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©University of Reading 2015

Safety Code of Practice 48 1st Edition, May 2013

HAZARDOUS WASTE

Health & Safety Services

Unit name goes here

Safety Code of Practice 48: Hazardous Waste, 1st Edition, May 2013


Contents

1 Summary ............................................................................................................................................................. 4

2 University of Reading Hazardous Waste Management Procedure .................................................... 5

3 Scope ................................................................................................................................................................... 6

4 What is Hazardous Waste? ............................................................................................................................ 7

5 Responsibilities.................................................................................................................................................. 8

5.1 Heads of Schools/Directorates ........................................................................................................... 8

5.2 All staff and students ............................................................................................................................... 8

5.3 Estates and Facilities ............................................................................................................................... 9

5.3.1 Premises registration ..................................................................................................................... 9

5.3.2 Duty of care audits .......................................................................................................................... 9

6 Practical Hazardous Waste Management ................................................................................................. 9

6.1 Categories of hazardous waste ........................................................................................................... 9

6.1.1 Office environment ...................................................................................................................... 10

6.1.2 Laboratories and workshops ..................................................................................................... 10

6.1.3 Waste from University farms .................................................................................................... 11

6.2 Storage of hazardous waste .............................................................................................................. 11

6.2.1 Limits on storage .......................................................................................................................... 11

6.2.2 Secure storage .............................................................................................................................. 11

6.3 Moving and transferring hazardous waste ..................................................................................... 13

6.3.1 Disposal via the University hazardous waste service ......................................................... 14

7 Liquid waste disposal via sinks, drains and surface water ................................................................... 15

7.1 Laboratory liquid waste ....................................................................................................................... 15

7.1.1 Substances not permitted for drain disposal ....................................................................... 15

7.2 Disposal of dilute liquid wastes from farms .................................................................................... 16

7.3 Catering waste ....................................................................................................................................... 17

7.4 Surface water drainage ........................................................................................................................ 17

8 Further advice and Information ................................................................................................................. 17

Appendix 1: Hazardous Properties ............................................................................................................. 19

Appendix 2: Summary of threshold concentration limits for hazardous waste (for disposal via

waste contractors) ................................................................................................................................................. 21

Appendix 3: Hazardous waste storage requirements and disposal routes via waste contractor

22

Appendix 4: Example of a chemical waste label ...................................................................................... 28

Appendix 5: Example of hazardous waste disposal form ..................................................................... 29



Appendix 6: Guidance on disposal to sinks in laboratories .................................................................. 30

Appendix 7: Prescribed substances that must not be discharged to drain .................................... 40

Appendix 8: Version control ......................................................................................................................... 42



1 SUMMARY This Code of Practice outlines how hazardous waste should be managed and disposed of

from University of Reading premises. Practical information about collection and disposal

services is given on the Clean and Green web site at www.reading.ac.uk/cleanandgreen.

Waste is considered to be hazardous if it might be harmful to human health or the

environment. It includes liquids, solids and emissions to air. This Code of Practice covers

SOLID and LIQUID waste:

that is disposed of via hazardous waste contractors.

that is disposed of via the sewage/trade effluent discharge system, including from laboratory

sinks.

that is classed as hazardous biological and clinical waste – however for more detailed guidance

on treating and handling clinical and biological waste prior to off-site disposal see Safety Code

of Practice 14 Part 7.

This Code of Practice excludes emissions to air from ventilation stacks etc, and all disposals of

waste radioactive materials (RAM) (see Safety Guide 16–19 for information on RAM).

All hazardous waste must be segregated, handled and stored correctly and securely. It must only

be transferred to a registered carrier for carriage and eventual disposal to a site authorised to

receive it.

Hazardous waste must not be put into the University’s general waste collections, whether into an

office bin, skip or recycling collection.

Wherever practicable, waste hierarchy principles must be adopted in order to minimise the

quantities of hazardous waste generated. This includes assessing during the procurement of

materials/goods/equipment how hazardous waste might subsequently be produced, and how it

will be disposed of.

All hazardous waste must be segregated at source by the producer of the waste and stored

safely and securely pending collection by a registered hazardous waste carrier. Segregation

means keeping hazardous waste separate from non-hazardous, not allowing it to be mixed or

cross-contaminated with other types of hazardous waste, and ensuring incompatible

materials are not mixed.

Safe storage includes a legal requirement to keep the waste secure, not allow it to ‘escape’ or

be accessed by unauthorised persons. It must be labelled with information about the contents

and marked as hazardous.

Hazardous waste can only be transferred to the University’s selected waste contractor, for

packaging and eventual treatment/disposal at sites registered with the Environment Agency.

The producer (i.e. a departmental representative) will be asked to sign the consignment note

at the point of transfer from producer to carrier. A copy of the consignment note will be

provided by the waste contractor to Campus Services’ Sustainability Team for legal

compliance purposes. The Sustainability Team will send a copy to the School/ producer for

local records.

There is a legal duty to minimise waste, and to reuse and recycle where practicable (the ‘waste

hierarchy’). Before disposing of waste, producers must confirm that they have considered the

waste hierarchy and taken action to comply with it. This is achieved by the person or

department which has produced the waste signing a declaration on the consignment note.

Estates and Facilities (E&F) (the Campus Services’ Sustainability Team) are responsible for

providing a hazardous waste service to the University, including registration with the



Environment Agency; selection of competent and licensed waste disposal carriers and

companies; Duty of Care audits of waste contractors; and retention of all consignment notes.

Waste producers in Schools/ Directorates must co-operate with E&F and Procurement

policies to enable the University to comply with hazardous waste legislation.

2 UNIVERSITY OF READING HAZARDOUS WASTE MANAGEMENT PROCEDURE

Key Definitions

Waste Producer – the person responsible for waste produced by the School/ Department/ Directorate

Waste Carrier - a person/company who transports waste between sites. Must be licensed by the

Environment Agency (EA).



3 SCOPE This Code of Practice explains the procedures for safely disposing of hazardous waste from

all University sites. It covers all hazardous waste disposed of via hazardous waste carriers.



This includes solids, liquids, waste electrical equipment, clinical and biological waste, and

waste hazardous flammable liquids/ materials, where the requirements of the Dangerous

Substances (Explosive Atmospheres) Regulations also apply – see Safety Guide 24. In

addition, it sets out what can, and cannot, be disposed of to the trade effluent system (i.e.

the drains), with particular reference to discharges from laboratory sinks.

It excludes all emissions to air and all waste radioactive materials (see Safety Guides 16 to 19 for

information on radioactive materials). Pre-treatment prior to disposal of clinical and biological

waste is covered in Safety Code of Practice 14 Part 7.

Managing hazardous waste properly can save money on disposal costs, by reducing the quantities

of waste generated, and can reduce the University’s impact on the environment. Failing to do so

may result in prosecution of the University and individuals, may damage the environment, or may

place human health at risk.

There are legal requirements on the University as a waste ‘producer’ and on the individuals whose

work generates the waste. For the purposes of this Code, ‘producer’ is taken to mean the

individual or department that generates the waste.

4 WHAT IS HAZARDOUS WASTE? This section applies to hazardous waste disposed of via waste contractors, for final disposal

via landfill or incineration. It does NOT cover liquid effluent disposed of via the drains – see

section 5.

Waste is defined as hazardous if it is classified as hazardous in the European Waste Catalogue

(EWC or List of Wastes). Generally, waste is hazardous if it, or the materials or substances it

contains, are harmful to human health or the environment.

Typical examples of hazardous waste include:

Chemicals

Oils (all types except edible oil)

Asbestos

Waste electrical and electronic equipment (WEEE)

Fluorescent light tubes and energy-saving bulbs

Batteries

Refrigerators and freezers containing ozone-depleting substances

Solvents, including aerosols

Pesticides

Inks, oils and paints.

