCndnen. 1999

wels yvela specialuri krediti daifara da likvidurobis problemis dasaZlevad

garkveuli nabijebi iqna gadadgmuli. magram dakreditebis es meTodi unda Seicvalos

salombardo kreditebiTa da REPO operaciebiT2. dRes, bankTaSorisi sakredito

2 seb-sa da komerciul bankebs Soris gaformdeba yidva-gayidvis SeTanxmeba maszed, rom komerciuli banki seb-sagan Seisyidian saxazino valdebulebebs, romlebsac seb-i Semdgom, gansazRvruli vadis ganmavlobaSi, gansazRvrul fasSi gamoisyidis.



auqcionebi da sarezervo moTxovnebi sabanko likvidurobis gakontrolebis

erTaderT instrumentebs warmoadgens (ix. winamdebare paragrafi). 2000 wlis pirvel

kvartalSi salombardo kreditebi da REPO operaciebi ar ganxorcielebula.

saxazino valdebulebebisaxazino valdebulebebisaxazino valdebulebebisaxazino valdebulebebi

sabiujeto krizisma, savaliuto kursis reJimis Secvlam da laris

gaufasurebam 1998 wlis bolos finansur bazarze uaryofiTi gavlena moaxdina. 1999

wels Sida finansur bazarze aqtiuroba mniSvnelovnad Semcirda da mxolod

ucxouri valutisa da sakredito bazriT Semoifargleboda. privatizaciis procesis

neli tempiT ganxorcielebisa da ganuviTarebeli safondo birJis gamo, sawarmoTa

fasiani qaRaldebis Camoyalibebuli bazari praqtikulad ar arsebobda. saxazino

valdebulebebis bazari amoqmedda 1997 wlis agvistoSi, magram bolo emisia

ganxorcielda 1998 wlis agvistoSi. mas Semdeg, seb-is krediti adgilobrivi biujetis

deficitis dafinansebis erTaderTi wyaro gaxda. 1999 wlis saxelmwifo biujetis

kanoni iTvaliswinebda saxazino valdebulebebis meSveobiT adgilobrivi biujetis

dafinansebas 9,2 milioni laris odenobiT. 1999 wlis agvistoSi finansTa saministrom

ganaaxla saxazino valdebulebebis emisia seb-s mier gamarTuli auqcionebis gziT.

investorTa mosazidad, seb-ma neba darTo komerciul bankebs savaldebulo rezervis

16 procentidan 2 procenti saxazino valdebulebebis saxiT SeevsoT. amasTan, 1997-1998

wlebSi dawesebuli 5 procentis nacvlad, seb-ma komerciul bankebs likvidur

nawilad CauTvala saxazino valdebulebaTa portfelis 10 procenti. am RonisZiebam

gazarda komerciuli bankebis daintereseba saxazino valdebulebebis bazris mimarT.

saxazino valdebulebebis auqcionebis monacemebi naCvenebia cxrilSi 4.2. emisiebis

moculoba didi ar iyo: maqsimumi Seadgenda 900 aTas lars, xolo minimumi - 148 aTas

lars. ganxorcielda saxazino valdebulebebis 28- da 91-dRiani emisiebi. SedarebiT

grZelvadiani emisisebi investorebSi nakleb interess iwvevda rac, albaT, ucxouri

valiutis riskTan iyo dakavSirebuli. saxazino valdebulebebis Sewonili wliuri

saSualo saprocento ganakveTi Seadgenda 10,2 procents 28-dRiani emisiisTvis da 19

procents - 91-dRiani emisiisTvis. 2000 wlis 1 ianvris mdgomareobiT, saxazino

valdebulebebis mTliani moculoba 3,9 milioni lars Seadgenda; aqedan 1,7 milioni

lari wminda sabiujeto dafinansebis wilad modis. marTalia, aRniSnuli Tanxebi

sakmarisi ar iyo raTa biujetis deficitis dafarava mTlianad momxdariyo, magram es

mniSvnelovani iyo bazris ganviTarebis TvalsazrisiT da rogorc biujetis

dafinansebis alternatiuli wyaro.



cxrili 4.2: saxazino valdebulebebis auqcionebicxrili 4.2: saxazino valdebulebebis auqcionebicxrili 4.2: saxazino valdebulebebis auqcionebicxrili 4.2: saxazino valdebulebebis auqcionebi

dafarvadafarvadafarvadafarvaTariRiTariRiTariRiTariRi emisiis emisiis emisiis emisiis

moculobamoculobamoculobamoculoba

saangariSssaangariSssaangariSssaangariSs

worebo worebo worebo worebo

fasifasifasifasi

periodi periodi periodi periodi

(dRe)(dRe)(dRe)(dRe)

svsvsvsv -s -s -s -s

ganakveTi ganakveTi ganakveTi ganakveTi

(saSualo (saSualo (saSualo (saSualo

Sewonili) Sewonili) Sewonili) Sewonili)

ZiriTadi ZiriTadi ZiriTadi ZiriTadi

Tanxa Tanxa Tanxa Tanxa

diskontidiskontidiskontidiskonti sulsulsulsul yovelkvireuli yovelkvireuli yovelkvireuli yovelkvireuli

dafinansebadafinansebadafinansebadafinanseba

biujetis biujetis biujetis biujetis

SevsebaSevsebaSevsebaSevseba

18/08/99 500,000 494,414 28 14.76 0 0 0 494,414 494,414

15/09/99 700,000 692,761 28 13.62 494,414 5,586 500,000 192,761 687,175

13/10/99 900,000 865,783 91 15.84 692,761 7,239 700,000 165,783 852,959

27/10/99 500,000 495,227 28 12.56 0 0 0 495,227 1,346,185

10/11/99 148,000 141,062 91 19.75 0 0 0 141,062 1,489,247

24/11/99 500,000 495,003 91 13.16 495,227 4,773 500,000 -4,997 1,484,250

22/12/99 700,000 693,340 28 12.52 495,003 4,997 500,000 193,340 1,677,590

12/1/00 700,000 693,185 28 12.77 865,783 34,217 900,000 -206,815 1,470,777

26/1/00 700,000 693,722 28 13.62 693,722 1,464,498

9/2/00 1,000,000 991,046 28 11.78 834,247 13,753 848,000 143,046 1,607,544

23/2/00 900,000 895,466 28 11.01 693,722 6,278 700,000 1,924,566 1,800,010

8/3/00 1,100,000 1,091,631 28 9.99 991,046 8,954 1,000,000 91,631 1,891,641

22/3/00 1,100,000 1,091,785 28 9.81 892,466 7,534 900,000 191,785 2,083,426 w

yaro: saqarTvelos erovnuli banki

2000 wlis pirvel kvartalSi Catarda eqvsi 28-dRiani saxazino valdebulebebis

auqcionebi. aRiniSneboda saprocento ganakveTebis klebis tendencia, xolo emisiebis

moculoba izrdeboda. seb-s mTavar mizans meoradi bazris ganviTareba warmoadgens,

rac garkveul Zalisxmevas saWiroebs rogorc seb-is, aseve komerciuli bankebis

mxridan.

bankTaSorisi sakredito auqcionebibankTaSorisi sakredito auqcionebibankTaSorisi sakredito auqcionebibankTaSorisi sakredito auqcionebi

2000 wlis pirvel kvartalSi, 7-dRiani sakredito auqcionebis saerTo

moculobam 23,8 milioni lari Seadgina. seb-is mier aRebulma sesxebma 19 milioni

lari Seadgina; saSualo saprocento ganakveTi 22,7 procenti iyo. (ix. cxrili A4.5).

2000 wlis pirvel kvartalSi, 30-dRiani auqcionebis saerTo moculobam 5,5

milioni lari, bankTaSorisma vaWrobam 1,5 milioni lari, xolo wliurma saprocento

ganakveTma 26 procenti Seadgina. 2000 wlis pirvel kvartalSi, 60-dRiani sakredito

auqcionebis moculobam 100 aTasi Seadgina. Catarda mxolod erTi auqcioni, sadac

wliuri saprocento ganakveTi 26 procenti iyo. 1998 wels gaiyida 4,5 milioni lari,

xolo 1999 wels - sul 812 aTasi lari. 2000 wlis pirvel kvartalSi 90-dRiani

sakredito auqcionebi ar gamarTula, vinaidan bankebma savaluto riskis Tavidan

acileba arCies. igive moxda 1999 welsac.



sesxebisa da depozitebis struqtura, saprocento ganakveTebisesxebisa da depozitebis struqtura, saprocento ganakveTebisesxebisa da depozitebis struqtura, saprocento ganakveTebisesxebisa da depozitebis struqtura, saprocento ganakveTebi

nax. 4.2: sapronax. 4.2: sapronax. 4.2: sapronax. 4.2: saprocento ganakveTebicento ganakveTebicento ganakveTebicento ganakveTebi

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

dek-95

Teb

apr

ivn

agv

oqt

dek-96

Teb

apr

ivn

agv

oqt

dek-97

Teb

apr

ivn

agv

oqt

dek-98

Teb

apr

ivn

agv

oqt

dek-99

Teb

vadian i depozitebil arebSi

sesxebi l arebSi

sesxebi ucxour valutaSi

vadian i depozitebiucxour valutaSi

wyaro: saqarTvelos erovnuli banki

1999 wels, saprocento ganakveTebi laris depozitebze klebis tendencias

asaxavdnen. nominaluri saprocento ganakveTebi ucxouri valiutis depozitebze

agreTve daeca, Tumca es vardna SedarebiT nela moxda. 2000 wlis pirvel kvartalSi

igive mdgomareoba SenarCunda. saprocento ganakveTi vadian depozitebze larebSi

kvlavac ufro dabali iyo vidre ucxour valutaSi rac, laris SemoRebis Semdeg

komerciuli bankebis mier savaluto riskisagan Tavis dazRvevis saSualebas asaxavs.

1998 wels garkveuli winsvla aRiniSna larebisa da ucxouri valutis depozitebs

Soris marJis SemcirebaSi, Tumca krizisis Semdeg, imave wlis bolos marJa gaizarda.

1999 wlis oqtombridan marJa met-naklebad stabiluri rCeboda. 2000 wlis pirvel

kvartalSi larebze gasesxebis procenti gaizarda, rac rogorc Cans, savaluto

riskis amsaxvelia.

Sida inflaciaSida inflaciaSida inflaciaSida inflacia


mimarTulebebi” mTavar miznad isaxavs inflaciis SenarCunebas 8 procentis

farglebSi. inflaciis gakontrolebis saukeTeso meqanizms mkacri monetaruli

politika warmoadgens, Tumca 2000 wels didi mniSvneloba mieniWeba fiskaluri

seqtoris mdgomareobis gaumjobisebas. im SemTxvevaSi, Tu seb-i moaxerxebs

mTavrobisaTvis pirdapiri kreditebis gacemas Tavdapirveli gegmis mixedviT da Tu

2000 wlis biujetis kanonSi Semdgomi cvlilebebis Setana aRar moxdeba (rogorc es

1999 wels moxda), wliuri inflaciis gegmuri donis SenarCuneba SesaZlebeli iqneba.

ssd-s monacemebis Tanaxmad, 2000 wlis ianvarSi fasebis done mxolod 0,4

procentiT gaizarda, xolo Tebervalsa da martSi Sesabamisad 0,2 da 0,1 procentiT

daeca miuxedavad imisa, rom benzinsa da sawvavze fasebma moimata (ix. cxrili A4.6).



fulis masis TvalsazrisiT 2000 wlis pirvel kvartalSi sarezervo fulis

moculoba Semcirda da amdenad, laris gacvliT kursze zewola ar yofila.

valutis gacvliTi kursivalutis gacvliTi kursivalutis gacvliTi kursivalutis gacvliTi kursi

Tbilisis bankTaSoris savaluto birJaze ianvarSi ganxorcielebuli

garigebebis mTlianma moculobam Seadgina 6,9 milioni aSS dolari, TebervalSi 9,4,

xolo martSi 9,3 milioni aSS dolari. Tbsb-is mTlianma brunvam 25,7 milioni aSS

dolari Seadgina, saidanac 3,2 milioni aSS dolari seb-s mier iqna Sesyiduli.

2000 w. martSi, wminda saerTaSoriso rezervebi gaizarda, rac asaxavda

1995-1996 ww. germanul kompania KfW-isgan energoseqtorisaTvis miRebul sesxs,

romelic seb-is angariSzei sxva sagareo valdebulebebis saxiT iqna CarTuli,.

cxrili 4.3: laris nominaluri da realuri gacvliTi kursebi cxrili 4.3: laris nominaluri da realuri gacvliTi kursebi cxrili 4.3: laris nominaluri da realuri gacvliTi kursebi cxrili 4.3: laris nominaluri da realuri gacvliTi kursebi

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

ian 99 Teb mar apr mai ivn ivl agv seq oqt noe dek ian 00 Teb mar

1994 w

. dekember

i = 100

lari/aSSdolarilari/rubli

wyaro: saqarTvelos erovnuli bankis monacemebi....

2000 wlis pirvel kvartalSi, gacvlis nominaluri kursi stabiluri rCeboda,

mkveTri meryeobis gareSe. fasebis donem umniSvnelod moimata (ix. cxrili A4.6). ianvarSi lari/dolaris realuri gacvlis kursi daeca da Semdgom, mcireodeni

mateba aRiniSna Tebervalsa da martSi. 2000 wlis Tebervalsa da martSi agreTve

gaizarda lari/aSS dolaris realuri gacvlis kursic am TveebSi saqarTveloSi

momxdari deflaciis gamo.

Tavi mexuTe. saerTaSoriso vaWroba da sagareo ekonomikuri Tavi mexuTe. saerTaSoriso vaWroba da sagareo ekonomikuri Tavi mexuTe. saerTaSoriso vaWroba da sagareo ekonomikuri Tavi mexuTe. saerTaSoriso vaWroba da sagareo ekonomikuri

urTierTobebiurTierTobebiurTierTobebiurTierTobebi


ÓÀÅÀàÒÏ ÔÅÉÒÈÁÒÖÍÅÀ ÞÉÒÉÈÀÃ ÓÀÅÀàÒÏ ÐÀÒÔÍÉÏÒÉ ØÅÄÚÍÄÁÈÀÍ ÓÀÁàÏÈÀ ÐÄÒÉÏÃÉÓÀÂÀÍ ÂÀÍÓáÅÀÅÄÁÉÈ, ÒÏÃÄÓÀÝ ÓÀØÀÒÈÅÄËÏÓ ÞÉÒÉÈÀÃÉ ÐÀÒÔÍÉÏÒÄÁÉ ÓÀÂÀÒÄÏ ÅÀàÒÏÁaSi ÉÚÅÍÄÍ ÓÀÁàÏÈÀ ÊÀÅÛÉÒÛÉ ÛÄÌÀÅÀËÉ ØÅÄÚÍÄÁÉ, ÃÙÄÉÓÀÈÅÉÓ ØÅÄÚÍÉÓ ÓÀÅÀàÒÏ ÌÉÌÀÒÈÖËÄÁÄÁÉ ÌÄÔÀÃ ÌÒÀÅÀËÌáÒÉÅÉÀ. ÓÀØÀÒÈÅÄËÏÓ ÂÀÀÜÍÉÀ ÓÀÅÀàÒÏ ÖÒÈÉÄÒÈÏÁÄÁÉ ÀÓÆÄ ÌÄÔ ÓÀÅÀàÒÏ ÐÀÒÔÍÉÏÒ ØÅÄÚÀÍÀÓÈÀÍ, ÌÀÈÂÀÍ ÞÉÒÉÈÀÃÉ ÐÀÒÔÍÉÏÒÄÁÉ ÓÀÅÀàÒÏ ÔÅÉÒÁÒÖÍÅÉÈ ÍÀÜÅÄÍÄÁÉÀ ØÅÄÌÏT ÌÏÚÅÀÍÉËÉ ÝáÒÉËSi (Éá. ÝáÒÉËÉ 5.1). ÌmsoÏ-ÛÉ ÂÀßÄÅÒÉÀÍÄÁÉÓ ÛÄÌÃÄÂ ÓÀØÀÒÈÅÄËÏ ÓÀÒÂÄÁËÏÁÓ ÅÀàÒÏÁÉÓ ÖÐÉÒÀÔÄÓÉ áÄËÛÄßÚÏÁÉÓ ÒÄÑÉÌÉÈ, ÒÀÝ ÈÀÅÉÓÈÀÅÀÃ gavlenas iqoniebs ÅÀàÒÏÁÉÓ ÛÄÌÃÂÏÌ ÒÄÏÒÉÄÍÔÀÝÉÀÆÄ. ÝáÒÉËÉ 5.1: ÓÀÂÀÒÄÏ ÓÀÅÀàÒÏ ÁÒÖÍÅÀ ÃÀ ÅÀàÒÏÁÉÓ ÌÉÌÀÒÈÖËÄÁÄÁÉ 2000, 1 ÊÅ (ÀÈÀÓÉ ÀÛÛ ÃÏËÀÒÉ, ÐÒÏÝÄÍÔÉ) ÓÀÂÀÒÄÏ ÓÀÅÀàÒÏ ÔÅÉÒÈÁÒÖÍÅÀ 2000 1ÊÅ

aTasi aSS dolariaTasi aSS dolariaTasi aSS dolariaTasi aSS dolari ÐÒÏÝÄÍÔÉ ÓÖË 211,741 100%

ÞÉÒÉÈÀÃÉ ÐÀÒÔÍÉÏÒÉ ØÅÄÚÍÄÁÉ 168,199 79,5 ÓÏÌáÄÈÉ 9,194 4,3 ÀÆÄÒÁÀÉãÀÍÉ 8,416 3,9 ÂÄÒÌÀÍÉÀ 21,969 10,3 ÃÉÃÉ ÁÒÉÔÀÍÄÈÉ 4,863 2,2 ÉÀÐÏÍÉÀ 6,424 3 ÒÖÓÄÈÉ 56,306 26,5

ÛÅÄÉÝÀÒÉÀ 6,359 3 ÈÖÒØÄÈÉ 32,965 15,5 ÖÊÒÀÉÍÀ 11,238 5,3 ÀÛÛ 10,461 5 ÃÀÍÀÒÜÄÍÉ ØÅÄÚÍÄÁÉ ÓÖË 43,546 20,5 ßÚÀÒÏ: ÓÀØÀÒÈÅÄËÏÓ ÓÔÀÔÉÓÔÉÊÉÓ ÓÀáÄËÌßÉ×Ï ÃÄÐÀÒÔÀÌÄÍÔÉ ÉÓ ×ÀØÔÉ, ÒÏÌ ÓÀØÀÒÈÅÄËÏÓ ÌÈËÉÀÍÉ ÄØÓÐÏÒÔÉÓ 16 ÐÒÏÝÄÍÔÉ ÌÏÃÉÓ ÄÅÒÏÂÀÄÒÈÉÀÍÄÁÉÓ ØÅÄÚÍÄÁÆÄ, 5 ÐÒÏÝÄÍÔÉ ÊÉ ÀÛÛ-ÆÄ, ÌÉÖÈÉÈÄÁÓ rom ØÀÒÈÖËma ÄØÓÐÏÒÔma ÛÄaRwia ÉÓÄÈi maRali konkurenciis mqone ÁÀÆÒÄÁÆÄ, ÒÏÂÏÒÉÝÀÀ ÄÅÒÏÐÉÓÀ ÈÖ ÀÌÄÒÉÊÉÓ ÁÀÆÀÒÉ. ÌÈËÉÀÍÉ ÄØÓÐÏÒÔÉÓ 0.5 ÐÒÏÝÄÍÔÉ ÌÏÃÉÓ ÀÌÄÒÉÊÉÓ ÊÏÍÔÉÍÄÍÔÉÓ ÓáÀ ØÅÄÚÍÄÁÆÄ. ÝáÒÉËÉ 5.2: ÃÀ ÝáÒÉËÉ 5.3: ÂÅÉÜÅÄÍÄÁÓ ÓÀØÀÒÈÅÄËÏÓ ÄØÓÐÏÒÔÉÓ ÌÉÌÀÒÈÖËÄÁÄÁÓ ÒÄÂÉÏÍÄÁÉÓÀ ÃÀ ØÅÄÚÍÄÁÉÓ ÌÉáÄÃÅÉÈ.

ÝáÒÉËÉ 5.2: ÓÀØÀÒÈÅÄËÏÓ ÄØÓÐÏÒÔÉ ÃÀÍÉÛÍÖËÄÁÉÓ ÀÃÂÉËÉÓ ÌÉáÄÃÅÉÈ (ÀÈÀÓÉ ÀÛÛ ÃÏËÀÒÉ)

1997 1ÊÅ 1997 2ÊÅ 1997 3ÊÅ 1997 4ÊÅ 1998 1ÊÅ 1998 2ÊÅ 1998 3ÊÅ 1998 4ÊÅ 1999 1ÊÅ 1999 2ÊÅ 1999 3ÊÅ 1999 4ÊÅ 2000 1ÊÅ

ÃÓÈ 17,317 38,916 35,315 45,777 22,666 30,451 30,284 23,833 17,309 27,472 34,631 27,684 20,348 ÄÅÒÏ-ÊÅÀÅÛÉÒÉ

7,928 5,875 2,242 6,552 5,801 8,92 8,973 14,655 12,186 9,879 9,216 17,653 16,074

ÀÛÛ 291 1,494 2,117 317 1,762 4,582 628 4,131 916 1,655 3,424 3,984 1,089 ÓáÅÄÁÉ 12,255 16,699 15,819 19,031 8,69 11,172 8,777 8,1 7,08 16,797 15,232 29,522 23,209 ßÚÀÒÏ: ÓÀØÀÒÈÅÄËÏÓ ÓÔÀÔÉÓÔÉÊÉÓ ÓÀáÄËÌßÉ×Ï ÃÄÐÀÒÔÀÌÄÍÔÉ

saerTaSoriso vaWroba da sagareo ekonomikuri urTierTobebisaerTaSoriso vaWroba da sagareo ekonomikuri urTierTobebisaerTaSoriso vaWroba da sagareo ekonomikuri urTierTobebisaerTaSoriso vaWroba da sagareo ekonomikuri urTierTobebi

saqarTvelos ekonomikis mimarTulebebi _ 20saqarTvelos ekonomikis mimarTulebebi _ 20saqarTvelos ekonomikis mimarTulebebi _ 20saqarTvelos ekonomikis mimarTulebebi _ 2000 weli, #100 weli, #100 weli, #100 weli, #1 50

ÝáÒÉËÉ 5.3: ÓÀØÀÒÈÅÄËÏÓ ÉÌÐÏÒÔÉ ÒÄÂÉÏÍÄÁÉÓ, ØÅÄÚÍÄÁÉÓ ÃÀ ÌÉÓÉ ßÀÒÌÏÛÏÁÉÓ ÌÉáÄÃÅÉÈ (ÀÈÀÓÉ ÀÛÛ ÃÏËÀÒÉ)

1997 1ÊÅ

1997 2Ê 1997 3ÊÅ 1997 4ÊÅ 1998 1ÊÅ 1998 2ÊÅ 1998 3ÊÅ 1998 4ÊÅ 1999 1ÊÅ 1999 2ÊÅ 1999 3ÊÅ 1999 4ÊÅ 2000 1ÊÅ

ÃÓÈ 74,661 79,579 80,008 104,471 65,416 76,886 53,904 85,017 61,468 49,975 51,689 46,415 69,881 ÄÅÒÏ-ÊÀÅÛÉÒÉ

35,889 49,365 54,562 52,303 48,536 82,427 96,244 49,144 34,339 31,678 31,319 34,245 24,991

ÀÛÛ 19,673 15,086 13,102 22,36 20,263 14,443 11,989 29,655 14,914 23,954 9,834 22,865 9,371 ÓáÅÄÁÉ 57,24 88,238 116,691 67,439 75,922 122,033 82,455 48,93 26,591 46,931 50,528 49,191 46,778 ßÚÀÒÏ: ÓÀØÀÒÈÅÄËÏÓ ÓÔÀÔÉÓÔÉÊÉÓ ÓÀáÄËÌßÉ×Ï ÃÄÐÀÒÔÀÌÄÍÔÉ ÄØÓÐÏÒÔÉ, ÉÌÐÏÒÔÉ ÃÀ ÓÀÅÀàÒÏ ÁÀËÀÍÓÉ 2000 ßËÉÓ ÐÉÒÅÄËÉ ÊÅÀÒÔËÉÓÈÅÉÓ ÓÀØÀÒÈÅÄËÏÓ ÓÀÅÀàÒÏ ÁÀËÀÍÓÉ ÛÄÃÀÒÄÁÉÈ ÖÊÄÈ ÂÀÌÏÉÚÖÒÄÁÀ. ÓÀÅÀàÒÏ ÃÄ×ÉÝÉÔÌÀ ÛÄÀÃÂÉÍÀ ÀÛÛ 90,3 ÌÉËÉÏÍÉ ÃÏËÀÒÉ, ÒÀÝ ÀÛÛ 31 ÌÉËÉÏÍÉ ÃÏËÀÒÉÈ ÍÀÊËÄÁÉÀ ÂÀÓÖËÉ ßËÉÓ ÐÉÒÅÄËÉ ÊÅÀÒtËÉÓ ÌÏÍÀÝÄÌÄÁÈÀÍ ÛÄÃÀÒÄÁÉÈ. ÄØÓÐÏÒÔÉÓ ÃÀ ÃÀ ÉÌÐÏÒÔÉÓ ÌÀÜÅÄÍÄÁËÄÁÉ ÛÄÓÀÁÀÌÉÓÀÃ 28 ÃÀ 72 ÐÒÏÝÄÍÔÉ ÉÚÏ. ÉÌÐÏÒÔÉ ÛÄÌÝÉÒÃÀ ÀÛÛ 12 ÌÉËÉÏÍÉ ÃÏËÀÒÉÈ, áÏËÏ ÄØÓÐÏÒÔÉ ÂÀÉÆÀÒÃÀ ÀÛÛ 23 ÌÉËÉÏÍÉÈ. ÓÀØÀÒÈÅÄËÏÓ ÖÀÒÚÏ×ÉÈÉ ÓÀÅÀàÒÏ ÁÀËÀÍÓÉ äØÏÍÃÀ 70 ÓÀÅÀàÒÏ ÐÀÒÔÍÉÏÒ ØÅÄÚÀÍÀÓÈÀÍ, áÏËÏ ÃÀÃÄÁÉÈÉ ÓÀÅÀàÒÏ ÁÀËÀÍÓÉ 18 ØÅÚÀÍÀÓÈÀÍ, ÒÏÌÄËÈÀÂÀÍÀÝ ÀÛÛ 1 ÌÉËÉÏÍÉ ÃÏËÀÒÆÄ ÌÄÔÉ ÃÀÃÄÁÉÈÉ ÓÀÅÀàÒÏ ÁÀËÀÍÓÉ ÓÀØÀÒÈÅÄËÏÓ äØÏÍÃÀ ÈÖÒØÄÈÈÀÍ ÃÀ ÓÉÒÉÀÓÈÀÍ. ÍÀáÀÔÉ 5.1: ÂÅÉÜÅÄÍÄÁÓ ÄØÓÐÏÒÔÉÓ, ÉÌÐÏÒÔÉÓ ÃÀ ÓÀÅÀàÒÏ ÁÀËÀÍÓÉÓ ÝÅÀËÄÁÀÃÏÁÀÓ, 1995 ßËÉÃÀÍ ÃÙÄÅÀÍÃËÀÌÃÄ. ÍÀáÀÔÉ 5.1: ÄØÓÐÏÒÔÉ, ÉÌÐÏÒÔÉ ÃÀ ÓÀÅÀàÒÏ ÁÀËÀÍÓÉ, 1995 – 2000, ÊÅÀÔÀËÉ 1 (ÀÈÀÓÉ ÀÛÛ ÃÏËÀÒÉ)

ßÚÀÒÏ: ÓÀØÀÒÈÅÄËÏÓ ÓÔÀÔÉÓÔÉÊÉÓ ÓÀáÄËÌßÉ×Ï ÃÄÐÀÒÔÀÌÄÍÔÉ ÓÀØÀÒÈÅÄËÏÓ ÓÀÅÀàÒÏ ÃÄ×ÉÝÉÔÉÓ 55 ÐÒÏÝÄÍÔÉ ÌÏÃÉÓ ÃÓÈ-Ó ØÅÄÚÍÄÁÆÄ. ÌÈËÉÀÍÌÀ ÓÀÅÀàÒÏ ÔÅÉÒÈÁÒÖÍÅÀÌ ÃÓÈ-Ó ÓÉÅÒÝÄÛÉ ÛÄÀÃÂÉÍÀ ÀÛÛ 90 ÌÉËÉÏÍÉ ÃÏËÀÒÉ. ÒÖÓÄÈTan ÓÀÅÀàÒÏ balansÉÓ ÖÊÄÈ ÂÀÍÓÀáÉËÅÄËÀÃ, ØÅÄÌÏÈ ÌÏÚÅÀÍÉËÉÀ ÍÀáÀÔÉ 5.2: ÃÀ ÝáÒÉËÉ 5.4.

-300-275-250-225-200-175-150-125-100-75-50-25

0255075

100125150

1995 k1 k2 k3 k4

1996 k1 k2 k3 k4

1997 k1 k2 k3 k4

1998 k1 k2 k3 k4

1999 k1 k2 k3 k4

2000 k1

savaWro balansi eqsporti importi



ÍÀáÀÔÉ 5.2: ÓÀÅÀàÒÏ ÁÀËÀÍÓÉ ÒÖÓÄÈÈÀÍ, ÀÛÛ-ÓÈÀÍ, ÃÓÈ-ÓÀ ÃÀ ÄÅÒÏÂÀÄÒÈÉÀÍÄÁÉÓ ØÅÄÚÍÄÁÈÀÍ, ÊÅÀÒÔÀËÉ 1, 2000 (ÀÈÀÓÉ ÀÛÛ ÃÏËÀÒÉ)

ßÚÀÒÏ: ÓÀØÀÒÈÅÄËÏÓ ÓÔÀÔÉÓÔÉÊÉÓ ÓÀáÄËÌßÉ×Ï ÃÄÐÀÒÔÀÌÄÍÔÉ ÝáÒÉËÉ 5.4: ÉÌÐÏÒÔÉ ÒÄÂÉÏÍÄÁÉÓ, ØÅÄÚÍÄÁÉÓ ÃÀ ÌÉÓÉ ßÀÒÌÏÛÏÁÉÓ ÌÉáÄÃÅÉÈ, ÄØÓÐÏÒÔÉ ÃÀÍÉÛÍÖËÄÁÉÓ ÀÃÂÉËÉÓ ÌÉáÄÃÅÉÈ (ÀÈÀÓÉ ÀÛÛ ÃÏËÀÒÉ, ÐÒÏÝÄÍÔÉ)

ÄØÓÐÏÒÔÉ ÉÌÐÏÒÔÉ 2000 1ÊÅ ÀÈÀÓÉ ÀÛÛ ÃÏËÀÒÉ

ÐÒÏÝÄÍÔÉ ÀÈÀÓÉ ÀÛÛ ÃÏËÀÒÉ

ÐÒÏÝÄÍÔÉ

ÃÓÈ (ÂÀÒÃÀ ÒÖÓÄÈÉÓÀ)

8,826 14.5 25,097 16.6

ÄÅÒÏÂÀÄÒÈÉÀÍÄÁÀ 16,074 26.5 24,991 16.5

ÀÛÛ 1,089 1.7 9,371 6.2

ÓáÅÄÁÉ 23,209 38.2 46,778 30.9

ÒÖÓÄÈÉ 11,522 18.9 44,784 29.6

ßÚÀÒÏ: ÓÀØÀÒÈÅÄËÏÓ ÓÔÀÔÉÓÔÉÊÉÓ ÓÀáÄËÌßÉ×Ï ÃÄÐÀÒÔÀÌÄÍÔÉ ÄØÓÐÏÒÔÉÓ ÓÔÒÖØÔÖÒÀ ÃÀ ÌÉÌÀÒÈÖËÄÁÄÁÉ ÌÄÆÏÁÄËÉ ØÅÄÚÍÄÁÉ: ÒÖÓÄÈÉÓ ×ÄÃÄÒÀÝÉÀ, ÀÆÄÒÁÀÉãÀÍÉ, ÓÏÌáÄÈÉ ÃÀ ÈÖÒØÄÈÉ, ÒÜÄÁÉÀÍ ÓÀØÀÒÈÅÄËÏÓ ÄØÓÐÏÒÔÉÓ ÞÉÒÉÈÀÃ ÉÌÐÏÒÔÉÏÒÄÁÀÃ. ÀÂÒÄÈÅÄ ÛÄÓÀÌÜÍÄÅÉ ÆÒÃÀÀ ØÀÒÈÖËÉ ÄØÓÐÏÒÔÉÓ ÄÅÒÏÂÀÄÒÈÉÀÍÄÁÉÓ ØÅÄÚÍÄÁÉÓ ÌÉÌÀÒÈÖËÄÁÉÈÀÝ, ÂÄÒÌÀÍÉÀ ÄÒÈ-ÄÒÈÉ ÌÓáÅÉËÉ ÉÌÐÏÒÔÉÏÒÉÀ ØÀÒÈÖËÉ ÄØÓÐÏÒÔÉÓÀ. ÄØÓÐÏÒÔÉÓ ÆÒÃÀ ÀÛÛ 23 ÌÉËÉÏÍÉ ÃÏËÀÒÉÈ ÞÉÒÉÈÀÃÀÃ ÂÀÍÐÉÒÏÁÄÁÖËÉ ÉÚÏ ÓÀÓÏ×ËÏ ÓÀÌÄÖÒÍÄÏ ÐÒÏÃÖØÔÄÁÉs eqsportis zrdiT; ÌÀÈ ÛÏÒÉÓ ÜÀÉ, ÙÅÉÍÏ ÃÀ ÈáÉËÉ, ÀÒÉÓ ÖÌÓáÅÉËÄÓÉ ÄØÓÐÏÒÔÉÒÄÁÖËÉ ÐÒÏÃÖØÔebi ÓÀØÀÒÈÅÄËÏÃÀÍ. ÀÓÄÅÄ, ÁÖÍÄÁÒÉÅ ßÉÀÙÉÓÄÖËÆÄ ÃÀ×ÖÞÍÄÁÖËÉ ÉÍÃÖÓÔÒÉÄÁÉ, ÒÏÂÏÒÝÀÀ; ×ÄÒÏ-ÛÄÍÀÃÍÏÁÄÁÉ, ÀÆÏÔÉÓ ÓÀÓÖØÄÁÉ, ÞÅÉÒ×ÀÓÉ ËÉÈÏÍÉÓ ÌÀÃÍÄÁÉ ÃÀ ÊÏÝÄÍÔÒÀÔÄÁÉ, ãÀÒÈÉ; ÍÀÅÈÏÁÉ. ÌÉÌÃÉÍÀÒÄ ßËÉÓ ÐÉÒÅÄËÉ ÊÅÀÒÔËÉÓÈÅÉÓ ÖÌÓáÅÉËÄÓÉ ÄØÓÐÏÒÔÉÒÄÁÖËÉ ÐÒÏÃÖØÔÉ ÉÚÏ ÈáÉËÉ, Semdeg ÛÀÅÉ ËÉÈÏÍÉÓ ãÀÒÈÉ ÃÀ ×ÄÒÏ-ÛÄÍÀÃÍÏÁÄÁÉ (Éá. ÝáÒÉËÉ 1.6).

2000 1kv

-16271

-8917

-8282

-23262

-33262

dsT

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ÝáÒÉËÉ 5.5: ÄØÓÐÏÒÔÉÓ ÛÄÌÀÃÂÄÍÄËÉ ÐÒÏÃÖØÝÉÉÓ ÀÈÉ ÞÉÒÉÈÀÃÉ ãÂÖ×É (ÐÒÏÝÄÍÔÉ)

2000 1ÊÅ

ÄØÓÐÏÒÔÉ – ÓÖË (ÀÈÀÓÉ ÀÛÛ ÃÏËÀÒÉ) 60,720 - 100%

ÀÆÏÔÉÓ ÓÀÓÖØÄÁÉ 6,4ÍÄÃËÉ ÍÀÅÈÏÁÉ 3,1

×ÄÒÏ-ÛÄÍÀÃÍÏÁÄÁÉ 10,1ÌÉÍÄÒÀËÖÒÉ ßÚËÄÁÉ 2,7ÈáÉËÉ 11,5

ÞÅÉÒ×ÀÓ ËÉÈÏÍÈÀ ÌÀÃÀÍÉ ÃÀ ÊÏÍÝÄÍÔÒÀÔÄÁÉ 8,6ÀËÖÌÉÍÉÓ ãÀÒÈÉ 2,8ÛÀÅÉ ËÉÈÏÍÉÓ ãÀÒÈÉ 11,1

ÜÀÉ - ÀÒÏÌÀÔÉÆÉÒÄÁÖËÉ ÃÀ ÀÒÀ-ÀÒÏÌÀÔÉÆÉÒÄÁÖËÉ 2,6ÙÅÉÍÏ 4,9ÓáÅÀ 36,1 ßÚÀÒÏ: ÓÀØÀÒÈÅÄËÏÓ ÓÔÀÔÉÓÔÉÊÉÓ ÓÀáÄËÌßÉ×Ï ÃÄÐÀÒÔÀÌÄÍÔÉ ÉÌÐÏÒÔÉÓ ÓÔÒÖØÔÖÒÀ ÉÌÐÏÒÔÉÓ ÛÄÌÀÃÂÄÍÄËÉ ÐÒÏÃÖØÝÉÉÓ ãÂÖ×ÄÁÉ ÓÀÊÌÀÏÃ ÌÒÀÅÀË×ÄÒÏÅÀÍÉÀ, ÌÀÈ ÛÏÒÉÓ ÖÌÓáÅÉËÄÓÉ ÉÌÐÏÒÔÉÒÄÁÖËÉ ÐÒÏÃÖØÝÉÉÓ ãÂÖ×ÄÁÉ 2000 ßËÉÓ ÐÉÒÅÄËÉ ÊÅÀÒÔËÉÓÈÅÉÓ ÉÚÏ ÓÀÌÏÌáÌÀÒËÄÁÏ ÓÀØÏÍÄËÉ, ÒÏÂÏÒÉÝÀÀ; ÓÉÂÀÒÄÁÉ ÃÀ ÓÉÂÀÒÄÔÄÁÉ, ×ØÅÉËÉ, ÌÓÖÁÖØÉ ÀÅÔÏÌÏÁÉËÄÁÉ ÃÀ ×ÀÒÌÀÝÄÅÔÖËÉ ÐÒÏÃÖØÝÉÀ. ÄÍÄÒÂÏ ÌÀÔÀÒÄÁËÄÁÉ, ÒÏÂÏÒÉÝÀÀ; ÄËÄØÔÒÏÄÍÄÒÂÉÀ, ÁÖÍÄÁÒÉÅÉ ÀÉÒÉ, ÍÀÅÈÏÁÉ ÃÀ ÍÀÅÈÏÁÐÒÏÃÖØÔÄÁÉ. ßÉÍÀ ßËÉÓ ÉÂÉÅÄ ÐÄÒÉÏÃÈÀÍ ÛÄÃÀÒÄÁÉÈ ÉÌÐÏÒÔÉ ÂÀÉÆÀÒÃÀ ÀÛÛ 13 ÌÉËÉÏÍÉ ÃÏËÀÒÉÈ. ÄÓ ÞÒÃÀ ÞÉÒÉÈÀÃÀÃ ÛÄÃÂÄÍÉËÉÀ ÉÀÐÏÍÉÉÃÀÍ ÛÄÌÏÔÀÍÉËÉ ÓÀÓÏ×ËÏ-ÓÀÌÄÖÒÍÄÏ ÌÀÍØÀÍÀ-ÃÀÍÀÃÂÀÒÄÁÉÈ, ÓÀÌÄÃÉÝÉÍÏ áÄËÀÓÚÏÄÁÉÈ ÃÀ ÌÏßÚÏÁÉËÏÁÄÁÉÈ, ÒÀÌÀÝ ÌÈËÉÀÍÉ ÉÌÐÏÒÔÉÓ 46 ÐÒÏÝÄÍÔÉ ÛÄÀÃÂÉÍÀ. ÉÌÐÏÒÔÉÓ ßÚÀÒÏÄÁÉ ÌÍÉÓÅÍÄËÏÅÍÀÃ ÀÒ ÛÄÝÅËÉËÀ, ÉÌÐÏÒÔÉÓ ÌÈÀÅÒÉ ßÚÀÒÏÄÁÉ ÒÜÄÁÀ ÉÂÉÅÄ ÒÄÂÉÏÍÄÁÉ ÃÀ ØÅÄÚÍÄÁÉ. ÝáÒÉËÉ 5.6: ÂÅÉÜÅÄÍÄÁÓ ÀÈ ÖÌÓáÅÉËÄÓ ÐÒÏÃÖØÝÉÖË ãÂÖ×Ó 2000 ßËÉÓ ÉÀÍÅÒÉÃÀÍ ÀÐÒÉËÀÌÃÄ. ÝáÒÉËÉ 5.6: ÉÌÐÏÒÔÉÓ ÛÄÌÀÃÂÄÍÄËÉ ÐÒÏÃÖØÝÉÉÓ ÀÈÉ ÞÉÒÉÈÀÃÉ ãÂÖ×É (ÐÒÏÝÄÍÔÉ)

2000 1ÊÅ

ÉÌÐÏÒÔÉ - ÓÖË (ÀÈÀÓÉ ÀÛÛ ÃÏËÀÒÉ) 151,021 - 100%

ÓÉÂÀÒÄÁÉ ÃÀ ÓÉÂÀÒÄÔÄÁÉ 7,1 ÄËÄØÔÒÏÄÍÄÒÂÉÀ 5,7 ÓÏ×ËÉÓ ÌÄÖÒÍÄÏÁÉÓ ÌÀÍØÀÍÄÁÉ ÃÀ ÌÄØÀÍÉÆÌÄÁÉ 2,1

×ØÅÉËÉ 2 ÌÀÒÝÅËÄÖËÉ 4 ÌÓÖÁÖØÉ ÀÅÔÏÌÏÁÉËÄÁÉ 2,3

ÓÀÌÄÃÉÝÉÍÏ áÄËÓÀßÚÏÄÁÉ ÃÀ ÃÀÍÀÃÂÀÒÄÁÉ 2,1 ÁÖÍÄÁÒÉÅÉ ÀÉÒÉ 20,6 ÍÀÅÈÏÁÉ ÃÀ ÍÀÅÈÏÁÐÒÏÃÖØÔÄÁÉ 6,9

×ÀÒÌÀÝÄÔÖËÉ ÍÀßÀÒÌÉ 5,3 ÓáÅÀ 41,9

ßÚÀÒÏ: ÓÀØÀÒÈÅÄËÏÓ ÓÔÀÔÉÓÔÉÊÉÓ ÓÀáÄËÌßÉ×Ï ÃÄÐÀÒÔÀÌÄÍÔÉ



saqarTvelo da msosaqarTvelo da msosaqarTvelo da msosaqarTvelo da mso

20 aprils saqarTvelos parlamentma moaxdina saqarTvelos mso-Si gawevrianebis Sesaxeb SeTanxmebis ratifikacia. manamde, 1999 wlis 6 oqtombers, mso-s generalurma sabWom daamtkica saqarTvelos mxaris samuSao jgufis mier wardgenili moxseneba da e.w. “protokoli mso-Si Sesvlis Sesaxeb” (amas garda, xeli moewera agreTve Marakesh-s SeTanxmebasac, romliTac dasrulda Uruguay Raund-s molaparakebebi da safuZveli Caeyara mso-s daarsebas). saqarTvelom Seatyobina mso-s samdivnos dokumentis ratifikaciasTan dakavSirebiT parlamentSi mimdinare erovnuli procedurebis dasrulebis Taobaze da 14 ivniss mso-s 137-e wevri gaxda.

dRes, 30-mde qveyana (umeteswilad, yofili sabWoTa kavSiris respublikebi,

TurqmeneTisa da tajikeTis garda), awarmoebs molaparakebebs mso-So Sesvlis Taobaze. ukraina cdilobs daaCqaros mis mier mso-Si gawevrianebis procesi: ukrainis samuSao jgufma ukve 6 Sexvedra Caatara da kidev erTi Sexvedraa mosalodneli. am ramodenime xnis win, ukrainis samuSao jgufis Tavmjdomarem, b-ma marCma (romelic kanadis elCia), xazi gausva ukrainis mso-Si gawevrianebis mniSvnelobas - igi imedovnebs, rom progresi uaxloes TveebSi iqneba miRweuli. yirgizeTi, latvia da estoneTi ukve arian mso-s sruluflebiani wevrebi.

