Safety CarsSafety CarsProject #5Project #5

Introduction to TransportationIntroduction to Transportation

ObjectivesObjectives After completing this activity, students will After completing this activity, students will

be able to:be able to: Review the effects of gravity and friction on Review the effects of gravity and friction on

vehiclesvehicles Review all the support systems vehicles haveReview all the support systems vehicles have Research air bags and how safety has Research air bags and how safety has

advanced throughout the years.advanced throughout the years. State the processes involved in creating a State the processes involved in creating a

Safety Car, Bumper Design, and Roll CageSafety Car, Bumper Design, and Roll Cage

ObjectivesObjectives Create a vehicle that will support a roll cage made out Create a vehicle that will support a roll cage made out

of a copper rod that will protect an egg from breaking of a copper rod that will protect an egg from breaking when rolled down stairswhen rolled down stairs

Create a Safety car and add a front bumper using two Create a Safety car and add a front bumper using two springs and your design of a bumper. Run the car springs and your design of a bumper. Run the car down the ramp and into a wall being sure the egg down the ramp and into a wall being sure the egg doesn’t breakdoesn’t break

Create a Safety Car that is capable of traveling down a Create a Safety Car that is capable of traveling down a ramp carrying an egg while an opposing vehicle doing ramp carrying an egg while an opposing vehicle doing the same is coming down the other ramp. the same is coming down the other ramp.

Using the Wind Tunnel, test your vehicles drag and liftUsing the Wind Tunnel, test your vehicles drag and lift

ContentContent We have all either been in or have seen We have all either been in or have seen

accidents before. This project is meant accidents before. This project is meant to inform you and educate you about to inform you and educate you about vehicular safety and how you can protect vehicular safety and how you can protect yourself. It is also a chance for you to yourself. It is also a chance for you to come up with a way for your vehicle to come up with a way for your vehicle to survive an impact from another car survive an impact from another car without breaking an egg.without breaking an egg.

ContentContentAlso, you will be constructing a roll cage Also, you will be constructing a roll cage and rolling your car down stairs with an and rolling your car down stairs with an egg to see if it survives. Finally, you will egg to see if it survives. Finally, you will be constructing a bumper using springs be constructing a bumper using springs and dowel rods and rolling the cars down and dowel rods and rolling the cars down the ramp into a wall with an egg aboard to the ramp into a wall with an egg aboard to see if the egg survives your different see if the egg survives your different bumper ideas.bumper ideas.

Effects of Gravity and FrictionEffects of Gravity and Friction What role does Gravity play on your vehicle?What role does Gravity play on your vehicle?

Answer:Answer:

Gravity is a pulling force, pulling everything Gravity is a pulling force, pulling everything towards the center of the earth. When it comes to towards the center of the earth. When it comes to vehicles you can’t get rid of gravity. Car vehicles you can’t get rid of gravity. Car manufacturers know it is there and are forced to manufacturers know it is there and are forced to work around it. work around it.

Effects of Gravity and FrictionEffects of Gravity and Friction What role does Friction play on a vehicle?What role does Friction play on a vehicle?

Answer:Answer:

Friction on a vehicle can be good and bad. When it Friction on a vehicle can be good and bad. When it is raining or snowing out, we want a lot of friction is raining or snowing out, we want a lot of friction to make sure we don’t slip all over the place. Also, to make sure we don’t slip all over the place. Also, when going around sharp corners we want to make when going around sharp corners we want to make sure our momentum is not greater than friction sure our momentum is not greater than friction causing us to spin out of control. We don’t want causing us to spin out of control. We don’t want

a lot of friction when cruising down the highway a lot of friction when cruising down the highway because it reduces our gas mileage. Lets because it reduces our gas mileage. Lets compare a drag car to a standard car. What is compare a drag car to a standard car. What is making so much friction? making so much friction?

Answer:Answer:

The tires are playing a huge role in how much The tires are playing a huge role in how much friction we have. At the drag strip the tires are friction we have. At the drag strip the tires are slicks and are usually very wide allowing the slicks and are usually very wide allowing the tires to bite the pavement with minimal slip. In tires to bite the pavement with minimal slip. In this case we want a lot of friction at the this case we want a lot of friction at the beginning. On a regular car it makes no sense beginning. On a regular car it makes no sense

to have slicks because of the weather. If a to have slicks because of the weather. If a regular car had slicks on a rainy day it would regular car had slicks on a rainy day it would slide all over the place. Instead the tires have slide all over the place. Instead the tires have treads of varying patterns to help bite the treads of varying patterns to help bite the pavement. The width of the tire is usually pavement. The width of the tire is usually proportional to the amount of horsepower a proportional to the amount of horsepower a vehicle has as well. The more horsepower the vehicle has as well. The more horsepower the wider you want your tires to be. wider you want your tires to be.

