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DOCUMENT RESUME
ED 460 841 SE 062 674
AUTHOR Brown, JordanTITLE India: Land of the Tiger. Nature. Teacher's Guide.INSTITUTION Thirteen WNET, New York, NY.; Public Broadcasting Service,
Washington, DC. PBS Elementary/Secondary Service.SPONS AGENCY National Park Foundation, Washington, DC.; Teachers
Insurance and Annuity Association, New York, NY. CollegeRetirement Equities Fund.; Ford Motor Co., Dearborn, MI.
PUB DATE 1998-00-00NOTE 34p.; Support also provided by Canon U.S.A., Inc. Videotape
and poster not available from ERIC. For other guides in thisseries, see SE 062 675-81.
AVAILABLE FROM Educational Publishing, Thirteen-WNET, 356 58th Street, NewYork, NY 10019. Tel: 212-560-3000; Web site:http://www.pbs.org; Web site: http://www.wnet.org.
PUB TYPE Guides Classroom Teacher (052)EDRS PRICE MF01/PCO2 Plus Postage.DESCRIPTORS Animal Behavior; *Earth Science; Ecological Factors;
*Ecology; Educational Television; Elementary SecondaryEducation; *Environmental Education; Foreign Countries;Habitats; Naturalistic Observation; Science Activities;Science and Society; Scientific Concepts; Social Studies;Water Resources; *Wilderness; *Wildlife
IDENTIFIERS Deserts; *India; Monsoons; Mountains; Natural History;Nature; Nature (Television Series)
ABSTRACTThis curriculum guide was developed for use with public
television's Nature series. The materials in the guide are designed to helpstudents actively participate in the study and experience of nature. Studentsare encouraged to view the programs as naturalists would, observing animalsin a variety of habitats, noting their behavior, and drawing conclusions.Each lesson in the Teacher's Resource Guide includes: (1) a "ProgramOverview" that presents background information and brief synopses of theprogram to be viewed; (2) "Objectives" that provide the teacher withmeasurement goals; (3) a "Before Viewing Activity" that familiarizes studentswith the subject and allows them to set purposes for viewin4; (4)
"Vocabulary" that features definitions of unfamiliar words used in eachprogram; (5) "Discussion Questions" that help students assess the main pointsof the program; (6) "Suggested Resources" for students who may want to learnmore about the topic; and (7) a "Naturalist's Guide" (student worksheet) tobe duplicated and distributed to students. The programs highlighted in thisguide focus on the vast Indian subcontinent and its rivers, oceans, deserts,mountains, and forests. Program titles include "The Tiger's Domain," "SacredWaters," "Unknown Seas," "Desert Seas," "Desert Kingdom," "Mountains of theGods," and "Monsoon Forests". (WRM)
Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be madefrom the original document.
-
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Par
k F
ound
atio
n is
ded
icat
ed to
edu
catio
n an
d qu
ality
tele
visi
on. S
imila
rly, c
once
rn fo
r th
e en
vi-
ronm
ent r
anks
as
a hi
gh p
riorit
y. It
is fo
r th
ese
reas
ons
that
we
are
delig
hted
to s
pons
or N
AT
UR
E,
the
serie
s th
at o
ffers
edu
cato
rs a
n op
port
unity
to b
ring
youn
g pe
ople
to r
emot
e an
d be
autif
ulpl
aces
, whe
re th
ey c
an e
njoy
and
com
e to
val
ue th
e w
orld
's r
ich
varie
ty o
f ani
mal
and
pla
nt li
fe.
Thi
s se
ason
's e
duca
tion
pack
age
offe
rs le
sson
s, a
ctiv
ities
, and
res
earc
h pr
ojec
ts to
acc
ompa
ny th
eN
AT
UR
E m
inis
erie
s "I
ndia
: Lan
d of
the
Tig
er."
Our
goa
l is
to h
eigh
ten
your
stu
dent
s' a
ppre
ciat
ion
and
unde
rsta
ndin
g of
the
dive
rse
wild
life,
thei
r ha
bita
ts, a
nd th
eir
inte
rrel
atio
nshi
ps w
ith th
e pe
ople
of th
e In
dian
sub
cont
inen
t thr
ough
this
impo
rtan
t ser
ies.
We
hope
you
find
thes
e m
ater
ials
use
ful i
n yo
ur e
ffort
s to
intr
oduc
e yo
ung
peop
le to
the
pow
er a
ndbe
auty
of t
he n
atur
al w
orld
. Ple
ase
know
we
are
grat
eful
for
your
wor
k an
d ar
e pl
ease
d to
hel
psu
ppor
t it.
Tru
stee
sP
ark
Fou
ndat
ion
Par
k F
ound
atio
n In
c., P
.O. B
ox 5
50, I
thac
a, N
ew Y
ork
I 4 8
5 I
Ale
x T
rotm
anC
hairm
an o
f the
Boa
rd
Dea
r E
duca
tor:
t,c;e
2,dj
ilegi
torW
orni
zem
y,F
ord
Mot
or C
ompa
nyT
he A
mer
ican
Roa
dP
.O. B
ox 1
899
Dea
rbor
n, M
I 481
21-1
899
For
the
fifth
con
secu
tive
year
, the
men
and
wom
en o
f For
d M
otor
Com
pany
are
pro
ud to
brin
g yo
uth
is T
each
er's
Gui
de fo
r N
AT
UR
E.
Thi
s ed
ucat
iona
l ser
ies,
with
its
emph
asis
on
wild
life,
its
habi
tats
and
thei
r pr
eser
vatio
n, a
s w
ell a
s th
eco
ncer
ns o
f nat
ural
ists
, par
alle
ls o
ur e
ffort
s to
pro
tect
the
envi
ronm
ent a
nd b
e a
resp
onsi
ble
auto
mo-
tive
com
pany
. Our
em
ploy
ees
have
a v
isio
n to
pro
vide
mor
e pe
ople
in m
ore
plac
es w
ith p
rodu
cts
that
will
not
onl
y ra
ise
our
stan
dard
of l
ivin
g, b
ut w
ill a
lso
rais
e th
e ba
nner
of e
nviro
nmen
tal.s
tew
ards
hip.
Thi
s ye
ar's
Gui
de fe
atur
es th
e si
x-pa
rt s
erie
s,"I
ndia
: Lan
d of
the
Tig
er."
The
Gui
de w
ill h
elp
youn
gpe
ople
bec
ome
mor
e aw
are
of In
dia'
s an
imal
s an
d th
eir
habi
tats
. It d
iscu
sses
how
the
peop
le o
f the
Indi
an s
ubco
ntin
ent c
oexi
st w
ith w
ildlif
e, a
nd a
lso
prov
ides
stu
dent
s w
ith s
ugge
stio
ns o
n ho
w to
get
invo
lved
with
loca
l con
serv
atio
n ef
fort
s.
For
d an
d th
e m
ore
than
350
,000
em
ploy
ees
who
com
pris
e its
glo
bal t
eam
hop
e yo
u fin
d th
ese
mat
eri-
als
usef
ul in
mak
ing
the
mos
t of N
AT
UR
E a
nd in
crea
sing
the
envi
ronm
enta
l aw
aren
ess
of o
ur y
outh
.
Ale
x T
rotm
an
For
info
rmat
ion
on v
ehic
les
For
d M
otor
Com
pany
has
dev
elop
ed to
mak
e dr
ivin
g ea
sier
on
the
wor
ldar
ound
us,
cal
l I -
800-
ALT
-FU
EL
(1-8
00-2
58-3
835,
Mon
day-
Frid
ay, 8
:00
a.m
. to
5:00
p.m
. ES
T),
or
visi
tou
r W
eb s
ite a
t ww
w.fo
rd.c
om
Dea
r E
duca
tor:
Can
onC
anon
U.S
.A.,
Inc.
One
Can
on P
laza
Lake
Suc
cess
, N.Y
. 110
42-1
113
For
the
nint
h co
nsec
utiv
e ye
ar C
anon
U.S
.A.,
Inc.
is p
leas
ed to
be a
spo
nsor
of t
he N
AT
UR
E s
erie
s, a
nd b
ring
you
this
Tea
cher
's G
uide
.
NA
TU
RE
brin
gs th
e w
onde
rs o
f the
nat
ural
wor
ld in
to o
ur h
omes
in a
uni
que
and
info
rmat
ive
man
-ne
r. T
he N
AT
UR
E m
inis
erie
s fe
atur
ed in
this
Gui
de "
Indi
a: L
and
of th
e T
iger
"w
ill g
ive
you
and
your
stu
dent
s ne
w in
sigh
ts in
to th
e fa
scin
atin
g cr
eatu
res
of In
dia,
and
som
e of
the
chal
leng
es fa
cing
the
peop
le w
ho w
ant t
o pr
eser
ve th
em.
Can
on is
a c
ompa
ny w
ell k
now
n fo
r in
vest
men
t in
new
tech
nolo
gy. H
owev
er, s
ome
of o
ur m
ost
impo
rtan
t res
earc
h an
d de
velo
pmen
t pro
ject
s ha
ve n
othi
ng to
do
with
our
pro
duct
s. W
e in
vest
in"f
utur
e ge
nera
tions
" th
roug
h th
e su
ppor
t of a
wid
e va
riety
of p
rogr
ams
reac
hing
toda
y's
child
ren
and
prot
ectin
g to
mor
row
's e
nviro
nmen
t. It
is o
ur b
elie
f tha
t a s
ucce
ssfu
l bus
ines
s sh
ould
do
mor
eth
an m
ake
a pr
ofit;
it s
houl
d m
ake
a di
ffere
nce
as w
ell.
Thr
ough
our
Cle
an E
arth
Cam
paig
n, w
e w
ork
to p
rese
rve
our
natu
ral l
ands
with
pro
gram
s su
ch a
s"E
xped
ition
Into
The
Par
ks"
thro
ugh
the
Nat
iona
l Par
k F
ound
atio
n. O
ur "
Car
trid
ge R
ecyc
ling
Pro
gram
" ke
eps
mill
ions
of t
oner
car
trid
ges
out o
f lan
dfill
s w
hile
the
U.S
. Env
ironm
enta
l Pro
tect
ion
Age
ncy
cert
ifies
our
line
of o
ffice
equ
ipm
ent E
nerg
y S
tar
Com
plia
nt s
o th
ey u
se le
ss e
nerg
y. C
anon
also
spo
nsor
s "E
nviro
thon
," a
nat
iona
l hig
h sc
hool
com
petit
ion
that
hel
ps s
tude
nts
deve
lop
an e
arly
sens
e of
env
ironm
enta
l res
pons
ibili
ty.
We
hope
this
Tea
cher
's G
uide
will
pro
vide
you
with
tool
s to
enh
ance
you
r te
achi
ng o
f the
wor
ldar
ound
us.
We
salu
te y
our
effo
rts
and
deep
ly r
espe
ct y
our
com
mitm
ent t
o bu
ildin
g "f
utur
e ge
nera
-tio
ns."
We
are
hono
red
to p
lay
a pa
rt in
pro
vidi
ng y
ou w
ith m
ater
ials
you
may
wis
h to
use
in.
prep
arin
g yo
ur c
hild
ren
to b
ette
r un
ders
tand
NA
TU
RE
.
Vis
it ou
r W
eb s
ite a
t ww
w.u
sa.c
anon
.com
Sin
cere
ly,
Har
uo M
uras
e, P
resi
dent
& C
EO
Tea
cher
s In
sura
nce
and
Ann
uity
Ass
ocia
tion
Col
lege
Ret
irem
ent E
quiti
es F
und
730
Thi
rd A
venu
eN
ew Y
ork,
NY
100
17-3
206
Dea
r E
duca
tor,
John
H. B
iggs
Cha
irman
, Pre
side
nt a
nd C
EO
TIA
A-C
RE
F is
del
ight
ed to
be
a na
tiona
l spo
nsor
of N
AT
UR
E, a
nd to
hel
p br
ing
its v
alua
ble
lear
ning
insi
ghts
and
teac
hing
mat
eria
ls to
you
and
you
r st
uden
ts.
We
hope
you
find
this
Tea
cher
's G
uide
use
ful a
s yo
u an
d yo
ur s
tude
nts
stud
y N
AT
UR
E's
exc
iting
six
-pa
rt s
erie
s,"I
ndia
: Lan
d of
the
Tig
er."
For
ove
r ei
ghty
yea
rs,T
1AA
-CR
EF
has
rec
ogni
zed
the
cruc
ial r
ole
of th
e te
ache
r in
our
soc
iety
. We
are
dedi
cate
d to
pro
vidi
ng p
ensi
on, i
nves
tmen
t, an
d in
sura
nce
prod
ucts
that
hel
p bu
ild fi
nanc
ial
secu
rity
for
thos
e w
ho c
hoos
e ca
reer
s in
edu
catio
n an
d re
sear
ch.
TIA
A-C
RE
F s
alut
es y
ou a
nd y
our
colle
ague
s fo
r yo
ur c
omm
itmen
t to
educ
atin
g ou
r yo
uth.
John
H. B
iggs
Vis
it ou
r W
eb s
ite a
t ww
w.ti
aa-c
reto
rg to
lear
n m
ore
abou
t how
TIA
A-C
RE
F is
ens
urin
g th
e fu
ture
for
thos
e w
ho s
hape
it, o
r ca
ll 1-
800-
223-
1200
for
furt
her
info
rmat
ion.
IND
LAN
DT
ET
IGE
R/IN
TR
OD
UC
TIO
N
arri
nteD
UIS
STO
VI
ND
IA IS
A L
AN
D O
FE
XT
RA
OR
DIN
AR
YD
IVE
RS
ITY
.F
rom
the
Him
alay
as in
the
nort
h,to
the
cora
l ree
fs o
ff th
e so
uthe
rnco
ast,
to th
e m
onso
on fo
rest
s in
the
wes
t and
nor
thea
st, a
vis
it to
Indi
a is
, in
the
wor
ds o
f nat
ural
ist
Val
mik
Tha
par,
"the
jour
ney
of a
lifet
ime.
" T
his
Tea
cher
's G
uide
has
been
dev
elop
ed fo
r us
e w
ith p
ub-
lic te
levi
sion
's N
AT
UR
E m
inis
erie
s,"I
ndia
: Lan
d of
the
Tig
er."
Mr.
Tha
par,
hos
t of t
he s
erie
s,ex
plor
es th
e ec
osys
tem
s of
the
vast
Indi
an s
ubco
ntin
ent
its
river
s, o
cean
s, d
eser
ts, m
ount
ains
,an
d fo
rest
s."I
ndia
: Lan
d of
the
Tig
er"
also
dis
cuss
es th
e co
mpl
exbo
nds
betw
een
the
varie
d w
ildlif
eof
the
regi
on a
nd th
e pe
ople
.