CanarTiCanarTiCanarTiCanarTi 5.1

CineTis gawevrianeba CineTis gawevrianeba CineTis gawevrianeba CineTis gawevrianeba msomsomsomso----SiSiSiSi

oficialurad, CineTma GATT-Si Sesvlis Taobaze ganacxadi 1986 wels gaakeTa. es Uruguay Raund-s molaaprakebebis dasawyisSi moxda. mas Semdeg, CineTis samuSao jgufis mier 9 Sexvedra Catarda. ormxrivi SeTanxmebebis CaTvliT, CineTma, mso-s 37 wevri qveynidan, romelmac saqonlisa da momsaxurebis bazarze SesvlaSi daintereseba gamoxata, 28 qveyanasTan gaaforma SeTanxmebebi. darCa mxolod 9 qveyana, kerZod, kosta rika, ekvadori, gvatemala, yirgizeTi, latvia, malaizia, meqsika, poloneTi da Sveicaria.

evrokavSirievrokavSirievrokavSirievrokavSiri----CinCinCinCineTis ormxrivi savaWro urTierTobebieTis ormxrivi savaWro urTierTobebieTis ormxrivi savaWro urTierTobebieTis ormxrivi savaWro urTierTobebi

evrokavSiri da CineTi msoflios ori yvelaze did bazars warmoadgenen. 1978

wlidan, evrokavSirsa da CineTs Soris vaWroba 10-jer metad gaizarda. dRes-dReobiT, evrokavSirisTvis, CineTi mesame yvelaze mniSvnelovani araevropeli savaWro partnioria iseve, rogorc evrokavSiri CineTisTvis. evrokavSiri Tvlis rom CineTis gareSe, mso msoflio organizacia ar aris da, amitom, mxars uWers CineTis mso-Si Sesvlis procesis daCqarebas. evrokavSirsa da CineTs Soris savaWro molaparakebebis yvelaze didi raundi gaimarTa 2000 wlis maisSi, romelic dagvirgvinda evrokavSirTan gaformebuli SeTanxmebiT. CineTma gamoxata Tanxmoba bazarze Sesvlis pirobebis gaumjobesebasTan dakavSirebiT sabanko, legaluri momsaxurebis, angariSgebis, turizmis, kavSirgabmulobis, sadazRveo da sxva sferoebSi. CineTma Seamcira importze dawesebuli tarifebi evropis 150-ze met mTavar saeqsporto saqonelTan mimarTebaSi (maT Soris, manqana-danadgarebze, keramikis da minis nawarmze, qsovilebze, tansacmelze, fexsacmelsa da tyavis nawarmze, kosmetikaze da alkoholur sasmelebze). saerTod, SeTanxmebuli tarifebis done meryeobs 8-10 farglebSi. bazarze Sesvlis pirobebi gaumjobesdeba evrokavSiris mTavari produqtebis mimarT (rogoricaa magaliTad, rapsis-mcenareuli zeTi, rZis nawarmi, pasta, Rvino da zeiTunis xili). evrokavSirsa da CineTs Soris gaformebuli sanitaruli da fitosanitariuli xelSekruleba garantiiT uzrunvelyobs CineTis mier mso-s SPS SeTanxmebis Taobaze wardgenil ganacxads da moagvarebs mTel rigs ormxrivi sakiTxebisa.

aSSaSSaSSaSS----CineTis savaWroCineTis savaWroCineTis savaWroCineTis savaWro urTierTobebi urTierTobebi urTierTobebi urTierTobebi



1999 wlis noemberSi CineTsa da aSS-s Soris gaformda ormxrivi SeTanxmebebi

bazarze daSvebis Sesaxeb. am SeTanxmebebs mieniWa istoriuli SeTanxmebis mniSvneloba, romelic daaCqarebs CineTis Sesvlas mso-Si, molaparakebebis Tanaxmad, aSS-s saerTo tarifebi unda Semcirdes saSualod 17 procentamde, xolo sasoflo-sameurneo produqtebze – 15 procentamde. Tavis mxriv, CineTma, mniSvnelovani liberalizacia unda moaxdinos iseTi saqonlis importze, rogoricaa magaliTad xorbali, bamba da sxva saerTo moxmarebis saqoneli. CineTi gaauqmebs arasatarifo qvotebs 5 wlis ganmavlobaSi. 2006 wlisTvis, CineTma unda Seamciros tarifebi importirebul avtomobilebze arsebuli 80-100 procentidan 20 procentamde, xolo ucxour finansur institutebs manqanebis Sesyidvis dafinansebis ufleba unda misces. mso-Si gawevrianebis dRidanve, CineTma unda dauSvas satelekomunikacio kompaniebSi ucxouri investiciebis dabandeba, romlis moculoba, 2 wlis ganmavlobaSi, 50 procentiT gaizrdeba. amasTan, mso-Si Sesvlidan 2 wlis Semdeg, CineTi nebas darTavs ucxour bankebs adgilobrivi valutiT awarmoon biznesi jer adgilobriv kompaniebTan, xolo 5 wlis Semdeg –individualurad, adgilobriv pirebTanac.

CineTi, agreTve, daTanxmda internetSi ucxouri investiciebis dabandebasTan

dakavSirebiT dawesebuli barieris gauqmebaze. es sakmaod mniSvnelovani daTmobebia da, Tu maTi ganxorcieleba srulad moxdeba, es bevrad gaumjobesebs im pirobebs, romliTac dRes, CineTis bazarze daSvebasTan dakavSirebiT, sargebloben ucxouri kompaniebi. CineTma, Tavis mxriv, miiRo koncesia qsovilebis mimarT: miuxedavad imisa, rom vaSingtoni iTxovda CineTis eqsportze dawesebuli qvotebis SenarCunebas 2010 wlamde, qvotebis gauqmeba 2005 wels moxdeba,

saqarTvelosaqarTvelosaqarTvelosaqarTvelo----evrokavSiris urTierTobebi.evrokavSiris urTierTobebi.evrokavSiris urTierTobebi.evrokavSiris urTierTobebi. saqarTvelos evrokavSirTan vaWroba. 1999 wlis ganmavlobaSi, saqarTvelos savaWro urTierTobebma evrokavSiris wevr qveynebTan 184,5 milioni aSS dolari Seadgina. wina welTan SedarebiT, saqarTvelos savaWro brunva evrokavSiris wevr qveynebTan 126,0 milioni aSS dolariT Semcirda. eqsporti gaizarda 12,7 milioni aSS dolariT, xolo importi - 138,7 milioni aSS dolariT Semcirda. cxrili 5.7cxrili 5.7cxrili 5.7cxrili 5.7: saqarTvelos vaWroba evrokavSiris qveynebTanGsaqarTvelos vaWroba evrokavSiris qveynebTanGsaqarTvelos vaWroba evrokavSiris qveynebTanGsaqarTvelos vaWroba evrokavSiris qveynebTanG (milioni aSS dolari)

weli weli weli weli brunva brunva brunva brunva eqsporti eqsporti eqsporti eqsporti importi importi importi importi balansi balansi balansi balansi

1997 231.2 20.2 211.0 -190.8 1998 310.5 36.7 273.6 -237.1 1999 184.4 49.4 135.1 -85.7

wyaro: vaWrobisa da sagareo ekonomikuri urTierTobebis saministro

1999 wels, germania saqarTvelos ZiriTadi savaWro partniori iyo. saqarTvelo-germanias Soris savaWro brunvam 68,7 milioni aSS dolari Seadgina, sadac saqarTvelos eqsportis wili 24,5 milion amerikuli dolaria, xolo importi 44,2 milionis warmoadgens. wina welTan SedarebiT saqarTvelo-germanias Soris savaWro brunva 26,7 milioni aSS dolariT Semcirda. saqarTvelos eqsporti gaizarda 11,3 milioni aSS dolariT, xolo importi Semcirda 38,0 milioni aSS dolariT. 1999 wlis periodSi saqarTvelos ZiriTad saeqsporto saqonels germaniaSi warmoadgenda: Zvirfasi liTonis madani, Txili da kakali da azotis sasuqebi. amave



periodSi saqarTvelom germaniidan importis saxiT Semoitana avtomanqanebi, hidroturbinebi da medikamentebi. nax 5.3: eqsporteqsporteqsporteqsport----importi saqarTveloimporti saqarTveloimporti saqarTveloimporti saqarTvelo----germanias Sorisgermanias Sorisgermanias Sorisgermanias Soris


1999 wels, saqarTvelosTvis, meore ZiriTad savaWro partniors warmoadgenda didi britaneTi. 1996 wlidan moyolebuli saqarTvelos savaWro brunvam did britaneTTan Seadgina 183,6 milioni aSS dolari. 1999 wels savaWro brunva or qveyanas Soris ganisazRvra 25,2 milioni aSS dolariT, sadac saqarvelodan eqsportirebuli saqonlis wili iyo 4,1 milioni aSS dolari xolo importirebuli saqonlisa 21,1 milioni aSS dolari. 1998 welTan SedarebiT SeimCneva mniSvnelovani Semcireba savaWro brunvaSi (44,1 milioni aSS dolariT). es gamowveuli iyo didi britaneTidan importis 47,0 milioni aSS dolariT SemcirebiT. 1999 wlis ganmavlobaSi saqarTvelos ZiriTad saeqsporto saqonels did britaneTSi warmoadgenda azotis sasuqebi da Savi liTonis jarTi. xolo didi britaneTidan xdeboda ZiriTadad specialuri manqana danadgarebis, video-audio aparaturis da benzinis Slangebis importi. nax 5.4: saqarTvelo-didi britaneTs Soris savaWro brunva


aRniSvnis Rirsia is faqti rom, 1999 wels saqarTvelom gazarda sakuTari eqsporti evrokavSiris qveynebTan. germaniisa da didi britaneTis garda, saqarTvelom gazarda eqsporti italiasTan 1,9 milioni aSS dolariT, saberZneTTan 2,6 milioni aSS dolariT da espaneTTan 1,3 milioni aSS dolariT. amave dros SeimCneoda tendencia importis Semcirebisa evrokavSiris qveynebis mxridan.

0

20

40

60

80

100

1996 1997 1998 1999

0

20

40

60

80

1996 1997 1998 1999



ccccxrilixrilixrilixrili 5.8: saqarTvelos vaWroba evrokavSiris qveynebTanGsaqarTvelos vaWroba evrokavSiris qveynebTanGsaqarTvelos vaWroba evrokavSiris qveynebTanGsaqarTvelos vaWroba evrokavSiris qveynebTanG (milioni aSS dolari) 1998 1999 qveynebiqveynebiqveynebiqveynebi brunva brunva brunva brunva eqsportieqsportieqsportieqsporti importiimportiimportiimporti balansibalansibalansibalansi brunva brunva brunva brunva eqsportieqsportieqsportieqsporti importiimportiimportiimporti balansibalansibalansibalansi

didi britaneTi

69,3 1,2 68,1 -66,9 25,2 4,1 21,1 -17,0

italia 37,7 8,9 28,8 -19,9 23,9 10,8 13,1 -1,3 germania 95,4 13,2 82,2 -69,0 68,7 24,5 44,2 -19,7 safrangeTi 28,0 6,2 21,8 -15,6 16,0 0,8 15,2 -14,4 niderlandebi 28,9 3,2 25,7 -22,5 9,9 2,6 7,3 -4,7 saberZneTi 16,2 0,4 15,8 -15,4 13,3 3,0 10,3 -7,3 belgia 10,9 2,1 8,8 -6,7 6,1 0,7 5,4 -4,7 avstria 6,1 0,1 6,0 -5,9 5,5 0,5 5,0 -4,5 fineTi 1,5 0 1,5 -1,5 2,7 0 2,7 -2,7 dania 5,3 0,5 4,8 -4,3 4,8 0.3 4,5 -4,2 irlandia 1.5 0.01 1.5 -1,49 2,9 0,02 2,88 -2,68 portugalia 1,3 0,2 1,1 -0,9 0,5 0,5 0,4 -0,3 SvedeTi 4,5 0 4,5 -4,5 1,25 0,05 1,2 -1,15 luqsemburgi 0.3 0 0.3 -0.3 0,05 0 0,05 -005 espaneTi 3,5 0,7 2,8 -2,1 3,8 2,0 1,8 0,2 sul 310,5 36,7 273,8 -237,1 184,5 49,4 135,1 -85,7 wyaro: vaWrobisa da sagareo ekonomikuri urTierTobebis saministro

. 2000 wlis ianvari-martis periodSi saqarTvelos savaWro brunva ervrokavSiris qveynebTan ganisazRvra 40,0 milioni aSS dolariT. eqsportma Seadgina 15,7 milioni aSS dolari, xolo importi 24,7 milioni aSS dolari iyo. am periodis ganmavlobaSi germania kvlav rCeba saqarTvelos ZiriTad savaWro partniorad. savaWro brunvam or qveyanas Soris Seadgina 21,9 milioni aSS dolari, sadac eqsporti iyo 10,9 milioni aSS dolari, xolo importi 11,0 milioni aSS dolari. cxrilicxrilicxrilicxrili 5.9: saqarTvelos vaWroba evrokavSiris qveynebTasaqarTvelos vaWroba evrokavSiris qveynebTasaqarTvelos vaWroba evrokavSiris qveynebTasaqarTvelos vaWroba evrokavSiris qveynebTanGnGnGnG (milioni aSS dolari)

2000 ianvariianvariianvariianvari----martimartimartimarti qveynebiqveynebiqveynebiqveynebi brunva brunva brunva brunva eqsportieqsportieqsportieqsporti importiimportiimportiimporti balansibalansibalansibalansi

didi britaneTi

4,8 1,1 3,7 -2,6

italia 4,5 1,7 2,7 -1,0 germania 21,9 10,9 11,0 -0,1 safrangeTi 2,3 0,2 2,1 -1,9 niderlandebi 1,3 0,1 1,2 -1,1 saberZneTi 1,8 1,1 0,7 0,4 belgia 0,7 0,08 0,6 -0,52 avstria 0,8 0,02 0,8 -0,78 fineTi 0,2 0 0,2 -0,2 dania 0,7 0,4 0,3 0,1 irlandia 0,1 0,01 0,1 -0,01 portugalia 0,2 0,01 0,2 -0,19 SvedeTi 0,1 0,01 0,1 -0,09 luqsemburgi 0,02 0 0.3 -0.3 espaneTi 0,8 0,1 0,6 -0,5 sul 40,0 15,7 24,3 -8,6

wyaro: statistikis saxelmwifo departamenti.

Tavi Tavi Tavi Tavi meeqvse. privatizacia meeqvse. privatizacia meeqvse. privatizacia meeqvse. privatizacia


2000 wlis pirvel kvartalSi privatizaciis procesSi mcire progresi

SeimCneoda. miuxedavad imisa, rom zogierTi msxvili sawarmo privatizebul iqna

(gaiyida "kaspi cementi" da "saqenergoremonti" xolo "Tuji XXI" marTvaSi gadaeca

investors) gamocxadebuli tenderebis umetesobam ver SeZlo investorebis mozidva.

bevri msxvili sawarmo xelaxla iqna gamotanili gasayidad. saxelmwifo qonebis

marTvis saministrom (sqms) Seamcira am kompaniebis aqciaTa paketebis sawyisi gasayidi

fasebi, zogierT SemTxvevaSi saWiro investiciebis odenobac ki iqna Semcirebuli.

Tumca, sxva danarCeni satendero pirobebi igive rCeba, rac gaarTulebs am kompaniebis

gayidvas. privatizaciis procesis umniSvnelovanes warmatebad eleqtrogamanawilebeli

da mwarmoebeli obieqtebis privatizeba unda CaiTvalos, romelic 1999 wlis bolos

daiwyo da umetes SemTxvevaSi 2000 wlis pirvel kvartalSi dasrulda. aseve

aRsaniSnavia rom Commertzbank-ma moipova saqarTveloSi kavSirgabmulobis seqtoris

privatizaciis warmmarTveli finansuri mrCevlis statusi da saaqcio sazogadoeba

"saqarTvelos eleqtrokavSirisa" da saqarTvelos telekomis privatizeba mimdinare

wlis bolos aris dagegmili.

saSualo da msxvili sawarmoebis privatizaciasaSualo da msxvili sawarmoebis privatizaciasaSualo da msxvili sawarmoebis privatizaciasaSualo da msxvili sawarmoebis privatizacia

1999 wlis meoTxe kvartalSi ori saSualo da msxvili sawarmo damtkicda

saprivatizaciod da saprivatizaciod damtkicebuli saSualo da msxvili sawarmoebis

mTliani ricxvi 1 334-mde gaizarda. sawarmoebis saaqcio sazogadoebad

CamoyalibebaSi meti progresi SeimCneoda. Tormeti saSualo da msxvili sawarmo

Camoayalibda saaqcio sazogadoebad, maT Soris 2 mrewvelobis seqtorSi, erTi

soflis meurneobisa da sursaTis seqtorSi, oTxi arqiteqturisa da mSeneblobis

seqtorSi, 1 gazis seqtorSi, sami socialur sferoSi da 1 energetikis seqtorSi.

saaqcio sazogadoebebis saerTo ricxvi 2000 wlis 1 ianvris mdgomareobiT 1 186-mde

gazarda.

privatizaciaprivatizaciaprivatizaciaprivatizacia


cxrili 6.1: saaqcio sazogadoebis daarseba seqtorebis mixedviT (cxrili 6.1: saaqcio sazogadoebis daarseba seqtorebis mixedviT (cxrili 6.1: saaqcio sazogadoebis daarseba seqtorebis mixedviT (cxrili 6.1: saaqcio sazogadoebis daarseba seqtorebis mixedviT (sqmssqmssqmssqms----s s s s

klasifikaciiT ) 2000 wlis 1 ianvris mdgomareobiT klasifikaciiT ) 2000 wlis 1 ianvris mdgomareobiT klasifikaciiT ) 2000 wlis 1 ianvris mdgomareobiT klasifikaciiT ) 2000 wlis 1 ianvris mdgomareobiT1111

seqtoriseqtoriseqtoriseqtori damt kic ebul idamt kic ebul idamt kic ebul idamt kic ebul i daarsebul idaarsebul idaarsebul idaarsebul idaarsebul i daarsebul i daarsebul i daarsebul i

1999 wels1999 wels1999 wels1999 wels

mrewvelobamrewvelobamrewvelobamrewveloba 196 185 11

samTo qi mi asamTo qi mi asamTo qi mi asamTo qi mi a 31 25 0

purproduqt ebipurproduqt ebipurproduqt ebipurproduqt ebi 61 24 0

soflis meurn eoba da sursaTisoflis meurn eoba da sursaTisoflis meurn eoba da sursaTisoflis meurn eoba da sursaTi 388 333 7

arqit eqtura da mS en eblobaarqit eqtura da mS en eblobaarqit eqtura da mS en eblobaarqit eqtura da mS en ebloba 226 221 9

sac alo da sabiTumo vaWrobasac alo da sabiTumo vaWrobasac alo da sabiTumo vaWrobasac alo da sabiTumo vaWroba 86 70 0

n avTobproduqt ebin avTobproduqt ebin avTobproduqt ebin avTobproduqt ebi 49 26 0

saqgaz isaqgaz isaqgaz isaqgaz i 58 45 1

tran sportitran sportitran sportitran sporti 118 113 3

soc i aluri sferosoci aluri sferosoci aluri sferosoci aluri sfero 57 45 3

en erget i kaen erget i kaen erget i kaen erget i ka 64 99 8

sulsulsulsul 1,334 1,186 42 wyaro: saxelmwifo qonebis marTvis saministro

2000 wlis pirvel kvartalSi arc erTi axali saSualo da msxvili sawarmo ar

damtkicebula saprivatizaciod, xolo 15 sawarmo Camoyalibda rogorc saaqcio

sazogadoeba. 6 saaqcio sazogadoeba Camoyalibda energetikis seqtorSi, aseve 6

socialur sferoSi, 2 soflis meurneobisa da sursaTis seqtorSi da 1 gazis

seqtorSi. saaqcio sazogadoebebis saerTo ricxvi 1 201-mde gaizarda.

cxrili 6.2: saaqcio sazogadoebis daarseba seqtorebis mixedviT (cxrili 6.2: saaqcio sazogadoebis daarseba seqtorebis mixedviT (cxrili 6.2: saaqcio sazogadoebis daarseba seqtorebis mixedviT (cxrili 6.2: saaqcio sazogadoebis daarseba seqtorebis mixedviT (sqmssqmssqmssqms----ssss klasifikaciiT ) 2000 wlis 1 aprilis mdgomareobiT klasifikaciiT ) 2000 wlis 1 aprilis mdgomareobiT klasifikaciiT ) 2000 wlis 1 aprilis mdgomareobiT klasifikaciiT ) 2000 wlis 1 aprilis mdgomareobiT

s e q t o r is e q t o r is e q t o r is e q t o r i d a mt k i c e b ul id a mt k i c e b ul id a mt k i c e b ul id a mt k i c e b ul i d a ar s e b ul id a ar s e b ul id a ar s e b ul id a ar s e b ul id aar s e b ul i d aar s e b ul i d aar s e b ul i d aar s e b ul i

2 0 0 0 w el s2 0 0 0 w el s2 0 0 0 w el s2 0 0 0 w el s

mr e w v el o b amr e w v el o b amr e w v el o b amr e w v el o b a 196 185 0

s a mT o q i m i as a mT o q i m i as a mT o q i m i as a mT o q i m i a 31 25 0

p ur pr o du qt e b ip ur pr o du qt e b ip ur pr o du qt e b ip ur pr o du qt e b i 61 24 0

s o fl i s m e ur n eo b a d a s ur s aT iso fl i s m e ur n eo b a d a s ur s aT iso fl i s m e ur n eo b a d a s ur s aT iso fl i s m e ur n eo b a d a s ur s aT i 388 335 2

ar q i t e q t ur a d a m S e n e bl o b aar q i t e q t ur a d a m S e n e bl o b aar q i t e q t ur a d a m S e n e bl o b aar q i t e q t ur a d a m S e n e bl o b a 226 221 0

s ac al o d a s a b i T u mo v aW r o b as ac al o d a s a b i T u mo v aW r o b as ac al o d a s a b i T u mo v aW r o b as ac al o d a s a b i T u mo v aW r o b a 86 70 0

n a vT o b p ro d u qt e b in a vT o b p ro d u qt e b in a vT o b p ro d u qt e b in a vT o b p ro d u qt e b i 49 26 0

s a q g az is a q g az is a q g az is a q g az i 58 46 1

t r an s p or t it r an s p or t it r an s p or t it r an s p or t i 118 113 0

s o c i al ur i sf er oso c i al ur i sf er oso c i al ur i sf er oso c i al ur i sf er o 57 51 6

e n er g et i k ae n er g et i k ae n er g et i k ae n er g et i k a 64 105 6

s ulsulsulsul 1334 1201 15 wyaro: saxelmwifo qonebis marTvis saministro

6.3 cxrilis mixedviT privatizebuli saSualo da msxvili sawarmoebis saerTo

ricxvi 2000 wlis 1 aprilis mdgomareobiT 985-mde gaizarda. mniSvnelovani progresi

eleqtroenergetikis seqtoris privatizebaSi iqna miRweuli, romelsac gasuli wlis

miwuruls hqonda adgili. mrewvelobis seqtori kvlavac yvelaze metad

1 pirvel svetSi warmodgenilia saprivatizaciod damtkicebuli sawarmoebi, xolo meoreSi _ Sefasebuli da saaqcio sazogadoebebad dafuZnebuli sawarmoebi. cxrilSi ar aris mocemuli realurad privatizebuli sawarmoebis Sesaxeb monacemebi. ricxvebi meore svetSi SeiZleba aRematebodes pirvel svetSi mocemuls, vinaidan sawarmoTa nawili, saaqcio sazogadoebad dafuZnebis procesSi, or an met nawilad gaiyo. sqms seqtorul klasifikacias axdens sabWoTa dros sawarmos uwyebrivi daqvemdebarebis mixedviT.



privatizebulia, mas mosdevs vaWrobisa da momsaxureobis seqtorebi. dafuZnebuli

saaqcio sazogadebebis 82 procenti kerZo mflobelobaSi gadavida.

cxrili 6.3: saaqcio sazogadoebebis privatizacia seqtorebis mixedviTcxrili 6.3: saaqcio sazogadoebebis privatizacia seqtorebis mixedviTcxrili 6.3: saaqcio sazogadoebebis privatizacia seqtorebis mixedviTcxrili 6.3: saaqcio sazogadoebebis privatizacia seqtorebis mixedviT

( ( ( (semsemsemsem----is klasifikaciiT) 2000 wis klasifikaciiT) 2000 wis klasifikaciiT) 2000 wis klasifikaciiT) 2000 wlis 1 aprilis mdgomareobiTlis 1 aprilis mdgomareobiTlis 1 aprilis mdgomareobiTlis 1 aprilis mdgomareobiT2222

seqt oriseqt oriseqt oriseqt ori daarsebul i daarsebul i daarsebul i daarsebul i pri vat iz ebul ipri vat iz ebul ipri vat iz ebul ipri vat iz ebul ipri vat iz ebul i s pri vat i z ebul i s pri vat i z ebul i s pri vat i z ebul i s

wil i %wili %wili %wili %

soflis meurneoba da sursaTi 279 254 91.0

mSenebloba 157 135 86.0

energetika 159 49 30.8

mrewveloba 285 279 97.9

mompovebeli mrewveloba 20 13 65.0

momsaxureba 45 42 93.3

socialuri sfero 62 52 83.9

sacalo da sabiTumo vaWroba 53 50 94.3

transporti 130 111 85.4

sulsulsulsul 1, 1901, 1901, 1901, 190 985985985985 82 .882 .882 .882 .8 wyaro: sem-is gamoTvlebi saxelmwifo qonebis marTvis saministros monacemebze dayrdnobiT

privatizacia fuladi auqcioniTprivatizacia fuladi auqcioniTprivatizacia fuladi auqcioniTprivatizacia fuladi auqcioniT

sqms agrZelebs fuladi auqcionebis Catarebas. zogierTi saaqcio

sazogadoebis aqciebi kvlavac sawyisi sastarto fasiT, romelic maTi nominaluri

Rirebulebis 150 procents Seadgens, aris gamotanili gasayidad. zogi aqcia 1 laris

fasad da nominaluri Rirebulebis 50 da 75 procentis fasdaklebiTac aris

gamotanili gasayidad. saministrom ukve 53 fuladi auqcioni Caatara, Tumca fulad

auqcionebze gayiduli aqciebis raodenoba umniSvneloa gasayidi aqciebis

raodenobasTan SedarebiT. fuladi auqcionebidan yvelaze did warmatebas isini

aRweven, sadac aqciebi nulovani sarezervo fasiT aris gamotanili gasayidad. sqms-m

gadawyvita meeqvse nulovani auqcionis Catareba. igi 2000 wlis 24 martidan 24

aprilamde Catardeba. saxelmwifos wili 31 sawarmoSi iqneba gamotanili gasayidad,

maT Soris 14 sawarmos aqciaTa sakontrolo paketi.

privatizacia “sainvesticio tenderiT”privatizacia “sainvesticio tenderiT”privatizacia “sainvesticio tenderiT”privatizacia “sainvesticio tenderiT”

msxvili sawarmoebis sainvesticio tenderis meSveobiT privatizebis procesSi

mcireodeni progrsi iqna miRweuli. 2000 wlis pirvel kvartalSi gaiyida "kaspi

cementi" da "saqenergoremonti" xolo "Tuji XXI" marTvaSi gadaeca investors. Tumca

msxvili sawarmoebis gasayidad gamocxadebuli tenderebi CaiTvala ar Semdgarad

radgan maT ver moizides investorebi.

2 kerZo sawarmod CaTvlilia is, romlis aqciaTa 50 procentze meti kerZo mflobelis xelSia. 1 201 dafuZnebuli saaqcio sazogadoebidan 11-is Sesaxeb monacemebi ar aris sqms-s monacemTa bazaSi. 6.3 cxrilSi seqtorebis mixedviT dayofa ekuTvnis sem-s da gansxvavdeba 6.1 da 6.2 cxrilebSi gamoyenebuli klasifikaciisagan. sqms seqtorul klasifikacias axdens sabWoTa dros sawarmos uwyebrivi daqvemdebarebis mixedviT.



Sps intertransma gaimarjva "kaspi cementis" aqciaTa sakontrolo paketis

privatizebisaTvis Catarebul tenderSi. gamarjvebulma ukve gadaixada 100 000 aSS

dolari aqciaTa 50,59 procentisaTvis, aiRo valdebuleba tenderis yvela pirobis

Sesrulebaze da 2000-2006 wlebis ganmavlobaSi sawarmoSi 7 milioni aSS dolaris

investirebaze.

saaqcio sazogadoeba "saqenergoremontma" gaimarjva saqenergoremontis

centraluri saremonto qarxnis aqciaTa 75 procentze Catarebul tenderSi. aqciaTa

paketis sawyisi gasayidi fasi 107 400 aSS dolars udrida. tenderis pirobebis

Tanaxmad gamarjvebulma unda SeinarCunos sawarmos profili, xelSekrulebis

gaformebis Semdeg 3 Tvis ganmavlobaSi dafaros saboloo gasayidi fasi da

SeinarCunos arsebuli samuSao adgilebis 70 procenti 3 wlis ganmavlobaSi.

tenderis pirobebis garda saaqcio sazogadoeba "saqenergoremontma" aiRo

valdebuleba 2000 wels dafaros sawarmos valebi, moaxdinos sawarmos menejmentis

sruli restruqturizacia, moaxdinos sabuRaltro sistemis kompiuterizacia da misi

saerTaSoriso standartebamde ayvana. gamarjvebulma unda ganaxorcielos

investiciebi sawarmos gadaiaraRebaSi da aqciaTa paketSi 190 000 aSS dolars ixdis.

misi konkurenti, saaqcio sazogadoeba "feri" aqciaTa paketSi 110 000 aSS dolars

ixdida.

"energia da industria kompleqsma" gaimarjva "Tuji XXI" (rusTavis

metalurgiuli kombinatis nawili, romelic restruqturizaciis Sedegad gamoiyo)

aqciaTa 51 procentis 10 wlis vadiT marTvaSi gadasacemad gamarTul tenderSi. misi

konkurenti "lurJe XXI" iyo. gamajvebulma kompaniam aiRo valdebuleba daabandos 8,6

milioni aSS dolaris investicia sawarmos teqnikur gadaiaraRebaSi da 11,4 milioni

aSS dolari ZiriTadi saSualebebis reabilitaciaSi. man unda Seqmnas 1 500 samuSao

adgili da gadaixados sawarmos valebi produqciis realizaciis Semdeg.

investiciebis mTliani moculoba 20-22 milioni aSS dolaria, rasac emateba 7-8

milioni aSS dolari, rac saglinavi saamqros mSeneblobas unda moxmardes. sawyis

stadiaze investori sawarmos aqciaTa 3 procentis mflobeli xdeba, sabolood

investori gaxdeba sawarmos aqciaTa im wilis mflobeli, romelic Seesabameba mis

mier ganxorcielebuli investiciebis proporcias sawesdebo kapitalSi. "energia da

industria kompleqsis" damfuZnebelia Energy Productions Ltd. (didi britaneTi) romelic

Sedis koncern "energokompleqsis" SemadgenlobaSi da fizikuri piri g.gabriWiZe.

"lurJe XXI"-is dafuZneblebi arian Sps "sakonstruqtoro sawarmoo gaerTianeba" (55

procentiani wiliT) da Sps "dia" (45 procentiani wiliT).

unda aRiniSnos WiaTuris manganumis sainvesticio programis ganxorcielebaSi

arsebuli garkveuli progresi. sawarmos axalma mepatronem, Saga Print-ma mTlianad

dafara 1999 wlis oqtomber - noembris xelfasebis davalianeba da 150 000 aSS dolari

gadaixada biujetSi, rogorc davalianebis nawili. kompaniam ganaxorciela 50 000 aSS

dolaris odenobis investicia sawarmos mimdinare operaciebSi da moaxdina 50 000

tona produqciis eqsporti evropaSi.

bevri msxvili sawarmo xelaxla iqna gamotanili gasayidad. sqms-m Seamcira am

kompaniebis aqciaTa paketebis sawyisi gasayidi fasebi, zogierT SemTxvevaSi saWiro

investiciebis odenobac ki iqna Semcirebuli. Tumca, sxva danarCeni satendero



pirobebi igive rCeba, rac gaarTulebs am kompaniebis gayidvas. (ix. sem-is wina

gamocema). sqms-m gamoacxada tenderebi Cxorowyuhesis, saqtungoeterzeTis da

eleqtroSeduRebis aqciaTa paketebze 50 an 75 procentiT Semcirebuli sawyisi fasiT.

sqms-m xelaxla gamoacxada tenderi saaqcio sazogadoeba qimboWkoze, amjerad

sawarmos aqciaTa 76 procenti 75 procentiani fasdaklebiT aris gamotanili

gasayidad, xolo savaldebulo investiciis odenoba 3 milion aSS dolaramde

Semcirda. martSi sqms-m gamoacxada axali tenderi saaqcio sazogadoeba

elmavalmSenebelis aqciaTa 51 procentze. aqciaTa paketi misi nominaluri

Rirebulebis 75 procentis fasdaklebiT aris gamotanili da misi fasi 4 801 650 aSS

dolars udris.

saaqcio sazogadoeba Tbilgazis gayidva kvlav problematur sakiTxad rCeba.

satendero komisia agrZelebs molaparakebas saerTaSoriso energetikul kompania

iterasTan Tbilgazis aqciaTa 75 procentis privatizaciaze.

sqms-m gamoacxada tenderebi 16 gazis meurneobebis saeqsploatacio sawarmoebis

bazaze dafuZnebuli saaqcio sazogadoebebis sakontrolo paketebze (51 procenti).

gamarjvebulebma unda SeinarCunon sawarmoTa profili, 2 wlis ganmavlobaSi

moaxdinon maTi reabilitacia da xelSekrulebis gaformebidan 6 TveSi gadaixadon

SeZenili wilis proporciuli davalianeba. gamarjvebulebma unda warmoadginon

sainvesticio winadadebebi da xelSekrulebis gaformebidan 30 kalendarul dReSi

unda dafaron saboloo gasayidi fasis 51 procenti. saboloo gasayidi fasis

darCenili nawili 2000 wlis 20 noembramde unda iqnas gadaxdili.

kavSirgabmulobis seqtoris privatizacia kavSirgabmulobis seqtoris privatizacia kavSirgabmulobis seqtoris privatizacia kavSirgabmulobis seqtoris privatizacia

10 ianvars sqms-m gadawyvita Tavidan gamoecxadebina tenderi kavSirgabmulobis

seqtoris privatizaciis warmmarTveli finansuri mrCevlis vinaobis gamosavlenad.

tenderis xelaxla gamocxadeba msoflio bankis mier dawesebuli standartebis da

tenderSi monawile zogierT konsorciumSi Semavali kompaniis winadadebebs Soris

arsebulma Seusabamobam gamoiwvia. axlad gamocxadebul tenderSi monawile yvela

konsorciumma - Raiffeisen Investment AG (avstria), Credit Commercial de France (safrangeTi),

Commertzbank AG (germania), Deloitte and Touche (minskis ofisi) and Arthur Andersen (didi britaneTi) - warmoadgines teqnikuri da finansuri winadadebebi. winadadebebis

Sefaseba or safexurs moicavda. pirvelad fasdeboda teqnikuri winadadebebi.

teqnikuri winadadebebis Sefasebisas gamoiyeneboda sami kriteriumi. esenia: 1)

kompaniis gamocdileba Sesasrulebeli samuSaos sferoSi, 2) warmodgenili samuSao

gegmis da meTodologiis Sesabamisoba teqnikur davalebasTan, 3) ZiriTadi personalis

kvalifikacia da kompetenturoba dasaxul samuSaosTan mimarTebaSi. mesame

kriteriums oTxi parametri hqonda: a) zogadi kvalifikacia, b) proeqtTan

Sesabamisoba, g) qarTuli da/an rusuli enebis codna, d) yofil sabWoTa kavSirSi da

aRmosavleT evropaSi muSaobis gamocdileba. TiToeul kriteriums miniWebuli hqonda

maqsimaluri SesaZlebeli qula, romlebic ikribeboda. samive kriteriumis saerTo

maqsimaluri SesaZlebeli jamuri qula 100-s udrida. is winadadebebi, romlebic 75 an

met qulas moagrovebden gadavidoden meore safexurze. meore safexurze satendero

komisia ganixilavda finansur winadadebebs da unda gamoevlina gamarjvebuli.



Raiffeisen Investment AG-s garda tenderSi monawile yvela konsorciumma gaiara pirveli

etapi. rac Seexeba meore etaps, Commertzbank-is finansuri winadadeba yvelaze

warmatebuli aRmoCnda da Sesabamisad konsorciumma moipova saqarTveloSi

kavSirgabmulobis seqtoris privatizaciis warmmarTveli finansuri mrCevlis statusi.

finansuri mrCevlis roli privatizaciaSi Zalze mniSvnelovania, radgan

zemoTxsenebul tenderSi gamarjvebulma unda moZebnos investorebi telekomunikaciis

seqtoris ori ZiriTadi sawarmosaTvis, saaqcio sazogadoeba "saqarTvelos

eleqtrokavSirisa" da saqarTvelos telekomisaTvis. am kompaniebis privatizebiT

miRebuli savaraudo Semosavali 100 milioni laria da am Tanxis miReba 2000 wlis

meoTxe kvartalSia dagegmili. gegma sakmaod ambiciuria da finansuri mrCevlisagan

did Zalisxmevas moiTxovs, Tumca vadis gadaweva rogorc Cans gardauvali iqneba.

sawarmosawarmosawarmosawarmoTa restruqturizaciaTa restruqturizaciaTa restruqturizaciaTa restruqturizacia

sawarmoTa restruqturizacia gadamwyvetia maTi momavali efeqturi

operirebisaTvis. Cven SegviZlia gavarCioT ori tipis restruqturizacia -

privatizaciamde da privatizaciis Semdgomi restruqturizacia. restruqturizacia

rTuli da bevr aspeqtSi mtkivneuli procesia. umetes SemTxvevaSi saxelmwifos

urCevnia restruqturirebis gareSe moaxdinos sawarmos privatizacia, raTa amiT

restruqturizacis simZime sawarmos axal mflobelze gadaitanos. Tumca msxvili

sawarmoebis SemTxvevaSi maTi gayidva restruqturizaciis gareSe Znelia. potenciuri

investorisaTvis rom sawarmo ufro mimzidveli gaxdes menejmentma unda moiSoros

moZvelebuli da umoqmedo ZiriTadi saSualebebi, Seamciros Warbi samuSao Zala,

Caataros finansuri restruqturizacia, gaakeTos cvlilebebi menejmentis

struqturaSi da moaxdinos axali bazris identifikacia. sqms atarebs zogierT

RonisZiebebs msxvili sawarmoebis restruqturizaciisaTvis. magaliTad igi cdilobs

gayidos moZvelebuli da umoqmedo ZiriTadi saSualebebi iseT msxvil sawarmoebSi

rogoricaa mioni, elmavalmSenebeli, orbi da a.S., Tumca did warmatebebs jer adgili

ar hqonia.

rac Seexeba privatizaciis Semdgom restruqturizacias es mTlianad axali

mflobelis iniciativaa. saqarTveloSi privatizebuli saSualo da msxvili

sawarmoebis absoluturi umravlesoba saWiroebs restruqturizacias. am sawarmoebis

axal mflobelebs da menejments xSirad ar gaaCniaT gamocdileba da codna imisaTvis

rom restruqturizacia swored Caataron. maT dasaxmareblad 1997 wels Camoyalibda

sawarmoTa restruqturizaciisa da menjmentis daxmarebis centri (CERMA). centri msoflio bankisa da tasisis mier finansdeba. CERMA-m ukve iTanamSromla 30

sawarmosTan da ramodenime SemTxvevaSi warmatebas miaRwia. ivlisSi CERMA kidev 40 sawarmos restruqturizaciaze iwyebs muSaobas. axla mimdinareobs mosamzadebeli

periodi, romelic moicavs im sawarmoebis Sefasebas, romlebmac proeqtSi

monawileoba moisurves. aseve xuTma ucxourma kompaniam moisurva proeqtis

ganxorcielebaSi monawileobis miReba. esenia: RESCO, Recovery Group, Carana Corporation, East-West Consulting da IMC Consulting. maTgan mxolod 3 iqneba amorCeuli

proeqtSi monawileobis misaRebad. gamajvebuli kompaniebi CERMA-sTan erTad

amoarCeven sawarmoebs, romelTac CautardebaT restruqturizacia. es sawarmoebi

unda iyvnen privatizebuli an axlad Camoyalibebuli, saSualo zomis, ZiriTadad

warmoebis da momsaxureobis seqtorebidan, sawarmos sicocxlisunarianoba aseve erT-



erT gadamwyvet kriteriums warmoadgens. sakonsultacio xarjebis 15 procenti

sawarmom TviTon unda dafaros. es zoma daamtkicebs sawarmos xelmZRvanelobis

motivacias Caataros restruqturizacia. msoflio bankis mier dasaxuli 5-wliani

programis ganmavlobaSi centrma 100 sawarmos restruqturizacia unda Caataros.

saqarTveloSi sawarmoebis restruqturizaciis ZiriTad problemas CERMA-s konsultantebsa da sawarmoTa menejerebs Soris urTierTgagebis naklebobaa.

menejerebi xSirad sawarmos mflobelebic arian da xandaxan Znelia maTi darwmuneba

imaSi, rom saWiroa raRac cvlilebebis Semotana, rac SesaZloa aRqmuli iyos

menejerebis mier, rogorc maTi gavlenianobis Semcireba. momavalSi am problemis

gadasalaxavad centrSi moqmedebs menejerTa gadamzadebis programa. programa

moicavs Tanamedrove menejmentis Teoriul kurss da kerZo SemTxvevebis ganxilvas

qveyanaSi arsebuli problematikis gaTvaliswinebiT, inglisuri enis da kompiuteris

Semswavlel kursebs. gamocdebis warmatebiT Cabarebis Semdeg msoflio bankis

SerCeviT menejerebi gaigzavnebian staJirebaze aRmosavleT evropis da dasavleTis

qveynebSi. menejerebis gadamzadebasTan erTad centri amzadebs konsultantebsac. es

RonisZiebebi xels Seuwyobs sabazro ekonomikaze dafuZnebuli urTierTobebis

Camoyalibebas konsultantebsa da menejerebs Soris momavalSi da Sesabamisad qarTul

sawarmoebs ufro efeqturs gaxdis..

eleqtroenergetikis seqtoris privatizaciaeleqtroenergetikis seqtoris privatizaciaeleqtroenergetikis seqtoris privatizaciaeleqtroenergetikis seqtoris privatizacia

1999 wlis meoTxe kvartalSi eletroenergtikis seqtoris privatizebaSi

mniSvnelovai progresi iyo. seqtoris ormocamde obieqts mflobeli gamouCnda.

amJamad sqms muSobs tenderebSi gamarjvebulebTan xelSekrulebebis xelmoweraze da

rogorc ki xelSekrulebebi daideba, investorebi Seudgebian Sesabamisi obieqtebis

reabilitacias. Tumca, seqtorSi arsebuli problemebi kvlavac gadauWrelia da didi

samuSaoa Casatarebeli imisaTvis, rom miRweul iqnas seqtoris SedarebiT stabiluri

funqcionirebac ki.

sqms-m Caatara specializirebuli auqcioni saaqcio sazogadoeba Telasis

aqciaTa 4,9 procentis gasayidad. auqcionze 21 ganacxadi Semovida da aqciebisaTvis

gadaxdilma mTlianma Tanxam 4 831 lari Seadgina. TiTo aqciis fasi 1 lars udrida.

aqciebSi gadaxdili yvelaze didma Tanxam 1 000 lari Seadgina.

mcire sawarmoTa privatizaciamcire sawarmoTa privatizaciamcire sawarmoTa privatizaciamcire sawarmoTa privatizacia

2000 wlis 1 ianvris mdgomareobiT 13 046 mcire sawarmo damtkicda

saprivatizaciod da 14 415 faqtiurad iqna privatizebuli. 1999 wlis meoTxe

kvartalSi 560 mcire sawarmo gadavida kerZo mflobelobaSi. faqtiurad

privatizebul da saprivatizaciod damtkicebul mcire sawarmoTa mTliani

raodenobebis Soris arsebuli gansxvaveba imaze miuTiTebs rom bevri maTgani

privatizebis procesSi gaiyo.