So we have gravity pulling down on our vehicles So we have gravity pulling down on our vehicles causing friction between the tires and the causing friction between the tires and the pavement. We use the engines torque to help pavement. We use the engines torque to help overcome the friction giving us momentum. overcome the friction giving us momentum.

Vehicle Support SystemsVehicle Support SystemsAccording to the book “According to the book “Exploring Transportation” Exploring Transportation” by Stephen R. Johnsonby Stephen R. Johnson, one of the most obvious , one of the most obvious support systems for land vehicles is the road and support systems for land vehicles is the road and highway network. Without the system of paved highway network. Without the system of paved roads, vehicle travel would be uncomfortable and roads, vehicle travel would be uncomfortable and unsafe. Vehicles would not be able to travel at the unsafe. Vehicles would not be able to travel at the speeds they do now. speeds they do now.

Vehicle Support SystemsVehicle Support SystemsSupport systems for vehicles can be divided into five Support systems for vehicles can be divided into five

categories:categories: Related Construction-Related Construction- the structures on which vehicles the structures on which vehicles

travel (roads, highways, bridges, tunnels)travel (roads, highways, bridges, tunnels) Passenger Facilities-Passenger Facilities- the buildings and facilities that provide the buildings and facilities that provide

comfort and services to passengers (hotels, motels).comfort and services to passengers (hotels, motels). Cargo facilities-Cargo facilities- the buildings and facilities that provide the buildings and facilities that provide

loading, unloading, and storage for various types of cargo.loading, unloading, and storage for various types of cargo. Vehicle maintenance-Vehicle maintenance- those facilities designed to maintain those facilities designed to maintain

and repair vehicular systems (mechanics garages)and repair vehicular systems (mechanics garages) Other support systems-Other support systems- any other system that is needed for any other system that is needed for

safe transportationsafe transportation

Safety through Air BagsSafety through Air Bags Air bags have been around for a long time. They are a very Air bags have been around for a long time. They are a very

important life saving device that is required to be installed important life saving device that is required to be installed in every vehicle. in every vehicle.

What is an Air Bag?What is an Air Bag?

Answer:Answer:

They are gas-inflated cushions built into the steering wheel, They are gas-inflated cushions built into the steering wheel, dashboard, door, roof, or seat of your car that use a crash dashboard, door, roof, or seat of your car that use a crash sensor to trigger a rapid expansion to protect you from the sensor to trigger a rapid expansion to protect you from the impact of an accident. impact of an accident.

Safety through Air BagsSafety through Air BagsAccording to the web site: According to the web site: http://inventors.about.com/od/astartinventions/a/air_bags.htmhttp://inventors.about.com/od/astartinventions/a/air_bags.htm

In 1971, the Ford car company built an experimental airbag fleet. In 1971, the Ford car company built an experimental airbag fleet. General Motors tested airbags on the 1973 model Chevrolet General Motors tested airbags on the 1973 model Chevrolet automobile that were only sold for government use. The 1973, automobile that were only sold for government use. The 1973, Oldsmobile Toronado was the first car with a passenger air bag Oldsmobile Toronado was the first car with a passenger air bag intended for sale to the public. General Motors later offered an option intended for sale to the public. General Motors later offered an option to the general public of driver side airbags in full-sized Oldsmobile's to the general public of driver side airbags in full-sized Oldsmobile's and Buick's in 1975 and 1976 respectively. Cadillacs were available and Buick's in 1975 and 1976 respectively. Cadillacs were available with driver and passenger airbags options during those same years. with driver and passenger airbags options during those same years. Sponsored LinksSponsored Links

Early airbags system had design issues resulting in fatalities caused Early airbags system had design issues resulting in fatalities caused solely by the airbags. Airbags were offered once again as an option on solely by the airbags. Airbags were offered once again as an option on the 1984 Ford Tempo automobile. By 1988, Chrysler became the first the 1984 Ford Tempo automobile. By 1988, Chrysler became the first company to offer air bag restraint systems as standard equipment. In company to offer air bag restraint systems as standard equipment. In 1994, TRW began production of the first gas-inflated airbag. They are 1994, TRW began production of the first gas-inflated airbag. They are now mandatory in all cars since 1998. now mandatory in all cars since 1998.

