review set unit 2, lesson 1 “the immune system”

Review SetUnit 2, Lesson 1

“The Immune System”

• When virus particles enter a person’s body, the body responds by following a specific pattern. Which of the following steps happens earliest in the fight against an invading virus?

• A. Viral particles are engulfed by macrophages.• B. B cells divide to make cells that can make antibodies.• C. Helper T cells recognize the viral antigens on

macrophages.• D. Killer T cells recognize viral antigens and destroy the

infected cells.

• When virus particles enter a person’s body, the body responds by following a specific pattern. Which of the following steps happens earliest in the fight against an invading virus?

• A. Viral particles are engulfed by macrophages.• B. B cells divide to make cells that can make antibodies.• C. Helper T cells recognize the viral antigens on

macrophages.• D. Killer T cells recognize viral antigens and destroy the

infected cells.

Which of the following are part of your body’s first line of defense against pathogens? (circle all that apply)A. SkinB. NoseC. AntibodiesD. MouthE. Eyes

• What are two ways that the human body can build immunity to a disease?

• A. become infected with the disease; receive a vaccine

• B. make antigens; be injected with a killed or weakened pathogen

• C. initiate rapid or uncontrolled cell division; secrete oil from skin glands

• D. make T cells and B cells that remember a pathogen; develop an allergic reaction

• What are two ways that the human body can build immunity to a disease?

• A. become infected with the disease; receive a vaccine

• B. make antigens; be injected with a killed or weakened pathogen

• C. initiate rapid or uncontrolled cell division; secrete oil from skin glands

• D. make T cells and B cells that remember a pathogen; develop an allergic reaction

Macrophages tell the _________ to turn up the heat in your body.A. BrainB. LungsC. HeartD. Liver

• Sally visits Megan’s house to play with Megan’s new kitten. Within a few minutes, Sally’s nose is runny and she is sneezing. What is most likely causing Sally’s symptoms?

• A. Sally caught a cold from Megan.• B. Sally caught a virus from the cat.• C. Sally is developing an autoimmune disease.• D. Sally is having an allergic reaction to the cat.

• Sally visits Megan’s house to play with Megan’s new kitten. Within a few minutes, Sally’s nose is runny and she is sneezing. What is most likely causing Sally’s symptoms?

• A. Sally caught a cold from Megan.• B. Sally caught a virus from the cat.• C. Sally is developing an autoimmune disease.• D. Sally is having an allergic reaction to the cat.

Your body quickly produces antibodies to protect you against a second infection because of A. Helper T cells.B. Killer T cells.C. Memory B cells.D. Macrophages.

• Sam went to the doctor when he was feeling sick. The doctor told him to stay home and wash his hands regularly because his illness could easily be spread to other people. Which of these diseases did Sam most likely have?

• A. cancer• B. tuberculosis• C. food poisoning• D. type 1 diabetes

• Sam went to the doctor when he was feeling sick. The doctor told him to stay home and wash his hands regularly because his illness could easily be spread to other people. Which of these diseases did Sam most likely have?

• A. cancer• B. tuberculosis• C. food poisoning• D. type 1 diabetes

• Mr. Lane went to the doctor and found out that he had a noninfectious disease. What could have caused his disease?

• A. bacteria in food that he ate• B. a mutagen in his environment• C. parasites in his drinking water• D. a virus passed from another person

• Mr. Lane went to the doctor and found out that he had a noninfectious disease. What could have caused his disease?

• A. bacteria in food that he ate• B. a mutagen in his environment• C. parasites in his drinking water• D. a virus passed from another person

• Which item is an example of a contagious viral disease?

• A. common cold • B. ringworm• C. strep throat • D. tuberculosis

• Jake is helping clean the garage. When he sweeps a dusty corner, he sneezes and his eyes water. Which of the following best describes his body’s response to the dust particles?

• A. an external defense• B. an internal defense• C. an immune disorder• D. an inflammatory response

• Jake is helping clean the garage. When he sweeps a dusty corner, he sneezes and his eyes water. Which of the following best describes his body’s response to the dust particles?

• A. an external defense• B. an internal defense• C. an immune disorder• D. an inflammatory response

A cancer forms when __________ can’t keep up with uncontrolled cell division.A. Killer B cellsB. Killer T cellsC. Memory B cellsD. Macrophages

• Which of the following would most likely cause an immune deficiency disorder?

