rdf09 arb presentation dbotha 4 - itu€¦ · sound 6 750 57 477 tv tv band iii bands iv/v mifr 20...
TRANSCRIPT
1
Status of the transition from analogue to digital within the
relevant ITU regulator procedures and Regional Agreements
ITU-D Regional Development Forum for the Arab Region: “Access to spectrum, including broadcasting
services – trends and technologies”
(Tunis, 1-3 June 2009)
David BothaBR/TSD/BCD
BR/TSD
Transition from analogue to digital BS
Overview
•LF/MF
•HFBC
•Band II
•Bands III, IV/V
2
BR/TSD
Transition from analogue to digital BS
LF/MF
BR/TSD
Transition from analogue to digital BS
GE75 Plan
Regions 1 and 3
3
BR/TSD
Transition from analogue to digital BS
Introduction of Digital transmission
� Rule of Procedure (RRB)
�Transmission systems DRM A2 and B2
�Radiation reduced by at least 7 dB in all directions w.r.t analogue assignment
�Temporary measure until the decision from a competent conference
BR/TSD
Transition from analogue to digital BS
Digital systems
� Most common system DRM standard
� COFDM scheme, 4.5 kHz, 5 kHz, 9kHz, 10 kHz, 18 kHz and 20 kHz bandwidths
� ITU-R Rec. BS.1514 - system description
� ITU-R Rec. BS.1615 – Planning parameters
� ETSI ES 201 980
� MPEG 4 HE AAC v2
� SFN operation possible
4
BR/TSD
Transition from analogue to digital BS
Current usage
12 92611 575
DigitalAnaloguePlan
MIFR
BR/TSD
Transition from analogue to digital BS
Implementation aspects
� Difficulty to submit digital assignments – planning criteria not available for digital
� Notify digital systems as analogue systems - MIFR
� Problematic to introduce new digital assignments in some congested areas
� Main introduction method is conversion from analogue to digital
5
BR/TSD
Transition from analogue to digital BS
HFBC (Art. 12)
BR/TSD
Transition from analogue to digital BS
Introduction of digital HFBC
� 12.7 § 6 ..Other modulation techniques recommended by ITU-R shall be permitted in place of double-sideband or single-sideband emissions, provided that the level of interference caused to existing emissions is not increased.
� Res. 517 (Rev.WRC-03)
� Introduction of digital modulation schemes 5 900 –26 100 kHz
�Entry into force July 2003
6
BR/TSD
Transition from analogue to digital BS
Introduction of digital HFBC
� Res. 543 (WRC-03)�Provisional RF protection ratio values -
analogue and digitally modulated emissions in HFBC
�Entry into force 5 July 2003
BR/TSD
Transition from analogue to digital BS
Current usage
� First digital requirements received in 2003
� SFN operation is a technical challenge
� Number of requirements make introduction of new digital requirements difficult
6 4085 230Total requirements
102100Digital requirements
A09A08
7
BR/TSD
Transition from analogue to digital BS
Band II
BR/TSD
Transition from analogue to digital BS
Region 1 & Part of Region 3
GE84 Planning Area
8
BR/TSD
Transition from analogue to digital BS
Introduction of digital transmissions
� Chapter 3 to Annex 2:
Section 3.1:
�Use of systems with different characteristics (e.g. digital modulation)
� Does not cause greater interference
� Nor require higher protection
� than reference system in the Plan
BR/TSD
Transition from analogue to digital BS
Current usage
� As on May 2009:
� Bands congested in many parts of Planning Area
18 014
Notified (Art. 5)
066 796
DigitalPlan
9
BR/TSD
Transition from analogue to digital BS
Implementation aspects
� Problematic to introduce new digital assignments in congested bands
� Consider different introduction strategies:
�Band segmentation
�Digital switch-over
�Conversion from analogue to digital
�Relaxed planning parameters (unofficial)
BR/TSD
Transition from analogue to digital BS
Possible candidate digital systems*(1)
� DRM+ :
� DRM extension to 120 MHz (Bands I and II)
� Uses MPEG4 HE AAC+ - maximum data rate 180 kbit/s
� COFDM signal with guard interval – SFN possible
� Fits into GE84 channel rasters
� Bandwidth < 100 kHz
� HD-Radio :
� Uses original FM signal with COFDM blocks added to edges
� Requires 400 kHz – incompatible with GE84 rasters
� Allows analogue and digital simulcast or only digital
*Source PT FM45
10
BR/TSD
Transition from analogue to digital BS
Possible candidate digital systems*(2)
� FMeXtra :
� Incorporates digital signal into FM multiplex signal
� Base band signal:- FM stereo, RDS and digital multi-carrier parts - modulated onto RF FM carrier
� Maximum data rate of 50 kbit/s
� Fits into GE84 rasters
� SFN operation is not possible
� Trial systems operational in several countries in Region 1
*Source PT FM45
BR/TSD
Transition from analogue to digital BS
