reach for the skies
TRANSCRIPT
i confess that in 1901, i said to my brother orville that man would not fly for fifty years ... ever since, i have distrusted myself and avoided all predictions.
Wilbur Wright, in a speech to the Aero Club of France,
5 November 1908.
REACH FOR THE SKIES10 Years of Innovation and Leadership
T h e C o l l a b o r a t i o n b e t w e e n B r i s b a n e A i r p o r t C o r p o r a t i o n a n d Q u e e n s l a n d U n i v e r s i t y o f T e c h n o l o g y
[ 1 ]
Reach for the Skies Ten Years of Innovation and Leadership
The Brisbane Airport Corporation Limited (BAC) and Queensland University of Technology (QUT) continue to show great community leadership through their mutual commitment to the intellectual, economic, social and cultural development of South-East Queensland.
The BAC-QUT partnership assists Brisbane Airport in better understanding its development objectives and impacts on the surrounding environment. Having research opportunities at one work site is a pro forma for others to—where possible—consider. Both organisations are to be congratulated for their efforts.
The Honourable Anna Bligh MP, Premier of Queensland
The partnership between Brisbane Airport
Corporation and Queensland University
of Technology grew from a single
collaborative project in 1999.
Through prudent relationship management
and a visionary approach, the partnership
has matured to support world-class
research in airport innovation. It is a
mutually beneficial relationship where
each partner contributes to and benefits
from a diverse range of projects.
This publication tells the story of the first
10 years of the partnership and highlights
key projects, personnel and results.
[ 2 ]
Foreword PE
TE
R C
OA
LDR
AK
E
JULI
EA
NN
E A
LRO
E
Brisbane Airport Corporation (BAC) is a proud and
passionate Queensland company, with deep roots
in the economy and community.
Recognising the importance of Queensland’s
gateway airport to so many stakeholders
regionally and nationally, BAC’s philosophy has
always been one of partnership, collaboration
and win-win outcomes.
Our vision is to develop Brisbane Airport as a
world-class gateway for Australia. We are building
an efficient, competitive and customer-friendly
airport that reflects the modern role of the global
airport, one that integrates passenger terminal,
cargo and airfield operations with maintenance
precincts, appropriate industrial and commercial
activity, hospitality, retail, child care, health
services and offices.
More than 16 000 workers are now employed at
Brisbane Airport with this figure expected to
increase to more than 50 000—the size of a
regional city—over the coming two decades. Just
as coastal and river ports and railway towns have
driven urban growth in previous centuries, the
twenty-first century is emerging as the aviation
era. Around the world some cities are capitalising
on this new role that airports play in the economy,
while others are arguably missing out on the
potential this new aviation era offers.
The BAC-QUT partnership is a key to the delivery
of our vision. The relationship has grown from a
small, one-off project into a unique partnership,
in which the full resources of a multidisciplined,
world-class university are being applied to the
real-world challenges presented by the
sophisticated and highly challenging airport
environment.
More than $7 million has been invested to date
in the partnership and, while the in-kind and
supporting research adds many hundreds of
thousands of dollars more, the real results will
be measured in multiples of this as benefits
to resource use, efficiency gains, improved
processes and other operational improvements
become apparent over coming years.
In addition, the partnership is helping build
Australia’s reputation as a centre of excellence
in aviation and airport operations, development,
planning and environmental management.
The BAC-QUT partnership celebrates its tenth
anniversary just as one of the most important
collaborative projects yet undertaken gets
underway. The $4.35 million ‘Airports of the
Future’ project is the largest research project of
its type, and will involve multidisciplinary teams
undertaking unique studies into all aspects of
airport operations. This project is already attracting
global attention, and will establish Brisbane as
a world leader in aviation industry research,
education and excellence.
Julieanne Alroe CEO, Brisbane Airport Corporation
[ 3 ]
QUT is proud of its international reputation
for having a strong ‘real-world’ orientation
and close and productive links with industry and
the professions. We are committed to making a
significant and positive impact on the world by
joining academic strength with external partners
who are at the forefront of dealing with some of
the major issues facing society. QUT’s relationship
with the Brisbane Airport Corporation (BAC) is a
fine example of such a partnership, and how it can
deliver benefits over a long period of time.
For over a decade this partnership has enabled more
than 30 joint venture research projects between the
two organisations that will deliver tangible outcomes
for both, with a dual focus on the built and natural
environment and social and economic development.
In 2009, this has culminated in the securing of
support through the Australian Research Council
for a major initiative, ‘Airports of the Future’, which
aims to enhance the capabilities of Australian airport
operators to design and manage complex airport
systems. The research will develop innovative policy
and practice to enhance future airport management
of conflicting security, economic and passenger-
driven pressures, and improve productivity, cost
efficiency and enhance capabilities for critical
infrastructure protection. The outcomes will be of
international significance.
As Managing Director and CEO of Brisbane
Airport Corporation for more than 12 years, Koen
Rooijmans’ leadership ensured that BAC has
become an internationally respected, innovative
organisation, taking on unprecedented industry
challenges to create a world-class facility. The
sense of trust that has been built between the two
partners has encouraged QUT’s academics to think
about solutions in different ways, allowing a very
strong level of transdisciplinary collaboration that is
rare in Australia, or indeed internationally.
On behalf of QUT I warmly congratulate Koen on
his leadership and the achievements of BAC over
such a sustained period.
Reach for the Skies Ten Years of Innovation and Leadership
I would like also to take this opportunity to
welcome Julieanne Alroe, BAC’s new Managing
Director and CEO. Julieanne has an enviable
reputation in airport management at Australia’s
largest airport, Sydney. She was responsible for
the $500 million upgrade to the International
Terminal, a $128 million project to prepare for the
A380, and the Airport’s 20-year Master Plan.
I look forward to seeing the partnership between
QUT and BAC continue to strengthen in the years
ahead, and to its delivery of real benefits for the
community.
Professor Peter Coaldrake Vice-Chancellor, QUT
[ 4 ][ 4 ]
The partnership between Brisbane Airport
Corporation (BAC) and Queensland University
of Technology (QUT), which was formalised
through a Memorandum of Cooperation in 2000,
represents a new benchmark for collaborative
relationships between industry and academia.
The opportunity to access a significant body of
multidisciplinary expertise provides BAC with
the platform to develop a comparative advantage
in a highly competitive and volatile industry
sector. In this supportive environment, academic
researchers at QUT have the opportunity to
create fundamental knowledge and to witness
the translation of this knowledge into application,
while students can undertake work-integrated
learning and real-world problem solving essential
for training as future professionals.
A true marker of the strength of the relationship
between QUT and BAC is the freedom with which
the two partners share confidential information.
As the relationship has evolved, each organisation
has had to become familiar with each other’s
business, corporate culture, commercial drivers
and future goals, while developing mutual trust
and understanding. The two organisations
share and promote each other’s reputation by
identifying themselves as research partners.
Obligations to the partnership have meant
significant change in the culture and strategic
thinking of both organisations. QUT has had
to adopt a far more sophisticated approach
to collaboration across its faculties to bring a
whole-of-university focus to the partnership.
The traditional silos of expertise that generally
exist in academia have given way to more
transdisciplinary research with collaborative
involvement from many areas.
BAC in turn has had to open up its development,
planning and operational processes to
independent scrutiny and academic assessment.
BAC is also engaging with QUT to develop
broader thinking in decision making as well
as using the partnership to reach out beyond
its usual boundaries to embrace its many
stakeholders. The tangible research outcomes
have improved BAC operational procedures.
The BAC-QUT collaborative partnership has
grown over time through the two parties working
so closely together to develop mutual trust
and understanding of each other’s needs and
imperatives. It has delivered tangible benefits
to both parties and advanced their individual
reputations within their own sectors.
