Under Supervision Of Dr Elavenil .S

EXPERIMENTAL STUDIES ON ENGINEERING PROPERTIES OF CONCRETE WITH SEA SHELLS AS AGGREGATES

By:-T. Narayana GaneshReg No:- 13mst1026VIT UNIVERSITY ( SECOND REVIEW) Under The Supervision of Prof. V. Vasugi Dept of Civil EngineeringObjective & ScopeEffort towards preserving natural fine aggregate for future generation and the idea of using sea shells initiated studies on possibility of integrating it in concrete production. Concrete mixes containing 10%, 15%, 20%, 25% & 30% sea shell replacement level were cast before subjected to water curing for 28 days.

Sea shells

literatures

YearAuthorTitleWORK DONE &MAJOR FINDINGS

2013

1)Amaziah Walter 2) Otunyo, Idongesit Udo Friday, and 3)Theodore Alexander IsraelExploratory Study of Crushed Periwinkle Shell as PartialReplacement for Fine Aggregates in Concrete.

The workability of the CPWS-River Sand concrete decreased with increasing content of CPWS.The strength development in CPWS-River Sand concrete became appreciably close to those of conventional fine aggregate concrete only at 50:50 CPWS:River Sand proportion for the 1:2:4 mix.

YearAuthorTitleWORK DONE &MAJOR FINDINGS

2012

K. Muthusamy and N. A. SabriCOCKLE SHELL: A POTENTIAL PARTIAL COARSEAGGREGATE REPLACEMENT IN CONCRETEThis early study found that addition of cockle shell as partial coarse aggregate replacement reduces the concrete workability owing to its shape and rougher texture.Replacement of natural coarse aggregate by cockle shell at a level of 20 % resulted in the increase of compressive strength compared to control specimen.

YearAuthorTitleWORK DONE &MAJOR FINDINGS

2012

Benjamin R. Etuk, Idongesit F. Etuk and Linus O. AsuquoFeasibility of Using Sea Shells Ash as Admixtures forConcreteThis research aims at producing pozzolonic admixtures from waste shells of periwinkle, oyster and snail. The clean shells were ashed at 800 C and analysed for chemical composition. The results show that the water consistency, initial, and final setting times of each of the cement blends were increasing with increase in percentage replacement of cement with each of the shell ashes.

YearAuthorTitleWORK DONE &MAJOR FINDINGS

2009

1) Olufemi Isaac AGBEDE and 2) Joel MANASSEHSuitability of Periwinkle Shell as Partial Replacement for River Gravel inConcretePeriwinkle shells can be used as a lightweight aggregate in concrete works. Hence lower dead loads in concrete construction.The workability of periwinkle-gravel concrete is reduced with increasing content ofperiwinkle shells.The strength development in periwinkle-gravel concrete is similar to those of conventionalgravel concrete.

YearAuthorTitleWORK DONE &MAJOR FINDINGS

2013

1) L. O. Ettu, 2) O. M. Ibearugbulem, 3) J. C. Ezeh, and 4) U. C. Anya A reinvestigation of the prospects of using periwinkle shell as partial replacement for granite in concrete As much as 75% replacement could still produce concrete of satisfactory strength for structural members under mild conditions of exposure, given good supervision of the concrete making process. Lower percentage replacements would be suitable for worse conditions of exposure.Usage of perwinkle shells is beneficial in coastal communities where the soils have relatively low bearing capacities.

MethodologyProcurement: Sea shells are found in marine environment especially in seas. They can be procured from the beaches in abundantCasting of concrete: Concrete cubes are casted for 14, 21 & 28 days. The natural sand is replaced by sea shells crushed to fine powder and is replaced gradually at 10%, 15%, 20%, 25% & 30%. Similarly cylinders are casted in the same manner.

Testing & property Study: The cubes and cylinders casted are subjected to various tests for knowing their properties at different proportions.Results & Discussions: Properties of the concrete samples containing sand as fine aggregate with that of the samples containing sea shell powder are compared and will be discussed.

MethodologyMIX DESIGN CALCULATIONSGrade of cement = 53 grade cement (Jaypee cement)Size of coarse aggregate = 20 mmw/c ratio = 0.45Adopted w/c ratio = 0.42Workability = 100mm(slump)Specific Gravity of cement = 3.15 Specific Gravity of CA = 2.74Specific Gravity of FA = 2.61Specific Gravity of water = 1Exposure Condition = mild

Target mean strength = Fck = fck + t*s = 38.25N/mm2Adopted w/c ratio = 0.42Water content for 100 mm slump = 186+(6/100)*186 = 197litresAfter 10% reduction due to addition of super plasticizer water content = 177.3 litres.Cement content = 177.3/0.42 = 422.14 kg/m3.Volume of concrete = 1 m3Volume of cement = [422.14/3.15] x [1/1000] = 0.134 m3Volume of water = [177.3/1] x [1/1000] = 0.177 m3Volume of all in aggregates (e) =a (b + c) = 1 (0.131 + 0.186) = 0.689 m3Volume of coarse aggregates = e x Volume of CA x specific gravity of CA = 0.689 x 0.61 x 2.74 x 1000 = 1151.5 kg/m3Volume of fine aggregates = e x Volume of FA x specific gravity of FA = 0.689 x 0.39 x 2.61 x 1000 = 701.33 kg/m3

Partial Replacement Calculations For a single cube (150mm x 150mm x 150mm)0% replacement = 2.366 kg10% replacement with sea shells quantity = 0.236kg15% replacement with sea shells quantity = 0.354 kg20% replacement with sea shells quantity = 0.473 kg25% replacement with sea shells quantity = 0.591 kg30% replacement with sea shells quantity = 0.709 kg Total sea shell aggregate content = 2.363 kg

Partial Replacement Calculations For a single cylinder (100mm dia x 200mm ht)0% replacement = 1.101kg10% replacement with sea shells quantity = 0.110 kg 15% replacement with sea shells quantity = 0.165 kg20% replacement with sea shells quantity = 0.2202 kg 25% replacement with sea shells quantity = 0.275 kg 30% replacement with sea shells quantity = 0.330 kg Total sea shell aggregate content = 1.1 kg

Mix contentsfor m30 mixMass of Cement in kg/m3422.14Mass of Water in kg/m3177.3Mass of Fine Aggregate in kg/m3701.33Mass of Coarse Aggregate in kg/m31151.5Super Plasticizer usedConplast SP 430Mass of super plasticizer in kg/m32% of weight of the cement = 8.44Mix Ratio 1 : 1.66 : 2.7Conplast SP430It is a high performance superplasticizing admixture.Provides excellent acceleration of strength gain at early ages and major increases in strength at all ages by significantly reducing water demand in a concrete mixAdvantagesMajor increases in strength at early ages withoutincreased cement contents.Makes possible major reductions in water:cement ratiowhich allow the production of high strength concretewithout excessive cement contents.

16Conplast SP430

Work done so far

Concrete cubes with 10% replacement are casted to obtain compressive strength for 14 days.Design mix for control concrete has been done and the cubes are casted for test on compression.Similarly cylinders are casted in same manner and are subjected for tensile testing after curing for desired period.The results of these cubes and cylinders are compared with work done for partial replacement of fine aggregates as mentioned earlier.

Thank You

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