research in 5g technologies at nokia networks

Research at Nokia Networks Research at Nokia Networks Research at Nokia Networks Research at Nokia Networks

Phil FlemingCTO of North AmericaNokia Networks

09/05/20151 © Nokia 2014

5G Day atMIT Wireless CenterMay 8, 2015

� 5G Overview and Requirements

�Air Interface for 5G

� sub 6GHz

� cm-wave (6-30 GHz)

� mm-wave (30-100 GHz)

�Massive MIMO

� Architecture Options

OutlineOutlineOutlineOutline

09/05/20152 © Nokia 2015


�5G Proofs-of-Concept and Demonstrators

�Standards Timeline

�Summary and Next Steps

Nokia Networks Nokia Networks Nokia Networks Nokia Networks –––– Key factsKey factsKey factsKey facts

>120

Net sales in 2014

100+

Telecomsexperiencein years

Countrieswe operate in

145

Total public LTE references

no.2

Global market share in telecommuni-cation services

09/05/20153 © Nokia 2015

11.2>50,000no.1 no. 3

>120Ranking, macro base station vendor competitiveassessment

Global market share in mobile radio

Employeesglobally

bn

€

100+ 1452

The Evolution of Cellular CommunicationsThe Evolution of Cellular CommunicationsThe Evolution of Cellular CommunicationsThe Evolution of Cellular CommunicationsHigher capacity, lower latency and a more consistent, reliable experience

Real-time control

Monitoring & sensing

NextGen media

4G

?

Tactile

MTC

1msTactile

2020

2010

09/05/20154 © Nokia 2015

Multimedia

2G

1G

Text

Mail

Voice

3G

Push & pull of technology

M2M

10ms

100ms

Audio

Visual

1980

2000

1990

5G will expand the human possibilities of the connect world5G will expand the human possibilities of the connect world5G will expand the human possibilities of the connect world5G will expand the human possibilities of the connect world

10-100 10 000

M2M

100 Mbps>10 Gbpsavg. goodput

Ultra Ultra Ultra Ultra

x more devices

peak data rates

x more traffic

ThroughputThroughputThroughputThroughput

3D video – 4K screens

Industry & vehicular automation

Gigabytes in a second

Augmented realitySmart city cameras

Work and play in the cloud

Voice

09/05/20155 © Nokia 2015

Ultra-dense(Low power) Wide area Crowd Outdoor

Mission-critical wireless control and automationGB transferred in an instantA trillion of devices with different needs

10 years10 years10 years10 yearson batteryon batteryon batteryon battery

<1 ms

M2M Ultra Ultra Ultra Ultra reliabilityreliabilityreliabilityreliabilityultra low cost

latency# of Devices;# of Devices;# of Devices;# of Devices;CCCCost; Powerost; Powerost; Powerost; Power

Latency;Latency;Latency;Latency;ReliabilityReliabilityReliabilityReliability

Sensor NW


Self Driving Car

Voice

Mission critical broadcast

5G technologies under study5G technologies under study5G technologies under study5G technologies under study

Re

liab

ility –

Fle

xib

ility

New waveformsNew waveformsNew waveformsNew waveformsand modulationsand modulationsand modulationsand modulations

Must be justified by gains, compatibility with MIMO essential

CentimeterCentimeterCentimeterCentimeter----Wave andWave andWave andWave andMillimeterMillimeterMillimeterMillimeter----WaveWaveWaveWave

Spectrum access, for dense deployments

Massive MIMO and Massive MIMO and Massive MIMO and Massive MIMO and massive beam formingmassive beam formingmassive beam formingmassive beam forming

3 to 6 GHz: Spectral efficiency (MIMO),

>> 6 GHz: path gain and beamforming

Sp

ect

rum

acc

ess

an

d e

ffic

ien

cy

09/05/20156 © Nokia 2015

Flexible NetworkingFlexible NetworkingFlexible NetworkingFlexible Networking

Local gateway/services

Per-service tailored feature set (mobility, QoS, latency etc.)