Managing the partnership Translating vision to realityKoen Rooijmans CEO (1997–2009), Brisbane Airport CorporationProfessor Martin Betts Executive Dean, Faculty of Built Environment and Engineering, QUT Professor Peter Little Executive Dean, Faculty of Business, QUT
[ 5 ]
Reach for the Skies Ten Years of Innovation and Leadership
The BAC-QUT Partnership was formalised through a Memorandum of Cooperation in 2000, launched by
the then-Premier of Queensland, Peter Beattie, who described it as a ‘world first’ and ‘a new benchmark for collaborative relationships … that embed innovation
and creativity in airport planning, development and operations.’
[ 6 ]
Working together Collaborating for successStephen Goodwin General Manager Operations, Brisbane Airport CorporationProfessor Ashantha Goonetilleke Chair in Airport Innovation, QUT
AS
HA
NT
HA
G
OO
NE
TIL
LEK
E
ST
EP
HE
N G
OO
DW
IN
Cum
ulat
ive
tota
l va
lue
of p
roje
cts
($’0
00)
10 000
9000
8000
7000
6000
5000
4000
3000
2000
1000
0
Cumulative total number of projects
5 10 15 20 25 30 35
Total project valueBAC contribution Funding from other sources Funding received beyond the partnership (ARCAA project)
[ 7 ]
Managing the diverse priorities and cultures of
two organisations has required significant time
and energy over the 10 years of the partnership.
As representatives of our respective
organisations, we bring our collective resources
and needs to the table and determine the most
appropriate course of action. Through each
project, both partners have learnt more about
the other—knowledge which is then applied for
future use.
The mutual trust built over time is the defining
feature of the partnership and provides room
for discussion (even disagreement) and the
mutual pursuit of goals. The success and
long-term sustainability of any partnership is
based on the mutual trust and respect between
the key individuals responsible for its day-to-day
stewardship. A partnership is only as good as
the effort and commitment of these individuals.
As the graph on the facing page illustrates, the
early years of the partnership operated under
similar conditions to previous university-industry
collaborations—namely a range of small-scale
independent projects.
As the partnership progressed, the partners
allocated more time and resources to truly
understand the other’s needs, resulting in
a greater level of trust. The outcome of this
progression was a series of projects that
more directly and strategically enhanced each
partner’s business. These strategic project ideas
were developed through workshops involving
key executives and researchers and, where
appropriate, other external partners.
Through this strategic approach, the partnership
has been able to apply its resources (in
conjunction with other agencies) to areas
of greater concern, including national and
international priorities. This has resulted in the
recent exponential growth in partnership activity.
Reach for the Skies Ten Years of Innovation and Leadership
Like any worthwhile partnership, we share
both the joy of success and the challenge of
disappointment. We continue to be active in
recognising and leveraging opportunity. The
partnership has provided a wonderful platform
for our organisations to achieve their goals and
an immense sense of achievement in its success.
The careful maintenance of the relationship itself
provides outstanding opportunities for individuals
to apply innovative knowledge to real-world
problems and opportunities.
We pay tribute to our fellow members of the
partnership’s Steering Committee—Bernie
Murchison (QUT) and Gwilym Davies (BAC)—
whose counsel and support have contributed
significantly to the success of the partnership.
We are proud of the achievements of the first
10 years of the partnership and look forward
with anticipation to the next decade of innovation
and leadership.
‘this partnership can play a leadership role in bringing a wide range of organisations together to research and develop solutions to complex issues facing the aviation sector.’
Professor Ashantha Goonetilleke, Queensland University of Technology
[ 8 ]
Partnership timeline
[ 9 ]
1999
Fi
rst
colla
bora
tive
proj
ect:
a v
irtua
l rea
lity
mod
el o
f B
risba
ne A
irpor
t.20
00
Mem
oran
dum
of
Coo
pera
tion
sign
ed b
etw
een
BA
C a
nd Q
UT.
2002
Jo
int
Ste
erin
g C
omm
ittee
for
med
to
asse
ss p
roje
cts
and
prov
ide
day-
to-d
ay m
anag
emen
t of
the
pa
rtne
rshi
p. T
he C
omm
ittee
con
tinue
s to
act
as
the
sing
le p
oint
of
cont
act
betw
een
BA
C a
nd Q
UT.
2004
Q
UT
acad
emic
(Pro
fess
or A
shan
tha
Goo
netil
leke
) bas
ed a
t B
AC
on
a fr
actio
nal a
ppoi
ntm
ent
to p
rovi
de s
trat
egic
and
ope
ratio
nal l
eade
rshi
p fo
r th
e pa
rtne
rshi
p. P
rofe
ssor
Goo
netil
leke
has
co
ntin
ued
to m
aint
ain
offic
es a
t B
AC
and
QU
T.
2006
Pa
rtne
rshi
p re
cogn
ised
by
the
Bus
ines
s/H
ighe
r E
duca
tion
Rou
nd T
able
with
the
aw
ard
for
the
Bes
t R
esea
rch
and
Dev
elop
men
t C
olla
bora
tion
in A
ustr
alia
.
2006
Q
UT
and
BA
C w
ith 1
4 ot
her
part
ners
rec
eive
$89
0 00
0 A
ustr
alia
n R
esea
rch
Cou
ncil
Link
age
Gra
nt t
oget
her
with
a f
urth
er $
580
000
from
oth
er p
artn
ers
for
‘The
Airp
ort
Met
ropo
lis: M
anag
ing
th
e In
terf
aces
’, a
four
-yea
r pr
ojec
t to
inve
stig
ate
viab
le a
nd s
usta
inab
le o
ptio
ns f
or t
he a
irpor
t ci
ty.
2007
E
stab
lishm
ent
of t
he C
hair
in A
irpor
t In
nova
tion
(Pro
fess
or A
shan
tha
Goo
netil
leke
) fu
nded
by
BA
C.
2008
B
AC
rec
eive
s th
e In
tern
atio
nal W
ater
Ass
ocia
tion
Aw
ard
for
‘Inno
vatio
n in
the
Pra
ctic
al
Rea
lisat
ion
of S
usta
inab
le U
rban
Wat
er M
anag
emen
t’, a
ckno
wle
dgin
g its
ach
ieve
men
ts in
wat
er
effic
ienc
y, c
onse
rvat
ion
and
reus
e. Q
UT
play
ed a
key
sup
port
ing
role
in in
nova
tion.
2009
Q
UT
and
BA
C, w
ith 3
1 ot
her
part
ners
rec
eive
$2.
4 m
illio
n A
ustr
alia
n R
esea
rch
Cou
ncil
Link
age
Gra
nt t
oget
her
with
a f
urth
er $
1.95
mill
ion
from
oth
er p
artn
ers
for
the
‘Airp
orts
of
the
Futu
re’,
a fo
ur-y
ear
proj
ect
focu
sed
on im
prov
ed e
cono
mic
, sec
urity
and
pas
seng
er o
utco
mes
at
A
ustr
alia
n ai
rpor
ts.
Reach for the Skies Ten Years of Innovation and Leadership
[ 10 ]
Awards, achievements and recognition
[ 11 ]
• BAC received a grant of $1.5 million from the
Department of Local Government, Sport and
Recreation/SEQWater under the Business
Water Efficiency Program of the Queensland
Government for the construction of the
0.5 megalitre per day tertiary wastewater
treatment plant. This confirmed BAC’s standing
within the corporate community as a leader
in water sustainability.
Reach for the Skies Ten Years of Innovation and Leadership
2009
20
08
• 2009, BAC was a finalist in the Corporate
Sustainability Award category in the EPA
Sustainable Industries Awards Scheme.
This award is given to an organisation for
outstanding performance in making corporate
sustainability the cornerstone of its business
development strategy.
• 2008, in Vienna, BAC was honoured by
the International Water Association (IWA)
with the Grand Award for ‘Innovation in the
Practical Realisation of Sustainable Urban
Water Management’, acknowledging its
achievements in water efficiency, conservation
and reuse.
• 2008, BAC received the award for the
Best Capital City Airport from the Australian
Airports Association (AAA), the peak industry
body in Australia. The AAA Award specifically
recognised Brisbane Airport’s commitment to
the reduction of potable water use and other
sustainable practices.