There are two kinds of hazardous waste entry in the EWC:

Always hazardous (“Absolute” entries). Examples include waste from the manufacture of

specified acids, inorganic wood preservatives, and nickel cadmium batteries.

May, or may not, be hazardous and need to be assessed (“Mirror” entries). These are only

considered hazardous if they contain a certain hazardous component, or more than a

specified amount of a hazardous substance. Examples include some wastes containing

arsenic or mercury or displaying hazardous properties such as flammability.

Waste is hazardous if it possesses one or more of the properties H1 to H15 set out in Appendix 1

(taken from the Hazardous Waste Directive). In general, if it contains ‘dangerous substances’, it is

hazardous. This information can be obtained from a variety of sources, including:



The European Waste Catalogue 2002

Safety Data Sheets

Annex VI Table 3.2 of the Classification, Labelling and Packaging of Substances Regulation

(CLP)

The hazard classification given in the HSE’s ‘Approved Supply List’

The Approved Classification and Labelling Guide

or from reference books or internet sources.

Some dangerous substances have concentration threshold limits. If a waste contains a dangerous

substance(s) at a concentration below the threshold for all of the hazardous properties, the waste

will not be hazardous and is categorised as a non-hazardous “mirror entry”. Threshold limits are

set out in the Environment Agency document ‘Technical Guidance WM2 Hazardous Waste –

see: http://www.environment-agency.gov.uk/static/documents/GEHO0603BIRB-e-e.pdf.

Note: This applies only to waste being disposed of off-site via waste contractors (solids or liquids).

For liquid effluent disposed of to laboratory sinks or drains, see section 5.

Appendix 2 gives a short summary of threshold concentrations against common hazards and risk

phrases.

If the content of the waste is not clear, producers must prove that it is non-hazardous before it

can go to a non-hazardous waste stream.

Guidance:

Contact Campus Services Sustainability Team for assistance at [email protected] or ext.

6968/6927.

OR see the Environment Agency web site for help on assessing if your waste is hazardous -

http://www.environment-agency.gov.uk/business/topics/waste/32200.aspx

5 RESPONSIBILITIES Waste regulations apply to the University as an organisation, and to any individual who generates

hazardous waste.

5.1 Heads of Schools/Directorates Heads of Schools/Directorates must ensure that:

Waste management requirements and local procedures are available, compliant with

University policy and UK legislation, and are understood and complied with by staff and

students.

The University Procurement policy and the Sustainable Procurement Policy are followed with

regard to use of preferred waste contractors. This is to ensure that the waste carrier/ disposal

company has been assessed prior to selection and is competent, registered etc. Failure to do

so, by the use of any other companies for hazardous waste disposal, means that all the ‘Duty

of Care’ responsibilities will fall on the person or department raising the order with the

alternative waste carrier.

5.2 All staff and students

http://www.environment-agency.gov.uk/static/documents/GEHO0603BIRB-e-e.pdf

mailto:[email protected]

http://www.environment-agency.gov.uk/business/topics/waste/32200.aspx



All staff and students must follow the procedures set out in this Code of Practice and in local rules,

Area Health and Safety Codes etc to ensure safe storage, handling, labelling and disposal of

hazardous waste. Individuals as well as the University can be prosecuted for failure to comply.

5.3 Estates and Facilities The Campus Services’ Sustainability Team is responsible for:

Premises Registration with the Environment Agency

Duty of Care audits of waste contractors

Arranging collection from point of use/departmental storage

Safe transport on campus

Safe storage at collection points/waste transfer stations on campus

Selection of competent and registered waste carriers and waste disposal services

Checking of waste carrier’s certificate of registration as a waste carrier

Arranging waste categorisation in accordance with European Waste Catalogue with the waste

contractor

Arranging packaging for transport off campus with the waste contractor

From December 2013, registration as a lower tier waste carrier, if it is determined that the

University normally and regularly carries controlled waste produced by its operations.

5.3.1 Premises registration

The University produces or holds more than 500kg of hazardous waste per annum, therefore

registration is required with Environment Agency. Each site must be registered separately before

any hazardous waste can be removed (registration lasts for 1 year).

Guidance:

In practice, premises registration is undertaken on behalf of the University by the preferred waste

contractor for hazardous waste (currently Select Environmental).

Current registrations cover Whiteknights Campus; Sonning Farm; the Plant Environment

Laboratory, Cutbush Lane; and Greenlands.

5.3.2 Duty of care audits

Waste producers have a duty of care to ensure that waste is disposed of correctly. ‘Duty of Care’

audits of university waste contractors will be undertaken by E&F Sustainability Team to check that waste generated by the University is packaged and transported safely and in accordance with legislation, and is finally disposed of to an authorised hazardous waste disposal site (including landfill and incineration).

6 PRACTICAL HAZARDOUS WASTE MANAGEMENT

6.1 Categories of hazardous waste Hazardous waste comes in many different shapes and forms, and includes materials and

equipment commonly found in offices, as well as in laboratories, workshops and on the farm.



6.1.1 Office environment

In an office environment, the following items are likely to be classed as hazardous:

Electrical equipment with potentially harmful components such as cathode ray tubes, e.g.

computer monitors and televisions

Fluorescent light tubes and energy-saving light bulbs

Vehicle and other lead-acid batteries

Refrigerators containing ozone-depleting substances

Solvents, eg aerosols

Printer toner

Mercury thermometers

These materials must be disposed of via the Campus Services’ Sustainability Team.

Guidance:

Mercury waste from broken thermometers should be collected using an appropriate spill kit,

placed in a sealed container, and stored for disposal. Furnishings contaminated with mercury may

need to be disposed of – consult Safety Note 32 or contact H&SS.

6.1.2 Laboratories and workshops

In addition to the same types of waste found in offices, laboratories and workshops are likely to

generate a variety of hazardous wastes, including:

Solvents

Laboratory chemicals and chemical waste (with any of the properties listed in Appendix 1)

Oils (except edible oils) e.g. engine oil

Acids and alkalines

Sludges

Pesticides

Chemically contaminated glassware, plastics and broken glass

Contaminated sharps

Compressed gas cylinders (containing hazardous gases, and not returnable to the supplier)

Chemically contaminated lab gloves, tissues which require incineration

Paints, oils and inks

Electronic and other equipment

Appendix 3 summarises the waste disposal streams for these materials.

Safety Code of Practice 14 Part 7 sets out the arrangements for clinical and biological waste.

School guidance

Schools should develop their own more detailed guidance for users on how to handle specific

wastes at the point of production e.g. organic compounds, inorganic compounds, stench

compounds, contaminated glassware, redundant packaging, disposable equipment and lab

supplies, biological and clinical waste etc., consistent with the University’s guidance on waste

streams – see the Sustainability Team web site for more information, and Code of Practice 14 Part

7 for clinical and biological waste.

Guidance:

Advice on storage and disposal requirements is given in Appendix 3.



Liquid effluent from laboratories is covered in section 5 of this CoP.

6.1.3 Waste from University farms

University farms should follow the guidance on good agricultural practice, including waste

management, that has been published by Defra:

‘Protecting our water, soil and air: A Code of Good Agricultural Practice for farmers,

growers and land managers’.

Examples of farm wastes that are classified as hazardous include waste oil, asbestos, lead acid

batteries and agro-chemicals containing dangerous substances.

Exemptions for specific agricultural activities

The requirements set out in this Code of Practice apply to all farm operations. However certain

farming activities may be exempt from the requirement to have an environmental permit.