Radio virtualizationRadio virtualizationRadio virtualizationRadio virtualization

Parts of radio will be virtualized, need for specialized L1 HW may still persist

MultiMultiMultiMulti----RAT integrationRAT integrationRAT integrationRAT integration

5G is integrating novel and existing radio access technologies

Fle

xib

ility –

Sca

lab

ility

and beamforming

De

plo

ym

en

tS

pe

ctru

m a

cce

ssa

nd

eff

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5G system vision5G system vision5G system vision5G system visionA symbiotic integration of novel and existing access technologies

4G ‘massive mobile data and M2M’

3G ‘voice, video and data’

5G Wide area deployments

Scalable service experience anytime and everywhere

For peopleFor peopleFor peopleFor people:Ubiquitous connectivity

Consistent high user experience

09/05/20157 © Nokia 2015

Wi-Fi ‘best effort data’

2G ‘high quality voice and M2M’

Fixed access

Zero latency and GBps experience –when and where it matters

5G Ultra dense deployments

Unified solutionUnified solutionUnified solutionUnified solution

For operators: For operators: For operators: For operators: Tight integration of RATs

Simplified network mgmt

Smooth evolution to 5G

5G radio access to match the available new and old frequency bands5G radio access to match the available new and old frequency bands5G radio access to match the available new and old frequency bands5G radio access to match the available new and old frequency bands

LTE-A will be essential foundation of the

integrated 5G system and must continue to evolve in parallel to 5G

A new Radio Access Technology could be motivated by new

spectrum allocation (bands above 6GHz), lower latency, or specific

use cases.

09/05/20158 © Nokia 2015

1 GHz 2 GHz 6 GHz 10 GHz 20 GHz 30 GHz 60 GHz100 GHz

LTE-A evolution

5G below 6 GHz 5G cm-wave 5G mm-wave

Within WRC2015 scope

Expected to be within WRC2019 scope



� 5G < 6GHz



�Massive MIMO



09/05/20159 © Nokia 2015


�5G Proof-of-Concept (PoC) and demos



A new 5G radio interface A new 5G radio interface A new 5G radio interface A new 5G radio interface driven by new technologies driven by new technologies driven by new technologies driven by new technologies and new use cases?and new use cases?and new use cases?and new use cases?

UltraDense

Networks

5G

ThroughputThroughputThroughputThroughput

3D video – 4K screens

Gigabytes in a second

Work and play in the cloud

09/05/201510 © Nokia 2015

UltraDeep

Networks

Ultra Reliable and Low Latency

Networks

# of Devices;# of Devices;# of Devices;# of Devices;CCCCost; Powerost; Powerost; Powerost; Power

Latency;Latency;Latency;Latency;ReliabilityReliabilityReliabilityReliability

Sensor NW


Self Driving Car

Augmented realitySmart city cameras

Voice

Mission critical broadcast

Spectrum availability

30 GHz

90 GHz

Optimizing access below 6 Optimizing access below 6 Optimizing access below 6 Optimizing access below 6 GHz GHz GHz GHz while enabling access above 6 GHzwhile enabling access above 6 GHzwhile enabling access above 6 GHzwhile enabling access above 6 GHzExpanding the spectrum assets to deliver capacity and experienceExpanding the spectrum assets to deliver capacity and experienceExpanding the spectrum assets to deliver capacity and experienceExpanding the spectrum assets to deliver capacity and experience

Interferenceconditions

Antenna technologiesSpectrum

cm-wave

mm-waveUltra broadband

Several

~1 GHzcarrier bandwidth

Dynamic TDD

Low Rank MIMO/BF

� efficient beam steering

Strong

More noise limited

(70-90GHz)