2006• 2006, the BAC-QUT Partnership was
recognised by the Business/Higher Education
Round Table with the award for the Best
Research and Development Collaboration
in Australia, specifically acknowledging the
collaborative, multidisciplinary research
being undertaken by QUT to support BAC’s
endeavours to design and develop a vibrant,
sustainable Airport City that enhances the
liveability of Greater Brisbane.
Other achievements in water sustainability
include:
• Brisbane Airport, once among the top 10
water users in Queensland, has significantly
reduced potable water consumption by
72 per cent over four years and is now being
cited as an exemplar by the Queensland Water
Commission www.wateratwork.com.au/
Brisbane+Airport+Corporation
‘The key role that QUT played in assisting BAC to achieve very significant savings in water consumption
is a clear demonstration of the value of the partnership and how QUT can support BAC in achieving
true sustainability.’Professor Ashantha Goonetilleke, QUT
[ 12 ]
Saving water, saving money: Practical and sustainable water management
‘it is significant that brisbane airport has been able to switch to alternative water sources but, like the rest of queensland, brisbane airport will continue to strive to be smarter in our water use by significantly increasing our use of recycled water as the technology and the availability comes on line.’
The Honourable Andrew McNamara, former Minister for Sustainability, Climate Change
and Innovation
Throughout the world, water is becoming an
increasingly valuable resource.
In 2004 BAC set an ambitious goal: to move
beyond tokenism to achieve sustainable water
management with significant social, economic
and environmental benefits. Beginning as a small
discrete project, the research has now spawned
a range of ongoing innovation programs.
With a vast 2700 hectare site, and more than 100
buildings, 130 businesses and 100 000 visitors
every day, revolutionising water management at
Brisbane Airport posed a significant business,
cultural and growth challenge.
The aim was simple: to reduce potable water
consumption at Brisbane Airport through
innovation, best practice and the appropriate
use of stormwater, recycled wastewater and
brackish groundwater. The project set a targeted
cap of 600 megalitres per year on potable
water consumption until the year 2020, despite
significant anticipated growth in airport operations.
The project team sought to incorporate a
pervasive and all-inclusive approach across
the entire airport, including service delivery,
operational needs, and development and
construction activities.
Brisbane Water undertook the original feasibility
study to evaluate opportunities for water
efficiency, water conservation and reuse. The
Queensland Government provided a subsidy of
$1.5 million under the Business Water Efficiency
Program for the construction of a 0.5 megalitre
per day tertiary wastewater treatment plant.
QUT played a strategic role throughout the project
by assisting in partnership building with external
agencies and providing technical advice, including
the design of a stormwater lake.
The project was underpinned by a clear policy
for potable water use at all airport facilities and
functions, supported by a clear communication
strategy with internal and external stakeholders
and an active process of tenant/contractor
engagement.
The result has been a substantial new body
of multidisciplinary, technical and scientific
knowledge about water capture, quality, use
and management and a range of initiatives to
improve water efficiency unprecedented at
an international airport.
[ 13 ]
Reach for the Skies Ten Years of Innovation and Leadership
‘QUT’s assistance in helping BAC see the value of sustainable outcomes through our water management
and conservation strategy has allowed BAC to understand that “sustainability” is not mere rhetoric,
but makes good business sense.’Stephen Goodwin,
Brisbane Airport Corporation
HELEN CLARKE Environment Manager, Brisbane Airport Corporation
Savings of $2.1 million have been achieved
through a 72 per cent reduction in potable
water consumption. Over time these
savings will increase significantly as the
price of water escalates to reflect its
true market value.
The introduction of high-quality recycled
wastewater for cooling towers at the Airport
terminals has resulted in further savings of
78 per cent for 2008–2009 and a projected
82 per cent each year in the following years.
The end result is a cost saving of $2.3 million
in potable water use in 2008–2009 and
$2.4 million each year thereafter—a beneficial
outcome for business and the environment.
[ 14 ]
The Airport Metropolis: Managing the interfaces
Airports are no longer just places to catch a plane.
The role, scale and meaning of major airports
worldwide have changed over the past decade as
the aeroplane emerges as the dominant transport
system of the twenty-first century, for both
passengers and freight.
The modern airport is developing as an important
sub-regional activity centre, the ‘airport metropolis’,
often incorporating retail, manufacturing and
tourism facilities as well as the airport itself.
With this comes growing complexity in land
use, infrastructure, transport and environmental
impacts, and stakeholder relations.
As a result of such changes, airport impacts now pose
considerable challenges for both airport operators and
the surrounding urban and regional environment.
The airport can no longer be managed in isolation
from the metropolis that it serves.
In Australia, issues that are currently being
faced include:
• Environmental—impacts (space, noise and
emissions) and resource use
• Infrastructure—inadequate and inequitable
infrastructure provision
• Economy—inefficiencies and duplication of
commercial investments
• Governance—challenges in decision
making, poor coordination between levels of
government, and conflict between jurisdictions
• Transport—localised congestion, isolation of
planning strategies
• Use—conflicts and competition between
airports and urban areas.
The primary role of this multiple airport study
is to investigate the economic, land use,
infrastructure and governance aspects of
emerging airport city regions. This range of
impacts, interactions, and conflicts between
airports and their regions can be conceptualised
as interfaces. Interfaces identify how airports
operate as catalysts for change.
This research, which has attracted interest
and funding from a wide national industry and
government base, will increase understanding
of the drivers, the transition processes, and the
outcomes of airport-induced changes to reduce
unproductive conflict and guide ongoing changes
to airports and their host cities and regions.
The project began in 2007 and is expected to be
completed in 2011.
‘in response to the evolving scale and regional significance of major hub airports, the aerotropolis project will seek to identify and discuss a shared vision for the airport city and airport corridor areas, engaging key agency and industry stakeholders in a collaborative approach to leveraging economic, infrastructure and land-use outcomes.’
Mark Willey, Executive Manager Airport Planning,
Brisbane Airport Corporation
[ 15 ]
‘The Airport Metropolis project is assisting Brisbane City Council in the complex task of managing one of the world’s fastest growing regions, and in particular, managing the airport’s role and impact on the city’s development.’Michael Papageorgiou, Divisional Manager,City Planning and Sustainability Brisbane City Council
Research Partners
Australian Research Council
QUT
Brisbane Airport Corporation
Queensland Transport
Adelaide Airport
Capital Airport Group
Port of Brisbane Corporation
Airtrain City Link
Tourism & Transport Forum (TTF)
Brisbane City Council
PTV Asia-Pacific Pty Ltd
Commerce Queensland
Airbiz Aviation Strategies Pty Ltd
University of New South Wales
Southern Cross University
University of North Carolina
Delft University of Technology
‘for qut, the project is spearheading the university’s leadership in this academic and research space, leading to further collaborations nationally and internationally.’
Professor Doug Baker, QUT
[ 16 ]
Saving energy, emissions, money: Strategic Energy Planning at Brisbane Airport
This Energy Efficiency project typifies the
BAC-QUT Partnership, where a small project
leads to further investigation, generates new
funding and produces very practical outcomes
for application across the Airport.
The Direct Factory Outlet (DFO) is a prominent
landmark on Brisbane Airport, attracting many
thousands of shoppers, airport workers and
tourists every day.
The QUT research team identified a range of
strategies for reducing peak demand and total
energy use in the DFO building as part of BAC’s
drive to set ambitious sustainability benchmarks
for all airport operations. The research uncovered
an array of technologies, practices, design
modifications, new building operations and
occupant behaviours to achieve significant
energy-use reductions.
Outcomes include a detailed breakdown of
energy uses, which can be applied to more than
100 other airport buildings; a thermal model of the
DFO building; and detailed proposals for reducing
energy demand and peak load in the building,
including cost estimates for implementation and
measurement of their benefits. Implementing
energy reduction strategies led to savings of
1121 megawatt hours and $112 000 per annum,
for a one-off capital expenditure of approximately
$140 000.
