MICRO PLAN ANALYSIS

- Janakpur village, Bolangir

About the village 20 Kms away from the District Headquarters Located in the Bidighat GP Abundant in Forest resources – Depletion of it is a major

problem

StatisticsSex ratio of 1009.4884 no. of households162 between age groups 19-49, followed by 50+ (71)

Other Keywords – Malaria, blind belief, Monsoon dependent agriculture

1.Infrastructure and Development

Plan

Infrastructure and development aspects - RoadsFACILITIES PRESENT

All weather pucca road connects village with metalled road which is at a distance of 1 km.

Bus facility available throughout the year with stoppage in near by village.

Railway station at a distance of 22 kms and 6 trains stop at the point.

PROBLEMS

Lack of metaled road in the village.

Villager has to walk long distance in order to avail bus facility as bus stoppage is in another village.

SOLUTIONS

Upgradation of existing all weather pucca road into metalled road.

Need of a bus stop near the village, so that villagers could easily avail this facility.

Infrastructure and development aspects – Power and CommunicationFACILITIES PRESENT

Village has 7 legal power connection and electricity is available for average 10 hours daily.

Private biogas plant available in the village.

Post office which is frequently used by villagers is located at distance of 2 kms only.

PROBLEMS

5 illegal power connections present in the village.

No power connection to agriculture.

Not even a single telephone connection in the village.

SOLUTIONS

Illegal power connections should be removed

Electrification of wells should be done, to upgrade irrigation facility, as 43 households are primarily involved in agriculture.

Telephone connection should be installed in the village

Infrastructure and development aspects – Housing FACILITIES PRESENT

94.05% households have used own land for construction of their houses

Rest constructed their houses on others’ land.

Percentage distribution of Kuccha, Pucca and Mud & Brick houses:

Kuccha houses- 45.24% Mud & Brick houses- 44.05%Pucca houses- 10.71%

ALTERNATIVE

Schemes like Indira Awas Yojana should be

implemented effectively as 89.29% households

does not have pucca houses.

2.Land and Agriculture

Development Plan

Land development

050

100150200250300350400

107.15 121

4.8 20.5582.6

35.1125

326.31386.31

17.5

STs - Lowest Per Capita Land Holding14 Households Are Agri-labourersPaddy is the major crop

CATEGORY HOUSEHOLD AREA(IN ACRES)

SC 1 2

ST 22 33.2

OBC 57 139.5

GC 4 75

Land Development – Problem Areas Small patches of land scattered

are not economical to cultivate. Old techniques of cultivation Lack of scientific knowledge Soil Erosion leading to infertile

land Sole dependency on rainfall

Land Development – Potential Solutions Use of advanced science

technology Barren land to be used for

plantation Use of more cash crops like Cereals, Oilseeds, Cotton,

Sugarcane Irrigation facilities -

Bhungroo

Agriculture development Village has >50% cultivation land

but almost whole area remain fallow

No irrigation facility hence confined to grow only few crops that is in kharif season

Less cultivable area for cash crops

Farmer still depends on old farming techniques

Bring more land under cultivation

Better use of fallow lands

Tree plantation  and Fruits plantation 

Introduce new farming techniques to improve agriculture

Regular check the soil erosion and Water supply during dry season

Contribution of private agencies in agriculture

Problems Project Planning and Proposal

3.Watershed Development

Watershed & Irrigation Area- Sloppy, good for developing water harvesting structure

More than 376 WDP are operational

Area/patch wise treatment has been of prime importance that ensures vegetation coverage

Gully plugging, check dams, contour bunds, percolation tanks, farm ponds etc. along with Horticulture cropping, Forestry coverage as part of catchment area treatment ensures durability of the structures.

SHGs help- Watersheds owned by communities. Helped in mobilizing people.

Watershed & Irrigation✘ Solutions

• Formation of ‘Pani Panchayats’• Rejuvenation of existing three ponds• Construction of small check dams• Digging new wells under million well scheme and

‘Swa-Jaldhara’ Scheme.