We
reco
mm
end
that
you
pre
view
"Ind
ia: L
and
of th
e T
iger
" to
find
the
segm
ents
you
'd li
ke to
focu
son
in c
lass
. Som
e of
the
pro-
gram
s in
clud
e ex
plic
it sc
enes
of
anim
al m
atin
g, s
o yo
u sh
ould
pre
-vi
ew "
Indi
a: L
and
of th
e T
iger
"ca
refu
lly b
efor
e sh
owin
g it
toyo
ur s
tude
nts.
TFi
g gr
Agt
4g0t
4A1
agt4
Eig
gbia
6T
his
guid
e ha
s be
en d
esig
ned
tohe
lp te
ache
rs a
nd s
tude
nts
use
the
publ
ic te
levi
sion
ser
ies
as a
star
ting
poin
t for
act
ive
part
icip
a-tio
n in
the
stud
y of
nat
ure.
Stu
dent
s ar
e en
cour
aged
to v
iew
the
prog
ram
s as
a n
atur
alis
tw
ould
, obs
ervi
ng a
nim
als
in a
var
i-et
y of
hab
itats
, not
ing
thei
r be
hav-
ior,
and
dra
win
g co
nclu
sion
s.
Eac
h le
sson
in th
e T
each
er's
Gui
dein
clud
es:
Pro
gram
Ove
rvie
w, w
hich
give
s ba
ckgr
ound
info
rmat
ion
and
a br
ief s
ynop
sis
of th
e pr
ogra
m to
be v
iew
ed;
Obj
ectiv
es, w
hich
pro
vide
the
teac
her
with
mea
sura
ble
goal
s;
Bef
ore
Vie
win
g A
ctiv
ity,
fam
iliar
izin
g st
uden
ts w
ith th
esu
bjec
t and
allo
win
g th
em to
set
purp
oses
for
view
ing;
Voc
abul
ary,
whi
ch p
rovi
des
defin
ition
s of
unf
amili
ar w
ords
used
in e
ach
prog
ram
;
Dis
cuss
ion
Que
stio
ns th
athe
lp s
tude
nts
asse
ss th
e m
ain
poin
ts o
f the
pro
gram
;
Sug
gest
ed R
esou
rces
for
stud
ents
who
may
wan
t to
lear
nm
ore
abou
t the
topi
c; a
nd
Stu
dent
Wor
kshe
et(N
atur
alis
t's G
uide
), to
be
dupl
i-ca
ted
and
dist
ribut
ed to
stu
dent
s.T
his
stud
ent w
orks
heet
con
tain
sac
tiviti
es th
at w
illst
uden
tsga
in a
bet
ter
unde
rsta
ndin
g of
ani
-m
al b
ehav
ior,
nat
ural
phe
nom
ena,
and
othe
r su
bjec
ts d
iscu
ssed
in"I
ndia
: Lan
d of
the
Tig
er."
The
stu
-
dent
wor
kshe
ets
enco
urag
e fa
mily
view
ing
and
cont
ain
coop
erat
ive
lear
ning
act
iviti
es.
Cre
atin
g a
Nat
ural
ist's
Dia
ry(Y
ou m
ay w
ish
to s
hare
the
follo
w-
ing
with
you
r st
uden
ts):
Nat
ural
ists
kee
p di
arie
s to
rec
ord
thei
r ob
serv
atio
ns. I
n or
der
toco
mpl
ete
activ
ities
pre
sent
ed in
this
gui
de, s
tude
nts
may
be
inte
r-es
ted
in m
akin
g di
arie
s of
thei
row
n. S
tude
nts
may
set
asi
de p
art
of th
eir
scie
nce
note
book
, or
they
may
cho
ose
to m
ake
a se
para
tebo
okle
t for
this
pur
pose
. Dia
ries
may
incl
ude
new
s cl
ippi
ngs,
dra
w-
ings
, pho
tos,
map
s, c
hart
s, g
raph
s,an
d ot
her
info
rmat
ion,
as
wel
l as
reco
rds
of o
bser
vatio
ns. S
tude
nts
may
wis
h to
sha
re th
eir
diar
ies
with
oth
ers
or u
se th
eir
entr
ies
tode
velo
p a
bulle
tin b
oard
dis
play
that
ref
lect
s w
hat t
hey
have
lear
ned.
r(j
Dite
@itb
tafA
660E
DU
EL
IEG
:70
Pro
gram
s ar
e sc
hedu
led
to b
ebr
oadc
ast o
n th
e da
tes
indi
cate
dbe
low
. Bro
adca
st d
ates
, how
ever
,m
ay v
ary
slig
htly
from
are
a to
area
. Ple
ase
chec
k lo
cal l
istin
gs
for
any
sche
dulin
g ch
ange
s.
TH
E T
IGE
R'S
DO
MA
INN
OV
. 15
SA
CR
ED
WA
TE
RS
NO
V. 1
5
UN
KN
OW
N S
EA
SN
OV
. 16
DE
SE
RT
KIN
GD
OM
NO
V. 1
6
MO
UN
TA
INS
OF
TH
E G
OD
SN
OV
. 17
MO
NS
OO
N F
OR
ES
TS
NO
V. 1
7
WE
B 5
E4g
5W
R7g
7661
1601
Look
for
mor
e in
form
atio
n ab
out
NA
TU
RE
on
the
Web
at
ww
w.p
bs.o
rg o
r at
ww
iwne
t.org
.T
hese
and
rel
ated
less
ons
can
befo
und
on w
Net
Sch
ool
(ww
w.w
net.o
rg/w
nets
choo
l).
(c,
VE
DFR
TA
INK
RIO
agr7
1146
You
may
ass
ign
prog
ram
s to
you
rst
uden
ts fo
r vi
ewin
g w
hen
they
are
first
bro
adca
st, o
r yo
u ha
ve
the
right
to ta
pe th
e pr
ogra
ms
and
play
them
for
inst
ruct
iona
lpu
rpos
es fo
r on
e ye
ar a
fter
the
orig
inal
bro
adca
st.
,
INT
RO
DU
CT
ION
1
TH
E T
IGE
R'S
DO
MA
IN2
SA
CR
ED
WA
TE
RS
4
UN
KN
OW
N S
EA
S6
DE
SE
RT
KIN
GD
OM
8
MO
UN
TA
INS
OF
TH
E G
OD
S10
MO
NS
OO
N F
OR
ES
TS
12
NA
TU
RE
SC
HE
DU
LEB
AC
K C
OV
ER
VID
EO
OR
DE
RIN
GIN
FO
RM
AT
ION
BA
CK
CO
VE
R
71/
4_,
.
Bro
adca
stN
ovem
ber
998
Daag
ism
(gga
VM
SW
Val
mik
Tha
par,
an
Indi
an c
onse
rva-
tioni
st a
nd h
ost o
f thi
s si
x-pa
rtse
ries,
bel
ieve
s th
at n
o an
imal
sym
-bo
lizes
the
wild
life
of In
dia
mor
eth
an th
e tig
er. "
The
she
er b
eaut
yan
d po
wer
of t
his
mag
nific
ent c
rea-
ture
has
com
plet
ely
mes
mer
ized
me:
' say
s T
hapa
r.
"The
Tig
er's
Dom
ain"
follo
ws
Tha
par
as h
e tr
avel
s th
roug
h re
mot
e In
dia,
sear
chin
g fo
r w
ild ti
gers
and
man
yof
the
othe
r an
imal
s ce
lebr
ated
inR
udya
rd K
ip li
ng's
cla
ssic
tale
s in
The
Jung
le B
ook.
On
the
first
leg
of h
is
jour
ney,
he
expl
ores
div
erse
hab
itats
and
enco
unte
rs ti
gers
,Asi
atic
lion
s,
wild
buf
falo
, rhi
nos,
ele
phan
ts, p
ea-
cock
s, c
obra
s, a
nd la
ngur
mon
keys
.
In h
is q
uest
for
inte
rest
ing
wild
life,
Tha
par
trav
els
thou
sand
s of
mile
s,
from
the
froz
en p
eaks
of t
heH
imal
ayas
to th
e su
n-sc
orch
edde
sert
s of
Raj
asth
an. H
e al
so v
en-
ture
s in
to th
e gr
een,
hum
id fo
rest
sof
Ass
am a
nd th
e w
arm
, blu
e w
ater
sof
the
Indi
an O
cean
.
"The
Tig
er's
Dom
ain"
pre
sent
s ra
refo
otag
e of
var
ious
Indi
an a
nim
als
hunt
ing
thei
r pr
ey. I
n on
e se
quen
ce,
Tha
par
wat
ches
a ti
ger
killi
ng a
lan-
gur
mon
key.
Tig
ers
rely
on
surp
rise
to c
atch
thei
r pr
ey, a
nd, i
n fa
ct, o
nly
one
hunt
in tw
enty
suc
ceed
s.
Man
y of
the
near
ly o
ne b
illio
n pe
o-pl
e th
at li
ve in
Indi
a be
lieve
that
som
e an
imal
s ar
e sa
cred
and
sho
uld
neve
r be
kill
ed u
nder
any
circ
um-
stan
ces.
As
a re
sult,
wild
life
is in
te-
gral
ly w
oven
into
thei
r da
ily li
ves.
Tod
ay, t
iger
s ar
e be
com
ing
enda
n-ge
red
due
to p
oach
ing
and
disa
p-pe
arin
g ha
bita
ts.T
o le
arn
how
we
mig
ht h
elp
prot
ect t
iger
s, s
cien
tists
are
usin
g ra
dio
colla
rs to
trac
k
thes
e cr
eatu
res'
terr
itorie
s, fe
edin
gha
bits
, and
soc
ial b
ehav
ior.
TH
EM
E: I
ndia
n tig
ers
live
ina
com
plex
eco
syst
em w
ithot
her
anim
als
and
hum
ans.
MO
M V
EE
WE
GV
IS,
inew
atm
Intr
oduc
ing
the
Pro
gram
To
help
stu
dent
s un
ders
tand
Indi
a's
vast
ness
, use
a la
rge
wor
ld m
ap o
rgl
obe.
Poi
nt o
ut th
at a
ll of
the
coun
-tr
ies
in W
este
rn E
urop
e co
uld
easi
lyfit
insi
de th
e In
dian
sub
cont
inen
t.In
vite
stu
dent
s to
see
this
for
them
-se
lves
.The
n, a
sk s
tude
nts
to c
om-
pare
the
size
of t
he U
nite
d S
tate
sw
ith In
dia.
Enc
oura
ge s
tude
nts
tom
ake
pred
ictio
ns a
bout
the
clim
ate
(or
clim
ates
) th
at e
xist
in In
dia.
To
give
stu
dent
s a
sens
e of
Indi
a's
larg
e po
pula
tion,
exp
lain
that
alm
ost a
billi
on p
eopl
e liv
eco
uld
men
tion
that
if a
bill
ion
peop
le w
ere
to jo
in h
ands
in a
long
line
, the
y w
ould
stre
tch
arou
nd th
e ea
rth
25 ti
mes
!
Man
y st
uden
ts a
re fa
mili
ar w
ith th
eD
isne
y fil
m T
he J
ungl
e B
ook,
or
the
book
by
Rud
yard
Kip
ling
that
it is
base
d on
. Rev
iew
with
you
r st
u-
dent
s th
e ke
y ch
arac
ters
, inc
ludi
ng
Mow
gli (
the
boy)
, Bal
oo (
bear
),B
aghe
era
(pan
ther
), S
here
Kha
n(t
iger
), a
nd K
aa (
snak
e). R
emin
d
your
stu
dent
s th
at th
ese
stor
ies
refle
ct a
n E
nglis
h/A
mer
ican
vie
w o
fth
ese
anim
als
and
not n
eces
saril
y
that
of I
ndia
n cu
lture
.
Afte
r vi
ewin
g th
e pr
ogra
m, y
ou m
ayas
k st
uden
ts to
rea
d st
orie
s fr
omT
he J
ungl
e B
ook.
How
do
Kip
ling'
s
port
raya
ls o
f ani
mal
s co
mpa
re to
the
real
one
s in
"In
dia:
Lan
d of
the
Tig
er"?
Dis
trib
ute
the
Stu
dent
Wor
kshe
et (
Nat
ural
ist's
Gui
de)
Dup
licat
e an
d di
strib
ute
the
Stu
dent
Wor
kshe
et (
Nat
ural
ist's
Gui
deop
posi
te p
age)
and
the
map
of t
he
Stu
dent
s w
ill:
exam
ine
how
peo
ple
coex
ist w
ithan
imal
s in
Indi
a
disc
uss
som
e w
ays
to p
rote
ct a
ndco
nser
ve w
ildlif
e in
thei
r ow
n co
m-
mun
ities
You
may
wis
h to
intr
oduc
e st
uden
tsto
the
voca
bula
ry b
efor
e vi
ewin
g th
epr
ogra
m.
Bud
dhis
m n
oun:
a r
elig
ion
orig
inat
-in
g in
Indi
a, b
ased
on
the
teac
hing
sof
Gau
tam
a B
uddh
a th
at o
ne c
an b
elib
erat
ed fr
om li
fe's
suf
ferin
g by
sel
f-pu
rific
atio
nco
nser
vatio
n no
un: t
he p
rote
ctio
n of
natu
ral r
esou
rces
, suc
h as
wild
life
and
fore
sts
Hin
duis
m n
oun:
the
dom
inan
t rel
igio
nof
Indi
a, w
hich
em
phas
izes
an
indi
vid-
ual's
dut
y to
fulfi
ll cu
stom
and
div
ine
law
(dh
arm
a). H
indu
myt
holo
gyin
clud
es s
ome
anim
al g
ods.
Kip
ling.
Rud
yard
: (18
65-1
936)
Eng
lish
writ
er, b
orn
in In
dia.
Aut
hor
of T
he J
ungl
e B
ook
(189
4).
pred
ator
nou
n: a
n an
imal
that
hun
tsot
her
anim
als
for
food
prey
nou
n: a
n an
imal
that
is h
uitte
dby
a p
reda
tor
for
food
radi
o co
llar
noun
: a s
peci
al c
olla
r th
atem
its s
ound
wav
es, e
nabl
ing
scie
ntis
tsto
kee
p tr
ack
of a
n an
imal
's te
rrito
ry,
feed
ing
habi
ts, a
nd s
ocia
l beh
avio
r
veno
m n
oun:
poi
son
prod
uced
by
snak
es, s
pide
rs, a
nd s
corp
ions
for
catc
hing
pre
y
-
For
stu
dent
s w
ho w
ant t
o le
arn
mor
eab
out t
his
topi
c, s
ugge
st th
e fo
llow
ing:
Kip
ling,
Rud
yard
. The
Jun
gle
Boo
k.N
ew Y
ork:
Will
iam
Mor
row
, 199
5(o
rigin
ally
pub
lishe
d 18
94).