Exemptions must be registered with the Environment Agency. In addition, these activities must

not cause harm to human health, or cause pollution of the environment.

More information on exemptions is available in the document referenced above and on the

Environment Agency web site at http://www.environment-

agency.gov.uk/business/sectors/32777.aspxdefra web site.

6.2 Storage of hazardous waste All Schools and Directorates must ensure that any waste that they generate is stored safely and

securely within the department (including external stores) pending transfer to the University Clean

and Green team or direct to the University waste disposal contractor (providing approval has been

gained from the Sustainability Team).

6.2.1 Limits on storage

Waste can only be stored:

At the place of production (i.e. at the place of work where it is generated by the producer, in the

workshop, laboratory, farm etc)

At a designated hazardous waste storage site controlled by the University, or

At designated hazardous waste collection points on campus for the purposes of recovering or

disposing of the waste elsewhere e.g. to allow bulking up, compacting, recycling collection

points etc.

Temporarily on another site under university control, but subject to a time limit of 3 months

and a quantity limits of 50 cubic metres of non-liquid waste, and 1000 litres of liquid waste.

There is a legal time limit for storage on site (12 months) for storing waste without a permit.

All other circumstances require a permit from the Environment Agency for waste operations.

6.2.2 Secure storage

All hazardous waste kept on University premises, even for a short time, must be kept secure. This

means Schools/Directorates must:

http://www.environment-agency.gov.uk/business/sectors/32777.aspxdefra%20web%20site.

http://www.environment-agency.gov.uk/business/sectors/32777.aspxdefra%20web%20site.



Store waste safely and securely, taking all reasonable precautions to prevent any leaks or spills

that have the potential to cause prevent pollution, and to prevent members of the public

accessing the waste

Package and label waste to identify the contents and the hazard and the associated risk

Keep different types of hazardous waste separate to prevent interaction

Keep hazardous and non-hazardous waste separate to prevent non-hazardous waste from

being contaminated and becoming hazardous waste

Keep liquid hazardous waste in a dedicated area, with an impermeable bund or barrier to

contain spills and leaks

Regularly check storage areas for leaks, deteriorating containers or other potential risks

Display written instructions for storing and disposing of each type of hazardous waste

Maintain an inventory of the hazardous wastes kept on their premises, and where they are

stored - this will help the emergency services to deal with any incident effectively and safely

Assess risks posed by any hazardous substances that they store on their site, including

hazardous waste, and take steps to control those risks.

Separation and segregation

Incompatible materials must be kept separate. For oxidising and flammable substances this means

in a separate store from each other. For other materials/substances, incompatible materials can

be kept in the same store, but must be physically separate e.g. in different parts of the store. This

is only acceptable if the materials are not likely to leak or come into contact.

Packaging and labelling

The producer must ensure that each item of hazardous waste is adequately contained so that it

cannot leak or spill, either during transport to, or while in, the store. This may require double

containment, secure lids etc.

Each item must be labelled to indicate:

The type of material

Its hazardous properties

The quantity

The date that the waste was generated or placed in storage

The producer’s contact details (name, department, telephone number, email etc)

See Appendix 4 for an example of hazardous waste label. Labels can be purchased from the Sustainability Team.

Final packaging and labelling for transport will be undertaken by the University waste disposal

company. No hazardous waste should leave the University without a coded waste label.

Hazardous liquids

Whenever hazardous liquids are being moved e.g. from the point of use to an external store or to

the waste carrier/disposal company, steps must be taken to prevent leaks or spills which may

cause pollution of water courses, including surface water drains e.g. use sealed containers, drain

covers etc.

Flammable liquids

For information on the handling and storage of flammable liquids which are also classed as

hazardous waste, see Safety Guide 24 Dangerous Substances and Explosive Atmospheres

Regulations 2002 (DSEAR) (Including Flammable Liquids).

Emergency procedures and staff training



Any area where hazardous waste is stored must have emergency procedures clearly defined. Staff

must be properly trained to deal with spills of the hazardous materials that are stored locally. This

should include instructions on what to do if there is a spill, the type of personal protection

equipment required and how to correctly dispose of contaminated clean-up materials. PPE and

any equipment needed for a clean-up must be kept readily available.

Storage conditions

Hazardous waste stores must:

be kept in good condition

have intact impermeable floors so that any spillage (solids or liquids) cannot escape and cause

land or groundwater contamination or further deterioration of floors.

have appropriate signage to warn of hazards and tell users what can, and cannot, be stored

have adequate ventilation at high and low level (above secondary containment)

have sufficient space and storage systems to enable products to be segregated, especially if

they are incompatible and would react if mixed

where practical, be designed to minimise manual handling e.g. ramped access to enable

trolleys to be used for heavy loads, shelving at suitable heights etc.

lockable, and kept locked, with access only to authorised persons.

Any containers, drums etc must be in good condition and checked regularly to ensure they are not

deteriorating and allowing contents to leak.

Any drums/containers which could be damaged or corrode if the store were to be flooded must be

stored off the floor on racking, plastic pallets etc.

Storage site location and design

Consideration should be given to:

site environmental sensitivity, including underlying groundwater

nature of the product, e.g. toxicity, persistence

impermeability and resistance to attack from materials stored

fixed fire-fighting systems and fire water containment

fire resistance, including the effects of fire on the containment

protection from vandalism, unauthorised use and arson

protection from flooding.

6.3 Moving and transferring hazardous waste All hazardous waste must be:

transported by a registered or exempt waste carrier arranged via Campus Services’

Sustainability Team.

accompanied by a consignment note (there are only a few exceptions where consignment

notes are not required)

sent to a facility that holds a suitable environmental permit or a registered exemption that

authorises them to take that type of waste

Hazardous waste can only be transferred or carried between different university sites if the carrier

is registered with the Environment Agency, or the producer is exempt. Up until December 2013,

producers who carry their own waste are not required to register with the EA as a waste carrier

(unless the waste in question is construction or demolition waste). This means that



Schools/Directorates who carry wastes between campuses do not currently need to register as a

waste carrier.

After December 2013, registration as a waste carrier is required if waste is normally and regularly

carried or transported.

6.3.1 Disposal via the University hazardous waste service

The waste producer should identify whether or not their waste is hazardous. If in doubt contact the

Sustainability Team for advice.

In order to arrange disposal, the waste producer must identify:

the hazard category code of the substance e.g. H1, H2, H3A etc. Hazard codes for the

properties which render the waste hazardous are in Appendix 1; or contact the Sustainability

Team

name(s) of the substances(s) and concentrations where known

number, capacity and type of containers of each substance (e.g. Winchester, 22.5 litre can,

225 litre drum etc)

total quantity of each substance involved (in grams or kilograms for solids, and mls or litres for

liquids as appropriate) excluding the containers

name and telephone extension of the person with whom the Sustainability Team or the waste

disposal company can liaise regarding the collection of wastes; and

a project code (for recharging of costs to the School/Department).

The form at Appendix 5 should be used to provide essential information to the waste contractor.

Packaging and labelling for waste transfer requirements will be carried out by the waste disposal

contractor. However it is a departmental responsibility to ensure that all containers:

are labelled accurately with regard to content (using YELLOW “Chemical Waste” labels (L8 -

150 x 125mm or L9 - 50 x 105mm) which are available from Clean and Green

are in good condition

are sealed and free from leaks or surface contamination

do not contain unknown substances as licensed contractors cannot accept them – however it

may be possible for the waste contractor to analyse unknown substances

do not contain radioactive or biologically active substances – these cannot be disposed of as

chemical waste.

Any waste which does not meet these requirements will not be accepted for disposal.