2000 wlis pirvel kvartalSi mcire sawarmoTa mTliani ricxvei 13 111-mde

gaizarda xolo privatizebuli sawarmoebis saerTo ricxvma 14 594-s miaRwia. rogorc



naCvenebia 6.5 cxrilSi 130 mcire sawarmo privatizebul iqna 2000 wlis pirvel

kvartalSi.

cxrili 6.4: mcire sawarmoebis privatizacia seqtorebis mixedviT (cxrili 6.4: mcire sawarmoebis privatizacia seqtorebis mixedviT (cxrili 6.4: mcire sawarmoebis privatizacia seqtorebis mixedviT (cxrili 6.4: mcire sawarmoebis privatizacia seqtorebis mixedviT (sqmssqmssqmssqms----ssss klasifikacia), 2000 wlis 1 ianvris mdgomareobiT klasifikacia), 2000 wlis 1 ianvris mdgomareobiT klasifikacia), 2000 wlis 1 ianvris mdgomareobiT klasifikacia), 2000 wlis 1 ianvris mdgomareobiT3333

seqtoriseqtoriseqtoriseqtori damt ki c ebul idamt ki c ebul idamt ki c ebul idamt ki c ebul i pri vat iz ebul ipri vat iz ebul ipri vat iz ebul ipri vat iz ebul i

mTl i an ad mTl i an ad mTl i an ad mTl i an ad

pr i vat i z ebul i s pr i vat i z ebul i s pr i vat i z ebul i s pr i vat i z ebul i s

%%%%

pri vat iz ebul i pri vat iz ebul i pri vat iz ebul i pri vat iz ebul i

1999 wel s1999 wel s1999 wel s1999 wel s

mr ewvelobamr ewvelobamr ewvelobamr ewveloba 373 289 2.0 18

en er get i kaen er get i kaen er get i kaen er get i ka 46 37 0.3 2

purproduqt ebipurproduqt ebipurproduqt ebipurproduqt ebi 140 105 0.7 6

sofl is meurn eob a d a sursaTisofl is meurn eob a d a sursaTisofl is meurn eob a d a sursaTisofl is meurn eob a d a sursaTi 695 655 4.5 161

mS en eblobamS en eblobamS en eblobamS en ebloba 407 314 2.2 18

sac alo d a sabiTumo vaWrob asac alo d a sabiTumo vaWrob asac alo d a sabiTumo vaWrob asac alo d a sabiTumo vaWrob a 4,604 5,155 35.8 385

sayofac xovrebo mo msaxurebasayofac xovrebo mo msaxurebasayofac xovrebo mo msaxurebasayofac xovrebo mo msaxureba 5,382 6,334 43.9 661

n avTobproduqt eb in avTobproduqt eb in avTobproduqt eb in avTobproduqt eb i 168 171 1.2 5

j andac vaj andac vaj andac vaj andac va 773 591 4.1 39

soc i aluri sferosoc i aluri sferosoc i aluri sferosoc i aluri sfero 315 592 4.1 27

tran sport itran sport itran sport itran sport i 143 172 1.2 51

sulsulsulsul 13,046 14,415 100.0 1,373

wyaro: saxelmwifo qonebis marTvis saministro

privatizebuli mcire sawarmoTa umetesoba vaWrobisa da momsaxurebis

sferoebs ganekuTvneba - Sesabamisad 35 da 44 procenti. statistikuri danarTis A6.4 cxrilSi mocemuli regionaluri CamonaTvalis mixedviT, privatizebuli mcire

sawarmoebis 30 procenti TbilisSia. aWaris avtonomiuri respublika kvlav bevrad

CamorCeba sxva regionebs mcire sawarmoebis privatizebaSi. Tumca, 1999 wlis meoTxe

kvartalSi am regionSi 10 mcire sawarmo iqna privatizebuli.

cxrili 6.5: mcire sawarmoebis privatizacia seqtorebis mixedviT (cxrili 6.5: mcire sawarmoebis privatizacia seqtorebis mixedviT (cxrili 6.5: mcire sawarmoebis privatizacia seqtorebis mixedviT (cxrili 6.5: mcire sawarmoebis privatizacia seqtorebis mixedviT (sqmssqmssqmssqms----ssss

klasifikacia), 2000 wlis 1 aprilis mdgomareobiTklasifikacia), 2000 wlis 1 aprilis mdgomareobiTklasifikacia), 2000 wlis 1 aprilis mdgomareobiTklasifikacia), 2000 wlis 1 aprilis mdgomareobiT

seqtoriseqtoriseqtoriseqtori damt ki c ebul idamt ki c ebul idamt ki c ebul idamt ki c ebul i pri vat iz ebul ipri vat iz ebul ipri vat iz ebul ipri vat iz ebul i

mTl i an ad mTl i an ad mTl i an ad mTl i an ad

pr i vat i z ebul i s pr i vat i z ebul i s pr i vat i z ebul i s pr i vat i z ebul i s

%%%%

pri vat i z ebul i pr i vat i z ebul i pr i vat i z ebul i pr i vat i z ebul i

2000 wel s2000 wel s2000 wel s2000 wel s

mr ewvelob amr ewvelob amr ewvelob amr ewvelob a 373 290 1.99 1en erget i kaen erget i kaen erget i kaen erget i ka 46 37 0.25 0pur produqt ebipur produqt ebipur produqt ebipur produqt ebi 140 112 0.77 1sofl i s meurn eob a da sursaTisofl is meurn eob a da sursaTisofl is meurn eob a da sursaTisofl is meurn eob a da sursaTi 699 668 4.58 13mS en eblob amS en eblob amS en eblob amS en eblob a 407 316 2.17 1sac alo da sabiTumo vaWrobasac alo da sabiTumo vaWrobasac alo da sabiTumo vaWrobasac alo da sabiTumo vaWroba 4623 5179 35.49 10sayofacxo vr ebo mo msaxur eb asayofacxo vr ebo mo msaxur eb asayofacxo vr ebo mo msaxur eb asayofacxo vr ebo mo msaxur eb a 5413 6451 44.20 93n avTobproduqt eb in avTobproduqt eb in avTobproduqt eb in avTobproduqt eb i 168 171 1.17 0j andac vaj andac vaj andac vaj andac va 775 592 4.06 1soc i aluri sferosoc i aluri sferosoc i aluri sferosoc i aluri sfero 319 600 4.11 4

tran sport itran sport itran sport itran sport i 148 178 1.22 6

sulsulsulsul 13111 14594 100 130 wyaro: saxelmwifo qonebis marTvis saministro

3 imis gamo, rom aqcionirebis procesSi zogierTi sawarmo gaiyo, gayiduli sawarmoebis ricxvi SeiZleba aWarbebdes gasayidad damtkicebulTa ricxvs. mcire sawarmoTa sruli ricxvi, romelic moicavs saprivatizaciod damtkicebul mcire sawarmoebsac, ar aris cnobili. mcire sawarmoebad iTvleba isini, romelTa aqtivebis sabalanso Rirebuleba 1993 wlis 1 aprilisTvis 44 000 aSS dolars ar aRemateba.

Tavi meSvide. Semosavlebi, dasaqmeba da socialuri uzrunvelyofaTavi meSvide. Semosavlebi, dasaqmeba da socialuri uzrunvelyofaTavi meSvide. Semosavlebi, dasaqmeba da socialuri uzrunvelyofaTavi meSvide. Semosavlebi, dasaqmeba da socialuri uzrunvelyofa


Sromis bazariSromis bazariSromis bazariSromis bazari

Sromis bazarze mdgomareoba ar gaumjobesebula: umuSevroba kvlavac maRali

rCeba, xolo arasruli dasaqmeba farTod aris gavrcelebuli. Sinameurneobebi,

dasaqmebasTan dakavSirebiT, seriozuli problemebis winaSe dganan, rac cxovrebis

donis dacemis mtkivneul procesSi gamoixateba. umuSevar mosaxleobas araviTari

stimuli ar gaaCnia imisaTvis rom gatardes registraciaSi. Sesabamisad registracias

umuSevarTa mxolod mcire nawili gadis, ris Sedegadac registraciaze dafuZnebuli

oficialuri umuSevrobis done ararealurad dabalia. samuSao Zalis didi nawili,

TviTdasaqmebulTa kategoria, praqtikulad aRuricxavi rCeba. yovelive es isaxeba

registraciis oficialur cifrebSi, romlebsac realobasTan aranairi kavSiri ara

aqvs da naklebad gamodgeba saerTo suraTis Sesaqmnelad. ekonomikurad aqtiuri

mosaxleobis, umuSevrobis, samuSao Zalis miRma darCenili mosaxleobisa da samuSao

Zalis monawileobis koeficientis Sesaxeb informaciis yvelaze saimedo wyaroebs

ssd-s mier samuSao Zalis erovnuli gamokvlevisa (LFS)5 da ssd-s mimdinare

SinameurneobaTa kvlevis2 Sedegad mopovebuli monacemebi warmoadgens.

rogorc samuSao Zalis kvlevis Sedegebi gviCvenebs (ix. momdevno cxrili)

ekonomikurad aqtiuri mosaxleobis ricxvi, romelic 1999 wlis pirveli sami

kvartlis ganmavlobaSi izrdeboda, 1999 wlis meoTxe kvartalSi Semcirda. wlis

bolosaTvis samuSao Zalis ricxvis kleba SeiZleba sezonur faqtors mivaweroT;

sruliad SesaZlebelia, rom 2000 wlis pirveli kvartlis cifrebi, romlebic jer-

jerobiT xelmisawvdomi ar aris3, asaxavdnen samuSao Zalis ricxvis sezonuri zrdis

ganaxlebas. samuSao Zalis bazarze arsebuli mdgomareobis gauaresebaze samuSao

Zalis absoluturi cifrebi miuTiTebs, romlebic, saSualod, 1999 wels 1998 welTan

SedarebiT, gacilebiT dabali iyo.

cxrili 7.1: dasaqmeba da umuSevroba, samuSao Zala, 1999*cxrili 7.1: dasaqmeba da umuSevroba, samuSao Zala, 1999*cxrili 7.1: dasaqmeba da umuSevroba, samuSao Zala, 1999*cxrili 7.1: dasaqmeba da umuSevroba, samuSao Zala, 1999*

(aTasi kaci)(aTasi kaci)(aTasi kaci)(aTasi kaci)

1999 w . I 1999 w . I 1999 w . I 1999 w . I

kv .kv .kv .kv .

1999 w . 1999 w . 1999 w . 1999 w .

II kv .I I kv .I I kv .I I kv .

1999 w . III 1999 w . III 1999 w . III 1999 w . III

kv .kv .kv .kv .

1999 w . IV 1999 w . IV 1999 w . IV 1999 w . IV

kv .kv .kv .kv .

sul , 15 welze ufrosi asakis mosaxleobasul , 15 welze ufrosi asakis mosaxleobasul , 15 welze ufrosi asakis mosaxleobasul , 15 welze ufrosi asakis mosaxleoba 3 , 03 23 , 03 23 , 03 23 , 03 2 3 , 0493 , 0493 , 0493 , 049 3 , 0923 , 0923 , 0923 , 092 3 , 0183 , 0183 , 0183 , 018

ekonomi kurad aqtiuri mosaxleoba, sul (samuSao Zala ) (1 )ekonomi kurad aqtiuri mosaxleoba, sul (samuSao Zala ) (1 )ekonomi kurad aqtiuri mosaxleoba, sul (samuSao Zala ) (1 )ekonomi kurad aqtiuri mosaxleoba, sul (samuSao Zala ) (1 ) 2, 0182, 0182, 0182, 018 2, 0522, 0522, 0522, 052 2, 0582, 0582, 0582, 058 1, 9171, 9171, 9171, 917

ekonomi kurad aqtiuri mosaxleoba, sul (samuSao Zala ) (2 )ekonomi kurad aqtiuri mosaxleoba, sul (samuSao Zala ) (2 )ekonomi kurad aqtiuri mosaxleoba, sul (samuSao Zala ) (2 )ekonomi kurad aqtiuri mosaxleoba, sul (samuSao Zala ) (2 ) 2, 0582, 0582, 0582, 058 2, 0932, 0932, 0932, 093 2, 1062, 1062, 1062, 106 1, 9751, 9751, 9751, 975

dasaqmebuli dasaqmebuli dasaqmebuli dasaqmebuli 1, 7251, 7251, 7251, 725 1, 7841, 7841, 7841, 784 1, 7921, 7921, 7921, 792 1, 63 31, 63 31, 63 31, 63 3

daqiravebuli 737 743 741 710

TviT-dasaqmebuli 973 1, 023 1, 030 905

umuSevari (1 ) umuSevari (1 ) umuSevari (1 ) umuSevari (1 ) 292292292292 268268268268 266266266266 284284284284

umuSevari (2 ) umuSevari (2 ) umuSevari (2 ) umuSevari (2 ) 3 3 33 3 33 3 33 3 3 3 083 08308308 3 143 143 143 14 3 42342342342

umuSevrobis don e (procenti ) (1 )umuSevrobis don e (procenti ) (1 )umuSevrobis don e (procenti ) (1 )umuSevrobis don e (procenti ) (1 ) 14. 514. 514. 514. 5 13 . 013 . 013 . 013 . 0 12 . 912 . 912 . 912. 9 14. 814. 814. 814. 8

umuSevrobis don e (procenti ) (2 )umuSevrobis don e (procenti ) (2 )umuSevrobis don e (procenti ) (2 )umuSevrobis don e (procenti ) (2 ) 16. 216. 216. 216. 2 14. 714. 714. 714. 7 14. 914. 914. 914. 9 17 . 317 . 317 . 317 . 3 wyaro: ssd-s samuSao Zalis gamokvlevis monacemebi SeniSvna: (1 ) Sso-s standartiT (an “mkacri” kriteriumiT) (2 ) Sso-s ,,Serbilebuli” kriteriumiT

*1998 w. cifrebi ix. statistikuri danarTis cxrilSi *1998 w. cifrebi ix. statistikuri danarTis cxrilSi *1998 w. cifrebi ix. statistikuri danarTis cxrilSi *1998 w. cifrebi ix. statistikuri danarTis cxrilSi A7.1.

5 samuSao Zalis gamokvlevas ssd awarmoebs 1998 wlidan, Sso–sa da gaerTianebuli erebis ganviTarebis programis daxmarebiT.. 2 mimdinare SinameurneobaTa gamokvlevas ssd 1996 wlis mesame kvartlidan awarmoebs kanadis statistikis samsaxurTan erTad da msoflio bankis finansuri daxmarebiT. 3 im droisaTvis, rodesac gamocema mzad iyo dasabeWdad, samuSao Zalis gamokvlevis meoTxe kvartlis saboloo cifrebi xelmisawvdomi ar iyo.

Semosavlebi, dasaqmeba da socialuri uzrunvelyofaSemosavlebi, dasaqmeba da socialuri uzrunvelyofaSemosavlebi, dasaqmeba da socialuri uzrunvelyofaSemosavlebi, dasaqmeba da socialuri uzrunvelyofa


1999 wlis meore da mesame kvartlebSi dasaqmebis maCveneblebi izrdeboda,

Tumca Zalze umniSvnelod, xolo meoTxe kvartalSi isev daeca. dasaqmebis

cifrebisgan gansxvavebiT, umuSevrobis maCveneblebi (Sso-s standartiT4) sapirispiro

mimarTulebiT icvleboda da 1999 wlis meoTxe kvartalSi umuSevrobis donem piks

miaRwia (or weliwadSi). aRsaniSnavia, rom 1998 wels dasaqmebis maCvenebeli ufro

maRali iyo vidre 1999 wels, xolo umuSevrobis – dabali. 1998 wels ruseTis

finansurma krizisma garkveuli gavlena moaxdina saqarTvelos samuSao Zalis

bazarzec: samuSao Zalis kvlevis Sedegebi imaze metyvelebs, rom 1998 wlis meore

kvartalSi samuSao Zalis ricxvs mosaxleobis didi raodenoba gamoaklda da

mxolod 1999 wlis meore kvartalis Semdeg garkveuli nawili pirvelad an

xelmeored Sevida samuSao Zalis ricxvSi.

samuSao Zalis monawileobis koeficienti5, romelic 1998 wlis mesame

kvartlidan 67,2 - 66,6 procentis farglebSi meryeobda, 1999 wlis meoTxe kvartalSi

63,5 procentamde Semcirda - aseT ukiduresad dabal doneze igi 1998 wlis pirveli

kvartlis Semdeg pirvelad daeca (ix. statistikuri danarTis cxrili 7.1). ssd-s

samuSao Zalis kvlevis Sedegebis Tanaxmad, monawileobis yvelaze maRali

koeficienti dafiqsirda 25 wlis da am asaks gadacilebul mamakacTa Soris, xolo

yvelaze dabali – 15-25 asakobrivi jgufis qalTa Soris. bevri axalgazrda qali da

mamakaci samuSao Zalis bazarze Sesvlas ar Cqarobs da ufro met xans rCeba

saganmanaTleblo sistemaSi, riTac SeiZleba aixsnas 15-25-mde asakobriv jgufSi

monawileobis dabali koeficienti (42,5 procenti).

mTliani dasaqmebis naxevarze meti kvlavac TviTdasaqmebis wilad modis (1999

wlis meoTxe kvartalSi - 55,4 procenti), Tumca 1998 wlis meore kvartlis Semdeg,

rodesac yvelaze maRali maCvenebeli iqna dafiqsirebuli, TviTdasaqmebis wili

samuSao Zalis ricxvSi, iseve rogorc saerTo dasaqmebaSi, aSkarad klebulobda.

rogorc Cans, ruseTis krizisma imoqmeda dasaqmebaze da, kerZod, TviTdasaqmebis

mdgomareobaze, romelic ukve 1998 wlis mesame kvartlis cifrebSi aisaxa:

arasasoflo-sameurneo seqtorSi TviTdasaqmebulTa didi nawili dakavebulia

vaWrobis sferoSi da amdenad, mniSvnelovan wilad damokidebulia importze

ruseTidan; ruseTis krizisis Sedegad, ruseTidan Semotanil saqonelze fasebi

gaizarda da bevri TviTdasaqmebuli umuSevari darCa. zogierT maTgans bedma gauRima

da isini daqiravebul muSakTa ricxvs SeuerTdnen, xolo danarCenebi samuSaos gareSe

darCnen da maT xarjze umuSevrobis maCvenebeli kidev ufro gaizarda. rogorc

samuSao Zalis mimdinare gamokvlevis Sedegebi gviCvenebs, ekonomikis rig seqtorebSi,

soflis meurneobis seqtoris garda, 1999 wlis meoTxe kvartalSi TviTadasqmebis

maCvenebelma kvlav daiwyo zrda, ZiriTadad TviTdasaqmebulTa im nawilis xarjze,

romelic vaWrobisa da momsaxurebis seqtorSia dakavebuli, rac maT mxolod Zalzed

mcire Semosavlis miRebis saSualebas aZlevs.

4 Sso–s standartis, anu “mkacri” kriteriumis mixedviT, imedgacruebuli muSakebi ar iTvlebian samuSao Zalis nawilad. 5 mocemul asakobriv jgufSi ekonomikurad aqtiuri mosaxleobis (samuSao Zalis) Sefardeba am asakobrivi jgufis saerTo mosaxleobasTan.



nax. 7.1: TviTdasaqmeba seqtorebis mixedviT da “TviTdasaqmnax. 7.1: TviTdasaqmeba seqtorebis mixedviT da “TviTdasaqmnax. 7.1: TviTdasaqmeba seqtorebis mixedviT da “TviTdasaqmnax. 7.1: TviTdasaqmeba seqtorebis mixedviT da “TviTdasaqmeba soflad”, 1999 eba soflad”, 1999 eba soflad”, 1999 eba soflad”, 1999

0.0%

10.0%

20.0%

30.0%

40.0%

50.0%

60.0%

70.0%

80.0%

90.0%

soflis

meu

rneoba,

metyeveoba, T

evzWer

a

samTo an

gad

amamuSaveb

eli

mrew

veloba

mSeneb

loba

vaWroba,

sayofac

xovr

ebo

saqonl

is r

emont

i

transpo

rti,

kavS

irgab

muloba

kultura, s

porti,

das

veneba, s

xva

moms

axureb

a

sxva d

argeb

i

araa miT

iTeb

uli

wyaro: ssd-s SinameurneobaTa gamokvlevis monacemebi

im garemoebis gaTvaliswinebiT, rom sezonuri faqtorebi garkveul gavlenas

axdens TviTdasaqmebaze, niSandoblivia is faqti, rom samuSao Zalisa da

SinameurneobaTa kvlevaTa Sedegebi wliur klebas asaxaven, rac SeiZleba aixsnas

TviTdasaqmebulTa wiliT vaWrobisa da momsaxurebis seqtorSi da aseve soflis

meurneobis seqtorSic; soflad “TviTdasaqmebulTa” wili mTlian TviTdasaqmebaSi 84-

88 procentis farglebSi meryeobs (ix. zemoT mocemuli naxati 7.1)6. dakvirvebis

cifrebis da zepiri monacemebis safuZvelze SeiZleba vivaraudoT, rom soflis

meurneobis seqtorSi TviTadasqmebulTa ekonomikuri mdgomareoba TandaTan ufro

mZimdeba da xSirad isini Zlivs axerxeben Tavis rCenas. fermerebi, iseve rogorc

ekonomikis sxva seqtorebSi dakavebuli TviTdasaqmebulebi, Semosavlis sxva

wyaroebis Sovnas iwyeben - ZiriTadad, isini eZeben anazRaurebad samuSaos qalaqSi.

erTis mxriv, es iwvevs daqiravebul muSakTa wilis zrdas, xolo meores mxriv,

umuSevrobis koeficientis matebas, gansakuTrebiT, qalaqad.

arsebuli rTuli ekonomikuri viTareba arc TviTdasaqmebisaTvis da arc mcire

biznesis ganviTarebisTvis ar aris xelsayreli. msxvil kompaniebs yofil

TviTdasaqmebulTa mxolod mcire nawilis dasaqmeba SeuZliaT. rogorc momdevno

naxati gviCvenebs, 1999 wels alternatiuli samuSao, anu anazRaurebadi samuSao kerZo

seqtorSi, saSualod, zrdasruli mosaxleobis mxolod 8 procents (245,7 aTasi)

hqonda. daqiravebul muSakTa 60 procentze meti (245,7 aTasi) saxelmwifo seqtorSi

iyo dakavebuli, rac zrdasruli mosaxleobis 15 procents, xolo mTliani samuSao

Zalis 23,2 procents (466,6 aTasi) Seadgens. saxelmwifo seqtoris muSakTa didi

6 dasaqmebis kanonis Tanaxmad, 1 an meti heqtari sameurneo miwis mflobelebi da maTi ojaxis wevrebi TviTdasaqmebulebad iTvlebian da amitom, TviTdasaqmebulTa udidesi nawili miekuTvneba “soflis meurneobis, metyeveobisa da TevzWeris” seqtorSi dakavebul TviTdasaqmebulTa kategorias.



nawili – 70 procenti - sabiujeto organizaciebSi iyo dakavebuli, sadac isini

dabal xelfasebs Zalze arastabilurad iRebdnen. zrdasruli mosaxleobis saerTo

ricxvSi saxelmwifo seqtoris muSakTa da TviTdasaqmebulTa wili klebulobs, xolo

kerZo seqtoris muSakTa wili izrdeba.

nax.7.2: dasaqmebis maCveneblebi 15 wels zemoT mosaxleobisTvis, 1999 w.nax.7.2: dasaqmebis maCveneblebi 15 wels zemoT mosaxleobisTvis, 1999 w.nax.7.2: dasaqmebis maCveneblebi 15 wels zemoT mosaxleobisTvis, 1999 w.nax.7.2: dasaqmebis maCveneblebi 15 wels zemoT mosaxleobisTvis, 1999 w.

TviT-dasaqmebuli

30%umuSevari

9%

samuSao Zalis gareT

37%

kerZo seqtorSi

dasaqmebuli

8%

arasaxelmwifo,

ucxouri da

saerTaSoriso

organizaciebis

TanamSromlebi

1%

saxelmwifo seqtorSi

dasaqmebuli

15%

wyaro: ssdwyaro: ssdwyaro: ssdwyaro: ssd----s SinameurneobaTa gamokvlevis monacemebis SinameurneobaTa gamokvlevis monacemebis SinameurneobaTa gamokvlevis monacemebis SinameurneobaTa gamokvlevis monacemebi SeniSvna: samuSao Zalis miRma darCenili mosaxleobis wili mocemulia SsoSeniSvna: samuSao Zalis miRma darCenili mosaxleobis wili mocemulia SsoSeniSvna: samuSao Zalis miRma darCenili mosaxleobis wili mocemulia SsoSeniSvna: samuSao Zalis miRma darCenili mosaxleobis wili mocemulia Sso----s “mkacri” standartiT s “mkacri” standartiT s “mkacri” standartiT s “mkacri” standartiT Sefasebis mixedviT, anu imedgacruebul muSakTa ricxvis CaTvliT.Sefasebis mixedviT, anu imedgacruebul muSakTa ricxvis CaTvliT.Sefasebis mixedviT, anu imedgacruebul muSakTa ricxvis CaTvliT.Sefasebis mixedviT, anu imedgacruebul muSakTa ricxvis CaTvliT.

maSin, rodesac zrdasrul mosaxleobaSi umuSevarTa wili praqtikulad

ucvleli rCeba (9 procenti), samuSao Zalis miRma darCenili mosaxleobis wili

izrdeba. aramomuSave pensionerebi ekonomikurad araaqtiuri mosaxleobis udidess

wils Seadgenen (ix. momdevno cxrili), radganac xandazmuli muSakebi pirvel rigSi

xvdebian samuSao Statis SemcirebebSi da maTTvis, samuSao karieris dasasruls

TiTqmis SeuZlebelia axali samuSao adgilis Sovna. am kategoriis meore da mesame

Semadgenel nawilebs studentebi da diasaxlisebi warmoadgenen. samuSao Zalis

gamokvlevis Sedegebis mixedviT, ekonomikurad araaqtiuri mosaxleobis 70 procents

qalebi Seadgenen. samuSao Zalis miRma darCenil mosaxleobaSi imedgacruebul

muSakTa wili damafiqrebelia. amave dros, Sso-s “Serbilebuli” standartiT isini

samuSao Zalis 3 procents Seadgenen.

nax. 7.3: samuSao Zalis miRma darCenili mosaxleoba, 199nax. 7.3: samuSao Zalis miRma darCenili mosaxleoba, 199nax. 7.3: samuSao Zalis miRma darCenili mosaxleoba, 199nax. 7.3: samuSao Zalis miRma darCenili mosaxleoba, 1999999



ar amo muS ave

p en si o n er eb i

3 9%

ar amo muS ave

st ud en t eb i

22%

d i as axl i si

21%

i med gac r u eb ul

i mu S akeb i

6%

sxva

10%

mud mi vad

ar aS r o mi su n ar

i an i

2%

wyaro: ssd-s samuSao Zalis gamokvlevis monacemebi SeniSvna:Sso-s “Serbilebuli” kriteriumiT imedgacruebul muSakTa ricxvi warmoadgens samuSao Zalis nawils, xolo Sso-s “mkacri” Sefasebis kriteriumiT, igi warmoadgens samuSao Zalis miRma darCenili mosaxlobis nawils..

umuSevrobaumuSevrobaumuSevrobaumuSevroba

umuSevroba ar Semcirebas da dasaqmebis perspeqtiva arasaxarbieloa.

miuxedavad imisa, rom registraciaze dafuZnebuli umuSevrobis maCvenebeli

metismetad optimisturad mxolod 5,3 procentze iqna dafiqsirebuli, sinamdvileSi

es maCvenebeli samuSao bazris gaaqtiurebis amsaxvelad ar SeiZleba CaiTvalos. im

pirobebSi, rodesac registraciis gasavlelad aranairi stimulebi ar arsebobs

(umuSevarTa daxmareba, saSualod, 12 lars Seadgens) gakvirvebas iwvevs is faqti, rom

umuSevarTa mTliani ricxvis 30 procenti, imedgacruebul muSakTa CaTvliT (samuSao

Zalaze dakvirvebis monacemebi), mainc tardeba registraciaSi.

1999 wlis meoTxe kvartalSi umuSevrobis erovnuli donis maCvenebli,

romelic ssd-s samuSao Zalaze dakvirvebis Sedegad iqna miRebuli, Sso-s “mkacri”

Sefasebis standartiT 14,8 procenti, xolo Sso-s “Serbilebuli” kriteriumiT – 17,3

procenti iyo, rac saSualod, kvartaluri zrdis 2,2 procentul punqts, xolo

yovelwliuri zrdis 2,5 procentul punqts Seadgens (ix. cxrili 7.1 da statistikuri

danarTis cxrili 7.1a.). es zrda, TavisTavad, sagangaSo niSania, romelic samuSao

Zalis bazarze arsebuli mdgomareobis gauaresebaze miuTiTebs. amasTan, cifrebi

gviCvenebs, rom umuSevrobis maCvenebeli, romelic imedgacruebul muSakTa

raodenobas moicavs, ufro swrafad izrdeba, vidre Sso-s “mkacri” Sefasebis

standartiT gaangariSebuli umuSevrobis maCvenebeli – rac asaxavs im faqts, rom

samuSao Zalis miRma darCenilTa ricxvi sul ufro matulobs.

umuSevrobis done stabilurad izrdeba. samuSao Zalis ricxvis SemcirebasTan

erTad, umuSevrobis zrda kidev metad amZimebs samuSao bazris pirobebs. samuSao

Zalis ricxvis kleba, Tavis mxriv, xangrZlivi umuSevrobis erT-erTi Sedegia:

ramodenime wlis manZilze umuSevari samuSaos maZieblebi samuSaos Sovnis imeds

kargaven da amis Sedegad, samuSao Zalis ricxvs akldebian. is faqti, rom samuSao

asakis adamianebi samuSaos Zebnas Tavs anebeben, TandaTan Cveulebriv movlenad iqca.

aq ramodenime mizezi SeiZleba vivaraudoT: imedgacruebuli muSakebi Tvlian, rom

TavianTi profesiuli codnis Sesaferiss samuSaos ver iSovian, an metwilad is

samuSao, romlis Sovnac SeiZleba, ukiduresad dabal anazRaurebadia, an isini

sakmaod didi xnis manZilze uSedegod eZebdnen samuSaos. registrirebuli

umuSevrobis oficialuri monacemebi gviCvenebs, rom registrirebul umuSevarTa 50



procentze meti sami da meti wlis ganmavlobaSi samuSaos gareSe iyo darCenili,

xolo samuSao Zalis gamokvlevis Sedegebi adasturebs, rom 1998-1999 ww. ganmavlobaSi

umuSevrobis saSualo periodi 16 Tvemde Seadgenda. didi xnis umuSevars samuSaos

Sovnis metad susti perspeqtiva aqvs da, rac ufro didia umuSevrobis periodi miT

ufro naklebia samuSaos Sovnis SesaZleblobac: didi xnis umuSevrobas Sedegad

mohyveba profesiuli codnis da kvalifikaciis dakargva da damqiraveblebic Tavs

ikaveben maTi samsaxurSi miRebisgan. maT emuqreba samuSao Zalis ricxvidan

amovardna, xolo momavalSi socialuri izolacia da socialuri gandgoma. aseTi

Sedegebis SezRudvisa da SesaZleblobisdagvarad Tavidan acilebis mizniT, saWiroa

im pirTa dasaqmebaze mimarTuli RonisZiebebis gaumjobeseba, romlebsac momavalSi

xangrZlivi umuSevroba da imedgacruebul muSakTa samuSao Zalis rigebSi dabruneba

emuqreba.

samuSao Zalis kvlevis Sedegebi gviCvenebs, rom maSin rodesac umuSevrobis

maCvenebeli soflad sul 5,1 procents Seadgens (Sso-s mkacri Sefasebis

kriteriumebis mixedviT) umuSevrobis maCvenebeli qalaqad metismetad maRalia (25,6

procenti); amasTan, umuSevrobis yvelaze maRali maCvenebeli dafiqsirebulia

TbilisSi – 28,5 procenti. imedgacruebul muSakTa CaTvliT, samuSao bazris

mdgomareoba kidev ufro mZimed gamoiyureba: Sesabamisad, umuSevrobis maCveneblebi

soflad 6,6 procentia, saqarTvelos danarCen qalaqebSi - 28,9 procenti, xolo

dedaqalaqSi - 30,8 procenti. Tu gaviTvaliswinebT, rom mTliani samuSao Zalis 67,3

procenti soflad “TviTdasaqmebulTa” wilad modis (ssd-s SinameurneobaTa mimdinare

gamokvlevis monacemebi) da maTi umetesoba Zlivs axerxebs Tavis rCenas, naTeli

xdeba, rom Sso-s erovnuli umuSevrobis maCveneblebic ki metismetad optimistur

suraTs iZleva.

arasruli dasaqmeba, SeniRbuli umuSevroba6 da faruli umuSevroba7 dResac

farTodaa gavrcelebuli, xolo muSakTa didi nawili saerTod daTxovil iqna

samsaxuridan. saxelmwifo seqtorSi samuSao adgilebis raodenoba Zalze

SezRudulia, samuSao Zalis did nawils profesiuli codna ar gaaCnia da amitom,

samuSao adgilebi umeteswilad iqmneba arasaxelmwifo seqtorSi, romelic samuSao

adgilebs ZiriTadad qalaqebsa da sustad ganviTarebul soflis meurneobebSi

uzrunvelyobs; amasTan, bevri samuSao adgili uzrunvelhyofs arasrul an droebiT

dasaqmebas. maSasadame, dasaqmebulTa udidesi nawili samuSao bazarze

mcireanazRaurebad, an droebiT samsaxurSia dasaqmebuli, sadac cudi da

mouwesrigebeli samuSao pirobebia. yovelive es, ufro arasruli dasaqmebis zrdisa

da ara Ria umuSevrobis saxiT aisaxeba.

matulobs im adamianTa ricxvi, vinc pirvelad da meorad samuSaosac

araformalur seqtorSi Soulobs. araformaluri saqmianoba ZiriTadad, mxolod

6 SeniRbuli umuSevroba umuSevrobis iseTi formaa, rodesac adamianebi, romelTac Sromis unari da survili gaaCniaT, ar gadian registracias umuSevarTa an samuSaos maZiebelTa kategoriiT, ris gamoc umuSevrobis oficialur monacemebSi maTi raodenoba ar aris warmodgenili. vidre umuSevrobis registraciis gasavlelad xalxs garkveuli stimuli ar miecema, umuSevrobis umuSevrobis oficialuri cifri realurze bevrad dabali iqneba.

7 faruli umuSevroba – viTareba romlis drosac, miuxedavad imisa, rom adamianebi formalurad dasaqmebulebi arian, mwarmoeblobis done Zalian umniSvneloa, an sulac nulovani (mag. gaberili Statebi).



minimalur Semosavals iZleva da aris aRuricxavi, araregistrirebuli da

arakontrolirebadi mcire biznesi, romelic xSirad, arastabiluri TviTdasaqmebis

formas warmoadgens. ssd-s oficialuri monacemebiT, araformaluri ekonomika mSp-s

40 procents warmoadgens; Tumca, cxadia, es cifri dadablebulia, radganac mxolod

TviTdasaqmeba, romelic metwilad araformalur saqmianobas warmoadgens, saerTo

dasaqmebis 55 procentze mets Seadgens (samuSao Zalis gamokvlevis Sedegebi).

umuSevrobis erovnuli maCveneblebi yovelive zemoaRniSnul faqtorTa gamo

didi uzustobiT gamoirCeva. realurad, umuSevrobis maCvenebeli gacilebiT maRalia.

xelfasebixelfasebixelfasebixelfasebi

1999 wlis ivnisSi, prezidentis dadgenilebis Tanaxmad, oTxwliani

intervalis Semdeg, minimaluri xelfasis principi xelaxla iqna SemoRebuli. mas

Semdeg, sabiujeto organizaciebis8 muSakTa xelfasi TveSi 20-66 laris farglebSi

meryeobs (aqedan gamonakliss warmoadgenen mxolod maRalmTiani raionebis

sabiujeto organizaciebis muSakebi, romelTa xelfasebis gaormageba moxda Sromis

kodeqsSi 1999 wlis ivnisSi Setanili damatebis safuZvelze). im pirobiT, Tu

daubegravi minimaluri Semosavali pirveladi dasaqmebidan ucvleli darCeba da

TveSi 9 lars Seadgens, varaudobdnen, rom minimaluri xelfasis principis xelaxla

SemoRebis RonisZieba gazrdida sagadasaxado Semosavlebs biujetSi. vinaidan, Tu ki

oficialurad registrirebuli xelfasi daubegrav minimalur Semosavals

utoldeboda, axla saWiro gaxda danarCeni 11 laris legalizaciac. Tumca naklebad

savaraudoa, rom oficialuri minimaluri xelfasis ganakveTis xelaxali SemoReba

xels Seuwyobs xelfasis danarCeni araoficialuri nawilis legalizacias.

rogorc ssd-s mier ganxorcielebuli SinameurneobaTa kvlevis Sedegebi

gviCvenebs, mTeli qveynis masStabiT daqiravebul muSakTa saSualo Tviuri

nominaluri xelfasebi 1999 wels 61,2 lars Seadgenda, rac yovelwliur, 10,5 procent

nominaluri zrdas asaxavs; Tumca, sfi-s Tu gaviTvaliswinebT, realuri xelfasi

klebulobs. rogorc momdevno cxrili gviCvenebs, yvelaze maRali xelfasebi aqvT

saerTaSoriso organizaciebis muSakebs (daqiravebul muSakTa saerTo raodenobis

sul 0,1 procenti), finansuri momsaxurebis seqtoris muSakebs (0,7 procenti) da

mSenebel muSebs (1,4 procenti). yvelaze dabali Tviuri xelfasebi im seqtorebSia,

romlebic muSakTa SedarebiT did nawils moicavs: ganaTlebis (10,2 procenti) da

jandacvis (6,2 procenti) seqtorebi. sainteresoa, rom 1999 wels faqtiurad

respodentTa naxevarma ar daakonkreta erovnuli ekonomikis is seqtori, romelsac

maTi saqmianoba miekuTvneboda da am “daukonkretebel” seqtorSi saSualo Tviuri

xelfasi 65,1 lars Seadgenda. 1998 da 1999 wlebis monacemTa Sedarebis safuZvelze

SeiZleba vivaraudoT, rom daqiravebul muSakTa ricxvis mniSvnelovanma Semcirebam

iseT msxvil seqtorebSi, rogoricaa soflis meurneoba, metyeveoba da TevzWera;

gadamamuSavebeli mrewveloba; eleqtroenergiis, gazisa da wylis momarageba;

mSenebloba; vaWroba da momsaxureba; transporti da kavSirgabmuloba; saxelmwifo

marTva da Tavdacva; ganaTleba; jandacva; da kultura, sporti da dasveneba, xeli

8 sabiujeto organizacia ewodeba saxelmwifo organizacias, romlis dafinanseba saxelmwifo biujetis subsidiebiT xdeba.



Seuwyo am “daukonkretebeli” seqtoris yovlad moulodnel da Znelad asaxsnel

zrdas.

cxrili 7.2: daqiravebul muSakTa saSualo Tviuri xelfasebi ekonomikuri saqmianobis cxrili 7.2: daqiravebul muSakTa saSualo Tviuri xelfasebi ekonomikuri saqmianobis cxrili 7.2: daqiravebul muSakTa saSualo Tviuri xelfasebi ekonomikuri saqmianobis cxrili 7.2: daqiravebul muSakTa saSualo Tviuri xelfasebi ekonomikuri saqmianobis

mixedviTmixedviTmixedviTmixedviT seqtoriseqtoriseqtoriseqtori

aTasi kaciaTasi kaciaTasi kaciaTasi kaci procentiprocentiprocentiprocenti saSualo saSualo saSualo saSualo

Tviuri Tviuri Tviuri Tviuri

xelfasixelfasixelfasixelfasi

aTasi kaciaTasi kaciaTasi kaciaTasi kaci procentiprocentiprocentiprocenti saSualo saSualo saSualo saSualo

Tviuri Tviuri Tviuri Tviuri

xelfasixelfasixelfasixelfasi

soflis meurneoba, metyeveoba, TevzWera 53.3 7.1 35.0 24.3 3.3 32.2

samTomompovebeli mrewveloba 7.0 0.9 65.1 3.9 0.5 81.4

gadamamuSavebeli mrewveloba 69.1 9.2 67.3 35.4 4.8 61.7

eleqtroenergia, gazi, wyalmomarageba 28.2 3.8 71.3 15.3 2.1 58.6

mSenebloba 29.1 3.9 112.9 10.6 1.4 107.3

vaWroba, sayofacxovrebo saqonlis remonti 65.5 8.8 76.7 35.1 4.7 96.7

sastumroebi da restornebi 9.1 1.2 79.4 2.8 0.4 70.0

transporti, kavSirgabmuloba 71.9 9.6 83.2 33.6 4.5 72.9

safinanso Suamavloba 9.8 1.3 91.5 5.4 0.7 126.7

operaciebi uZravi qonebiT, kvleviTi samuSaoebi 5.8 0.8 47.9 3.7 0.5 36.0

saxelmwifos marTva, Tavdacva 89.0 11.9 67.3 44.3 6.0 60.0

ganaTleba 145.7 19.5 30.1 75.9 10.2 32.5

jandacva 81.2 10.9 33.2 46.0 6.2 30.4

kultura, sporti, dasveneba, sxva momsaxureba 67.0 9.0 57.4 33.8 4.6 61.3

sxva dargebi 7.8 1.0 66.2 3.5 0.5 59.6

saerTaSoriso organizaciebi 1.6 0.2 254.3 0.9 0.1 525.8

araa miTiTebuli 6.0 0.8 45.5 366.4 49.5 65.1

sul 747 . 3747 . 3747 . 3747 . 3 100. 0100. 0100. 0100. 0 5 8 . 05 8 . 05 8 . 05 8 . 0 740. 8740. 8740. 8740. 8 100 . 0100 . 0100 . 0100 . 0 61 . 261 . 261 . 261 . 2

1998199819981998 1999199919991999

wyaro: ssd-s SinameurneobaTa gamokvlevis monacemebi SeniSvna: saSualo Tviuri xelfasi aris yvela saSualo Tviuri xelfasebis Sewonili saSualo.

1999 wels saxelmwifo seqtoris muSakTa saSualo Tviuri xelfasis ganakveTi

kerZo seqtoris muSakTa xelfasis 54,2 procents Seadgenda, xolo mamakacTa xelfasi

40 procentiT aRemateboda qalTa xelfass. 1998-1999 ww. kerZo seqtorSi dasaqmebulTa

ricxvi matulobda, xolo saxelmwifo seqtorSi daqiravebul muSakTa ricxvi

klebulobda. 1999 wels rogorc saxelmwifo, aseve kerZo seqtoris muSakTa

nominaluri xelfasebi 1998 welTan SedarebiT gaizarda, Tumca kerZo seqtorSi

xelfasebi ufro swrafad izrdeboda, vidre saxelmwifo seqtorSi. amasTan,

aRsaniSnavia, rom xelfasebis wliuri zrda mxolod nominalur gamosaxulebaSi

moxda.

1999 wlis bolosaTvis10, saSualo Tviuri xelfasis wili oTxsuliani ojaxis

minimalur saarsebo doneSi 1998 wlis bolosTan SedarebiT, ucvleli darCa (32,8

procenti) – rac am orive maCveneblis da sfi-s nominaluri zrdis Sedegs

warmoadgens.

“minimaluri normatiuli xelfasis”11 ganakveTi sezonur klebas ganagrZobda

(47,9 laridan 1999 wlis meore kvartalSi) da 1999 wlis mesame kvartalis bolos

saSualo (oTxsuliani) ojaxis erT muSakze TveSi 43,5 laramde, xolo 1999 wlis

meoTxe kvartlis bolos - 43,9 laramde Semcirda. wlis bolos normatiul minimalur

10 rodesac gamocema mzad iyo dasabeWdad, 2000 wlis 1kv. monacemebi mTeli qveynis masStabiT saSualo xelfasis Sesaxeb jer xelmisawvdomi ar iyo. 11 “minimaluri normatiuli xelfasi”, sxva SemosavlebTan erTad, unda uzrunvelyofdes saSualo Sinameurneobas (4-sulian ojaxs) minimaluri saarsebo doniT.



xelfasSi minimaluri xelfasis wilma 45,6 procenti Seadgina. 2000 wlis pirvel

kvartalSi “normatiulma minimalurma xelfasma” 46,3 lars miaRwia da minimalurma

xelfasma misi 43,2 procenti Seadgina.

nominaluri xelfasebi mcireoden zrdas asaxaven, romelsac mzardi sfi-s

aneitralebs. realuri xelfasebi klebas ganicdis. saxelmwifo seqtoris bevri

muSaki mxolod simbolur xelfass iRebs, farTodaa gavrcelebuli xelfasebis

droulad ar gacema da sabiujeto organizaciebis muSakTa xelfasebze davalianeba

kvlavac grovdeba. kerZo seqtorSi dasaqmebulTa wili izrdeba, rac uflebas

gvaZlevs vivaraudoT, rom izrdeba im adamianTa ricxvi, vinc regularulad iRebs

xelfass; Tumca kerZo seqtorSi samuSao, metwilad, arastabiluria da muSakTa

udidesi nawili araformalur seqtorSia dakavebuli.

cxrili 7.3: xelfasebis davalianeba, 1999 w. 2000 wlis maisis mdgomareobiTcxrili 7.3: xelfasebis davalianeba, 1999 w. 2000 wlis maisis mdgomareobiTcxrili 7.3: xelfasebis davalianeba, 1999 w. 2000 wlis maisis mdgomareobiTcxrili 7.3: xelfasebis davalianeba, 1999 w. 2000 wlis maisis mdgomareobiT

(milioni lari)

periodi xelfasebze dagrovili davalianeba,

periodis bolos

biujetis davalianeba

xelfasebze davalianeba, ganxilvis periodSi

biujetis davalianeba

1999 kv.1 89.9 40.6 27.9 14.8

1999 kv.2 127.8 45.9 33.1 16.5

1999 kv.3 99.9 50.7 50.7 33.2

1999 kv.4 119 61.4 72.6 39.3

wyaro: monacemebi statistikis saxelmwifo departamentis Tviuri angariSidan

Semosavlebis struqturaSemosavlebis struqturaSemosavlebis struqturaSemosavlebis struqtura

1996 wlis meore kvartlidan ssd-i awarmoebs SinameurneobaTa gamokvlevas,

romelic warmoadgens informaciis vrcel da saimedo wyaros SinameurneobaTa

biujetis, Semosavlebis ganawilebisa da moxmarebis modelebis Sesaxeb. mopovebuli

monacemebi, romlebic mTeli saqarTvelos masStabiT 5 200 Sinameurneobas moicavs,

Zalzed sainteresoa. marTalia Semosavlebis monacemebi, Cveulebriv, arasrulad aris

warmodgenili, isini uzrunvelyofen informacias Semosavlebis struqturis Sesaxeb,

romlis mopoveba, danaxarjebis monacemTa mixedviT, SeuZlebelia miuxedavad imisa,

rom am monacemebebze respodentTa pasuxebi meti sizustiT gamoirCeva.