Safety through Air BagsSafety through Air BagsTypes of AirbagsTypes of Airbags

There are two types of airbags; There are two types of airbags; frontalfrontal and the various and the various types of types of side-impactside-impact airbags. Advanced frontal air bag airbags. Advanced frontal air bag systems automatically determine if and with what level of systems automatically determine if and with what level of power the driver frontal air bag and the passenger frontal air power the driver frontal air bag and the passenger frontal air bag will inflate. The appropriate level of power is based bag will inflate. The appropriate level of power is based upon sensor inputs that can typically detect: 1) occupant upon sensor inputs that can typically detect: 1) occupant size, 2) seat position, 3) seat belt use of the occupant, and 4) size, 2) seat position, 3) seat belt use of the occupant, and 4) crash severity. Side-impact air bags (SABs) are inflatable crash severity. Side-impact air bags (SABs) are inflatable devices that are designed to help protect your head and/or devices that are designed to help protect your head and/or chest in the event of a serious crash involving the side of chest in the event of a serious crash involving the side of your vehicle. There are three main types of SABs: chest (or your vehicle. There are three main types of SABs: chest (or torso) SABs, head SABs and head/chest combination (or torso) SABs, head SABs and head/chest combination (or "combo") SABs. "combo") SABs.

Safety through Air BagsSafety through Air BagsAllen Breed - History of the AirbagAllen Breed - History of the Airbag

Allen Breed was holding the patent to the only crash Allen Breed was holding the patent to the only crash sensing technology available at the birth of the sensing technology available at the birth of the airbag industry. Breed invented a "sensor and safety airbag industry. Breed invented a "sensor and safety system" in 1968, the world's first electromechanical system" in 1968, the world's first electromechanical automotive airbag system. However, rudimental automotive airbag system. However, rudimental patents for airbags go back to the 1950s. Patent patents for airbags go back to the 1950s. Patent applications were submitted by German Walter applications were submitted by German Walter Linderer and American John W. Hedrik as early as Linderer and American John W. Hedrik as early as 19531953

What does a Wind Tunnel do?What does a Wind Tunnel do?

A Wind Tunnel is used to measure the amount of A Wind Tunnel is used to measure the amount of LIFT and DRAG that your vehicle has as it passes LIFT and DRAG that your vehicle has as it passes through the air. Drag is resistance holding the car through the air. Drag is resistance holding the car back, while Lift is how high the car lifts off the back, while Lift is how high the car lifts off the ground. We want to try to minimize both Lift and ground. We want to try to minimize both Lift and Drag on your vehicles to improve the speed your Drag on your vehicles to improve the speed your vehicle has. Wind is blown over your vehicle using vehicle has. Wind is blown over your vehicle using a large fan. Your vehicle is attached to a threaded a large fan. Your vehicle is attached to a threaded rod and when the wind blows over your vehicle, it rod and when the wind blows over your vehicle, it pushes your car backwards. If your vehicle is pushes your car backwards. If your vehicle is aerodynamic then the wind will blow over youraerodynamic then the wind will blow over your

What does a Wind Tunnel do?What does a Wind Tunnel do?

vehicle with little resistance. Sanding your project vehicle with little resistance. Sanding your project smooth and taking care to use vinyl or light paint smooth and taking care to use vinyl or light paint with help your project out. with help your project out.

Seat BeltsSeat BeltsWhat is a Seat Belt?What is a Seat Belt?

Answer: Answer:

According to the web page: According to the web page: http://www.crash-worthiness.com/injury/seat-belt.htmlhttp://www.crash-worthiness.com/injury/seat-belt.html Seat Seat belt injuries can occur when a defective seat belt fails to belt injuries can occur when a defective seat belt fails to adequately protect a vehicle passenger in the “second adequately protect a vehicle passenger in the “second collision” phase of an automobile accident. There are collision” phase of an automobile accident. There are thought to be two collisions in an auto accident. The first thought to be two collisions in an auto accident. The first collision is the vehicle's impact with another vehicle or collision is the vehicle's impact with another vehicle or object. The second collision is the passenger's impact with object. The second collision is the passenger's impact with the interior of the vehicle, or in cases of ejection, impact the interior of the vehicle, or in cases of ejection, impact outside the vehicle.outside the vehicle.