Diffe

ren

t spe

ctrum

licen

sing

,sh

arin

g a

nd

usa

ge

sche

me

s

LOS

+

+

09/05/201511 © Nokia 2015

Cell sizeLOS/NLOS

300 MHz

3 GHz

10 GHz

10 cm

1m

cm-waveEnhanced Small Cells

Several~100 MHz

Dynamic TDD

Higher RankMIMO & BF

Strong interference

handling

< 6GHzWide area

Up to 100 MHz carrier bandwidth

diverse spectrum,FDD and TDD

High Rank MIMO &

beamforming

Full coverage is essential

Diffe

ren

t spe

ctrum

licen

sing

,sh

arin

g a

nd

usa

ge

sche

me

s

*) SC = Small Cells

+

+

5G PHY Layer considerations5G PHY Layer considerations5G PHY Layer considerations5G PHY Layer considerations

LTE rel 13SI /WI

5G Macro optimized(sub 6GHz)

5G E small cells(cm-wave)

5G Ultra Dense(mm-wave)

Spectrum 0.7-3.5GHz (maylikely extend)

0.5-10GHz ? 3-30GHz 30-100GHz

Carrier Bandwidth 1.4-20MHz ~ 5-40MHz ~40-200MHz ~400MHz-2GHz

Duplex FDD/TDD FDD/TDD Dynamic TDD(full duplex FFS)

Dynamic TDD

09/05/201512 © Nokia 2015

Transmit powerDL/UL

>40dBm/23dBm

>40dBm/23dBm <~30dBm /23dBm <~30dBm/23dBm

Waveform UL/DL OFDMA/SC-FDMA OFDMA/SC-FDMA * OFDMA/OFDMA SC-TDMA/SC-TDMA

Multiple access Time & frequency Time & frequency Time & (frequency) Time

Multi-antenna technology

SU/MUBeamforming and up to rank 8

SU /MUBeamforming and medium rank

SU/MUBeamforming andhigh rank

SU/MUBeamforming andLow rank

TTI 1ms ? (flexible) ~0.25ms ~0.1ms

* Other waveforms for massive MTC is FFS

5G below 6 GHz

09/05/201513 © Nokia 2015

5G Air Interface for Below 6 GHz 5G Air Interface for Below 6 GHz 5G Air Interface for Below 6 GHz 5G Air Interface for Below 6 GHz Main technology components

Advanced non-scheduled access• Use of advanced receivers and collision

avoidance/recovery protocols for improved massive access performance

New waveforms• E.g. ZT-S-OFDMA to mitigate asynchronous

inband/outband interference without need of complex filters

Flexible frame design

Unified 5G air interface design

Flexible link and air

interface

Advanced Rx/Tx and

MIMO

Native HetNetsupport

Top-3 Technology Components

09/05/201514 © Nokia 2015

SW demo 1H16additionally “native

HetNet support”

SW demo 2H15“flexible link and air-interface” &

“advanced Rx/Tx and MIMO”

Flexible frame design• Support for different PHY numerologies and

TTI sizes to most efficiently carry different services

• Short TTI size for reduced latencyAdvanced MIMO• Scalable MIMO from few to many antennas• adv. interference aware Rx and CSI• Efficient adaptation between MIMO modesNative HetNet support• Efficient multi-node coord. And connectivity• Support for distributed and centralized radio

implementations, e.g. remote radio heads.

Unified 5G air interface designfor below 6GHz

PHY numerology, frame design, MAC/RRM is designed to most efficiently support multiple services with different QoS/QoE

requirements, including enhanced MIMO and HetNet.

5G in cm-wave bands

09/05/201515 © Nokia 2015

Massive MIMO and cmMassive MIMO and cmMassive MIMO and cmMassive MIMO and cm----wave Technologywave Technologywave Technologywave Technology

Massive MIMO

• Massive (3D) MIMO in at least eNB side compensates the additional propagation loss caused by higher frequencies

• This can be done with reasonable antenna sizes

Possible deployment scenarios• Standalone 5G radio (TDD)

complementing LTE-Advanced

• Secondary 5G DL carrier -to be used in combination with LTE-Advanced

Additional capacity

• Utilization of cm-wave technology together with massive MIMO enables huge capacity increase compared current deployment - the main source of the gain is additional spectrum

09/05/201516 © Nokia 2015

reasonable antenna sizes with LTE-Advanced

Related 3GPP/LTE scenarios:- FDD/TDD Carrier aggregation

(Rel-12)- Dual Connectivity (Rel-12)

spectrum

• This provides credible capacity evolution path for current (macro) operators

• It will also boost coverage area for higher data rates

CarrierFreq.