Tha
par,
Val
mik
. Lan
d of
the
Tig
er:A
Nat
ural
His
tory
of t
he In
dian
Sub
cont
inen
t. B
erke
ley:
Uni
vers
ity o
fC
alifo
rnia
Pre
ss, 1
997.
The
Tig
er In
form
atio
n C
ente
rht
tp://
ww
w.5
tiger
s.or
g
U.S
. Fis
h &
Wild
life
Ser
vice
-E
ndan
gere
d S
peci
es H
ome
Pag
eht
tp://
ww
w.fw
s.go
v/r9
ends
pp/
ends
pp.h
tml
Rar
e E
arth
Exp
lora
tions
http
://w
ww
.wild
indi
a.co
m
Indi
an s
ubco
ntin
ent p
rinte
d on
the
back
of t
he p
oste
r. P
revi
ew th
em
with
you
r st
uden
ts.A
s th
ey w
atch
the
prog
ram
, sug
gest
they
ref
er to
the
map
. In
addi
tion,
ask
them
to d
eter
-
min
e ho
w a
nim
als
are
suite
d to
live
in c
erta
in h
abita
ts.
AH
EM
Cfg
gWE
GN
,41
1E p
asee
mia
Enc
oura
ge s
tude
nts
to d
iscu
ss th
epr
ogra
m a
nd s
hare
thei
r ob
serv
a-
tions
.The
follo
win
g qu
estio
ns m
aybe
use
d to
spa
rk d
iscu
ssio
n.
0 D
escr
ibe
som
e m
etho
dsan
imal
s in
Indi
a us
e to
obt
ain
food
, fee
d th
eir
youn
g, a
nd h
elp
each
oth
er s
urvi
ve. (
Wild
boa
rsar
e so
met
imes
abl
e to
ste
al fo
odth
at o
ther
ani
mal
s ha
ve c
augh
t A
tigre
ss w
ill e
at th
e ki
ll he
rsel
f and
feed
her
cub
s m
ilk u
ntil
they
are
read
y to
eat
mea
t Lan
gur
mon
keys
,w
hen
they
clim
b fr
uit t
rees
, ofte
n
acci
dent
ally
dis
lodg
e lo
ose
frui
t,w
hich
chi
tal (
spot
ted
deer
) ca
n ea
tB
oth
crea
ture
s he
lp w
arn
each
oth
er
of d
ange
r. If
eith
er d
etec
ts a
pro
wlin
g
tiger
, it w
arns
the
entir
e fo
rest
)
0 A
s a
resu
lt of
farm
ing
and
urba
n de
velo
pmen
t, w
olve
s in
Indi
a ha
ve b
een
hunt
ed n
early
toex
tinct
ion.
Thi
s is
a p
robl
em th
eU
.S. h
as fa
ced.
How
are
we
deal
-in
g w
ith th
is?
Cou
ld o
ur s
olut
ion
also
wor
k fo
r In
dia?
(A
nsw
ers
will
vary
.The
U.S
. now
has
law
s re
stric
ting
the
hunt
ing
of w
olve
s. In
som
e w
ild
area
s, w
e ar
e no
w r
eint
rodu
cing
cer
-
tain
spe
cies
of w
olve
s.)
28
CV
MD
IME
Za7
VO
UG
3w
eao
Com
plet
e th
e fir
st a
ctiv
ity a
nd o
ne o
ther
act
ivity
of y
our
choi
ce.
Val
mik
Tha
par
enjo
ys o
bser
v-in
g an
imal
s an
d st
udyi
ng th
eir
beha
vior
. In
this
pro
gram
, he
finds
an
Asi
atic
lion
, a s
loth
bear
, a s
now
leop
ard,
and
man
y ot
her
crea
ture
s. U
se th
ech
art t
o w
rite
dow
n fo
ur a
ni-
mal
s yo
u've
see
n in
the
last
mon
th, w
here
you
saw
them
,an
d w
hat t
hey
wer
e do
ing.
Com
pare
you
r ch
art w
ithan
othe
r st
uden
t's.
VC
' WM
[OM
Mil
You
are
invi
ted
to v
iew
NA
TU
RE
.As
you
wat
ch th
epr
ogra
m, l
ook
for
the
fasc
i-na
ting
varie
ty o
f ani
mal
s in
Indi
a.W
hy a
re th
ere
so m
any
kind
s of
ani
mal
s in
Indi
a? H
owar
e at
titud
es to
war
ds a
nim
als
diffe
rent
in In
dia
as c
ompa
red
to th
e U
nite
d S
tate
s? A
fter
the
prog
ram
, dis
cuss
you
rco
mpa
rison
s w
ith y
our
fam
ily.
A c
onse
rvat
ioni
st's
job
incl
udes
stu
dyin
g en
dang
ered
spec
ies
and
wor
king
topr
even
t the
ir ex
tinct
ion.
&S
EG
:76.
,:SO
MS
., S
Q1A
7g?
Val
mik
Tha
par
says
,"W
e m
ust s
ave
the
tiger
so
that
futu
re g
ener
atio
ns c
an w
itnes
s w
onde
rs li
keth
is."
If y
ou w
ere
the
Prim
e M
inis
ter
of In
dia
toda
y, w
hat a
ctio
ns w
ould
you
take
to p
rote
ctna
ture
in th
at c
ount
ry?
How
wou
ld y
ou p
rom
ote
thes
e id
eas
to In
dia'
s ci
tizen
s? W
ork
with
a s
mal
lgr
oup
of s
tude
nts
to d
evel
op s
ugge
stio
ns fo
r a
natu
re m
anag
emen
t pla
n in
Indi
a.
Man
y an
imal
s in
the
Uni
ted
Sta
tes
are
also
in d
an-
ger
of b
ecom
ing
extin
ct. G
et a
list
of t
hese
ani
-m
als
by w
ritin
g to
the
U.S
. Fis
h &
Wild
life
Ser
vice
or fr
om th
eir
End
ange
red
Spe
cies
Hom
e P
age
(http
://w
ww
.fws.
gov/
r9en
dspp
/end
spp.
htm
l).P
ick
one
of th
em a
nd fi
nd o
ut w
here
it li
ves,
wha
tit
eats
, and
why
it's
end
ange
red.
Are
ther
e an
yef
fort
s to
sav
e it?
How
cou
llan
d ot
her
stud
ents
hel
p?
12 D
AV
& 1
2 R
7ggi
llifg
,&
200
EIE
DN
A6:
74A
nim
als
are
sacr
ed to
man
y pe
ople
in In
dia
and
Sri
Lank
a. S
ome
reli-
giou
s fe
stiv
als
incl
ude
proc
essi
ons
calle
d pe
rahe
ras
para
des
and
cel-
ebra
tions
that
can
go
on fo
r da
ysan
d so
met
imes
incl
ude
hund
reds
of
elep
hant
s. U
se th
e In
tern
et o
r yo
urlib
rary
to fi
nd o
ut m
ore
abou
t per
-ah
eras
.Writ
e a
shor
t TV
new
s se
g-m
ent a
bout
one
of t
hese
pro
ces-
sion
s fo
r yo
ur c
lass
room
.
Ani
mal
s al
so h
ave
a ro
le in
the
Chr
istia
n tr
aditi
on. S
earc
h th
eIn
tern
et, o
r us
e ot
her
libra
ryre
sour
ces
to fi
nd o
ut a
bout
the
Fea
st o
f St.
Fra
ncis
of A
ssis
i'sB
less
ing
of th
e A
nim
als.
viuf
f.kiv
atee
The
se m
ater
ials
wer
e m
ade
poss
ible
by
Par
k F
ound
atio
n, C
anon
U.S
.A.,
Inc.
, For
d M
otor
Com
pany
, and
TIA
A-C
RE
F.
' 1
° M
TE
RS
Daa
@itA
m O
VE
RM
EN
Val
mik
Tha
par
show
s us
the
wild
life
alon
g tw
o of
Indi
a's
sacr
ed r
iver
s,
the
Gan
ges
and
the
Bra
hmap
utra
.T
hese
riv
ers
run
thro
ugh
a w
ide
varie
ty o
f hab
itats
whe
re h
e en
coun
-te
rs fa
scin
atin
g an
imal
s.
Tw
o pl
aces
in In
dia
whe
re ti
gers
flour
ish
are
Kaz
irang
a N
atio
nal P
ark
and
the
Sun
derb
ans.
Kaz
irang
a is
hom
e to
the
high
est d
ensi
ty o
ftig
ers
in th
e w
orld
and
is a
ref
uge
for
Indi
a's
larg
est a
nim
als,
incl
udin
gel
epha
nts
and
rhin
os. E
ight
y ye
ars
ago,
ther
e w
ere
only
twel
ve r
hino
sle
ft in
this
are
a, a
s po
ache
rs h
ad
deci
mat
ed th
e po
pula
tion.
But
toda
y,th
anks
to c
onse
rvat
ion
effo
rts,
ther
ear
e ov
er 1
,200
rhi
nos.
The
Sun
derb
ans,
in c
ontr
ast,
is a
n en
or-
mou
s m
angr
ove
swam
p w
here
mor
e
than
500
tige
rs li
ve.
412
Fou
r hu
ndre
d m
illio
n pe
ople
live
on
the
plai
ns o
f nor
ther
n In
dia
and
Ban
glad
esh.
Tho
ugh
it is
diff
icul
ten
ough
to s
uppo
rt th
e la
rge
hum
anpo
pula
tion,
peo
ple
prov
ide
for
loca
lw
ildlif
e. M
any
child
ren
colle
ct s
nails
to fe
ed c
olon
ies
of y
oung
pai
nted
stor
ks th
at h
ave
been
aba
ndon
ed.
Eve
ry y
ear,
in A
ugus
t, th
e m
onso
on
seas
on a
rriv
es in
full
forc
e.A
t tim
es,
the
river
s ca
rry
near
ly a
bill
ion
gal-
lons
of w
ater
to th
e se
a ev
ery
sec-
ond.
The
floo
ds k
ill h
undr
eds
of p
eo-
ple
each
yea
r, b
ut le
ave
behi
nd r
ich
silt,
whi
ch c
reat
es a
fert
ile e
nviro
n-m
ent f
or w
ildlif
e. D
urin
g m
onso
onse
ason
, ten
s of
thou
sand
s of
bird
sflo
ck to
Bha
ratp
ur, o
ne o
f the
fine
stw
etla
nd s
anct
uarie
s in
the
wor
ld.
TH
EM
E: "
Sac
red
Wat
ers"
illus
trat
es h
ow In
dia'
s riv
ers
influ
ence
bot
h its
wild
life
and
its p
eopl
e.
BE
VO
ME
VE
EN
ER
geD
IXO
GIA
LN
Intr
oduc
ing
the
Pro
gram
Usi
ng a
larg
e m
ap o
r gl
obe,
ask
stu
-de
nts
to fi
nd th
e G
ange
s an
dB
rahm
aput
ra r
iver
s in
Indi
a. In
vite
them
to c
ompa
re th
ese
river
s w
ithth
e M
issi
ssip
pi R
iver
, in
term
s of
leng
th, t
otal
flow
, num
ber
of tr
ibu-
tarie
s, a
nd s
o on
. If y
ou w
ish,
you
can
expl
ain
that
, lik
e th
e M
issi
ssip
pi,
the
river
s in
Indi
a flo
od e
ach
year
.
Bas
ed o
n th
e lo
catio
n of
the
Gan
ges
and
Bra
hmap
utra
, enc
oura
ge s
tu-
dent
s to
mak
e pr
edic
tions
abo
ut th
ean
imal
s th
ey m
ight
exp
ect t
o fin
d in
thes
e ar
eas.
Wha
t cre
atur
es th
rive
inor
nea
r w
ater
? W
rite
thes
e su
gges
-tio
ns o
n th
e bo
ard.
Dis
trib
ute
the
Stu
dent
Wor
kshe
et (
Nat
ural
ist's
Gui
de)
Dup
licat
e an
d di
strib
ute
the
Stu
dent
Wor
kshe
et (
Nat
ural
ist's
Gui
deop
posi
te p
age)
to s
tude
nts,
and
pre
-vi
ew it
with
them
. As
they
wat
chth
e pr
ogra
m, t
ell s
tude
nts
they
will
be o
bser
ving
man
y in
tere
stin
g an
i-m
als
som
e of
whi
chth
ey'v
e pr
obab
ly n
ever
seen
bef
ore.
To
help
them
kee
p tr
ack
of th
ese
crea
ture
s, in
vite
them
tous
e th
e ch
art o
n th
eN
atur
alis
t'sG
uide
.
Stu
dent
s w
ill:
.! un
ders
tand
how
the
grea
t riv
ers
ofth
e In
dian
sub
cont
inen
t inf
luen
ce th
ew
ildlif
e an
d pe
ople
in th
ese
habi
tats
com
pare
and
con
tras
t diff
eren
tw
ays
that
ani
mal
s in
Indi
a ra
ise
thei
ryo
ung
You
may
wis
h to
intr
oduc
e st
uden
tsto
the
voca
bula
ry b
efor
e vi
ewin
g th
epr
ogra
m.
habi
tat n
oun:
the
natu
ral p
lace
whe
re a
pla
nt o
r an
imal
live
s.
man
grov
e no
un: a
trop
ical
tree
or
shru
b th
at g
row
s in
den
se g
roup
ings
with
stil
t-lik
e ro
ots.
mig
rate
ver
b: to
mov
e an
nual
ly o
rse
ason
ally
from
one
loca
tion
toan
othe
r fo
r fo
od; t
o go
whe
re th
ew
eath
er is
war
mer
; or
to r
each
bree
ding
or
"birt
hing
" ar
eas.
mon
soon
nou
n: s
tron
g, s
easo
nal
win
ds, e
spec
ially
in th
e In
dian
Oce
anan
d S
outh
east
Asi
a; in
Indi
a, th
e w
ord
mon
soon
is g
ener
ally
app
lied
to th
e
heav
y ra
ins
that
fall
betw
een
June
and
Sep
tem
ber.
poac
her
noun
: som
eone
who
hun
tsor
fish
es il
lega
lly.
sanc
tuar
y no
un: a
nat
ural
are
aw
here
bird
s or
oth
er a
nim
als
are
pro-
tect
ed fr
om h
unte
rs.