Seat BeltsSeat BeltsThe purpose of a seat belt is to minimize the injuries and The purpose of a seat belt is to minimize the injuries and damage caused in a second collision by reducing or damage caused in a second collision by reducing or eliminating injurious occupant contact with the vehicle's eliminating injurious occupant contact with the vehicle's interior. Seat belt injuries often occur when there is a seat interior. Seat belt injuries often occur when there is a seat belt design, production, or installation defect. The National belt design, production, or installation defect. The National Highway Traffic Safety Administration estimates that more Highway Traffic Safety Administration estimates that more than 2.9 million people suffered seat belt injuries in 2002. than 2.9 million people suffered seat belt injuries in 2002. In that same year almost 43,000 people died as a result of In that same year almost 43,000 people died as a result of seat belt injuries. The percentage of passengers who wear seat belt injuries. The percentage of passengers who wear seat belts is at a record high in our nation at 79 percent. seat belts is at a record high in our nation at 79 percent. The number of people wearing their seat belt who suffer The number of people wearing their seat belt who suffer from serious seat injuries indicates that seat belt from serious seat injuries indicates that seat belt defectiveness is often the cause of damage in these defectiveness is often the cause of damage in these accidents. In twenty percent of all rollover accidents seat accidents. In twenty percent of all rollover accidents seat belt failure is a main contributory factor to serious injury. belt failure is a main contributory factor to serious injury.

Seat BeltsSeat BeltsAlthough seat belts do save a lot of lives there are a Although seat belts do save a lot of lives there are a few times when they didn’t work properly as you few times when they didn’t work properly as you just heard. Restraint is important to minimize the just heard. Restraint is important to minimize the injury caused by the second impact. For this injury caused by the second impact. For this project, we will be using eggs to represent humans project, we will be using eggs to represent humans and you will be devising your own seat belt to and you will be devising your own seat belt to restrain the egg to the pine frame. You may use restrain the egg to the pine frame. You may use string, wire, elastics, other types of strapping string, wire, elastics, other types of strapping material. You cannot cover the egg with fabric to material. You cannot cover the egg with fabric to hold it down, the egg must be exposed showing the hold it down, the egg must be exposed showing the seat belt. Don’t tape the egg down either as the tape seat belt. Don’t tape the egg down either as the tape might rip the shell off when you take it out to show might rip the shell off when you take it out to show me if it survived. me if it survived.

Seat BeltsSeat BeltsYour vehicle with the egg on it restrained by your Your vehicle with the egg on it restrained by your seat belt will be sent down a ramp into a wall. If seat belt will be sent down a ramp into a wall. If your seat belt works you egg will stay in the vehicle your seat belt works you egg will stay in the vehicle and not break. You must also make a body for your and not break. You must also make a body for your vehicle out of cardboard. It doesn’t have to look vehicle out of cardboard. It doesn’t have to look like a specific vehicle but rather a general type. The like a specific vehicle but rather a general type. The top of your vehicle has to be open so you can get top of your vehicle has to be open so you can get your egg out and back in without having to take the your egg out and back in without having to take the body off. Cardboard needs to be along all four sides body off. Cardboard needs to be along all four sides but not the top.but not the top.

Roll Cage and Roll BarsRoll Cage and Roll BarsWhat is a Roll Cage?What is a Roll Cage?

Answer:Answer:

The next stage in stiffening the chassis is usually The next stage in stiffening the chassis is usually adding a roll cage. Though primarily a safety adding a roll cage. Though primarily a safety feature, roll cages are welded or bolted to the feature, roll cages are welded or bolted to the chassis in several places which adds to the chassis in several places which adds to the chassis' chassis' resistance to twistingresistance to twisting. There are numerous styles of . There are numerous styles of roll bars and roll cages. roll bars and roll cages.

Roll Cage and Roll BarsRoll Cage and Roll BarsWhat is the difference between a Roll Cage and Roll Bars?What is the difference between a Roll Cage and Roll Bars?

Answer:Answer:

The difference between a roll bar and cage is the complexity The difference between a roll bar and cage is the complexity of the structure, and its scope of protection. Generally, the of the structure, and its scope of protection. Generally, the roll bar's purpose is only to provide a crush resistant roll bar's purpose is only to provide a crush resistant structure above the driver's head. This is usually a single bar structure above the driver's head. This is usually a single bar with support bars to have four points of contact with the car with support bars to have four points of contact with the car chassis for strength (a two-point roll bar is useless for chassis for strength (a two-point roll bar is useless for racing). A roll cage is a more complete structure designed to racing). A roll cage is a more complete structure designed to protect the driver from all sides. Obviously, the latter is protect the driver from all sides. Obviously, the latter is safer, but may be impractical for the dual purpose street car safer, but may be impractical for the dual purpose street car as it will require significant modification to the car's interior as it will require significant modification to the car's interior panels.panels.

