road safety & public transport - evidence from best undertaking, mumbai
TRANSCRIPT
Presented by: Mr. Victor Nagaonkar Officer on Special Duty, BEST
Road Safety & Public Transport: Evidences from BEST Undertaking, Mumbai
‘BEST’ – The Brihanmumbai Electric Supply & Transport Undertaking.
Only Agency in India providing two essential services: Distribution of electricity in the island
City of Mumbai i.e. upto Sion and Mahim.
Public transport within Mumbai Municipal limits and in some areas in Navi-Mumbai, Mira-Bhayander and Thane..
Established in 1873 as ‘The Bombay Tramways Co. Ltd’.
Name changed to ‘The Bombay Electric Supply and Tramway Co. Ltd’ in the year 1905.
Municipalized on 7th August, 1947
BEST – A Unique Institutional Arrangement
BEST – At a glance1947 2016
Depots 1 27
Fleet 275 3899
Daily Avg. effective kms. 22097 6.78Lakhs
Passengers/day 3.24 Lakhs 30 Lakhs
Earnings/day Rs.30,934 Rs.3.16 crores
No. of routes 23 503
Bloomberg Initiative for Global Road Safety (BIGRS) Challenge
Road traffic crashes account for more than 1.2 million deaths
per year i.e. 3,400 deaths every day.
Every year around 20-50 million people are severely injured in
road accidents.
Road traffic crashes will become world’s 5th leading cause of
death by 2030.
Bloomberg Initiative for Global Road Safety (BIGRS) Introduced by Bloomberg Philanthropies a New York based
foundation to save lives by improving road safety in some of the
world’s biggest cities.
In 2015 phase II launched in 5 countries and 10 cities
Countries - China, India, Philippines, Thailand, Tanzania
Cities - Accra- Ghana, Addis Ababa- Ethiopia, Bandung- Indonesia,
Bangkok- Thailand, Bogota- Colombia, Fortaleza- Brazil, Ho Chi Minh-
Vietnam, Mumbai- India, Sao Paolo- Brazil, Shanghai- China
Timeline : 5 years beginning early 2015.
Benefits to participant cities: Three Senior level full time staff persons to work within city governments for 5 years.
Free, comprehensive technical assistance from world’s leading safety organisations.
Free training for police officers and other relevant city staff.
Free technical assistance to create hard hitting mass media campaigns.
Membership to an elite global partnership of cities recognised for outstanding work in
advancing public health and safety.
$100,000 in program funds upon successfully reaching predetermined goals at the end
of the first year.
Contribution by participant cities: Design and full implement a 5 year Road Safety Initiative with emphasis on the 3 ‘E’s
Engineering Education Enforcement Creation of a High-Level Task Force to plan and implement the initiative.
Data sharing and Surveillance.
BIGRS – Timeline, Benefits and Contribution by Participants
Partner Based in ExpertiseEMBARQ – Part of World Resource Institute
Washington, DC
Sustainable urban transport, design and planning, mass transit
Global New Car Assessment Program
London Conducting independent research and crash test programs in emerging markets.
Global Road Safety Partnership – Part of International Federation of Red Cross
Geneva, Switzerland
Training police on road safety laws.
Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health
Baltimore, Maryland
Surveillance and evaluation of road safety risk factor interventions and post crash trauma services.
National Association of City Transportation Officials (NACTO)-
New York Exchange of ideas, best practices in urban planning, road design.
The Union North America Mass Media assistance
Global Road Safety Facitility(GRSF) – World Bank
Geneva, Switzerland
Assessing high risk roads, funding and advisory services, policy recommendations.
World Health Organisation (WHO)
Geneva, Switzerland
Road safety legislation, training on road safety and publish Global Status Report on road safety
Bloomberg Philanthropies Road Safety Partners – support to cities.
MOU between Bloomberg Philanthropies and Government of Maharashtra
Stake holders in Road Safety for Mumbai City Engineering: Brihanmumbai Municipal Corporation
• Chief Engineer Roads & Traffic
• Health Department
• Education Department
• Public Relations
Education and Enforcement: Mumbai Traffic Police
Transport Commissioner / RTA
BEST
BEST also considered for Institutional strengthening as: Largest Public Transport Body amongst all selected cities
catering to 30 Lakh commuters and
a fleet strength of about 4000 buses.
