Др. Odilbek ESHCHANOVScientific-Information Center of ICWC

«Regional water infrastructure, its development and use in connection with water resources deficit in the Aral Sea basin.»

Central Asia

• The Toktogul hydroscheme with a storage volume of 19.5 km3;

• Nurek hydroscheme with a height of 300 meters;

• unique arch dam of the Andijanreservoir;

• Karshi cascade of pumping stations with the capacity of 350 m3/sec with working head of 180 meters.

Fundamental conditionsFundamental conditions::

• the infrastructure of major river structures, previously worked in a single water management system of the country, now has been segmented by industry and national spheres. Most of the large waterworks is operated by public and private energy organizations, and only part of the large and all medium and small waterworks are under operation of water management organizations of 5 countries;

• there was a sharp increase in the cost of all spare parts and components of waterworks, which created difficulty in their repair and maintenance of efficiency;

• infrastructure development at the expense of own investment has almost stopped and now mainly financed through borrowings from foreign partners and international financial institutions;

•• as a result of increase in the green stream and understanding ofthe population, implementation of environmental projects has become a priority: maintaining sustainable economic state of theAmudarya and Syrdarya river deltas, preservation of water quality and increasing the use of return waters, including collector anddrainage waters, as well as municipal and industrial wastewaters.

For maintaining environmental sustainability of the Amudarya river delta and recharging lake systems with the area of 180 thousand. ha requires supplying 8 km3 and 4.6 km3 of water during high-water and normal years respectively, and as least 3.1 km3

of water in dry years.

Syrdarya river delta of delta lakes and wetlands of six lake systems with the area of 152 thousand.ha requires a guaranteed supply of 1.78 km3 of water, including 133 million m3 drainage waters.

Amudarya river delta

Interstate Commission for Water Coordination of Central Asia

NATO Project-974357 NATO Project-980986

Syrdarya river delta

Kazakhstan

Syrdarya river delta

The Northern Sea has already reached the forecasted level of 42 and sufficiently low salinity in the range of 15 g/l, which fully ensures the intensive development of aquaculture in the area. The volume of fish catches in the reservoir exceeded 2000 tons in 2008.

UzbekistanWorks on infrastructure development in Sudochye Lake in the western part of the Amudarya delta, as well as the construction of a number of facilities under the project on the flooding of the river delta and improvement water supply to small water bodies in the delta.

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ïðîåêòà NATO SFP-974357

Amudarya river delta

Озера Судочье

ARAL SEA BASIN

Agricultural, industrial and municipal effluentsand wastewater:

in high-water years - 45,5 km3

in dry years - 39,0 km3

The volume of industrial and municipal wastewater accounts for only - 6.9%.

UZBEKISTAN

Chirchik-Akhangaran basin

• environmentally friendly;• environmentally satisfactory ;;

• environmentally unfavorable .

Environmentally unfavorable (mountain and piedmont) zone of 600 to 280 m above sea level.

covers the area of about 15 ths.km222 % of the Uzbek population reside

Up to 16% of the industrial building is concentrated hereincluding

• black metallurgy - 98 %• nonferrous metallurgy - 94 %• chemical and petrochemical - 36 %• microbiological industry - 30 %• machine industry - 25 %• woodworking - 31 %• construction industry - 26 %

Chirchik-Akhangaran basinSubstantial part of the pollution of the water bodies is due to heavy metals, fluorides, phenols, chlorine, petroleum products, and other specific harmful substances. In particular, the content of heavy metals exceeds the allowable level by 10-15 times. Wide range of pollutants is due to the wastewater of housing and utility sector is characterized by high concentration of harmful organic and bacteriological substances.

Agricultural discharge waterdischarge water

Discharge from the agricultural sector is 42.7 km3/year and will come to over 40 % of the water withdrawal for irrigation.

they are reused to the amount equal to only 13 % of the volume formed; in the Syrdarya river basin, those are used to more extent, i.e. 23.7 %; in the Amudarya river basin, less than 8 %.

About 16.4 km3 of return water is exported to depressions,of which 13.6 km3 in the Amudarya river basin and 2.8 km3 in the Syrdarya river basin.

Research problems::

• Choosing a rational direction and technologies of purification taking into account forecast discharge water quality and quantity characteristics in certain regions and development of awater quality improvement concept for the major rivers of the Aral sea basin;

• Development of a methodology for the determination of the used discharge water volume both within and beyond the irrigation and drainage system as well as for rating the quality and quantity of the water discharged at some river sites;

• Development of effective technologies for traditional methods (intrasystem, autonomous, etc.) of discharge water use for irrigation as well as for non-traditional methods, i.e. by desalinating and purifying from different pollutants, along withfeasibility studies for the relevant technical measures.

Principal measures aimed to restore and Principal measures aimed to restore and

conserve the environmental sustainabilityconserve the environmental sustainability

• systematic control of standard sanitary and ecological discharges along the river length and efficient use of its water resources;

• working out of a rational scheme of the return water management in the Amudarya and Syrdarya rivers basins;

• development of a national strategy for return water management and its extended use;

• development of a set of scientific programs of purification of unused domestic and industrial waster waters;

• preparation of the technology of partial drainage water demineralization with removing toxic salts and production of experimental models of partial drainage water desalination technology.

On the basis of the international water law, we require to bring the rivers back to life!!!

Thank you for your attention!