Using the DFO results as a benchmark, a new
project evolved, with the QUT team together
with the BAC stakeholders undertaking a review
of earlier energy study audits as a basis for an
airport-wide energy study. A comprehensive
risk profile is being developed for the airport’s
energy future, as well as an implementation plan
which will incorporate details on energy policy,
risk mitigation, demand-side and supply-side
technologies.
This overarching energy master planning study
is expected to deliver immediate and long-term
savings to BAC and its tenants, as well as drive
significant efficiencies in energy use—upwards
of 25 per cent in some cases. For example, the
project identified $17 700 annual energy cost
savings in the BAC headquarters building alone,
with a payback of fewer than three years.
An enduring benefit is the emergence of a new
culture of energy management, strategic reporting
to senior management, and organisation-wide
cultural change in relation to energy, its value
and its impact.
‘the energy efficiency investigation will be used as a foundation for decision making in relation to improved energy efficiency outcomes across brisbane airport.’
Helen Clarke, Environment Manager, Brisbane Airport Corporation
[ 17 ]
Reach for the Skies Ten Years of Innovation and Leadership
‘One of the most satisfying features of these projects is seeing the energy-control measures
produce immediate savings. These measures can be applied to almost any organisation.’
Professor John Bell, QUT
[ 18 ]
Efficient security practices: Managing the human factor
The safety and security of aircraft and
passengers is BAC’s most important priority.
But it can sometimes be a challenge to balance
this commitment with an efficient and
customer-friendly environment.
The most important factor in striving for optimal
security and efficiency in baggage and passenger
screening is the human factor, especially the
vigilance of baggage screeners in picking up
all suspicious items. The biggest threat to this
vigilance is also human: monotony.
In 2007 and 2008, BAC and QUT examined the
effects of monotony on this repetitive but critical
task, to ensure the margin for error is reduced
and that the right type of people for the right
security function are selected in the first place.
The aim of the project was to understand the
factors that affect baggage screeners’ ability to
perform efficiently. Performance and personnel
data were collected and analysed to determine
the relative impact of variables such as age,
gender, shift lengths, level of distraction, and
fatigue on the accuracy with which screeners
detect threat items using x-ray technology.
The research resulted in recommendations
aimed at improving carry-on baggage screening
performance at Brisbane’s domestic and
international terminals.
For passengers, the clear benefits lie in the culture
of ‘constant improvement’ being adopted for
screening practices and screening performance
at x-ray screening points in the terminals.
For QUT, the project provided an excellent
opportunity for recent PhD graduates to be
engaged with a challenging research project that
used their specific statistical and analytical skills.
The project was undertaken with the cooperation
of Brisbane Airport’s security partner, ISS Security.
‘with this research bac will have a better understanding of the layered security activities in place and ensure airport employees are working in synergy with their environment. the aim is to provide a safer, more secure airport, with screening staff who are comfortable and productive in their roles, ultimately allowing passengers to be more relaxed as they travel.’
Stephen Goodwin, Brisbane Airport Corporation
‘the project outcomes confirmed the instincts of the security team and provided a vital evidence base for management decisions.’
Dr Renata Meuter, QUT
‘The operator vigilance project assisted ISS to understand and improve the passenger experience, while maximising security. The strength of the partnership between BAC and QUT gave us the assurance to engage with the project and we intend to continue our involvement with similar projects in the future.’Mike Day, National General Manager, Aviation and Maritime Services, ISS Security
Reach for the Skies Ten Years of Innovation and Leadership
[ 19 ]
[ 20 ]
Birds and planes: Creating a safe airport environment for both
‘The partnership between BAC and QUT continues to produce innovative and
tangible results, many of which can be translated for the benefit of the airport
and aviation industry generally.’Ken Keech, CEO, Australian Airports Association
[ 20 ]
[ 21 ]
Brisbane Airport is a large and environmentally
diverse facility, bordered by wetlands, water
ways and large tracts of mangroves and other
vegetation.
A major challenge for airports worldwide is
to ensure the safety and efficiency of airport
operations while managing their impacts on the
natural environment. The interaction between
birds and aircraft, for example, has been a major
focus of research, with ‘bird strikes’ being
identified as a critical risk factor.
In 2004, a risk assessment of wildlife hazards
to aircraft was undertaken and a consequent
management strategy developed as part of
BAC’s broader commitment to environmental
management and airport safety.
To reduce bird strike risk QUT researchers, in
collaboration with BAC’s environment team,
developed a scientific habitat management
scheme for the vast grasslands and other habitats
surrounding the runways, taxiway and aprons.
One objective of the study was to determine
which species and habitats within the airport
boundary created the greatest risk for aircraft.
Historical bird strike data was used to help
identify hazardous species and areas.
As a result, a sophisticated but cost-effective
vegetation and vertebrate management strategy
was implemented for the habitats determined to
be most hazardous.
The project, which attracted world-wide media
and industry attention, was completed in 2007,
and its results continue to provide tangible
benefits to the management of the Brisbane
Airport airfield and surrounds.
For example, results from the vegetation
manipulation study showed that maintaining
grass within a 30–50cm height range reduced
the presence of hazardous birds by 85 per cent.
Keeping grass at this height has also meant a
direct cost saving of more than $60 000 annually
to airport management.
Ultimately the project has resulted in a safer
aviation environment, real savings in airfield
maintenance, a better understanding and
more sustainable management of the unique
fauna species that populate the airport and
its surrounds.
Reach for the Skies Ten Years of Innovation and Leadership
‘the investigation into grassland management was useful to gauge the effectiveness from an ecological and operational perspective of existing maintenance controls and the relationship to bird hazard management.’
Helen Clarke, Environment Manager, Brisbane Airport Corporation
[ 22 ]
Ground-breaking research: New surveying techniques assist runway planning
With its size and unique geography, Brisbane
Airport poses a range of challenges for land
reclamation, preparation and construction.
A QUT research project was undertaken in
2002–2003 to research, investigate, evaluate and
report on traditional and innovative technologies
and survey methodologies appropriate for the
collection of spatial data for terrain modelling
over the Brisbane Airport site.
The project was extended in 2004 to include
the creation of a digital terrain model (DTM) of
the area affected by developments for Brisbane
Airport’s proposed new parallel runway. BAC
datasets were also extensively ‘cleaned’.
The outcomes of the research have enabled
BAC’s planners and property development teams
to calculate earthworks quantity for the proposed
development at an accuracy better than that
available through conventional ground or aerial
survey techniques.
BAC can now access an up-to-date 3D plan
or digital model of the development area and
surrounds to accurately predict and monitor
environmental and other impacts in support
of improved decision making.
The project has had the additional benefit of
giving QUT undergraduate students valuable
first-hand experience in areas such as geodetic
control field survey, and preparing data for the
DTM creation. The project provided the basis for
a QUT undergraduate unit in 2004.
‘on a $1.3 billion project, in which the preparation of the site is such a complex, time-consuming and costly element of the process, this qut research has helped develop far more detailed and accurate estimations of our fill and sand requirements, resulting in significant savings for the project and greater environmental outcomes.’
Paul Coughlan, Project Director, New Parallel Runway,
Brisbane Airport Corporation
‘students engaged enthusiastically in the research following a realisation and understanding that they would be applying their spatial science skillset and cutting-edge data collection and information analysis technologies for the solution of a real-world problem.’
Dr John Hayes, QUT
[ 23 ]
Airports of the Future: Planning tomorrow’s hubs today
Reach for the Skies Ten Years of Innovation and Leadership
‘The Airports of the Future project marks a watershed in terms of the integrity, depth and ability of the collaboration to bring together more than 30 participants nationally and internationally in the aviation and academic worlds to work in an holistic and integrated manner.
The results will profoundly contribute to the understanding and improvement of ‘future airport cities’ and the way we will work, travel and live.’
Stephen Goodwin, Brisbane Airport Corporation
[ 24 ][ 24 ]
‘the long-term bac-qut partnership, leadership and major investment by bac in research and innovation were the key factors in attracting industry and government support for this project—a project which will shape the future of airports in australia.’