• A. rapid or uncontrolled cell division• B. a pathogen impairs the body’s immune

system• C. the production of macrophages by the

immune system• D. an allergic reaction to an ordinarily

harmless substance

• Which of the following would most likely cause an immune deficiency disorder?

• A. rapid or uncontrolled cell division• B. a pathogen impairs the body’s immune

system• C. the production of macrophages by the

immune system• D. an allergic reaction to an ordinarily

harmless substance

• Which of the following is an immune system disorder?

• A. measles• B. influenza• C. pollen allergy• D. common cold

• Which of the following is an immune system disorder?

• A. measles• B. influenza• C. pollen allergy• D. common cold

• When Kristen was five, she became sick with chickenpox and then recovered. Why is Kristen unlikely to get chickenpox a second time?

• A. Kristen has not developed antibodies to chickenpox. • B. Kristen has developed a vaccination against

chickenpox.• C. Kristen’s body no longer contains cells that can be

damaged by chickenpox. • D. Kristen’s body has memory cells that will produce

antibodies to fight chickenpox.

• When Kristen was five, she became sick with chickenpox and then recovered. Why is Kristen unlikely to get chickenpox a second time?

• A. Kristen has not developed antibodies to chickenpox. • B. Kristen has developed a vaccination against

chickenpox.• C. Kristen’s body no longer contains cells that can be

damaged by chickenpox. • D. Kristen’s body has memory cells that will produce

antibodies to fight chickenpox.

Which of the following are true of cancer? (circle all that apply)A. It spreads through the body’s circulatory

system.B. It can be treated with radiation or drugs.C. It always leads to death.D. It disrupts the normal activities of organs it

has invaded.

Which of the following are true of cancer? (circle all that apply)A. It spreads through the body’s circulatory

system.B. It can be treated with radiation or drugs.C. It always leads to death.D. It disrupts the normal activities of organs it

has invaded.

• Which term refers to a disease caused by an uncontrolled growth of body cells?

• A. virus• B. cancer• C. antigen• D. immunity

• Which term refers to a disease caused by an uncontrolled growth of body cells?

• A. virus• B. cancer• C. antigen• D. immunity

HIV destroysA. Helper T cells.B. Macrophages.C. Killer T cells.D. Memory B cells.

• Which series includes three pathogens that cause infectious diseases?

• A. bacteria, fungi, and parasites• B. parasites, mutagens, and fungi• C. mutagens, viruses, and bacteria• D. viruses, bacteria, and environmental

factors

• Which series includes three pathogens that cause infectious diseases?

• A. bacteria, fungi, and parasites• B. parasites, mutagens, and fungi• C. mutagens, viruses, and bacteria• D. viruses, bacteria, and environmental

factors

• Which item is an example of a contagious fungal disease?

• A. HIV• B. ringworm• C. tuberculosis• D. food poisoning

• Which item is an example of a contagious fungal disease?

• What is a vaccine?• A. a protein that can attack pathogens or tag antigens

for destruction by blood cells• B. a weakened pathogen that can infect the body only

with a weakened form of a disease• C. a substance prepared from a killed or weakened

pathogen that helps build the body’s immunity to a disease• D. a type of white blood cell that remembers a specific

pathogen and can produce antibodies to fight that pathogen

• What is a vaccine?• A. a protein that can attack pathogens or tag antigens for

destruction by blood cells• B. a weakened pathogen that can infect the body only

with a weakened form of a disease• C. a substance prepared from a killed or weakened

pathogen that helps build the body’s immunity to a disease

• D. a type of white blood cell that remembers a specific pathogen and can produce antibodies to fight that pathogen

• The bacterium Borrelia burgdorferi is the cause of Lyme disease. Certain types of ticks carry the bacteria. Which of the following describes the method through which humans can contract the disease?

• A. animal to person• B. person to person• C. environmental factors• D. contaminated water or food

Your body constantly fights against _________ with a built in defense system.A. germsB. fluC. pathogensD. bacteria

• Which term refers to a disease in which the immune system attacks the body’s own cells?

• A. allergy• B. cancer• C. immune deficiency• D. autoimmune disease

• Which term refers to a disease in which the immune system attacks the body’s own cells?

• A. allergy• B. cancer• C. immune deficiency• D. autoimmune disease

A vaccineA. kills bacteria.B. kills germs.C. Is prepared from killed or weakened

pathogens that are introduced into the body.D. Is prepared from living, active bacteria then

introduced into the body.

A vaccineA. kills bacteria.B. kills germs.C. Is prepared from killed or weakened

pathogens that are introduced into the body.