Roll Cage and Roll BarsRoll Cage and Roll BarsFor this project you will be starting with your block For this project you will be starting with your block of pine and creating a custom roll cage to protect of pine and creating a custom roll cage to protect your egg. You already have a seat belt design that your egg. You already have a seat belt design that will need to be modified if it didn’t work. You will will need to be modified if it didn’t work. You will then get a three foot long piece of 1/8” copper rod then get a three foot long piece of 1/8” copper rod that you will use to solder together your custom roll that you will use to solder together your custom roll cage. Your roll cage must be attached to your block cage. Your roll cage must be attached to your block of wood. You may also attach your roll cage to the of wood. You may also attach your roll cage to the body of your vehicle. The roll cage must be up at body of your vehicle. The roll cage must be up at least a ¼” above your cardboard body. This is done least a ¼” above your cardboard body. This is done to prevent you from using your cardboard body to prevent you from using your cardboard body instead of the roll cage to protect the egg. instead of the roll cage to protect the egg.

BumpersBumpersWhat is a Bumper?What is a Bumper?

Answer:Answer:

A bumper is a shield made of steel, aluminum, A bumper is a shield made of steel, aluminum, rubber, or plastic that is mounted on the front and rubber, or plastic that is mounted on the front and rear of a passenger car. When a low speed collision rear of a passenger car. When a low speed collision occurs, the bumper system absorbs the shock to occurs, the bumper system absorbs the shock to prevent or reduce damage to the car. Some bumpers prevent or reduce damage to the car. Some bumpers use energy absorbers or brackets and others are use energy absorbers or brackets and others are made with a foam cushioning material made with a foam cushioning material

BumpersBumpersWhat is the purpose of a bumper?What is the purpose of a bumper?

Answer:Answer:

The car bumper is designed to prevent or reduce The car bumper is designed to prevent or reduce physical damage to the front and rear ends of physical damage to the front and rear ends of passenger motor vehicles in low-speed collisions. passenger motor vehicles in low-speed collisions. Automobile bumpers are not typically designed to Automobile bumpers are not typically designed to be structural components that would significantly be structural components that would significantly contribute to vehicle crashworthiness or occupant contribute to vehicle crashworthiness or occupant protection during front or rear collisions. protection during front or rear collisions.

BumpersBumpersIt is not a safety feature intended to prevent It is not a safety feature intended to prevent or mitigate injury severity to occupants in or mitigate injury severity to occupants in the passenger cars.the passenger cars. Bumpers are designed to Bumpers are designed to protect the hood, trunk, grille, fuel, exhaust protect the hood, trunk, grille, fuel, exhaust and cooling system as well as safety related and cooling system as well as safety related equipment such as parking lights, headlamps equipment such as parking lights, headlamps and taillights in low speed collisionsand taillights in low speed collisions

BumpersBumpersWhat are Federal Regulations for bumpers?What are Federal Regulations for bumpers?

Answer:Answer:

49 CFR Part 581, "The bumper standard," prescribes 49 CFR Part 581, "The bumper standard," prescribes performance requirements for performance requirements for passenger carspassenger cars in in low-speed front and rear collisions. It applies to low-speed front and rear collisions. It applies to front and rear bumpers on passenger cars to prevent front and rear bumpers on passenger cars to prevent the damage to the car body and safety related the damage to the car body and safety related equipment at barrier impact speeds of 2½ mph equipment at barrier impact speeds of 2½ mph across the full width and 1½ mph on the corners. across the full width and 1½ mph on the corners.

BumpersBumpersThis is equivalent to a 5 mph crash into a parked This is equivalent to a 5 mph crash into a parked vehicle of the same weight. The standard requires vehicle of the same weight. The standard requires protection in the region 16 to 20 inches above the protection in the region 16 to 20 inches above the road surface, and the manufacturer can provide the road surface, and the manufacturer can provide the protection by any means it wants. For example, protection by any means it wants. For example, some vehicles do not have a solid bumper across the some vehicles do not have a solid bumper across the vehicle, but meet the standard by strategically vehicle, but meet the standard by strategically placed bumper guards and corner guards. placed bumper guards and corner guards.

Information from the web site:

http://www.nhtsa.dot.gov/cars/problems/studies/Bumper/Index.html

BumpersBumpersThe third stage of your project consists of your The third stage of your project consists of your vehicle having a bumper attached to it. You will be vehicle having a bumper attached to it. You will be cutting dowel rods, attaching small springs to them cutting dowel rods, attaching small springs to them and putting them into holes drilled in the front of and putting them into holes drilled in the front of your vehicle. You will then attach a custom bumper your vehicle. You will then attach a custom bumper of your design to the dowels. We will send these of your design to the dowels. We will send these vehicles down a ramp and into another vehicle vehicles down a ramp and into another vehicle coming down an opposing ramp. If your bumper, coming down an opposing ramp. If your bumper, roll cage, and seat belt do their jobs your egg should roll cage, and seat belt do their jobs your egg should survive the impacts. survive the impacts.

