renewable versus conventional energy technologies - … · gt/y oil gas coal/gas coal/gas ... crude...
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15.06.2010
STYRIAN ACADEMY for Sustainable Energies
Renewable versus Conventional Energy Technologies
Prof. ir Jan Harmsen
Harmsen Consultancy B.V.
STYRIAN ACADEMY for Sustainable Energies
15.06.2010
STYRIAN ACADEMY for Sustainable Energies
Renewable vs Conventional Energy Technologies
- Conventional Energy Technologies
- Sustainability Business Drivers
- Industrial Innovation
- Renewables into markets
- Workshop
Prof. J HarmsenHarmsen Consultancy B.V.
15.06.2010
STYRIAN ACADEMY for Sustainable Energies
Global Antropogenic Carbon flow:
Gt/y
Oil Gas Coal/Gas Coal/Gas
Atmosphere22 % 32 % 46 %
Transport Housing Power Industry
1.3
1.00.7
1.2 1.7 1.8
15.06.2010
STYRIAN ACADEMY for Sustainable Energies
Global CO2 emissions (2004)Gton/year
C = 12/44 CO2
15.06.2010
STYRIAN ACADEMY for Sustainable Energies
Improvement Options:
- Closing Material Cycles- Avoid Toxic Trace Compoments
FossilHC
Ore
Steel
Cement
Biomass
IntermediateChemicals
PS
PVelectricity
BF
R
C
BC
Ore
Process Industry: Upstream Life Cycle Steps
Tran
15.06.2010
STYRIAN ACADEMY for Sustainable Energies
Industrial Symbiosis Park KalundburgHarmsen, 2010
Harmsen Consultancy
Refinery
Power station
NovozymersPharma
Lake
W Water Tr
Town
Wall-board
Cement
Soilrem
Farms
Fish Farm
Fertiliser
S
Gas
Heat
Ash
Heat
Sludge
ScrubberSludge
Yeast
Sludge
Transport liquid fuels
Crude Oil
15.06.2010
STYRIAN ACADEMY for Sustainable Energies
Process and Utilities Integration
Utilities: electricity, steam, hot oil cooling media
Heat exch. Reaction Separation
FuelCO2
Product
Waste
15.06.2010
STYRIAN ACADEMY for Sustainable Energies
Energy / utilities importSTEAM ELECTRICITY FUEL CW OTHER HX
All fuel streams (gas/liquid) generated in the process
Raffinate
Heavy pygas
System boundary
STEAM/CONDENSATE/... HX OTHER CW = cooling water
Energy / utilities export HX = heat exchange
Feed
sto
ck
Pro
du
cts
Hydrogenatedpygas
Pre-separation
Productseparation
Aromatics extraction orextractive distillation
Cracker and Utilitiessource PDC, Breda
1
2a
2b
2c
3a
3b
A B C D E F
G H
2d
Benzene
Toluene
Xylenes
BT(X) mixture
I
15.06.2010
STYRIAN ACADEMY for Sustainable Energies
Business Motives for Sustainable Development
South African Breweries: Market growth developing world
Social : Local fit by education workersEconomic: Lowest cost, lowest water use: 54.5 3 l/l beerEcological: Waste water treatment
Dupont: EfficiencyShell: SurvivalP&G: Green ImageNuon Market differentiatorUnilever: Accepted by local societies for market growth
15.06.2010
STYRIAN ACADEMY for Sustainable Energies
Industrial Innovation
Innovation = Invention to Market
Innovation Method
Open Innovation
15.06.2010
STYRIAN ACADEMY for Sustainable Energies
Industrial Development Paradox
- Knowledge- Cost- Freedom
- Effect on Cost- Risk to Implement
0 Development Time Start-up
15.06.2010
STYRIAN ACADEMY for Sustainable Energies
Innovation Stages and Gates4-D method
Development
Comm. DesignScaled-down DesignPilot PlantProto typeComm. Re-DesignScale-up knowledge
Demonstration
First comm scaleLearning points
Deployment
Optimised
Fit Strategy? Stop/Go Stop/Go Stop/GoCan do?Safe?Environment? Increasing Detail Social acceptance?Rewards/Cost?Risks?
Discovery
- ConceptDesign
- Exp.Proof
- Chemistry- Thermo- Phys.Prop.