For
stu
dent
s w
ho w
ant t
o le
arn
mor
eab
out t
his
topi
c, s
ugge
st th
e fo
llow
ing:
Cum
min
g, D
avid
. The
Gan
ges
Del
taan
d Its
Peo
ple.
New
Yor
k:T
hom
son
Lear
ning
, 199
4.
Lavi
es, B
ianc
a. M
angr
ove
Wild
erne
ss:
Nat
ure'
s N
urse
ry. N
ew Y
ork:
E. P
.D
utto
n, 1
994.
Inte
rnat
iona
l Rhi
no F
ound
atio
n -
Indi
an R
hino
cero
sht
tp://
ww
w.r
hino
s-irf
.org
/rhi
nos/
indi
an.h
tml
His
tory
of I
ndia
http
://w
ww
.his
tory
ofin
dia.
com
/hom
e.ht
ml
Ari
rgB
VE
gPIE
WIS
,D
cia@
abkk
aE
ncou
rage
stu
dent
s to
dis
cuss
the
prog
ram
and
sha
re th
eir
obse
rva-
tions
.The
follo
win
g qu
estio
ns m
aybe
use
d to
spa
rk d
iscu
ssio
n.
How
are
som
e an
imal
sad
apte
d fo
r su
rviv
al o
n la
ndan
d in
the
wat
ers
of In
dia?
(Fis
hing
cat
s' c
law
s, w
hich
look
like
fish
hook
s, h
elp
them
sna
gth
eir
prey
in th
e w
ater
.M
udsk
ippe
rs h
ave
the
abili
ty to
wal
k on
land
whe
n th
e tid
esre
cede
.Wat
er m
onito
rs li
veon
land
but
als
o ca
n sw
im.
Mon
keys
cal
led
mac
aque
s
surv
ive
by s
earc
hing
for
food
both
in th
e tr
ees
and
on th
em
ud n
ear
the
shor
elin
e.)
Ic13
0 D
escr
ibe
the
unus
ual w
et-
land
san
ctua
ry o
f Bha
ratp
ur.
(Thi
s w
etla
nd is
art
ifici
al. I
t was
cre
-at
ed a
bout
one
hun
dred
yea
rs a
goby
the
Mah
araj
ah o
f Bha
ratp
ur. H
eflo
oded
the
natu
ral m
arsh
land
toat
trac
t bird
s fo
r sh
ootin
g.T
oday
,sh
ootin
g is
forb
idde
n, a
nd th
ousa
nds
of b
irds
bree
d he
re d
urin
g th
e m
on-
soon
sea
son.
)
0 W
hat a
re s
ome
of th
ew
ays
that
peo
ple
man
age
thei
rre
latio
nshi
ps to
ani
mal
s in
and
arou
nd th
e riv
ers
of In
dia?
(The
tige
r is
a s
acre
d an
imal
. Peo
ple
fear
and
res
pect
the
tiger
s th
at li
vein
the
man
grov
es, a
nd d
o no
tin
trud
e on
thei
r do
mai
n. F
ishe
rmen
use
otte
rs to
find
fish
. In
exch
ange
,th
e fis
herm
en g
ive
the
otte
rs s
crap
sfr
om th
eir
daily
cat
ch.)
G5T
UR
AL
VFP
&5
&y3
IDE
/ST
UD
EN
TW
OR
KSH
EE
Tno
ntgg
amE
rT
UR
Epr
ogra
mSA
CM
TE
RS
MD
6nPL
DE
R.6
MD
MO
MM
any
unus
ual c
reat
ures
live
in o
r ne
ar In
dia'
s riv
ers.
Sin
ce th
ese
river
s flo
odev
ery
year
dur
ing
mon
soon
seas
on, s
ome
of th
ese
ani-
mal
s ha
ve a
dapt
ed to
life
on th
e la
nd a
nd in
wat
er.A
syo
u w
atch
the
prog
ram
,lo
ok a
nd li
sten
for
info
rma-
tion
abou
t the
five
ani
mal
slis
ted
here
.You
will
pro
ba-
bly
need
to d
o so
me
addi
-tio
nal r
esea
rch
to fi
ll in
all
the
info
rmat
ion.
Com
plet
e th
e fir
st a
ctiv
ity a
nd o
ne o
ther
act
ivity
of y
our
choi
ce.
AN
IMA
LH
AB
ITA
TP
RE
YA
DA
PT
AT
ION
SN
OT
ES
mud
skip
per
man
grov
esca
n sw
im a
nd w
alk
ghar
ial
fish
thin
jaw
sto
gra
b pr
ey
fishi
ng c
at
pain
ted
stor
k
otte
r
/---
---_
-.--
-__-
\Z/'-
----
__/\
_
40 V
AE
VG
Mgl
itY
ou a
re in
vite
d to
vie
wN
AT
UR
E. A
s yo
u w
atch
the
prog
ram
, loo
k fo
r so
me
of th
e w
ays
that
chi
ldre
nin
tera
ct w
ith th
e lo
cal c
rea-
ture
s. O
ften
thes
e ch
ildre
nar
e he
lpin
g th
eir
fam
ily's
livel
ihoo
d.A
fter
the
pro-
gram
, dis
cuss
wha
t it m
ight
be li
ke to
gro
w u
p in
Indi
a.
Som
e na
tura
lists
expl
ore
the
dive
rse
wild
life
that
thriv
es n
ear
larg
e bo
dies
of w
ater
.
Ii41
1E D
ZaD
6In
this
pro
gram
,Val
mik
Tha
par
says
,"If
I wer
e a
bird
, I w
ould
div
ein
to B
hara
tpur
to li
ve a
nd s
tay.
"T
his
part
of I
ndia
is h
ome
toth
ousa
nds
of d
iffer
ent k
inds
of
bird
s. U
sing
the
Inte
rnet
and
othe
r re
sour
ces
in y
our
libra
ry,
find
an e
xam
ple
of a
wild
life
sanc
-
tuar
y in
you
r ar
ea. C
all,
writ
e, o
re-
mai
l the
san
ctua
ry to
gat
her
info
rmat
ion
abou
t the
ani
mal
s th
atliv
e th
ere.
Sha
re w
hat y
ou le
arn
with
the
clas
s.1
4
Ljfl
C3M
IDit
an4E
.Wa
Som
e an
imal
s ha
ve a
hel
pful
rela
tions
hip
with
eac
h ot
her.
In th
e fo
rest
s of
nor
ther
n
Indi
a, th
e m
acaq
ue m
onke
yan
d ch
ital d
eer
help
eac
hot
her
look
out
for
dang
er.
Bio
logi
sts
call
this
coo
pera
-tiv
e be
havi
or s
ymbi
osis
, or
mut
ualis
m. R
esea
rch
othe
ran
imal
pai
rs in
nat
ure,
bot
hin
Indi
a an
d el
sew
here
, tha
the
lp e
ach
othe
r ou
t. (S
ome
sugg
estio
ns: t
he c
low
n fis
han
d th
e se
a an
emon
e; th
ere
mor
a an
d th
e sh
ark;
the
rhin
o an
d th
e ox
peck
er.)
The
se m
ater
ials
wer
e m
ade
poss
ible
by
Par
k F
ound
atio
n, C
anon
U.S
.A.,
Inc.
, For
d M
otor
Com
pany
, and
TIA
A-C
RE
F.
LAN
DT
IGE
RN
GT
IVO
IVN
SE
AS
998
pcto
eabt
aa c
ousn
'gt
In th
is p
rogr
am,V
alm
ik T
hapa
rem
bark
s on
a v
oyag
e to
the
war
m,
blue
wat
ers
of th
e In
dian
Oce
an, i
nse
arch
of l
ivin
g tr
easu
res.
He
sets
sail
off t
he n
orth
wes
t coa
st o
f Ind
iane
ar th
e A
rabi
an S
ea. F
ollo
win
g th
e
win
d an
d w
ater
cur
rent
s ar
ound
the
sout
hern
tip
of In
dia,
he
next
expl
ores
the
isle
s of
the
And
aman
Sea
.The
last
leg
of h
is a
dven
ture
take
s hi
m to
the
east
coa
st, n
ear
the
Bay
of B
enga
l.
Whi
le tr
avel
ing
in th
e A
rabi
an S
ea,
Tha
par
expl
ains
that
two
of th
ela
rges
t cre
atur
es th
ere
the
wha
le
shar
k an
d th
e m
anta
ray
are
harm
-
less
to h
uman
s, fe
edin
g on
tiny
plan
kton
.Tha
par
then
exp
lore
s a
clus
ter
of c
oral
ree
fs a
nd is
land
s
calle
d th
e La
ksha
dwee
p, n
early
200
mile
s of
f the
wes
t coa
st o
f Ind
ia.
In th
e tr
opic
al A
ndam
an S
ea, t
he c
li-
mat
e is
per
fect
for
the
grow
th o
fco
ral r
eefs
.The
se p
rovi
de s
uste
-na
nce
for
man
y sm
all f
ish,
and
feas
ts
for
pred
ator
s su
ch a
s sh
arks
, ray
s,an
d tu
na. M
ore
than
600
mile
s fr
om
the
mai
nlan
d,T
hapa
r ex
plor
es a
chai
n of
ove
r 30
0 is
land
s th
at w
ere
once
par
t of a
mou
ntai
n ra
nge
inso
uthe
ast A
sia.
In th
is r
egio
n,T
hapa
ral
so o
bser
ves
a gr
oup
of "
wor
king
elep
hant
s,"
swim
min
g be
twee
n th
eis
land
s to
hau
l tim
ber
for
peop
le.
TH
EM
E:"
Unk
now
n S
eas"
dem
onst
rate
s ho
w c
reat
ures
inth
e w
ater
s su
rrou
ndin
g th
eIn
dian
sub
cont
inen
t hav
ead
apte
d to
thei
r en
viro
nmen
ts.
INV
OT
A V
EgP
IEtie
DIX
O&
IXA
M
Intr
oduc
ing
the
Pro
gram
As
stud
ents
vie
w "
Unk
now
n S
eas,
"th
ey'll
dis
cove
r th
at a
ppea
ranc
es c
anso
met
imes
be
dece
ptiv
e.A
sk s
tu-
dent
s to
look
at a
pho
togr
aph
of th
ew
hale
sha
rk. E
xpla
in th
at th
is r
are
sea
crea
ture
live
s in
the
Indi
anO
cean
and
can
gro
w a
s la
rge
as s
ixel
epha
nts.
Ask
the
clas
s to
pre
dict
wha
t thi
s sp
ecie
s ea
ts. R
ecor
d al
lhy
poth
eses
on
the
boar
d.
Som
e st
uden
ts m
ay g
uess
that
wha
lesh
arks
eat
oth
er fi
sh. E
xpla
in th
at
they
usu
ally
eat
pla
nkto
n. D
iscu
ssho
w th
e w
hale
sha
rk in
gest
s hu
geam
ount
s of
wat
er, f
ilter
s ou
t the
plan
kton
, and
pus
hes
the
wat
er o
ut
of it
s gi
lls.T
o em
phas
ize
the
impo
r-ta
nce
of la
rge
mar
ine
anim
als,
ask
how
the
ocea
n w
ould
be
diffe
rent
with
out b
ig s
hark
s an
d w
hale
s.W
hyis
it im
port
ant t
o pr
otec
t the
m?
In th
is p
rogr
am, d
ista
nces
and
siz
es
are
desc
ribed
in m
etric
uni
ts. E
xpla
inth
at if
you
kno
w a
dis
tanc
e in
kilo
-m
eter
s, y
ou c
an fi
nd o
ut th
e eq
uiva
-le
nt n
umbe
r of
mile
s by
mul
tiply
ing
by .6
2; s
imila
rly, i
f you
kno
w th
e
leng
th in
met
ers,
you
can
figu
reou
t the
num
ber
of fe
et b
y m
ultip
ly-
ing
by 3
.28.
(A
s an
exa
mpl
e, s
tude
nts
coul
d ca
lcul
ate
how
man
y fe
et lo
nga
fifte
en-m
eter
wha
le s
hark
is.)
Dis
trib
ute
the
Stu
dent
Wor
kshe
et (
Nat
ural
ist's
Gui
de)
Dup
licat
e an
d di
strib
ute
the
Stu
dent
Wor
kshe
et (
Nat
ural
ist's
Gui
de
oppo
site
pag
e) to
stu
dent
s, a
nd p
re-
view
it w
ith th
em. A
s th
ey w
atch
the
prog
ram
, enc
oura
ge s
tude
nts
toob
serv
e th
e co
ral r
eefs
and
the
ani-
Stu
dent
s w
ill:
exam
ine
the
rich
arra
y of
mar
ine
wild
life
that
live
s in
wat
ers
surr
ound
-in
g th
e In
dian
sub
cont
inen
t
disc
uss
the
inte
rrel
atio
nshi
ps o
for
gani
sms
in c
oral
ree
fs
You
may
wis
h to
intr
oduc
e st
uden
tsto
the
voca
bula
ry b
efor
e vi
ewin
g th
epr
ogra
m.
cora
l ree
f nou
n: la
rge
unde
rwat
erst
ruct
ure
built
of t
he s
kele
tons
of
thou
sand
s of
tiny
cre
atur
es c
alle
dco
ral p
olyp
s
crus
tace
an n
oun:
mos
tly a
quat
iccr
eatu
res
that
hav
e ha
rd o
uter
ske
le-
tons
with
join
ted
legs
ecos
yste
m n
oun:
an
inte
rdep
ende
ntco
mm
unity
of a
nim
als
and
plan
tsw
hich
cre
ate
and
sust
ain
a sp
ecifi
cen
viro
nmen
t
plan
kton
plu
ral n
oun:
sm
all,
float
ing
orga
nism
s fo
und
in o
cean
s an
d la
kes
For
stu
dent
s w
ho w
ant t
o le
arn
mor
eab
out t
his
topi
c, s
ugge
st th
e fo
llow
ing:
Bre
eden
, Sta
nley
and
Bel
inda
Wrig
ht.
Thr
ough
the
Tig
er's
Eye
s:A
Chr
onic
leof
Indi
a's
Wild
life.
Ber
kele
y, C
alif.
:Ten
Spe
ed P
ress
, 197
7.
Lies
ke, E
wal
d an
d R
ober
t Mye
rs.