✘ Benefits• Result in increase in gross area sown-more land can

be brought under cultivation• Increase in total production and increase in fertility of

soil• Watershed structures can be used for Pisciculture.

Provide employment to few people. Availability of cheap fish allow people to add to their food basket.

5.Development of

Livestock

Livestock Development The forest development committee, village development committee and the

panchayat would come together to mobilize community to employ their labor and resources for deciding on the effective utilization of the pasture land

As an alternative use, the pasture land can be leased for growing fodder.

To instill the dairy farming option in the village through a milk cooperative

Easily assessable and affordable veterinary services to be provided near the village

Cooperative would handle the dairy and also it’s members (medical assistance)

Forward Linkages : Inclusion of OMFED

Livestock Development – An AnalysisProblem Area Probable Solutions

Negligence towards livestock rearing Creating awareness about the benefits which can be availed as an alternative source of income.

Unutilized Pasture land Can be utilized to be stables or shelters for the livestock

Sale of livestock at low prices A local middleman could be appointed by the Panchayat to facilitate the marketing process so that the villagers get a better bargain

Lack in Public services related to animal health Building a new veterinary clinic nearer to the village, Also vets should be easily available and properly trained

No access to the milk market Creation of a cooperative whose majority of the stake would be with the villagers to ensure transparency.

Why Livestock Development Plan could fail?✘ All the points in the plan are inter-related, the failure of one would lead to

the subsequent failure of the other

✘ Dairy farming will need some investment, villagers might not be willing to pay for it

✘ Villagers lack marketing skills, no mention of a representative who would facilitate it

✘ With respect to the forward linkages, including OMFED would involve some investment which the villages may not unwilling to pay

✘ No mention of villages being a part of the milk cooperative, which may question the transparency of the system

6.Industry and Markets

Industry – an insight Village rich in forest resources Small scale industries are not flourished Both off-farm and non-farm sectors are not developed Poor capital base, Lack of entrepreneurship, Under

developed off-farm and non-farm sectors ,Lack of technical skills are the major problems prevailing in the market

Industry – an Analysis Problem Area Probable Solutions

Poor capital base Government could set up an Rural Regional Bank to benefit the village and the neighboring areas as well

Lack of entrepreneurship Setting up of Entrepreneurship workshops. Also, creating a body which would take care of the business related aspect

Under developed off-farm and non-farm sectors Searching for alternative livelihood option. Government giving more focus on its development as the village has rich forest resources

Lack of technical skills Workshops for skill development. Ministry of skill development and Entrepreneurship would come into play

Institutions that could improve the situation of Industries in the village

National Skill Development Agency (NSDA) - co-ordinate and harmonize the skill development activities

Indian Institute of Entrepreneurship (IIE) - To promote and develop entrepreneurship

National Institute of Entrepreneurship and Small Business Development (NIESBD) - engaged in Training, Consultancy, Research and Publication, in order to promote entrepreneurship

Various Microfinance Companies and RRBs

7.Plan For Employment

Employment – Current StatusPrimary Category

SC ST OBC General TOTAL

Cultivation 0 5 37 1 43

Wage Earner

1 15 16 0 32

Agri- Labour 0 0 0 0 0

Artisan 0 0 1 1 2

Business 0 1 2 1 4

Service 0 1 1 1 3

TOTAL 1 22 57 4 84

Employment - Problems Lean period for people involved in agriculture is 7

months( Jan-Aug) 79 Households are involved agriculture, as primary or

secondary Unemployment in the lean period . 24 educated unemployed people in the village. Average annual income for BPL households under

Rs.15000. Absence of Varied income sources leads to migration. Employment status is dependent on season.

EMPLOYMENT Objectives Strategies & Benefits 180 days of Employment for people

engaged in agricultural sector.

Promotion of Pisciculture as a livelihood

Provide Vocational training to the educated people.

New Employment Opportunities in diversified field.

Promoting Non- Farm sector activities.