MaterialsMaterials Scrap woodScrap wood Pine Pine Metal Rod 1/8” diameter OR ¼” Metal Rod 1/8” diameter OR ¼”

Dowel RodDowel Rod Wood Glue/ Hot GlueWood Glue/ Hot Glue Supplies from traysSupplies from trays Machines and toolsMachines and tools

ChallengeChallenge Each student working on their own will design, sketch, and Each student working on their own will design, sketch, and

construct their own Safety Vehicle using various materials construct their own Safety Vehicle using various materials and equipment in the Construction Lab. The Sketches are and equipment in the Construction Lab. The Sketches are random ideas of your thoughts but there should be a random ideas of your thoughts but there should be a minimum of 4. From those 4 sketches select 1, draw it in minimum of 4. From those 4 sketches select 1, draw it in detail using a ruler and straight lines (no freehand drawing). detail using a ruler and straight lines (no freehand drawing). Be sure to include dimensions on your Initial Drawings. Be sure to include dimensions on your Initial Drawings. When the project is complete you will be required to When the project is complete you will be required to complete the evaluation form and do a Final Drawing. The complete the evaluation form and do a Final Drawing. The Final Drawing compares what your Safety Vehicle ended up Final Drawing compares what your Safety Vehicle ended up looking like (again, no freehand drawing, use rulers) to looking like (again, no freehand drawing, use rulers) to what you drew for your Initial Drawing. Your grade is what you drew for your Initial Drawing. Your grade is broken down into broken down into 6 parts6 parts be sure to see the Evaluation part be sure to see the Evaluation part for further explanation. for further explanation.

ChallengeChallenge Your grade for Your grade for part 1part 1 depends on how close to depends on how close to

your Initial Drawing you constructed your Safety your Initial Drawing you constructed your Safety Vehicle. The closer it resembles your Initial Vehicle. The closer it resembles your Initial Drawing, the better your grade will be. The more Drawing, the better your grade will be. The more changes you make or extra pieces you add the changes you make or extra pieces you add the lower your grade will be. The safety vehicle is a lower your grade will be. The safety vehicle is a 12” piece of pine wood that you will drill two 12” piece of pine wood that you will drill two holes in for axles. You will then cut cardboard in holes in for axles. You will then cut cardboard in the shape of your vehicle attaching it to the the shape of your vehicle attaching it to the wood. Your vehicle must resemble a car, truck, wood. Your vehicle must resemble a car, truck, or SUV. You cannot just make up a vehicle. It or SUV. You cannot just make up a vehicle. It does not have to be as detailed as the Accuracy does not have to be as detailed as the Accuracy Cars but it has to look like a car, truck or SUV.Cars but it has to look like a car, truck or SUV.

ChallengeChallengeThere are many different tests that will be conducted on There are many different tests that will be conducted on your vehicle and you will have ample time to complete each your vehicle and you will have ample time to complete each before we test. Your grade for before we test. Your grade for part 2part 2 depends on your depends on your project being tested for a seat belt. You will cut a piece of project being tested for a seat belt. You will cut a piece of wood 12” long x 4” wide. You will then drill two holes wood 12” long x 4” wide. You will then drill two holes through the piece for your axle to fit through. Next you will through the piece for your axle to fit through. Next you will drill a hole in the middle of your board being sure not to go drill a hole in the middle of your board being sure not to go all the way through it. It should be large enough to hold an all the way through it. It should be large enough to hold an egg crate in. Your egg will sit inside the egg crate which is egg crate in. Your egg will sit inside the egg crate which is in your board. Next you will be using up to 5 elastic bands in your board. Next you will be using up to 5 elastic bands to hold down your egg. The elastics are acting like a seat to hold down your egg. The elastics are acting like a seat belt. The way you wrap them around your egg determines belt. The way you wrap them around your egg determines whether it will survive or not. We will then be rolling your whether it will survive or not. We will then be rolling your project down a ramp and into the wall and see how your car project down a ramp and into the wall and see how your car does. Will it be too top heavy, front heavy, or side heavy does. Will it be too top heavy, front heavy, or side heavy causing your vehicle to flip over breaking the egg. Will causing your vehicle to flip over breaking the egg. Will your elastics hold the egg in safely or will it just pop out at your elastics hold the egg in safely or will it just pop out at impact.impact.