SinameurneobaTa mimdinare kvlevis Sedegad 3,5 wlis ganmavlobaSi

Segrovebuli monacemebi saSualebas gvaZlevs gavakeTod ramodenime daskvna

SinameurneobaTa Semosavlebis saerTo suraTis dinamikis Taobaze. gasuli periodis

ganmavlobaSi SinameurneobaTa saerTo SemosavlebSi ramdenadme arsebiTi zrda ar

asaxula; piriqiT, saSualo wliuri absoluturi cifrebis mcireodeni zrda,

inflaciis donis zrdas Tu gaviTvaliswinebT, SinameurneobaTa buijetis saerTo

mdgomareobis gauaresebaze miuTiTebs. arafuladi Semosavli, romelic

SinameurneobaTa biujetis, gansakuTrebiT ki mcireSemosavlian SinameurneobaTa

biujetis, mniSvnelovan nawils warmoadgens, stabilur klebas asaxavda, romelic,

nominalur gamosaxulebaSic ki, 1999 wlis mesame da meoTxe kvartlebamde

grZeldeboda, xolo Semdeg ki arafuladma Semosavlebma zrda daiwyo. rogorc Cans,



zogierT Sinameurneobas, romelmac meore kvartalSi xelfasi ver miiRo, didi

Zalisxmeva dasWirda, raTa kompensacia arafuladi Semosavlebis xarjze moexdina.

miuxedavad imisa, rom fuladi Semosavlebis maCveneblebi umniSvnelo

nominalur zrdas asaxavdnen, es zrda garkveuli struqturuli cvlilebebiT

xasiaTdeboda. anazRaurebad samsaxurSi dasaqmebulTa Semosavlebi matulobda, maSin

rodesac TviTdasaqmebulTa Semosavlebi klebulobda, rac kerZo seqtorSi

daqiravebul muSakTa mzardi ricxvis da TviTdasaqmebis arastabilurobis amsaxvelia

da agreTve adasturebs im zepir informacias, romlis Tanaxmadac SedarebiT farTod

gavrcelebuli TviTdasaqmeba sinamdvileSi metwilad mxolod umniSvnelo

Semosavlis miRebis saSualebas warmoadgens. saqonlis gayidvidan miRebuli

Semosavali garkveul nominalur zrdas gamoxatavda, rac sfi-s zrdis amsaxvelia;

Tumca, absoluturi cifrebi ukiduresad dabalia da imaze metyvelebs, rom

SinameurneobaTa biujetis CamoyalibebaSi soflis meurneobaSi TviTdasaqmebis rols

gadaWarbebuli mniSvneloba eniWeba. gasuli ori wlis ganmavlobaSi gaizarda qonebis

gaqiraveba-gayidvis da danazogebis sesxebisa Tu gamoyenebis xarjze miRebuli

Semosavali, rac gasakviri ar aris Tu gaviTvaliswinebT, rom xelfassa da sxva

socialur daxmarebebze arsebuli davalianebebis gamo, Sinameurneobebi iZulebuli

arian Tavis sarCenad alternatiul saSualebebs mimarTon.

aSkaraa, rom minimalur saarsebo dones SinameurneobaTa saSualo Tviuri

Semosavlebic ki CamourCeba (1999 wlis meoTxe kvartlis bolos saSualo ojaxisTvis

- minimaluri saarsebo donis 94 procenti), xolo araformaluri saqmianoba kvlavac

Seadgens SinameurneobaTa Semosavlis arsebiT wils.

minimaluri saarsebo doneminimaluri saarsebo doneminimaluri saarsebo doneminimaluri saarsebo done

minimaluri saarsebo donis gaangariSeba xdeba moZvelebuli meTodiT –

meTodiT, romelic SemoRebul iqna 90-ani wlebis dasawyisSi da romlis axali

meTodiT Secvlis aucileblobis sakiTxis ganxilva ukve ramodenime welia

mimdinareobs. 1999 wlis agvistoSi gamarTul samTavrobo sxdomaze miRebul iqna

gadawyvetileba “gaangariSebis meTodSi cvlilebebis Setanisa da minimaluri

saarsebo donis gadaangariSebis” Taobaze. agreTve SemuSavda prezidentis

dadgenilebis proeqti “saarsebo minimumis gansazRvrisa da gamoyenebis” Sesaxeb.

magram, mas Semdeg aranairi sxva oficialuri zomebi ar miRebula da Zveli meTodis

gamoyeneba dResac grZeldeba.

SinameurneobaTa gamokvleva, romelsac ssd 1996 wlis meore kvartlidan

awarmoebs, swavlobs SinameurneobaTa Semosavlebs, xarjebsa da moxmarebas. mas

Semdeg Seqmnili sakmaod myari monacemTa baza SesaZlebels xdis realuri

minimaluri saarsebo doneebis gansazRvras. es monacemebi imaze miuTiTebs, rom

SinameurneobaTa Semosavlebisa da xarjebis doneebi da moxmarebis struqtura da

modelebi garkveul cvlilebebs ganicdidnen, gansakuTrebiT ki bolo periodis

ganmavlobaSi da cxadia, rom TiTqmis 10 wlis win SemoRebuli meTodi srulad ver

asaxavs dRevandel SinameurneobaTa saWiroebebs da Sesabamisad, realur suraTs.



SinameurneobaTa monacemebze dayrdnobiT ssd-s gaangariSebuli aqvs

“alternatiuli” saarsebo minimumi, romelic warmoadgens moxmarebis Sefasebas e.w.

“statistikuri panelis” monacemTa safuZvelze (erTi individualuri Sinameurneobis

saSualo wliuri moxmareba). iTvleba, rom aseTi midgoma calkeul kvartalur

dakvirvebebTan SedarebiT ufro zustia, vinaidan ramodenime kvartaluri dakvirvebis

safuZvelze monacemTa agebis dros SemTxveviTi aqtiurobis gavlena minimumamde aris

dayvanili. “statistikuri panelis” gamokvlevis Sedegebma gviCvena, rom mTlian

moxmarebaSi sasursaTo kalaTis wili Seicvala: Tu ki im meTodis mixedviT, romelic

1991 wlidan gamoiyeneba, sasursaTo da arasasursaTo komponentTa Sefardeba 70/30-Tan

iyo, “statistikuri panelis” mixedviT gamovlenili Sefardeba Seadgenda 60/40-Tan.

“statistikuri panelis” mixedviT gaangariSebuli minimaluri saarsebo done

aRemateboda kvartaluri dakvirvebebis safuZvelze gaangariSebul dones, xolo

Tavis mxriv es orive done ssd-s mier saqarTvelos 6 mTavari qalaqis mixedviT

mopovebul fasTa monacemebis (erTi momuSave adamianisTvis 2500 kaloriis Semcveli

kalaTis safuZvelze) gamoyenebiT regularulad gaangariSebul oficialur

minimalur saarsebo doneze dabali iyo.

ssd–s mier gamoqveynebuli minimaluri saarsebo doneebi 1999 wlis meoTxe

kvartlis bolosaTvis Seadgenda: 110,3 lars erTi momuSavisaTvis, 96,7 lars saSualo

momxmareblisTvis da 191,8 lars - oTxsuliani ojaxisTvis rac, saSualod,

yovelwliuri zrdis 5,1 procents, xolo wina kvartlis bolosTan SedarebiT -

umTavresad sezonuri faqtoris gamo - zrdis 0,8 procents Seadgens. rogorc

yovelTvis, TbilisSi minimaluri saarsebo done erovnul saSualo dones

aRemateboda, amjerad 2,7 procentiT. 2000 wlis pirveli kvartlisTvis minimaluri

saarsebo doneebi Seadgenda: 116,5 lars erTi momuSavisaTvis, 102,2 lars saSualo

momxmareblisTvis da 202,6 lars - oTxsuliani ojaxisTvis



nax. 7.4: oficialuri minimaluri saarsebo done erovnul fasebze dayrdnobiTnax. 7.4: oficialuri minimaluri saarsebo done erovnul fasebze dayrdnobiTnax. 7.4: oficialuri minimaluri saarsebo done erovnul fasebze dayrdnobiTnax. 7.4: oficialuri minimaluri saarsebo done erovnul fasebze dayrdnobiT

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saSualo momxmarebeli

oTxkaciani ojaxi

momuSave pirovneba

wyaro: ssd-s monacemebi SeniSvna: 1996 w. ivlisamde mxolod TbilisisTvis, 1996 w. ivlisidan saqarTvelos 6 qalaqisTvis 1995 w. seqtembridan - larebSi

socialuri uzrunvelyofis sistema socialuri uzrunvelyofis sistema socialuri uzrunvelyofis sistema socialuri uzrunvelyofis sistema

socialuri politikis reforma dRis wesrigSi dgas da misi mniSvneloba kidev

ufro izrdeba gardamavali periodis mosalodnelze ufro gaxangrZlivebis gamo. is

faqti, rom gardamavali periodis simZime mxrebze awveba yvelaze daucvel

mosaxleobas – mosaxleobas, romelsac yvelaze naklebad Seswevs am tvirTis tareba -

moulodnelobas ar warmoadgens. damtkicda rom, dResdReobiT, socialuri

uzrunvelyofis sistema ar aris sakmarisad efeqturi, raTa uzrunvelhyos RaribTa

dacvis srulyofili meqanizmi da ver axerxebs xandazmulTa kategoriis yvelaze

elementaruli moTxovnilebebis dakmayofilebas. amJamad, sagadasaxado Semosavlebis

Segrovebis dabali donis gamo ar xerxdeba ukiduresad dabali pensiebisa da

mizanmimarTuli socialuri daxmarebebis dafinanseba, rom araferi iTqvas

daxmarebebis ganakveTis gazrdaze. pirvel rigSi, unda moxdes dagvianebuli

xelfasebis gadaxda, rac gzas gaukafavs sapensio davalianebis dafarvas.

saxelmwifos mier gaTvaliswinebuli socialuri dacvis sistema safuZvlian

restruqturizacias moiTxovs, rac finansuri krizisis pirobebSi, did Zalisxmevas

saWiroebs. es Zalisxmeva mizanmimarTuli unda iyos ekonomikurad

sicocxlisunariani, xelmisawvdomi da Tanabari socialuri uzrunvelyofis sistemis

Seqmnaze, romelic xels Seuwyobs social-ekonomikur ganviTarebas. mTavrobam, 1999

wlis 22 ianvars gamarTul sxdomaze warmoadgina “socialuri ganviTarebis

koncefcia”; amiT mTavrobam ganacxada rom igi, qveynis prezidentis mxardaWeriT,

apirebs grZelvadiani reformebis ganxorcielebas socialuri seqtorSi. “socialuri

reformebis koncefcia” Semdgom damuSavebasa da daxvewas saWiroebs.



saxelmwifo socialuri daxmarebasaxelmwifo socialuri daxmarebasaxelmwifo socialuri daxmarebasaxelmwifo socialuri daxmareba

1998 wlis dasawyisSi SemoRebulma saxelmwifo socialuri daxmarebis

programam Secvala e.w. ojaxuri daxmareba12, romelic gaWirvebulTa SedarebiT

farTo jgufs moicavda (registrirebul umuSevarTa CaTvliT). am programam

SemoRebisTanave daiwyo davalianebebis dagroveba da kvlavac sakmaod araregularul

xasiaTs atarebs. saxelmwifo socialuri daxmareba gamiznulia yvelaze gaWirvebul

ojaxTa mxolod erT kategoriaze - martoxela aramomuSave pensionerebze, romelTac

oficialuri marCenali ara yavT da faqtobrivad, warmoadgens erTgvar damatebas,

romelic xandazmulTa yvelaze daucvelma nawilma simbolur pensiebTan erTad unda

miiRos. saxelmwifo socialuri daxmarebis odenoba gaizarda da axla Sesabamisi 1

suliani ojaxisTvis 18 lars, xolo Sesabamisi 2 da met suliani ojaxisaTvis 29

lars Seadgens. iseT pirobebSi, rodesac faqtobrivad SeuZlebelia daxmarebis

mimRebTa dasadgenad Semosavlebis testirebis13 Catareba, logikuri iqneba daxmarebis

potenciur kandidatTa kategoriebis gansazRvra. Tumca, im SemTxvevaSic ki, Tu

saxelmwifo socialuri daxmareba14 mizanmimarTulad iqneba gamoyenebuli mxolod

RaribTa ojaxebis yvelaze daucveli kategoriis dasaxmareblad (rac, uRaribesi

deciluri jgufis sul 12 procents Seadgens), misi gacemis SesaZlebloba ufro

realuri ar gaxdeba. miuxedavad imisa, rom socialur daxmarebas 1999 wlis biujetSi

prioritetuli mniSvneloba unda miniWeboda, aSkaraa, rom am daxmarebis gacema

SeuZlebeli gaxda da metad gazarda sabiujeto davalianeba.

umuSevarTumuSevarTumuSevarTumuSevarTa daxmarebaa daxmarebaa daxmarebaa daxmareba

standartuli Tviuri umuSevrobis Semweoba Seadgens 14 lars umuSevrobis

pirveli ori TvisTvis, 12 lars Semdgomi ori da 11 lars bolo ori TvisTvis. dRes-

dReobiT, umuSevrobis Semweoba15, faqtobrivad, umuSevarTa minimalur daxmarebas

warmoadgens. es simboluri Tanxaa (TveSi daaxloebiT 6,5 aSS dolaris eqvivalents

Seadgens) da amave dros, am daxmarebis mimRebTa statusis misaRebad umuSevarma unda

gaiaros registracia da, Sesabamisad, unda iqonios saxelmwifo seqtorSi muSaobis

damadasturebeli sabuTi. amasTan, daxmarebis gacema umuSevrobis registraciidan

mxolod pirveli eqvsi Tvis ganmavlobaSi xdeba. umuSevrobis fondis muSakTa

Tanaxmad, umuSevrobis Semweoba regularulad gaicema, vinaidan es daxmareba

umuSevrobis fondis biujetSi mTavar prioritetad aris miCneuli. saSualod,

umuSevrobis Semweoba, romlis mimRebTa raodenoba qveynis masStabiT sul 1,800

adamiania (rac registrirebul umuSevarTa 2 procentsac ki ver aRwevs) TveSi 23 aTas

lars Seadgens.

12 ix. seb-is wina gamocemebi. 13 Semosavlebis testireba aris meTodi, romelsac iyeneben imis dasadgenad aRemateba Tu ara ganacxadis SemomtanTa an daxmarebis savaraudo mimRebTa Semosavlebi da saxsrebi garkveul dones. 14 socialuri daxmareba - daxmareba, romelic Cveulebriv ar aris dafuZnebuli Senatanebze da eZleva maT, visac sxva Semosavlebi ara aqvT. 15 umuSevrobis Semweoba aris daxmareba, romelic eZleva iZulebiT umuSevar pirebs; anu pirebs, vinc arc erTi saxis samuSaos ar asrulebda da gaTvaliswinebuli minimaluri periodis ganmavlobaSi mainc monawileobda umuSevarTa uzrunvelyofis programaSi. saqarTveloSi, umuSevrobis Semweoba agreTve ekuTvnis maT, vinc Sromis bazarze pirvelad gamocxadda. Semweobis miRebis yvela kandidatma unda gaiaros registracia, rogorc umuSevarma.



sapensio sistemasapensio sistemasapensio sistemasapensio sistema

amJamad, sapensio sistema funqcionirebs pay-as-you-go sapensio sistemis

safuZvelze da pensiebis dafinanseba saxelmwifo gaerTianebuli socialuri

uzrunvelyofis fondidan xdeba. dResdReobiT igi erTaderT sapensio fonds

warmoadgens, romelic pensionerTa udidesi nawils Tanabrad dafiqsirebuli

simboluri ganakveTis pensiebiT uzrunvelyofs (TveSi - 7,5 aSS dolaramde). fondis

Sevseba xdeba xelfasis dabegvridan16 Semosuli Tanxis xarjze; garda amisa,

gadasaxadebis amoRebis dabali donis gamo, fondSi arsebuli garRvevebis Sesavsebad,

biujetidan gadaricxvebsac iyeneben. amJamad, sapensio sistema, romelic mwvave

finansur kriziss ganicdis, davalianebebis dagrovebas agrZelebs. Zveli

valdebulebebiT damZimebuli mWidrod dagegmili biujetisTvis, erTdroulad,

mimdinare gadasaxadebis gadaxdac, albaT, Zneli amocana iqneba. pensiebsa da sxva

daxmarebebze arsebuli davalianebis dasafarad mkveTrad unda gaumjobesdes

gadasaxadebis Segroveba da pirvel rigSi, dagvianebuli xelfasebis gadaxda unda

moxdes. jer-jerobiT, xelfasidan gadasaxadebis Segroveba bevrad Camouvardeba

gegmurs (romelic zogjer metismetad optimisturia), xolo saxelmwifo biujetidan,

arasistematiuri da arasakmarisi odenobiT miRebuli gadaricxvebis xarjze,

Cveulebriv, ar xerxdeba “socialuri” sagadasaxado bazis Sevseba.

qveynis ekonomika ukiduresad maRali damokidebulebis koeficientiT17

xasiaTdeba, rac xels uSlis universaluri pay-as-you-go sapensio sistemis normalur

funqcionirebas (gadamxdelTa da pensionerTa Soris Sefardeba aris 1:1,2; sistema

kargad dabalansebuli da qmediTunariania, rodesac Sefardeba sul mcire 3:1-Tan

aris). sagadasaxado bazis gasazrdelad saWiroa, erTis mxriv, miRebuli kanonebis

realuri amoqmedeba da sakanonmdeblo bazis Semdgomi srulyofa, xolo, meores

mxriv, sazogadoebis gacnobierebis donis amaRleba. amasTan, aRsaniSnavia, rom

xelfasidan gadasaxadebis gadamxdelTa garkveuli nawili Tavs aridebs

gadasaxadebis gadaxdas. im pirobebSi, rodesac xelfasis done dabalia da mimdinare

Senatanebsa da momavalSi potenciurad misaReb sargebels Soris kavSiri ar

arsebobs, mosaxleobis dasaqmebul nawils saWiro stimuli ara aqvs raTa gverdi ar

auaros gadasaxadebis gadaxdas. SedarebiT maRali sagadasaxado ganakveTis gamo

sawarmoebi cdiloben Tavi aaridon gadasaxadebs.

amJamad sapensio sistema xasiaTdeba dabali Canacvlebis koeficientiT18.

saSualo pensia daqiravebul muSakTa saSualo Tviuri xelfasis sul 20 procentamde

Seadgens. dRes, Tviuri pensiebi Seadgens 14 lars xandazmulTa umetesobisTvis, 18

lars omis veteranTa qvrivebisaTvis da 35-45 lars omis veteranTa da

invalidebisTvis. 2000 wlis maisis mdgomareobiT, pensiebi saSualo momxmareblis

minimaluri saarsebo donis mxolod 14 procents Seadgenda.

16 saxelmwifo gaerTianebuli socialuri uzrunvelyofis fondis (sgsuf-is) Semosavals Seadgenen gadasaxadebi muSakTa xelfasidan: sabiujeto organizaciebisTvis – nominaluri xelfasis 26 procenti, sxva tipis damqiravebeli organizaciebisTvis – 27 procenti, xolo daqiravebuli muSakisTvis -- 1 procenti.

17 pensionerTa ricxvis procentuli Sefardeba dasaqmebulTa ricxvTan. 18 saSualo pensiis Sefardeba saSualo xelfasTan.



nax. 7.5: moxucebulobis pensia da sabiujeto organizaciis muSakis minimaluri nax. 7.5: moxucebulobis pensia da sabiujeto organizaciis muSakis minimaluri nax. 7.5: moxucebulobis pensia da sabiujeto organizaciis muSakis minimaluri nax. 7.5: moxucebulobis pensia da sabiujeto organizaciis muSakis minimaluri

xelfasi rogorc minimaluri saarsebo donis procentixelfasi rogorc minimaluri saarsebo donis procentixelfasi rogorc minimaluri saarsebo donis procentixelfasi rogorc minimaluri saarsebo donis procenti

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minimaluri xelfasi

sabiujetoorganizaciebSi

moxucebulobis pensia

wyaro: ssd-s monacemebi SeniSvna: 1996 w. ivlisamde mxolod TbilisisTvis, ivlisis Semdeg saqarTvelosTvis 6 qalaqisTvis.

SezRuduli sagadasaxado baza da maRali sagadasaxado ganakveTebi aferxeben

saxelmwifo sapensio sistemis muSaobas. sagadasaxado Semosavali metwilad

sabiujeto organizaciebidan da ramodenime msxvili kompaniidan Semodis. saWiroa,

erTis mxriv sagadasaxado bazis gazrda, xolo meore mxriv, iseTi sagadasaxado

ganakveTis daweseba, romelic urCi gadamxdelebisTvis SeiZleba erTgvari stimuli

gaxdes da ubiZgos Crdilovan ekonomikaSi funqcionirebad sawarmoebs moaxdinon

saqmianobis legalizacia.



moqmed saxelmwifo sapensio sistemas sul ufro uWirs valdebulebebis

Sesruleba. damokidebulebis maRalma koeficientma, Canacvlebis dabalma

koeficientma, Senatanebis maRalma ganakveTma da “socialuri” Sewirulobebis

SetanaSi stimulis ar arsebobam daaqveiTa sistemis qmediTunarianoba da gamoavlina

misi sisusteebi. institucionaluri sisustisa da arasaTanado menejmentis gamo,

xelfasidan gadasaxadebis Segrovebis dabali donisa da qveyanaSi arsebuli

korufciis Sedegad, sapensio sistemis isedac rTuli finansuri mdgomareoba ufro

metad damZimda. sapensio sistemis krizisi ekonomikuri, politikuri da socialuri

TvalsazrisiT, mtkivneulad mimdinareobs.

dRevandeli viTarebis mokle da grZelvadiani Sedegebis ignorireba seriozuli

ekonomikuri riskis winaSe daayenebs ukiduresad gaWirvebul mosaxleobas da

SeiZleba gamoiwvios siRaribis zrda, socialuri dezintegracia, gamijvna da

socialuri izolacia. amavdroulad, efeqturi socialuri politikis SemuSaveba da

gamoyeneba xangrZlivi ekonomikuri ganviTarebisTvis ufro myari safuZveli iqneba.

dRes, sapensio sistemis reforma mTavrobis mier erT-erT mTavar prioritetad

aris miCneuli. mTavroba muSaobs sapensio sistemis grZelvadiani reformis

programaze, romelic mizanmimarTulia finansurad myari, Tanamedrove sapensio

sistemis Camoyalibebaze, romelic Seesabameba gardamavali ekonomikis cvalebad

moTxovnebs da, SeZlebisdagvarad, adgilobriv pirobebsac. mTavrobas mtkiced aqvs

gadawyvetili socialur seqtorSi reformebis gatareba. am reformaTa programis

ganxorcielebaSi, gavrcelebasa da ganmtkicebaSi mas mxars uWers qveynis prezidenti

da ucxouri daxmarebis saagentoebi.

PAYG-is sistema solidaruli Senatanebis19 principzea dafuZnebuli da radgan,

faqtobrivad, igi socialuri dacvis sistemis erT-erT elements warmoadgens, mas

SeuZlia mxolod ZiriTadi minimaluri pensiebiT uzrunvelyos pensionerebi da ar

SeuZlia damoukideblad uzrunvelyos pensionerebi Sesabamisi daxmarebebiT.

maTTvis, visac SesaZlebloba gaaCnia jer kidev axalgazrdobaSi izrunos Tavis

momaval pensiaze, logikuri iqneboda mravalsafexuriani sistemis20 SemoReba,

romelic uzrunvelyobs SesaZleblobaTa nairsaxeobas da arCevanis SesaZleblobas.

amas dadebiTi Sedegebi mohyveba piradi pasuxismgeblobis amaRlebisa da

investiciebis gansaxorcieleblad saWiro danazogebis fondis Seqmnis TvalsazrisiT.

PAYG-is sistema SenarCunebuli iqneba mravalsafexuriani sapensio sistemis

savaldebulo nawilis saxiT. vinaidan, mTavroba ar Sewyvets xelfasidan

gadasaxedebis Segrovebas, romlebic Semdgom pensionerTa daxmarebebs unda

moxmardes, sapensio sistemis finansur mdgomareobas, dReisaTvis arsebuli pirobebis

gaTvaliswinebiT, metad gauareseba ar emuqreba. mosalodnelia, rom sapensio reforma

Seamsubuqebs gadasaxadebis simZimes dRevandeli muSakebisTvis. Tu gaviTvaliswinebT

SinameurneobaTa Semosavlebis dabal dones da drois im monakveTs, romelic kerZo

sapensio sistemis sazogadoebaSi damkvidrebas dasWirdeba, imis prognozireba, Tu

ramdeni adamiani dauWers mxars kerZo sapensio struqturebs axlo momavlSi –

19 savaldebulo gadasaxadi, romelic aranair gansakuTrebul upiratesobas ar aniWebs Tavad gadamxdels da romlis gadaxdas socialuri uzrunvelyofis sistema sxva pensionerTa dasaxmareblad iTxovs.



rTulia, magram mravalsafexuriani sapensio sistemis safuZvelze SeiZleba axlo

momavalSi ufro mdgradi sistemis Seqmna, rac Soreul perspeqtivaSi dadebiT

Sedegebs mogvcems. sapensio reformis mizania sapensio sistemis stabilizacia da

sabolood, sapensio ganakveTis gazrda ufro maRali Semosavlebis xarjze, rac

rogorc Cans, sakmaod rTuli gansaxorcielebeli iqneba.

20 ix. sem-is 1999 w. #3, Tavi 7, gv. 64. sadac mocemulia safexurebisa da sapensio sistemis zogierTi sxva terminis detaluri ganmarteba.

kalendarikalendarikalendarikalendari


ianvariianvariianvariianvari

7777 sabanko saqmianoba/sabanko saqmianoba/sabanko saqmianoba/sabanko saqmianoba/”inteleqtbankma” gadaricxvebis warmoebis axali sistema

SemoiRo. sistema “manigramis” meSveobiT Tanxebis gadaricxvas mxolod 2

saaTi dasWirdeba.

10101010 ekonomika/privatizacia/ekonomika/privatizacia/ekonomika/privatizacia/ekonomika/privatizacia/saxelmwifo qonebis marTvis saministrom

gaiTvaliswina msoflio bankis rekomendaciebi da moiwvia xelmeore

tenderi kavSirgabmulobis seqtoris privatizaciis procesSi finansuri

konsultantis SesarCevad.

11111111 energetika/privatizacia/energetika/privatizacia/energetika/privatizacia/energetika/privatizacia/eleqtroenergiis seqtoris obieqtebis

privatizaciaze gamarTuli tenderis meore etapze frangul-qarTulma

konsorciumma gaimarjva. gamarjvebuls gadaecema “qelasis” aqciaTa 75%,

dasavleT saqarTveloSi mdebare eleqtroenergiis gamanawilebeli

sadgurebis 24% da oTxi hidroeleqtro sadguri sadguri aqciaTa marTvis

ufleba.

12121212 mTavroba/mTavroba/mTavroba/mTavroba/ kvebiT momaragebis erovnuli politikis gadasaxedad mowveul

iqna samTavrobo sxdoma: 1996 wlidan saqarTveloSi xorcieldeba

evrokavSiris sasursaTo programa, romlis farglebSic saqarTvelos 60

milioni evro gamoeyo.

12 infrastruqtura/infrastruqtura/infrastruqtura/infrastruqtura/Tbilisis aeroportSi Camofrinda pirveli “boing 737-500”

tipis TviTmfrinavi, romelic aviakompania “airzena-saqarTvelos

aviaxazebma” germanuli satransporto da turistul kompania “Happag Lloyd-Tan” gaformebuli kontraqtis safuZvelze 5 wlis vadiT daiqirava.

14-15 sagareo ekonomikuri urTierTobebi/sagareo ekonomikuri urTierTobebi/sagareo ekonomikuri urTierTobebi/sagareo ekonomikuri urTierTobebi/saqarTvelos oficialuri vizitiT

ewvia TurqeTis prezidenti suleiman demireli. mxareebma xeli moaweres

dokumentebis mTel rigs: teqnikuri TanamSromlobis Taobaze SeTanxmebis

erTobliv ganacxadebas, saqarTvelos sahaero Zalebis profesiuli

momzadebis protokols da agreTve, SeTanxmebas soflis meurneobis dargSi

samecniero, teqnikuri da ekonomikuri TanamSromlobis Sesaxeb.

31313131 biujeti/sabaJo/biujeti/sabaJo/biujeti/sabaJo/biujeti/sabaJo/sabaJo departamentis Semosavlebma, gegmiT

gaTvaliswinebuli 24,5 milioni laris nacvlad, odnav gadaaWarba 15,5

milions.

TebervaliTebervaliTebervaliTebervali

2222 privatizacia/privatizacia/privatizacia/privatizacia/xelmeore tenderi gaimarTa saqarTvelos saaqcio sazogadoeba

“elkomunikaciis” aqciaTa 75%-s da Sps. saqarTvelos telekomis aqciaTa

51%-s privatizaciaze an marTvaSi gadacemaze 20-25 wlis vadiT. satendero

komisiis mier teqnikuri winadadebebis konvertis gaxsna moxdeba 6 marts,

xolo finansuri winadadebebi, msoflio bankis rekomendaciebis Tanaxmad,

tenderis meore safexurze gaixsneba.

5555 infrastruqtura/infrastruqtura/infrastruqtura/infrastruqtura/TRACECA-s konferenciaze gadawyda, rom satransporto

koridoris ganviTarebis proeqtebis gadaxedva unda moxdes TbilisSi 10-11

marts. evrokavSiri gegmavs daaxloebiT 35 milioni evros gamoyofas.

7777 mTavroba/politika/mTavroba/politika/mTavroba/politika/mTavroba/politika/sagadasaxado Semosavlebis ministrma, m. maWavariani

Caatara pirveli preskonferencia. man gamoacxada, rom barencis jgufTan


saqarTvelos ekonomikis mimarTulebebi saqarTvelos ekonomikis mimarTulebebi saqarTvelos ekonomikis mimarTulebebi saqarTvelos ekonomikis mimarTulebebi ---- 2000weli, #1 2000weli, #1 2000weli, #1 2000weli, #1

erTad, eqspertTa jgufis mier ukve dawyebulia grZel da moklevadiani

samuSao programis SemuSaveba, romelic mzad unda iyos 21 TebervlisaTvis.

8888 mrewveloba/privatizacia/mrewveloba/privatizacia/mrewveloba/privatizacia/mrewveloba/privatizacia/Cexurma kompania “Sagaprint-ma” gamoacxada, rom

apirebs “WiaTurmanganumSi” arsebuli yvela problemis mogvarebas

Tebervlis bolosTvis. “WiaTurmanganumi” gaCerebulia 1999 wlis 10

dekembridan. kompaniam ver Seasrula sainvesticio programiT

gaTvaliswinebuli valdebulebebi saeqsporto saqonlis warmoebis

gegmasTan dakavSirebiT. kompaniam unda dafaros muSakTa xelfasebze sami

Tvis dagrovili davalianeba.

25252525 infrastruqtura/infrastruqtura/infrastruqtura/infrastruqtura/ martSi, kavSirgabmulobis saministros, dagegmili aqvs

tenderis gamarTva foTsa da rizes Soris (TurqeTis qalaqi) wyalqveSa

optikur-boWkovani kabelis gayvanaze. proeqtis Rirebuleba Sefasebulia 8

milion aSS dolaris odenobiT; xarjebi saqarTvelos “telekomis” da

TurqeTis mxaris Soris unda ganawildes.

26262626 navTobi/gazi/navTobi/gazi/navTobi/gazi/navTobi/gazi/stambulSi daiwyo saqarTvelosa da azerbaijanis samuSao

jgufebs Soris baqo-jeihanis proeqtze molaparakebebis meore raundi. im

SemTxvevaSi Tu mxareebi miaRweven Tanxmobas SeTanxmebis proeqtis Taobaze,

mTavari saeqsporto milsadenis mSenebloba daiwyeba momaval wels, xolo

pirveli miwodeba – 2004 wels.

29292929 ekonomika/ekonomika/ekonomika/ekonomika/prezidenti SevardnaZe da saxelmwifo ministri, v. lorTqifaniZe,

Sexvdnen ian kalitskis – SeerTebul Statebis komerciuli departamentis

ufross; maT ganixiles navTob da gazsadenis sistemebis usafrTxoebis

uzrunvelyofasTan dakavSirebuli problemebi da sxva ekonomiuri

sakiTxebi.

29292929 sabanko saqmianoba/sabanko saqmianoba/sabanko saqmianoba/sabanko saqmianoba/seb-ma Caatara regularuli sakredito auqcioni. 7-dRian

auqcionSi 3 bankma miiRo monawileoba. garigebebis mTlianma moculobam

2 milioni aSS dolari Seadgina; wliuri saprocento ganakveTi 21%-ze

dafiqsirda.

martimartimartimarti

6666 privatizacia/privatizacia/privatizacia/privatizacia/satendero komisiam ganixila 5 konsorciumis mier

satelekomunikacio obieqtebis privatizaciis finansuri konsultantis

SerCevaze daniSnul tenderze wardgenili teqnikuri winadadebebi. finansur

winadadebebs komisia msoflio bankis Tanxmobis miRebis Semdeg ganixilavs.

privatizacia/privatizacia/privatizacia/privatizacia/gamocxadda tenderebi Sps. “Tuji XXI-s” aqciaTa sakontrolo

paketis marTvaSi gadacemaze. komisiam tenderSi monawileobis misaRebad

dauSva 2 kompania: “energo-industriuli kompleqsi” da “Tuji XXI” Sps.

gamarjvebuls gadaecema aqciaTa 51% 10 wlis marTvis vadiT.

7777 infrastruqtura/infrastruqtura/infrastruqtura/infrastruqtura/msoflio banki da kuveitis fondi daafinanseben

saqarTvelos saavtomobilo magistralebis reabilitaciis proeqts.

SeTanxmebas am proeqtze xeli moaweres saaqarTvelos finanasTa ministrma

da kuveitis fondis generalurma direqtorma. fondi apirebs 16-17 milioni

aSS dolaris kreditis gamoyofas 20 wlis vadiT.

8888 saerTaSoriso mxardaWera/saerTaSoriso mxardaWera/saerTaSoriso mxardaWera/saerTaSoriso mxardaWera/aSS-s mTavrobas gadawyvetili aqvs gaagrZelos

saqarTvelosaTvis daxmarebis gaweva sagadasaxado sistemis reformebis

gatarebaSi. mixeil maWavarianma – sagadasaxado Semosavlebis ministrma da

SeerTebuli Statebis warmomadgenlebma xeli moaweres “urTierTgagebis


saqarTvelos ekonomikis mimarTusaqarTvelos ekonomikis mimarTusaqarTvelos ekonomikis mimarTusaqarTvelos ekonomikis mimarTulebebi lebebi lebebi lebebi ---- 2000weli, #1 2000weli, #1 2000weli, #1 2000weli, #1

memorandums” da reformebis gegmas, romelic unda ganxorcieldes

sagadasaxado departamentSi USAID-s mier dafinansebuli specialistebis

monawileobiT.

energetika/gazi/energetika/gazi/energetika/gazi/energetika/gazi/baqoSi gaimarTa Sax-denizis sabadodan azerbaijanis gazis

eqsportis gegmis prezentacia. winaswari SefasebiT am sabados gazis

rezervebi 1 trilion kubur metrs Seadgens. pirveli 10 wlis ganmavlobaSi

SesaZlebeli iqneba 150 miliardi kuburi metri bunebrivi airis

eqsportireba sazRvargareT. TurqeTSi airis miwodeba saqarTvelos

teritoriaze gavliT unda moxdes. milsadeniT mSeneblobis proeqtis

Rirebuleba Sefasebulia 600 milioni aSS dolaris odenobiT.

9999 parlamenti/biujeti/parlamenti/biujeti/parlamenti/biujeti/parlamenti/biujeti/saqarTvelos parlamentma daamtkica 2000 wlis

saxelmwifo biujetis kanoni. saxelmwifo biujeti damtkicda miuxedavad

imisa, rom zogierTi parlamentari uTanxmoebas gamoTqvamda.

10101010----11111111 saerTaSoriso urTierTobebi/saerTaSoriso urTierTobebi/saerTaSoriso urTierTobebi/saerTaSoriso urTierTobebi/TbilisSi Catarda TRACECA-s samTavrobaTaSoriso komisiis pirveli konferencia. konferenciis mTavar

miRwevas warmoadgens TRACECA-s samTavroboTaSoriso komisiis moqmedi

samdivnos dafuZneba, misi wesdebis da saproceduro wesebis damtkiceba.

11111111 sagareo ekonomikuri urTierTobebi/sagareo ekonomikuri urTierTobebi/sagareo ekonomikuri urTierTobebi/sagareo ekonomikuri urTierTobebi/ekonomikuri TanamSromlobis

sakiTxebTan dakavSirebiT ukraina-saqarTvelos saxelmwifoTaSoriso

Sereuli komisiis meore sxdoma.

16161616 navTobi/gazi/navTobi/gazi/navTobi/gazi/navTobi/gazi/prezidenti SevardnaZe daeswro ceremonias, romelzec

amerikul kompania “Anadarko-s” da navTobisa da gazis resursebis marTvis

saxelmwifo saagentos ufrosis – gia iToniSvilis mier xeli moewera

“saqarTvelos Savi zRvis wylebis kontinentaluri Selfis teritoriaze

mopovebuli produqtebis wilTa ganawilebis memorandums”. kompania

“Anadarko-m” Savi zRvis Selfze navTobis saZiebo samuSaoebi unda awarmoos.

16161616----17171717 ekonomika/ekonomika/ekonomika/ekonomika/TbilisSi Catarda EurAsia jgufis da Metromedia International Telecommunication-is mier organizebuli saerTaSoriso konferencia

“saqarTvelo – mzardi sainvesticio bazari”.

17171717 privatizacia/privatizacia/privatizacia/privatizacia/ukrainis kompaniam “energo-industriuli kompleqsi” gaimarjva

Sps. “Tuji-XXI-s” aqciaTa 51%-s marTvaSi 10 wlis vadiT gadacemaze

gamocxadebul tenderSi.

28282828----29292929 saerTaSoriso urTierTobebi/saerTaSoriso urTierTobebi/saerTaSoriso urTierTobebi/saerTaSoriso urTierTobebi/Tbiliss oficialuri vizitiT ewvia somxeTis

samTavrobo delegacia, romelsac xelmZRvanelobda somxeTis prezidenti –

qoCariani. sxva sakiTxebTan erTad, mxareebma ganixiles saqarTvelosTvis

somxeTidan eleqtroenergiis mowodebis gagrZelebisa da or mezobel

qveyanas Soris axali xazis gayvanis perspeqtivebi.

29292929 energetika/energetika/energetika/energetika/saqarTvelom da CineTma xeli moaweres SeTanxmebas kaxeTis

regionSi axali eleqtrosadgurebis mSeneblobis Taobaze.

30303030----31313131 saerTaSoriso urTierTobebi/saerTaSoriso urTierTobebi/saerTaSoriso urTierTobebi/saerTaSoriso urTierTobebi/TbilisSi oficialuri vizitiT Camovida

germaniis delegacia, romelsac uZRveboda gerhard Sroideri – germaniis

federaluri kancleri. germaniis mTavrobam, fiskalur sferoSi

TanamSromlobis SeTanxmebis farglebSi saqarTvelos 50 milioni

germanuli marka gamouyo. saqarTvelos mxridan am SeTanxmebas xeli

moawera vaWrobisa da sagareo ekonomikuri urTierTobebis ministrma T.

beruCaSvilma.



31313131 infrastruqtura/infrastruqtura/infrastruqtura/infrastruqtura/saqarTvelos transportis saministrom moiwvia

saerTaSoriso tenderi anakliaSi didi wyalwyvis mqone gemebis

momsaxurebis mizniT navsadguris mSeneblobaze. anakliis navsadguri

mniSvnelovnad gazrdis evraziis satransporto koridoris tvirTbrunvis

moculobas.

apriliapriliapriliaprili

1111 ekonomika/politika/ekonomika/politika/ekonomika/politika/ekonomika/politika/eduard SevardnaZe gaemgzavra kaxeTis regionSi misi

winasaarCevno kampaniis periodSi, sadac man monawileoba miiRo ninowmindas

zeda eocenis navTobsabados fenis saburavi samuSaoebis dawyebis

ceremoniaSi. ninowmindaSi samuSaoebs axorcelebs korporacia CanAgro Energy da specialistebis varaudiT ninowmindas navTobrezervebi 50 milion

tonas aRemateba.

3333 ekonomika/privatizacia/ekonomika/privatizacia/ekonomika/privatizacia/ekonomika/privatizacia/rogorc saxelmwifo qonebis marTvis saministros

ministris moadgilem ganacxada rom kompania AES-i, 5 milioni aSS dolaris

gadaxdis Semdeg, “Tbilsresis” me-9-e da me-10-e blokebis oficialuri

mepatrone gaxdeba. aqedan, 3,5 milioni aSS dolari unda gadairicxos

biujetSi, xolo danarCeni – amerikuli sakonsultacio kompania “Merrill Lynch-s” angariSze.

5555 navTobi/navTobi/navTobi/navTobi/ britanuli kompania AON, kompania GIOC da TBC-banki arian axali

qarTul-amerikuli kompaniis damfuZneblebi, romelmac baqo-Tbilisi-

jeihanis mTavari saeqsporto navTobsadeni usafrTxoebis garantiebiT unda

uzrunvelyos.

5555 infrastruqtura/infrastruqtura/infrastruqtura/infrastruqtura/qarTul-amerikulma kompaniam “terminali 2000” daiwyo

specialuri navsadgomis mSenebloba Savi zRvis sanapiro zolze mdebare

sofel qulevSi, romelmac unda uzrunvelyos navTobis da

navTobproduqtebis eqsportireba kaspiis auzis qveynebidan evropaSi.

9999 energetika/privatizacia/energetika/privatizacia/energetika/privatizacia/energetika/privatizacia/amerikuli kompania AES “Tbilsresis me-9-e da me-10-

e blokebis sruluflebiani mepatrone gaxda.

13131313 mTavroba/arCevnebis Semdeg pirveli samTavrobo sxdoma gaimarTa.

13 fuli/sabanko saqmianoba/fuli/sabanko saqmianoba/fuli/sabanko saqmianoba/fuli/sabanko saqmianoba/1 maisidan saqarTveloSi dagegmilia sabanko

seqtorSi axli proeqtis – ipoTekuri kreditebis proeqtis –

ganxorcieleba. saqarTvelos bankis generalurma direqtorma da

saerTaSoriso fiskaluri korporaciis (msoflio bankis) centraluri da

aRmosavleTi departamentis direqtorma xeli moaweres SeTanxmebas

bankisTvis 3 milioni aSS dolaris gamoyofis Sesaxeb.

20 sagareo ekonomikuri urTierTobebi/sagareo ekonomikuri urTierTobebi/sagareo ekonomikuri urTierTobebi/sagareo ekonomikuri urTierTobebi/saqarTvelos parlamentma moaxdina

saqarTvelos mso-Si gawevrianebis dokumentis ratifikacia da saqarTvelo

am organizaciis 136-e wevri gaxda. mso-Si gawevrianebis SeTanxmeba ZalaSi

Sedis am SeTanxmebis ratifikaciis Taobaze Setyobinebis gakeTebis Semdeg

erT TveSi.

21 fuli/sabanko saqmianoba/fuli/sabanko saqmianoba/fuli/sabanko saqmianoba/fuli/sabanko saqmianoba/Tbilisis bankTaSoris savaluto birJaze

saqarTvelos finansur dilerTa klubis prezentacia gaimarTa.

sabanko saqmianoba/sabanko saqmianoba/sabanko saqmianoba/sabanko saqmianoba/”agrobiznes” bankma daiwyo kreditebis gacema soflis

meurnebis proeqtebis dasafinanseblad. ukve gacemulia 20-mde krediti.

sesxebis wliuri saprocento ganakveTi 18-20% farglebSi meryeobs.

