C M Y K Nxxx,2020-04-21,A,001,Bs-4C,E2_+

U(D54G1D)y+=!_!$!$!"

It took just a matter of days toshut down New York City, once thecoronavirus took hold. Restartingit will take much, much longer.

The economic impact in the cityfrom the global pandemic hasbeen striking: Hundreds of thou-sands are already out of work; atleast $7.4 billion in tax revenue isprojected to be lost by the middleof next year.

And the changes will be felt longafter New York begins to reopenits economy.

How New York City, the epicen-ter of the country’s outbreak, be-gins to recapture its vibrancy is aquestion consuming political,business and cultural leaders.

The very features that makeNew York attractive to busi-nesses, workers and tourists —Broadway, the subway system,world-class restaurants and innu-merable cultural institutions —were among the hardest hit in thepandemic. And they will take thelongest to come back.

Half of the hotels in the city arenot operating, and with no reliableforecast for when tourists mightreturn, many may stay shut.Nearly the same portion of thecity’s smallest businesses — some186,000 shops employing fewerthan 10 people — could fail, city of-ficials fear. Replacing them couldtake years.

The city’s real estate and con-struction industries, major driv-

ers of the local economy, have allbut stopped. Millions of rentersare struggling to make monthlypayments, fueling concern over acascading crisis in the housingmarket if rent goes unpaid.

White-collar businesses and fi-nancial services companies,whose workers were mostlyspared immediate layoffs in theshutdown, are forecast to see de-clining profits next year, and evenlosses. Some law firms have al-ready pared down pay.

And with social distancingguidelines likely to be necessaryfor the foreseeable future, all fac-ets of New York’s work life willtake on new rules, routines andcosts.

“I don’t think the New York thatwe left will be back for someyears,” said Gregg Bishop, thecommissioner of the city’s smallbusinesses agency. “I don’t knowif we’ll ever get it back.”

New York is not the only me-tropolis in the world strugglingwith how to safely reopen busi-nesses and cultural centers in adense urban setting, but no othercity has been more devastated bythe pandemic.

The virus has claimed morethan 13,000 lives in New York City,a figure that includes roughly4,400 victims who had nevertested positive for the virus but

IT COULD BE YEARSBEFORE NEW YORKREGAINS ITS GLORY

Attractions That Make the City SpecialMay Take the Longest to Heal

By J. DAVID GOODMAN

Continued on Page A10

Formerly bustling neighborhoods like Harlem have come under severe pressure as hundreds of thousands of jobs have vanished.JUAN ARREDONDO FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES

Maria Kefalas considers herhusband, Patrick Carr, a forgottenvictim of the coronavirus.

In January, Mr. Carr, a sociologyprofessor at Rutgers University,suffered a relapse of the bloodcancer that he has had for eightyears. Once again, he requiredchemotherapy to try to bring thedisease, multiple myeloma, undercontrol.

But this time, as the coro-navirus began raging throughPhiladelphia, blood supplies wererationed and he could notgetenough of the transfusions neededto alleviate his anemia and allowchemo to begin. Clinic visits were

canceled even as his conditionworsened.

For Mr. Carr and many others,the pandemic has shaken everyaspect of health care, includingcancer, organ transplants andeven brain surgery.

On April 7, Mr. Carr began re-ceiving home hospice care. Hedied on April 16. He was 53. Thepandemic “expedited his death,”Ms. Kefalas said.

“I’m not saying he would havebeaten the cancer,” said Ms. Ke-falas, a professor of sociology atSt. Joseph’s University in Phila-delphia. “I’m saying it wouldn’thave been four months, this pre-cipitous decline, fighting forblood, fighting for hospicenurses.”

“People like my husband noware dying not because of Covid,but because the health care sys-tem just cracked open and swal-lowed them up,” she said.

Beds, blood, doctors, nursesand ventilators are in short sup-ply; operating rooms are beingturned into intensive-care units;and surgeons have been rede-ployed to treat people who cannot

Sick, but Not With the Virus, and Lacking CareBy DENISE GRADY Strained Health System

Struggles to PreventDangerous Delays

Continued on Page A13

JERUSALEM — Prime Min-ister Benjamin Netanyahu of Is-rael and his former challenger,Benny Gantz, agreed Mondaynight to establish a unity govern-ment, a deal that finally breaks ayearlong political impasse andkeeps Mr. Netanyahu in office as

he faces trial on corruptioncharges.