15.06.2010
STYRIAN ACADEMY for Sustainable Energies
Scale-up phenomenae
Residence Time Distribution
Mixing
Mass transfer
Heat Transfer
Flow Friction
Pressure drop
15.06.2010
STYRIAN ACADEMY for Sustainable Energies
Open Innovation
UniversitiesConcepts
Theory
Engineering contractor Detailed
DesignProcurementConstructionDismantling
Technology providersExperimental tests
Pilot PlantCritical Engineering aspects
End User
Process Development ProcessDesign Start-up
Operation
Knowledgecompanies
Test
15.06.2010
STYRIAN ACADEMY for Sustainable Energies
Open Innovation FunnelStages and Gates
Development
Comm. DesignScaled-down DesignPilot PlantProto typeComm. Re-DesignScale-up knowledge
Demonstration
First comm scaleLearning pointDesign next
Deployment
Optimised
Decision Stop/Go
Discovery
ConceptDesign
Exp. Proof
Chemistry
Thermo
Phys. Prop.
Decision Stop/Go Decision Stop/Go Decision Stop/Go
University
TechnologyProvider
KnowledgeInstitute
Engineering Contractor
15.06.2010
STYRIAN ACADEMY for Sustainable EnergiesHarmsen Consultancy
Renewables into Markets
-Technology providers and their products
- Transport fuels from biomass & Oil companies
-Business Value Creation
-Summary
- Workshop outline
15.06.2010
STYRIAN ACADEMY for Sustainable Energies
Title II brings fast pyrolysis demonstrations to Douglas CountyPhil Badger, president of Renewable Oil International, fields questions during thefast pyrolysis demonstration at Lemolo Sandshed 2009
15.06.2010
STYRIAN ACADEMY for Sustainable Energies
HR BioPetroleumwebsite 2010
HR BioPetroluem’s core technology is a photosyntheticproduction system that economically grows proprietaryalgae strains at a commercial-scale.
The production system couples closed-culturephotobioreactors with open ponds in a two-stage process.
With the development of this hybrid production system, HRBioPetroleum has achieved significant breakthroughs forthe commercialization of algae production.
Our system: Combines low cost and the high productivity ofalgae ponds with the protection of culture-closed photobioreactors
Allows contamination-free monocultures of the most productivealgae to be cultivated
Minimizes capital investment as a cost factor
15.06.2010
STYRIAN ACADEMY for Sustainable Energies
HR Biopetroleum pilot plantwebsite 2010
PILOT FACILITY
HR BioPetroleum’s technology has beenvalidated in production of algae oil andantioxidants / carotenoids such asastaxanthan, at a five-acre (2 ha), large-scale pilot operation located in Kona on theBig Island of Hawaii. Over a period ofseveral years,
The pilot facility consists of 25,000-liter“production” photobioreactors (PBRs) and50,000-liter open ponds, with a total capacityof greater than 600,000 liters, equallydivided between photobioreactors and openponds.
Shell expects that microalgae will produceconservatively 60 tons of oil per hectare peryear,
15.06.2010
STYRIAN ACADEMY for Sustainable Energies
Gussing combined heat and power plantfrom wood start-up < 2004
15.06.2010
STYRIAN ACADEMY for Sustainable Energies
Gussing combined heat and power plantfrom wood
Table 1: Characteristic data of the plant.
Fuel Power 8000 kWElectrical output 2000 kWThermal output 4500 kWElectrical efficiency 25,0 %Thermal efficiency 56,3 %Electrical/thermal output 0,44 -Total efficiency 81,3 %
15.06.2010
STYRIAN ACADEMY for Sustainable Energies
Wood Burning Power Stationat Wilton 10, United Kingdom
Start Of Operation: November 2007 Output: 30 Mwe and 10 MwtPlant Type: Biomass Location: Teeside, UKEstimated Investment: £60m, around £10m from Bio-Energy Capital GrantsScheme.Employment: 15 Permanent jobs and around 400 during construction.