Professor Prasad K.D.V. Yarlagadda, QUT
‘the australian research council funding of the “airports of the future” project represents a tremendous opportunity for the aviation community to address the complex issues related to aviation security and the passenger experience.’
Paul Retter AM, Executive Director, Office of Transport Security, Department
of Infrastructure, Transport, Regional Development and Local Government
The modern airport is a complex sociotechnical
system that needs to balance the sometimes
conflicting demands of passenger convenience,
security and business efficiency.
These pressures will become more urgent in the
future, with, for example, the cost of security
measures mandated by the national government
for the five major Australian airports expected to
reach $152 million a year by 2010.
‘Airports of the Future’ is a comprehensive
five-year research project that draws on
disciplines within engineering, design, information
technology and business to develop knowledge
and systems that will improve the safety, security,
efficiency and passenger experience within
Australian airports.
Supported by a linkage grant from the Australian
Research Council, the project involves three
major Australian airports, smaller airports around
Australia, the Schiphol Airport Amsterdam,
airlines, and relevant agencies as well as
researchers from QUT and other Australian and
international universities. In all, 33 partners are
contributing to the project (see facing page).
The project developed organically out of earlier
projects focused on simplifying systems and
improving the passenger experience for travel
between Australia and New Zealand and other
outbound international travel from Australian
airports.
Areas of focus include business continuity,
intelligent surveillance, identity management,
and airport information models. A particular
concern is to address escalating conflicts
between aviation security and the needs of
passengers.
Significantly, the outcomes of this project will
be transferable to other complex sociotechnical
systems, providing the potential to transform
a range of Australian critical infrastructure and
transport hubs.
[ 25 ]‘The Australian Customs and Border Protection Service is pleased to a part of the “Airports of the Future” research in collaboration with QUT, other universities, industry, in particular Brisbane Airport, and other government agencies. This unique collaboration holds the promise of genuine innovation as we think about and work through the potential design of future airports from a whole-of-airport and traveller perspective.’Jan Dorrington, National Director Passengers Division, Australian Customs and Border Protection Service
Research PartnersAustralian Research Council QUT Brisbane Airport Corporation Massachusetts Institute of Technology USA University of Technology Sydney University of Melbourne Edith Cowan University Delft University of Technology Department of Immigration and Citizenship Australian Quarantine and Inspection Services Australian Crime Commission Australian Customs Service Department of Infrastructure, Transport, Regional Development and Local Government Australian Federal Police Schiphol Airport
Melbourne Airport Westralia Airports Corporation Pty Ltd NT Airports Pty Ltd Cairns Airport Pty Ltd Rockhampton Airport Capital Airport Group Queensland Airports Ltd Mackay Airport Pty Ltd Newcastle Airport Sunshine Coast Airport Hobart International Airport Pty Ltd South Burnett Regional Council Emirates Group Security Qantas International Air Transport Association ISS Security Airport Coordination Australia Australian Airports Association Tourism & Transport Forum (TTF)
Reach for the Skies Ten Years of Innovation and Leadership
[ 25 ]
[ 26 ]
Flying robots: Harnessing the power of pilotless aircraft
A world where combating terrorism, crop dusting
and fire fighting can all be carried out by pilotless
aircraft is drawing nearer every day.
The Australian Research Centre for Aviation
Automation (ARCAA) is a joint initiative of
QUT and the CSIRO ICT Centre with major
support from the Queensland Government and
Boeing. ARCAA is dedicated to researching and
implementing new roles for Unmanned Aerial
Vehicles (UAVs).
Brisbane Airport’s dedicated education zone,
the Da Vinci Centre, will soon be home to a
$6 million purpose-built research facility that
will bring together the nation’s leading UAV
researchers under one roof. When it is finished in
early 2010, this new facility will be the nursery for
a new industry in Queensland—the commercial
application of UAV technology.
The QUT group had interests in aviation and
space, having worked with NASA Jet Propulsion
Laboratory to develop the Global Navigation
Satellite System (GNSS) payload of Australia’s
first satellite in more than 30 years—FedSat.
The CSIRO group, having developed the world’s
first vision-based helicopter hovering system,
were interested in computer vision and robotics.
Recognising these complementary interests, a
loose agreement to co-supervise PhD students in
2003 has now attracted in excess of $20 million
in project funding since 2005.
In 2007, ARCAA also organised Australia’s
first aerial robotics competition in Kingaroy,
attracting competitors from around the world.
With ongoing support from ARCAA and the
Queensland Government, the UAV Outback
Challenge continues to highlight the potential
benefits to Australia of this emerging technology.
QUT was at the forefront of the emerging
aviation industry in Queensland with the
State’s first degree in Avionics Engineering. It is
appropriate that the new home for ARCAA will
be a mini-campus for the University, providing
training and research for one of Queensland’s
most exciting new industries.
‘the boeing company is very pleased to be part of this exciting partnership for the development of unmanned aircraft system (uas) technologies between industry, government and higher education. these relationships demonstrate and promote the south-east queensland region as a world centre for the development of these technologies.’
Al Bryant, General Manager, Boeing Research and Technology Australia
‘the main challenge with uavs is not to teach them how to fly, but rather how to see, hear and sense as if a human were at the controls—observing weather, geographical features and other flying objects to avoid problems and carry out the required tasks’.
Professor Rod Walker, QUT
[ 27 ]
Reach for the Skies Ten Years of Innovation and LeadershipReach for the Skies Ten Years of Innovation and Leadership
‘The ARCAA is a perfect fit for Brisbane Airport’s Da Vinci Centre, and its international profile will help establish this important education and training precinct at the forefront of airport development. It will showcase the international quality of Queensland’s research and development capability.’Shane Sparks, Property Development Manager, Brisbane Airport Corporation
[ 28 ]
The stories in this volume have
provided a snapshot of the first 10
years of partnership between
BAC and QUT.
Both parties are strongly committed
to the Airport City concept and the
joint role needed to make it a reality.
The undisputed future of aviation and
its impact on future global economic
and social development ensure the
continued necessity for applied
innovation in all areas of airport
operations.
Specifically, future outcomes will see
QUT continuing its progression as
a world leader in aviation-related
research, education and training.
Brisbane Airport will gain international
recognition and respect as a world-
leading airport city. The partnership
itself will continue to be an exemplar
of industry-university collaboration,
a generator of innovation and
knowledge creation and a locus for
participation by other industry and
government partners.
A partnership for the future‘Airports are emerging as major business activity centres with a growing complexity of issues and challenges, from land use, infrastructure, transport and environmental impacts and implications, to relationships with local communities and federal, state and local governments. TTF recognises the vital importance of leading-edge research to the sustainability, competitiveness and, ultimately, prosperity of our airports, and we congratulate BAC and QUT on their enduring and valuable contribution.’
Christopher Brown, Managing Director, Tourism & Transport Forum (TTF) Australia
[ 29 ]
Project Investment Project Team Expected Outcomes
1. Airports of the Future(Completion 2013)
Commonwealth Government $2.4 million
BAC $600 000
Others $1.35 million
BAC S. Goodwin, S. Hill, G. Shaw, D. Krause
QUT Professor P. Yarlagadda, Professor S. Sridharan, Professor K. Mengerson, Professor M. Rosemann, Professor E. Dawson, Dr C. Fookes, Professor V. Popovic, Dr P. Barnes, Professor R. Drogemuller, Professor A. Goonetilleke
University of Melbourne Professor P. Mendis
University of Technology Sydney Professor M. Piccardi
Edith Cowan University Professor N. Srinivasan
Massachusetts Institute of Technology, USA Professor J. Hansman
Delft University of Technology, Netherlands Professor G. Lodewijks
Improved safety, security, efficiency and passenger experience within airports by developing an integrated and adaptive complex systems approach for design, management and operation of airports.