The waste disposal contractor supplier will complete a consignment note on behalf of the

producer, including categorisation of the waste, premises code etc. The waste must be

accompanied by the consignment note until it reaches its final destination.

The waste producer has to sign the consignment note and associated confirmation that they have

applied with Waste Hierarchy for dealing with their waste. This means the producer must consider

reusing or recycling the waste before deciding to dispose of it.

The waste disposal contractor will take all copies of the consignment note, and will return one

copy to Campus Services for retention by the Sustainability Team. Copies must be kept for

three years.



7 LIQUID WASTE DISPOSAL VIA SINKS, DRAINS AND SURFACE WATER

Material which enters the University drains (trade effluent) goes via the public sewage system to

Thames Water treatment plant. Material which enters the surface water drains goes (depending

on location) either to the public sewage system or to controlled waters (e.g. rivers, streams, lakes,

groundwater).

Any discharge to the trade effluent or sewerage system must:

Comply with Section 111 of the Water Industry Act 1991

Not present a risk to the health and safety of workers on the sewage system or effluent

treatment plant

Not damage the sewage system

Cause harm to the environment

Under no circumstances should:

Dilution and sink disposal be used as a means of disposing of hazardous liquids that should

otherwise be collected, bulked up and disposed of via the university waste contractor (or in the

case of unused substances, returned to the supplier where practical)

Any liquid wastes, hazardous or not, be poured into external drains as they could be surface

water drains that drain directly into local water courses.

7.1 Laboratory liquid waste

7.1.1 Substances not permitted for drain disposal

For disposal via laboratory sinks, liquid waste in laboratories:

Must not be harmful to humans or the environment (see Appendix 1) – As a general principle,

‘Dilute and disperse’ is not regarded as good practice. For small amounts judgement is

required depending on concentration. When necessary, small amounts of dilute washings may

be disposed of via the drains (with copious amounts of water) in the light of assessment of the

risks. The assessment of what is a 'small amount' depends on professional judgement, bearing

in mind the concentration levels at which the substance(s) are toxic or otherwise harmful.

Larger quantities or highly concentrated substances must not be put down the drain but must

be disposed of by an approved route

Must not contain solids, sludges or viscous substances

Must not contain grease or oil.

Solid chemicals - Solid chemicals must never be disposed of down the drain.

Must not be flammable or explosive – This would include solutions with greater than 24%

alcohol content, and a variety of solvents.

Solvent residues - Moderate amounts of non-hazardous, water-miscible substances may be

poured into sinks or other drains. Other hazardous, non-miscible solvents and larger

quantities must not be disposed of to drain. Suitable residue containers should be available,

with segregation and separate collection of chlorinated and non-chlorinated solvents for

ultimate incineration. Containers of solvent residues must not be allowed to accumulate in

laboratories and fume cupboards; they must be returned to the designated store at frequent

intervals, or as soon as full, for disposal. Vented caps should be used on storage vessels to



release any gradual build-up of pressure in the waste solvent bottles, and any glass storage

vessels used should be of the “break-safe” variety.

If waste solvents contain substances in solution which pose any hazard or are apt to form toxic

or corrosive substances on hydrolysis, oxidation etc., they should first be treated to render

them harmless.

Corrosive chemicals - Liquids that have a pH less than or equal to 5 or greater or equal to 9

cannot be disposed of down the drain. Flushing corrosives down the drain with lots of water is

NOT allowed.

Reactive chemicals - Liquids that could result in an explosion, heat generation, or toxic gas

release cannot be disposed of down the drain. Examples include: cyanides, azides, oxidizers,

water reactive, and air-reactive chemicals.

Toxic chemicals - Chemicals that have an LD50 less than 500 mg/kg OR are identified as

carcinogenic, mutagenic, or tetratogenic cannot be disposed of down the drain.

Heavy metals - Heavy metals should never be disposed of down the drain.

Biological agents and GMM– must be inactivated by a validated autoclave or disinfectant

process before disposal down the sink – see Code of Practice 14 Part 7.

Biological media and cultures – these not significantly affect the bacteriological quality of the

receiving waters. This is usually achieved by limiting the quantity of materials such as samples,

culture supernatants, culture media, buffers. In normal teaching and research laboratory

practice, sink disposal is permissible. However if a new work stream/project is likely to generate

large quantities of material that could affect the quality of the receiving waters (for example

‘industrial’ scale quantities of culture media containing proteins and salts), the water company

should be contacted for advice and consent. See also Appendix 6.

Radioactive substances must not be disposed of in laboratory sinks, unless the sink is

designated for radioactive waste and disposal is in accordance with the University permit

conditions. See Safety Guide 19 Working with open sources of radiation.

Must not be on the ‘Black’ or ‘Red’ Lists of substances as set out in Appendix 7.

The UK Sewerage Undertakers (Water Companies) have published guidance on waste water

discharges for the healthcare sector, including hospitals. This may be helpful in some situations,

where there is a parallel between healthcare and the university work practices. If relevant, the

water company guidance may be followed. ‘National Guidance for Healthcare Waste Water

Discharges’ can be downloaded at:

http://www.water.org.uk/home/policy/publications/archive/industry-guidance/wastewater-from-

hospitals/national-guidance-hospital-discharges-april-2011-v1.pdf

If the water company guidance and information from other sources, such as Manufacturer’s

Safety Data Sheets is contradictory, the more stringent precautions should be followed.

Disposal by evaporation should be avoided. Fume cupboards are not to be used as a means of

disposing of' volatile, hazardous substances used in experimental work or produced during

experimental work.

Guidance:

Discharges via university sinks to the public sewer are not currently controlled by a Trade Effluent

Discharge consent, due to the fact that work is small scale laboratory experiments with a large

dilution factor. However if any waste falls outside the parameters above, or if there is any doubt

about is suitable to go down the drain, consent should be obtained from E&F.

7.2 Disposal of dilute liquid wastes from farms

http://www.water.org.uk/home/policy/publications/archive/industry-guidance/wastewater-from-hospitals/national-guidance-hospital-discharges-april-2011-v1.pdf




The Water Service Company (Thames Water) may allow dilute liquid discharges from a farm to a

public sewer, if they are able to treat the extra pollution load. A trade effluent permit is required,

and a sampling point should be defined and monitored.

In some circumstances, the farms may be able to discharge a treated dilute liquid waste of very low

polluting load to a surface water or to the ground. A discharge consent must be obtained from the

Environment Agency, and a sampling point should be defined and monitored.

Under no circumstances can sheep dip or pesticide washings be disposed of to groundwater or

surface waters. An authorisation from the Environment Agency is needed before they can be

disposed of onto land.

In certain situations, used dip may be disposed of to a licensed landfill site or an authorised

incinerator. Pending disposal, the used dip must be held in a suitable storage facility until collected

by a registered waste carrier. A registered waste disposal contractor may also take away surplus

sheep dip concentrate, products that have passed their label expiry date and empty containers, if

their return to the manufacturer is not a viable option.

7.3 Catering waste Fats, oils, grease and food waste must not be allowed to block the sewerage system. Catering

staff should be trained on why it is important to keep fats, oils, grease and food out of drains and

sewers.

If necessary, systems should be installed to prevent the build-up of grease in the sewerage system

e.g. natural enzyme liquid treatment/dosing, or grease traps. If grease traps are installed they must

be maintained and cleaned properly.

Waste oil should be collected and securely stored clear of all drains.

7.4 Surface water drainage Surface water drains must be protected, where practicable, from contaminants that could lead to

water pollution or damage to marine life. Therefore whenever hazardous materials are being

transported or transferred on university premises (e.g. transfer of oil supplies or bulk pesticides,

movement of waste hazardous liquids such as solvents etc) any adjacent surface water drains

must be protected from accidental spillage.