# of Rxantennasrequired

3.75 GHz 4(2x2)

7.5 GHz 16

Capacity and PerformanceCapacity and PerformanceCapacity and PerformanceCapacity and PerformanceExample Scenario for Massive MIMO operating @ cm-wave

Property

Carrier Frequency ~6 … ~30 (GHz)

Frequency band Unpaired

Waveform OFDM

Multiple access FDMA/TDMA λ/2 = 4 cm

8 cm

Impact of antenna gain

09/05/201517 © Nokia 2015

7.5 GHz 16(4x4)

15 GHz 64(8x8)

30 GHz 256(16x16)

Multiple access FDMA/TDMA

Maximum number of spatial streams 8 – 64

Maximum number of antennas – eNB 64 – 256

Hybrid TRX architecture @ eNB Yes / No

Maximum number of antennas – UE 4 -8

λ/2 = 4 cm

λ/2 = 2 cm

λ/2 = 1 cm

• These scenarios have similar coverage• Physical size of the antenna is kept unchanged

One Millisecond Latency

Delay component 5G LTE-A TDD LTE-A FDD

UE Processing 0.25 ms 1 ms 1.5 ms

Frame Alignment 0.125 ms 1.1-5 ms

U-plane latency analysis for UL according to ITU-R M.2134

• TTI duration needs to be cut down• TDD control plane needs to be redesigned• CTRL and reference signals need to be placed

before data in order to allow pipeline processing at the receiver site

• Simple modulation and coding scheme

3GPP LTE-Advanced as part of the IMT-Advanced submission:

Fre

quen

cy

Control Data (entirely DL or entirely UL)

Super skinny text

09/05/201518 © Nokia 2015

TTI duration 0.25 ms 1 ms 1 ms

eNB Processing 0.375ms 1.5 ms 1.5 ms

HARQ Re-transmission (10 % x HARQ RTT)

0.1 ms 1.0-1.16ms

0.8 ms

Total Delay 1 ms 6-10 ms 5 ms

Fre

quen

cy

GP OFDM symbolGP

0,25msDL UL DMRS

GP

0,25 ms

SummarySummarySummarySummary

Integration

• Inter and intra-layer multi-connectivity is essentialArchitecture

Requirements

• 5G cm-wave will meet the challenging 5G requirements

Main technical components

• Simple OFDM-based design with dynamic TDD

• Native massive MIMO support

09/05/201519 © Nokia 2015

• Architecture needs to integrate new and existing radio interfaces

requirements

• Main enabler:1. Multi antenna

systems2. Cell densification3. New spectrum

support• Very short frames with

cascaded UL/DL control signals

• Very short Hybrid-ARQ cycles

5G in mm-wave bands

09/05/201520 © Nokia 2015

Massive antenna arrays to overcome propagation challenges

mmmmmmmm----waves: Taking waves: Taking waves: Taking waves: Taking the the the the Pressure Pressure Pressure Pressure OOOOff ff ff ff the the the the Lower FrequenciesLower FrequenciesLower FrequenciesLower Frequencies

Expanding wireless communications into the outer limits of radio technology

• ≥ 16 element arrays at base station

• Beamformingat RF for low power consumption

• Chip-scale array elements

Natural evolution of small cells

� Higher frequency, higher pathloss� Shrinking cells sizes

� mm-wave cellular feasible� 100-150 meter site-to-site distance� Dynamic TDD where each slot can

be used for DL/UL/Backhaul

2.9 GHz2 + .09 GHz BW

GHz

90-95

Huge potential

Available

09/05/201521 © Nokia 2015

• Chip-scale array elements

• Over-the-air power combining provides necessary transmit power

• Polarizationenables 2 stream MIMO

� Latency < 1msec

Permitting high digital data rates

1-2 GHz bandwidth possible

10 Gbps with 2 Stream, 16 QAM

> 100 Mbps cell edge rates result of noise limited system

Technology progress finally makes mm-waves practical to use

1 GHz

10 GHz5 GHz BW

4 GHz50 MHz BW

2 GHz150/852 MHz BW

70-85

38

< 6

28

AirAirAirAir----Interface Design: OptionsInterface Design: OptionsInterface Design: OptionsInterface Design: Options