E S O
2. The Airport Metropolis: Managing the Interfaces (Completion 2011)
Commonwealth Government $890 000
QUT $200 000
BAC $300 000
Others $280 000 (over 4 years)
QUT Professor D. Baker, Professor L. Ferreira, Professor A. Goonetilleke, Dr P. Barnes, Dr R. Keast, P. Kimmet, N. Stevens, T. Donnet, K. Alcorn
Southern Cross University Professor N. Ryan, Professor K. Brown, Dr M. Charles, R. Kivits
University of NSW Professor R. Freestone
University of North Carolina, USA Professor J. Kasarda, Dr S. Appold
Delft University of Technology, Netherlands Professor W. Walker
BAC S. Goodwin, M. Willey
Adelaide Airport J. McArdle
Canberra Airport N. McCann
Port of Brisbane Dr R. Morton
Commonwealth Department of Infrastructure M. Hunter
Queensland Department of Transport and Main Roads C. Nelson, T. Baskerville
Queensland Department of Infrastructure and Planning J. Larcombe
Brisbane City Council M. Papageorgiou
Brisbane Airtrain C. Basche
Transport and Tourism Forum E. Robertson
• Definition of the drivers of an airport metropolis and interface relations
• Design of a decision-support diagnostic for complex decision making
• Establishment of an economically viable and sustainable policy and planning options for developing the airport metropolis.
S
S E E
S E E
Ten years of innovation and leadershipA COMPLETE LIST OF COLLABORATIVE PROjECTS 1999–2009
Projects that have contributed directly to Brisbane Airport’s key sustainability measures are highlighted by their operational area: E Economic E Environmental O Operational S Social
[ 30 ]
Project Investment Project Team Expected Outcomes
3. Exploring risky driver behaviours adopted by international motorists on Australian roads (Completion 2011)
BAC $89 796 (over 3 years)
BAC C. Young, D. Krause, T. Rossitto
QUT Professor J. Davey, Dr P. Obst, R. Williams
• Understanding the nature of international tourists’ driving behaviour
• Identification of important motivational and volitional contributors to the behaviours of interest
• Development of a conceptual model that identifies relationships between motivational and volitional processes and driver behaviours of interest.
S
S
S
4. Intelligent Surveillance System and early warning support for monitoring human traffic in airport buildings (Completion 2010)
Commonwealth Government $360 000
BAC $160 000
QUT $90 000
QUT Professor S. Sirdharan, Dr C. Fookes, S. Denman
BAC S. Hill, A. Kerr
Development of fundamental knowledge on the creation of ‘smart spaces’ at the Airport including:
• people tracking in a crowd
• face recognition overcoming the problems of poor lighting conditions
• recognition of unattended items
These outcomes in turn will provide the baseline knowledge for the larger multi-faceted ‘Airports of Future’ project.
O
O
O
5. Whole of Airport Energy Review/Strategic Planning (Completion 2009)
BAC $437 378
BAC H. Clarke, P. Randall, K. Blazely
QUT Professor J. Bell, D. Hood
•Minimum saving of 25 per cent in energy costs
•Associated savings in emissions
•Benchmarking and best practice guidelines for energy efficient design.
E E
E
E S
6. ‘Airports of the Future’ pilot project (Completion 2009)
QUT $400 000
BAC $150 000
Others $125 000
BAC S. Goodwin, S. Hill
QUT Professor P. Yarlagadda, Dr C. Fookes, Professor M. Rosemann, Professor A. Goonetilleke, Professor R. Drogemuller, Professor V. Popovic, Professor K. Mengersen, Dr P. Barnes, S. Denman, Dr B. Kraal, S. Mazhar, N. Sinclair, P. Kirk.
This project is a precursor to the larger ‘Airports of the Future’ project. The primary outcome will be the modelling and identification of opportunities to simplify complex systems and minimise interventions for passenger facilitation with a focus on outbound international travel.
E S O
7. Automatic vehicle monitoring system at International Terminal drop-off area (Completion 2009)
BAC $80 000
BAC S. Hill, A. Kerr
QUT Professor S. Sirdharan, Dr C. Fookes, S. Denman
• Development and implementation of a vehicle number plate recognition system for access control at the International Terminal
• Improved security at the ‘front of terminal’.
O E
O
[ 31 ]
Project Investment Project Team Outcomes
8. Ecology and habitat use of Lewin’s Rail (Completed 2009)
BAC $64 000 (over 2 years)
BAC W. Drury, H. Clarke
QUT Dr I. Williamson, J. Gibson
• Understanding of the influence of habitat condition on Lewin’s Rail abundance
• Identification of management measures to retain habitat structure/composition to support the species long term
• Enhancement of the scientifically based management of the Biodiversity Zone at Brisbane Airport.
E S
E E
E S E
9. Brisbane Airport conservation area as a site for a wireless acoustic sensing network (Completed 2009)
BAC $12 000 (over 2 years)
BAC W. Drury, H. Clarke
QUT Dr I. Williamson, J. Gibson, Professor P. Grace, Professor P. Roe, Dr R. Mason, Professor B. Pham
• Assessment of the presence/absence and density of Lewin’s Rail in specific areas
• Assessment of the impact of airport and construction disturbance on the vocal activity of Lewin’s Rail
• Enhancement of the scientifically based management of the Biodiversity Zone at Brisbane Airport.
E S
E E
E S E
10. Air quality impact during ground running procedures (Completed 2009)
BAC $45 000
BAC H. Clarke, W. Drury
QUT Professor L. Morawska, Dr G. Johnson, Dr M. Mazaheri
• Measurement of aircraft emission factors including gases and ultrafine particles for a range of aircraft types during ground running operations
• Measurement of ground support vehicle emission factors including gaseous emissions and ultrafine particles for typical operation loads
• Quantification of airport generated emissions at airside.
E
E
E S
11. Factors affecting performance efficiency in baggage screeners (Completed 2008)
BAC $28 000
BAC S. Hill, A. Kerr, G. Chadwick, J. McCaffery, A. Bannister
QUT Dr R. Meuter
• Identification of the effects on screening operator performance based on job experience, time on task, time of day, level of distraction, age, sex and shift pattern
• Recommendations for performance optimisation on site
• Availability of scientifically based empirical knowledge for improved passenger facilitation at screening points.
O S
O E
O S E
12. Evaluation of stormwater runoff quality at the DFO car park: Brisbane Airport (Completed 2008)
BAC $19 500
BAC H. Clarke
QUT Professor A. Goonetilleke, Dr S. Sivapalan
• Availability of scientifically based empirical knowledge for improved management of stormwater runoff quality from commercial developments at the Airport
• Confirmation that pollutant contributions to stormwater are lesser or comparable to typical urban landuses
• Availability of important baseline information for the formulation of future stormwater quality mitigation strategies.
E S E
E S
E S
Projects that have contributed directly to Brisbane Airport’s key sustainability measures are highlighted by their operational area: E Economic E Environmental O Operational S Social
[ 32 ]
Project Investment Project Team Outcomes
13. Development of energy efficiency measures for the Direct Factory Outlet (DFO) building (Completed 2007)
BAC $8970
BAC K. Blazely, H. Clarke, P. Randall
QUT Professor J. Bell, D. Hood
• Detailed breakdown of energy uses at the DFO building
• Recommendations for reducing energy demand in the building resulting in a saving of 23 per cent of total energy consumption
• This in turn translated to a cost saving of $95 000 and 1000 tonnes of emissions per year and a payback period 1.4 years on the investment.
O
E E
E E
14. Critical impediments to the effective implementation of Business Continuity Management initiatives at the Brisbane Airport (Completed 2007)
In-kind support only BAC S. Hill
QUT Dr P. Barnes, D. Zerbe
• Identification of the common elements of a standardised Business Continuity Management approach and the variation in stakeholder uptake of these elements
• Identification of the unique needs that exist within an airport setting and how they influence Business Continuity Planning (BCP)
• Identification of the impediments within BAC which could hinder the adoption and execution of BCPs.