Runoff water from compactors must not enter the surface water drainage.

Where vehicle washing is a frequent activity, it should be carried out only in areas that are isolated

from surface water drainage systems, unmade ground and porous surfaces.

8 FURTHER ADVICE AND INFORMATION The Clean and Green web site provides information on waste disposal services.

See: http://www.reading.ac.uk/cleanandgreen/recyclingandwaste/cag-

RecyclingAndWaste.aspx

The Sustainability Team can be contacted on extn. 6968/6927 or email [email protected].

Further advice on the prevention of pollution and handling of hazardous materials is available

on the Environment Agency’s web site at: http://www.environment-

agency.gov.uk/business/topics/pollution/39083.aspx

See Environment Agency guidance

http://www.reading.ac.uk/cleanandgreen/recyclingandwaste/cag-RecyclingAndWaste.aspx

http://www.reading.ac.uk/cleanandgreen/recyclingandwaste/cag-RecyclingAndWaste.aspx

mailto:[email protected]

http://www.environment-agency.gov.uk/business/topics/pollution/39083.aspx

http://www.environment-agency.gov.uk/business/topics/pollution/39083.aspx



PPG 22: Dealing with spills

PPG26 Drums and intermediate bulk containers

REFERENCES

THE EUROPEAN WASTE CATALOGUE 2002

HAZARDOUS WASTE. ENVIRONMENT AGENCY TECHNICAL GUIDANCE WM2. APRIL 2011

HTTP://PUBLICATIONS.ENVIRONMENT-AGENCY.GOV.UK/PDF/GEHO0411BTRD-E-E.PDF

ANNEX VI TABLE 3.2 OF THE CLASSIFICATION, LABELLING AND PACKAGING OF SUBSTANCES

REGULATION (CLP).

APPROVED SUPPLY LIST (7TH EDITION). INFORMATION APPROVED FOR THE CLASSIFICATION AND

LABELLING OF SUBSTANCES AND PREPARATIONS DANGEROUS FOR SUPPLY. HSE BOOKS, ISBN 0

7176 2368 8.

APPROVED GUIDE TO THE CLASSIFICATION AND LABELLING OF DANGEROUS SUBSTANCES AND

DANGEROUS PREPARATIONS (THE APPROVED CLASSIFICATION AND LABELLING GUIDE).

‘NATIONAL GUIDANCE FOR HEALTHCARE WASTE WATER DISCHARGES’ AT:

HTTP://WWW.WATER.ORG.UK/HOME/POLICY/PUBLICATIONS/ARCHIVE/INDUSTRY-

GUIDANCE/WASTEWATER-FROM-HOSPITALS/NATIONAL-GUIDANCE-HOSPITAL-DISCHARGES-

APRIL-2011-V1.PDF

SAFE MANAGEMENT OF HEALTHCARE WASTE. VERSION 2.0 ENGLAND. DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH,

MARCH 2011. DOWNLOAD AT:

HTTP://WWW.DH.GOV.UK/EN/PUBLICATIONSANDSTATISTICS/PUBLICATIONS/PUBLICATIONSPOLI

CYANDGUIDANCE/DH_126345

BS EN 12740:1999 BIOTECHNOLOGY - LABORATORIES FOR RESEARCH, DEVELOPMENT AND

ANALYSIS – GUIDANCE FOR HANDLING, INACTIVATING AND TESTING OF WASTE. BSI.




http://www.dh.gov.uk/en/Publicationsandstatistics/Publications/PublicationsPolicyAndGuidance/DH_126345

http://www.dh.gov.uk/en/Publicationsandstatistics/Publications/PublicationsPolicyAndGuidance/DH_126345



Appendix 1: Hazardous Properties Wastes on the European Waste Catalogue are hazardous if they have one or more of the following

hazardous properties:

H1 Explosive: substances and preparations which may explode under the effect of flame or

which are more sensitive to shocks or friction than dinitrobenzene.

H2 Oxidizing: substances and preparations which exhibit highly exothermic reactions when in

contact with other substances, particularly flammable substances.

H3A Highly flammable

- liquid substances and preparations having a flash point below 21°C (including extremely

flammable liquids), or

- substances and preparations which may become hot and finally catch fire in contact with

air at ambient temperature without any application of energy, or

- solid substances and preparations which may readily catch fire after brief contact with a

source of ignition and which continue to burn or be consumed after removal of the source

of ignition, or

- gaseous substances and preparations which are flammable in air at normal pressure, or

- substances and preparations which, in contact with water or damp air, evolve highly

flammable gases in dangerous quantities.

H3B Flammable: liquid substances and preparations having a flash point equal to or greater

than 21°C and less than or equal to 55°C.

H4 Irritant: non-corrosive substances and preparations which, through immediate, prolonged

or repeated contact with the skin or mucous membrane, can cause inflammation.

H5 Harmful: substances and preparations which, if they are inhaled or ingested or if they

penetrate the skin, may involve limited health risks.

H6 Toxic: substances and preparations (including very toxic substances and preparations)

which, if they are inhaled or ingested or if they penetrate the skin, may involve serious,

acute or chronic health risks and even death.

H7 Carcinogenic: substances and preparations which, if they are inhaled or ingested or if they

penetrate the skin, may induce cancer or increase its incidence.

H8 Corrosive: substances and preparations which may destroy living tissue on contact.

H9 Infectious: substances and preparations containing viable micro-organisms or their toxins

which are known or reliably believed to cause disease in man or other living organisms.

H10 Toxic for reproduction: substances and preparations which, if they are inhaled or ingested

or if they penetrate the skin, may induce non-hereditary congenital malformations or

increase their incidence.

H11 Mutagenic: substances and preparations which, if they are inhaled or ingested or if they

penetrate the skin, may induce hereditary genetic defects or increase their incidence.

H12 Waste which releases toxic or very toxic gases in contact with water, air or an acid.



H13 Sensitizing: substances and preparations which, if they are inhaled or if they penetrate the

skin, are capable of eliciting a reaction of hypersensitization such that on further exposure

to the substance or preparation, characteristic adverse effects are produced. [As far as

testing methods are available].

H14 Ecotoxic: waste which presents or may present immediate or delayed risks for one or more

sectors of the environment.

H15 Waste capable by any means, after disposal, of yielding another substance, e.g. a leachate,

which possesses any of the characteristics above.



Appendix 2: Summary of threshold concentration limits for hazardous waste (for disposal via waste contractors)

HAZARD RISK

PHRASE

RISK CONCENTRATION PERCENTAGE H

CODE

Highly

Flammable

R6 / R7/ R8 /

R12 / R13 /

R14

Highly flammable /

spontaneously

combustible/reacts with

water

Flash Point equal to

or less than

21o C FP H3-A

Flammable R10 Flammable Flash Point equal to

or less than

>21o C to 55

o

C

FP H3-B

Very Toxic R26 / R27 /

R28

Very toxic by

inhalation/contact with skin

/ if swallowed

≥

0.1 % H6

Toxic R23 / R24 /

R25

Toxic by inhalation/contact

with skin / if swallowed ≥

3 % H6

Harmful R20 / R21 /

R22

Harmful by

inhalation/contact with skin

/ if swallowed

≥

25 % H5

Corrosive R35 Causes severe burns ≥ 1 % H8

Corrosive R34 Causes burns ≥ 5 % H8

Irritant R41 Risk of serious damage to

eyes ≥

10 % H4

Irritant R36 / R37 /

R38

Irritating to eyes / skin /

respiratory system ≥

20 % H4

Carcinogenic 1

or 2

R45/ R49 Limited evidence of a

carcinogenic effect ≥

0.1 % H7

Carcinogenic 3 R40 Limited evidence of a

carcinogenic effect ≥

1 % H7

Toxic for

reproduction

Cat 1 or 2

R60 / R61 Risk of impaired

fertility/harm to unborn

child

≥

0.5 % H10

Toxic for

reproduction

Cat 3

R62 / R63 Risk of impaired

fertility/harm to unborn

child

≥

5 % H10

Mutagenic Cat

1& 2

R46 May cause heritable genetic

damage ≥

0.1 % H11

Mutagenic Cat

3

R68 Possible risk of irreversible

effects ≥

1 H7



Appendix 3: Hazardous waste storage requirements and disposal routes via waste contractor

Category of hazardous waste Disposal route Colour coding

All hazardous waste must be kept secure pending disposal off campus i.e. in locked storage.