30303030 politika/politika/politika/politika/gaimarTa saqarTvelos prezidentis inauguraciis ceremonia.


saqarTvelos ekonomikis mimarTusaqarTvelos ekonomikis mimarTusaqarTvelos ekonomikis mimarTusaqarTvelos ekonomikis mimarTulebebi lebebi lebebi lebebi ---- 2000weli, #1 2000weli, #1 2000weli, #1 2000weli, #1

maisimaisimaisimaisi

2222 mTavroba/mTavroba/mTavroba/mTavroba/saqarTvelos konstituciis Tanaxmad, saqarTvelos mTavroba

gadadga ministrTa axali kabinetis daniSvnamde. mosalodnelia, rom

ministrTa ricxvi 21-dan 15-mde Semcirdeba.

3333 energetikaenergetikaenergetikaenergetika/gazi//gazi//gazi//gazi/amerikuli kompania AES Silk Road apirebs ninowmindas

navTobsabadoze qarTul-britanuli kompania GBOC-s mier saburRi

samuSaoebis dafinansebas.

4444 ekonomika/ekonomika/ekonomika/ekonomika/USAID-ma, msoflio bankma da saqarTvelos mTavrobam xeli

moaweres urTierTSeTanxmebis memorandums, romelic iTvaliswinebs

saqarTvelos erovnuli usafrTxoebis komisiisTvis mxardaWeris

gagrZelebas.

4444 fuli/finansebi/29fuli/finansebi/29fuli/finansebi/29fuli/finansebi/29-dRian sakredito auqcionze monawileoba miRo orma

bankma: erTi bankis mier meoresTvis gasesxebuli 700 aTasi laris

saprocento ganakveTi weliwadSi 21% Seadgens.

4444----7777 turizmi/turizmi/turizmi/turizmi/TbilisSi, saqarTvelos sagamofeno centrSi – Expo Georgia –

gaimarTa turizmis meore saerTaSoriso bazroba.

5555 fuli/finansebi/fuli/finansebi/fuli/finansebi/fuli/finansebi/saqarTvelos erovnul bankSi gaimarTa mecxre auqcioni.

gaiyida 1 milioni laris saxazino valdebulebebi 91-dRiani dafarvis

vadiT.

5555----12121212 biujeti/biujeti/biujeti/biujeti/parlamentTan arsebuli sabiujeto ganyofilebis winaswari

monacemebis Tanaxmad, biujetis gegma aprilSic ar Sesruldeba. saWiroa

biujetis gadasinjva umokles vadaSi; unda ganxorcieldes biujetis

sekvestri 100 milion laramde.

6666 infrastruqtura/infrastruqtura/infrastruqtura/infrastruqtura/saqarTvelos kompania “FOB-NET-ma” daasrula samSeneblo

samuSaoebi Sanhai-frankfurtisAEboWkovan-optikuri mTavari xazis

saqarTvelos monakveTze berZeni investorebis daxmarebiT. OberZeni

investorebis Ote da Hellascom-is mier dabandebulma investiciebma 17

milionamde aSS dolari Seadgina.

8888----10101010 sabanko saqmianoba/sabanko saqmianoba/sabanko saqmianoba/sabanko saqmianoba/TbilisSi Catarda bazelis komitetis regionuli jgufis

me-IX-e konferencia. es jgufi awarmoebs sabanko saqmianobis Semowmebas

saqarTveloSi.

11111111 parlamenti/parlamenti/parlamenti/parlamenti/parlamentma daamtkica giorgi arseniSvilis kandidatura

saqarTvelos saxelmwifo ministris postze.

12121212----19191919 navTobi/gazi/navTobi/gazi/navTobi/gazi/navTobi/gazi/stambulSi gamarTuli yovelwliuri konferenciaze moxda

baqo-jeihanis navTobsadeni milis dokumentebis parafikacia. mimdinare wels

gamarTuli Sexvedra mieZRvna baqo-Tbilisi-jeihanis da transkaspiuri gazis

milsadenis proeqtTan dakavSirebul problemebs. MEP-s SeTanxmebebis

pakets, romelic prezident alievs warudgines, erT TveSi xeli unda

moaweron azerbaijanis, saqarTvelos da TurqeTis parlamentebma.

17171717----18181818 sabaJo/sabaJo/sabaJo/sabaJo/AMCHAM-s (amerikis komerciuli palata) prezidentma, fedi aslma,

gamarTa prekonferencia. igi daJinebiT moiTxovda ITS-s programis gauqmebas. AMCHAM-ma saqarTvelos parlamentSi sabaJo reformis sakuTari proeqti

waradgina.

navTobi/gazi/navTobi/gazi/navTobi/gazi/navTobi/gazi/azerbaijani da ukraina SeTanxmdnen baqo-sufsas navTobsadeni

milis marSrutis gagrZelebaze: sufsidan navTobis gadazidva gdanskis

navsadguramde (poloneTSi) moxdeba ukrainis teritoriaze gavliT.



19191919 energetika/energetika/energetika/energetika/kompania ITERA-m gamarTa molaparakebebi Tbilgazis

privatizaciis pirobebis Taobaze. misi winadadeba iTvaliswnebs 30 milioni

aSS dolaris dabandebas gazis sistemis ganviTarebasa da modernizciaSi:

sainvesticio saxsrebis saxiT, ITERA apirebs qarTveli partniori

“saqgazis” davalianebis gamoyenebas. rogorc ruseTis mxare acxadebs,

mTlianma davalianebam ukve 70 milion aSS dolars miaRwia.

22222222 sabanko saqmisabanko saqmisabanko saqmisabanko saqmianoba/anoba/anoba/anoba/seb-ma moawyo pirveli REPO auqcioni.

26262626 sabanko saqmianoba/sabanko saqmianoba/sabanko saqmianoba/sabanko saqmianoba/saerTaSoriso finansuri korporacia (IFC) da germanuli

ganviTarebisa da sainvesticio kompania (DEG) TBC bankis mewileebi gaxdnen.

29292929----30303030 ekonomika/ekonomika/ekonomika/ekonomika/TbilisSi Catarda saerTaSoriso konferencia “samxreT kavkasiis

sadazRveo bazrebi”.

31313131 ekonomikuri urTierTobebi/ekonomikuri urTierTobebi/ekonomikuri urTierTobebi/ekonomikuri urTierTobebi/azerbaijanis da saqarTvelos parlamentebma

moaxdines baqo-Tbilisi-jeihanis mTavari saeqsporto milsadenis proeqtis

SeTanxmebaTa paketis ratifikacia.

danarTi: saqarTvelos sagareodanarTi: saqarTvelos sagareodanarTi: saqarTvelos sagareodanarTi: saqarTvelos sagareo savaWro urTierTobebi: savaWro urTierTobebi: savaWro urTierTobebi: savaWro urTierTobebi:

sabWoeTis daSlidan msosabWoeTis daSlidan msosabWoeTis daSlidan msosabWoeTis daSlidan mso----s wevrobamde,s wevrobamde,s wevrobamde,s wevrobamde,

axali regionaluri SeTanxmebebi da partnioroba evrokavSirTanaxali regionaluri SeTanxmebebi da partnioroba evrokavSirTanaxali regionaluri SeTanxmebebi da partnioroba evrokavSirTanaxali regionaluri SeTanxmebebi da partnioroba evrokavSirTan


deniel linoti, dimitri qemokliZe da goCa kereseliZe1

1991 w. sabWoTa kavSiris daSlis Semdeg yofili sabWoTa respublikebis umetesoba

(e.w. "axali damoukidebeli qveynebi") cdilobs ganamtkicos mopovebuli politikuri

damoukidebloba da imavdroulad ganaviTaros sabazro principebze dafuZnebuli

ekonomika msoflio ekonomikaSi integrirebis mizniT.

msoflio ekonomikisTvis ori, TiTqos erTmaneTis sapirispiro tendenciaa

damaxiasiaTebeli, kerZod, globalizacia da regionalizacia. pirveli tendencia

exeba GATT/mso-s farglebSi savaWro barierebis Semcirebas, investiciebisa da

finansuri saxsrebis sazRvris gadamkveTi moZraobis xelSemSleli faqtorebis

daZlevas da Sedegad, saerTaSoriso vaWrobis swraf zrdas, kompaniebis

gamravalerovnebas da finansuri bazrebis msoflio doneze integracias. meore

tendencia dakavSirebulia oficialuri savaWro blokebis SeqmnasTan, xSirad

mezobeli qveynebis mier, ramac SeiZleba diskriminaciuli midgoma gamoiwvios

danarCeni msofliosadmi.

axali damoukidebeli qveynebis umravlesoba CarTulia am or procesSi: maT survili

aqvT gawevriandnen msoflio savaWro organizaciaSi (mso). amave dros, isini qmnian

sakuTar regionalur blokebs, rogoricaa mag. damoukidebeli saxelmwifoebis

Tanamegobroba (dsT), Savi zRvis auzis ekonomikuri TanamSromloba (biseki) da suami

(saqarTvelo-ukraina-azerbaijani-moldova). saqarTvelo gamonakliss ar warmoadgens.

man ukve 1999 wlis oqtomberSi warmatebiT daasrula molaparakebebi mso-Si

gawevrianebasTan dakavSirebiT. saqarTvelos parlamentis mier Sesabamisi

dokumentebis ratifikaciis Semdeg, 2000 wlis ivnisSi igi am organizaciis

sruluflebiani wevri gaxda. igi aris, agreTve, rogorc dsT-s, ise bisekis wevri.

amasTanave, 1999 wlis ivlisSi ZalaSi Sevida evrokavSirTan dadebuli SeTanxmeba

partniorobisa da TanamSromlobis Sesaxeb (PCA). PCA ukve miCneulia pirvel

nabijad evrokavSirTan ufro mWidro kavSirebis damyarebis momzadebis gzaze.

momdevno punqtebSi ufro detalurad aris gaanalizebuli da Sefasebuli es sami

mimarTuleba.

saqarTvelos ekonomikis 1991 wlis (damoukideblobis gamocxadebis weli) Semdgomi

ganviTarebis mokle mimoxilvis Semdeg, sabWoTa memkvidreobis Sefasebis CaTvliT (1-

li – me-5 punqtebi), Cven SevajamebT saqarTvelos sagareo vaWrobis reJimis ZiriTad

maxasiaTeblebs (me-6 punqti). Semdeg Cven visaubrebT dsT-s, bisekis da suamis Sesaxeb

(me-7 punqti). me-8 punqti eZRvneba saqarTvelo – evrokavSiris urTierTobebs. momdevno

or punqtSi naCvenebi iqneba, Tu amJamad ra urTierTobebi aqvs saqarTvelos mso-sTan.

daskvniT nawilSi mocemulia: a) vaWrobaze orientirebuli alternativebis Sedareba

1 samive avtori ekonomikuri politikisa da samarTlebrivi sakiTxebis qarTul-evropuli sakonsultacio centris ekonomikuri eqspertia. centri dafinansebulia evrokavSiris tasisis programiT.

saqarTvelos sagareo savaWro urTierTobebi: sabWoeTis daSlidan msosaqarTvelos sagareo savaWro urTierTobebi: sabWoeTis daSlidan msosaqarTvelos sagareo savaWro urTierTobebi: sabWoeTis daSlidan msosaqarTvelos sagareo savaWro urTierTobebi: sabWoeTis daSlidan mso----s s s s

wevrobamde, axali regionaluri SeTanxmebebi da partnioroba evrokavSirTan wevrobamde, axali regionaluri SeTanxmebebi da partnioroba evrokavSirTan wevrobamde, axali regionaluri SeTanxmebebi da partnioroba evrokavSirTan wevrobamde, axali regionaluri SeTanxmebebi da partnioroba evrokavSirTan

saqarTvelo ekonomikis mimarTulebebi _ 2000saqarTvelo ekonomikis mimarTulebebi _ 2000saqarTvelo ekonomikis mimarTulebebi _ 2000saqarTvelo ekonomikis mimarTulebebi _ 2000 weli, #1 weli, #1 weli, #1 weli, #1 90

(regionaluri integracia Tu globalizacia), 2) saqarTvelos savaWro politikis

Sefaseba (liberalizmi Tu proteqcionizmi), 3) saqarTvelos savaWro politikis

kvalifikacia (nebayoflobiTi Tu iZulebiTi), 4) Cvens xelT arsebuli is danarCeni

instrumentebi, romelTac SeuZliaT zegavlena moaxdinon vaWrobaze da 5)

evrokavSirTan ufro mWidro kavSirebis damyarebis SesaZleblobaTa ganxilva.

1. saqarTvelos ekonomika da vaWroba sabWoTa periodSi

ekonomikis struqtura ekonomikis struqtura ekonomikis struqtura ekonomikis struqtura

saqarTvelos ekonomikaSi tradiciulad dominirebs soflis meurneoba. sabWoTa

periodis dasasrulisTvis aRniSnul seqtorze modioda mSp-s TiTqmis erTi mesamedi,

xolo mosaxleobis naxevarze meti sofelSi cxovrobda, romlis umetesoba

saxelmwifo da koleqtiur meurneobebSi muSaobda. wvimian dasavleT saqarTveloSi

soflis meurneobis ZiriTad produqcias warmoadgenda Cai da citrusi, xolo ufro

mSral aRmosavleT saqarTveloSi umeteswilad yurZeni, vaSli da bostneuli

moyavdaT. msxvilfexa saqonlis da cxvris moSenebas misdevdnen aRmosavleT

saqarTvelos dablobebSi da mTian regionebSi. muSavdeboda, agreTve, sakmaod

mdidari WiaTuris manganumis sabado dasavleT saqarTveloSi. mZime da msubuqi

mrewvelobis ganviTareba SesaZlebeli iyo ekonomikis administraciul-mbrZanebluri

sistemis mier SemoTavazebuli absoluturi mfarvelobis qveS. amgvarad, msoflio

bankis eqspertTa Sefasebis Tanaxmad, krizisamde, romelic emTxveva gardamavali

periodis dawyebas, warmoeba Seadgenda wminda materialuri produqtis daaxloebiT

40 procents.i 1980 wlebis bolosTvis ekonomikis erT-erT ZiriTad sferod turizmi

iqca 4 milionze meti turistiT weliwadSi.

Eekonomikuri ganviTEekonomikuri ganviTEekonomikuri ganviTEekonomikuri ganviTarebis done arebis done arebis done arebis done

ekonomikuri zrdis TvalsazrisiT, saqarTvelo erT-erTi yvelaze warmatebuli

respublika iyo sabWoTa periodis bolo ori aTwleulis manZilze. erT sul

mosaxleze Semosavlis gamoTvlis dasavluri meTodis Tanaxmad, 1988 wels

saqarTvelos mexuTe adgili ekava baltiispireTis sami respublikis da ruseTis

Semdeg, im dros roca, 1975 wels saqarTvelos maCvenebeli gacilebiT Camouvardeboda

saSualo sabWoTa maCvenebels.ii

vaWrobis specializaciavaWrobis specializaciavaWrobis specializaciavaWrobis specializacia

ekonomikis administraciul-mbrZanebluri sistemisaTvis damaxasiaTebeli

naklovanebebis miuxedavad, saqarTvelos sagareo vaWrobaSi SedarebiTi upiratesoba

sasoflo-sameurneo produqcias da turizmis seqtors eniWeboda.iii xazgasmiT unda

aRiniSnos, rom sabWoTa periodSi, saqarTvelo umeteswilad sxva sabWoTa

respublikebTan vaWrobda. saqarTvelo ar eweoda damoukidebel saerTaSoriso

vaWrobas, rogorc aseTs. eqsporti sabWoTa kavSiris farglebs gareT, mesame

qveynebSi, xorcieldeboda oficialuri sabWoTa struqturebis meSveobiT, romelsac

sagareo vaWrobis monopolia da arakonvertirebadoba axasiaTebda.

subssubssubssubsidiebi idiebi idiebi idiebi

resursebis ganawilebisas da yofil sabWoTa respublikebs Soris savaWro

urTierTobebis ganxorcielebisas centraluri dagegmvis sistema fasebs did

mniSvnelobas ar aniWebda. 1987 wlis gamoTvlebis Tanaxmad, saqarTvelos sagareo

vaWrobis mcire deficiti unda hqonoda Sida bazris fasis mixedviT, kerZod, im fasis

saqarTvelos sagareo savaWro urTierTobebi: sabWoesaqarTvelos sagareo savaWro urTierTobebi: sabWoesaqarTvelos sagareo savaWro urTierTobebi: sabWoesaqarTvelos sagareo savaWro urTierTobebi: sabWoeTis daSlidan msoTis daSlidan msoTis daSlidan msoTis daSlidan mso----s s s s

wevrobamde, axali regionaluri SeTanxmebebi da partnioroba evrokavSirTanwevrobamde, axali regionaluri SeTanxmebebi da partnioroba evrokavSirTanwevrobamde, axali regionaluri SeTanxmebebi da partnioroba evrokavSirTanwevrobamde, axali regionaluri SeTanxmebebi da partnioroba evrokavSirTan


mixedviT, romelic fiqsirebulia dagegmvaze pasuxismgebeli organoebis mier.

msoflio bazris fasebze gadasvla niSnavda sagareo vaWrobis deficitis mkveTr

zrdas 0.3-dan 1.8 miliard rublamde (fasebi gazisa da navTobis importze unda

gaizardos, im dros, roca soflis meurneobis produqciis umetes nawilis

saeqsporto fasi Semcirdeba).iv amasTanave, arsebobda, agreTve, wminda transfertebi

kavSiris biujetidan, ramac 1990 wels Seadgina mSp-s 5 procenti. v sxva sityvebiT rom

vTqvaT, saqarTvelo did dafinansebas iRebda sxva sabWoTa respublikebidan,

gansakuTrebiT ki ruseTidan.

sabWoTa memkvidreoba sabWoTa memkvidreoba sabWoTa memkvidreoba sabWoTa memkvidreoba

ekonomikuri TvalsazrisiT, sabWoTa memkvidreoba metad araerTgvarovania.

saqarTvelos darCa sawarmoo baza, infrastruqtura da miRwevebi socialur sferoSi

(mag. janmrTelobis dacvis da ganaTlebis seqtorSi). da mainc, arsebobda

naklovanebebi, romlebic Tavs iCens ekonomikis liberalizaciis periodSi. msoflio

bazris fasebze gadasvla dakavSirebulia, agreTve, pirdapiri da arapirdapiri gare

daxmarebis SewyvetasTan. Sedegad, iseve rogorc sabWoTa respublikebis umetesoba,

saqarTvelos sagareo vaWrobis didi deficiti da Sesabamisad, mzardi Sida

davalianeba eloda.

2. damoukideblobis gamocxadeba da ekonomikuri krizisi

damoukideblobis mopoveba damoukideblobis mopoveba damoukideblobis mopoveba damoukideblobis mopoveba

1953 wels stalinis gardacvalebis Semdeg arsebul reJimTan dapirispirebam ufro

Ria xasiaTi miiRo. sabWoTa reJimis winaaRmdeg brZolam kulminacias 1989 wlis 9

aprilis demonstraciis darbevisas miaRwia. parlamentis pirveli demokratiuli

arCevnebi 1991 wels gaimarTa. sabolood, damoukidebloba (1991 wlis 31 marts

Catarebuli referendumis Semdeg) 1991 wlis 9 aprils aRsdga (saqarTvelos xanmokle

damoukidebeli respublika aneqsirebul iqna 1921 wels sabWoTa reJimis mier).

politikuri qaosipolitikuri qaosipolitikuri qaosipolitikuri qaosi

1991 wlis martSi zviad gamsaxurdia, yofili disident-nacionalisti, saqarTvelos

pirveli arCeuli prezidenti gaxda. ramodenime Tvis Semdeg misi opoziciasTan

dapirispireba samoqalaqo omiT dasrulda, ris Sedegadac igi 1992 wlis ianvarSi

iZulebuli gaxda saqarTvelo daetovebina. imave wlis martSi saqarTveloSi

dabrunda eduard SevardnaZe da man SeZlo mSvidobis aRdgena. imavdroulad,

saqarTvelo separatistuli moZraobebis da SeiaraRebul konfliqtebis pirispir

aRmoCnda. politikuri qaosis, sabWoTa kavSiris daSlis da regionebTan

dakavSirebuli mougvarebeli problemebis gamo saqarTvelos ekonomika praqtikulad

ganadgurda.

warmoebis moSlawarmoebis moSlawarmoebis moSlawarmoebis moSla

warmoebis Semcireba ukve 1980-iani wlebis bolosaTvis daiwyo, ekonomikuri situacia

kidev ufro gauaresda, sul mcire, sami mizezis gamo: pirveli, saqarTvelos

eqsportze moTxovnileba Semcirda (sxva sabWoTa respublikebSi mzardi

arastabilurobis gamo); meore, moskovma saqarTvelos damoukideblobis

gamocxadebisTvis samagiero gadauxada "virtualuri blokadis" gamocxadebiT; mesame

gamsaxurdiam daiwyo "TviT-blokada," raTa Seesustebina ruseTze damokidebuleba.

qarTveli eqspertebis SefasebiT, 1991 weli dakarguli weli iyo. vi magram uaresi jer




kidev win iyo. amrigad, Raribi ekonomikuri garemos, samoqalaqo omis da politikuri

gaurkvevlobis Sedegad realuri wminda materialuri produqtis warmoebis

maCvenebeli 1992 wels 42 procentiT daeca, xolo dacemis periodi gagrZelda 1995

wlamde. "Crdilovani ekonomikis" arsebobis gaTvaliswinebiT savaraudoa, rom,

arsebuli dacemis tempi SeiZleba oficialur monacemebze SedarebiT naklebi

yofiliyo.

liberalizacia da hiperinflacialiberalizacia da hiperinflacialiberalizacia da hiperinflacialiberalizacia da hiperinflacia

1992 wlis dasawyisSi, ruseTis msgavsad, ganxorcielda bazrebis umetesobis

liberalizacia, ris Sedegadac, fasebi ganTavisuflda da mkveTrad gaizarda. magram,

procesi garkveulwilad arasruli iyo: sawarmoebi jer kidev iRebdnen mniSvnelovan

subsidiebs da xelfasebi kvlavac indeqsirebuli iyo. 1992 wlis meore naxevarSi,

fulis miwodeba swrafad gaizarda (umTavresad sabiujeto deficitis dafinansebis,

Sesanaxi anabrebis indeqsaciis da saqarTvelos erovnuli bankis mier komerciuli

bankebis xelaxali dafinansebis gamo), ramac mniSvnelovani zegavlena iqonia

inflaciis doneze. 1992 wlis bolosaTvis ruseTis centraluri bankis mier rublis

mowodebis Sewyvetis Semdeg, 1993 wlis aprilSi SemoRebul iqna kuponi. igi iqca

erTaderT kanonier sagadamxdelo saSualebad. saerTaSoriso savaluto fondis da

msoflio bankis gafrTxilebebis miuxedavad, grZeldeboda sakredito eqspansia, ramac

sabolood, 1993 wlis bolosa da 1994 welSi hiperinflacia gamoiwvia.

3. stabilizacia da aRdgeniTi procesi

garedan miRebuli daxmarebis roli garedan miRebuli daxmarebis roli garedan miRebuli daxmarebis roli garedan miRebuli daxmarebis roli

qveynis ekonomikis TiTqmis sruli moSlis Semdeg, saqarTvelo mwvaved saWiroebda

daxmarebas. molaparakebebi saerTaSoriso savaluto fondTan 1994 wlis zafxulSi

daiwyo. saerTaSoriso savaluto fondTan daido pirveli SeTanxmeba sistemuri

gardaqmnebis kreditis Sesaxeb. saerTaSoriso savaluto fondis mier gamoyofil

kreditTan dakavSirebuli pirobebis umetesoba iTvaliswinebda ekonomikis gardaqmnas

(struqturul cvlilebebs) da inflaciis donis Semcirebas. amgvarad, stabilizacia

ekonomikis gacocxlebis mniSvnelovan winapirobad iqna miCneuli. vii 1996 wlis

TebervalSi saerTaSoriso savaluto fondma Tanxmoba ganacxada samwliani sesxis

gacemaze struqturuli gardaqmnebis kreditis saxiT viii. saqarTvelos daxmareba

gauwia, agreTve, msoflio bankma, evrokavSirma, SeerTebulma Statebma da germaniam.

daxmareba iqna aRmoCenili agreTve sxva mravalmxrivi Tu ormxrivi xelSekrulebebis

safuZvelze. ix

savaluto reformebi, stabilizacia da ekonomikis gamococxlebasavaluto reformebi, stabilizacia da ekonomikis gamococxlebasavaluto reformebi, stabilizacia da ekonomikis gamococxlebasavaluto reformebi, stabilizacia da ekonomikis gamococxleba

axali valuta, lari, warmatebiT iqna gaSvebuli mimoqcevaSi 1995 wlis oqtomberSi.

finansuri konsolidacia miCneulia makroekonomikuri stabilizaciis erT-erT

ZiriTad elementad. aqedan gamomdinare, frTxili finansuri politikis wyalobiT,

inflaciis koeficienti erTeul maCveneblebamde daeca. Sedegad, kvlav daiwyo

ekonomikuri zrdis procesi da oficialuri statistikis Tanaxmad, man 1997 wels mSp-

s zrdis tempma 10 procentsac ki gadaaWarba. laris pariteti dolarTan mimarTebiT

1998 wlis seqtembramde aseve stabiluri iyo – 1.30-1.35 lari dolarze.

didi imedebi didi imedebi didi imedebi didi imedebi




saqarTvelos ekonomikaSi miRweulma calkeulma Sedegebma, gansakuTrebiT ki

stabilizaciasa da zrdasTan mimarTebiT, dasabami misca saerTo optimizms da TviT

saerTaSoriso savaluto fondis eqspertebSic ki siamayis grZnoba gamoiwvia.

mosalodneli iyo, rom dadebiT cvlilebebs adgili eqneboda 1998 welsac da

Semdegac. aqedan gamomdinare, saqarTvelos xelisuflebis mier (saerTaSoriso

savaluto fondTan da msoflio bankTan TanamSromlobiT) momzadebuli 1998-2000

wlebis programis ZiriTad mizans (aRmosavleT aziis msgavsad) warmoadgenda 8-10

procentiani zrdis wliuri tempi da inflaciis wliuri donis aranakleb 5

procentiT Semcireba 2000 wlisaTvis. x

darCenili Seusabamobani darCenili Seusabamobani darCenili Seusabamobani darCenili Seusabamobani

saerTo optimizmis miuxedavad, jer kidev arsebobda Sida da gare Seusabamobani.

finansuri situacia arasodes ar yofila bolomde damakmayofilebeli. gadasaxadebis

amoRebis done yovelTvis metad mokrZalebuli iyo (mSp-s daaxloebiT 10 procenti

1997 wels da gacilebiT naklebi 1998 wels, kerZod ki, saerTaSoriso savaluto

fondis monacemebis Tanaxmad, gadasaxadebis akrefis yvelaze dabali done dsT-s

qveynebs Sorisxi) da yovelTvis gegmaze dabali. Sedegad, sabiujeto deficitis

Semcireba – romelic 1997 wels Seadgenda mSp-s 5 da saxelmwifo Semosavlebis 50

procents – SeuZlebeli gaxda. garda amisa, oficialuri monacemebis Tanaxmad,

sagareo vaWrobis deficiti sakmaod didi iyo. 1997 wels registrirebulma importma

Seadgina 931 milioni aSS dolari im dros, roca eqsportma mxolod 227 milioni aSS

dolari. amrigad, 1995-1997 wlebSi importis moculobis zrdis wliurma maCvenebelma

(daaxloebiT) 55 procenti Seadgina, im dros, roca eqsportis moculoba gacilebiT

naklebi doniT gaizarda (daaxloebiT 21 procentiT). xii aman nawilobrivi asaxva hpova

mimdinare angariSebis deficitis gaRrmavebaSi, romelmac 1997 wels mSp-s 10 procenti

Seadgina, agreTve, sagareo valebis zrdaSi, romelic 1997 wlisaTvis warmoadgenda

mSp-s 3 procents.

mcdari Sefasebebi mcdari Sefasebebi mcdari Sefasebebi mcdari Sefasebebi

sworad ar iqna Sefasebuli gansxvaveba saSualo vadian cvlilebebs, kerZod

(saqarTvelos SemTxvevaSi) katastrofuli dacemis Semdeg ekonomikuri saqmianobis

xanmokle gamococxlebasa da ekonomikuri zrdis mdgrad grZelvadian tendencias

Soris. am TvalsazrisiT, mravali didi saxelmwifo kompaniis privatizaciis

miuxedavad, xiii adgilobrivi investiciebis done Zalzed dabali iyo. xiv

arastabiluri wonasworoba arastabiluri wonasworoba arastabiluri wonasworoba arastabiluri wonasworoba

SeiZleba davaskvnaT, rom saqarTvelos mier 1998 wlis dasawyisisaTvis miRweuli

wonasworoba metad arastabiluri iyo. aRniSnuli niSnavs, rom Sinagan da/an garegan

areulobas dauyovnebliv mohyveboda destabilizacia. faqtobrivad, saqarTvelo

metad rTuli situaciaSi aRmoCnda, kerZod, adgilobrivi "fiskaluri Sokisa" da

ruseTis 1998 wlis krizisis zegavlenis Sedegad.

4. saqarTvelos ekonomika 1998/99 wlebSi

fiskaluri krizisi fiskaluri krizisi fiskaluri krizisi fiskaluri krizisi

fiskaluri situacia mkveTrad gauaresda 1998 wlis meore naxevarSi, rasac finansTa

ministris Tanamdebobidan gadayeneba moyva. saSualod, wliuri saxelmwifo

Semosavlebi dagegmilze 40 procentiT naklebi iyo, gansakuTrebiT dRg da sabaJo




mosakreblebi. deficiti ruseTis ekonomikur da politikur krizisamde daiwyo.

aRniSnuli naklovanebebis miuxedavad, sabiujeto deficiti SeizRuda gasavlebis,

ZiriTadad ki pensiebis da saxelmwifo seqtorSi dasaqmebulTa xelfasebis gacemis

gadavadebis meSveobiT. xv finansuri krizisis ZiriTad mizezebs warmoadgens, agreTve,

xelisuflebaSi korufciis ukiduresad maRali done da gadasaxadebTan

dakavSirebuli farTod gavrcelebuli TaRliToba.

ruseTis finansuri da ekonomikuri krizisis zegavlenaruseTis finansuri da ekonomikuri krizisis zegavlenaruseTis finansuri da ekonomikuri krizisis zegavlenaruseTis finansuri da ekonomikuri krizisis zegavlena

1998 wlis agvistoSi ruseTis mTavrobam gadawyvita moexdina rublis devalvacia. amis

Semdgom, ruseTma SeaCera saxazino Tamasuqebis da obligaciebis ganaRdeba. sabanko

seqtorma likviduroba dakarga da daiwyo mwvave recesia. aRniSnulma uaryofiTma

tendenciebma pirdapiri Tu arapirdapiri zegavlena iqonies ruseTis sagareo

ekonomikur da finansur urTierTobebze.

ar arsebobs sruli suraTi imisa Tu ra Sedegebi moutana saqarTvelos ruseTis

krizisma. zogadad Tu vilaparakebT, adgili hqonda importis mozRvavebas ruseTidan,

maSin roca ruseTSi eqsportis done daeca axli savaluto gacvliTi kursis gamo.

mTlianobaSi, ruseTi saqarTvelos ZiriTad savaWro partniorad rCeboda. 1998 wels

ruseTTan vaWroba Seadgenda vaWrobis saerTo brunvis 21.1 procents, 10 procentiT

mets, vidre TurqeTTan, saqarTvelos meore udides savaWro partniorTan. rac Seexeba

saerTaSoriso gadaricxvebs (ruseTSi 200 aTas qarTvelze meti muSaobs), ruseTis

krizisiT gamowveul zarals unda Seedgina 50 milionze meti. 1999 wels saqarTvelom

nawilobriv ainazRaura ruseTis bazris SedarebiTi dakargva dasavleTSi

ganxorcielebuli eqsportis moculobis gazrdiT.

laris kursis cvalebadoba laris kursis cvalebadoba laris kursis cvalebadoba laris kursis cvalebadoba

1998 wlis meoTxe kvartlis dasawyisisaTvis laris kursi dolarTan mimarTebiT

kvlav 1.36-s Seadgenda (seqtemberSi laris kursis ordRiani panikuri vardnis Semdag).

wlis bolosaTvis, rodesac saqarTvelos erovnuls banks savaluto rezervebi

mniSvnelovnad Seumcirda, laris kursma vardna daiwyo. 1999 wlis dasawyisisaTvis

kursma daiwyo Tavisufali ryeva da dacema. magram es tendencia swrafad SeCerda.

saqarTvelos erovnulma bankma 1999 wlis aprilisaTvis daiwyo dolaris SeZena

laris hiperdevalvaciis Tavidan acilebis mizniT, romelic sabolood gamyarda

Semdegi kursiT: erTi dolari - 2 larze cota naklebi.

5. sagareo vaWrobis orientacia

araregistrirebuli vaWroba da sarkiseburi statistika araregistrirebuli vaWroba da sarkiseburi statistika araregistrirebuli vaWroba da sarkiseburi statistika araregistrirebuli vaWroba da sarkiseburi statistika

sayovelTaod aRiarebuli faqtia, rom saqarTvelos vaWrobis mniSvnelovani nawili

saerTod ar aris registrirebuli. garda amisa, registrirebuli monacemebi xSirad

ar Seesabameba ganxorcielebul garigebebs, rac ar iZleva vaWrobis mimarTulebebze

dabejiTebiT msjelobis saSualebas. sagareo vaWrobis statistikis SezRudulobis

ilustracias warmoadgens e.w. "sarkiseburi statistikis" gamoyeneba. magaliTad,

saqarTvelos oficialuri statistikis Tanaxmad, saqarTvelos importi SeerTebuli

Statebidan 1997 wels Seadgenda 63.2 milion lars (daaxloebiT 55 milion aSS

dolars), im dros, roca SeerTebuli Statebis statistikuri aRweris biuros

reestrebis Tanaxmad, eqsportis Rirebuleba SeerTebuli Statebidan Seadgenda 140

aSS dolars. xvi ormxrivi statistikis SemTxvevaSi TiTqmis yovelTvis arsebobs




"sarkuli problemebi." magram, unda aRniSnos, rom saqarTvelo gansakuTrebiT mwvave

SemTxvevaa.

vaWrobis tendenciebivaWrobis tendenciebivaWrobis tendenciebivaWrobis tendenciebi

1998 wlamde saqarTvelos eqsportsa da imports Soris arsebobda garkveulwilad

urTierTgansxvavebuli tendenciebi. rogorc ukve aRiniSna, am ukanasknel axasiaTebda

zrdis tendencia, im dros, roca pirvelis moculoba gacilebiT ufro nela

izrdeboda. Sedegad, savaWro balansi ar gaumjobesebula. es suraTi mkveTrad

Seicvala 1999 wels importis kraxTan erTad.

importisa da eqsportis savaWro struqturaimportisa da eqsportis savaWro struqturaimportisa da eqsportis savaWro struqturaimportisa da eqsportis savaWro struqtura

saqarTvelos eqsportis ZiriTadi nawili koncentrirebulia dabali damatebiTi

Rirebulebis mqone produqciaze, rogoricaa. magaliTad mZime mrewvelobis produqcia

(rkina da foladi), kvebis produqtebi da Tambaqo, agreTve mineraluri sawvavi (rigi

re-eqsportis CaTvliT). rogorc eqsportis dinamika gviCvenebs, eqsportis

koncentracia dabali damatebiTi Rirebulebis mqone produqciaze kvlavac darCeba

saqarTvelos vaWrobis ZiriTad damaxasiaTebel niSnad. xvii

SeiZleba iTqvas, rom eqsportis struqturaSi aisaxeba, agreTve:

1) bunebriv fardobiTi upiratesobebi (magaliTad, kvebis produqtebi da Tambaqo,

sasmelebi);

2) warsulis memkvidreoba, roca upiratesoba eniWeboda mrewvelobas (gansakuTrebiT

mZime mrewvelobas) da

3) qveynis geo-politikuri mdebareoba energoresursebiT mdidar kaspiis zRvasa da

centralur azias da dasavleT evropas Soris.

importSi dominirebs mineraluri produqcia da kvebis produqtebi, rac miuTiTebs

saqarTvelos damokidebulebaze ucxoeTidan energiis mowodebaze da komunisturi

sistemis kraxis Semdeg soflis meurneobasTan dakavSirebul adgilobriv

problemebze. manqana-danadgarebis importis moculoba mniSvnelovani ar aris, rac

SeiZleba aixsnas investiciebis aSkarad dabali doniT – es ki xels uSlis

grZelvadian zrdas.

gamovlenili fardobiTi upiratesobebi gamovlenili fardobiTi upiratesobebi gamovlenili fardobiTi upiratesobebi gamovlenili fardobiTi upiratesobebi

evropis saeqperto samsaxuris da ekonomiuri politikis da samarTlebrivi sakiTxebis

qarTul-evropuli sakonsultacio centris mier SemoTavazebulma kvlevam aCvena, rom

fardobiTi upiratesoba aRiniSneba saqarTvelosTvis mniSvnelovani 40 saeqsporto

punqtidan 19 dasaxelebis produqciis mimarT. aRniSnuli produqcia warmoadgens 1999

wels saqarTvelodan msoflioSi ganxorcielebuli eqsportis 77 procents. maTgan 7

dasaxelebis produqcia xasiaTdeba zrdis mniSvnelovnad dadebiTi koeficientiT

1994-1997 wlebisTvis. aRniSnuli produqcia Seesabameba saqarTvelodan msoflios

masStabiT ganxorcielebuli importis 37.5 procents. magram, amasTanave, am

dasaxelebis produqciis msoflio importis zrdis maCvenebeli optimizmis safuZvels

ar iZleva. unda aRiniSnos, rom msoflio bazarze izrdeba saqarTvelodan

importirebuli mxolod ori dasaxelebis produqciis moculoba, kerZod Zvirfasi

liTonebis madneulisa da zogierTi sxva liTonisa.xviii sxva sityvebiT rom vTqvaT,

iqmneba STabeWdileba, TiTqos saqarTvelo specializirdeba iseT bazrebze,




romelTac zrdis neli tempebi axasiaTebs, aman ki SeiZleba xeli SeuSalos qveynis

grZelvadian ekonomikur ganviTarebas.

vaWrobisvaWrobisvaWrobisvaWrobis mimarTulebebi mimarTulebebi mimarTulebebi mimarTulebebi

saqarTvelos eqsportis saerTo moculobis daaxloebiT erTi mesamedi ruseTsa da

dasavleT dsT-s qveynebze modis (ukraina, moldova da belorusia). ruseTi kvlavac

rCeba saqarTvelos eqsportis daniSnulebis ZiriTad punqtad. kaspiis zRvisa da

centraluri aziis regioni aseve ZiriTad partniorebs warmoadgens. magram, amave

dros, ganuxrelad izrdeba evrokavSiris da dsT-s arawevr qvynebSi

ganxorcielebuli eqsportis moculoba, rac gulisxmobs vaWrobis orientaciis

Secvlas dasavleTis mimarTulebiT, Tundac eqsportTan mimarTebiT. rac Seexeba

imports, saqarTvelos ZiriTad partniorebad gvevlinebian ruseTi, TurqeTi da

azerbaijani. xix

6. sagareo vaWrobis politika

zogadi ganmartebani sagareo vaWroba miCneulia im saxis instrumentad, romelsac saxelmwifo iyenebs,

raTa zegavlena moaxdinos danarCen msofliosTan misi savaWro urTierTobebis

moculobaze, orientaciasa da Semadgenlobaze. umeteswilad, aseTi zomebi miznad

isaxavs adgilobrivi warmoebis da muSaxelis dacvasa da xelSewyobas, savaWro

balansis gaumjobesebas, sapasuxo RonisZiebebis ganxorcielebas sxvebis mimarT,

erovnuli usafrTxoebis xelSewyobas, embargos dawesebas da sxva. ufro zogadad Tu

visaubrebT, savaWro politikis instrumentebi da zomebi SeiZleba daiyos satarifo

da arasatarifo barierebad. saqarTvelos SemTxvevaSi, arsebobda rigi

damaxasiaTebeli Tvisebebisa, romelic dakavSirebuli iyo saqarTvelos, rogorc

yofil administraciul-mbrZanebluri ekonomikis mqone qveynis statusTan.

sagareo vaWrobis ZiriTadi principebi. sagareo vaWrobis ZiriTadi principebi. sagareo vaWrobis ZiriTadi principebi. sagareo vaWrobis ZiriTadi principebi.

msoflio savaWro organizaciisTvis 1997 wlis martSi wardgenil memorandumSi

“sagareo vaWrobis Sesaxeb” Camoyalibebulia saqarTvelos sagareo vaWrobis ZiriTadi

principebi. amrigad, saqarTvelom unda miaRwios “misi ekonomikis srul integracias

msoflio ekonomikaSi.” am TvalsazrisiT, mso-Si gaerTianeba ganixileba, rogorc

pirveli mniSvnelovani nabiji am mimarTulebiT.

barteruli vaWrobis dasasruli barteruli vaWrobis dasasruli barteruli vaWrobis dasasruli barteruli vaWrobis dasasruli

sabWoTa periodSi barteruli vaWroba warmoadgenda komerciuli urTierTobebis

ZiriTad damaxasiaTebel niSans. 1994 wels dawyebuli vaWrobis liberalizaciis,

kerZod ki, saxelmwifo vaWrobaSi saxelmwifo monopoliis gauqmebis da

gansakuTrebuli tarifebis SemoRebis Sedegad swrafad Semcirda barteruli

vaWrobis mniSvneloba. 1995 wlis meore naxevarSi barteruli vaWroba Seadgenda

eqsportis daaxloebiT 13 procents da importis 2 procents. xx eleqtroenergiasTan

dakavSirebiT, jer kidev aqvs adgili barterul vaWrobas. saqarTvelos TurqeTTan

dadebuli aqvs SeTanxmeba eleqtroenergiis eqsportisa da importis Taobaze. magram

aRniSnuli Seesabameba aseTi tipis “produqciasTan” dakavSirebiT arsebuls

saerTaSoriso wesebs.

savaWrosavaWrosavaWrosavaWro uflebebi uflebebi uflebebi uflebebi




vaWrobis liberalizaciis Sedegad, yvela fizikur da iuridiul pirs, iqneba es

ucxoeli Tu adgilobrivi, SeuZlia awarmoos saimporto Tu saeqsporto saqmianoba,

Tu igi akmayofilebs finansTa saministrosa da sagadasaxado saxelmwifo

departamentSi registraciasTan dakavSirebul moTxovnebs.

importis regulireba importis regulireba importis regulireba importis regulireba

produqciis kategoriebis gansazRvrisaTvis saqarTvelo iyenebs e.w “saqonlis

harmonizirebuli aRwerisa da kodirebis sistemis” nomenklaturas. sabaJo

gadasaxadebis Tanmimdevruli sistema pirvelad 1994 wlis dekemberSi iqna SemoRebul,

sadac importis ZiriTadi erTiani satarifo ganakveTi Seadgenda 12 procents (xolo

20 procents barterul vaWrobaze). zogierTi dasaxelebis importirebuli saqoneli,

rogoricaa, magaliTad, ucxoeTidan daxmarebis saxiT gamogzavnili kvebis

produqtebi, SeiZleba gaTavisuflebul iqnas saimporto tarifebiT dabegvrisagan. xxi

importis umetesi nawilis mimarT gamoiyeneba 12-procentiani dabegvra, xolo 5-

procentiani – gamoiyeneba wamlebis, aparaturis da saTadarigo nawilebis mimarT.

oficialuri gamoTvlebis Tanaxmad, 1997 wels saSualo Sewonili-savaWro tarifi

Seadgenda 5.1 procents. importze gadasaxadebis amoRebis arsebuli maCvenebeli

Seadgens 9.89 procents, kerZod, imaze odnav mets, rac evrokavSiris vaWrobasTan

Sewonili dacvis maCvenebeli – 9.6 procenti 1995. xxii damatebiTi Rirebulebis

gadasaxadiT dabegvra xorcieldeba yvelasaTvis saerTo ganakveTiT– 20 procenti.

dRg gamoiyeneba sabiTumo fasis mimarT, plius aqcizis gadasaxadi adgilobrivi

warmoebis produqciaze, saimporto gadasaxadisa da aqcizis CaTvliT importisaTvis.

arasatarifo barierebi importisaTvisarasatarifo barierebi importisaTvisarasatarifo barierebi importisaTvisarasatarifo barierebi importisaTvis

mimdinareobs iseTi arasatarifo barierebis, rogoricaa, magaliTad, standartebi da

sertifikacia, agreTve sanitaruli da fitosanitariuli zomebi, gadasinjva da

ganaxleba, raTa isini Seesabamebodnen saerTaSoriso normebs. magram, jer kidev

arsebobs Seusabamobani. magaliTad, ar arsebobs nebayoflobiTi standartis

(savaldebulo teqnikuri reglamentis an standartis sapirispirod) mcnebis zusti

gageba. savaldebulo standartebis raodenoba aseve mcirdeba. rac Seexeba sanitarul

da fitosanitariul zomebs, ganxorcielebul iqna cvlilebebi, raTa adgilobrivi

kanonmdebloba SesabamisobaSi mosuliyo mso-s moTxovnebTan. amasTanave, 1999 wlis

bolosaTvis, saimporto licenziebi jer kidev saWiro iyo orasze meti dasaxelebis

produqciasTan dakavSirebiT.

saeqsporto reJimi saeqsporto reJimi saeqsporto reJimi saeqsporto reJimi

rogorc wesi, saqarTvelo ar uwesebs gadasaxadebs eqsportsa da re-eqsports.

darCenili saeqsporto qvota (jarTze) axla Secvlilia specialuri gadasaxadiT da

licenzirebiT. 1998 wels gauqmebul iqna agreTve saeqsporto licenziis

registrirebuli gadasaxadi. jer kidev arsebobs mcireodeni SezRudvebi, romlebic

ZiriTadad gamarTlebulia janmrTelobisa da socialuri dacvis, agreTve erovnuli

usafrTxoebis miznebiT. aRar arsebobs aranairi saeqsporto subsidia, romelic

winaaRmdegobaSi iqneboda mso-s normebTan.

liberaluri arCevaniliberaluri arCevaniliberaluri arCevaniliberaluri arCevani

saerTaSoriso savaluto fondis eqspertebis Tanaxmad, “saqarTvelos savaWro da

valutis gacvliTi sistemebi yvelaze liberalurad iTvleba gardamavali ekonomikis




qveynebs Soris.” saerTaSoriso savaluto fondis Sexedulebas mxars umagrebs

GEPLAC-is mier bazris dacvis donesa (“axsnili” cvladi) da erT sul mosaxleze

SemosavalTan dakavSirebiT (“amxsneli” cvladi) Catarebuli regresuli analizi

rigi gardamavali ekonomikis qveynebisaTvis. amrigad, dacvis donesa da erT sul

mosaxleze Semosavals Soris arsebobs mniSvnelovani uaryofiTi urTierTkavSiri –

rac ufro maRalia Semosavali, miT ufro dabalia dacva. garda amisa, saqarTvelo

“zRvarze gacilebiT dabla” dgas. sxva sityvebiT rom vTqvaT, dacvis “gamoyenebuli”

saSualo maCvenebeli, 5.1 procenti, normaze 11 procentiT dabalia, rac

gansazRvrulia regresul xazze ganTavsebuli gaangariSebuli monacemebiT.xxiv

saimporto gadasaxadebis sruli moculobiT amoRebis SemTxvevaSi (gadasaxadebis

akrefis arsebul doneze daaxloebiT orjer meti) saqarTvelo kvlavac “zRvars

miRma rCeba.”