Cor
al R
eef F
ishe
s:C
arib
bean
, Ind
ian
Oce
an. a
nd P
acifi
c O
cean
. Prin
ceto
n,N
.J.:
Prin
ceto
n U
nive
rsity
Pre
ss, 1
997.
Pla
neta
ry C
oral
Ree
f Fou
ndat
ion
http
://w
ww
.per
f.org
Cor
al H
ealth
and
Mon
itorin
g P
rogr
amht
tp://
cora
l.aom
l.noa
a.go
v/
Inte
rnat
iona
l Yea
r of
the
Oce
an (
1998
)
http
://w
ww
.yot
o98.
noaa
.gov
mal
s th
at li
ve th
ere.
Exp
lain
that
, as
acl
ass
proj
ect,
you
will
be
crea
ting
ala
rge
mur
al o
f a c
oral
ree
f.The
ysh
ould
ske
tch
pict
ures
of u
nder
wa-
ter
wild
life
they
wan
t to
incl
ude.
AV
M C
TM
ER
gepa
evis
mE
ncou
rage
stu
dent
s to
dis
cuss
the
prog
ram
and
sha
re th
eir
obse
rva-
tions
.The
follo
win
g qu
estio
ns m
aybe
use
d to
spa
rk d
iscu
ssio
n.
WH
ALE
SH
AR
K°
f
61
R1
7
® M
any
of th
e fis
h th
at li
ve in
cora
l ree
fs a
re b
right
ly c
olor
ed.
Wha
t are
som
e be
nefit
s of
this
?(C
oral
fish
gra
ze o
n al
gae
and
are
high
ly te
rrito
rial.T
he h
ost s
pecu
late
sth
at th
eir
brig
ht c
olor
s se
rve
as a
war
ning
sig
nal t
o ot
her
crea
ture
s to
stay
aw
ay.)
® H
ow d
opr
awns
and
gob
ies
help
eac
h ot
her?
(T
he p
raw
ns a
ndth
e go
bies
sha
re th
e sa
me
hom
e.T
he
praw
ns a
re a
lway
s sh
ovel
ing
sand
,se
arch
ing
for
food
The
gob
ies
get
any
extr
a fo
od th
e pr
awns
dig
up.
Inre
turn
, the
gob
ies
wat
ch fo
r pr
eda-
tors
, as
the
praw
ns a
re a
lmos
t blin
d.)
RA
LI@
Tg
(N9
IDE
/ST
UD
EN
TW
OR
ION
E8,
7otim
igA
mku
rT
UR
Epr
ogra
m3M
GM
PIN
SE
AS
Com
plet
e th
e fir
st a
ctiv
ity a
nd o
ne o
ther
act
ivity
of y
our
choi
ce.
AR
7 U
R7D
EaM
ii'M
aag
raN
OM
g4C
oral
ree
fs a
re fo
und
in w
arm
trop
ical
wat
ers
near
the
equa
tor.
Ree
fs a
re b
uilt
of th
e sk
elet
ons
of th
ousa
nds
of ti
ny c
reat
ures
calle
d po
lyps
. Col
labo
rate
with
you
r cl
ass
to c
reat
e a
larg
em
ural
of a
col
orfu
l cor
al r
eef t
hat m
ight
be
foun
d in
the
Indi
anO
cean
.You
may
use
pic
ture
s fr
om m
agaz
ines
or
book
s fo
r id
eas.
Incl
ude
som
e of
the
sea
crea
ture
s fr
om th
is p
rogr
am:
* G
AR
DE
N E
ELS
* R
EE
F S
HA
RK
* S
TIN
G R
AY
.* M
OR
AY
EE
LS*
SE
A F
AN
S*
CLO
WN
FIS
H
Use
res
ourc
es fr
om y
our
libra
ry a
nd th
e W
eb to
mak
e yo
ur r
eef
as a
uthe
ntic
-look
ing
as p
ossi
ble,
with
hid
ing
plac
es, t
errit
orie
s,gr
azer
s, p
reda
tors
, and
so
on.
Acc
ordi
ng to
som
e ca
lcul
atio
ns, t
en p
erce
nt o
f all
the
wor
ld's
cora
l ree
fs h
ave
been
des
troy
ed, a
nd th
irty
perc
ent w
ill a
ll bu
tdi
sapp
ear
in th
e ne
xt 2
0 ye
ars.
To
find
out w
hy th
is is
hap
pen-
ing,
and
som
e w
ays
that
you
can
get
invo
lved
with
pro
tect
ing
cora
l ree
fs, c
onta
ct p
roje
cts
and
orga
niza
tions
like
Sea
Web
(ww
w.s
eaw
eb.o
rg)
and
the
Cor
al R
eef A
llian
ce (
ww
w.c
oral
.org
).
virm
igpu
a IZ
IXE
liSh
Vag
Val
mik
Tha
par
calls
it "
one
of th
e m
ost e
xtra
ordi
nary
nat
ural
his
tory
eve
nts
in th
e w
orld
." H
e is
talk
ing
abou
t whe
n te
ns o
f tho
usan
ds o
f fem
ale
oliv
erid
ley
turt
les
swim
to th
e ea
st c
oast
of I
ndia
to la
y th
eir
eggs
on
the
beac
h.T
hese
mot
her
turt
les
have
not
bee
n on
this
land
sin
ce th
ey w
ere
hatc
hed
ther
e, a
bout
twen
ty y
ears
bef
ore.
Man
y ha
ve tr
avel
ed th
ousa
nds
of m
iles
toge
t the
re. U
se r
esou
rces
in th
e lib
rary
to fi
nd o
ut w
hat s
cien
tists
hav
ele
arne
d ab
out t
hese
turt
les.
How
, afte
r al
l tho
se y
ears
, can
they
find
the
plac
ew
here
they
em
erge
d fr
om th
eir
shel
ls?
Wha
t oth
er a
nim
als,
suc
h as
sal
mon
and
puffi
ns, a
lso
retu
rn to
thei
r bi
rthp
lace
to b
reed
? P
rese
nt y
our
findi
ngs
toyo
ur c
lass
.
g,
v-ti
- 0-
,
WA
VE
a A
R79
WE
IDIE
'Vg
As
this
pro
gram
illu
stra
tes,
bod
ies
ofw
ater
can
hav
e a
prof
ound
impa
ct o
nth
e pe
ople
and
wild
life
that
live
nea
rby.
Get
a m
ap o
f the
reg
ion
whe
re y
ou li
vean
d m
ake
note
of a
ny b
odie
s of
wat
eryo
u se
e U
sing
res
ourc
es fr
om th
e lo
cal
libra
ry a
nd p
erha
ps y
our
city
hal
l, fin
dou
t whi
ch b
odie
s of
wat
er a
re n
atur
alan
d w
hich
are
man
-mad
e, a
nd w
hich
wer
e dr
aine
d or
dre
dged
or
fille
d in
.F
ind
out s
ome
exam
ples
of t
he ty
pes
offis
h an
d ot
her
crea
ture
s th
at li
ved
inth
ese
wat
ers
and
that
live
ther
e no
w. I
fpo
ssib
le, g
athe
r so
me
pict
ures
that
sho
wth
e sp
ecie
s th
at li
ve in
you
r lo
cal l
akes
,riv
ers,
or
ocea
n. P
rese
nt y
our
rese
arch
to y
our
clas
s.
vtri
n T
aLm
zlif
You
are
invi
ted
to v
iew
NA
TU
RE
. As
you
wat
chth
e pr
ogra
m, i
mag
ine
how
your
life
wou
ld b
e di
ffere
ntif
you
had
grow
n up
on
anis
land
in th
e In
dian
Oce
an.
Afte
r th
e pr
ogra
m, d
iscu
ssyo
ur id
eas
with
you
r fa
mily
.
Nat
ural
ists
are
ded
icat
edto
iden
tifyi
ng a
ndpr
eser
ving
the
enor
mou
sva
riety
of p
lant
s an
dan
imal
s th
at th
rive
in th
e oc
ean.
The
se m
ater
ials
wer
e m
ade
poss
ibeb
y P
ark
Fou
ndat
ion,
Can
on U
.S.A
., In
c., F
ord
Mot
or C
ompa
ny, a
nd T
IAA
-CR
EF
.19
Bro
adea
slD
amN
ovem
ber
998
paco
mm
aV
igaV
iggN
Man
y pe
ople
thin
k of
des
erts
as
bar-
ren,
life
less
pla
ces.
But
in th
e T
har
Des
ert i
n no
rthw
est I
ndia
and
eas
t-er
n P
akis
tan,
a r
ich
varie
ty o
f wild
life
thriv
es. I
n ad
ditio
n, th
e T
har
is o
ver-
flow
ing
with
peo
ple;
it is
the
mos
the
avily
pop
ulat
ed d
eser
t in
the
wor
ld.
A fa
scin
atin
g ar
ray
of a
nim
als
man
-
ages
to g
et b
y w
ith m
inim
al q
uant
i-tie
s of
wat
er.T
he c
hink
ara
(Ind
ian
gaze
lle),
for
exam
ple,
sur
vive
s w
ith-
out d
rinki
ng w
ater
. at a
ll. It
get
s al
lth
e m
oist
ure
it ne
eds
from
the
mor
ning
dew
and
from
the
leav
es o
fsh
rubs
.
Tha
par
visi
ts w
ith a
trib
e of
.peo
ple
calle
d th
e ,B
ishn
oi, w
ho a
re th
e "t
rue
guar
dian
s of
the
dese
rt:'
The
y're
stric
t veg
etar
ians
, and
thei
r cu
lture
forb
ids
the
killi
ng o
f any
ani
mal
.The
Bis
hnoi
will
take
incr
edib
le r
isks
topr
even
t har
m to
ani
mal
s.T
hapa
rde
scrib
es h
ow a
you
ng B
ishn
oi w
asfa
tally
sho
t in
an e
ffort
to p
rote
ct a
chin
kara
from
a p
oach
er's
bul
let.
The
des
ert i
s a
wor
ld o
f ext
rem
es.
For
sev
en m
onth
s, th
ere
is n
ot a
drop
of r
ain
then
sud
denl
y, it
is a
s
if th
e oc
ean
has
inva
ded
the
land
.Am
onso
on a
rriv
es a
nd d
renc
hes
the
dese
rt. D
urin
g th
is b
rief w
et p
erio
d,m
any
anim
als,
suc
h as
wild
ass
es,
bree
d.
TH
EM
E:"
Des
ert K
ingd
om"
illus
trat
es h
ow a
har
shcl
imat
e af
fect
s th
e liv
es o
fan
imal
s an
d hu
man
s.
80
KIN
GD
OM
BU
M V
EU
VW
S,
cir
DB
OM
MIn
trod
ucin
g th
e P
rogr
am
Usi
ng a
map
or
glob
e, s
how
stu
-de
nts
the
loca
tion
of th
e T
har
Des
ert.
Alth
ough
som
e pe
ople
thin
k of
des
erts
as
lifel
ess
sand
dune
s, e
xpla
in th
at th
is p
rogr
am,
"Des
ert K
ingd
om:'
will
sho
w e
xam
-pl
es o
f ove
r 25
diff
eren
t kin
ds o
fan
imal
s th
at th
rive
in th
e T
har.
Ask
stu
dent
s to
pre
dict
wha
t kin
dsof
wild
life
mig
ht li
ve th
ere.
Writ
e al
lth
e su
gges
tions
on
the
boar
d.
The
tem
pera
ture
in th
e de
sert
can
get o
ppre
ssiv
ely
hot.
Sin
ce T
hapa
rgi
ves
all t
empe
ratu
res
in C
elsi
us, i
the
lps
to k
now
the
Fah
renh
eit e
quiv
-al
ent.T
o co
nver
t Cel
sius
toF
ahre
nhei
t, m
ultip
ly b
y 1.
8 an
d ad
d
32 d
egre
es.A
t its
hot
test
, the
tem
-pe
ratu
re in
Tha
r ca
n re
ach
over
50
degr
ees
Cel
sius
or o
ver
120
degr
ees
Fah
renh
eit.
Dis
trib
ute
the
Stu
dent
Wor
kshe
et (
Nat
ural
ist's
Gui
de)
Dup
licat
e
and
dist
ribut
e
the
Stu
dent
Wor
kshe
et
(Nat
ural
ist's
Gui
de
oppo
site
pag
e) to
stud
ents
, and
pre
view
it w
ith
them
As
they
wat
ch th
epr
ogra
m, e
ncou
rage
stu
dent
s to
keep
a li
st o
f the
way
s th
at
the
anim
als
affe
ct th
e pe
ople
's
lives
, and
vic
e ve
rsa.
Stu
dent
s w
ill:
exam
ine
how
som
e an
imal
s ha
vead
apte
d to
the
arid
clim
ate
of th
eG
reat
Indi
an D
eser
tst
udy
how
the
lives
of p
eopl
e an
dan
imal
s in
the
Indi
an d
eser
ts h
ave
beco
me
inte
rtw
ined
You
may
wis
h to
intr
oduc
e st
uden
tsto
the
voca
bula
ry b
efor
e vi
ewin
g th
epr
ogra
m.
buck
nou
n: a
mal
e de
er o
r an
telo
pe
cons
erva
tion
noun
: the
pro
tect
ion
and
pres
erva
tion
of fo
rest
s, w
ildlif
e,an
d na
tura
l res
ourc
es
dese
rt n
oun:
ofte
n ho
t, dr
y, s
andy
plac
es w
here
ver
y sp
ecia
lized
pla
nts
grow
bec
ause
ther
e is
so
little
rai
nan
d so
muc
h ev
apor
atio
n
dung
nou
n: a
nim
al d
ropp
ings
foal
nou
n: a
you
ng h
orse
, don
key,
or
zebr
a
mon
soon
nou
n: s
tron
g, s
easo
nal
win
ds, e
spec
ially
in th
e In
dian
Oce
an
and
Sou
thea
st A
sia;
a s
easo
n of
hea
vyra
infa
ll
stal
lion
noun
: an
adul
t mal
e ho
rse
wat
erho
le n
oun:
a n
atur
al h
ole
orho
llow
con
tain
ing
wat
er, w
here
ani
-m
als
com
e to
drin
k w
hen
ther
e ar
eno
lake
s or
riv
ers
near
by
For
stu
dent
s w
ho w
ant t
o le
arn
mor
eab
out t
his
topi
c, s
ugge
st th
e fo
llow
ing:
Axw
orth
y,A
nn a
nd A
nni A
xwor
thy.