Incompatible materials must be segregated, and if practical, stored separately e.g. do not store flammables

with oxidisers. See Safety Note 61 on storage of laboratory chemicals.

Collection and disposal by the University waste contractor is organised via the Sustainability Team at

Campus Services.

LIQUIDS

Solvents – must be classified as:

– non halogenated

- halogenated

- acidified/toxic

Hazardous waste – incineration.

Keep separate from other waste streams. Keep each

solvent waste stream separate, do not mix. Keep safe

from fire.

Put into suitable secure container, label with yellow

waste label, arrange for collection by university waste

contractor.

Must be stored in a way that will prevent any spills or

leaks reaching water courses, drains or causing land

contamination e.g. with spill trays, secondary

containment, in a bunded store. Emergency

procedures and facilities must be available in case of

spills e.g. spill kit, drain covers, trained staff.

NB Solvents may also be sent to a specialist

organisation off site for recovery.

NB When necessary, small amounts of dilute washings

may be disposed of via the drains (with copious

amounts of water) in the light of a responsible

assessment of the risks. Dilution of higher

concentrations is NOT permissible.

Yellow waste label

Other hazardous liquids e.g. lab chemicals

acids, alkalines

VOCs

formalin and formaldehyde

hydrogen peroxide

ethidium bromide solution

ethanol, acetone, methanol,

propanol, butanol and other

flammable liquids

oil-based paints inks

etching solutions

developing & fixing

solutions

paint remover

Hazardous waste – incineration.

Put into suitable secure container, leak-proof, label

with yellow waste label, arrange for collection by

university waste contractor.




containment, in a bunded store. Emergency

procedures and facilities must be available in case of

spills e.g. spill kit, drain covers, trained staff.

NB where quantities are very small and the

concentration is dilute, some washings may be

Yellow waste label

If cytotoxic/

cytostatic see CoP 14

Part 7 Clinical and

Biological Waste –

use Purple waste

stream for

incineration.




disposed of to drain. However dilutions of higher

concentrations is not permissible.

cytotoxic/cytostatic

medications (including

washings from rinsing of

containers)

pH value <5 or >9

Chemical sludges

e.g. from: cleaning of pilot scale

electroplating processes investment casting slurry

testing hot oil baths

Hazardous waste. Store separately in appropriately labelled leak-proof containers. The labels should indicate the possible hazards for disposal as hazardous waste. Arrange disposal via university waste contractor.

NB Solids, sludges and viscous substances must not be put down the sink – they may block the flow of sewage, and cause pollution.

Yellow waste label

Oil waste Hazardous waste – incineration.

Must not be disposed of to drain.



contractor.




containment, in a bunded store.

Contaminated and uncontaminated oil must be

stored in separate containers. Contaminated oil must

be labelled with details of the contaminants.

Emergency procedures and facilities must be

available in case of spills e.g. spill kit, drain covers,

trained staff.

NB Some waste oils may be recovered for

recycling/re-use. Segregate according to type, for

recovery as a recycled commodity, or as fuel oil.

Place food oils such as vegetable oil, lard or shortening in the general waste or in a food oil recycling container.

Yellow waste label

Spent photographic and radiographic solutions

Hazardous waste – may be appropriate to recover the silver content, as follows: Installation of low-voltage electrolysis cell in the

laboratory drain. Sending the solutions off site to organisations

specialising in the recovery of silver.

If neither option is practice – dispose off as hazardous waste.

Yellow waste label

Pesticides Return to supplier; or dispose of through the Yellow waste label




University waste contractor as hazardous waste.

Must never be disposed of to a soakaway, drain or

watercourse.

OR If practical, apply dilute pesticide washings to a

crop.

Dispose of to land under an Environment Agency

permit.

Treat pesticide solution or washings in a lined

biobed - must register an exemption with the EA.

Red and Black list substances Hazardous waste.

Must not be disposed of to drain.



contractor.

Yellow waste label

SOLIDS

Chemicals and heavy metals

(solids)

Hazardous waste – normally incineration, alternative

may be hazardous waste landfill.

Neutralise if practicable, seal in appropriate

container.



contractor.

Emergency procedures and facilities must be

available in case of spills e.g. spill kit, trained staff.

Yellow waste label

Contaminated silica waste

or respirable silica





contractor.

Yellow waste label

Carbon nanotube (CNT) waste Hazardous waste – incineration.

Double wrap in sealed polythene bags.

NB guidance is interim, pending publication of

revised HSE guidance.

Yellow waste label

Chemically contaminated lab

supplies (empty containers

with chemical residues,

glassware, contaminated gloves

and tissues, plastics and plastic





contractor.

Yellow waste label or

yellow bag(e.g.

contaminated gloves

& tissues)




containers) OR

Contaminated plastics and glassware -

decontaminate, remove all labels, put in black bin

waste or send for recycling if a route exists e.g. via the

manufacturer.

OR

Decontaminate, put in “Tiger” waste

(if lab supplies in black bin waste could cause offence

or alarm as being recognisable laboratory supplies,

Tiger waste stream should be used).

NOTE: any equipment/materials that are deemed

to be ‘disposable’ such as gloves, must not be

decontaminated and re-used.

Yellow/black

See CoP 14 Part 7

for more info on

Tiger waste

Chemically contaminated

glassware

Hazardous waste – normally incineration.



contractor.

OR

Empty reagent bottles in good condition may be re-used within the laboratory after thorough cleaning and removal of old labels or, by arrangement with suppliers, returned for reuse.

OR

Decontaminate, remove any labels, put in general

black bin (suitably wrapped to prevent injury).

NB Lab glassware is NOT suitable for recycling.

Yellow waste label

Low melting point alloys

Hazardous waste.

If alloys with melting points of the order of 70 to 150oC contain significant quantities of cadmium, waste material should not be mixed with other metal waste but should be held separately for recovery or disposal by university waste contractor.

Yellow waste label

Medicinal and pharmaceutical

products, controlled drugs

Medicinal waste (non cytotoxic or non cytostatic) –

normally incineration.

Includes medicinal products, drugs, vaccines and sera, & discarded items contaminated with medicinals, such as bottles or boxes with residues, gloves, masks, connecting tubing, syringe bodies and drug vials.

Put into suitable secure container, label with Blue waste label, arrange for collection by university waste

Blue bin




contractor.

Cytotoxic and cytostatic medicinal waste

See CoP14 Part 3. Classed as hazardous waste – for incineration.

Purple bag/bin

Sharps

Hazardous waste – incineration if chemically contaminated (see CoP 48 Clinical and biological waste)

Hazardous waste – incineration or alternative treatment if not chemically contaminated

Waste scalpel blades, syringes and needles should be stored for disposal in rigid sharps containers. Disposal via university waste contractor. NB see Safety Code of Practice 14 Part 7.

