History and education of

Somaliland research

By

Abdulkadir sugal

Master of engineering management

PROFILE OF SOMALILAND ( SOMALILAND IS NOT SOMALIA)

Capital: hargaisa, population: 5 million

Official language: Somali, Arabic

Government: presidential constitution republic

Independence from British 26-06-1960, Somalia 18-may-1991

UNDERSTANDING OF SOMALILAND

Somaliland was the former British Somaliland protectorate and gained its full independence on June, 26, 1960.

Meanwhile, thirty five countries of the world states recognized Somaliland immediately after independence , hence only five days later, on 1 July 1960, Somaliland chose to unite with Somalia with the aim of creating a "Greater Somalia"

UNDERSTANDING OF SOMALILAND

Unfortunately, the union tuned into a disappointment for

the people of Somaliland because it ushered in two

decades of political subjugation and ten years of armed

struggle against southern domination.

The Republic of Somaliland restored its

independence after the total collapse of Somalia on

18 May 1991 as a result of the civil war of the late

eighties and early nineties. The decision was made

by the Congress of Council of Clan Elders held in

Burao from 27 April to 15 May, 1991.

Constitutionally, the Republic of Somaliland is a

democratic country with a multi-party system.

WHY SOMALILAND WANT TO SEPARATE SOMALIA ?

Somaliland was colonized by the British, Somali was

colonized by Italy. Somaliland chose to unite with

Somalia with the aim of creating a "Greater Somalia“

therefore people of somaliland faced unshared like

political, resource, development

If somaliland looks back 30 years of the ill fated union

with Somalia, there will not be a single benefits it

gained with this ill fated union

The people of somaliland are happy to be where there

are today, and they have thousands of reasons to

leave the failed union .

WHY SOMALILAND WANT TO SEPARATE SOMALIA ?

Neither Somalia president nor Somali people are able to tell the people of somaliland a single benefits or

reason to remain the union !!!!!

In this period, there is generation gap:

the young somaliland generation who were born 1991 have no knowledge about Somalia, just somaliland

Somaliland had been away from rest of Somalia for the last 22 years

SOMALILAND IS A SELF-DECLARE

1

• Somaliland is a self-declare since 1991 and will be for ever ,The region then declared independence in 1991. Since then, it has held four peaceful elections.

2

• Somaliland , is a country that cleared the symbols it can be one of the countries around the world

SOMALILAND ECONOMY

The country has one of the most thriving

economies in Africa,

agriculture being the back borne especially

livestock, the production of cereals and

horticulture. It also has a hugely diverse

quantities of mineral deposits across the

country.

The main currency used is the Somaliland

shilling (SlSh) which is regulated by the

Bank of Somaliland.

SOMALILAND GOVERNMENT

The government consists of three branches which are: the Legislative, the

Executive and the Judiciary. The separation

of the powers of these branches are as set out in

the Constitution. Each branch exercises independently the exclusive powers

accorded to it under the Constitution.

Executive Branch

The President

The Vice

President

The Cabinet

Legislative Branch

House of

Representatives

House of Elders

Judiciary Branch

SOMALILAND SECURITY AND ARMY

Somaliland is a peace full and democracy

country

Has enough army and security to keep

and situation of the country

Has powerful army to keep the movement

of the sea of somaliland

Has no pirates in somaliland coasts

SOMALILAND EDUCATION AFTER 1991

By 1991 the infrastructure of Somaliland, on the eastern

horn of Africa along the Red sea, had been completely

destroyed by three years of armed struggle with

Somalia's dictator Siyad Barre.

Struggling to rebuild its infrastructure after years of

civil war with Somalia, Somaliland saw its first

university inaugurated in 1996 and has been steadily

building its higher education system ever since. While

significant challenges remain, higher education is

booming as each year thousands of school-leavers pin

their hopes on the country's universities and colleges.

SOMALILAND EDUCATION

The education system is divided into preschool education, primary education, secondary education, post-secondary education and tertiary education

Education may be obtained from the multilingual public school system, which provide free education for all somalilanders

By law, primary education is compulsory. As in many Asia-Pacific countries such as the Republic of Korea, Singapore, Malaysia and Japan

SOMALILAND EDUCATION

The Ministry of Education has achieved a myriad of successes as pertains to the development of Education in the country since 1998.

. In the year of 2002 Ministry of Education had executed the following articles:

Focused on to get free university education for Orphanages, veterans Children's (Sooyaal).

increased Internal Education donations (Internal Scholarships) to the local Students.

HIGHER EDUCATION

Currently there are several colleges and more than 18

public or government universities and more then 15

private universities in Somaliland (each of the country's

six governorates has at least one university). In terms

of being able to offer higher education,

Many of the universities are affiliated with foreign

universities and examination bodies. For example,

medical students at Amoud University sit for exams

from England,

CURRICULUM & SYLLABUS OF FIRST DEGREE

As I said somaliland has post-secondary it means

every student must get at least for one year foundation

before bachelor. so all first degree have less more then

curriculum like Philippines school

For example:

ARTS SCHOOLS like business and management have

120-125 of total credit hours or units for three years

Engineering schools are 135-145 of total credit hours or

units for four years

On the other hand somaliland syllabus system is British

system

SOMALILAND ENGINEERING SCHOOLS

Introduction: Engineering education is the activity

of teaching knowledge and principles related to the

professional practice of engineering. It includes the

initial education for becoming an engineer and any

advanced education and specializations that follow.

Engineering education is typically accompanied by

additional examinations and supervised training as the

requirements for a professional engineering license.

Therefore somaliland universities had achieved great

improvement for engineering courses

SOMALILAND ENGINEERING SCHOOLS

The somaliland school of Engineering is well-known in the industry for its integration of practical, hands-on training and theoretical learning.

All schools have challenge between them and get more labs to improve their engineer student as well as challenge how to get higher rang ,

For engineering students make mostly mini project working as software by their assignment each code subjects

PRACTICAL AN ENGINEERING

Engineering students are to complete 800 hours (100

days) of practical work in engineering industry.

You are encouraged to complete the practical

work before you commence the fourth Professional

year. Each department has different requirements for

the types of work that are acceptable. In order to get

work credited,

You must complete 800 hours of practical work as part

of the (Hons) programme, and submit reports about

your work.

WHY SOMALILAND GOVERNMENT FOCUS ON

ENGINEERING ?

Somaliland government want to be a good industrial

country after few coming years

The population of the country is only 5 million and the

country need some extra power like industrial

Somaliland has no full recognized from other

international community therefore it can be stay

without recognized like Taiwan if somaliland focus on

engineering schools and we must improve our

thoughts

SUMMARY

Somaliland is a small country that has no full

recognized from international community but

getting development by each sector such as

economy, education, political and so on.

The people of somaliland gained experience

what happen in Somalia and they improve

what they are, no matter that still somaliland

not recognized country

REFERENCE…

http://www.interpeace.org/publications/somali-region/58-peace-in-somaliland-english

http://www.somalilandsun.com/index.php/component/content/article/3778-somaliland-beautiful-unspoiled-and-peaceful-country-picturespeak

Somaliland law books

Minister of education of somaliland

Somaliland government website