Ann
i's In
dia
Dia
ry. D
anve
rs, M
ass:
Whi
sper
ing
Coy
ote
Pre
ss, 1
992.
Writ
ten
by a
10-
year
.old
girl
dur
ing
her
fam
ily's
trip
to In
dia.
Gan
eri,A
nita
. Exp
lora
tion
into
Indi
a.P
arsi
pann
y, N
J.: S
ilver
Bur
dett
Pre
ss,
1995
.
Indi
a: R
ajas
than
http
://w
ww
.inco
re.c
om/in
dia/
raj.h
tml
Raj
asth
an W
ebht
tp://
ww
w.r
ajas
than
web
.com
Arir
gB V
iEgt
IgR
7*41
15,
cona
mbu
yaE
ncou
rage
stu
dent
s to
dis
cuss
the
prog
ram
and
sha
re th
eir
obse
rva-
tions
.The
follo
win
g qu
estio
ns m
aybe
use
d to
spa
rk d
iscu
ssio
n.
® H
ow d
o th
e pe
ople
of t
he1
villa
ge o
f Khe
echa
n he
lp c
rane
sI
surv
ive?
(F
or h
undr
eds
of y
ears
,th
e pe
ople
of K
heec
han
have
fed
the
dem
oise
lle c
rane
s hu
ge
6amou
nts
of g
rain
eve
ry d
ay.
In fa
ct, t
he c
rane
s fly
ove
ra
thou
sand
mile
s fr
omth
eir
bree
ding
grou
nds
in C
entr
al A
sia
to th
e vi
llage
of K
heec
han.
)
0 S
ince
cow
s ar
e sa
cred
inIn
dia,
wha
t do
the
peop
le d
ow
hen
thes
e an
imal
s di
e? H
ow
does
this
affe
ct th
e vu
lture
popu
latio
n? (
Eve
ry d
ay, t
he la
rge
dead
ani
mal
s ar
e ta
ken
to th
e ed
geof
the
city
by
a sm
all g
roup
of p
eo-
ple
calle
d th
e C
ham
ars,
who
rem
ove
thei
r sk
ins.
The
n vu
lture
s de
scen
dfr
om th
e sk
y an
d de
vour
the
carc
ass
until
just
the
bone
s ar
e le
ftWith
out
vultu
res,
the
disp
osal
of d
ead
ani-
mal
s in
Indi
a w
ould
be
diffi
cult.
)
® W
hat a
dapt
atio
n en
able
sth
e cl
imbi
ng p
erch
to s
urvi
ve in
the
dese
rt?
(Ove
r th
e ce
ntur
ies,
the
clim
bing
per
ch b
ecam
e a
fish
that
cou
ld s
urvi
ve o
ut o
f wat
er fo
rm
ore
than
24
hour
s.T
he c
limbi
ngpe
rch
has
lung
-like
org
ans
in a
ddi-
tion
to g
ills.
Thi
s ty
pe o
f fis
h ca
ncl
imb
out o
f sha
llow
wat
er, c
raw
lac
ross
mud
, and
see
k ou
t a d
eepe
r
pond
to li
ve in
.)
1
GU
TU
RA
LV
Tg
IDE
/ST
IOD
EN
TW
OR
ICSl
iEE
T@
voth
iggf
fAR
ET
TU
RE
prog
ram
ME
RV
CSS
R7G
DO
M
Com
plet
e th
e fir
st a
ctiv
ity a
nd o
ne o
ther
act
ivity
of y
our
choi
ce.
UN
EV
NE
, cga
vEnv
emW
ater
hole
s he
lp m
any
anim
als
surv
ive
in th
e de
sert
.Aro
und
this
pic
ture
, ske
tch
and
writ
e th
e na
mes
of f
ive
anim
als
that
you
mig
ht fi
nd a
t a w
ater
hole
in In
dia,
suc
h as
vul
ture
s, s
oft-
shel
ltu
rtle
s, p
ied
king
fishe
rs, a
nd n
ilgai
(In
dia'
s la
rges
t ant
elop
e).
VA
ME
GS5
MA
ER
7
Whe
n it
does
n't r
ain
for
wee
ks a
t a ti
me,
eve
n th
e w
ette
st c
ities
inA
mer
ica
can
beco
me
like
dese
rts
with
loca
l wild
life
suffe
ring.
Res
earc
hth
e w
orst
dro
ught
you
r ho
met
own
has
expe
rienc
ed. H
ow lo
ng d
id y
our
city
or
tow
n go
with
out r
ain?
In th
e lo
cal l
ibra
ry, y
ou m
ay b
e ab
le to
find
artic
les
abou
t how
you
r lo
cal g
over
nmen
t han
dled
this
cris
is.Y
ou m
ay a
lso
try
to in
terv
iew
peo
ple
who
live
d in
you
r ho
met
own
durin
g th
is d
ry s
pell.
Tur
n yo
ur r
esea
rch
into
a b
rief n
ews
repo
rt, a
nd p
rese
nt it
to y
our
clas
s.
UR
.C3A
4 66
1A6E
RM
R.6
Vul
ture
s ea
t the
rem
ains
of d
ead
anim
als.
We
call
crea
ture
s th
at s
earc
h fo
ran
d ea
t foo
d th
at h
as b
een
aban
done
d by
oth
er a
nim
als,
sca
veng
ers.
In c
ities
,
pige
ons
som
etim
es p
lay
this
rol
e.A
lthou
gh s
ome
peop
le d
islik
e th
ese
bird
s,th
ey h
elp
keep
the
garb
age
leve
l dow
n in
our
citi
es. R
esea
rch
and
repo
rt o
nP
roje
ct P
igeo
n W
atch
on
the
Inte
rnet
at h
ttp://
bird
s.co
rnel
l.edu
&eb
ing
906%
VA
E U
LM
EIM
I.Y
ou a
re in
vite
d to
vie
wN
AT
UR
E.A
s yo
u w
atch
the
prog
ram
, loo
k fo
r ex
ampl
esof
the
impo
rtan
t rol
es th
atan
imal
s pl
ay in
the
lives
of
peop
le in
Indi
an s
ubco
nti-
nent
.Afte
r th
e pr
ogra
m,
disc
uss
your
obs
erva
tions
.
Con
serv
atio
nist
s su
ppor
tth
e es
tabl
ishm
ent o
fN
atio
nal P
arks
to p
rese
rve
and
prot
ect w
ildlif
e in
its
natu
ral h
abita
ts.
2,ke
22
The
se m
ater
ials
wer
e m
ade
poss
ible
by
park
Fou
ndat
ion,
Can
on U
.S.A
., In
c., F
ord
Mot
or C
ompa
ny, a
nd T
IAA
-CR
EF
.
VU
EG
OD
S
Dge
@ab
tafa
OV
EA
VE
EW
In "
Mou
ntai
ns o
f the
God
s,"V
alm
ikT
hapa
r ta
kes
view
ers
on a
jour
ney
to th
e m
ajes
tic H
imal
ayas
, the
wor
ld's
hig
hest
mou
ntai
n ra
nge.
The
Him
alay
as e
xten
d fo
r ap
prox
imat
ely
1550
mile
s, a
nd th
eir
varie
d ha
bita
ts
from
sno
wy
peak
s to
riv
erbe
ds to
subt
ropi
cal f
ores
tssu
ppor
t a s
ur-
pris
ing
num
ber
of u
nusu
al c
reat
ures
.
Acc
ordi
ng to
a H
indu
lege
nd, t
heH
imal
ayas
wer
e fo
rmed
whe
n
Mot
her
Ear
th w
as a
ttack
ed b
y a
dem
on a
nd h
er li
mbs
wer
e th
row
nto
war
ds th
e sk
y. G
eolo
gist
s te
ll a
diffe
rent
but
equ
ally
dra
mat
ic s
tory
.M
illio
ns o
f yea
rs a
go, t
he.H
imal
ayas
wer
e at
the
botto
m o
f wha
t is
toda
yth
e In
dian
Oce
an.A
t tha
t tim
e, In
dia
was
a la
rge
isla
nd, d
riftin
g no
rth.
Eve
ntua
lly, i
t cra
shed
into
Asi
a w
ith
such
forc
e th
at th
e co
llisi
on c
rum
-pl
ed th
e ea
rth'
s cr
ust
and
a gi
ant
mou
ntai
n ra
nge
was
bor
n.
Tha
par
expl
ores
the
high
mou
ntai
nsof
Lad
akh,
hom
e of
the
snow
leop
-ar
d. E
ach
win
ter,
peo
ple
in In
dia
flock
to th
e nu
mer
ous
mon
aste
ries
in L
adak
h fo
r B
uddh
ist f
estiv
als.
To
Bud
dhis
ts, a
ll lif
e is
link
ed in
an
end-
less
cyc
le o
f dea
th a
nd r
ebirt
h.T
heir
reve
renc
e fo
r al
l liv
ing
thin
gs h
as
mad
e th
ese
mon
aste
ries
a ha
ven
for
wild
life.
In tu
rn, a
nim
als
are
vita
l to
g
the
surv
ival
of t
he p
eopl
e he
re.
TH
EM
E: I
n th
e ha
rsh
clim
ate
of th
e H
imal
ayas
, ani
mal
s an
dpe
ople
are
vita
l to
each
othe
r's s
urvi
val.
SgV
egg
VgE
47 M
:7@
,T
liE D
gelg
i4A
MIn
trod
ucin
g th
e P
rogr
am
Ask
stu
dent
s to
loca
te th
eH
imal
ayas
on
a gl
obe
or m
ap.T
ell
them
that
this
mou
ntai
n ra
nge
isab
out 1
550
mile
s lo
ng. E
xpla
in th
at"M
ount
ains
of t
he G
ods"
sho
ws
how
the
clim
ate
in th
e sn
ow-c
appe
dH
imal
ayas
mak
es it
diff
icul
t for
bot
hpe
ople
and
wild
ani
mal
s to
sur
vive
.
Ask
stu
dent
s to
dis
cuss
wha
t kin
dsof
ani
mal
s th
ey m
ight
exp
ect t
o fin
din
thes
e co
ld c
ondi
tions
.Writ
edo
wn
all s
ugge
stio
ns s
o st
uden
ts c
anlo
ok a
t the
m a
s th
ey w
atch
the
pro-
gram
.
,S
tude
nts
will
:
Jobs
erve
how
the
Him
alay
an m
oun-
tain
ran
ge s
uppo
rts
a ric
h va
riety
of
anim
al li
fe
J co
mpa
re a
nd c
ontr
ast g
eolo
gica
lan
d m
ytho
logi
cal e
xpla
natio
ns fo
rho
w th
e H
imal
ayas
wer
e fo
rmed
You
may
wis
h to
intr
oduc
e st
uden
tsto
the
voca
bula
ry b
efor
e vi
ewin
g th
epr
ogra
m.
carr
ion
noun
: dea
d, d
ecay
ing
anim
alfle
sh; o
ften
eate
n by
sca
veng
ers
man
tra
noun
: a s
acre
d w
ord
or s
ound
that
is r
epea
ted
as a
n m
ystic
al c
hant
in th
e H
indu
and
Bud
dhis
t fai
ths
mel
twat
er n
oun:
wat
er m
elte
d fr
omsn
ow o
r ic
e
mon
aste
ry n
oun:
a g
roup
of b
uild
ings
whe
re m
onks
live
and
wor
k in
sec
lu-
sion
and
con
tem
plat
ion
of th
eir
reli-
giou
s vo
ws
plat
eau
noun
: an
area
of h
igh,
flat l
and
scav
enge
r no
m: a
n an
imal
that
sear
ches
for
and
eats
food
that
has
been
aba
ndon
ed b
y ot
hers
For
stu
dent
s w
ho w
ant t
o le
arn
mor
eab
out t
his
topi
c, s
ugge
st th
e fo
llow
ing:
Roo
s, S
tew
art.
Dem
ons
and
Dra
gons
:M
yths
of C
hina
, Jap
an a
nd In
dia.
Pro
vide
nce,
R.I.
: Cop
per
Bee
chB
ooks
, 199
8.
Sat
tler,
Hel
en R
oney
and
Giu
lioM
aest
ro. O
ur P
atch
wor
k P
lane
t:The
Sto
ry o
f Pla
te T
ecto
nics
. New
Yor
k:Lo
thro
p Le
e &
She
pard
, 199
5.
Des
tinat
ion
Him
alay
as:
Whe
re E
arth
Mee
ts S
kyht
tp://
libra
ry.a
dvan
ced.
org/
l 0 I
31/ja
vasc
riptm
enu_
final
.htm
l
Sag
arm
atha
Nat
iona
l Par
kht
tp://
firew
all.u
nesc
o.or
g/w
hchi
tes1
120.
htm
Dur
ing
win
ter,
find
ing
food
can
be
diffi
cult
for
man
y an
imal
s.T
he m
ark-
hor
(mou
ntai
n go
ats)
som
etim
escl
imb
tree
s to
find
sus
tena
nce.
Whe
n th
e sn
ow m
elts
, sca
veng
ers
such
as
vultu
res
devo
ur th
e re
mai
nsof
car
cass
es le
ft be
hind
by
pred
ator
s.
Tha
par
ends
this
pro
gram
with
atr
ip to
Nam
obud
da, w
here
, leg
end
has
it, B
uddh
a ga
ve h
is li
fe to
a
star
ving
tigr
ess
and
her
cubs
.Thi
sle
gend
has
bee
n co
mm
emor
ated
with
a s
tone
scu
lptu
re.
I 0
Dis
trib
ute
the
Stu
dent
Wor
kshe
et (
Nat
ural
ist's
Gui
de)
Dup
licat
e an
d di
strib
ute
the
Stu
dent
Wor
kshe
et (
Nat
ural
ist's
Gui
deop
posi
te p
age)
to s
tude
nts
and
pre-
view
it w
ith th
em.A
s th
ey w
atch
the
prog
ram
, enc
oura
ge th
em to
look
for
exam
ples
of B
uddh
ist
belie
fs a
nd le
gend
s ab
out a
nim
als
that
live
in th
e H
imal
ayas
.
Ari
rEg
CT
EM
ER
7*17
gOO
SAW
1
Enc
oura
ge s
tude
nts
to d
iscu
ss th
epr
ogra
m a
nd s
hare
thei
r ob
serv
a-tio
ns.T
he fo
llow
ing
ques
tions
may
be u
sed
to s
park
dis
cuss
ion.
0 F
or H
indu
s, th
e G
aum
ukh
Riv
erth
e G
ange
s' s
ourc
e in
the
mou
ntai
nsis
am
ong
the
holie
st p
lace
s in
the
Him
alay
as.