O
O
O
15. Bioaerosol levels in indoor air in public access areas in the domestic and international terminal buildings (Completed 2007)
In-kind support only BAC W. Olsen, G. Shaw, K. Hughes
QUT Associate Professor M. Hargreaves
• Identification of a relationship between human presence and activity on the microbiological quality of indoor air
• Recommendations for the improvement of air quality in public areas at the two terminal buildings.
E O S
E O S
16. Efficient and cost-effective detection of weapons and hazardous materials at airports: a technology scan (Completed 2007)
BAC $28 118
BAC S. Hill, S. Goodwin
QUT Associate Professor P. Fredericks, Associate Professor S. Bottle, Associate Professor M. Hargreaves, Dr D. Gramotnev, Dr K. Momot, S. de Visser
In-depth evaluation of the available, developing and emerging detection technologies in six categories—imaging, molecular, optical, chemical, radiation detection and biological—with specific application and reference to the airport security environment.
E O
17. Social and environmental reporting in the Annual Report of Brisbane Airport Corporation (Completed 2006)
BAC $15 600
BAC Dr B. Bowes
QUT Dr M. Mirza, Associate Professor J. Stewart, Dr L. Drennan
• The articulation of clear justification for Corporate Sustainability Reporting
• The creation of a template including, guidance, reporting and information needs for Corporate Sustainability Reporting.
OESE
OESE
18. Building BAC corporate brand platforms: The vision-image culture triangle, critical relationship maps and brand position insights (Completed 2006)
BAC $20 000
BAC O. Ambagtsheer, C. McPhee
QUT Dr R. Stokes
Development of a corporate brand positioning structure and branding strategy for the individual precincts/product arenas in the master plan.
S E
[ 33 ]
Project Investment Project Team Outcomes
19. Visioning Airport City (Completed 2005)
BAC $2274
BAC G. Davies
QUT Dr C. Gunasekera, Professor L. Bradley
A staff-driven visioning process to identify and describe the unique characteristics of the Brisbane Airport City.
O S
20. Strategies to minimise the ecological risk to the aquatic environment at Brisbane Airport (Completed 2005)
BAC $18 000
QUT $9000
BAC K. Rains, H. Clarke
QUT Professor A. Goonetilleke, Associate Professor G. Ayoko
• Confirmation that pollutant contributions to stormwater are lesser when compared to typical urban landuses
• Availability of important baseline information for the formulation of future stormwater quality mitigation strategies
• Formed an important baseline study to support the New Parallel Runway EIS.
E S
E
E E
21. Knowledge Strategy and Information/Document Management System (Completed 2005)
BAC $17 000
QUT $10 000
BAC G. Davies, I. Morrison
QUT Professor G. Hearn, Professor S. Kaplan, Professor H. Pillay, Dr M. Foth, Dr G. Timberell
• Definition of the current knowledge systems at BAC
• Design of an information/document management system, implementation strategy suitable for operational and strategic imperatives.
O
O
22. IT Security Vulnerability Assessment(Completed 2005)
BAC $15 000
BAC D. Murphy, T. Rothwell
QUT Professor E. Dawson, Dr A. Clark
• Investigation of how well IT risk is managed at an organisational level within BAC
• Identification of critical areas where IT security needed to be improved.
O E
O E
23. Development of an optimal spatial decision support system using multicriteria evaluation techniques and approximate reasoning(Completed 2005)
Commonwealth Government $44 584
BAC $49 500
QUT $25 000
BAC S. Goodwin, K. Rains, J. Overton
QUT Professor A Goonetilleke, Associate Professor D. Campbell, Dr J. Hayes, Dr D. Bailey
Development of a decision support system for site selection for infrastructure development projects.
E E
24. Long-term strategic approach for energy at Brisbane Airport (Completed 2005)
BAC $35 000
QUT $27 500
BAC P. Randall, K. Rains, C. Slattery
QUT Dr A. Das, Dr. R. Brown, Professor John Bell, Professor G. Ledwich, Professor A. Goonetilleke
• Identification of retrofitting options for existing facilities based on their costs and benefits under different energy price scenarios and alternative energy choices under different price scenarios
• Identification of building and energy technologies based on their costs, benefits under different energy price scenarios for planned facilities
• Identification of integrated energy strategies for the future airport including additional investment requirements under different demand development and energy price scenarios.
E E
E E
E S E
Projects that have contributed directly to Brisbane Airport’s key sustainability measures are highlighted by their operational area: E Economic E Environmental O Operational S Social
[ 34 ]
Project Investment Project Team Outcomes
25. A cost-effective grassland and weed management strategy to reduce bird strikes at the Brisbane Airport (Completed 2005)
BAC $65 625
BAC K. Rains, P. Randall, H. Clarke, W. Drury, J. McCaffery
QUT Dr J. Wilson, Associate Professor P. Mather, B. Thomson
• The managed grasslands surrounding the runway, taxiways and aprons were identified as the most hazardous in relation to bird strike potential
• Results from the bird hazard index identified the ibis species and raptor species as the most hazardous to aircraft at Brisbane airport
• Results from the study showed that maintaining grass within a 30–50cm height range reduced hazardous bird utilisation by 85 per cent
• This height range also provides a direct cost saving of 64 per cent, amounting to an annual saving of over $60 000 (2006 costing).
O E
O E
O E
O E
26. Stakeholder perceptions of BAC vision, strategies, relationships and reputation (Completed 2004)
BAC $12 000
BAC J. Carden, O. Ambagtsheer
QUT Dr R. Stokes
In-depth understanding of stakeholder perceptions of BAC’s vision and strategies and the current status of its relationships with critical corporate and government stakeholder groups for further enhancing these relationships.
S
27. Perceptions of the ‘Southern Queensland’ trade brand concept within the travel trade (Completed 2004)
BAC $10 000
BAC C. McPhee, O. Ambagtsheer
QUT Dr R. Stokes
In-depth understanding of the success of the Southern Queensland marketing initiative and the inter-organisational network that influences the success of Southern Queensland marketing, to enhance marketing strategies.
S E
28. The impact of Brisbane Airport on airshed quality (Completed 2004)
BAC $20 329
QUT $9500
BAC K. Rains, H. Clarke
QUT Professor L. Morawska, Dr Z. Ristovski
Development of an innovative method for remotely quantifying emissions from aircraft which has the potential to provide a significant increase in knowledge of pollution and emission sources resulting from air travel. This laid the groundwork for a more comprehensive study which was completed in 2009.
E
29. Development of energy efficiency for the Airport Freight Centre 1 (Completed 2004)
BAC $6000
BAC R. McTaggart
QUT Professor J. Bell, Associate Professor N. Demirbilek, Dr R. Brown
• An energy usage audit of the building, covering historical energy use and identifying major energy consuming appliances and building technologies
• Design of alternative sunshading for the windows on the north-west façade for improved thermal comfort.
E E
E E
[ 35 ]Project Investment Project Team Outcomes
30. Determination of innovative technologies for terrain modelling and bio-mass volumetric determinations (Completed 2004)
BAC $13 400
QUT $6700
BAC M. Willey, P. Coughlan, I. Ramsey
QUT Dr J. Hayes, Professor A. Goonetilleke
• Identification of four technologies able to calculate earthworks quantity for proposed developments at an accuracy better than that obtainable by conventional ground or aerial survey techniques
• AC datasets extensively ‘cleaned’ to provide a coherent set of controls
• A geodetic survey over primary survey control points to globally translate all survey datasets to and from a specific system.
E E
O
O
31. Minimising sand fill requirement for the construction of a runway embankment (Completed 2003)
QUT $5060
BAC $10 120
BAC M. Willey, P. Coughlan
QUT Dr G. Stephenson, Dr A. Nata-Atmadja
Investigation of innovative technologies for soil consolidation to minimise sandfill and pre-loading.
E E
32. Brisbane Airport – Virtual Reality Model BAC(Completed 2002)
BAC $20 000
BAC P. Coughlan, N. Bentley, S. Goodwin
QUT Associate Professor S. Bucolo, Dr J. Hayes
Development of a fly-through virtual reality model of the Airport Precinct which was employed as a public communication tool.