Bands III, IV/V
11
BR/TSD
Transition from analogue to digital BS
Transition period (1)
� The Transition period started on 17 June 2006 at 0001 hours UTC:
�assignments in the analogue Plan (as specified in § 3.1.2 of Article 3) shall be protected
� The Transition period shall end :
�on 17 June 2015 at 0001 hours UTC (for UHF bands in all countries; for VHF in all countries except those that opted for 17 June 2020)
�on 17 June 2020 at 0001 hours UTC for the some countries (listed in GE06 Agreement)
BR/TSD
Transition from analogue to digital BS
Transition period (2)
� Art 12 of GE06 Agreement
� After the end of the transition period the BR will:
�Cancel analogue TV entries in the Plan
�Cancel provisions in § 4.1 of Art 4 to modify the analogue TV Plan
�Cancel remarks of digital broadcasting entries with respect to analogue TV
12
BR/TSD
Transition from analogue to digital BS
Transition period (3)
� BR will review assignments in MIFR that correspond to analogue TV
� Invite administrations to cancel these entries
� If required analogue TV can continue to operate:
� Exist a corresponding assignment in Plan
� Already brought in use prior to end date of transition
� Shall not cause unacceptable interference to, nor
� Claim protection from assignments operating within provisions of the Agreement
BR/TSD
Transition from analogue to digital BS
Current usage
� As on May 2009:
Bands IV/VBand III
GE06D
9058
Sound
57 4776 750
TVTV
Bands IV/VBand III
MIFR
20
Sound
6110
TVTV
Digital Broadcasting
13
BR/TSD
Transition from analogue to digital BS
Current usage
� As on May 2009:
Bands IV/VBand III
GE06A
76 66118 530
Bands IV/VBand III
MIFR
50 27713 019
Analogue Television
BR/TSD
Transition from analogue to digital BS
Codecs and standards
•Application of MPEG-4/AVC/H.264 (May 2003 / March 2005)
•Improvement in compression (expected double efficiency of MPEG-2)
•Mostly used for commercial broadcasting
•Public broadcasting remains MPEG-2
•Administrations only starting with digital broadcas ting –use MPEG-4/AVC/H.264 for all services
Television broadcasting
14
BR/TSD
Transition from analogue to digital BS
•DVB-T2 standard ratified on 30 June 2008
•30% – 45% increased data capacity without more powerful transmitters
•Several administrations already plan for HDTV deliv ery using DVB-T2
•May be accommodated in GE06 (prov. 5.1.3):•Ensure same level of protection as Plan entry•Maintain coverage area•Select suitable system variant for reception mode
Codecs and standards
Television broadcasting
BR/TSD
Transition from analogue to digital BS
•Introduction of HDTV:
•Operational terrestrial broadcasts in 2006
•Required 10 – 20 Mbit/s ����
•1 – 2 programmes per multiplex for fixed reception•1 programme per multiplex for portable reception
•Used 1080i/25 at constant bit rate
•In 2008 broadcasts using 720p/50 at 13 Mbit/s
•1080p/50 recommended for future use
Codecs and standards
Television broadcasting
15
BR/TSD
Transition from analogue to digital BS
•Introduction of HDTV (continued):
•Combination of DVB-T2 and MPEG-4/AVC/H.264 could result in 100% - 160% increase in data rate
•Resulting in :•3 – 4 programmes per multiplex for fixed reception•2 programmes per multiplex for portable reception
•T-DMB and DVB-H for mobile and portable reception•Some trial and operational networks
Codecs and standards
Television broadcasting
BR/TSD
Transition from analogue to digital BS
Introduction of T-DAB+:
•Uses AAC+/MP4/HE-AAC v2;
•Up to 3 times as many programmes per multiplex as T-DAB MPEG Audio Layer II;
•40 kbit/s with HE-AAC v2 ≈ 128 kbit/s with MPEG Audio Layer II;
•Several networks operational;
•Receivers readily available (non-AAC capable receiv ers cannot decode T-DAB+).
Codecs and standards
Sound Broadcasting
16
BR/TSD
Transition from analogue to digital BS
Regulatory Implementation Aspects
� Different transition schedules may hamper introduction of digital broadcasting
� Plan entries may not be suitable for immediate implementation in all cases (Plan modification procedure required)
� Plan remarks may restrict certain implementations
� Implementations under 5.1.3 imposes restrictions
� WRC-07 allocation to MS in 790-862 MHz (JTG 5-6) – impact on Plan entries
BR/TSD
Transition from analogue to digital BS
Practical Implementation Aspects
� Communicate reception antenna changes for fixed television reception –call centres, websites
� Choice of coding technique – launch date of digital broadcasting
� Communicate general information and dates of analogue TV switch-off
� Choice on HDTV and number of programmes