BIGRS – Mumbai City
Road Safety Initiatives taken by BEST can be summarised into a 3 pronged approach:
Accident • Accident data analysis• Crash Investigation analysis• Strengthening of accident department• Bus modification
Training• In house – Induction and Refresher training.• Lectures by transport Experts• Self meditation and health related sessions• Personal councelling• Online monitoring & punitive action
Safe Infrastructure• Case study of one Bus Terminus
Road Safety Initiative – A 3 pronged approach by BEST
Involvement in BEST Fatal Accidents Period from 2009 to 2016
Category Total % Pedestrians 106 44.92 Motor Cycle/ M-Cyclist 67 28.39 Passengers 14 5.93 Cyclist 14 5.93 Pillion Rider 11 4.66 Scooterist 10 4.24 Others (Auto Rickshaw Driver, Taxi Dr & pass) 7 2.97 Staff 7 2.97
TOTAL 236
The most venerable road users are pedestrians and two wheelers. Out of 236 fatalities 184 i.e. 77.97 % are pedestrians, motor cyclist and pillion riders
Road Safety Initiative by BEST – Accident data analysis
FINDINGS OF FATAL ACCIDENTS OF M/CYCLE & BUS
YearM/Cyclist &
Pillion involved
Knocked down by the bus
Came in Contact
Dashed to the bus
Skidded/slipped
Lost Balance
Dashed to the divider
& lost balance
Tried to overtake in narrow road
width
2009 to 2016 78 13 24 12 15 8 1 5
% 16.67 30.77 15.38 19.23 10.26 1.28 6.41
Contact with bus No. of incidents % Back Left Side 63 27.39Front Left Side 53 23.04
Front Right Side 46 20.00Back Right Side 32 13.91
Middle Left 13 5.65Middle Right 7 3.04
NA- Allegations on Dr. 7 3.04Front Middle Portion 4 1.74
Front Side/ Only Left Side 3 1.30Back Centre Position 1 0.43
Back side 1 0.43
Fatal accident occurrence at rear side is more, i.e. 97 cases out-of 230 (42.17%). The reasons are blind corners & field of vision of Bus Drivers
Road Safety Initiative by BEST – Accident data analysis
Point of contact in accidents
Blind spot experiment for BEST Buses in straight position was carried-out in November 2015 with WRI Representatives and field of vision on standard buses was observed as follows-
Field of vision
PLAN VIEW
LEFT HAND MIRROR VIEW
RIGHT HAND MIRROR VIEW(All Figures in Metres)
Road Safety Initiative by BEST – Accident analysis
EMBARQ /WRI TRAINING ON CRASH INVESTIGATION FORM AND DATA CODING
WRI designed ‘Crash Data Investigation’ Forms to evaluate accidents.
WRI and J.P. India Research Pvt Ltd. imparted training on scientific accident investigation to determine the contributing factors of accidents viz. Infrastructure, Vehicle, Improper Driving habit, Non-compliance to Legal Requirements, Pedestrian Behavior etc.
Developed and implemented Accident Data Coding systems for faster and proper MIS of accidents.
All information of fatal accidents collected in the form of photos of accident spot, damages of vehicles, injuries etc. for proper efvaluation
Road Safety Initiative by BEST – Crash Investigation analysis
During the process of new body building of buses, the side mirrors of buses is modified to cover maximum blind spots and clear the vision of Bus Drivers.
Left side
Right side
Road Safety Initiative by BEST – Bus modification
Yoga & Meditation classes are being
conducted since October 2013.
‘Yoga’ Center’ developed at Traffic Training
Center, Dindoshi with NGOs like Prajapita
Brahmakumari, Sri Sri Ravishankar for Stress
Management of Bus Drivers.
Lecture on ‘Road Safety’ by RTO Officers and
other transport experts are organized to
develop safe and defensive driving habits.
Regularly counseling regarding accident
prevention is done to Bus Drivers and Bus
Conductors at depots and terminii
Accident Prevention Van is being utilized for
effective counseling.
Road Safety Initiative by BEST – Training
Accident Prevention Checks are conducted at different operational hours to reduce bad driving habits.
Service Records of Bus Drivers are regularly scrutinised to find-out Accident Prone Drivers.
Strict action is initiated against erring Bus Drivers.
Breath Analyser machines procured to detect drunk driving cases.
Plans to reduce Refresher Course Training cycle to Bus Drivers on ‘Road safety’ from the present 6 years to 3 - 4 years.