S
‘man must rise above the earth—to the top of the atmosphere and beyond—for only thus will he fully understand the world in which he lives.’
Socrates 469 BC–399 BC
Projects that have contributed directly to Brisbane Airport’s key sustainability measures are highlighted by their operational area: E Economic E Environmental O Operational S Social
[ 36 ]
[ 37 ]
List of current and former staff engaged in collaborative projects
1. Otto Ambagtsheer General Manager Commercial Services (former)
2. Adrian Bannister Airside Standards Manager
3. Kevin Blazely Buildings Manager
4. Dr Brad Bowes Company Secretary
5. Jim Carden Corporate Relations Manager
6. Nick Chapman Communications Project Manager
7. Jeff Charteris Landfill Project Manager
8. Helen Clarke Environment Manager
9. Paul Coughlan Project Director New Parallel Runway
10. Lea Crombie Corporate Relations Manager (former)
11. Gwilym Davies Executive Manager Human Resources
12. Wendy Drury Biodiversity Coordinator
13. Sarah Van Gelder Commercial Property Manager
14. David Goodwin Drafting Manager
15. Stephen Goodwin General Manager Operations
16. Gert-Jan de Graaff General Manager Commercial Services
17. Scott Hill Security Services Manager
18. Ken Hughes Terminal and Assets Manager
19. Toby Innes Terminals Commercial Manager
20. Alistair Kerr Security Operations Manager
21. Dennis Krause Terminals Facilitation Manager
22. Alex MacDowell Engineering Group Manager
23. Cam McPhee Aviation Business Development Manager
24. Rob McTaggart Commercial Manager Property
25. Kieren Moss Projects Group Manager
26. Duncan Murphy Manager Information Services
27. Wayne Olsen Terminals Engineering Manager (former)
28. Karyn Rains New Runway Assistant Project Manager
29. Ian Ramsey Surveyor (former)
30. Phil Randall Utilities Services Manager
31. Koen Rooijmans Managing Director and CEO (former)
32. Terry Rossitto Strategic Transport Planning Manager
33. Tim Rothwell Chief Financial Officer
34. Greg Shaw Terminals Operations Manager
35. Chris Slattery Strategic Planning Engineer
36. Shane Sparkes Property Development Manager
37. Colin Stewart Development Approvals Manager
38. Mark Wallis Property Development Group Manager
39. Chaya Waters HR Development Manager
40. Mark Willey Executive Manager Airport Planning
41. Maaike van der Windt Corporate Sustainability Manager
42. Michael Worker Terminals Development Manager (former)
43. Chris Young Terminals Coordination Manager
Brisbane Airport Corporation
Reach for the Skies Ten Years of Innovation and Leadership
[ 38 ]
Queensland University of Technology
FACuLTY OF BuILT ENVIRONMENT AND ENGINEERING
1. Kelly Alcorn Researcher
2. Professor Douglas Baker
3. Professor John Bell Assistant Dean, Research
4. Professor Martin Betts Executive Dean
5. Dr Richard Brown Senior Lecturer
6. Associate Professor Sam Bucolo
7. Professor David Buisson Assistant Dean, External Relations
8. Associate Professor Duncan Campbell
9. Dr Anjana Das Research Fellow
10. Associate Professor Nur Demibilek
11. Simon Denman Research Fellow
12. Professor Robin Drogemuller
13. Professor Luis Ferreira
14. Dr Clinton Fookes Senior Research Fellow
15. Professor Ashantha Goonetilleke
16. Dr Lisa Guan Lecturer
17. Dr John Hayes Senior Lecturer
18. Professor John Hockings Head of School (former)
19. David Hood Adjunct Professor
20. Phil Kimmet Researcher
21. Philip Kirk Researcher
22. Dr Ben Kraal Research Fellow
23. Professor Gerard Ledwich
24. Dr Andreas Nata-Atmadja Senior Lecturer
25. Professor Vesna Popovic
26. Dr Siva Sivapalan Research Fellow
27. Dr Dianne Smith Adjunct Professor
28. Professor Sridha Sridharan
29. Dr Greg Stephenson Research Fellow
30. Nicholas Stevens Researcher
31. Professor Rodney Walker
32. Professor Prasad Yarlagadda
FACuLTY OF BuSINESS
33. Dr Paul Barnes Senior Lecturer
34. Professor Lisa Bradley
35. Professor Kerry Brown
36. Dr Michael Charles Research Fellow
37. Tim Donnet Researcher
38. Professor Evan Douglas
39. Associate Professor Lyndall Drennan
40. Associate Professor Michael Drew
41. Dr Chrys Gunasekera Senior Lecturer
42. Dr Robyn Keast Senior Lecturer
43. Professor Peter Little Executive Dean
44. Dr Malik Mirza Senior Lecturer
45. Professor Neale Ryan
46. Natalie Sinclair Researcher
47. Associate Professor Jenny Stewart
48. Dr Robyn Stokes Lecturer
49. Dominika Zerbe Researcher
FACuLTY OF CREATIVE INDuSTRIES
50. Dr Marcus Foth Senior Research Fellow
51. Professor Greg Hearn Coordinator, Research Intensive Staff
FACuLTY OF EDuCATION
52. Professor Hitendra Pillay
FACuLTY OF HEALTH
53. Professor Jeremy Davey
54. Dr Patricia Obst Research Fellow
55. Dr Renata Meuter Senior Lecturer
56. Robert Williams Researcher
FACuLTY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
57. Associate Professor Godwin Ayoko Acting Head of School
58. Associate Professor Steven Bottle
59. Associate Professor Andrew Clark
60. Professor Ed Dawson
61. Associate Professor Peter Fredericks
[ 39 ]
62. Jennifer Gibson Researcher
63. Professor Peter Grace
64. Dr Dmitri Gramotnev Lecturer
65. Associate Professor Megan Hargreaves
66. Dr Graham Johnson Research Associate
67. Professor Simon Kaplan Executive Dean
68. Dr Richard Mason Researcher
69. Associate Professor Peter Mather
70. Dr Mandana Mazaheri Research Fellow
71. Samia Mazar Research Fellow
72. Professor Kerrie Mengersen
73. Dr Konstantin Momot Lecturer
74. Professor Lidia Morawska
75. Professor Binh Pham
76. Dr Zoran Ristovski Senior Lecturer
77. Professor Paul Roe
78. Professor Michael Rosemann
79. Belinda Thomson Researcher
80. Dr Greg Timbrell Senior Lecturer
81. Sarah de Visser Researcher
82. Dr Ian Williamson Senior Lecturer
83. Dr John Wilson Senior Lecturer
OTHER
84. Bernie Murchison Manager, Engagement and Partnerships
85. Professor Arun Sharma Deputy Vice-Chancellor (Research and Commercialisation)
Reach for the Skies Ten Years of Innovation and Leadership
QUT is committed to sustainability. The paper used in this publication has these credentials.
Reach for the Skies 10 Years of Innovation and Leadership
Text Coordination Jim Carden (BAC), Stuart Charlton (QUT), Ashantha Goonetilleke (QUT)
Design and ProductionQUT Publications – Amelia Berkovits, Ann Travers © QUT 2009 15931
Brisbane Airport Corporation Pty LtdPO Box 61 Hamilton Central Qld 4007 Australia
Queensland University of TechnologyGPO Box 2434 Brisbane Qld 4001 Australia
ISBN 978 1 74107 285 3
CRICOS No. 00213J
i confess that in 1901, i said to my brother orville that man would not fly for fifty years ... ever since, i have distrusted myself and avoided all predictions.
Wilbur Wright, in a speech to the Aero Club of France,
5 November 1908.
REACH FOR THE SKIES10 Years of Innovation and Leadership
T h e C o l l a b o r a t i o n b e t w e e n B r i s b a n e A i r p o r t C o r p o r a t i o n a n d Q u e e n s l a n d U n i v e r s i t y o f T e c h n o l o g y