Yellow sharps bin if

contaminated with

non-cytotoxic or

non-cytostatic

medicines or other

hazardous chemicals

Orange sharps bin

for other sharps

Powders and salts

Dispose of as hazardous waste via the University hazardous waste contractor.

These materials can obstruct the flow of sewage, and must not be disposed of to drain.

Yellow waste label

Resins Hazardous waste - place separately in containers, label to indicate the possible hazards for disposal as hazardous waste.

Synthetic resins and resin components, whether fully cured or not, should not be mixed with general non-hazardous waste for disposal.

Yellow waste label

Batteries (lead acid) Put in safe storage area, raise disposal request with

Clean and Green to arrange collection and disposal.

Must be stored in a way that will contain any leakage

e.g. drip tray.

None

Compressed gas cylinders

(hazardous gases)

If practicable, return to supplier.

Otherwise, put in safe storage area, raise disposal

request with Clean and Green to arrange collection

and disposal as hazardous waste.

None

Hazardous electrical and

electronic equipment (WEEE)

IT equipment may be recovered for recycling – raise

a disposal request with Clean and Green.

Refrigeration equipment must be degassed by

specialist company before eventual disposal or

recycling. The department requiring disposal must

ensure the fridge/freezer is decontaminated of

microbiological agents, chemicals, radioactive

isotopes and other hazardous substances before

collection by Clean and Green.

Fluorescent tubes and low energy light bulbs - raise

a disposal request with Clean and Green.

None




Put in safe storage area, raise disposal request with

Clean and Green to arrange collection and disposal.

Asbestos Must be stored securely to prevent escape.

Disposal is normally via the University preferred

asbestos contractors who are instructed to undertake

asbestos removal and remediation works.

Contact the University Asbestos Co-ordinator for

advice on removal/disposal.

Place in red bag,

label as ‘Warning –

contains asbestos’.

Biological and Clinical waste – See Code of Practice 14 Part 7 for details of waste disposal requirements for

clinical and biological waste.

Radioactive materials – See Safety Guides 16 to 19.



Appendix 4: Example of a chemical waste label



Appendix 5: Example of hazardous waste disposal form

Department

Health and Safety Services

Contact Name

A. N. Other

Location of waste store

Next to JJ Thomson loading bay (external store)

Contact No.

Ext xxxx

Local Project Code

A1234567

Contact for Collection

Phil Vincent: Ex 0000

Hazard

code

(as per

annex A)

Substance (including

concentration where

known)

Type of container and

capacity

e.g 25 litre Winchester

Number of

containers

Total Quantity of

Substance to be

disposed (e.g

mls/litres/g/kg

H4 Sodium dithionite 1Kg can 2 1.25Kg

H6 Sodium Azide solution 500ml glass bottle 1 10ml



Appendix 6: Guidance on disposal to sinks in laboratories This guidance has been derived from National Guidance of Healthcare Waste Water

Discharges. Where there is a parallel between university work and the healthcare setting,

this guidance may be followed. The full healthcare document is available for download at:

http://www.water.org.uk/home/policy/publications/archive/industry-guidance/wastewater-from-

hospitals/national-guidance-hospital-discharges-april-2011-v1.pdf)

See also Appendix 7 on banned substances. If sink disposal is not permitted, see Appendix 2 for

instructions on appropriate disposal routes and requirements.

CHEMICAL PERMITTED UNDER

NORMAL OPERATING PROCEDURE

TO BE QUERIED BEFORE

DISCHARGE

FORBIDDEN

1-Butanol

2 mercaptoethanol

2,6-DCIP

2,6-dichloroindophenol(Na)

2M Sulphuric acid

3,3'-Diaminobenzidine tetra HCl

3M sodium acetate

4-Aminobenzoic acid

Acetic acid

Acetic anhydride

Acetone

Acetonitrile

Acetonitrile LCMS grade

Acetyl Coenzyme A sodium salt

Acetylcholine Chloride

Acid alcohol (1%, 0.45%)

Acid fuchsin

Acridine orange

Acridine orange (powder)

Activated Charcoal

Adenosine 5' triphosphate

Adenosine 5' triphosphate disodium

Agarose

Alanine

Albumin, bovine serum

Alcian Blue

Alcian green

Alpha Cellulose

Aluminium oxide

Amino black 10B

Ammonium acetate








DISCHARGE

FORBIDDEN

Ammonium dihydrogen orthophosphate

Ammonium Hydrogen Carbonate

Ammonium persulfate

Ammonium sulphate

Ammonium thiocyanate

Ampicillin

Aniline blue

Aniline hydrochloride

Ascorbic acid

BactoPepto agar

Barium hydroxide

Basic fuchsin

Benzoic acid

Benzyl alcohol

Bile salts

Biocleanse

Biotin

Blood agar Base

Blue dextran

Boric Acid

Bovine serum

Bovine serum albumin

Brilliant green

Bromothymol Blue

Bromphenol blue indicator dye

BSA standard

Buffer solution (borate) pH 8.0

Buffer solution (citrate) pH 6.0

Butan-1-ol

Calcium carbonate

Calcium chloride

Calcium hydroxide

Calcium lactate

Calcium oxalate

Calcium pantothenate

Calcium phosphate (hydroxyapetite)

Calcium silicate

Canadian balsam in xylene






DISCHARGE

FORBIDDEN

Carbol fuchsin

Casein hydrolysate

Catalase

Cedar wood oil

Cellulose (Sigmacell)

chloroform

Chloros

Citrate phosphate buffer

Citric acid

Concanavalin A

Coomasie Blue

Copper (II) chloride

Copper Nitrate

Copper sulphate

Creatine

Crystal violet concentrate

Cytochrome C

D Biotin

D(+)-Glucose

Dextran

Decon 90

Di potassium hydrogen orthophosphate

Di sodium EDTA dihydrate

Di sodium hydrogen orthophosphate

Di sodium hydrogen orthophosphate dihydrate

Di sodium hydrogen orthophosphate dodecahdrate

Diaminobenzedene

Di-ammonium hydrogen orthophosphate

Diethyl Ether

Diethyl pyrocarbonate

Dimethyl sulphoxide

Dimethyldichlorosilane

Dimethylformamide

Dipotassium EDTA

Di-Potassium Hydrogen Orthophosphate (anhydrous)

di-Potassium hydrogen orthophosphate trihydrate

di-Sodium disulphite

Disodium EDTA

Disodium EDTA dihydrate

Disodium hydrogen orthophosphate






DISCHARGE

FORBIDDEN

Disodium tetraborate

Dithiothreitol

DL-Diothiothreitol

DL--Hydroxybutyric acid sodium salt

D-Mannitol

DNA ladder

DNA Loading buffer (Orange G)

DPX

Dried skimmed milk

EDTA

EDTA (Disodium salt)

EDTA di potassium salt

EDTA-Tetraacetic Acid

Eosin

Erythromycin

Ethanol

Ether/ diethyl ether

Ethidium bromide

Ethyl acetate

Fast Green FCF

Fast Violet Salt

Ferrous Sulphate

Ficoll

Fluorescein

Foetal calf serum

Folic acid ((Vitmix18)

Folins reagent

Formaldehyde

Formamide

Formic Acid

Gelatin

Gentamicin

Giemsa

Giemsa stain

Glacial acetic acid

Gram’s Iodine

Glucose

Glutamic acid

Glycerol

Glycine

Guanidine hydrochloride

Haematoxylin






DISCHARGE

FORBIDDEN

HEPES

Hexane

Hexanoic acid

Horse radish peroxidase

Hydrazine hydrate

Hydrochloric Acid

Hydrogen peroxide

Hydroxypyruvic acid

Hypochlorous acid

Imidazole

Immersion oil

IMS

Indian Ink

Inosine

Inositol

Iodine

Iron (lll)chloride 6 hydrate

Iron nitrate 9-hydrate

Isoamyl alcohol

Isopropanol

Kanamycin

Kaolin

L Cysteine

L cysteine hydrochloride

L Methionine

Lactic acid

Lactophenol

Lactophenol aniline blue

L-Amino Acids

L-Ascorbate

L-Ascorbic acid

Laurel sulphate (Sodium dodecyl sulphate SDS)