Plans to introduce Depot Level Safe Driving Training which will contain 4 modules:
• Driver Responsibility, • Good Driving Habits – Signage & Regulations, • Defensive Driving, • Journey & Fatigue Management – Accident Response & Mitigation Issues .
Plans to conduct Training to Trainers’ program with the help of WRI and professionals from Hubert Ebner to strengthen Depot Level training on ‘Road safety’.
Road Safety Initiative by BEST – Training
Re-design Objectives
Phase1 Improve pedestrian safety and environment while accessing the terminal.
Rationalise bus circulation for safer bus movement within the terminal.
Reorganise terminal layout to reflect existing movement and flow in order to
enhance safe flow of buses and pedestrians.
Provide better terminal facilities and improve safety for BEST staff.
Provide amenities for the users to ensure safety and usability within the
terminal.
Phase 2 Integration with commercial component.
Safe Infrastructure – Dindoshi Bus Station
Fatal Accidents (Year 2009-10 to 2015-16)
YEAR NO. OF ACCIDENTS FATALATIES
2009-10 43 43
2010-11 47 47
2011-12 26 26
2012-13 30 31
2013-14 31 33
2014-15 24 25
2015-16 29 31
TOTAL 230 236
In the year 2015-16 fatal
accidents have reduced by
32.56% and fatalities by
27.91 % as compared to
the year 2009-10.
Road Safety Initiative by BEST – Improvement
Year No. of Accidents No. of Persons injured
2009-10 210 221
2010-11 202 225
2011-12 148 181
2012-13 163 199
2013-14 119 152
2014-15 85 105
2015-16 77 80
TOTAL 1004 1163
In the year 2015-16, serious personal injury accidents have reduced by 63.33 %
whereas injuries have reduced by 63.81% as compared to the year 2009-10.
Road Safety Initiative by BEST – Improvement
Serious Personal Injuries (Year 2009-10 to 2015-16)
Period Fatal Serious Minor TOTAL
From To Acc. Fatalities Accidents Collisions SPI MPI Accidents Collisions MPI ACC. INJURIES
Apr-09 Mar-10 43 43 210 19 221 36 512 98 565 882 822
Apr-10 Mar-11 47 48 202 19 225 5 506 71 592 845 822
Apr-11 Mar-12 26 26 148 17 181 10 581 68 705 840 896
Apr-12 Mar-13 30 31 163 31 199 67 467 79 557 770 823
Apr-13 Mar-14 31 33 119 25 152 46 425 100 515 700 713
Apr-14 Mar-15 24 25 85 20 105 16 267 116 326 512 447
Apr-15 Mar-16 29 31 77 5 80 7 228 125 270 464 357
TOTAL 230 236 1004 136 1163 187 2986 657 3530 5013 4880
Overall Accidents (Year 2009-10 to 2015-16)
In the year 2015-16, overall accidents have reduced by 47.39% and injuries have reduced by 56.57% as compared to the year 2009-10.
SPI- Serous Personal Injury, MPI- Minor Personal Injury
Road Safety Initiative by BEST – Improvement
Addressing road safety issues through re-design of Dindoshi Bus Station
DINDOSHI BUS STATION
Road Safety Initiative by BEST – Safe Infrastructure
ACCESS TO TERMINAL
Large median gap allowing undefined movement and turns
Dindoshi Bus Station – Ground Realities
Poor access: vending activities hinder pedestrian access / movement
Dindoshi Bus Station – Ground Realities
Single entrance point for buses and pedestrians
Dindoshi Bus Station – Ground Realities
Boarding-alighting activity onto a bus in motion or a stationary bus in the centre of the terminal
Dindoshi Bus Station – Ground Realities
Haphazard parking within the terminal increases risk while pulling into and out of parking spot
Dindoshi Bus Station – Ground Realities
Interchanging passengers are forced to walk across the open terminal layout
Dindoshi Bus Station – Ground Realities
Re-design Objectives
Phase1 Improve pedestrian safety and environment while accessing the terminal.
Rationalise bus circulation for safer bus movement within the terminal.
Reorganise terminal layout to reflect existing movement and flow in order to
enhance safe flow of buses and pedestrians.
Provide better terminal facilities and improve safety for BEST staff.
Provide amenities for the users to ensure safety and usability within the
terminal.
Phase 2 Integration with commercial component.
Safe Infrastructure – Dindoshi Bus Station