� Air-Interface for mm-wave� Different Options

� OFDM/ZT-SOFDM/NCP-SC

� TDD (Variable DL/UL traffic, Simpler Transceiver)� Frame Size = 500 µs

� Slot Size = 100 µs

� Downlink/Uplink Interval : Variable

� Characteristics of ELA @ mm-wave� Few users per AP, no need for FDM

� RF beamforming: avoid multiple users from sharing the same Tx/Rx beam -> loss of beamforming gain

09/05/201522 © Nokia 2015

same Tx/Rx beam -> loss of beamforming gain

� Reduce PAPR

� Example MA technique (Null CP Single Carrier)� Null portion enables RF beam switching in the CP

without destroying the CP property

� BW = 2 GHz

� Data Block Size = 1024

� Pilot Block Size = 256-Modulation

−π/2-BPSK, π/4-QPSK, 16 QAM, 64QAM

� Huge Throughput and Cell Edge gains

LTE B4G-MMW

Frequency Band < 6 GHz 70 GHz

Supported Bandwidths TBD 2000 MHzMaximum QAM 64 16 64 64Modulation OFDM SC OFDM NullCP-SCChannel Spacing (B) 20 MHz 2.16 GHz 2.16 GHz 2 GHzFFT Size 2048 512 512 1024Subcarrier Spacing 15 kHz 4.2 MHz 5.1 MHz 1.5 MHzSampling Frequency 3.072 MHz 1.76 GHz 2.46 GHz 1.54 GHzTsampling 32.6 ns 5.68 ps 406 fs 651 fsTsymbol 66.7 μs 245 ns 198 ns 666.7 nsTguard 4.7 µs 36.4 ns 52 ns 10.4 nsT 71.4 µs 291 ns 250 ns 666.7 ns

2160 MHz

60 GHz

802.11ad

mmmmmmmm----wave wave wave wave –––– Propagation and Link Budget Propagation and Link Budget Propagation and Link Budget Propagation and Link Budget First step towards deployment of mm-wave in ultra dense environments

Channel characterizationat 73 GHz Measurements in cooperation with NYU and Aalto University

09/05/201523 © Nokia 2015

Delay spread

Penetration loss

Pathloss Pathlossexponent

Outage Reflections

3 – 5 reflective paths

� can be used to establish non-LOS

links

LOS and NLOSvery similar to

3.5GHz band

Body loss quite high

� steerable directional antenna

arrays required

21 dB compared to 5 GHz

29 dBcompared to 2 GHz

< 1 nsLOS conditions,

narrow beam

~25ns RMS delay

spread in non-LOS conditions

Oxygen/rainnot an issue for

radius < 200m

Foliage losssevere

mmmmmmmm----wave wave wave wave –––– Propagation and Link Budget Propagation and Link Budget Propagation and Link Budget Propagation and Link Budget Indoor channel vs. outdoor channel at 73 GHz

Slightly largerazimuth angle spreads indoor vs. outdoor

HighlightsIndoor PLE STD (dB)

LOS (measured) .1.5 1.0

LOS (predicted) 1.5 0.8

NLOS (measured) 3.1 9.0

NLOS (predicted) 3.1 8.5

Smaller RMS delay spread indoor vs. outdoor

09/05/201524 © Nokia 2015

Azimuth angle distribution: uniform(compared to wrapped Gaussian for outdoor)

Outdoor PLE STD (dB)