L-Cystine

Leishmans’s stain

Leupeptin

L-glutamic dehydrogenase

Liquid nitrogen

Liquid paraffin

Iodine

Lysozyme

Magnesium carbonate (light)

Magnesium chloride






DISCHARGE

FORBIDDEN

Magnesium chloride hexahydrate

Magnesium phosphate

Magnesium Sulphate

Malachite green

Maleic acid

Manganese (II)oxide

Mercuric chloride

Methanol

Methyl Violet 6B

Methylene Blue

Milk powder

Mineral oil

MOPS buffer concentrate

N,N,N',N' Tetramethyl-p-phenylenediamine

N,N-dimethyl formamide

N-1-naphtyl-ethylene diamine hydrochloride

NADH

NADPH

Napthalene Black Stain

Nessler's reagent

Neutral red 1% aqueous

Niacinamide

Nicotinamide (part of vitamin mix 18)

Nicotinic acid

Nigrosin

Ninhydrin

Nitric acid

O-phenylene diamine

o-Phenylenediamine dihydrochloride

Orthoboric acid

Orthophosphoric acid

Oxalic acid

Oxaloacetatic acid

OXOID Blood agar base

Palmitoyl coenzyme A Lithium salt

Pantothenic Acid

para aminobenzoic acid (PABA)

Paraffin wax

Penicillin

Pepsin

Perchloric acid

Periodic Acid






DISCHARGE

FORBIDDEN

Peroxidase

Phenazine methosulphate

Phenol

Phenolphthalein

Phenylhydrazine HCL

Phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride

Phosphate buffer pH 6.8/7.2

Phosphate buffered saline (concentrate and working solution)

Phosphorous pentoxide

Phosphotungstic acid

Polyethylene glycol

Polyoxyethylene Sorbitan Monolaurate

Polyvinylpolypyrrolidone

Polyvinyl-pyrolidone

Potassium aluminium sulphate

Potassium bicarbonate

Potassium carbonate

Potassium carbonate anh.

Potassium Chloride

Potassium Cyanide

Potassium dichromate

Potassium dihidrogen orthophosphate

Potassium Ferricyanide

Potassium hydrogen carbonate

Potassium hydroxide

Potassium iodide

Potassium permanganate

Potassium phosphate

Potassium sodium tartrate

Potassium sulphate

Potassiun chloride

Propan-1-ol

Propan-2-ol

Propylene oxide

Proteinase K

Pyridoxal 5-phosphate

Pyridoxal hydrochloride

Pyridoxine

Rhodamine 6G

Riboflavin

Ringer's solution

Rotenone






DISCHARGE

FORBIDDEN

S-(5'-adenosyl)-L-methionine chloride

Safranin

Saline

Saponin

Sarcosine oxidase

Schiff’s Reagent

Sephadex

Serum albumin

Silica (silicon dioxide)

Silica gel

Silver nitrate

Sodium acetate

Sodium acetate trihydrate

sodium azide

Sodium bicarbonate

Sodium borohydride

Sodium carbonate

Sodium chlorate

Sodium Chloride

Sodium citrate

Sodium cyanide

Sodium deoxycholate

Sodium dihydrogen citrate

Sodium dihydrogen orthophosphate

Sodium Dithionite ( Sodium Hydrosulphite)

Sodium dodecyl sulphate

Sodium formate

Sodium glycollate

sodium hydroxide

Sodium hydroxide 0.1N

Sodium hypochlorite

Sodium hypophosphite

Sodium metabisulphite

Sodium molybdate

Sodium nitrite

Sodium Oxalate

Sodium phosphate

Sodium pyruvate

Sodium salicylate

Sodium Sulphate

Sodium sulphite

Sodium tetraborate






DISCHARGE

FORBIDDEN

Sodium thiosulphate

Sodium tungstate

Sorbitol

SSC buffer

Sterile horse blood

S-Sulphosalicylic acid

Streptomycin

Succinic acid

Sucrose

Sudan Black

Sudan lll

Sumascale

Sulphanillic acid

Sulphuric acid

TAE buffer

Tannic acid

TBS

Teepol

tert-Butanol

Tetramethylbenzidine

Thiamine hydrochloride

Thioctic acid

Thiomerosal

Thionin

Thymidine

Thymol

Tocopheral acetate (D alpha)

Toludine Blue

Toluene

tri Potassium phosphate

Tri sodium citrate

Trichloroethylene

1,1,1 -trichloroethane

Trichloracetic acid

Triethanolamine

Trifluoroacetic acid

tri-Potassium citrate

Tris

TRIS

Tris Borate EDTA buffer

Tris buffer

Tris edta

Tris(hydroxymethyl)-methylamine






DISCHARGE

FORBIDDEN

Tris-HCl buffer

Tri-Sodium Citrate

tri-Sodium orthophosphate

TritonX100

Trizma Base

Trizma HCL

Trizma hydrochloride

Trypan blue

Trypsin

Trypticase soy agar

Tryptophan DL

Tryptose agar

Tryptose broth

Tween 20

Tween 80 Polyoxyethylene sorbitan mono-oleate

Ultraclear

Urea

Uric acid

Vancomycin

Virkon

Vitamin A

Vitamin B12

Vitamin D2 Calciferol

Vitamin E

Vitamin H

Vitamin K

Wright's stain

Xylene

Yeast extract

Zinc (powder)

Zinc acetate

Zinc chloride

Zinc sulphate

Zinc sulphate heptahydrate

β NADPH



Appendix 7: Prescribed substances that must not be discharged to drain The European Commission ‘Black List’, from the Dangerous Substances Directive 76/464/EEC

Organohalogen compounds and substances which may form such compounds in the aquatic

environment

Organophosphorus compounds

Organotin compounds

Substances in respect of which it has been proved that they possess carcinogenic in or via the

aquatic environment

Mercury and its compounds

Cadmium and its compounds

Persistent mineral oils and hydrocarbons of petroleum origin, and

(for the purpose of implementing Articles 2, 8, 9 and 14 of this Directive) persistent synthetic

substances which may float, remain in suspension or sink and which interfere with any use of

the water.

The “Red List” from the UK Trade Effluent (Prescribed Processes and Substances) Regulations

1989

Mercury and its compounds

Cadmium and its compounds

gamma-Hexachlorocyclohexane

DDT

Pentachlorophenol

Hexachlorobenzene

Hexachlorobutadiene

Aldrin

Dieldrin

Endrin

Carbon Tetrachloride

Polychlorinated Biphenyls

Dichlorvos

1, 2-Dichloroethane

Trichlorobenzene

Atrazine

Simazine

Tributyltin compounds

Triphenyltin compounds

Trifluralin

Fenitrothion

Azinphos-methyl

Malathion

Endosulfan

PLUS

Substances generated by:

any process for the production of chlorinated organic chemicals

any process for the manufacture of paper pulp



any industrial process in which cooling waters or effluents are chlorinated

any process for the manufacture of asbestos cement

any process for the manufacture of asbestos paper or board



Appendix 8: Version control

VERSION KEEPER REVIEWED APPROVED BY APPROVAL DATE

X.X H&S Every four years XXXXX XX/XX/XX

X.X H&S Annually XXXXX XX/XX/XX

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