7. regionaluri SeTanxmebebi

regionaluri SeTanxmebebi savaWro politikis instrumentebad SeiZleba miCneul iqnas

imdenad, ramdenadac maT SeuZliaT gazardon dacvis done da Sedegad gamoiwvion

diskriminacia danarCeni msoflios mimarT. rac Seexeba saqarTvelos, misTvis dsT da

biseki (xolo suami cota ufro naklebi doniT) regionaluri integraciis ZiriTad

gamocdilebas warmoadgens. maTi ganviTareba nawilobriv damokidebulia garegan

faqtorebze, maT Soris dasavleTis dainteresebaze yofili sabWoTa kavSiris

energoresursebis eqspluataciiT.

ZiriTadi koncefciebi ZiriTadi koncefciebi ZiriTadi koncefciebi ZiriTadi koncefciebi

ekonomikuri integraciis ZiriTad doneebs warmoadgens: 1) SeTanxmeba preferenciuli

tarifebis Sesaxeb, sul mcire, or qveyanas Soris, 2) Tavisufali savaWro zona, 3)

sabaJo kavSiri, 4) erTiani bazari, 5) fuladi kavSiri da sxva. j.vaineris naSromis

Semdeg, zogierTma ekonomistma scada Seefasebina aseTi regionaluri SeTanxmebebis,

gansakuTrebiT ki, Tavisufali savaWro zonebis da sabaJo kavSirebis zegavlena

ekonomikur keTildReobaze. j.vaineri erTmaneTisgan ganasxvavebs e.w “vaWrobis

Seqmnasa” da “vaWrobis gadagvarebas.” ufro zogadad, vaWrobis Seqmnas adgili aqvs,

roca regionaluri SeTanxmeba regionSi aumjobesebs warmoebis efeqtianobis dones.

sxvagvarad adgili eqneba gadagvarebas – vaWrobis Seqmna xasiaTdeba, agreTve,

importis gadarTviT araefeqtiani wyaroebidan efeqtianze; importis gadarTva

efeqtiani wyaroebidan araefeqtianze miCneulia vaWrobis gadagvarebad.xxv j.bragvatis

winadadeba iyo vaineris statikuri koncefciis nacvlad yuradReba daTmoboda

regionaluri SeTanxmebebis dinamikur da grZelvadian perspeqtivebs. uSvebs ra, rom

Tavisufali vaWroba saukeTesoa, igi gvTavazobs gansxvavebas “mSenebel” da

“Semaferxebel” blokebs Soris. mSenebel bloki warmoadgens msoflio vaWrobis

liberalizaciisken gadadgmul dadebiT nabijs, im dros, roca Semaferxebeli bloki

ufro xels uSlis msoflio vaWrobis momaval ganTavisuflebas da Sedegad, amcirebs

e.w “msoflio ekonomikur keTildReobas.”xxvi

damoukidebeli qveynebis Tanamegobroba damoukidebeli qveynebis Tanamegobroba damoukidebeli qveynebis Tanamegobroba damoukidebeli qveynebis Tanamegobroba

sabWoTa kavSiris daSlis Semdeg, 1991 wlis dekemberSi minskSi Seikribnen axali

damoukidebeli qveynebis mTavrobis meTaurebi da gadawyvites SeeqmnaT dsT, romlis

mizania maT qveynebs Soris arsebuli kavSirebis SenarCuneba.xxvii saqarTvelom dsT-sTan

mierTeba 1993 wels gadawyveta. 1995 wels 1992 wlis amao mcdelobis Semdeg Seiqmna,




agreTve, sabaJo kavSiri, romelic aerTianebs dsT-s mxolod oTx wevr qveyanas,

kerZod ruseTs, belorusias, yazaxeTs da uzbekeTs.

saqarTvelos mTavrobam uari ganacxada SeerTeboda dsT-ze damyarebul sabaJo

kavSirs. regionalur SeTanxmebaze uaris ZiriTadi mizezebi SeiZleba SemdegSi

mdgomareobdes:

1) ruseTis dominanturi mdgomareoba, romelic pirdapir Tu arapirdapir karnaxobs

sxvebs savaWro politikis pirobebs;

2) saqarTvelos SemTxvevaSi es niSnavda ufro maRali tarifebis SemoRebas, rac

gaaZnelebda mso-sTan mimdinare molaparakebebs;

3) yofil sabWoTa respublikebTan xelaxalma integraciam SeiZleba gamoiwvios

msoflios uaxlesi da yvelaze Tanamedrove miRwevebis xelmisawvdomobis

Semcireba, rac uaryofiT zegavlenas iqoniebs grZelvadian zrdaze;

4) igi uaryofiT zegavlenas moaxdens saimporto satarifo Semosavlebze; am

SemTxvevaSi, CEPAR-is (romelsac afinansebs SeerTebuli Statebis saerTaSoriso

ganviTarebis saagento) mier Catarebuli kvlevis Tanaxmad, importis

gadasaxadebidan miRebuli saxelmwifo Semosavlebi SeiZleboda Semcirebuliyo 36

procentiT;xxviii

5) mas SeiZleba uaryofiTad emoqmeda importze danarCeni msofliodan, rac

gamoiwvevda zedmet daZabulobas ucxoel partniorebTan;

6) saqarTvelo dakargavda ucxoeTidan, gansakuTrebiT ki SeerTebuli Statebidan da

evrokavSiridan miRebuli teqnikuri da finansuri daxmarebis nawils;

7) saqarTvelos ukve dadebuli aqvs dsT-s qveynebTan SeTanxmeba Tavisufali

vaWrobis Sesaxeb;

8) saqarTvelos sagareo vaWrobis politikis ZiriTad princips warmoadgens

msoflio ekonomikaSi integracia;

9) am TvalsazrisiT, dsT-ze dafuZnebuli sabaJo kavSiri SeiZleba ufro

“Semaferxebel blokad” iqnes miCneuli, xolo CEPAR-is eqspertebis azriT –

saqarTvelos ekonomikuri keTildReobis donis dacemis potenciur wyarod

(“vaWrobis gadagvareba”).

Kkosovos krizisze dsT-s qveynebis reaqciis araerTgvarovnebidan gamomdinare

(saqarTvelom 1999 wels, mas Semdeg rac daiwyo natos moqmedebebi, gadawyvita

gamosuliyo dsT-s usafrTxoebis sistemidanxxix) da am kavSirisaTvis ruseTis didi

mxardaWeris miuxedavad, dsT-s axasiaTebs politikuri integraciis nakleboba. garda

amisa, arsebobs sxvadasxva Sexeduleba dsT-s statusis Taobaze. rogorc Cans, ruseTs

surs, mxari dauWiros integraciis iseT process, romelsac sabolood, Sedegad

moyveba erTiani politikuri erTeulis Seqmna. rac Seexeba dsT-s sxva wevr qveynebs,

maTi azriT organizaciam xeli unda Seuwyos qveynebis suverenitetisa da

teritoriuli mTlianobis gaZlierebas, rac ar iZleva didi optimizmis safuZvels

dsT-s momavali ganviTarebisTvis, Tundac wminda ekonomikuri TvalsazrisiT. xxx

amasTanave, jer kidev arsebobs Zlieri savaWro tradiciebi da finansuri kavSirebi

wevr qveynebs Soris, rac gafarToebisTvis ukeTes da ufro Rrma TanamSromlobas

saWiroebs.

Savi zRvis auzis ekonomikuri TanamSromlobis paqtiSavi zRvis auzis ekonomikuri TanamSromlobis paqtiSavi zRvis auzis ekonomikuri TanamSromlobis paqtiSavi zRvis auzis ekonomikuri TanamSromlobis paqti

biseki daarsda 1992 wlis 25 ivniss, xolo rogorc regionaluri organizacia,

srulad dafuZnda 1998 wlis 5 ivniss. saqarTvelo misi erT-erT TerTmet damfuZnebel




wevrTagania. sxva wevrebi arian: ruseTi, ukraina, moldova, bulgareTi, rumineTi,

saberZneTi, TurqeTi, somxeTi, azerbaijani da albaneTi. biseki miznad isaxavs wevr

saxelmwifoebs Soris TanamSromlobis xelSewyobas da “demokratiis, mSvidobisa da

ganviTarebis” gaZlierebas. xxxi am TvalsazrisiT, aRsaniSnavia, rom saqarTvelos

ZiriTad savaWro partniorebs bisekis wevri qveynebi warmoadgenen.

miuxedavad amisa, bisekis struqturis farglebSi Semdgomi integraciis farglebi

SezRudulia:

1) misi erT-erTi wevri, kerZod, saberZneTi ukve evrokavSiris wevria, ramac SeiZleba

institucionaluri da samarTlebrivi garTulebebi gamoiwvios;

2) bisekis sxva samma wevrma – TurqeTma, bulgareTma da rumineTma – ukve iTxova

evrokavSirSi gawevrianeba; bulgareTisa da rumineTis ganacxadebi dadebiTad iqna

Sefasebuli evrokomisiis mier, miuxedavad imisa, rom saWiroa ekonomikuri

struqturebisa da samarTlebrivi institutebis ganviTareba;

3) garkveul farglebSi, am qveynebis umravlesoba ganviTarebadia SezRuduli

finansuri saSualebebiT;

4) balkaneTisa da CrdiloeT kavkasiis krizisis gamo regionSi SeiZleba Tavi iCinos

mzardma politikurma dapirispirebam.

magram, amasTanave, biseki SeiZleba miCneul iqnas “TanamSromlobis sasargeblo

gamovlinebad”, romelic gansakuTrebiT saWiroa saerTaSoriso daZabulobis

periodSi. xolo saberZneTis monawileobam SeiZleba xeli Seuwyos evrokavSirTan

ufro mWidro kavSirebis damyarebas. xxxii

saqarTvelosaqarTvelosaqarTvelosaqarTvelo----ukrainaukrainaukrainaukraina----azerbaijaniazerbaijaniazerbaijaniazerbaijani----moldova (suami)moldova (suami)moldova (suami)moldova (suami)

evropis sabWos 1997 wlis umaRlesi donis Sexvedraze, suamis qveynebis prezidentebma

ganacxades maTi survilis Sesaxeb, gaaZlieron politikuri da ekonomikuri

TanamSromloba. maT gamoxates, agreTve, regionaluri usafrTxoebiT saerTo

daintereseba. pirvelad dasavleTis reaqcia am erTobliv gancxadebaze uaryofiTi

iyo, xazgasmiT aRiniSna, rom aman SeiZleba ruseTis gaRizianeba gamoiwvios.

SeerTebuli Statebis mier axali politikis SemuSavebis Semdeg, romlis mixedviTac

centraluri azia da amierkavkasia miCneulia erovnuli interesebis sferoebad, suamis

perspeqtiva garkveulwilad ufro imedis momcemad gamoiyureba. xxxiii 1999 wlis 24

aprils suams uzbekeTi SeuerTda, ramac axali akronimi Seqmna suuami. suuams ar

gaaCnia oficialuri struqtura. xxxiv navTobis tranzitis garda, miCneulia, rom suuams

brwyinvale momavali gaaCnia wminda ekonomikuri TvalsazrisiTac, garda amisa,

ruseTi kvlavac rCeba suuamis qveynebis umetesi nawilis ZiriTad savaWro

partniorad.

8. evrokavSirTan dadebuli SeTanxmeba partniorobis da TanamSromlobis Sesaxeb

evrokavSiris axali strategia evrokavSiris axali strategia evrokavSiris axali strategia evrokavSiris axali strategia dsTdsTdsTdsT----s qveynebTan mimarTebiT s qveynebTan mimarTebiT s qveynebTan mimarTebiT s qveynebTan mimarTebiT

1991 wlis Sua periodisaTvis evrokavSiris komisia sabWoTa kavSiris daSlis aSkara

winaaRmdegi iyo. komisiam specialuri statiac ki gamoaqveyna evropis ekonomikaSi,

sadac xazgasmiT iyo aRniSnuli evropuli gamocdilebis mniSvneloba, rogorc

nimuSisa reformirebadi sabWoTa institutebisaTvis. xxxv sabWoTa struqturebis

daSlis Semdeg aRniSnuli politikuri kursi uaryofil iqna. amis erT-erTi ZiriTadi




mizezi aSkarad kaspiis zRvisa da centraluri aziis resursebiT dasavleTis mzardi

dainteresebaa. arsebobs agreTve yofil sabWoTa respublikebSi ruseTis gavlenis

Semcirebis survili. am TvalsazrisiT, saqarTvelos mniSvnelovani geo-politikuri

mdebareoba ukavia energomimwodenlebsa da dasavleTs Soris. aseTi cvlilebis

Sedegia evrokavSiris mier dafinansebuli programebis ganxorcieleba, ramac

SeiZleba Seamciros ruseTis Zalaufleba am regionebSi. karg magaliTs warmoadgens

evrokavSir-tasisis (teqnikuri daxmareba dsT-s qveynebisTvis) programis farglebSi

ganxorcielebuli trasekas proeqti.

Sualeduri SeTanxmeba Sualeduri SeTanxmeba Sualeduri SeTanxmeba Sualeduri SeTanxmeba

evrokavSirsa da saqarTvelos Soris SeTanxmeba partniorobisa da TanamSromlobis

Sesaxeb (PCA) xelmoweril iqna 1996 wlis 22 aprils. magram PCA ZalaSi Sevida 1999

wlis ivlisSi, saqarTvelos da evrokavSiris wevrebis mier misi ratifikaciis Semdeg.

am periodSi, vaWroba da vaWrobasTan dakavSirebuli sakiTxebis regulireba e.w

“Sualeduri SeTanxmebis” debulebebis Tanaxmad xdeboda.

PCA PCA, romelic TavisTavad nawilobriv e.w. “TeTr wigns” emyareba – es ukanaskneli ki

warmoadgens safuZvels 1) erTiani bazris Seqmnis procesSi miRweuli progresis

Sefasebisa da 2) centraluri da aRmosavleT evropis qveynebis evrokavSirSi

gaerTianebis momzadebisaTvis – moicavs 11 kars da exeba saqarTvelo-evrokavSiris

urTierTobebis sxvadasxva aspeqtebs:

I. zogadi principebi

II. politikuri dialogi

III. saqonliT vaWroba

IV. debulebebi, romlebic zegavlenas axdenen biznessa da

investiciebze

V. samarTlebrivi TanamSromloba

VI. ekonomiuri TanamSromloba

VII. demokratia da adamianis uflebebi

VIII. TanamSromloba ukanono saqmianobis aRkveTis, agreTve

aralegaluri emigraciis aRkveTisa da kontrolis mizniT

IX. kulturuli TanamSromloba

X. finansuri TanamSromloba teqnikuri daxmarebis sferoSi

XI. institucionaluri, zogadi da sxva debulebebi.

zogadi principebi zogadi principebi zogadi principebi zogadi principebi

demokratiis, saerTaSoriso samarTlis da adamianis uflebebis pativiscema, agreTve

bazarze orientirebuli garemos Seqmna or mxares Soris dadebuli SeTanxmebis

ZiriTad elementebs warmoadgens. sasurvelia, agreTve, TanamSromlobis ganviTareba

yofil sabWoTa respublikebs Soris (kari 1, muxli 3).

vaWroba da biznesi vaWroba da biznesi vaWroba da biznesi vaWroba da biznesi

saqonliT vaWrobasTan dakavSirebiT, mxareebi erTmaneTs umkvidreben upiratesi

xelSewyobis reJims. garantirebulia Tavisufali tranziti, agreTve saqonlis

droebiTi Setana. saqarTvelodan importirebuli saqoneli ar eqvemdebareba

raodenobriv SezRudvebs, safeiqro mrewvelobis da adgilobrivi mwarmoeblebisaTvis

miyenebuli zianis gamoklebiT. saqarTvelos SeuZlia daawesos SezRudvebi, Tu




evrokavSiris produqcia zians ayenebs adgilobriv mwarmoeblebs. amasTanave, ucxouri

pirdapiri investiciebis mimarT gamoiyeneba imaze aranakleb xelSemwyobi pirobebi,

rac mesame qveynebisaTvis. gaTvaliswinebulia agreTve gansakuTrebuli muxlebi

eqspatriantebisTvis samuSao pirobebis gaumjobesebasTan, momsaxurebis sazRvris

gadakveTiT miwodebasTan (mag. finansebisa da dazRvevis sferoSi), mimdinare

angariSsworebebTan da kapitalis gadaricxvebTan dakavSirebiT. xxxvi

PCA-s vaWrobasTan dakavSirebuli muxlebis umravlesoba GATT/mso-s wesebTan

kavSirSia. magram sainteresoa, Tu rogor SeiZleba maTi srulad da saTanadod

amoqmedeba saqarTvelos konteqstSi, romelsac jer kidev gaaCnia problemebi, mag.

saimporto gadasaxadebis dawesebis an dRg-s amoRebasTan dakavSirebiT. “erovnuli

reJimi” praqtikaSi SeiZleba diskriminacias niSnavdes, vinaidan sakuTari qveynis

moqalaqeebs meti SesaZlebloba aqvT iTaRliTon da Tavi aaridon gadasaxadebs.

davebis SemTxvevaSi saqarTvelos sasamarTloebma SeiZleba, aseve, mxari dauWiron

saqarTvelos moqalaqeebs. amasTanave, saqarTvelos ekonomikis mZime mdgomareobis

gamo, areuloba SeiZleba gamoiwvios importis mier erovnuli mwarmoeblebisaTvis

miyenebuli zianis sakiTxmac.

preferenciebis zogadi sistema (preferenciebis zogadi sistema (preferenciebis zogadi sistema (preferenciebis zogadi sistema (GSP)))) saqarTvelo sargeblobs evrokavSirTan preferenciebis zogadi sistemis Sesaxeb

dadebuli SeTanxmebiT. pirveli SeTanxmeba daido 1995 wels da igi saqarTvelos

aZlevs evrokavSirSi mTeli saimporto gadasaxadebis gareSe eqsportirebis

saSualebas. amrigad, samrewvelo saqonlis umetesobasTan dakavSirebiT importis

gadasaxadebi Zalian dabalia an sul ar arsebobs. soflis meurneobis produqciasTan

dakavSirebiT SemoRebulia Semcirebuli tarifebi. evrokavSiri qmnis agreTve

specialur stimulebs GSP-s SeRavaTebis gafarToebisTvis Tu qveyana akmayofilebs

gansakuTrebul pirobebs, romlebic dakavSirebulia, magaliTad, Sromis

kanonmdeblobasTan, usafrTxoebasa da janmrTelobasTan samuSao adgilebze, bavSvis

SromasTan da a.S. amasTanave, evrokavSirma gaaumjobesa agreTve GSP-s sqema, SeimuSava ra axali mravalwliani sqema, romelic moicavs 1999-2001 wlebs. magram, miuxedavad

imisa, rom GSP moicavs e.w. “harmonizebuli sistemis” nomenklaturis punqtebis

umetesobas, saqarTvelos eqsportis mxolod ramodenime procenti sargeblobs

evrokavSiris GSP-is sqemiT.

traseka traseka traseka traseka

“evropa – kavkasia – aziis satransporto koridoris” programa daiwyo 1993 wlis

maisSi. misi mizania, xeli Seuwyos dasavleT-aRmosavleTs Soris axali marSrutebis

ganviTarebas ise, rom isini ruseTis teritoriis nacvlad, kveTdnen “Sav zRvas da

kavkasiisa da kaspiis zRvis gavliT gadiodnen centraluri aziisaken.” trasekas mier

dafinansebuli 1998 wlis saerTaSoriso konferenciis saboloo komunikes Tanaxmad,

es Seesabameba “istoriuli abreSumis gzis aRdgenas,” CineTis gareSe. programa miznad

isaxavs, agreTve, beneficiari qveynebis politikuri da ekonomikuri damoukideblobis

xelSewyobas.

evropis sabWoSi gawevrianeba evropis sabWoSi gawevrianeba evropis sabWoSi gawevrianeba evropis sabWoSi gawevrianeba

evropis sabWos asambleis mier saqarTvelos Txovnis dakmayofilebis Sesaxeb

gadawyvetilebis miRebis Semdeg saqarTvelos parlamentis spikerma, z.Jvaniam

ganacxada, rom misi qveyana sabolood daubrunda “rogorc man uwoda, Cvens evropul




ojaxs.” xxxvii wevrad miReba dakavSirebulia politikur, adamianis da umciresobaTa

uflebebis pirobebTan. evropis sabWos wevroba SeiZleba miCneul iqnas evrokavSirSi

gawevrianebis pirvel nabijad. z. Jvaniam ukve oficialurad ganacxada saqarTvelos

mizanze evrokavSiris wevrad gaxdomis Sesaxeb.

9. molaparakebebi mso-sTan (I): ZiriTadi movlenebi

saqarTvelos savaWro reJimis Sesaxeb oficialuri angariSis wardgenis Semdeg,

gawevrianebis procesi, ZiriTadad, ormxrivi da mravalmxrivi oficialuri da

naklebad oficialuri samuSao jgufebis Sexvedrebis warmatebiT Catarebas

ukavSirdeboda. aRniSnuli Sexvedrebi or ZiriTad mizans emsaxureboda: 1)

saqarTvelos savaWro politikis mdgomareobis da reformebis statusis gansazRvra

da 2) specifiuri savaWro zomebis SezRudvebisa da zog SemTxvevaSi sruli aRkveTis

SeTanxmeba.

pirveli nabijebi pirveli nabijebi pirveli nabijebi pirveli nabijebi

1994 wels, (maSin) saqarTvelos saxelmwifos meTaurma, e.SevardnaZem gadawyvita

Seeqmna samuSao jgufi GATT-Tan molaparakebebs dawyebis mizniT. imave wels

saqarTvelo miiRo damkvirveblis statusi. 1996 wlis ivnisSi saqarTvelom

oficialurad iTxova mso-Si gawevrianeba. erTi Tvis Semdeg, mso-s generalurma

sabWom saqarTvelos gawevrianebasTan dakavSirebiT Seqmna samuSao jgufi.

“memorandumi sagareo vaWrobis Sesaxeb”“memorandumi sagareo vaWrobis Sesaxeb”“memorandumi sagareo vaWrobis Sesaxeb”“memorandumi sagareo vaWrobis Sesaxeb”

mso-Si gawevrianebas gulisxmobs ganxilvaTa rTul process. davdapirvelad

saqarTvelos eTxova warmoedgina misi sagareo vaWrobis reJimis imJamindeli statusi.

Sesabamisad, saqarTvelos mTavrobam 1997 wlis martSi moamzada da warmoadgina

“memorandumi” misi sagareo vaWrobis politikis Sesaxeb. aRniSnul dokumentSi

aRwerilia vaWrobis sqema, sagareo vaWrobis samarTlebrivi da institucionaluri

struqtura, mocemulia, agreTve, Zireuli informacia ekonomikuri situaciis da

reformebis procesis Sesaxeb. “memorandumi” wardgenil iqna mso-s wevrebisaTvis,

romelTa reaqcia 400 meti SekiTxva iyo, ZiriTadad evrokavSiris, SeerTebuli

Statebis, iaponiis, Sveicariis da avstraliis mier dasmuli. pasuxebi 1997 wlis

seqtemberSi gaegzavna mso-s samdivnos.

ormxrivi konsultaciebi ormxrivi konsultaciebi ormxrivi konsultaciebi ormxrivi konsultaciebi

1997 wlis dekemberSi saqarTvelom gamarTa winaswari molaparakebebi mso-s rig

wevrebTan: SeerTebul StatebTan, ,evrokavSirTan, iaponiasTan, avstraliasa da

kanadasTan. Semdeg, saqarTvelom miiRo winadadeba waredgina pirveli “SeTavazeba”

saqonliTa da momsaxurebiT vaWrobisTvis.

pirveli samuSao jgufi pirveli samuSao jgufi pirveli samuSao jgufi pirveli samuSao jgufi

saqarTvelos delegacia JenevaSi imyofeboda 1998 wlis 5-dan 25 martamde SeerTebul

StatebTan, evrokavSirTan, iaponiasTan, SveicariasTan, avstraliasTan, kanadasTan,

TurqeTTan, ungreTTan, bulgareTTan, CexeTis respublikasTan da slovakiasTan

ormxrivi molaparakebebis gamarTvis mizniT. pirveli samuSao Sexvedra gaimarTa 3-4

marts. daisaxa moqmedebis gegma. miRebul iqna gadawyvetileba, rom gamarTuliyo

mravalmxrivi molaparakebebis araoficialuri raundi da meore samuSao Sexvedra




imave wlis oqtomber-noemberSi, im pirobiT, rom 1998 wlis ivnisamde miRweul

iqneboda garkveuli progresi bazarze daSvebis Taobaze gamarTul molaparakebebSi.

pirveli warmatebebi pirveli warmatebebi pirveli warmatebebi pirveli warmatebebi

saqarTvelom momsaxurebiT vaWrobasTan dakavSirebiT bazarze daSvebis Taobaze

molaparakebebis umetesi nawili 1998 wlis oqtomberSi, meore samuSao Sexvedris

dros daasrula. kargad iqna miRebuli, agreTve, saqarTvelos angariSi

samarTlebrivi cvlilebebis Sesaxeb. 1998 wlis dekembris Sua ricxvebSi saqarTvelom

JenevaSi kvlav ganixila bazarze daSvebasTan dakavSirebuli sakiTxebi. ramodenime

dRis Semdeg iaponiam pirvelma moawera xeli oqms, romelic ityobineboda

saqarTvelosTan ormxrivi molaparakebebis warmatebiT dasrulebis Sesaxeb. msgavsi

molaparakebebi gaimarTa 30-ze met qveyanasTan.

saboloo nabijebisaboloo nabijebisaboloo nabijebisaboloo nabijebi

yvela molaparakebis warmatebiT dasrulebis Semdeg 1999 wlis oqtomberSi

xelmoweril iqna e.w. “mierTebis Sesaxeb oqmi.” saqarTvelo mso-s srul wevris

statusiT SeuerTda 2000 wlis ivnisSi, kerZod 30 dReSi mas Semdeg, rac organizacias

ecnoba ratifikaciis erovnuli procedurebis dasrulebis Sesaxeb.

10. molaparakebebi mso-sTan (II): ZiriTadi sakiTxebi

gawevrianebis Sesaxeb molaparakebebis procesi moicavs mraval rTul sakiTxs. Cven

visaubrebT mxolod ramodenime ZiriTadi sakiTxis Sesaxeb: saqarTvelos statusi,

satarifo ganakveTebi, inteleqtualuri sakuTrebis uflebebi, subsidiebi, ucxoeTis

daxmarebis roli.

saqarTvelos statusi saqarTvelos statusi saqarTvelos statusi saqarTvelos statusi

saqarTvelo mso-s SeuerTda rogorc ganviTarebuli qveyana mxolod da mxolod

sasoflo-sameurneo produqciis gamo. sxvagvarad, mas gardamavali periodis qveynis

statusi eqneboda. aseTi gadawyvetileba SeiZleba ucnaurad mogveCvenos, saqarTvelos

ekonomikis mZime mdgomareobis, soflis meurneobis mniSvnelobis da erT sul

mosaxleze Semosavlebis dabali donis (1000 aSS dolarze naklebi, valutis

gacvliTi kursis Tanaxmad) gamo. magram, amas SeiZleba xeli Seewyo gawevrianebis

procesisaTvis.

satarifo ganakveTebi satarifo ganakveTebi satarifo ganakveTebi satarifo ganakveTebi

mso/GATT-is erT-erT ZiriTad normas warmoadgens is, rom importirebul saqonelTan

dakavSirebiT gamoyenebuli arc erTi tarifi ar unda eqvemdebarebodes Semdgom

zrdas. sxva sityvebiT rom vTqvaT, mso-s wevrebs ar SeuZliaT daaweson ufro maRali

tarifebi, Tu adgili ara aqvs adgilobriv mwarmoeblebisaTvis mniSvnelovani zianis

miyenebis faqts an problemebs qveynis sagadasaxado balansTan dakavSirebiT.

saqarTvelos pirveli satarifo SeTavazebis Tanaxmad, bmuli tarifebis saSualo

maCvenebeli Seadgens 17.9 procents soflis-meurneobis produqciisTvis, da 10.4

procents sxva dasaxelebis produqciisTvis. saerTo saSualo maCvenebeli Seadgens

13.1 procents. da isev, bmuli tarifebis regresuli analizi gviCvenebs, rom

saqarTvelo im zRvarze gacilebiT dabla dgas, romelic sakmaod liberalur

donezea gavlebuli.




momsaxurebasTan dakavSirebiT nakisri valdebulebebimomsaxurebasTan dakavSirebiT nakisri valdebulebebimomsaxurebasTan dakavSirebiT nakisri valdebulebebimomsaxurebasTan dakavSirebiT nakisri valdebulebebi

termini “momsaxureba” moicavs saqmianobaTa farTo speqtrs, rogoricaa, magaliTad,

sabuRaltro aRricxva, telekomunikaciebi, mSenebloba, ganaTleba, sabanko saqme da

finansebi. arsebobs momsaxurebis miwodebis oTxi ZiriTadi reJimi: sazRvris

gadakveTiT, sazRvargareT moxmarebiT, komerciuli warmomadgenlobiT, pirebis

droebiTi yofniT.

momsaxurebis Sesaxeb generaluri SeTanxmebis Tanaxmad, ZiriTad princips

warmoadgens diskriminaciis dauSveblobis principi, romelic asaxvas hpovebs

upiratesi xelSewyobis da erovnuli xelSewyobis reJimebSi. upiratesi xelSewyobis

reJimi gamoiyeneba Savi siis mixedviT, sadac miTiTebulia is seqtorebi, sadac misi

gamoyeneba dauSvebelia. erovnuli xelSewyobis reJimi ganisazRvreba dadebiTi siis

mixedviT, sadac garkveviT aris miTiTebuli yvela valdebuleba liberalizaciasTan

mimarTebiT. aris agreTve iseTi ram, rasac ar moicavs GATT, mag. bazarze daSvebis xelmisawvdomoba. amasTanave, arsebobs gansxvaveba horizontalur da vertikalur

valdebulebebs Soris.

horizontaluri valdebulebebi dakavSirebulia miwodebis reJimTan. saqarTvelos

SemTxvevaSi, qveyana itovebs uflebas, SezRudos ucxoeli fizikuri pirebis

gadaadgileba da saqmianoba. specifiuri valdebulebebi dakavSirebulia rogorc

erovnuli xelSewyobis reJimTan, ise bazarze daSvebasTan. igi moicavs 12 seqtors,

romelic dayofilia 155 qve-seqtorad. momsaxurebis miwodebis oTxi reJimis

gaTvaliswinebiT, erTze modis maqsimum 1240 specifiuri valdebuleba. Tu

moviSveliebT b.hoekmanis mier SemoTavazebuli meTodologias, saqarTvelos

specifiuri valdebulebebis absoluturi done sakmaod maRalia: 315.xxxviii aRniSnuli

cifri gacilebiT ufro maRalia, vidre dabali da saSualo Semosavlis mqone

qveynebis maCveneblebi (mag. braziliis: 156; indoneziis: 140; meqsikis: 252) agreTve,

imasTan SedarebiT, rac SeiniSneba sxva, ufro ganviTarebuli gardamavali periodis

qveynebTan dakavSirebiT (ungreTi: 336; slovakeTis respublika: 308; CexeTis

respublika: 304). sxva sityvebiT rom vTqvaT, saqarTvelos momsaxurebasTan

dakavSirebuli valdebulebebi sakmaod liberaluria.

inteleqtualuri sakuTrebis uflebebi inteleqtualuri sakuTrebis uflebebi inteleqtualuri sakuTrebis uflebebi inteleqtualuri sakuTrebis uflebebi

saqarTvelos konstituciis Tanaxmad, inteleqtualuri sakuTrebis uflebebi

xelSeuvalia. samarTlebrivi sistema ise iqna SemuSavebuli, rom dakmayofilebuliyo

mso-s inteleqtualuri sakuTrebis vaWrobasTan dakavSirebuli aspeqtebis Sesaxeb

SeTanxmebis (TRIPS) da sawarmoos sakuTrebis dacvis Sesaxeb parizis konvenciis

debulebebi.

subsidiebi subsidiebi subsidiebi subsidiebi

saqarTvelos saxelmwifo jer kidev aZlevs fermerebs subsidiebs – ZiriTadad,

sesxebis saxiT SeRavaTiani pirobebiT – Caisa da yurZnisTvis. vinaidan es subsidiebi

ganekuTvneba “de minimis kategorias” (ganviTarebuli qveynis SemTxvevaSi daxmareba ar

aRemateba Rirebulebis 5 procents), aman problema ar unda Seqmnas mso-s wesebTan

dakavSirebiT. Cveulebriv pirobebSi, SeTanxmebul unda iqnas ufro farTomasStabiani

daxmareba.

saxelmwifo Sesyidvebi saxelmwifo Sesyidvebi saxelmwifo Sesyidvebi saxelmwifo Sesyidvebi




saqarTvelos parlamentma miiRo kanoni saxelmwifo Sesyidvebis Sesaxeb. igi ar

ganixileba saqarTvelos mso-Si gawevrianebis winapirobad, vinaidan saqarTvelos ar

moeTxoveba e.w. “saxelmwifo Sesyidvebis Sesaxeb SeTanxmebis” xelmowera. magram,

saqarTvelos surs xeli moaweros am SeTanxmebas. Sedegad, saxelmwifo Sesyidvebi ar

iqneba gamoyenebuli adgilobrivi mrewvelobis mxardasaWerad.

gansakuTrebuli dacviTi zomebi gansakuTrebuli dacviTi zomebi gansakuTrebuli dacviTi zomebi gansakuTrebuli dacviTi zomebi

saqarTvelos mTavrobam ganacxada, rom antidempingi, sakompensacio baJi da

usafrTxoebis zomebi gamoyenebul iqneba mso-s debulebebTan srul SesabamisobaSi

mosvlamde. saqarTvelos ekonomikis ganviTarebis donis da saxelmwifo finansuri da

kvalificirebuli adamianuri resursebis naklebobis gamo, SeiZleba, jer kidev

arsebobdes eWvi saqarTvelos mTavrobis SesaZleblobebis Taobaze, saTanado doneze

ganaxorcielos antidempinguri da sakompensacio zomebi. “arakeTilsindisier”

konkurenciasTan brZolis ZiriTad instrumentad miCneulia ufro zogadi xasiaTis

usafrTxoebis zomebi: isini namdvilad ar saWiroebs daxvewil sakanonmdeblo bazas

da, rogorc aseTi, martivia gamosayeneblad. am TvalsazrisiT, mravali ganviTarebadi

qveyana adgilobrivi mwarmoeblebis dasacavad mxolod usafrTxoebis zomebs

eyrdnoba.

ucxoeTis daxmareba ucxoeTis daxmareba ucxoeTis daxmareba ucxoeTis daxmareba

saqarTvelos mTavrobas mso-s molaparakebebis mosamzadeblad saeqsperto daxmareba

gauwia evrokavSirma da SeerTebulma Statebma. evrokavSirisa da SeerTebuli

Statebis zogierTi eqsperti saqarTvelos delegacias JenevaSic axlda Tan. maT

saqarTvelos daxmareba aRmouCines, agreTve, Sesabamisi kanonproeqtebis momzadebaSi.

soflis meurneobis satarifo ganakveTebi mniSvnelovanwilad evrokavSiris eqspertis

mier momzadebul naSroms emyareboda, romelsac saimporto gadasaxadebis

ganakveTebis da sxvaTa SeTavazebisas SeeZlo dayrdnoboda sakuTar gamocdilebas

“soflis meurneobis dargSi erTian politikasTan” dakavSirebiT.

Sida winaaRmdegoba Sida winaaRmdegoba Sida winaaRmdegoba Sida winaaRmdegoba

mso-s gawevrianebas yvela rodi uWerda mxars saqarTveloSi. magaliTad, mewarmeTa

kavSirma – politikurma partiam – ukve xazgasmiT aRniSna, rom winaaRmdegia mso-Si

gawevrianebasTan dakavSirebiT gaweuli daTmobebisa.

11. saqarTvelos sagareo vaWrobis politikis Sefaseba

saqarTvelos sagareo vaWrobis politikis orientacia da strategia badebs, sul

mcire, 5 SekiTxvas:

1) pirveli maTgani dakavSirebulia arCevanTan regionalur integraciasa da mso-Si

gawevrianebas Soris – SesaZlebelia am altenativebis Sedareba? Tu SesaZlebelia,

maSin romelia maT Soris ukeTesi?

2) meore maTgani exeba arCevans liberalizmsa da proteqcionizms Soris – Tu

davuSvebT rom aseTi arCevani SesaZlebelia, rogori strategia unda airCios

iseTma qveyanam, rogoric saqarTveloa?

3) aris Tu ara saqarTvelos arCevani nebayoflobiTi? sxva sityvebiT rom vTqvaT, es

iZulebiTi arCevania Tu Tavisufali?

4) mso-Si gawevrianebis Semdeg ra instrumentebi rCeba adgilobrivi ekonomikis

dasacavad?




5) ras moicavs evrokavSiris wevroba?

regionaluri integraciis alternativebi regionaluri integraciis alternativebi regionaluri integraciis alternativebi regionaluri integraciis alternativebi

rogorc Cans, ruseTs surs gaafarTovos integracia dsT-s farglebSi. Tu

gaviTvaliswinebT saqarTvelos Sidapolitikur situacias, dsT-s struqturebSi ufro

aqtiurma Cabmam SeiZleba gamoiwvios Sida daZabuloba da arastabiluroba

nawilobriv imis gamo, rom dsT-s – da gansakuTrebiT ruseTs – ar SeuZlia da arc

surs gadawyvitos saqarTvelosaTvis mwvave problemebi separatistul regionebTan

dakavSirebiT. amasTanave, saqarTvelos mTavrobis gadawyvetileba saqarTvelos

satranzito qveynad gadaqcevis Taobaze de facto ewinaaRmdegeba ruseTis interesebs!