After three inconclusive elec-tions in the past year, the creationof the new government forestallswhat had appeared to be an inev-itable fourth election and offers adeeply divided Israel a chance fornational healing as it battles thecoronavirus pandemic.

For Mr. Netanyahu, the agree-

ment buys him time to try to re-solve two contentious issues cen-tral to his legacy: to sidestep hisprosecution or at least prevent itfrom driving him from power, andto extend Israeli sovereignty overoccupied Palestinian territory.

The deal, announced by bothmen’s political parties at 7:15 p.m.,adds to Mr. Netanyahu’s tenure asIsrael’s longest-serving leader

and, coming after his conserva-tive coalition failed to win a major-ity, cements his reputation as acanny political survivor who cannever be counted out.

For Mr. Gantz, a former armychief and relative political novice,however, the agreement may havethe opposite effect. The move wasa stunning turnabout after his re-

Rival Opts to Join Netanyahu to Form Unity Government in IsraelBy DAVID M. HALBFINGER

and ISABEL KERSHNER

Continued on Page A19

A few nights ago, after their 18-month-old son, Nolan, went tosleep, Dr. Adam Hill and NeenaBudhraja sat down on the livingroom couch in their apartment inGreenpoint, Brooklyn. Pen andpaper in hand, they turned theirattention to a pressing need: fig-uring out who would be Nolan’s le-gal guardian if the coronavirusswept them away.

They aren’t just anxious par-ents. Adam, 37, is an emergencyroom doctor at Elmhurst HospitalCenter in Queens. Neena, 39, is aphysician assistant in the emer-gency room at Woodhull Medicaland Mental Health Center inBrooklyn.

Elmhurst and Woodhull areamong the New York City publichospitals that have been mostoverwhelmed by the virus, and forthe past month, the couple’s daysand nights have been a blur of in-tubating terrified patients, navi-gating stretchers in crowded hall-ways and searching for cleanequipment.

The pandemic is putting un-imagined strain on medical work-

ers, exposing them to dangers andemotional stress unlike anythingthey have ever experienced. Atleast 130,000 people in the city,and probably many more, havebeen infected with the virus. Morethan 13,500 have died of the virusor are presumed to have, at least

26 of them public hospital employ-ees.

Adam reads a Facebook pagefor emergency health care work-ers and sees how everyone isstruggling. One couple sent their

Working in the E.R., Raising a Son, Writing a Will

By JESSE DRUCKER

Neena Budhraja, a physician assistant, and Dr. Adam Hill withNolan, 1½, in Brooklyn on April 7. Both have lost colleagues.

HILARY SWIFT FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES

Continued on Page A12

Something bizarre happened inthe oil markets on Monday:Prices fell so much that sometraders paid buyers to take oil offtheir hands.

The price of the main U.S. oilbenchmark fell more than $50 abarrel to end the day about $30 be-low zero, the first time oil priceshave ever turned negative. Suchan eye-popping slide is the resultof a quirk in the oil market, but itunderscores the industry’s disar-ray as the coronavirus pandemicdecimates the world economy.

Demand for oil is collapsing,and despite a deal by Saudi Ara-bia, Russia and other nations tocut production, the world is run-ning out of places to put all the oilthe industry keeps pumping out —about 100 million barrels a day. Atthe start of the year, oil sold forover $60 a barrel but by Friday ithit about $20.

Prices went negative — mean-ing that anyone trying to sell abarrel would have to pay a buyer$30 — in part because of the wayoil is traded. Futures contractsthat require buyers to take pos-session of oil in May are expiringon Tuesday, and nobody wanted

the oil because there was no placeto store it. Contracts for June de-livery were still trading for about$22 a barrel, down 16 percent forthe day.

“If you are a producer, yourmarket has disappeared and ifyou don’t have access to storageyou are out of luck,” said AaronBrady, vice president for energyoil market services at IHS Markit,a research and consulting firm.“The system is seizing up.”

Refineries are unwilling to turnoil into gasoline, diesel and otherproducts because so few peopleare commuting or taking airplaneflights, and international tradehas slowed sharply. Oil is alreadybeing stored on barges and in anynook and cranny companies canfind. One of the better parts of theoil business these days is owningstorage tankers.