LOS B (measured) 2.0 4.2

LOS B (predicted) 3.5 7.9

NLOS M (measured) 2.0 5.2

NLOS M (predicted) 3.3 7.6

Elevation angle spreads and biases monotonically decrease with distance

Full details in publications (VTC-Fall 2014 and ICNC2015)

mmmmmmmm----wave: 5G Requirements Can Be Met Even wave: 5G Requirements Can Be Met Even wave: 5G Requirements Can Be Met Even wave: 5G Requirements Can Be Met Even in in in in Challenging EnvironmentsChallenging EnvironmentsChallenging EnvironmentsChallenging Environments

Performance in outdoor environmentsEnabled through

• flexible backhaul

• RFIC/antenna integration

AP density75 AP/km2 150 AP/km2 187 AP/km2

09/05/201525 © Nokia 2015

16.4%Outage Probability

3.2%Outage Probability

1%Outage Probability

2.1 GbpsAverage UE Throughput

<1 MbpsEdge Throughput


222 MbpsEdge Throughput


552 MbpsEdge Throughput

AP density

Network capacity

Multi-connectivity

� mm-wave Technology can meet the 5G requirements of peak / edge data rates and latency

� Well suited for Ultra dense deployments

�Outdoor and Indoor Channel Models based on measurements and ray tracing

�Air Interface Design for 5G mm-wave

� Dynamic TDD

SummarySummarySummarySummary

09/05/201526 © Nokia 2015

Dynamic TDD

� Simple low PAPR design

� Per user based control channels with low overhead

�System level Performance for outdoor and indoor deployments

� Meets the 5G peak and edge data rate requirements



� 5G < 6GHz



�Massive MIMO



09/05/201527 © Nokia 2015





Spectrum availability

30 GHz

90 GHz

MIMO and massive MIMO will MIMO and massive MIMO will MIMO and massive MIMO will MIMO and massive MIMO will be core technologies in 5Gbe core technologies in 5Gbe core technologies in 5Gbe core technologies in 5G

cm-wave

mm-waveUltra broadband

Low Rank MIMO/BF

� efficient beam steering

LOS64-antenna array size

2.7cm2@73GHz

In mm-wave bands, most of the spatial dimensions from large antenna arrays will be used to overcome pathloss rather than to provide higher data rates High data rates will be the result of the large bandwidths available at these bands

Hybrid /RF(digital & analog) beamforming architecture can be

09/05/201528 © Nokia 2015

Cell sizeLOS/NLOS

300 MHz

3 GHz

10 GHz

10 cm

1m

cm-waveEnhanced Small Cell

Higher RankMIMO & BF

< 6GHzWide area

High Rank MIMO& beamforming

64cm2@15GHz

[email protected] IC technologies suitable for various

frequencies is an active area of research together with our suppliers and academic partners

beamforming architecture can be used to reduce the transmitter cost and energy consumption when using massive number of antennas

• Massive MIMO provides high gain adaptive beam-forming with antenna arrays

• > 16 antenna ports (e.g. 16, 32, 64, 256 antenna ports)

• Currently a study item in 3GPP for LTE-A

• Phased Array Architecture vs. Band of Operation

Operator benefitsOperator benefitsOperator benefitsOperator benefits• Applicable for both Macro and Small Cells

• Cell edge gain +100%

• Spectral efficiency gain +80%

• Coverage gain to compensate the path loss on high bands making cm and mm waves more practical

Nokia innovation:Nokia innovation:Nokia innovation:Nokia innovation:

Massive MIMO for 4G and 5G Systems Massive MIMO for 4G and 5G Systems Massive MIMO for 4G and 5G Systems Massive MIMO for 4G and 5G Systems

Major Performance Boost across Spectrum Ranges and Cell Sizes

Nokia Research ApproachNokia Research ApproachNokia Research ApproachNokia Research Approach

• Baseband : • mm-wave (70 GHz) PoC

09/05/201529 © Nokia 2015

• Baseband :

1 transceiver/ant,

~< 6GHz

• Hybrid:

N Ant/B RF chains

~6- 30 GHz)

• RF:

1 transcvr/RF beam

>30 GHz

• mm-wave (70 GHz) PoCsystem with DoCoMo

• 3D MIMO leader in 3GPP

• Leader in Channel modeling & propagation measurements

Carrier plate onto which multiple RFIC die are bonded

2x2 RFIC Dies

Trends for MIMO/BF in 4G and 5G as BW IncreasesTrends for MIMO/BF in 4G and 5G as BW IncreasesTrends for MIMO/BF in 4G and 5G as BW IncreasesTrends for MIMO/BF in 4G and 5G as BW Increases

< 6 GHz/low BW 6-55 GHz/moderate BW >55 GHz/high BW

Interference Limited Noise Limited

Emphasis on Spectral Efficiency

Emphasis on Gain

Bandwidth Limited Huge Bandwidths

Per-antenna channel Per-beam channel

09/05/201530 © Nokia 2015

Small Scale Arrays: SU-MIMO sufficientLarge Scale Arrays: high-order MU-MIMO

Large Scale Arrays are required with an initial emphasis on SU-MIMO

Baseband Architectures Hybrid / RF Architectures

Per-antenna channel knowledge

Per-beam channel knowledge

mm-wave SW demo

Nokia NET 5G demonstrationsNokia NET 5G demonstrationsNokia NET 5G demonstrationsNokia NET 5G demonstrationsCombination of SW and HW demos

cm-wave SW demo mm-wave HW demo (73GHz)

09/05/201532 © Nokia 2015

mmmmmmmm----wave demonstration scenariowave demonstration scenariowave demonstration scenariowave demonstration scenarioBS synchronization & detection of BS, device tracking, rapid re-routing

4x4 antenna array

30 dB attenuation

Narrow beam User device synchronized to multiple BS’s

120 m site-to-site distance

4x4 array with ½ wavelength spacing

User

09/05/201533 © Nokia 2015

Lens antenna 73.5 GHzmm-wave demonstration scenario

120 m site-to-site distance

mmmmmmmm----wave Proofwave Proofwave Proofwave Proof----ofofofof----Concept: Concept: Concept: Concept: The EssentialsThe EssentialsThe EssentialsThe Essentials

Parameters Value

Operating Frequency 70 GHz

Bandwidth 1 GHz

Modulation Null Cyclic-Prefix

Access Point

User

Convergence Conf Room(Nokia – Arlington Heights)

09/05/201534 © Nokia 20158 meters

Modulation Null Cyclic-PrefixSingle CarrierR=1/2 16 QAMSingle Stream (SISO)

Antenna Beamwidth 3 degrees

Antenna Steering Range

34 degrees Azimuth8 degrees Elevation

UserDevice

5G technology verification5G technology verification5G technology verification5G technology verificationNokia is actively engaging with most advanced operators globally to bring 5G to reality

http://blog.networks.nokia.com/mobile-networks/2015/01/16/5g/

http://networks.nokia.com/innovation/5g

09/05/201535 © Nokia 2015

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EGYkQ5KdKMkhttp://networks.nokia.com/videos/ntt-docomo-5g-collaboration

LTE Evolution and 5G: 3GPP release LTE Evolution and 5G: 3GPP release LTE Evolution and 5G: 3GPP release LTE Evolution and 5G: 3GPP release scheduleschedulescheduleschedule and and and and topicstopicstopicstopics

2017 201920162015 2018 2020

Rel-13 Rel-14 Rel-15 Rel-16

LAA DL specs

LTE CA up to 32 Carriers

LAA UL specs

Wider BW LTE Shorter TTI

LTE enhancements to meet most of the 5G requirements

ITU-R 5D technical performance requirements ITU-R 5D Final Submission

Further LTE enhancements

WRC-15

WRC-19

09/05/201537 © Nokia 2015

Carriers3D beamforming/

FD-MIMO specsLTE-M

Enhanced D2DV2V / V2X ?

Shorter TTI CA combos > 100 MHzLTE – Wi-Fi AggregationLTE optimization up to

6GHzLTE Broadcast only

requirementsLAA stand-alone?

5G requirements SI

5G technology SI(s)

5G work items- Which bands to optimize first?