GATT-is XXIV muxlis gaTvaliswinebiT, romelic exeba sabaJo kavSirebsa da

Tavisufal savaWro zonebs, saqarTvelos ufro aqtiuri monawileoba dsT-ze

dafuZnebul sabaJo kavSirSi Seaferxebda mso-Si gawevrianebasTan dakavSirebiT

gamarTul molaparakebebs, vinaidan es saqarTvelos mrewvelobisTvis dacvis ufro

maRali donis SemoRebis tolfasi iqneboda – rac sruliad zedmetia, vinaidan

ruseTsa da dsT-s sxva wevr qveynebs surT Tavadac isargeblon mso-s reJimiT.

bisekis eqsperimenti ufro meti imedis momcemi ar Cans, erovnul interesebs Soris

arsebuli gansxvavebebis gamo. amasTanave, saberZneTi ukve aris evrokavSiris wevri,

xolo sxva qveynebma ki wevrad miReba iTxoves. suamic politikurad orientirebuli

organizaciaa da ekonomikurad metad SezRudulia, rom saqarTvelos vaWrobisa da

ganviTarebis strategiis alternativad mogvevlinos.

ganviTarebadi qveynebis regionalur integraciasTan dakavSirebuli zogierTi

gamocdilebis Tanaxmad, SeiZleba jer kidev arsebobdes argumentebi dsT-s

sasargeblod. magaliTad, Mercosur-is SemTxvevaSi (Mercado Commun del Sur, kerZod

sabaJo kavSiri, romelic aerTianebs brazilias, argentinas, paragvais da urugvais),

vaWrobis moculoba swrafad gaizarda 1991 wlis SeTanxmebis dadebis Semdeg. erTian

sagareo tarifebs eskalacia axasiaTebs, rac imas niSnavs, rom dacvis done mza

produqciisTvis ufro maRalia, vidre nedleulisaTvis – dacvis sqema, romelic

industrializacias uWers mxars.xxxix

Mercosur-is dadebiTi Sedegebis miuxedavad, dsT-s SemTxveva SeiZleba ufro met

sirTuleebTan iyos dakavSirebuli. gardamavali ekonomikis qveynebis winaSe jer

kidev dgas efeqtiani da efeqturi sabazro meqanizmebis Seqmnis rTuli amocana.

amasTanave, maT ekonomikas mniSvnelovani gadaxrebi axasiaTebs (romlebic

Seesabameboda warmoebis moculobaSi mkveTr vardnas liberalizaciis dawyebis

periodisTvis), xl aRmosavleTsa da dasavleTs Soris vaWroba SeiZleba metad mcire

yofiliyo, rac gaamarTlebda yofili sabWoTa respublikebis mier orientaciis

Secvlas vaWrobis dargSi; vaWrobis struqtura aseve Sereulia.xli

msomsomsomso----s wevroba s wevroba s wevroba s wevroba

dsT-sa da bisekis SezRuduli perspeqtivebis Semdeg mso-Si gawevrianeba pirveli

saukeTeso arCevani unda iyos rogorc politikuri, ise ekonomikuri TvalsazrisiT.

es niSnavs msoflio vaWrobaSi da institucionalur struqturebSi srul

integracias, vinaidan saqarTvelo sargeblobs upiratesi xelSewyobis reJimiT, rac

mas metad esaWiroeba eqsportis xelSewyobasTan mimarTebiT. ucxoeli




investorebisaTvis saqarTvelo, rogorc mso-s wevri qveyana, ufro mimzidveli unda

iyos.

liberalizmi Tu proteqcionizmi liberalizmi Tu proteqcionizmi liberalizmi Tu proteqcionizmi liberalizmi Tu proteqcionizmi

saqarTvelos saeqsporto vaWrobis struqtura dabali da saSualo Semosavlebis

mqone qveynebis eqsportis struqturas waagavs. garda amisa, gamokveTilia fardobiTi

upiratesobebi iseTi produqciisTvis, romelzec moTxovnileba swrafad ar izrdeba

msoflio bazarze. SeiZleba Tu ara aman gaamarTlos proteqcionizmi? Tu

gaviTvaliswinebT swrafad mzardi qveynebis gamocdilebas, importis kontroli xels

ar unda uwyobdes eqsportis stimulirebas.xlii amasTanave, saqarTvelos ekonomikis

mcire moculoba ar iZleva importis Semcvleli mniSvnelovani politikis

SemuSavebis saSualebas. saqarTvelos saxelmwifo finansebis simwire ar iZleva

adgilobrivi warmoebisTvis pirdapiri daxmarebis gawevis saSualebas – subsidiebic

SeiZleba winaaRmdegobaSi movides mso-s wesebTan. amrigad, aqcenti gadatanil unda

iqnas axali savaWro kavSirebis damyarebaze mdidar regionebTan, gansakuTrebiT

dasavleT evropasTan. orientacia SeiZleba aRebul iqnas agreTve TurqeTze, iranis

bazarsa da arabeTis yuris qveynebze.

realisturi arrealisturi arrealisturi arrealisturi arCevani Cevani Cevani Cevani

zemoT moyvanili argumentebis gaTvaliswinebiT, saqarTvelos liberaluri pozicia

ar unda iyos 100 procentiT misaRebi arCevani. igi ar gulisxmobs, rom is

Tavisufali arCevania. 1990-iani wlebis Rrma politikuri da ekonomikuri krizisis

Semdeg, saqarTvelos SeuZlia daeyrdnos mxolod ucxoeTis daxmarebas, raTa

gaaumjobesos qveynis ekonomikuri mgomareoba. magram, garedan miRebuli daxmareba da

sesxebi dakavSirebulia savaldebulo pirobebis SesrulebasTan. am TvalsazrisiT,

saerTaSoriso savaluto fondi moiTxovda saerTaSoriso vaWrobis liberalizacias.

valutis gacvliTi kursi, rogorc politikis instrumenti valutis gacvliTi kursi, rogorc politikis instrumenti valutis gacvliTi kursi, rogorc politikis instrumenti valutis gacvliTi kursi, rogorc politikis instrumenti

mcire savaWro barierebisa da dabali bmuli tarifebis SemoRebis miuxedavad,

saqarTvelos mainc SeuZlia gamoiyenos valutis gacvliTi kursi, rogorc gare

SeusabamobaTa daregulirebis politikuri instrumenti. xliii magram, arsebobs agreTve

SezRudvebic. aqedan gamomdinare, saerTaSoriso savaluto fondi valutis gacvliT

kurss miiCnevs adgilobrivi inflaciis umcires makontrolebel saSualebad.

evrokavSirTan mWidro kavSirebis dasamyareblaevrokavSirTan mWidro kavSirebis dasamyareblaevrokavSirTan mWidro kavSirebis dasamyareblaevrokavSirTan mWidro kavSirebis dasamyareblad mzadeba d mzadeba d mzadeba d mzadeba

mso-Si gawevrianeba ar gamoricxavs garkveuli drois Semdeg evrokavSirSi

gawevrianebasac (an gawevrianebis moTxovnas). arsebobs evrokavSirTan siaxlovis

saWiroebis aSkara politikuri argumentebi: igi mxars dauWers gardamavali periodis

yvela miRwevas, gansakuTrebiT bazarze orientirebuli institutebis mSeneblobas da

raRa Tqma unda, saqarTvelos integracias evropaSi.

evropis sabWos wevroba ukve exmareba saqarTvelos im ZiriTadi samarTlebrivi

moTxovnebis SesrulebaSi, romelic Camoyalibebulia kavSiris damfuZnebeli

SeTanxmebis “O muxlSi:” “evropis nebismierma saxelmwifom SeiZleba iTxovos

evrokavSirSi gaerTianeba.” amrigad, evropis sabWos wevroba aSkarad miuTiTebs, rom

saqarTvelo evropuli qveyanaa. aRniSnuli muxli Secvlil iqna amsterdamis

xelSekrulebiT, romelic xazs usvams “Tavisuflebis, demokratiulobis, adamianis

uflebebis da ZiriTadi Tavisuflebebis da kanonierebis pativiscemis” mniSvnelobas.




am ZiriTadi pirobebis gaTvaliswinebiT, jer kidev saWiroa mravali

institucionaluri cvlileba, raTa saqarTvelom Seavsos evrokavSiris “kiTxvari,”

gansakuTrebiT samarTlebriv da sasamarTlo sferoSi. sxva sityvebiT rom vTqvaT,

axali kanonmdebloba, romelic mniSvnelovanwilad evrokavSiris kodeqsebs efuZneba,

sworad unda iqnas gagebuli da srulad ganxorcielebuli.xliv Trasparency International-is mier momzadebuli Sefasebis, adgilobrivi kvlevis da e.w. “sagadasaxado korufciis

papavaseuli maCveneblis” Tanaxmad, saqarTvelosTvis damaxasiaTebeli korufciis

maRali done ar iZleva didi optimizmis safuZvels, sul mcire, axlo momavalSi.

amasTanave, saqarTvelos Semosavali erT sul mosaxleze gacilebiT ufro dabalia,

vidre gawevrianebis warmatebuli msurvelebisa centraluri evropidan.

daskvna

mso-Si gawevrianeba saqarTvelos sagareo savaWro politikis da diplomatiis

umTavresi miRwevaa. evrokavSirTan ufro mWidro kavSirebis damyareba namdvilad

gaaZlierebs liberalur da demokratiul gardamaval process. magram, amasTanave,

aucilebelia mniSvnelovani progresi ekonomikur da samarTlebriv sakiTxebTan

mimarTebiT, xolo PCA aTwliani SeTanxmebaa, romelic jer kidev srulad

gansaxorcielebelia. evrokavSirTan urTierTobis momdevno safexurad SeiZleba

iqces SeTanxmeba asocirebuli wevrobis Sesaxeb, romelic SeiZleba aseve ganxilul

iqnas, rogorc alternativa evrokavSiris wevrobisa nebismieri saxiT.

ufro frTxili politika da dsT-sgan ufro dacileba SeiZleba sasurveli iyos

rogorc politikuri, ise ekonomikuri mimarTebiT, Tu adgili ar eqneba moulodnel

cvlilebebs. ekonomikuri TvalsazrisiT, biseki (xolo suami gacilebiT ufro nakleb

doniT) kvlavac rCeba saintereso gamocdilebad, vinaidan igi konstruqciuli

urTierTgacvlis, dialogis da TanamSromlobis momxrea sakiTxebis de faqto SezRudul wresTan mimarTebiT.

da bolos, prezident SevardnaZis Soreuli xedva da ambiciebi saqarTvelos evropul

ekonomikur da politikur struqturebSi integraciis Taobaze garkveviT

Camoyalibebul mimarTulebas aZlevs saqarTvelos sagareo politikas, romelic

SeiZleba magaliTad iqces sxva axali damoukidebeli qveynebisTvis, ruseTis CaTvliT.

2000 wlis ivnisi




gamoyenebuli literatura

G. Avery and F. Cameron (1998), The Enlargement of the European Union, Sheffield Academic Press. J. Blocker (1999), “Georgia: Assembly Approves Council of Europe Membership Application”, Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty, January 28. J. Bhagwati and A. Panagariya, Editors (1996), The Economics of Preferential Trade Agreements, The American Enterprise Institute Press. Commission of the European Communities (1990), “Stabilization, Liberalization and Devolution of Competencies. Evaluation of the Situation and Reform Process in the Soviet Union”, European Economics, No. 45, December. K. Chargeishvili (1999), Corruption in the Public Administration of Georgia: Causes, Consequences and the Applicability of Empirical Studies, mimeo. M. Corden (1997), Trade Policy and Economic Welfare, Clarendon Press. EU Delegation in Georgia (1996), “Partnership and Cooperation Agreement between the European Communities and their Member States, on the one Part, and of Georgia, on the other Part”, mimeo. EU Delegation in Georgia (1996), “Interim Agreement on Trade and related Matters between the European Communities, the European Coal and Steel Community and the European Atomic Energy Community on the one Part and Georgia on the other Part”, mimeo. E. Fuller (1997), “Caucasus: Interest Coverage Among The Members of the GUAM States”, Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty, December 1. L. Gurgenidze, M. Lobzhanidze and D. Onoprishvili (1994): “Georgia: From Planning to Hyperinflation”, Communist Economies & Economic Transformation, Vol. 6, No. 3, pp. 259-289. Georgian Economic Trends (or GET — Quarterly review edited by the Georgian European Policy and Legal Advice Center, GEPLAC), various issues. Georgian Government (1997), Memorandum on Foreign Trade. B. Hoekman, “Assessing the General Agreement on Trade in Services”, in The Uruguay Round and the Developing Countries, W. Martin and A. Winters (Editors), Cambridge University Press, 1996, pp. 88-124. m.imnaZe (1999) “gamyardeba Tu ara lari am Semodgomaze,” rezonansi, 6-9 aprili, gv.3.

IMF, World Bank, OECD, EBRD (1991), A Study of the Soviet Economy, vol. 1. International Monetary Fund (1995): “Republic of Georgia – Recent Economic Developments”, IMF Staff Country Report No. 95/112.




International Monetary Fund (1996): “Georgia: From Hyperinflation to Growth”, IMF Survey, September 23, p. 310. International Monetary Fund (1998), World Economic Outlook. (Chapter V: Progress with Fiscal Reforms in Countries in Transition), May issue. International Monetary Fund (1998): “Georgia: Enhanced Structural Adjustment Facility Policy Framework Paper, 1998-2000”, July 8. D. Linotte (1992), “Liberalisation, structural changes and the fall in output in transition economies” (in French), Revue d’Etudes Comparatives Est-Ouest, Vol. 23, No. 2-3, pp. 193-210. D. Linotte and D. Kemoklidze (1998), The Georgian Tariff Schedule – An International Perspective, Research Paper, GEPLAC--Program TACIS of the European Union. D. Linotte and G. Kereselidze (1998), Georgia Comparative Advantages, Research Paper, GEPLAC--Program TACIS of European Union. D. Linotte and P. Zarhanid (1994), “Trade and Payment Problems between Central Europe and the former Soviet Union – The Case for Liberal-oriented Solutions”, Prague Economic Papers, No. 2. R. Monge-Gonzalez and J.P. Farrell (1996), “Potential CIS Customs Union Effects on Georgia Trade Flows”, Center for Economic Policy and Reform (CEPAR—US AID), Analytical Paper No. 1, July. V. Papava, Minister of Economy (no date): “The Economy of Georgia: Reforms and Future Development”, mimeo. J. Pelkmans (1997), European Integration – Method and Economic Analysis, Longman. k.SevardnaZe da sxvebi sagadasaxado korufciis papavaseuli maCvenebeli, “Company Imperial LTD,” 2000. Y. Shishkov and V. Yevstigneyev (1994), Economic Relations within the CIS, Federal Trust. J. Viner (1950), The Customs Union Issue, Carnegie Endowment for International Peace. The World Bank (1993a): “Georgia – Country Economic Memorandum, From Crisis to Recovery: A Blueprint for Reforms”. The World Bank (1993b), The East Asian Miracle. GATT Secretariat (1994), The Results of the Uruguay Round of Multilateral Trade Negotiations.




SeniSvnebi

i The World Bank, (1993a), Stastical Appendix, Table 2.2. aRricxvis sxva erovnuli

koncefciebis, sxva resursebis gamoyeneba Sedegad sxva cifrebs iZleva. magaliTad,

saqarTvelos statistikis saxelmwifo departamentis Tanaxmad (1996) mrewvelobas

unda Seedgina mTliani Sida produqtis 25 procenti.

ii IMF, World Bank, OECD, EBRD (1991), p. 231. iii Georgian Economic Trends , December 95, p.24. iv IMF, World Bank, OECD, EBRD (1991), p. 227. v l.Gurgenidze, M.Lobzhanidze and D.Onoprishvili (1994), p. 261. vi l.Gurgenidze and al. (1994), p. 259. vii IMF (1995), p.2. viii V.Papava (no date), p.2. ix rogorc Cans, saqarTvelosa da germanias Soris gansakuTrebuli urTierTobebi

arsebobs. am or qveyanas Soris pirveli oficialuri kontaqtebi 1918-19 wlebSi

damyarda saqarTvelos pirveli respublikis arsebobis periodSi, roca germaniam

saqarTveloSi sajariso nawilebi gamoagzavna axali reJimis gasaZliereblad da

qveynis TurqeTis ambiciebisagan dasacavad. eduard SevardnaZe miCneulia, rogorc

pirovneba, romelmac mTavari roli iTamaSa germaniis gaerTianebis Sesaxeb

gadawyvetilebis miRebisas.

x ix. IMF (1998), p.5. xi ix. IMF (May 1998). xii GET (# 3 1998), p.5. xiii didi kompaniebi privatizebul iqna. magram axali kerZo firmebis saqmianobas

aferxebs sxvadasxva debulebebi da SeTanxmebebi, maT Soris muSaxelis raodenobis

Semcirebis SeuZlebloba sakuTrebis uflebis gadacemidan ori an sami wlis

manZilze.

xiv saerTaSoriso savaluto fondis eqspertebi adgilobriv produqciul investiciebs

arc ki miiCneven ekonomikis grZelvadiani zrdis strategiis ZiriTad komponentad.

ix. IMF (1998), p.5. (par. 1: Sources of Economic Growth) xv GET (# 1 1999), pp.4-5. xvi GET (Q1 1998), pp.60-62.




xvii GET (# 3 1998), p.58. xviii d.linoti da d.qemokliZe (1998) SeerTebuli Statebis COMTRADE-is monacemebi

“sarkiseburi statistika’ gamoyenebul iqna saqarTvelos fardobiTi upiratesobebis

kvlevisas. amis gamo, saqarTvelos eqsporti Seesabameba msoflios imports

saqarTvelodan.

xix GET (# 3 1998), p.66. xx GET Initial Review (December 1995). xxi IMF (1995), p.37. xxii J.Pelkmans (1997), p. 211. xxiii IMF (8 July 1998), p.12.

xxiv D. Linotte and D. Kemoklidze (1998). xxv J. Viner (1950). xxvi J. Bhagwati and A.Panagariya (1996). xxvii dsT-s Sesaxeb meti informaciisTvis ix. i.SiSkovi da v.evstigneevi (1994).

xxviii R. Monge-Gonzalez and J.P. Farrell (1996). xxix rezonansi, “saqarTvelo tovebs dsT-s koleqtiuri usafrTxoebas,” 1999 wlis 6-12

aprili, gv.6.

xxx Georgian Economic Trends, “CIS Summit Postponed”, No. 040 (242), April 7, 1999, p.2. xxxi BSEC internetis vebgverdi (http://www.photius.com/bsec/bsec.html), bolojer

Sesworebulia 1998 wlis 4 oqtombers.

xxxii bisekis gamocdilebas nawilobriv mxars umagrebs SeerTebuli Statebis

sainformacio saagento (Georgian Times, 20 April 1999, p.4). xxxiii 2000 wlis dasawyisSi SeerTebuli Statebis senatma gadawyvita dawyvita

suamisTvis gamoeyo dafinanseba. aRsaniSnavia, rom uzbekeTi amoRebul iqna

dafinansebis mimRebTa siidan. ix. jorjian Taimsi, 2000 wlis 30 marti.

xxxiv E. Fuller (1997). xxxv European Economics (1990). evrokavSiris komisiis prezidentma, J.delormac moiTxova

specialuri samuSao Sexvedris mowyoba sabWoTa ministrebisaTvis, raTa xazgasmiT

aReniSna sabWoTa respublikebs Soris urTierTTanamSromlobis da integraciis

http://www.photius.com/bsec/bsec.html)




dadebiTi mxareebi. aRniSnuli samuSao Sexvedris organizeba iTava saxelmwifo

xelisuflebis evropis instituti (maastrixti), igi gaimarTa 1991 seqtemberSi,

agvistos gadatrialebis mcdelobis Semdeg.

xxxvi PCA garkveulwilad gaugebrobebs iwvevs. magaliTad, V karSi Sesulia mxolod

or muxli: muxli 43 kanonmdeblobis daaxloebis Taobaze da muxli 43 bis konkurenciis Sesaxeb. VI Tavi eZRvneba sakiTxebis farTo speqtrs, maT Soris

momxmarebelTa dacvas da masTan dakavSirebul samarTlebriv sakiTxebs – ratom

konkurencias ara? ar arsebobs agreTve muxli 28.

xxxvii Loel Blocker (1999). xxxviii B.Hoekman (1996). xxxvix sainteresoa, aRiniSnos, rom ganviTarebadi qveynebis regionalur integracias

aqtiurad uWerda mxars argentineli ekonomisti r.prebihi, romelic 1963 wels gaxda

UNCTAD-is pirveli generaluri mdivani.

xl ix. D. Linott (1992). xli ix. D. Linott and P.Zahradnid (1994). xlii ix. The World Bank (1993). xliii detalebisaTvis ix. m.kordeni (1997), gv. 262 da 263. m.kordenis Tanaxmad “vaWrobis

liberalizacia saWiroebs gaufasurebas.”

xliv detalebisaTvis ix. G. Avery and F.Cameron (1998). xlv k.CargeiSvilis mier warmodgenili mtkicebulebebis Tanaxmad (1999), adgilobrivi

sasamarTloebi, satransporto policia da sabaJo saqarTvelos xelisuflebis

yvelaze korumpirebul organoebs warmoadgenen.

xlvi ix. s.SevardnaZe da sxvebi (2000).

xlvii SeiZleba davuSvaT, rom saqarTvelos Semosavali erT sul mosaxleze daaxloebiT

samjer naklebia, vidre uRaribesi warmatebuli msurvelisa, romelic moxvda

evrokavSiris gafarToebis momaval talRaSi, kerZod estoneTisa.

statistikuri danarTi statistikuri danarTi statistikuri danarTi statistikuri danarTi

125 saqarTvelossaqarTvelossaqarTvelossaqarTvelos ekonomikis mimarTulebebi ekonomikis mimarTulebebi ekonomikis mimarTulebebi ekonomikis mimarTulebebi –––– 2000 2000 2000 2000, #1, #1, #1, #1

cxrili A 3.1: konsolidirebuli biujeti 2000 wlis ianvari-marti cxrili A 4.1: saqarTvelos erovnuli bankis angariSebi cxrili A 4.2: komerciuli bankebis konsolidirebuli angariSebi cxrili A 4.3: monetaruli mimoxilva cxrili A 4.4. bankTaSorisi sakredito auqcionebi cxrili A 4.5: laris (GEL) nominaluri da realuri kursebis indeqsi cxrili A 4.6: saqalaqo samomxmareblo fasebis indeqsi da inflacia cxrili A 6.1: saaqcizo sazogadoebebis dafuZneba mxareebis mixedviT, 2000 w. 1 ianvris mdgomareobiT cxrili A 6.2: saaqcizo sazogadoebebis dafuZneba mxareebis mixedviT, 2000 w. 1 aprilis mdgomareobiT cxrili A 6.3: mcire privatizacia regionebis mixedviT, 2000 w. 1 ianvris mdgomareobiT cxrili A 6.4: mcire privatizacia regionebis mixedviT, 2000 w. 1 aprilis mdgomareobiT cxrili A 7.1: ekonomikuri statusi, 1998-1999 ww.

cxrili cxrili cxrili cxrili A 3.1 konsolidirebuli biujeti 2000 wlis ianvari-marti 3.1 konsolidirebuli biujeti 2000 wlis ianvari-marti 3.1 konsolidirebuli biujeti 2000 wlis ianvari-marti 3.1 konsolidirebuli biujeti 2000 wlis ianvari-marti

(milioni lari)centraluri

biujeti

specialuri

saxelmwifo

fondebi

adgilobrivi

biujeti

kosolidirebuli

biujeti

sul Semosavlebi da grantebi 91,2 36,6 69,1 184

sul Semosavlebi 91,2 31,4 61,4 184

sagadasaxado Semosavlebi 88,4 31,4 57,6 177,4

arasagadasaxado Semosavlebi 2,8 3,8 6,7

ucxoeTidan miRebuli grantebi

centraluri biujetidan miRebuli grantebi 5,1 7,7 2

xarjebi da wminda dakrediteba 124,7 37,8 71,3 221

deficiti -33,5 -1,3 -2,2 -37

deficitis dafinanseba 33,5 1,3 2,2

adgilobrivi wyaroebi 21,9 1,3 2,2

ucxouri wyaroebi 11,6

saxelmwifo vali periodis bolosaTvis 4035,5

adgilobrivi 1403,3

ucxouri 2632,2

wyaro: statistikis saxelmwifo departamenti

cxrili cxrili cxrili cxrili A4.1: saqarTvelos erovnuli bankis angariSebi4.1: saqarTvelos erovnuli bankis angariSebi4.1: saqarTvelos erovnuli bankis angariSebi4.1: saqarTvelos erovnuli bankis angariSebi

(aTasi lari)

1998 1999 2000200020002000

dekdekdekdek ianianianian TebTebTebTeb marmarmarmar aprapraprapr maimaimaimai ivnivnivnivn ivlivlivlivl agvagvagvagv seqseqseqseq oqtoqtoqtoqt noenoenoenoe dekdekdekdek ianianianian TebTebTebTeb marmarmarmar

wminda ucxouri aqtivebi (1)wminda ucxouri aqtivebi (1)wminda ucxouri aqtivebi (1)wminda ucxouri aqtivebi (1) -332 739-332 739-332 739-332 739 -384 345-384 345-384 345-384 345 -427 709-427 709-427 709-427 709 -416 685-416 685-416 685-416 685 -367 968-367 968-367 968-367 968 -368 044-368 044-368 044-368 044 -363 305-363 305-363 305-363 305 -341 964-341 964-341 964-341 964 -284 649-284 649-284 649-284 649 -348 110-348 110-348 110-348 110 -352 425-352 425-352 425-352 425 -375 123-375 123-375 123-375 123 -369 407-369 407-369 407-369 407 -375 362-375 362-375 362-375 362 -373 289-373 289-373 289-373 289 430 742430 742430 742430 742

ucxouri valuta 213 197 242 765 255 498 219 264 186 145 188 734 176 149 167 395 319 078 261 204 259 238 271 884 247 943 235 832 231 820 237 361

ssf-s resursebis gamoyeneba -546 335 -627 509 -683 470 -636 401 -554 565 -556 907 -539 376 -509 282 -603 650 -609 324 -611 673 -647 017 -617 372 -611 215 -605 131 -592 154

sxva wminda ucxouri aqtivebi (2)(2)(2)(2) 399 399 263 452 452 129 -77 -77 -77 10 10 10 22 22 22 76 937

wminda aqtivebi erovnul valutaSiwminda aqtivebi erovnul valutaSiwminda aqtivebi erovnul valutaSiwminda aqtivebi erovnul valutaSi 592 458592 458592 458592 458 657 682657 682657 682657 682 694 991694 991694 991694 991 679 390679 390679 390679 390 632 418632 418632 418632 418 640 889640 889640 889640 889 630 413630 413630 413630 413 620 345620 345620 345620 345 581 322581 322581 322581 322 647 229647 229647 229647 229 670 713670 713670 713670 713 673 251673 251673 251673 251 677 879677 879677 879677 879 672 878672 878672 878672 878 661 920661 920661 920661 920 731 914731 914731 914731 914

wminda moTxovnebi mTavrobisadmi 507 884 524 200 529 231 621 724 629 661 640 566 640 781 648 769 607 032 674 307 689 497 676 802 695 047 701 645 699 400 660 129

wminda moTxovnebi bankebisadmi 6 556 6 093 4 072 3 602 3 157 3 095 2 539 1 394 1 464 918 511 1 000 1 861 962 -618 -998

sxva wminda moTxovnebi 78 018 127 389 161 688 54 064 -400 -2 772 -12 907 -29 818 -27 173 -27 996 -19 295 -4 550 -19 029 -29 729 -36 862 -4 491

sarezervo fulisarezervo fulisarezervo fulisarezervo fuli 259 719259 719259 719259 719 273 338273 338273 338273 338 267 282267 282267 282267 282 262 705262 705262 705262 705 264 450264 450264 450264 450 272 845272 845272 845272 845 267 108267 108267 108267 108 278 381278 381278 381278 381 296 674296 674296 674296 674 299 116299 116299 116299 116 318 288318 288318 288318 288 298 128298 128298 128298 128 308 472308 472308 472308 472 297 516297 516297 516297 516 288 631288 631288 631288 631 301 172301 172301 172301 172

banknotebi da monetebi mimoqcevaSi 221 975 238 385 231 128 221 717 225 252 226 795 224 948 234 561 253 965 253 357 271 548 247 616 259 772 245 431 237 761 249 168

bankebis depozitebi 37 744 34 954 36 154 40 988 39 198 46 050 42 160 43 820 42 709 45 759 46 740 50 512 48 700 52 085 50 870 52 005

savaldebulo rezervebi 18 050 22 860 27 517 28 769 29 497 31 046 31 721 31 886 30 851 30 809 29 793 34 121 29 691 31 451 32 670 33 521

naSTi sakorespondento angariSebze 19 694 12 094 8 636 12 219 9 700 15 003 10 439 11 934 11 858 14 950 16 947 16 391 19 010 20 635 18 199 18 484

wyaro: saqarTvelos erovnuli banki.

SeniSvna: (1) cxrilebSi A 4.1-A 4.3 1999 wlis ianvridan: 1aSS dolari = 2 lari

(2) moicavs oqros da denominirebul rusul rublebs

cxrilicxrilicxrilicxrili A4.2: komerciuli bankebis konsolidirebuli angariSebi 4.2: komerciuli bankebis konsolidirebuli angariSebi 4.2: komerciuli bankebis konsolidirebuli angariSebi 4.2: komerciuli bankebis konsolidirebuli angariSebi

(aTasi lari)

1998199819981998 1999199919991999 2000200020002000


wminda ucxouri aqtivebiwminda ucxouri aqtivebiwminda ucxouri aqtivebiwminda ucxouri aqtivebi 13 74813 74813 74813 748 8 5148 5148 5148 514 8 4948 4948 4948 494 1 2571 2571 2571 257 9 3419 3419 3419 341 10 74310 74310 74310 743 3 4733 4733 4733 473 -7 670-7 670-7 670-7 670 -9 246-9 246-9 246-9 246 -92-92-92-92 -13 843-13 843-13 843-13 843 -14 648-14 648-14 648-14 648 -6 335-6 335-6 335-6 335 -25 192-25 192-25 192-25 192 -10 758-10 758-10 758-10 758 -15 368-15 368-15 368-15 368

ucxouri valuta 82 799 91 120 93 723 87 449 85 992 92 165 89 654 75 523 78 803 91 768 81 073 87 982 93 134 75 748 90 123 84 823

valdebulebebi ucxour valutaSi -69 669 -83 370 -85 544 -86 502 -76 918 -81 772 -87 025 -84 196 -89 014 -92 394 -95 455 -103 172 -100 049 -101 532 -101 477 -100 365

sxva wminda ucxouri aqtivebi (1)1)1)1) 618 764 315 311 268 349 845 1 004 965 534 540 542 580 593 595 174

wminda adgilobrivi aqtivebiwminda adgilobrivi aqtivebiwminda adgilobrivi aqtivebiwminda adgilobrivi aqtivebi 142 601142 601142 601142 601 172 294172 294172 294172 294 195 824195 824195 824195 824 195 338195 338195 338195 338 171 203171 203171 203171 203 181 218181 218181 218181 218 197 686197 686197 686197 686 198 460198 460198 460198 460 207 227207 227207 227207 227 201 920201 920201 920201 920 211 306211 306211 306211 306 222 996222 996222 996222 996 206 901206 901206 901206 901 232 883232 883232 883232 883 224 134224 134224 134224 134 230 316230 316230 316230 316

adgilobrivi krediti adgilobrivi krediti adgilobrivi krediti adgilobrivi krediti 224 209224 209224 209224 209 262 820262 820262 820262 820 289 960289 960289 960289 960 278 332278 332278 332278 332 254 240254 240254 240254 240 252 530252 530252 530252 530 278 574278 574278 574278 574 281 646281 646281 646281 646 285 927285 927285 927285 927 293 155293 155293 155293 155 295 706295 706295 706295 706 323 049323 049323 049323 049 312 587312 587312 587312 587 320 420320 420320 420320 420 318 794318 794318 794318 794 311 670311 670311 670311 670

moTxovnebi centraluri da adgilobrivi mTavrobisadmi -13 950 -10 416 -10 625 -13 563 -17 855 -19 827 -14 273 -15 124 -16 294 -12 953 -15 096 -12 441 -14 594 -16 515 -15 404 -20 148

moTxovnebi ekonomikis danarCeni seqtorebisadmi 238 159 273 236 300 585 291 894 272 095 272 357 292 848 296 770 302 220 306 108 310 802 335 490 327 181 336 935 334 198 331 818

moTxovnebi sawarmoebisadmi (erovnul valutaSi) 57 652 60 038 60 068 59 520 59 344 61 138 61 059 62 047 60 514 63 508 61 559 61 811 62 480 61 238 58 334 55 632

moTxovnebi fizikuri pirebisadmi (erovnul valutaSi) 26 066 23 584 25 232 28 196 27 644 25 642 25 478 26 788 25 250 24 581 24 684 26 035 -105 686 24 987 25 525 27 259

sxva moTxovnebi 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

sesxebi ucxour valutaSi 154 441 189 613 215 284 204 178 185 107 185 577 206 310 207 935 216 457 218 019 224 559 247 644 234 861 250 710 250 339 248 927

sxva wminda aqtivebi sxva wminda aqtivebi sxva wminda aqtivebi sxva wminda aqtivebi -81 608-81 608-81 608-81 608 -90 526-90 526-90 526-90 526 -94 136-94 136-94 136-94 136 -82 994-82 994-82 994-82 994 -83 036-83 036-83 036-83 036 -71 313-71 313-71 313-71 313 -80 888-80 888-80 888-80 888 -83 186-83 186-83 186-83 186 -78 699-78 699-78 699-78 699 -91 235-91 235-91 235-91 235 -84 401-84 401-84 401-84 401 -100 054-100 054-100 054-100 054 -105 686-105 686-105 686-105 686 -87 537-87 537-87 537-87 537 -94 660-94 660-94 660-94 660 -81 354-81 354-81 354-81 354

sadepozito valdebulebebisadepozito valdebulebebisadepozito valdebulebebisadepozito valdebulebebi 156 350156 350156 350156 350 180 808180 808180 808180 808 204 319204 319204 319204 319 196 595196 595196 595196 595 180 545180 545180 545180 545 191 961191 961191 961191 961 201 160201 160201 160201 160 190 790190 790190 790190 790 197 982197 982197 982197 982 201 828201 828201 828201 828 197 463197 463197 463197 463 208 348208 348208 348208 348 200 566200 566200 566200 566 207 691207 691207 691207 691 213 376213 376213 376213 376 214 948214 948214 948214 948

depozitebi erovnul valutaSi 48 943 48 444 47 534 47 184 44 280 48 593 46 328 46 598 44 701 47 082 47 101 45 304 42 139 44 503 49 769 50 418

maT Soris: sawarmoebis mimdinare angariSebi 36 517 36 342 34 164 34 296 33 484 36 073 34 845 35 086 33 387 35 192 36 613 34 705 30 355 33 119 38 522 39 155

depozitebi ucxour valutaSi 107 407 132 364 156 785 149 411 136 265 143 368 154 832 144 192 153 281 154 746 150 362 163 045 158 427 163 188 163 607 164 530


SeniSvna: (1) moicavs oqros da wua-s rusul rublebSi

cxrili cxrili cxrili cxrili A4.3: monetaruli mimoxilva 4.3: monetaruli mimoxilva 4.3: monetaruli mimoxilva 4.3: monetaruli mimoxilva (aTasi lari)

1998199819981998 1999199919991999 2000200020002000


wminda ucxouri aqtivebiwminda ucxouri aqtivebiwminda ucxouri aqtivebiwminda ucxouri aqtivebi -318 991-318 991-318 991-318 991 -375 830-375 830-375 830-375 830 -419 215-419 215-419 215-419 215 -415 428-415 428-415 428-415 428 -358 627-358 627-358 627-358 627 -357 301-357 301-357 301-357 301 -359 831-359 831-359 831-359 831 -349 634-349 634-349 634-349 634 -293 894-293 894-293 894-293 894 -348 202-348 202-348 202-348 202 -366 268-366 268-366 268-366 268 -389 771-389 771-389 771-389 771 -375 742-375 742-375 742-375 742 -400 554-400 554-400 554-400 554 -384 048-384 048-384 048-384 048 -446 110-446 110-446 110-446 110

ucxouri valuta 295 995 333 886 349 221 306 712 272 137 280 900 265 802 242 918 397 881 352 972 340 311 359 866 341 077 311 579 321 943 322 183

valdebulebebi ucxour valutaSi -616 004 -711 436 -769 708 -723 596 -632 177 -639 695 -627 417 -594 494 -693 680 -702 734 -708 145 -751 206 -718 437 -713 765 -707 624 -769 455

sxva wminda ucxouri aqtivebi (1 )(1 )(1 )(1 ) 1 017 1 721 1 272 1 456 1 413 1 495 1 784 1 943 1 904 1 560 1 567 1 569 1 618 1 632 1 634 1 162

wminda Sida aqtivebiwminda Sida aqtivebiwminda Sida aqtivebiwminda Sida aqtivebi 687 534687 534687 534687 534 783 521783 521783 521783 521 844 187844 187844 187844 187 818 927818 927818 927818 927 752 086752 086752 086752 086 763 920763 920763 920763 920 772 618772 618772 618772 618 766 720766 720766 720766 720 731 978731 978731 978731 978 790 943790 943790 943790 943 822 845822 845822 845822 845 832 467832 467832 467832 467 820 306820 306820 306820 306 835 777835 777835 777835 777 822 535822 535822 535822 535 894 703894 703894 703894 703

Sida krediti Sida krediti Sida krediti Sida krediti 732 093732 093732 093732 093 787 019787 019787 019787 019 819 190819 190819 190819 190 900 055900 055900 055900 055 883 901883 901883 901883 901 893 096893 096893 096893 096 919 355919 355919 355919 355 930 414930 414930 414930 414 892 959892 959892 959892 959 967 462967 462967 462967 462 985 203985 203985 203985 203 999 851999 851999 851999 851 1 007 6341 007 6341 007 6341 007 634 1 022 0651 022 0651 022 0651 022 065 1 018 1941 018 1941 018 1941 018 194 1 049 0731 049 0731 049 0731 049 073

wminda moTxovnebi saxelmwifo seqtorisadmi 493 934 513 784 518 605 608 161 611 807 620 739 626 508 633 645 590 738 661 354 674 401 664 361 680 453 685 130 683 997 639 981

wminda moTxovnebi centraluri mTavrobisadmi 518 122 523 028 527 427 615 824 624 806 631 019 634 360 641 498 600 559 669 792 683 085 672 252 688 709 692 944 693 263 650 117

wminda moTxovnebi adgilobrivi mTavrobisadmi -3 569 -5 320 -5 145 -4 466 -5 080 -6 886 -4 741 -4 516 -5 245 -5 300 -4 732 -4 209 -3 876 -4 537 -4 885 -5 916

wminda moTxovnebi sapensio fondisadmi -5 154 -863 -1 098 -743 -1 100 -1 235 -941 -571 -1 209 -1 258 -969 -1 334 -1 907 -1 616 -970 -1 608

wminda moTxovnebi sxva arasabiujeto fondebisadmi -15 466 -3 062 -2 578 -2 462 -6 820 -2 159 -2 170 -2 766 -3 366 -1 880 -2 983 -2 349 -2 473 -1 660 -3 411 -2 612

wminda moTxovnebi ekonomikis danarCeni seqtorebisadmi 238 159 273 236 300 585 291 894 272 095 272 357 292 848 296 770 302 220 306 108 310 802 335 490 327 181 336 935 334 198 409 092

sxva wminda aqtivebi sxva wminda aqtivebi sxva wminda aqtivebi sxva wminda aqtivebi -44 558-44 558-44 558-44 558 -3 498-3 498-3 498-3 498 24 99724 99724 99724 997 -81 128-81 128-81 128-81 128 -131 815-131 815-131 815-131 815 -129 175-129 175-129 175-129 175 -146 737-146 737-146 737-146 737 -163 695-163 695-163 695-163 695 -160 980-160 980-160 980-160 980 -176 519-176 519-176 519-176 519 -162 359-162 359-162 359-162 359 -167 384-167 384-167 384-167 384 -187 328-187 328-187 328-187 328 -186 288-186 288-186 288-186 288 -195 660-195 660-195 660-195 660 -154 370-154 370-154 370-154 370

farTo fuli (farTo fuli (farTo fuli (farTo fuli ( M3)))) 368 544368 544368 544368 544 407 691407 691407 691407 691 424 972424 972424 972424 972 403 500403 500403 500403 500 393 459393 459393 459393 459 406 620406 620406 620406 620 412 787412 787412 787412 787 417 086417 086417 086417 086 438 084438 084438 084438 084 442 741442 741442 741442 741 456 577456 577456 577456 577 442 696442 696442 696442 696 444 562444 562444 562444 562 435 223435 223435 223435 223 438 487438 487438 487438 487 448 593448 593448 593448 593

farTo fuli ucx. valutaSi depozitebis gamoklebiT (M2) 261 137 275 327 268 188 254 089 257 195 263 252 257 956 272 894 284 803 287 994 306 215 279 651 286 135 272 035 274 880 284 063

banknotebi da monetebi mimoqcevaSi 221 975 238 385 231 128 221 717 225 252 226 795 224 948 234 561 253 965 253 357 271 548 247 616 259 772 245 431 237 761 249 168

banknotebi da monetebi bankebis gareT (M0 ) 212 194 226 883 220 654 206 905 212 914 214 659 211 627 226 296 240 103 240 913 259 114 234 348 243 997 227 532 225 112 233 645

komerciul bankebSi arsebuli naRdi fuli 9 781 11 501 10 474 14 813 12 338 12 137 13 321 8 265 13 862 12 444 12 434 13 268 15 774 17 898 12 650 15 523

sadepozito valdebulebebi (erovnul valutaSi) 48 943 48 444 47 534 47 184 44 280 48 593 46 328 46 598 44 701 47 082 47 101 45 304 42 139 44 503 49 769 50 418

depozitebi ucxour valutaSi 107 407 132 364 156 785 149 411 136 265 143 368 154 832 144 192 153 281 154 746 150 362 163 045 158 427 163 188 163 607 164 530


SeniSvna: (1) moicavs oqros da wua-s rusul rublebSi

cxrili cxrili cxrili cxrili A4.4: bankTaSorisi sakredito auqcionebi4.4: bankTaSorisi sakredito auqcionebi4.4: bankTaSorisi sakredito auqcionebi4.4: bankTaSorisi sakredito auqcionebi

sakredito auqcionebi, vaWrobis moculoba, larisakredito auqcionebi, vaWrobis moculoba, larisakredito auqcionebi, vaWrobis moculoba, larisakredito auqcionebi, vaWrobis moculoba, lari wliuri saSualoSewonili saprocento ganakveTiwliuri saSualoSewonili saprocento ganakveTiwliuri saSualoSewonili saprocento ganakveTiwliuri saSualoSewonili saprocento ganakveTi sakredito auqcionebi,bankTaSorisi vaWroba, larisakredito auqcionebi,bankTaSorisi vaWroba, larisakredito auqcionebi,bankTaSorisi vaWroba, larisakredito auqcionebi,bankTaSorisi vaWroba, lari sakredito auqcionebi, seb-is Sesyidvebi, larisakredito auqcionebi, seb-is Sesyidvebi, larisakredito auqcionebi, seb-is Sesyidvebi, larisakredito auqcionebi, seb-is Sesyidvebi, lari

7-day7-day7-day7-day 30-day30-day30-day30-day 60-day60-day60-day60-day 90-day90-day90-day90-day sulsulsulsul 7-day7-day7-day7-day 30-day30-day30-day30-day 60-day60-day60-day60-day 90-day90-day90-day90-day sulsulsulsul 7-day7-day7-day7-day 30-day30-day30-day30-day 60-day60-day60-day60-day 90-day90-day90-day90-day sulsulsulsul 7-day7-day7-day7-day 30-day30-day30-day30-day 60-day60-day60-day60-day 90-day90-day90-day90-day sulsulsulsul

1998199819981998 ianianianian 910 000 3 890 000 0 679 400 5 479 400 35,9% 35,6% 34,7% 35,5% 610 000 3 890 000 679 400 5 179 400 300 000 0 0 0 300 000

TebTebTebTeb 1 468 500 2 359 800 0 462 500 4 290 800 24,1% 37,3% 46,8% 33,8% 1 468 500 2 359 800 462 500 4 290 800 0 0 0 0 0

marmarmarmar 1 447 000 2 025 000 0 70 000 3 542 000 36,9% 42,7% 48,0% 40,4% 1 447 000 2 025 000 70 000 3 542 000 0 0 0 0 0

aprapraprapr 1 759 500 2 656 400 1 170 000 465 850 6 051 750 32,5% 37,1% 30,7% 29,1% 33,9% 1 759 500 2 656 400 1 170 000 465 850 6 051 750 0 0 0 0 0

maimaimaimai 210 000 2 220 100 0 392 000 2 822 100 27,0% 25,5% 24,6% 25,5% 210 000 2 220 100 0 392 000 2 822 100 0 0 0 0 0

ivnivnivnivn 558 500 1 839 600 1 700 000 139 800 4 237 900 18,3% 26,2% 28,3% 36,9% 26,3% 408 500 1 319 600 1 700 000 139 800 3 567 900 150 000 520 000 0 0 670 000

ivlivlivlivl 1 668 000 3 350 000 375 000 110 500 5 503 500 15,9% 27,7% 25,5% 29,5% 24,0% 1 668 000 1 740 000 375 000 110 500 3 893 500 0 1 610 000 0 0 1 610 000

agvagvagvagv 435 800 2 608 800 910 000 185 000 4 139 600 22,3% 33,6% 37,0% 39,7% 33,4% 390 800 2 608 800 10 000 185 000 3 194 600 45 000 0 900 000 0 945 000

seqseqseqseq 1 390 000 3 810 000 295 000 0 5 495 000 18,9% 41,6% 35,5% 35,6% 620 000 560 000 0 0 1 180 000 770 000 3 250 000 0 0 4 020 000

oqtoqtoqtoqt 500 000 572 000 0 0 1 072 000 35,3% 60,2% 48,6% 0 97 000 0 0 97 000 500 000 475 000 0 0 975 000

noenoenoenoe 3 110 000 3 000 000 0 0 6 110 000 52,0% 85,0% 68,2% 300 000 0 0 0 300 000 2 810 000 3 000 000 0 0 5 810 000

dekdekdekdek 0 0 0 0 0 68,5% 40,0% 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

1999199919991999 ianianianian 960 000 0 0 0 960 000 40,0% 40,0% 93 000 0 0 0 93 000 867 000 0 0 0 867 000

TebTebTebTeb 2 470 000 300 000 0 0 2 770 000 32,5% 40,0% 33,3% 104 000 0 0 0 104 000 2 366 000 300 000 0 0 2 666 000

marmarmarmar 810 000 0 0 0 810 000 32,4% 32,4% 150 000 0 0 0 150 000 660 000 0 0 0 660 000

aprapraprapr 330 000 300 000 0 0 630 000 32,0% 40,0% 35,8% 0 0 0 0 0 330 000 300 000 0 0 630 000

maimaimaimai 1 400 000 0 0 0 1 400 000 32,9% 32,9% 150 000 0 0 0 150 000 1 250 000 0 0 0 1 250 000

ivnivnivnivn 2 900 000 0 0 0 2 900 000 31,5% 34,0% 31,5% 163 000 0 0 0 163 000 2 737 000 0 0 0 2 737 000

ivlivlivlivl 1 420 000 185 000 250 000 0 1 855 000 30,6% 34,0% 26,8% 600 000 0 250 000 0 850 000 820 000 185 000 0 0 1 005 000

agvagvagvagv 410 000 30 000 0 0 440 000 29,0% 31,0% 29,1% 0 30 000 0 0 30 000 410 000 30 000 0 0 440 000

seqseqseqseq 2 900 000 50 000 190 000 0 3 140 000 28,3% 29,0% 30,0% 28,4% 1 100 000 50 000 190 000 0 1 340 000 1 800 000 0 0 0 1 800 000

oqtoqtoqtoqt 4 450 000 0 372 000 0 4 822 000 27,0% 28,2% 27,1% 200 000 0 372 000 0 572 000 4 250 000 0 0 0 4 250 000

noenoenoenoe 5 400 000 480 000 0 0 5 880 000 27,3% 31,3% 27,6% 1 500 000 380 000 0 0 1 880 000 3 900 000 100 000 0 0 4 000 000

dekdekdekdek 5 900 000 250 000 0 0 6 150 000 27,0% 29,0% 27,1% 1 510 000 250 000 0 0 1 760 000 4 390 000 0 0 0 4 390 000

2000200020002000 ianianianian 7 370 000 50 000 0 0 7 420 000 26,9% 29,0% 26,9% 900 000 0 0 0 900 000 6 470 000 50 000 0 0 6 520 000

TebTebTebTeb 9 400 000 900 000 100 000 0 10 400 000 22,9% 26,0% 26,0% 23,2% 1 950 000 100 000 100 000 0 2 150 000 7 450 000 800 000 0 0 8 250 000

marmarmarmar 7 090 000 4 500 000 0 0 11 590 000 18,2% 22,7% 19,9% 2 000 000 1 360 000 0 0 3 360 000 5 090 000 3 140 000 0 0 8 230 000

wyaro : sem -is gamoTvlebi saqarTvelos erovnuli bankis monacemebze dayrdnobiT

cxrili cxrili cxrili cxrili A4.5: laris nominaluri da realuri kursebis indeqsi4.5: laris nominaluri da realuri kursebis indeqsi4.5: laris nominaluri da realuri kursebis indeqsi4.5: laris nominaluri da realuri kursebis indeqsi

nominaluri kursi (1)nominaluri kursi (1)nominaluri kursi (1)nominaluri kursi (1) gacvliTi kursebis indeqsi gacvliTi kursebis indeqsi gacvliTi kursebis indeqsi gacvliTi kursebis indeqsi

lari/aSS dolarilari/aSS dolarilari/aSS dolarilari/aSS dolari rubli/larirubli/larirubli/larirubli/lari lari/aSS dolarilari/aSS dolarilari/aSS dolarilari/aSS dolari rubli/larirubli/larirubli/larirubli/lari

TbsbTbsbTbsbTbsb sabazrosabazrosabazrosabazro TbsbTbsbTbsbTbsb sabazrosabazrosabazrosabazro nominalurinominalurinominalurinominaluri realurirealurirealurirealuri nominalurinominalurinominalurinominaluri realurirealurirealurirealuri

1998199819981998 ianianianian 1,3150 1,3265 4 568 4 775 84,94 46,95 45,05 75,04TebTebTebTeb 1,3325 1,3330 4 539 4 655 85,36 47,04 46,21 78,67marmarmarmar 1,3350 1,3355 4 564 4 625 85,52 47,21 46,51 76,44aprapraprapr 1,3350 1,3350 4 593 4 615 85,49 47,05 46,61 76,35maimaimaimai 1,3470 1,3515 4 585 4 613 86,54 48,11 46,63 77,17ivnivnivnivn 1,3478 1,3465 4 621 4 715 86,22 48,47 45,62 76,26ivlivlivlivl 1,3485 1,3445 4 655 4 745 86,10 49,08 45,33 76,78agvagvagvagv 1,3510 1,3555 6 293 6 557 86,80 49,47 32,80 56,11seqseqseqseq 1,3670 1,3645 11 765 11 111 87,38 49,85 32,80 62,65oqtoqtoqtoqt 1,4080 1,4230 11 737 12 270 91,12 51,84 17,53 33,72noenoenoenoe 1,5350 1,5900 11 507 12 739 101,82 57,59 16,89 33,30dekdekdekdek 1,6000 1,7450 11 614 13 387 111,74 59,46 16,07 30,49

1999199919991999 ianianianian 2,1200 2,1400 10 764 10 989 137,04 72,18 19,57 37,48TebTebTebTeb 2,3500 2,3900 9 747 8 000 153,05 78,80 26,89 50,79marmarmarmar 2,2150 2,2250 11 161 10 929 142,48 72,94 19,68 37,11aprapraprapr 1,9400 1,9800 12 500 11 696 126,79 64,99 18,39 34,58maimaimaimai 1,9900 1,9855 12 422 12 121 127,14 65,67 17,75 33,48ivnivnivnivn 1,9400 1,9475 12 484 12 571 124,71 64,84 17,11 32,37ivlivlivlivl 1,8200 1,7850 13 316 13 605 114,30 60,21 15,81 37,38agvagvagvagv 1,8500 1,8600 13 928 13 559 119,11 62,90 15,86 37,95seqseqseqseq 1,8500 1,8550 13 624 13 559 118,79 62,74 15,86 38,33oqtoqtoqtoqt 1,8800 1,9650 13 928 13 423 125,83 66,43 16,02 39,16noenoenoenoe 2,0000 2,0225 13 477 13 245 129,51 67,65 16,24 39,72dekdekdekdek 1,9600 2,0000 14 245 13 889 128,07 66,51 15,49 38,13

2000200020002000 ianianianian 2,0500 2,0300 13 947 14 184 129,99 67,51 15,16 38,73

TebTebTebTeb 1,9500 1,9650 14 706 14 388 125,83 65,38 14,95 38,19

marmarmarmar 1,9300 1,9425 14 881 14 430 124,39 64,67 14,91 38,17

wyaroebi: nominaluri kursebi: saqarTvelos erovnuli banki

sfi: saqarTvelo - statistikis saxelmwifo departamenti; aSS - aSS-s mTavroba, Sromis departamenti, Sromis statistikis biuro;

ruseTi: "ruseTis ekonomikis mimarTulebebi"

cxrili cxrili cxrili cxrili A4.6:saqalaqo samomxmareblo fasebis indeqsi da inflacia.6:saqalaqo samomxmareblo fasebis indeqsi da inflacia.6:saqalaqo samomxmareblo fasebis indeqsi da inflacia.6:saqalaqo samomxmareblo fasebis indeqsi da inflacia

(1998 wlis dekemberi = 100)periodiperiodiperiodiperiodi fasebis fasebis fasebis fasebis

indeqsiindeqsiindeqsiindeqsi

inflacia inflacia inflacia inflacia

(%)(%)(%)(%)

wina wina wina wina

periodTan periodTan periodTan periodTan

SedarebiT SedarebiT SedarebiT SedarebiT

wina wlis wina wlis wina wlis wina wlis

igive igive igive igive

periodTan periodTan periodTan periodTan

SedarebiTSedarebiTSedarebiTSedarebiT

wliuriwliuriwliuriwliuri

1998 10,7

1999 10,9

TviuriTviuriTviuriTviuri

1999 ianianianian 102,60 2,60 13,24

TebTebTebTeb 107,77 5,04 17,18

marmarmarmar 109,80 1,88 19,02

aprapraprapr 111,23 1,30 19,42

maimaimaimai 109,42 -1,63 19,49

ivnivnivnivn 107,84 -1,44 19,95

ivlivlivlivl 105,54 -2,13 20,22

agvagvagvagv 105,53 -0,01 19,91

seqseqseqseq 106,54 0,96 20,77

oqtoqtoqtoqt 107,07 0,50 20,27

noenoenoenoe 109,64 2,40 21,57

dekdekdekdek 110,90 1,26 10,73

2000200020002000 ianianianian 111,30 0,40 0,40

TebTebTebTeb 109,30 -2,00 0,20

marmarmarmar 109,20 -0,10 0,10

wyaro : sem -is gamoTvlebi saselmwifo statistikisdepartamentis monacemebze dayrdnobiT

cxrili cxrili cxrili cxrili A7.1: ekonomikuri statusi, 1998 - 1999 ww.7.1: ekonomikuri statusi, 1998 - 1999 ww.7.1: ekonomikuri statusi, 1998 - 1999 ww.7.1: ekonomikuri statusi, 1998 - 1999 ww.