Key Players:Plant Owner And Operator Sembsolutions Boiler Island: Foster WheelerTurbine And Power Island: Siemens PgCoppice Wood Supply: Greenergy
Plant Details:Boiler type: Bubbling fluidised bedSteam Units: Sst 400 steam turbine/generator set, condenser, flender gearbox,oil system, and pcs7 control systemFuel: 300,000 tonnes of wood a year. around 40% recycled wood, 20%offcuts from saw mills, 20% from tree-felling, and 20% sprt rotationcoppice willow
15.06.2010
STYRIAN ACADEMY for Sustainable Energies
Petrochemical companies and biofuels
Shell Business:
Shell R&D :
Exxon: Research:
BP Research:
Dupont R&D:
Largest ethanol seller in EUBrasil COSAN MOU sugar cane to ethanol
Iogen ethanol, Hawai HR BioPetroleum algae
Algae oil excretion Research 500 M$
Berkely 500 M$ biomass fuel, chemicals 10years
> 100M$ Pilot plant cornstover to ethanol
15.06.2010
STYRIAN ACADEMY for Sustainable Energies
Shell and COSAN
01/02/2010
Shell and Cosan signeda non-binding memorandum ofunderstanding (MoU)
Intention: $12 billion joint venture (JV) inBrazil
Production of ethanol, sugar and power,and theSupply, distribution and retail oftransportation fuels.
Approach: Business; Single supplier large scale;
15.06.2010
STYRIAN ACADEMY for Sustainable Energies
Exxon and Algae
2 July 2009
Exxon is joining biotech company, Synthetic Genomics Inc.,R&D next-generation biofuelsproduced from sunlight, water and waste carbon dioxideby photosynthetic pond scum.Test facility algae-growing methods and oil extraction techniques.Budget 600 M$Timing 5-6 years
After that, the company could invest billions of dollars moreto scale up the technology and bring it to commercial production.
Approach: Open innovation; Well-to-Wheel
15.06.2010
STYRIAN ACADEMY for Sustainable Energies
MOL Hungarian oil company and biofuels
MOL’s aim: Produce both second generation biofuels andquality biocomponent in a more economic and energyefficient way, from a wider range of feedstock.
MOL established a consortium Jedlik Ányos Project.consortium members: Domestic agriculture, region andscience: Olajterv Zrt., KITE Zrt., Biodiesel Kft., PannonUniversity, Chemical Research Centre of HungarianAcademy of Sciences, Hungarian Institute of AgriculturalEngineering of the Ministry of Agriculture and RuralDevelopment, and the Regional Centre of InnovationVeszprém.
Pilot scale new generation biodiesel technology end of 2009.
Approach: Regional Multi-stakeholder Innovation
15.06.2010
STYRIAN ACADEMY for Sustainable Energies
Business and biofuelsSummary
Sustainable Development fits with BusinessMotives
Open Innovation everywhere
Stage-Gate for biofuels useful
Big Oil Companies: single supplier approach
Other companies regional optimisation
Long term value creation a challenge and anopportunity
15.06.2010
STYRIAN ACADEMY for Sustainable Energies
Business =Value Creation
What is the long term earning power of biofuels?
How robust to changes in government policies?
Global policies, roller coaster
How robust to innovation in related branches?Electric: car, LKW, airoplane?
How secure is supply of feedstocks?
Farmers are flexible
15.06.2010
STYRIAN ACADEMY for Sustainable Energies
Transport Products from Fossil or BiomassPetrol, Diesel, Kerosene, Marine, Asphalt
Fossil Biomass
Supply andsize
Few, Large Million,Small
Type Liquid,Dense
Solid, Fluffy
Control Well-to-Wheel
? – Wheel
Future Price Up Down
15.06.2010
STYRIAN ACADEMY for Sustainable Energies
PV experience curve based on world module price (2006–2060).R. Bhandari, Solar energy 83 (2009) 1634-1644
Experience Curve PV Solar Cells
15.06.2010
STYRIAN ACADEMY for Sustainable Energies
SummaryConventional vs Renewable Energies
Harmsen Consultancy
Product Fossil source Renewablesource
Electricity Gas , Coal Biomass, Hydro,Wind, Solar
Transport Fuels Crude Oil Biomass. Edriven?
Building heating Gas Solar,Geothermal?
Industry Heating Gas, Coal, CrudeOil
Biomass?
15.06.2010
STYRIAN ACADEMY for Sustainable EnergiesHarmsen Consultancy
Dow Chemicals Municipal Waste water to Boiler Feed WDupont Biorefinery demo plantDSM Melamine Process RevampShell BiofuelsSME Clean TechnologiesAustrian Region Biomass to Chemicals and FuelsMany others
Companies:- Policies- Methods- Metrics- Cases
Systemlevels:Region value chainIndustrial ParkProcessEquipmentOperation