ChallengeChallengeFor your For your Part 3Part 3 you will again sketch and draw you will again sketch and draw an Initial Drawing with dimensions of a bumper an Initial Drawing with dimensions of a bumper design. You will have to create a bumper for the design. You will have to create a bumper for the same vehicle. You will be drilling two 3/8” same vehicle. You will be drilling two 3/8” holes in the front of your vehicles being sure to holes in the front of your vehicles being sure to make them only 4 inches deep. You will then make them only 4 inches deep. You will then insert two springs provided by me into the holes. insert two springs provided by me into the holes. You will then attach two dowel rods to the You will then attach two dowel rods to the springs. Next you will be fabricating your own springs. Next you will be fabricating your own bumper design that you feel is the safest design.bumper design that you feel is the safest design. Your bumper must wrap around the front of the Your bumper must wrap around the front of the vehicle. Your bumper is not a plow or a spike or vehicle. Your bumper is not a plow or a spike or point. Finally your bumper must attach to the point. Finally your bumper must attach to the two spring loaded dowel rods.two spring loaded dowel rods.

ChallengeChallengeWhen ready we put the egg in the crate holder again When ready we put the egg in the crate holder again securing it with up to 5 elastic bands and send it securing it with up to 5 elastic bands and send it down the ramp and into a wall in the hallway. The down the ramp and into a wall in the hallway. The idea is to test different bumper ideas and prevent the idea is to test different bumper ideas and prevent the egg from breaking. Your bumper must wrap around egg from breaking. Your bumper must wrap around the front of the vehicle. Your bumper is not a plow the front of the vehicle. Your bumper is not a plow or a spike or point. Finally your bumper must attach or a spike or point. Finally your bumper must attach to the two spring loaded dowel rods. Once this part to the two spring loaded dowel rods. Once this part is completed you will have to do Final Drawing of is completed you will have to do Final Drawing of your bumper plus the evaluation worksheet. For your bumper plus the evaluation worksheet. For Part Part 44 is to sketch and draw a roll cage on a piece of is to sketch and draw a roll cage on a piece of paper being sure to include dimensions and details. paper being sure to include dimensions and details.

ChallengeChallengeWhen you have created your safety vehicle you will be When you have created your safety vehicle you will be given a copper rod that is 3 feet long and 1/8” thick to create given a copper rod that is 3 feet long and 1/8” thick to create your roll cage. You will be bending and soldering this rod your roll cage. You will be bending and soldering this rod together and attaching it to your vehicle being sure to use up together and attaching it to your vehicle being sure to use up all 3 feet of the rod. Try not to cut it too many times to all 3 feet of the rod. Try not to cut it too many times to ensure you get all the strength. Also the cardboard sides ensure you get all the strength. Also the cardboard sides cannot be higher than the roll cage. The roll cage must be at cannot be higher than the roll cage. The roll cage must be at least a 1/4” above the cardboard body. We will then place least a 1/4” above the cardboard body. We will then place an egg inside your roll cage and roll your vehicle down the an egg inside your roll cage and roll your vehicle down the stairs leading to the library. Your vehicle must travel the full stairs leading to the library. Your vehicle must travel the full distance of the stairs to receive credit. If it stops half way distance of the stairs to receive credit. If it stops half way you must push it a little to keep it rolling. The idea is to you must push it a little to keep it rolling. The idea is to prevent the egg from breaking and learning about stress prevent the egg from breaking and learning about stress points on a roll cage. Your egg will rest on a single egg points on a roll cage. Your egg will rest on a single egg crate holder. The holder is screwed to the vehicle and egg is crate holder. The holder is screwed to the vehicle and egg is held in with elastic bands, up to 5 if needed. When this part held in with elastic bands, up to 5 if needed. When this part is completed you will have to do a Final Drawing of your is completed you will have to do a Final Drawing of your roll cage and complete the evaluation worksheet.roll cage and complete the evaluation worksheet.

ChallengeChallengeAt this point you will have a roll cage and a At this point you will have a roll cage and a bumper on your vehicle. It is time to test your bumper on your vehicle. It is time to test your vehicles designs against the rest of the class and vehicles designs against the rest of the class and this is this is part 5.part 5. You are responsible for that egg at You are responsible for that egg at all times. The egg is considered broken if there is all times. The egg is considered broken if there is fluid from the inside of the egg on the outside of fluid from the inside of the egg on the outside of the shell or your project. If there is a crack in the the shell or your project. If there is a crack in the egg but no fluid then you are still in. When egg but no fluid then you are still in. When ready we put the egg in the crate holder again ready we put the egg in the crate holder again securing it with up to 5 elastic bands and send it securing it with up to 5 elastic bands and send it down the ramp and into a classmates project that down the ramp and into a classmates project that is coming down the other ramp. You must is coming down the other ramp. You must however be able to take your egg out and put it however be able to take your egg out and put it back in every time you test your vehicle.back in every time you test your vehicle.