D. Is prepared from living, active bacteria then introduced into the body.

• Which of the following would most likely cause a noninfectious disease?

• A. using a locker room shower• B. being exposed to cigarette smoke • C. drinking unfiltered water from a

mountain stream• D. eating food that has been sitting out for

a long time

• Which of the following would most likely cause a noninfectious disease?

• A. using a locker room shower• B. being exposed to cigarette smoke • C. drinking unfiltered water from a

mountain stream• D. eating food that has been sitting out for

a long time

• How do T cells and B cells help build the body’s immunity to disease?

• A. T cells and B cells are skin cells that secrete oils which kill pathogens as they come in contact with the body’s surface.

• B. T cells and B cells attach themselves to antigens, gradually absorbing each antigen until it is no longer a threat to the body.

• C. When a body is exposed to a certain pathogen, T cells and B cells remember that pathogen and produce antibodies to fight that pathogen.

• D. Scientists extract T cells and B cells from a killed or weakened pathogen; when injected into a body, these cells trigger the body to make antigens for that pathogen.

• How do T cells and B cells help build the body’s immunity to disease?

• A. T cells and B cells are skin cells that secrete oils which kill pathogens as they come in contact with the body’s surface.

• B. T cells and B cells attach themselves to antigens, gradually absorbing each antigen until it is no longer a threat to the body.

• C. When a body is exposed to a certain pathogen, T cells and B cells remember that pathogen and produce antibodies to fight that pathogen.

• D. Scientists extract T cells and B cells from a killed or weakened pathogen; when injected into a body, these cells trigger the body to make antigens for that pathogen.

Why is it important to clean and care for cuts on your skin?A. To stop bleeding.B. To allow the band aid to stick to the skin.C. It could become infected and slow healing.D. You would become more likely to develop a

• The fungus Trichophyton is usually the cause of athlete’s foot. Sometimes people contract this disease after using public showers. Which of the following describes the method through which the disease is most often transmitted?

• A. through the air• B. animal to person • C. from food or water• D. from contaminated objects

• The fungus Trichophyton is usually the cause of athlete’s foot. Sometimes people contract this disease after using public showers. Which of the following describes the method through which the disease is most often transmitted?

• A. through the air• B. animal to person • C. from food or water• D. from contaminated objects

What function do T cells, B cells, and macrophages have in common?

What function do T cells, B cells, and macrophages have in common?• defends the body against pathogens• description of immune response, including entry of

pathogen or foreign particle and roles of three specified cells (e.g., If pathogens enter the body, macrophages engulf and digest them; T cells coordinate the response and attack infected cells; B cells make antibodies that bind to viral antigens on the viruses and mark the viruses for destruction; etc.)

If you had lived in the 1600’s, you probably would have believed people got sick becauseA. an unseen organism made them sick.B. their diet wasn’t healthy. C. they didn’t get enough rest.D. they were being punished.

To convert Fahrenheit to Celsius, which of the following formulas should be used?A. First subtract 32 from the F temperature, then

multiply by 5, then multiple by 9.B. First multiply the C temperature by 9, then divide by

5, then add 32.C. First subtract 32 from the C temperature, then

multiple by 5, then divide by 9.D. First subtract 32 from the F temperature, then

multiply by 5, then divide by 9.

To convert Fahrenheit to Celsius, which of the following formulas should be used?A. First subtract 32 from the F temperature, then

multiply by 5, then multiple by 9.B. First multiply the C temperature by 9, then divide by

5, then add 32.C. First subtract 32 from the C temperature, then

multiple by 5, then divide by 9.D. First subtract 32 from the F temperature, then

multiply by 5, then divide by 9.

How can you be infected by a pathogen? (circle all that apply)A. By touching a doorknob after a sick person

does.B. By playing with a dog that has ringworm.C. By shaking hands with a sick person.D. By drinking contaminated water.

How can you be infected by a pathogen? (circle all that apply)A. By touching a doorknob after a sick person

does.B. By playing with a dog that has ringworm.C. By shaking hands with a sick person.D. By drinking contaminated water.

How are vaccines and antibiotics used for different purposes?

How are vaccines and antibiotics used for different purposes?Vaccines are used to help your body develop immunity to a disease that could later infect it. Antibiotics are used to kill bacteria or slow the growth of bacteria that are already in the body.

review set unit 2, lesson 1 “the immune system”

Documents

infected cells

killer t cells

helper t cells

memory b cells

viral antigens

persons body

human body

allergic reaction macrophages