In w
hat w
ays
do th
e ho
ly m
enkn
own
as s
adhu
bel
ieve
this
glac
ial r
iver
can
hel
p th
em?
(The
Him
alay
as a
re th
ough
t of a
sth
e M
ount
ains
of t
he G
ods.
By
bath
ing
in th
e sa
cred
wat
ers
of th
eG
aum
ukh,
sad
hu b
elie
ve th
ey c
an
clea
nse
thei
r so
uls.
)
0 A
s re
d pa
ndas
mov
eth
roug
h th
e fo
rest
, the
y m
ark
thei
r tr
ails
with
a s
cent
.Why
do
they
do
this
? W
hy e
lse
mig
ht a
nan
imal
mar
k its
terr
itory
? (B
ym
arki
ng th
eir
trai
ls, t
he r
ed p
anda
sno
rmal
ly s
olita
ry c
reat
ures
can
find
one
anot
her
durin
g m
atin
g se
a-so
n.A
noth
er r
easo
n an
ani
mal
mar
ks it
s te
rrito
ry is
to w
arn
othe
rm
embe
rs o
f the
sam
e sp
ecie
s to
"kee
p ou
t.")
CO
TU
RA
LI@
c?@
®13
IDE
/ST
UD
EN
TW
OR
KS
HE
ET
orily
m2e
Nw
erkl
AT
UR
Ep
rog
ra m
MO
UN
TA
IN@
CU
VO
JCS
GO
DS
!ILIA
D G
3AgR
TZ
,&
OE
'R7&
VA
R1
Indi
a re
ceiv
es m
ost o
f its
annu
al r
ainf
all d
urin
g th
em
onso
on s
easo
n (b
etw
een
June
and
Sep
tem
ber)
. In
som
e pa
rts
of n
orth
east
ern
Indi
a, m
ore
than
120
inch
esof
rai
n fa
lls d
urin
g th
e ye
aran
d so
me
area
s ge
t an
aver
age
of 4
50 in
ches
of
rain
! Use
the
libra
ry o
r th
eIn
tern
et to
res
earc
h th
eav
erag
e pr
ecip
itatio
n in
you
rho
me
stat
e. M
ake
a gr
aph
show
ing
the
aver
age
prec
ipi-
tatio
n fo
r ea
ch m
onth
, add
up th
e to
tal,
and
com
pare
itw
ith th
e an
nual
rai
nfal
l in
nort
heas
tern
Indi
a.
A M
AR
7C9.
Epeaw
The
re a
re tw
o am
azin
g st
orie
sof
how
the
Him
alay
as w
ere
crea
ted
the
lege
nd o
f Vis
hnu
and
Mot
her
Ear
th a
nd th
e ge
o-lo
gica
l The
ory
of C
ontin
enta
lD
rift.W
ork
with
ano
ther
stu
-de
nt to
res
earc
h th
ese
two
stor
ies.
The
lege
nd c
omes
from
an e
pic
calle
d th
e M
ahab
hara
ta;
the
drift
theo
ry w
as d
evel
oped
by A
lfred
Weg
ener
in 1
912.
The
n co
llabo
rate
on
a tw
o-pa
rtbo
ok th
at te
lls h
ow th
eH
imal
ayas
wer
e fo
rmed
.Whe
nre
ad o
ne w
ay, t
he b
ook
pre-
sent
s th
e le
gend
.Whe
n fli
pped
and
read
the
othe
r w
ay, t
hebo
ok p
rese
nts
the
geol
ogic
alex
plan
atio
n. C
reat
e ill
ustr
a-tio
ns fo
r yo
ur b
ook,
and
sha
reit
with
the
clas
s.
Com
plet
e th
e fir
st a
ctiv
ity a
nd o
ne o
ther
act
ivity
of y
our
choi
ce.
TO
TA
LIN
INC
HE
S
60 . 5° T i
35 T
30 2S 20 11 T
11 o
T
nME
RA
GE
PR
EC
OP
TIT
AU
D(M
7uaffamif
You
are
invi
ted
to v
iew
NA
TU
RE
.As
you
wat
ch th
epr
ogra
m, l
ook
for
exam
ples
of w
hy th
e H
imal
ayas
are
som
etim
es c
alle
d "a
froz
ende
sert
?' In
add
ition
, loo
k fo
rso
me
way
s th
at a
nim
als
and
peop
le h
elp
each
oth
er s
ur-
vive
in th
is h
arsh
clim
ate.
A g
eolo
gist
stu
dies
the
eart
h to
dev
elop
theo
ries
abou
t the
plan
et's
evo
lutio
n.
6
JAN
FE
BM
AR
AP
RM
AY
JUN
EJU
LYA
UG
SE
PT
OC
TN
OV
DE
C
,t
-*
`'V
"))
",
OB
OD
ZR
7vaa oar/ma
The
sca
rcity
of f
ood
in th
eH
imal
ayas
enc
oura
ges
anim
als
tobe
res
ourc
eful
in g
ettin
g th
eir
mea
ls.T
he b
eard
ed v
ultu
re, f
orex
ampl
e, d
rops
ani
mal
bon
eson
to r
ocks
to c
rack
them
ope
n,so
they
can
eat
the
mar
row
insi
de. U
se th
e lib
rary
or
the
Inte
rnet
to fi
nd o
ther
bird
s, s
uch
as h
errin
g gu
lls, t
hat u
se h
ard
rock
s an
d gr
avity
to g
et a
t the
irm
eals
. Do
you
thin
k th
is b
ehav
-io
r is
inst
inct
or
lear
ned?
Wor
kw
ith a
noth
er s
tude
nt to
figu
reou
t how
you
mig
ht e
xplo
re th
ean
swer
to th
is q
uest
ion.
The
se m
ater
ials
wer
e m
ade
ible
by
Par
k F
ound
atio
n, C
anon
U.S
.A.,
Inc.
, For
d M
otor
Com
pany
, and
TIA
A-C
RE
F.
TIG
ER
/MO
NS
OO
NF
OR
ES
TS
Ate
@ila
Rsa
OV
ER
VIN
VA
7
In th
is fi
nal p
rogr
am in
the
serie
s,V
alm
ik T
hapa
r ta
kes
the
view
er o
n a
jour
ney
thro
ugh
the
mis
ty, g
reen
rain
fore
sts
of th
e In
dian
sub
cont
i-
nent
.Tha
par
seek
s ou
t som
e of
the
rare
st a
nim
als
in th
e w
orld
, suc
h as
the
liont
ail m
acaq
ue. S
ince
thes
e
mac
aque
s ca
n't d
iges
t lea
ves,
they
mus
t sta
y in
the
fore
st, w
here
frui
t,se
eds,
and
inse
cts
are
wid
ely
avai
l-ab
le y
ear
roun
d.
Som
e an
imal
s ar
e on
the
Indi
an s
ub-
cont
inen
t as
a re
sult
of a
col
lisio
n of
the
tect
onic
pla
tes
bene
ath
Sou
thea
st A
sia
and
wha
t is
now
Indi
a. In
oth
er w
ords
, a fe
w s
peci
esna
tive
to A
sia
mig
rate
d to
Indi
a,in
clud
ing
the
gibb
on, t
he c
obra
, and
the
flyin
g fr
og.
Tha
par
mar
vels
at h
ow th
e pe
ople
who
live
in th
e m
onso
on fo
rest
clim
b ta
ll tr
ees
to g
et h
oney
from
aw
ild b
ees'
nes
t.Thi
s an
cien
t ski
ll is
hand
ed d
own
from
fath
er to
son
,fr
om o
ne g
ener
atio
n to
the
next
.
28
Fig
s pl
ay a
n es
sent
ial r
ole
in th
e
mon
soon
fore
sts.
Man
y cr
eatu
res
depe
nd o
n th
em fo
r su
rviv
al, i
nclu
d-in
g th
e gr
eat p
ied
horn
bills
, the
Mal
abar
gra
y ho
rnbi
lls, a
nd th
e N
ilgiri
lang
urs.
By
eatin
g fig
s, th
e ho
rnbi
llshe
lp s
catte
r th
e fig
see
ds fa
r an
dw
ide.
Was
ps a
lso
aid
fig p
ollin
atio
n.
Tha
par
visi
ts th
e la
rges
t ban
yan
tree
in th
e w
orld
, so
vast
it c
ould
cov
erfiv
e so
ccer
fiel
ds. T
his
tree
is s
oho
ly th
at if
a p
erso
n ac
cide
ntal
lypi
cks
up a
leaf
from
it, h
e or
she
mus
t ret
urn
it or
ris
k th
e fu
ry o
fth
e go
ds.T
hapa
r th
en tr
avel
s to
Sri
Lank
a, a
n is
land
off
the
sout
hern
coas
t of I
ndia
. Sri
Lank
a ha
s m
ore
uniq
ue s
peci
es th
an a
nyw
here
els
ein
the
subc
ontin
ent.
Hal
f a b
illio
n pe
ople
in In
dia
wor
ship
Gan
esh,
the
elep
hant
god
. How
ever
,el
epha
nts
in In
dia
epito
miz
e th
epa
rado
xes
of h
uman
rel
atio
nshi
ps
with
the
wild
.Alth
ough
ele
phan
tsca
n de
stro
y cr
ops
or p
ose
othe
rda
nger
s, th
ey a
re r
arel
y ki
lled.
Inst
ead,
som
e ar
e tr
aine
d an
d ca
red
for
by m
ahou
ts, w
ho e
ven
prep
are
spec
ial f
ood
for
the
elep
hant
s.
TH
EM
E:"
Mon
soon
For
ests
"ill
ustr
ates
how
a m
oist
cli-
mat
e ca
n cr
eate
gre
at b
iodi
-ve
rsity
and
fost
er r
emar
kabl
ein
tera
ctio
ns b
etw
een
plan
ts,
anim
als,
and
hum
ans.
IMFO
RA
VE
MM
IA,
4I1E
DB
OM
AG
RI
Intr
oduc
ing
the
Pro
gram
Sho
w a
map
of t
he In
dian
sub
cont
i-ne
nt, a
nd e
xpla
in th
at a
n en
orm
ous
area
was
onc
e en
tirel
y "w
etfo
rest
s:' T
his
"gre
en p
athw
ay"
mad
eit
poss
ible
for
anim
als
to tr
avel
grea
t dis
tanc
es o
n la
nd. D
ue to
chan
ges
in c
limat
e an
d hu
man
act
iv-
ities
suc
h as
cut
ting
dow
n fo
rest
sfo
r cr
opla
nd, m
onso
on fo
rest
s ar
eno
w r
estr
icte
d pr
imar
ily to
thre
ear
eas:
Sri
Lank
a, th
e W
este
rn G
hats
,an
d N
orth
east
Indi
a.
Ask
stu
dent
s to
use
wha
t the
ykn
ow a
bout
rai
nfor
ests
to m
ake
pred
ictio
ns a
bout
the
kind
s of
ani
-m
als
that
mig
ht li
ve th
ere.
If tim
ean
d re
sour
ces
perm
it, y
ou c
ould
supp
lem
ent t
his
open
ing
activ
ity b
yga
ther
ing
book
s w
ith p
ictu
res
of 2
0di
ffere
nt a
nim
als.
Ask
stu
dent
s to
pred
ict w
heth
er th
ey'd
exp
ect t
ofin
d ea
ch a
nim
al in
the
mon
soon
fore
sts
of In
dia.
Dis
trib
ute
the
Stu
dent
Wor
kshe
et (
Nat
ural
ist's
Gui
de)
Dup
licat
e an
d di
strib
ute
the
Stu
dent
Wor
kshe
et (
Nat
ural
ist's
Gui
deop
posi
te p
age)
to s
tude
nts
and
pre-
view
it w
ith th
em. A
s th
ey w
atch
the
prog
ram
, enc
oura
ge s
tude
nts
toob
serv
e ho
w h
uman
s in
tera
ct w
ithan
imal
s in
Indi
a, a
nd to
con
tras
t thi
sto
suc
h in
tera
ctio
ns in
the
U.S
.
.',
Stu
dent
s w
ill:
disc
uss
the
com
plex
coe
xist
ence
of
hum
ans
and
wild
ani
mal
s in
the
rain
fore
sts
of th
e In
dian
sub
cont
inen
tob
serv
e th
e en
orm
ous
influ
ence
asi
ngle
pla
ntth
e fig
tree
, for
exa
m-
ple
can
have
on
the
surv
ival
of a
varie
ty o
f cre
atur
es
You
may
wis
h to
intr
oduc
e st
uden
tsto
the
voca
bula
ry b
efor
e vi
ewin
g th
epr
ogra
m.
cam
oufla
ge n
oun:
col
orin
g th
atal
low
s an
imal
s to
ble
nd in
with
thei
rsu
rrou
ndin
gs
mah
out n
oun:
per
son
in In
dia
who
dom
estic
ates
and
trai
ns w
ild e
leph
ants
mon
soon
nou
n: s
tron
g, s
easo
nal
win
ds, e
spec
ially
in th
e In
dian
Oce
anan
d S
outh
east
Asi
a; a
sea
son
of v
ery
heav
y ra
infa
ll
rut n
oun:
an
annu
al p
erio
d of
sex
ual
exci
tem
ent a
nd r
epro
duct
ive
activ
ity
For
stu
dent
s w
ho w
ant t
o le
arn
mor
eab
out t
his
topi
c, s
ugge
st th
e fo
llow
ing:
;
Rai
n F
ores
ts is
one
of a
ser
ies
ofbo
oks
from
the
Hab
itat E
colo
gyLe
arni
ng P
rogr
am (
HE
LP)
of th
eW
ildlif
e C
onse
rvat
ion
Soc
iety
. For
mor
e in
form
atio
n, c
onta
ct th
eM
anag
er o
f Nat
iona
l Pro
gram
s at
:
Edu
catio
n D
epar
tmen
tB
ronx
Zoo
/Wild
life
Con
serv
atio
n P
ark
2300
Sou
ther
n B
oule
vard
Bro
nx, N
Y 1
0460
(800
) 93
7-51
31
Am
eric
an M
useu
m o
f Nat
ural
His
tory
's s
ite o
n "B
iodi
vers
ity"
http
://w
ww
.sus
anbr
and.
com
/dem
os/b
iod
iver
sity
linde
x.ht
ml
Yea
r fo
r th
e T
iger
:The
Sci
ence
of
Tig
er C
onse
rvat
ion
http
://w
ww
.wor
ldw
ildlif
e.or
gltig
erlc
onse
rvat
ion.
shtm
l
MY
ER
cfg
EV
A7g
6k7@
,41
1g P
RO
MA
ME
ncou
rage
stu
dent
s to
dis
cuss
the
prog
ram
and
sha
re th
eir
obse
rva-
tions
. The
follo
win
g qu
estio
ns m
aybe
use
d to
spa
rk d
iscu
ssio
n.