ChallengeChallengeIf you break your egg putting it in or taking it out of If you break your egg putting it in or taking it out of your vehicle it is counted as a broken egg and you your vehicle it is counted as a broken egg and you are done in the competition, even if you won your are done in the competition, even if you won your match. This part of the project is going to focus match. This part of the project is going to focus only on the structural support of your vehicle. Your only on the structural support of your vehicle. Your project also cannot weigh more than 1 pound with project also cannot weigh more than 1 pound with the egg in it. Remember to drill your axle holes first the egg in it. Remember to drill your axle holes first to ensure straight holes and evenly balance your car to ensure straight holes and evenly balance your car

to ensure a straight run.to ensure a straight run. There are no partners on There are no partners on this project; each student must make their own this project; each student must make their own vehicle.vehicle.

ChallengeChallenge Your grade for Your grade for part 6part 6 is the vehicles when is the vehicles when done cannot be smaller than 12” long x 4 ½” done cannot be smaller than 12” long x 4 ½” wide x 8” tall or larger than 12” long x 4 ½” wide x 8” tall or larger than 12” long x 4 ½” wide x 10” tall. You will be automatically wide x 10” tall. You will be automatically disqualified and receive a zero if it is smaller disqualified and receive a zero if it is smaller or larger in any or all of these dimensions.or larger in any or all of these dimensions. Be Be creative on this project and a nice design and creative on this project and a nice design and creative effort will only increase your grade. creative effort will only increase your grade. You must do all work You must do all work in classin class unless I give unless I give you permission to take it home. Good luckyou permission to take it home. Good luck

ProceduresProcedures Select the your favorite vehicle that isn’t too Select the your favorite vehicle that isn’t too

challenging to makechallenging to make Research it on the computer finding picturesResearch it on the computer finding pictures Print off 2 copies of each: front view, side Print off 2 copies of each: front view, side

view, rear view, top viewview, rear view, top view Cut your pine wood, wood glue it togetherCut your pine wood, wood glue it together Construct your vehicleConstruct your vehicle Practice your vehicle as often as possible Practice your vehicle as often as possible

making any changes neededmaking any changes needed

EvaluationEvaluation Sketches and Initial Drawings are a separate Sketches and Initial Drawings are a separate

grade worth 100 pointsgrade worth 100 points There is a final drawing and an reflective There is a final drawing and an reflective

worksheet that counts as a separate grade of worksheet that counts as a separate grade of 100 points100 points

See Attached RubricSee Attached Rubric Remember that there is no fooling around in Remember that there is no fooling around in

the labthe lab Always wear your safety glasses or you will Always wear your safety glasses or you will

be removed from classbe removed from class

EvaluationEvaluation Project stayed within the required Project stayed within the required

dimensionsdimensions Project survived seat belt phaseProject survived seat belt phase Project survived the bumper phaseProject survived the bumper phase Project survived the roll cage phaseProject survived the roll cage phase Project survived more than 2 rounds against Project survived more than 2 rounds against

classmatesclassmates Project looks like initial drawings with Project looks like initial drawings with

minimal changesminimal changes Student shows above average effort Student shows above average effort Student shows above average safety skillsStudent shows above average safety skills

100 Points

EvaluationEvaluation Project stayed within the required dimensionsProject stayed within the required dimensions Project survived 2 out of 3 tests (roll cage, Project survived 2 out of 3 tests (roll cage,

bumper, or seat belt)bumper, or seat belt) Project made it more than 2 rounds against Project made it more than 2 rounds against

classmatesclassmates Project looks like initial drawing with Project looks like initial drawing with

moderate changes (noticeable)moderate changes (noticeable) Student shows average effort Student shows average effort Student shows average safety skillsStudent shows average safety skills

75 points

EvaluationEvaluation Project stayed within the required Project stayed within the required

dimensionsdimensions Project survived 1 out of 3 tests (roll cage, Project survived 1 out of 3 tests (roll cage,

bumper, seat belt)bumper, seat belt) Project made it at least 1 round against Project made it at least 1 round against

classmatesclassmates Project doesn’t look like initial drawings Project doesn’t look like initial drawings

with very noticeable changeswith very noticeable changes Student shows little effortStudent shows little effort Student not allowed in class if not Student not allowed in class if not

demonstrating proper safety skills demonstrating proper safety skills

50 points