“Traders have sent prices upand down on speculation, hopes,tweets and wishful thinking,” saidLouise Dickson, an oil markets an-alyst at Rystad Energy, a researchand consulting firm. “But now re-ality is sinking in.”

Oil Market Goes Into a Tailspin,With Sellers Even Paying Buyers

By STANLEY REED and CLIFFORD KRAUSS

Source: Refinitiv THE NEW YORK TIMES

$200

150

100

50

0

–$37.63Monday’s close:

’00 ’05 ’10 ’15 ’20

U.S.-ledinvasionof Iraq2003

Financialcrisis2008-09

Covid-19pandemicSept. 11, 2001

WTI crude, adjusted for inflation, plotted weekly

Price of Oil

Continued on Page A17

The pandemic inspired an innovativeproject to design and make a low-costventilator in weeks, not years. PAGE B1

BUSINESS B1-7

A Ventilator Made in a MonthBroadway was booming. Then thecoronavirus turned New York’s theaterdistrict into a ghost town. PAGE C1

ARTS C1-6

No Shows, and No CrowdsThe environmentalist who organizedthe first event, Denis Hayes, is trying tokeep its spirit alive — and to refocus itsenergy on climate change. PAGE D1

SCIENCE TIMES D1-8

Earth Day, 50 Years Later

Few want to talk about how 14 sailorsdied on a Russian submarine. Fewerstill want to talk about what they weredoing off Norway’s waters. PAGE A22

INTERNATIONAL A18-19, 22-23

Russia’s Undersea AgendaMichael Jordan, ever image-conscious,seems to be using a 10-part documenta-ry to reaffirm his legacy in the LeBronJames era, Sopan Deb writes. PAGE B8

SPORTSTUESDAY B8-9

Jordan’s New Spin Move

The fast-food chain made the move amidanger over big outlets getting relieffunds for small businesses. PAGE B1

Shake Shack Returning LoanDesigners and artists like ShepardFairey and Maira Kalman are creatingimages of safety and gratitude. PAGE C1

Public Art for a Pandemic

At least 19 people were killed in a 12-hour siege, one of Canada’s worst mas-sacres in recent memory. PAGE A19

Seeking Answers in Nova Scotia

Sirio Maccioni, a dashing restaurateurwho operated Le Cirque and charmedroyals, celebrities and Manhattanpower brokers, was 88. PAGE A24

OBITUARIES A24-25, 28

Host to High Society

Marco Rubio PAGE A27

EDITORIAL, OP-ED A26-27In banning non-unanimous verdicts forserious crimes, the justices tangledover the power of precedent. PAGE A21

NATIONAL A20-21

Court Affirms Jury Unanimity

WASHINGTON — PresidentTrump said on Monday eveningthat he intended to close theUnited States to people trying toimmigrate into the country to liveand work, a drastic move that hesaid would protect Americanworkers from foreign competitiononce the nation’s economy beganto recover from the shutdowncaused by the coronavirus out-break.

“In light of the attack from theInvisible Enemy, as well as theneed to protect the jobs of ourGREAT American Citizens,” Mr.Trump wrote on Twitter, “I will besigning an Executive Order totemporarily suspend immigrationinto the United States!”

In recent weeks, the Trump ad-ministration has said health con-cerns justified moving swiftly tobar asylum seekers and undocu-mented immigrants from enteringthe country, alarming immigra-tion advocates who have said thatMr. Trump and his advisers areusing a global pandemic to furtherhard-line immigration policies.

But the president’s late-nightannouncement on Monday sig-nals his most wide-ranging at-tempt yet to seal the country offfrom the rest of the world. A for-mal order temporarily barring theprovision of new green cards andwork visas could come as early asthe next few days, according toseveral people familiar with theplan.

Under such an executive order,the Trump administration wouldno longer approve any applica-tions from foreigners to live andwork in the United States for anundetermined period of time, ef-fectively shutting down the legalimmigration system in the sameway the president has long advo-

Trump to HaltImmigration

Into the U.S.By KATIE ROGERS

and MICHAEL D. SHEAR

Continued on Page A21

Late Edition

VOL. CLXIX . . . No. 58,670 + © 2020 The New York Times Company NEW YORK, TUESDAY, APRIL 21, 2020

Today, increasingly windy, after-noon showers or thunderstorms,high 60. Tonight, breezy, low 35. To-morrow, mostly sunny, high 52.Weather map appears on Page B10.

$3.00