© M
any
anim
als
in th
ew
etfo
rest
s de
pend
on
the
fig tr
eefo
r th
eir
diet
. But
, the
hos
tsa
ys,"
Fig
s ne
ed h
ornb
ills
just
as
muc
h as
hor
nbill
s ne
ed fi
gs."
How
do
the
horn
bills
hel
p th
efig
tree
? (H
ornb
ills
eat t
he fi
gs.
See
ds fr
om h
ornb
ill d
ropp
ings
are
burie
d in
the
soil,
whe
re th
ey g
row
.)
0 H
ow d
o th
e pe
ople
who
live
in th
e fo
rest
gat
her
hone
yfr
om w
ild b
ees'
hiv
es?
(A h
oney
gath
erer
stic
ks w
oode
n pe
gs in
toth
e tr
ees
to c
reat
e na
tura
l lad
ders
.T
hen
he c
limbs
up
the
tree
to th
ebe
es' n
est a
nd p
lace
s bu
rnin
g le
aves
besi
de it
.The
sm
oke
from
the
leav
esst
uns
the
bees
, so
he c
an ta
ke s
ome
hone
y an
d pa
rt o
f the
hon
eyco
mb.
Inci
dent
ally
, hon
eybe
es in
the
U.S
.do
n't s
ting
whe
n th
ere'
s sm
oke
blow
n al
l aro
und.
)
0 W
hy a
re th
ere
so m
any
brig
htly
col
ored
ani
mal
s in
the
mon
soon
fore
st?
(Brig
ht c
olor
sse
rve
a nu
mbe
r of
impo
rtan
t fun
c-tio
ns.T
hey
can
wor
k as
cam
oufla
geto
ble
nd in
with
the
fore
st.T
hey
also
sign
al o
ther
ani
mal
s to
sta
y aw
ay.A
quic
k fla
sh o
f col
or c
an s
tart
le a
ndsc
are
anot
her
anim
al fo
r a
mom
ent.
Som
e an
imal
s' b
right
col
ors
fool
othe
r an
imal
s in
to th
inki
ng th
ey a
rea
mor
e da
nger
ous
spec
ies.
The
non
-
veno
mou
s m
ilk s
nake
, for
exa
mpl
e,ha
s re
d, y
ello
w, a
nd b
lack
ban
ds,
whi
ch m
imic
the
pois
onou
s co
ral
snak
e.) ,,
12
18-1
00?
60U
gER
MT
his
prog
ram
feat
ures
an
ani-
mal
cal
led
a lio
ntai
l mac
aque
.A
lthou
gh th
is m
onke
y is
not
rela
ted
to th
e lio
n, it
get
s it
nam
e be
caus
e of
its
lion-
like
tail
and
man
e. U
sing
libr
ary
reso
urce
s, lo
ok u
p th
ese
eigh
tan
imal
s an
d fin
d ou
t how
they
got
thei
r ni
ckna
mes
:
0 A
NT
LIO
N
0 R
HIN
OC
ER
OS
BE
ET
LE
0 E
LEP
HA
NT
SH
RE
W
0 K
AN
GA
RO
O R
AT
0 T
IGE
R B
EE
TLE
0 M
ON
KE
Y F
LOW
ER
0 T
IGE
R M
OT
H
0 T
IGE
R L
ILY
RH
INO
CE
RO
S B
EE
TLE
0
:JO
Com
plet
e tw
o ac
tiviti
es.
0 2 0 0
'410
10
IEG
:76g
64 I
lUaT
iTga
Alth
ough
the
cham
eleo
n w
alks
slo
wly
and
delib
erat
ely,
it is
qui
te a
dept
at c
atch
ing
inse
cts
with
its
stic
ky to
ngue
Cre
ate
a fli
p-bo
ok to
ani
mat
e ho
w a
cha
mel
eon
catc
hes
itsm
eals
. If y
ou h
ave
acce
ss to
a v
ideo
tape
of
"Mon
soon
For
ests
", y
ou c
ould
wat
ch th
ech
amel
eon
sect
ion
in s
low
-mot
ion
to g
et a
llth
e de
tails
If y
ou d
on't
have
a v
ideo
tape
, you
coul
d ga
ther
info
rmat
ion
from
the
libra
ry
f
Val
mik
Tha
par
says
"fig
s ar
e tr
uly
the
linch
pins
of t
he fo
rest
," a
s th
ey o
ffer
food
and
shel
ter
to m
any
peop
le a
nd a
nim
als.
Usi
ng th
e lib
rary
or
the
Inte
rnet
, mak
e a
list o
fso
me
of th
e w
ays
that
figs
are
use
d in
diff
eren
t soc
ietie
s ar
ound
the
wor
ld. A
s an
alte
rnat
ive
activ
ity, y
ou c
ould
res
earc
h th
e us
es a
nd c
ultu
ral i
mpo
rtan
ce o
f a c
rop
like
corn
or
yam
s. W
ork
with
ano
ther
stu
dent
to p
repa
re a
pre
sent
atio
n on
figs
or
som
e ot
her
mea
ning
ful f
ood
for
your
cla
ss. A
s a
final
e, y
ou m
ayw
ish
to g
ive
ever
y-
one
a ta
ste
of a
dis
h yo
u pr
epar
ed.
0
You
are
invi
ted
to v
iew
NA
TU
RE
. As
you
wat
ch th
epr
ogra
m, c
ompa
re th
e fa
mili
esin
the
mon
soon
fore
sts
with
your
ow
n. H
ow w
ould
you
r lif
ebe
diff
eren
t if y
ou li
ved
in a
nIn
dian
"w
et fo
rest
"? A
fter
the
prog
ram
, sha
re y
our
thou
ghts
with
you
r fa
mily
.
A b
iolo
gist
som
etim
esex
amin
es h
ow d
iffer
ent
spec
ies
are
affe
cted
by
extr
eme
tem
pera
ture
s in
the
envi
ronm
ent.
BA
g6:7
1M64
D11
GE
AM
Eng
6,§,
The
hill
fore
sts
of s
outh
ern
Indi
a re
ceiv
e ra
in fo
r si
xm
onth
s of
the
year
. Use
the
libra
ry o
r th
e In
tern
et to
rese
arch
whi
ch to
wn
or c
ity in
the
U.S
. had
the
mos
t rai
nla
st y
ear.
Whi
ch to
wn
or c
ity h
ad th
e le
ast r
ain?
Com
pare
the
type
s of
wild
life
that
live
in th
ese
area
s, a
nd h
ow th
eysu
rviv
ed in
the
extr
eme
wea
ther
con
ditio
ns. C
reat
e a
shor
tne
wsl
ette
r fo
r yo
ur c
lass
to s
hare
wha
t you
've
lear
ned.
V1
The
se m
ater
ials
wer
e m
ade
poss
ible
by
Par
k F
ound
atio
n, C
anon
U.S
.A.,
Inc.
, For
d M
otor
Com
pany
,an
d T
IAA
-CR
EF
.
AC
KN
OW
LED
GE
ME
NT
SS
EA
SO
N 1
7 N
AT
UR
E S
CH
ED
ULE
Thi
s gu
ide
was
pro
duce
d by
uthn
-vv
net
Edu
catio
nal R
esou
rces
Cen
ter
Rut
h A
nn B
urns
, Dire
ctor
PU
BLI
SH
ER
: Rob
ert A
. Mill
erE
DIT
OR
: Dav
id R
eism
an, E
d.D
.D
ES
IGN
: Dia
ne A
dzem
aW
R1t
er: J
orda
n B
row
nP
HO
TO
ED
ITO
R: C
hris
tina
L D
rape
rP
RO
OF
RE
AD
ER
: Stle
You
ng W
ilson
CO
NS
ULT
AN
TS
: Dr.
Ste
ven
D. G
arbe
r,W
ildlif
e B
iolo
gist
The
Por
t Aut
horit
y of
New
Yor
k &
New
Jer
sey
Reg
ina
McC
arth
y, C
oord
inat
orG
atew
ay E
nviro
nmen
tal S
tudy
Cen
ter,
Boa
rd o
f Edu
catio
n of
the
City
of N
ew Y
ork
FO
R T
HE
NA
TU
RE
SE
RIE
SS
CIE
NC
E E
DIT
OR
: Jan
et H
ess
CO
OR
DIN
AT
ING
PR
OD
UC
ER
: Jan
ice
You
ngS
UP
ER
VIS
ING
PR
OD
UC
ER
: Bill
Mur
phy
EX
EC
UT
IVE
IN C
HA
RG
E: W
illia
m G
rant
EX
EC
UT
IVE
ED
ITO
R: G
eorg
e P
age
EX
EC
UT
IVE
PR
OD
UC
ER
: Fre
d K
aufm
an
FO
R B
BC
-TV
SE
RIE
S P
RO
DU
CE
R: M
ike
Birk
head
PR
OD
UC
ER
S: M
ike
Birk
head
,
Mar
tin H
ughe
s-G
ames
, Pel
ham
Ald
rich-
Bla
keE
DIT
OR
S: M
artin
Els
bury
, Dav
id M
cCor
mic
k, A
ndre
w N
aylo
rM
usic
com
pose
d by
Nic
hola
s H
oope
rW
RIT
ER
S: P
elha
m A
ldric
h-B
lake
, Jen
ny D
evitt
"IN
DIA
: LA
ND
OF
TH
E T
IGE
R"
is a
co-
prod
uctio
n of
-
Thi
rtee
n/W
NE
T a
nd B
BC
-TV
.
HO
ST
AN
D N
AR
RA
TO
R: V
alm
ik T
hapa
r
NA
TU
RE
is p
rodu
ced
for
PB
S b
y T
hirt
een/
WN
ET
in N
ew Y
ork.
NA
TU
RE
is m
ade
poss
ible
in p
art b
y P
ark
Fou
ndat
ion.
Maj
or c
orpo
rate
sup
port
is p
rovi
ded
by C
anon
U.S
.A.,
Inc.
,F
ord
Mot
or C
ompa
ny, a
nd T
IAA
-CR
EF
. Add
ition
al s
uppo
rt is
prov
ided
by
the
natio
n's
publ
ic te
levi
sion
sta
tions
.
@19
98 b
y T
h irt
een/
WN
ET
NA
TU
RE
and
the
tree
des
ign
is a
reg
iste
red
serv
ice
mar
k of
Thi
rtee
n/W
NE
T.
Oct
ober
I998
-Jun
e 19
99(c
heck
loca
l lis
tings
)
Gre
at W
hite
Bea
rT
he S
ecre
t Wor
ld o
f Sha
rks
and
Ray
sA
nim
al A
ttrac
tions
: San
Die
go Z
ooA
mer
ican
Buf
falo
:Spi
rit o
f a N
atio
nT
ooth
wal
kers
: Gia
nts
of th
e A
rctic
Ice
Indi
a: L
and
of th
e T
iger
The
Tig
er's
Dom
ain
Sac
red
Wat
ers
Unk
now
n S
eas
Des
ert K
ingd
omM
ount
ains
of t
he G
ods
Mon
soon
For
ests
The
Ele
phan
ts o
f Afr
ica
Bow
er B
ird B
lues
John
Den
ver:
Let
Thi
s B
e a
Voi
ce
Ora
ngut
ans:
Jus
t Han
gin'
On
Spe
rm W
hale
s:T
he R
eal M
oby
Dic
kLi
fe a
t the
Edg
e of
the
Sea
The
Joy
of P
igs
Ser
enge
ti S
torie
s (w
orki
ng ti
tle)
Sec
ret G
arde
nG
rem
lins:
Fac
es in
the
For
est
Oct
ober
IIO
ctob
er 1
8O
ctob
er 2
5N
ovem
ber
IN
ovem
ber
8
Nov
embe
r 15
Nov
embe
r I S
Nov
embe
r 16
Nov
embe
r 16
Nov
embe
r 17
Nov
embe
r 17
Nov
embe
r 22
Nov
embe
r 29
Dec
embe
r 6
Dec
embe
r 13
Dec
embe
r 20
Dec
embe
r 27
Janu
ary
3Ja
nuar
y 10
Janu
ary
17Ja
nuar
y 24
VID
EO
OR
DE
RIN
G IN
FO
RM
AT
ION
Bor
n to
Run
Icel
and:
Fire
and
Ice
(wor
king
title
)W
alki
ng w
ith G
iant
s:S
iber
ia G
rizzl
ies
Ext
raor
dina
ry C
ats
Par
rots
: Loo
k W
ho's
Tal
king
Con
vers
atio
ns w
ith K
oko
Ext
raor
dina
ry D
ogs
The
Wor
ld o
f Pen
guin
sT
he W
ild S
ide
of N
ewY
ork
Gra
nd C
anyo
nA
lien
Em
pire
Har
dwar
e/R
eplic
ator
sB
attle
zone
/Met
ropo
lisV
oyag
ers/
War
of t
he W
orld
sW
olve
s an
d B
uffa
lo:T
he L
ast F
ront
ier
Jane
Goo
dall'
s W
ild C
him
panz
ees
The
Sec
ret W
orld
of S
hark
s an
d R
ays
The
See
dy S
ide
of P
lant
s
Eag
les
Yel
low
ston
e O
tters
A L
emur
's T
ale
Mas
k of
the
Man
drill
The
Ele
phan
t Men
Janu
ary
31F
ebru
ary
7F
ebru
ary
14F
ebru
ary
21F
ebru
ary
28M
arch
7M
arch
14
Mar
ch 2
1M
arch
28
Apr
il 4
Apr
il 11
Apr
il 18
Apr
il 25
May
2M
ay 9
May
16
May
23
May
30
June
6Ju
ne 1
3Ju
ne 2
0Ju
ne 2
7
NA
TU
RE
con
tinue
s th
roug
hout
the
sum
mer
. Che
ck lo
cal l
istin
gs.
For
info
rmat
ion
on "
IND
IA: L
AN
D O
F T
HE
TIG
ER
," c
all 2
12-5
60-3
000.
llith
emne
t35
6 W
est 5
8th
Str
eet,
New
Yor
k, N
Y 1
0019
33
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PLEASE PHOTOCOPY AND DISTRIBUTE TO YOUR STUDENTS.
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Corporate Source:
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Organtantkortrachiress
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