First 5G versionSecond 5G version

3GPP 5G WS

>6 GHz channelmodel SI

5G 5G 5G 5G from research tofrom research tofrom research tofrom research to standardsstandardsstandardsstandards

Nokia 5G vision

2013 2014 2015 2016 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022

WRC-15 (<6GHz) WRC-19

R15R13

2017

“5G starts early 2016 in 3GPP Release 13: Clean LTE-A evolution release5G research progressing outside 3GPP

Systemdesign &

pre-studyExploration

Standard definitionphase 1 5G commercialization

Rel-12 completion R14

09/05/201538 © Nokia 2015

“5G starts early 2016 in 3GPP with Release 14 and then intoRelease 15”

“ITU-R processes for IMT2020run in parallel in close synch”

Note: Future 3GPP release timing uncertain

Release 14: The 5G study phaseleading to Rel-15 work item phase

Release 15: The first phase of ‘The Real 5G’; completion between 2018 and 2020

5G research progressing outside 3GPP

5G Success factors5G Success factors5G Success factors5G Success factorsSummary

Pre consensus building among players during explorative research and requirements phases.

Global regulatory approach and aim for harmonized spectrum incl. its timely availability.

123

09/05/201540 © Nokia 2015

Focused standardization in 3GPP without reducing attention and bandwidth for LTE work.

Early sharing of technology feasibility and evaluation results to avoid design at the €dge.

34

The Nokia way for the 5G MarathonThe Nokia way for the 5G MarathonThe Nokia way for the 5G MarathonThe Nokia way for the 5G Marathon“If you want to go fast, go alone but if you need to go far, go together”

Outside in 5G • Collaborative researche.g. 5G PPP, 863 5G

• Customer collaborations • Drive regulatory and

industry work e.g. ITU-R

Collaboration with AT&T on 5GCollaboration with AT&T on 5GCollaboration with AT&T on 5GCollaboration with AT&T on 5G

09/05/201541 © Nokia 2015

Inside out 5G

• University collaborations e.g. NYU, TUD, Aalto etc.

• Holistic systems research, prototyping & development

• Leverage One Nokia e.g. Technologies and HERE

Technical University of DresdenIntegrated Self-Organization Techniques for Uplink using Force Field Network efficiency & quality

Prof. Gerhard Fettweis 2 PhDs

Technical University of MunichAnalysis of Cooperating Schemes and Massive MIMO in Local Area Scenarios

Prof. Gerhard Kramer 2 PhDs

Poznan University of TechnologyInvestigations of communication options and related 5G MAC/RRM design aspects for vehicular safety

Prof. K. Wesołowski 2 PhDs

Aalborg UniversityWide range of 5G radio research topics

Prof. Preben Mogensen 5 PhDs

Aalto University5G radio system research on HetNet and mobility

Prof. Olav Tirkkonen 1 PhD

Universities in Beijing5G radio research

Tampere University of TechnologycmWave concepts and algor ithms

Prof. Mikko Valkama 1 PhD

University of Kaiserslautern5G network architecture

Prof. Hans Schotten 1 PhD

Oulu University/CWCcmWave channel modelling and measurements, cmWave algorithms, spectrum sharing

Prof. Matti Latva-aho 1 PhD + joint project

Bristol UniversityAntenna and RF propagation modeling for HetNet

Prof. Andy Nix 1 PhDs

Purdue UniversitymmWave access and backhaul

Prof. David Love 1 PhDs

New York UniversitymmWave channel modelling and measurements

Prof. Ted Rappaport 2 PhDs

University of CA, Santa BarbaraIC technologies for large antenna arrays at mmWave band

Prof. James Buckwalter 2 PhDs

University of Texas5G modelling, D2D

Prof. Jeff Andrews 2 PhDs

Collaboration with AT&T on 5GCollaboration with AT&T on 5GCollaboration with AT&T on 5GCollaboration with AT&T on 5GDiscuss Next StepsDiscuss Next StepsDiscuss Next StepsDiscuss Next Steps

http://networks.nokia.com/innovation/5g

research in 5g technologies at nokia networks

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