(aTasi kaci)

1998 w. 1998 w. 1998 w. 1998 w. I kv.I kv.I kv.I kv.

1998 w. 1998 w. 1998 w. 1998 w. II kv.II kv.II kv.II kv.

1998 w. 1998 w. 1998 w. 1998 w. III kv.III kv.III kv.III kv.

1998 w. 1998 w. 1998 w. 1998 w. IV kv.IV kv.IV kv.IV kv.

1999 w. 1999 w. 1999 w. 1999 w. I kv.I kv.I kv.I kv.

1999 w. 1999 w. 1999 w. 1999 w. II kv.II kv.II kv.II kv.

1999 w. 1999 w. 1999 w. 1999 w. III kv.III kv.III kv.III kv.

1999 w. 1999 w. 1999 w. 1999 w. IV kv.IV kv.IV kv.IV kv.

sul, 15 welze ufrosi asakis mosaxleobasul, 15 welze ufrosi asakis mosaxleobasul, 15 welze ufrosi asakis mosaxleobasul, 15 welze ufrosi asakis mosaxleoba 3, 0993, 0993, 0993, 099 3, 1363, 1363, 1363, 136 3, 1943, 1943, 1943, 194 3, 0083, 0083, 0083, 008 3, 0323, 0323, 0323, 032 3, 0493, 0493, 0493, 049 3, 0923, 0923, 0923, 092 3, 0183, 0183, 0183, 018

ekonomikurad aqtiuri mosaxleoba, sul (samuSao Zala ) (1 )ekonomikurad aqtiuri mosaxleoba, sul (samuSao Zala ) (1 )ekonomikurad aqtiuri mosaxleoba, sul (samuSao Zala ) (1 )ekonomikurad aqtiuri mosaxleoba, sul (samuSao Zala ) (1 ) 2 ,3322 ,3322 ,3322 ,332 2, 4622, 4622, 4622, 462 2,1462,1462,1462,146 1,9901,9901,9901,990 2, 0182, 0182, 0182, 018 2, 0522, 0522, 0522, 052 2, 0582, 0582, 0582, 058 1, 9171, 9171, 9171, 917

ekonomikurad aqtiuri mosaxleoba, sul (samuSao Zala ) (2 )ekonomikurad aqtiuri mosaxleoba, sul (samuSao Zala ) (2 )ekonomikurad aqtiuri mosaxleoba, sul (samuSao Zala ) (2 )ekonomikurad aqtiuri mosaxleoba, sul (samuSao Zala ) (2 ) 2 ,4572 ,4572 ,4572 ,457 2 ,5552 ,5552 ,5552 ,555 2,1952,1952,1952,195 2,0422,0422,0422,042 2, 0582, 0582, 0582, 058 2, 0932, 0932, 0932, 093 2, 1062, 1062, 1062, 106 1, 9751, 9751, 9751, 975

dasaqmebuli dasaqmebuli dasaqmebuli dasaqmebuli 2, 1012, 1012, 1012, 101 2 ,2832 ,2832 ,2832 ,283 1,8871,8871,8871,887 1,7411,7411,7411,741 1, 7251, 7251, 7251, 725 1, 7841, 7841, 7841, 784 1, 7921, 7921, 7921, 792 1, 6331, 6331, 6331, 633 daqiravebuli 714 737 786 741 737 743 741 710

TviT-dasaqmebuli 1, 387 1 ,546 1,092 990 973 1, 023 1, 030 905

umuSevari (1 ) umuSevari (1 ) umuSevari (1 ) umuSevari (1 ) 231231231231 179179179179 260260260260 249249249249 292292292292 268268268268 266266266266 284284284284

umuSevari (2 ) umuSevari (2 ) umuSevari (2 ) umuSevari (2 ) 356356356356 272272272272 309309309309 301301301301 333333333333 308308308308 314314314314 342342342342

umuSevrobis done (procenti ) (1 )umuSevrobis done (procenti ) (1 )umuSevrobis done (procenti ) (1 )umuSevrobis done (procenti ) (1 ) 9,99,99,99,9 7,37,37,37,3 12,112,112,112,1 12,512,512,512,5 14.514.514.514.5 13,013,013,013,0 12,912,912,912,9 14,814,814,814,8

umuSevrobis done (procenti ) (2 )umuSevrobis done (procenti ) (2 )umuSevrobis done (procenti ) (2 )umuSevrobis done (procenti ) (2 ) 14,514,514,514,5 10,610,610,610,6 14,114,114,114,1 14,714,714,714,7 16.216.216.216.2 14,714,714,714,7 14,914,914,914,9 17,317,317,317,3

samuSao Zalis monawileobis xarisxisamuSao Zalis monawileobis xarisxisamuSao Zalis monawileobis xarisxisamuSao Zalis monawileobis xarisxi 75,375,375,375,3 78,578,578,578,5 67,267,267,267,2 66,266,266,266,2 66,666,666,666,6 67,367,367,367,3 66,666,666,666,6 63,563,563,563,5

TviTdasaqmebulTa xvedriTi wili mTlian samuSao ZalaSi 59.5 62.8 50.9 49,7 48,2 49,8 50,1 47,2

TviTdasaqmebulTa xvedriTi wili mTlian dasaqmebaSi 66.0 67.7 57.8 56,9 56,4 57,3 57,5 55,4

wyaro: statistikis saxelmwifo departamenti, samuSao Zalis gamokvleva

ekonomikuri glosariumiekonomikuri glosariumiekonomikuri glosariumiekonomikuri glosariumi

saqarTvelo ekonomiis mimarTulebebi _ 2000saqarTvelo ekonomiis mimarTulebebi _ 2000saqarTvelo ekonomiis mimarTulebebi _ 2000saqarTvelo ekonomiis mimarTulebebi _ 2000weli,1weli,1weli,1weli,1 115

absoluturi upiratesobaabsoluturi upiratesobaabsoluturi upiratesobaabsoluturi upiratesoba

(Absolute advantage) qveynis unari awarmoos ufro meti saqoneli vidre

sxva qveyana awarmoebs resursebis igive

moculobisas (ix. fardobiTi upiratesoba)

arasruli dasaqmebaarasruli dasaqmebaarasruli dasaqmebaarasruli dasaqmeba

(Under-employment) ekonomikuri situacia, rodesac muSaxelis

miwodeba aWarbebs masze moTxovnas

auTsaideri (bankis)auTsaideri (bankis)auTsaideri (bankis)auTsaideri (bankis)

(Outsider)

ara-insaideri

aqciaaqciaaqciaaqcia

(Share, Stock ) saxsrebis mopovebis mizniT saaqcio sazogadoebis

mier gamoSvebuli grZelvadiani fasiani qaRaldi.

aqciis myidveli gadaxdili fulis sanacvlod

xdeba kompaniis sruluflebiani TanamesakuTre,

anu monawileobs mis marTvasa da mogebaSi. (ix.

fasiani qaRaldebi, obligacia, saxazino

valdebuleba)

SeniSvna: zogierT qveyanaSi, magaliTad did britaneTSi,

sityva stock gansxvavdeba mniSvnelobiT sityva share-sagan, da aRniSnavs kompaniis an saxelmwifos mier gamoSvebul

grZelvadian sasesxo valdebulebas.

balansis aRricxvis furceli balansis aRricxvis furceli balansis aRricxvis furceli balansis aRricxvis furceli ----

balansibalansibalansibalansi

(Balance sheet)

dokumenti, romelic asaxavs firmis aqtivebisa da

valdebulebebis moculobas da struqturas.

biujeturi SezRudvabiujeturi SezRudvabiujeturi SezRudvabiujeturi SezRudva

(Budget constraint)

xarjebis SezRudva gamowveuli sxvadasxva

mizeziT, magaliTad, Semosavlebis simciriT.

gadasaxadebi gadasaxadebi gadasaxadebi gadasaxadebi

(Taxes) begara dawesebuli saxelmwifos mier kerZo

pirebis an sawarmoebis Semosavalze an mogebaze

(pirdapiri gadasaxadi), saqonlis gamoyenebze an

momsaxurebiT sargeblobaze (iribi gadasaxadi) da

qonebaze. saqarTveloSi arsebuli ZiriTadi

gadasaxadebia:

1. sawarmos mogebaze gadasaxadisawarmos mogebaze gadasaxadisawarmos mogebaze gadasaxadisawarmos mogebaze gadasaxadi (Profit tax); 2. kerZo pirebis Semosavalze gadasaxadikerZo pirebis Semosavalze gadasaxadikerZo pirebis Semosavalze gadasaxadikerZo pirebis Semosavalze gadasaxadi

(Personal income tax); 3. damatebul Rirebulebaze gadasaxadidamatebul Rirebulebaze gadasaxadidamatebul Rirebulebaze gadasaxadidamatebul Rirebulebaze gadasaxadi _ dRg

(Value Added Tax). misi bazaa iuridiuli Tu

fizikuri pirebis mier Seqmnili damatebuli

Rirebuleba _ sxvaoba saqonlis an

momsaxurebis sarealizacio fassa da mis

warmoebasa da mowodebasTan dakavSirebuli



materialur xarjebisa;

4. sabaJo gadasaxadisabaJo gadasaxadisabaJo gadasaxadisabaJo gadasaxadi (Customs duties) _ saxelmwifo

biujetSi savaldebulo Senatani saqarTvelos

sabaJo sazRvarze saqonlis

gadaadgilebisaTvis;

5. aqciziaqciziaqciziaqcizi (Excise) _ garkveuli saxis saqonlis

moxmarebaze iribi gadasaxadi, romelic

CarTulia am saqonlis fasSi;

6. gadasaxadebi xelfasebis fondidangadasaxadebi xelfasebis fondidangadasaxadebi xelfasebis fondidangadasaxadebi xelfasebis fondidan (Payroll taxes) _ specialuri saxelmwifo fondebis

(jandacvis, socuzrunvelyofis da a.S.)

mosakrebeli, romlis gadaxda damqiraveblisa

da muSakis mier xdeba sawarmos xelfasebis

fondidan, fiqsirebuli ganakveTiT.

(ix. sagadasaxado baza)

gamoSveba, warmoebis moculogamoSveba, warmoebis moculogamoSveba, warmoebis moculogamoSveba, warmoebis moculobabababa (Output)

saqoneli da momsaxureba warmoebuli garkveuli

periodis ganmavlobaSi.

depozitidepozitidepozitidepoziti

(Deposit)

kerZo piris an sawarmos angariSi komerciul

bankSi, romelzedac momxmarebels SeuZlia fulis

an Cekebis ganTavseba da maTi gamotana bankis

winaswar gafrTxilebis pirobiT.

deflatori (deflatori (deflatori (deflatori (mSpmSpmSpmSp----isisisis deflatorideflatorideflatorideflatori))))

(Deflator - GDP deflator)

fasebis indeqsi, romelic warmoadgens garkveul

wels gamoSvebuli saqonlis Rirebulebis

fardobas sabaziso wlis fasebSi gamosaxul

RirebulebasTan. mSp-is deflatori gansazRvravs

damokidebulebas nominalur da realur

(sabaziso wlis) mSp-s Soris.

deflaciadeflaciadeflaciadeflacia

(Deflation) fasebis saerTo donis daweva. (ix. inflacia)

ekonomikuri zrdaekonomikuri zrdaekonomikuri zrdaekonomikuri zrda

(Economic growth) realuri gamoSvebis zrda.

erovnuli angariSebierovnuli angariSebierovnuli angariSebierovnuli angariSebi

(National accounts) drois garkveul periodSi (rogorc wesi, erTi

wlis ganmavlobaSi), erovnuli ekonomikis

amsaxveli statistikuri monacemebis erToblioba.

kerZod, erovnuli angariSebi asaxaven qveyanaSi

warmoebuli saqonlisa da momsaxurebis mTlian

moculobas da qveynis ekonomikuri aqtiurobis

indikators warmoadgenen.

valdebuleba (pasivi )valdebuleba (pasivi )valdebuleba (pasivi )valdebuleba (pasivi ) vali; pirovnebis an sawarmos gankargvaSi



(Liability)

arsebuli saxsrebi da qoneba, romelzedac sxva

mxares garkveuli pretenzia SeiZleba gaaCndes.

qveynis valutis sxva qveynis valutaSi gamosaxuli

fasi, romelic dadgenilia am valutebis realuri

msyidvelobiTi unaris gaTvaliswinebiT.

valutis gamyareba (kursis zrda )valutis gamyareba (kursis zrda )valutis gamyareba (kursis zrda )valutis gamyareba (kursis zrda )

(Appreciation)

savaluto bazarze valutis fasis zrda. (ix.

valutis dacema)

valutis dacema (kursis dacema ) valutis dacema (kursis dacema ) valutis dacema (kursis dacema ) valutis dacema (kursis dacema )

(Depreciation) savaluto bazarze valutis gaiafeba sxva

valutebTan SedarebiT.

SeniSvna: ekonomikur literaturaSi sityvas “Depreciation’ SeiZleba hqondes sxva mniSvnelobac _ cveTa, cveTis

sabuRaltro asaxva, amortizacia.

investicia (kapitaldabandeba )investicia (kapitaldabandeba )investicia (kapitaldabandeba )investicia (kapitaldabandeba )

(Investment)

1. fizikuri qonebis, magaliTad qarxnis, manqana-

danadgarebis, SesaZenad gaweuli xarji. (realuri

investicia)

2. fasiani qaRaldebis, magaliTad aqciebis,

SesaZenad gaweuli xarji. (finansuri investicia)

SeniSvna: realuri investicia qmnis axal aqtivebs, e. i. zrdis

qveynis sawarmoo potencials; maSin rodesac finansuri

investicia, ubralod, aqtivebis flobis uflebis gadacemaa.

insaideri (bankis )insaideri (bankis )insaideri (bankis )insaideri (bankis )

(Insider)

bankis administraciuli muSaki an aqcioneri, misi

ojaxis wevri an masTan saqmiani interesebiT

dakavSirebuli piri. (sapir. - auTsaideri)

inteinteinteinteleqtualuri kapitalileqtualuri kapitalileqtualuri kapitalileqtualuri kapitali

(Human capital)

saerTo codna romelic gamoiyeneba warmoebaSi.

investiciebs inteleqtualuri kapitalis gazrda-

Si, anu sxvadasxva saxis gamokvlevebSi, Sedegad

sdevs axali, teqnikurad gaumjobesebuli

produqciis warmoeba da ekonomikis efeqturobis

zrda.

intervenciaintervenciaintervenciaintervencia

(Intervention) ama Tu im ekonomikuri subieqtis erTjeradi

intensiuri zemoqmedeba bazarze. magaliTad

erovnuli bankis mier ucxouri valutis gayidvis

mkveTri gazrda.

inflaciainflaciainflaciainflacia

(Inflation) fasebis saerTo donis aweva. (ix. deflacia)

kalaTakalaTakalaTakalaTa

(Basket) ama Tu im sidideTa kompleqti, nakrebi, mag.:

1. samomxmareblo kalaTasamomxmareblo kalaTasamomxmareblo kalaTasamomxmareblo kalaTa _ pirobiTi momxmareb-



lis mier moxmarebuli saqonlisa da misTvis

gaweuli momsaxurebis erToblioba;

2. savaluto kalaTasavaluto kalaTasavaluto kalaTasavaluto kalaTa _ sxvadasxva qveynis valutis

ama Tu im wesiT Seqmnili nakrebi (ECU _ ekiu,

evropuli savaluto erTeuli; SDR _ sesxebis

specialuri ufleba; PPS _ msyidvelobiTi

unaris standarti).

kapitaldabandebakapitaldabandebakapitaldabandebakapitaldabandeba

(Investment)

ix. investicia.

kapitalikapitalikapitalikapitali

(Capital)

warmoebis materialuri (fabrikebi, ofisebi,

manqana-danadgarebi) da aramaterialuri (“nou-hau”)

saSualebebis erToblioba.

kapitalis dena kapitalis dena kapitalis dena kapitalis dena

(Capital flight)

fondebis moZraoba adgilobriv ekonomikasa da

gare samyaros Soris, dakavSirebuli fasiani

qaRaldebis an fizikuri aqtivebis yidva-

gayidvasTan da saerTaSoriso sesxebTan.

kapitaluri angariSikapitaluri angariSikapitaluri angariSikapitaluri angariSi (Capital account)

1. sagadamxdelo balansis nawili, romelic aR-

wers grZelvadiani aqtivebis yidva-gayidvasTan da

kerZo seqtoris sesxebTan dakavSirebul saxsrebis

moZraobas (ix. mimdinare angariSi)

2. erovnuli angariSebis nawili, romelic

moicavs mTavrobis mier saxelmwifo infrastruq-

turis sferoSi (gzebi, skolebi, saavadmyofoebi)

gaweul xarjebs da kerZo seqtoris realur

investiciebs.

likviduri aqtivebi (bankis )likviduri aqtivebi (bankis )likviduri aqtivebi (bankis )likviduri aqtivebi (bankis )

(Liquid assets)

fuladi aqtivebi romlebic advilad SeiZleba

iqnas gamoyenebuli angariSsworebisTvis: oqro,

bankis fuladi saxsrebi salaroSi (larebi da

ucxouri valuta), sakorespondento angariSebi

erovnul da ucxour valutaSi (maT Soris

sazRvargareTac), savaldebulo rezervebis

angariSze arsebuli saxsrebi (Tu isini sakredito

auqcionze nayidi kreditis uzrunvelyofas ar

waroadgenen).

lorencis mrudilorencis mrudilorencis mrudilorencis mrudi

(Lorenz curve)

raime sididis, magaliTad Semosavlebis,

ganawilebis amsaxveli mrudi.

diagonalsa da lorencis mruds Soris moqceuli

farTobis Sefardebas diagonalis qvemoT moqceul

farTobTan ewodeba jinis (Gini) koeficienti. igi warmoadgens ganawilebis araTanabrobis sazoms da

icvleba nolidan (Tanabari ganawileba) erTamde

(absoluturad araTanabari ganawileba).



M0

sxvanairad _ “viwro fuli”. monetarul TeoriaSi

fuladi maragis erT-erTi sazomi (fuladi

agregati), romelic moicavs fuladi aqtivebis

yvelaze likvidur nawils _ bankebis gareT

arsebul naRd fuls. (ar moicavs im naRd fuls,

romelic rezervebis saxiT komerciuli bankebis

sacavebSi inaxeba).

M2

sxvanairad _ “farTo fuli”, moicavs M0-sa da ko-merciul bankebSi arsebul arasabanko da

arasaxelmwifo depozitebs adgilobriv valutaSi.

ganisazRvreba rogorc fuli, romelic, garkveuli

periodis amowurvis Semdeg, SeiZleba gamoyenebul

iqnas angariSsworebisTvis.

M3

aseve, xSirad moixsenieba rogorc “farTo fuli”;

moicavs M2-sa da mosaxleobis ucxour valutaSi

denominirebul anabrebs komerciul bankebSi.

makroekonomikamakroekonomikamakroekonomikamakroekonomika

(Macroeconomics)

ekonomikuri mecnierebis nawili, romelic

swavlobs ekonomikas rogorc erT mTlians da

cdilobs daadginos fundamenturi ekonomikuri

cnebebis _ warmoebisa da dasaqmebis donis,

fasebis saerTo donis ganmsazRvreli ZiriTadi

faqtorebi.

materialuri aqtivebi (bankis )materialuri aqtivebi (bankis )materialuri aqtivebi (bankis )materialuri aqtivebi (bankis )

(Fixed assets)

Senoba-nagebobani, sameurneo inventari da maTze

gaweuli kapitaluri danaxarjebi

meoradi kapitali (bankis )meoradi kapitali (bankis )meoradi kapitali (bankis )meoradi kapitali (bankis )

(Secondary capital)

materialuri aqtivebis gadafasebis nawili,

miznobrivi fondebi, saimedo sesxebis SesaZlo

danakargebis gaTvaliswinebiT Seqmnili rezervebi.

(ix. pirveladi kapitali)

mikroekonomikamikroekonomikamikroekonomikamikroekonomika

(Microeconomics)

ekonomikuri mecnierebis nawili, romelic

swavlobs momxmareblebisa da firmebis qmedebas;

aanalizebs sawarmoo faqtorebis, saqonlisa da

momsaxurebis sabazro fasebsa da moculobas.

agreTve, ganixilavs SezRuduli ekonomikuri

resursebis ganawilebis efeqturobas.

mimdinare angariSimimdinare angariSimimdinare angariSimimdinare angariSi

(Current account)

1. drois garkveul monakveTSi (rogorc wesi,

erTi wlis ganmavlobaSi) qveynis danarCen

msofliosTan sasaqonlo (xiluli) da

samomsaxureo (uxilavi) vaWrobis amsaxveli

angariSi. (ix. sagadamxdelo balansi; savaWro

balansi)

2. bankSi fizikuri piris Tu kompaniis



moTxovnamde angariSi.

mimdinare aqtivebi (bankis )mimdinare aqtivebi (bankis )mimdinare aqtivebi (bankis )mimdinare aqtivebi (bankis )

(Current assets)

likviduri aqtivebi da bankis mier dafarvis erT

Tvemde vadiT gacemuli sesxebi. agreTve bankis

sxva moTxovnebi dafarvis erT Tvemde vadiT.

moTxovnebimoTxovnebimoTxovnebimoTxovnebi

(Claims) finansuri aqtivebi, saxeldobr gacemuli

kreditebi, saxazino da komerciuli Tamasuqebi.

monetaruli politikamonetaruli politikamonetaruli politikamonetaruli politika

(Monetary policy)

ix. fuladi politika.

mwarmoebelTa fasebis indeqsi _ mwarmoebelTa fasebis indeqsi _ mwarmoebelTa fasebis indeqsi _ mwarmoebelTa fasebis indeqsi _

mfimfimfimfi

(Producer price index - PPI)

indeqsi romelic asaxavs adgilobrivi mwarmoe-

blebis mier sakuTar produqciaze dadebuli

fasebis donis saSualo cvlilebas. (ix.

samomxmareblo fasebis indeqsi)

mepmepmepmep ---- mTlianimTlianimTlianimTliani erovnulierovnulierovnulierovnuli produqtiproduqtiproduqtiproduqti

(GNP)

drois garkveul monakveTSi (rogorc wesi, erTi

wlis ganmavlobaSi) qveynis mSp-sa da

sazRvargareTidan miRebuli wminda Semosavlis

jami.

mSpmSpmSpmSp ---- mTl mTl mTl mTliani Sida produqtiiani Sida produqtiiani Sida produqtiiani Sida produqti

(GDP)

drois garkveul monakveTSi, (rogorc wesi, erTi

wlis ganmavlobaSi) adgilobrivad warmoebuli

saqonlisa da gaweuli momsaxurebis jamuri

fuladi Rirebuleba. (ix. erovnuli angariSebi)

nominalurinominalurinominalurinominaluri

(Nominal) gazomili mimdinare fasebSi, inflaciis gauTva-

liswineblad. (ix. realuri)

obligaciaobligaciaobligaciaobligacia

(Bond) rogorc wesi, mTavrobis an komerciuli organiza-

ciis mier, sesxis aRebis mizniT gamoSvebuli,

myari saprocento ganakveTis mqone, grZelvadiani

fasiani qaRaldi. (ix. aqcia, saxazino Tamasuqi).

pirvelapirvelapirvelapirveladi kapitali (bankis )di kapitali (bankis )di kapitali (bankis )di kapitali (bankis )

(Primary capital)

aqciebis realizaciidan miRebuli kapitali, kapi-

taluri rezervebi (ganawilebuli mogebis

nawili, romelic gankuTvnilia gauTvaliswinebe-

li zaralis dasafaravad), gaunawilebeli mogeba.

(ix. meoradi kapitali)

realurirealurirealurirealuri

(Real)

gazomili namdvil (sabaziso wlis fasebTan

Sesadar) fasebSi, inflaciis gaTvaliswinebiT.

sagadasaxdelo balansisagadasaxdelo balansisagadasaxdelo balansisagadasaxdelo balansi

(Balance of payments)


wlis ganmavlobaSi) qveynis danarCen msofliosTan

savaWro da safinanso urTierTobis amsaxveli



angariSi. igi Sedgeba ori ZiriTadi nawilisagan:

mimdinare angariSi da kapitaluri angariSi.

sagadasaxado bazasagadasaxado bazasagadasaxado bazasagadasaxado baza

(Tax base) mTliani fuladi fondi romelic eqvemdebareba

gadasaxadebis gadaxdas. magaliTad, saSemosavlo

gadasaxadis baza aris am gadasaxads daqvemdeba-

rebuli mTliani Semosavlebi, xolo mogebis gada-

saxadis baza aris yvela im mogebis jami, romelic

am gadasaxads eqvemdebareba.

sagadasaxado fardobasagadasaxado fardobasagadasaxado fardobasagadasaxado fardoba

(Tax wedge) Tanafardoba damqiraveblis mier gaweuli mTliani

xarjebisa daqiravebulis mier miRebul wminda

xelfasis odenobasTan.

savaWro balansisavaWro balansisavaWro balansisavaWro balansi

(Balance of trade)


wlis ganmavlobaSi) danarCen msofliosTan qveynis

sasaqonlo (xiluli) vaWrobis amsaxveli angariSi.

(ix. sagadamxdelo balansi; mimdinare angariSi).

savaldebulo rezervebisavaldebulo rezervebisavaldebulo rezervebisavaldebulo rezervebi

(Reserve requirements)

komerciuli bankebis saerTo aqtivebSi, rezervebis

savaldebulo proporcia, romelsac centraluri

banki awesebs. es Tanxebi uzrunvelyofen

momxmareblebis yoveldRiuri moTxovnilebis

dakmayofilebas da zRudaven kreditebis gacemas.

saqarTveloSi komerciuli bankebis es rezervebi

inaxeba seb-Si.

sakorespondento angariSebisakorespondento angariSebisakorespondento angariSebisakorespondento angariSebi

(Correspondent accounts)

bankebis angariSebi sxva bankebSi, romlebic

gamoiyeneba klientTa saxeliT bankTaSoris

angariSsworebaSi. maTi moculoba damokidebulia

saangariSsworebo sistemis moqnilobaze da

bankebis survilze gascen sesxi.

samomxmareblo fasebis indeqsi _ samomxmareblo fasebis indeqsi _ samomxmareblo fasebis indeqsi _ samomxmareblo fasebis indeqsi _

sfisfisfisfi

(Consumer price index - CPI)

inflaciis sazomi indeqsi, romelic warmoadgens

samomxmareblo saqonlis da momsaxurebis fiqsi-

rebuli kalaTis nominaluri Rirebulebis

fardobas amave kalaTis sabaziso wlis fasebSi

gamosaxul RirebulebasTan.

samuSao ZalasamuSao ZalasamuSao ZalasamuSao Zala

(Labour)

rogorc fizikuri (magaliTaT, manqanis awyoba),

ise inteleqtualuri (magaliTad, maragis

aRricxvis sistemis Seqmna) Sromis SenaZeni

sawarmoo procesSi.

saprocento ganakveTisaprocento ganakveTisaprocento ganakveTisaprocento ganakveTi

(Interest rate)

msesxeblis mier kreditorisTvis ZiriTadi valis

garda gadasaxdeli Tanxa, gamoxatuli ZiriTadi

valis procentebSi; fuladi resursebis gadacemis

sabazro fasi.



sarezervo fulisarezervo fulisarezervo fulisarezervo fuli

(Reserve money)

aseve moixsenieba rogorc fulis baza an “Zlieri

fuli”, Seicavs M0-sa da komerciul bankebSi

arsebul sxvadasxva rezervebs. sarezervo fulis

moculobas uSualod centraluri banki

akontrolebs.

saxazino Tamasuqi (valdebuleba )saxazino Tamasuqi (valdebuleba )saxazino Tamasuqi (valdebuleba )saxazino Tamasuqi (valdebuleba )

(Treasury bill)

finansTa saministros an centraluri bankis mier

gamoSvebuli, gansazRvruli saprocento

ganakveTis mqone, moklevadiani (erT welze

naklebi) fasiani qaRaldi, romelic warmoadgens

mTavrobis mier Tamasuqis mflobelisagan sesxis

aRebis damamtkicebel sabuTs. saxazino Tamasuqi

erT-erTi instrumentia, romlis meSveobiTac

centraluri banki akontrolebs mimoqcevaSi

arsebuli fulis moculobas. (ix. obligacia)

socialuri uzrunvelyofis socialuri uzrunvelyofis socialuri uzrunvelyofis socialuri uzrunvelyofis

sistemasistemasistemasistema

(Social Safety Net)

socialurad naklebad uzrunvelyofili

fenebisTvis _ mcireSemosavliani ojaxebisTvis,

umuSevrebisTvis, pensionerebisTvis, invalidebis-

Tvis, martoxela mSoblebisTvis da a.S. daxmarebis

aRmoCenis sistema.

savaluto rezervebisavaluto rezervebisavaluto rezervebisavaluto rezervebi

(Foreign currency (exchange) reserves)

ucxouri valutisa da oqros maragi, romelic

gamoiyeneba sagadamxdelo balansis deficitis

Sesavsebad.

sterilizaciasterilizaciasterilizaciasterilizacia

(Sterilisation) ama Tu im eknomikuri RonisZiebis Tanmdevi

arasasurveli efeqtis gabaTileba sxva

ekonomikuri RonisZiebiT. magaliTad, samTavrobo

dakreditebis gazrdis Sedegad fuladi maragis

zrdis Tavidan asacileblad, erovnuli banki

ucxouri valutis gayidviT amcirebs mimoqcevaSi

arsebuli adgilobrivi valutis moculobas.

uimedo sesxiuimedo sesxiuimedo sesxiuimedo sesxi

(Bad loan)

gasesxebuli Tanxa, romlis ukan dabruneba aRar

aris mosalodneli (magaliTad, mevale gakotrda).

aseTi sesxebi miekuTvneba xarjebs da Camoiwereba.

fardobiTi upiratesobafardobiTi upiratesobafardobiTi upiratesobafardobiTi upiratesoba

(Comparative advantage)

qveynis unari ufro naklebi danaxarjebiT

awarmoos garkveuli saqoneli vidre meore

qveyanam. (ix. absoluturi upiratesoba)

fasiani qaRaldebifasiani qaRaldebifasiani qaRaldebifasiani qaRaldebi

(Securities) kapitalis mozidvis finansuri instrumenti.

ZiriTadi fasiani qaRaldebia: aqcia, obligacia,

Tamasuqi, saxazino valdebuleba.

faqtoruli resursebi, warmoebis faqtoruli resursebi, warmoebis faqtoruli resursebi, warmoebis faqtoruli resursebi, warmoebis resursebi romlebic gamoiyeneba firmebis mier



faqtorebifaqtorebifaqtorebifaqtorebi

(Factors of production)

saqonlis an momsaxurebis warmoebisas. gamoyofen

sawarmoo faqtorebis sam ZiriTad jgufs: miwa,

samuSao Zala da kapitali.

faqtoruli Rirebuleba faqtoruli Rirebuleba faqtoruli Rirebuleba faqtoruli Rirebuleba

(Factor cost)

saqonlis an momsaxurebis Rirebuleba daxar-

juli faqtoruli resursebis gamosaxulebaSi.

faqtoruli Semosavali faqtoruli Semosavali faqtoruli Semosavali faqtoruli Semosavali an

erovnuli Semosavalierovnuli Semosavalierovnuli Semosavalierovnuli Semosavali

(Factor income or national income)

drois mocemul periodSi SinameurneobaTa saerTo

fuladi Semosavali miRebuli biznesisTvis

faqtoruli resursebis mowodebis sanacvlod.

fiskaluri politikafiskaluri politikafiskaluri politikafiskaluri politika

(Fiscal policy)

sagadasaxado-sabiujeto politika. sagadasaxado

sistemisa da saxelmwifo xarjebis struqturis

saTanado marTviT qveynis ekonomikur aqtiurobaze

zemoqmedebis meqanizmi.

fuladi bazafuladi bazafuladi bazafuladi baza

(Monetary base)

ix. sarezervo fuli

fuladi politikafuladi politikafuladi politikafuladi politika

(Monetary policy)

qveynis ekonomikur aqtiurobaze zemoqmedeba fu-

lis moculobis, dakreditebisa da saprocento

ganakveTebis struqturis saTanado marTviT.

fulis mimoqcevis siCqarefulis mimoqcevis siCqarefulis mimoqcevis siCqarefulis mimoqcevis siCqare

(Velocity of money circulation)

indeqsi, romelic gviCvenebs Tu, garkveuli

periodis ganmavlobaSi, saSualod ramdenjer

gamoiyeneba angariSsworebisTvis TiToeuli

fuladi erTeuli. gamoiTvleba formuliT:

V P YM= , sadac, V aris fulis mimoqcevis

siCqare; M _ fulis moculoba (M2 an M3); Y _ realuri mSp; P _ mSp-s deflatori.

fulis multiplikatorifulis multiplikatorifulis multiplikatorifulis multiplikatori

(Money multiplier)

sabanko sistemas, sadepozito angariSebze miRe-

buli Tanxebis gasesxebiT, axali depozitebis

Seqmnis (anu fulis gamravlebis) unari gaaCnia.

fulis multiplikatori aris am gamravlebis

koeficienti. sem-Si fulis multiplikatori

gamoiTvleba M2-is an M3-is sarezervo fulTan

SefardebiT. arsebobs misi gamoTvlis sxva gzebic.

(ix. sarezervo fuli; rezervebi; savaldebulo

rezervebi)

SinameurneobaSinameurneobaSinameurneobaSinameurneoba

(Household) erT saerTo sacxovrebel farTobze da erTi

saojaxo biujetiT mcxovreb adamianTa

erToblioba.

SeRavaTiani periodiSeRavaTiani periodiSeRavaTiani periodiSeRavaTiani periodi

(Grace period)

kreditis dabrunebis periodi, romlis

ganmavlobaSi mxolod saprocento ganakveTis

gadaxda xdeba.



Crdilovani ekonomikaCrdilovani ekonomikaCrdilovani ekonomikaCrdilovani ekonomika

(Black, grey, underground, shadow economy)

faruli ekonomikuri garigebebis erToblioba,

romlis arsebobis safuZveli _ gadasaxadebisagan

Tavis aridebis an aralegaluri qmedebis damalvis

survilia.

ccccentraluri bankientraluri bankientraluri bankientraluri banki

(Central bank)

qveynis mTavari banki, romelic moqmedebs rogorc

mTavrobisa da sxva bankebis banki da pasuxismgebe-

lia qveyanaSi fuladi politikis ganxorciele-

baze. saqarTveloSi _ saqarTvelos erovnuli

banki (seb).

wminda adgilobrivi aqtivwminda adgilobrivi aqtivwminda adgilobrivi aqtivwminda adgilobrivi aqtivebi _ ebi _ ebi _ ebi _

waawaawaawaa

(Net domestic assets - NDA)

rogorc wesi, jami ama Tu im sakredito

dawesebulebis adgilobrivi sakuTrebisa da

ekonomikis adgilobrivi subieqtebis mimarT

moTxovnebisa da valdebulebebis sxvaobisa. sem-

Si, rogorc wesi saubaria saqarTvelos erovnuli

bankis waa-ze (ix. aqtivebi, wminda ucxouri

aqtivebi)

wminda ucxouri aqtivebi _ wminda ucxouri aqtivebi _ wminda ucxouri aqtivebi _ wminda ucxouri aqtivebi _ wuawuawuawua

(Net foreign assets - NFA)

rogorc wesi, jami ama Tu im sakredito

dawesebulebis ucxoeTSi mdebare sakuTrebisa da

sazRvargareT ganlagebuli ekonomikuri

subieqtebis mimarT moTxovnebis da

valdebulebebis sxvaobisa.

jinis koeficientijinis koeficientijinis koeficientijinis koeficienti

(Gini coefficient)

ix. lorencis mrudi.

hiperinflaciahiperinflaciahiperinflaciahiperinflacia

(Hyperinflation) Zalian maRali inflacia. xSirad ganisazrvreba

rogorc inflacia romlis Tviuri done, drois

xangrZlivi monakveTis (eqvsi Tve da meti)

ganmavlobaSi, 50 procents aRemateba.

abreviabreviabreviabreviaturebiaturebiaturebiaturebi

saqarTvelos ekonomikis mimarTulebsaqarTvelos ekonomikis mimarTulebsaqarTvelos ekonomikis mimarTulebsaqarTvelos ekonomikis mimarTulebebiebiebiebi –––– 2000 2000 2000 2000 N 1 131313138888

gaerogaerogaerogaero gaerTianebuli erebis organizacia

vsskvsskvsskvssk vaWrobis saerTaSoriso standartuli klasifikacia

dsTdsTdsTdsT damoukidebel saxelmwifoTa Tanamegobroba

dRgdRgdRgdRg damatebuli Rirebulebis gadasaxadi

epkcepkcepkcepkc ekonomikuri politikisa da kvlevis centri

TbsbTbsbTbsbTbsb Tbilisis bankTaSorisi savaluto birJa

kvt•sTkvt•sTkvt•sTkvt•sT kilovatsaaTi (mgvt•sT - megavatsaaTi, gvt•sT - gigavatsaaTi)

mepmepmepmep mTliani erovnuli produqti

mSpmSpmSpmSp mTliani Sida produqti

mfimfimfimfi mwarmoebelTa fasebis indeqsi

sgsufsgsufsgsufsgsuf saxelmwifo gaerTianebuli socialuri uzrunvelyofis fondi

sdsdsdsd saxelmwifo sagadasaxado departamenti

sebsebsebseb saqarTvelos erovnuli banki

semsemsemsem saqarTvelos ekonomikis mimarTulebebi

svsvsvsv saxazino valdebuleba (Tamasuqi)

ssdssdssdssd statistikis saxelmwifo departamenti

ssssssssssss saxelmwifo sagadasaxado samsaxuri

sssfsssfsssfsssf saqarTvelos socialuri sainvesticio fondi

ssfssfssfssf saerTaSoriso savaluto fondi

sfsfsfsf sarezervo fuli

sfisfisfisfi samomxmareblo fasebis indeqsi

sqmssqmssqmssqms saxelmwifo qonebis marTvis saministro

SsoSsoSsoSso Sromis saerTaSoriso organizacia

waawaawaawaa wminda adgilobrivi aqtivebi

wmpwmpwmpwmp wminda materialuri produqti

wsrwsrwsrwsr wminda saerTaSoriso rezervebi

wuawuawuawua wminda ucxouri aqtivebi

hahahaha heqtari

ACDI soflis meurneobis ganviTarebis saerTaSoriso TanamSromlobis

organizacia

ESAF struqturul gardaqmnaTa gafarToebuli dafinansebis meqanizmi

GATT generaluri SeTanxmeba vaWrobasa da tarifebze

IFAD soflis meurneobis ganviTarebis saerTaSoriso fondi

ISIC saerTaSoriso standartuli dargobrivi klasifikacia

OECD ekonomikuri TanamSromlobisa da ganviTarebis organizacia

OPEC navTobis eqsportiori qveynebis organizacia

abreviaturebiabreviaturebiabreviaturebiabreviaturebi

saqarTvelos ekonomikis mimarTulebebi – 1998 wlis pirveli kvartali

SAC msofli bankis struqturul gardaqmnaTa krediti

TRACECA satransporto koridori evropa-kavkasia-azia

USAID amerikis SeerTebuli Statebis saerTaSoriso ganviTarebis saagento

WTO msoflio savaWro organizacia

saqartvelos ekonomikis mimartulebebi

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