Collaborating with Agri input companies

Agriculture Development Plan & Watershed Development plan will help in facilitating 180 days employment

Horticulture being labour intensive, will lead to a rise in the demand for labours.

Watershed structures can be used for Pisciculture..

Construction of road will enable other businesses to flourish. SHGs can be linked with SGSY.

Reduction in the cost of procurement of raw materials in agri sector.

8.Social Infrastructure

Plan

Social Infrastructure - EducationThe Problems faced

• Ratio of no. of classrooms per standard less than 1

• Only 2 teachers for 5 standards

• Girls engaged in economic activities

• Monitoring & Supervision is below standard

• No access to reading material

• Poor economic status

Solutions

As DESP, a centrally sponsored scheme which was launched in the district in 1996-97 with the mission to achieve “Universalisation of Primary Education” has to be linked with in Janakpur. As it focuses on monitoring and planning development initiatives it can lead to:

per enrolment of all school going age children Providing quality education Infrastructure development of the School Establish a symbiotic relationship between the

school and the community

The educated youth of the village could be appointed as Para teachers by Gramsabha and Gram Panchayat.

Social Infrastructure – Health and SanitationPeople are suffering from some common diseases due to:

• The use of unhygienic water• No P.H.C, private doctor nearby.

Travel 12kms• No general medical shop. Nearest

6kms. Ayurvedic shop- 3kms

Objectives:• To provide the essential health care

services to villagers in proper time within reach

• To capacitate and train the village quack o handle more problems

Solutions:

• Village quack needs to be given proper training

• Open well need to be covered and treated with chemicals

• The Gram Sabha should be given the authority to keep a check on the visits of doctors at regular interval

• Mobile clinics can be set up.• Awareness drives set up• Monthly Health camps

Social Infrastructure – Safe Drinking WaterUnavailability of safe drinking water leads to most of the health problem. Therefore water treatment becomes a necessity. The objectives are: To ensure accessibility of safe and

adequate drinking water to the community during all seasons.

To generate community awareness about the importance of water conservation and ways to achieve that.

To increase the no. of water harvesting structures which would result in increase water table.

Solutions:• Water treatment in open wells• Covering open wells• Developing water harvesting structures• Linking with government schemes:

Installation of hand pumps in the village

9.Prioritization of Schedules

Physical Infrastructure Development

Concentrating on creation of metalled road by linking with PMGSYTrickle down effect on market, social infrastructure, livelihoods etc

Emergence of new verticals in livelihoods Jobs like drivers, bus conductors, labour can flourish

Power and communicationExtending electric lines to fields through WESCO, Village and GovernmentCommunication necessary to rapid up plans related to other development and contact with city

Land Development Plan

Panchayat’s role of utmost importanceCultivable wasteland into cultivation, levelling of land etc

Barren landIncreased interaction with forest committee to legalise barren land to sell it for commercial purposes

Permanent PastureLargest area (82.70 hectares) – important for development and forest plan

Agriculture, Watershed and Development Plans

Emphasis on irrigationGram panchayat’s co-operation with numerous schemes like EAS, IWDP, DPAP, ACA, WORLP and HaryaliSpread more awareness regarding “Jalchhaya Diwas”

Increased concentration on pulsesOnly perennial crop, produce of 2 quintals in 5 acres compared to 10-12 quintals in 200 acres of paddy

Cash cropsSugarcane, cotton, oilseeds – 10 quintals in 20 acres.

Building of marketing institutionsAlliance with Orissa State co-operative Act, 2001.

Plan for Development of Social Infrastructure Panchayat’s role in implementing DPEP at grassroot levelInvolvement of three in formal and non formal education center for all classes, active involvement

HousingGrievance redressal of people who were supposed to have pucca houses under IAS, IAS (up-gradation)

HealthMedicine shops, PHC

Following up with Employment and Market PlansLinking with SGSY and setting up of markets beneficial for the village for e.g.. setting up of marketing institutions

Individual Beneficiary Plan

Two educated unemployed to co-ordinate with the Panchayat for accomplishing targets

Involvement of widows and destitute women to form SHGs and produce items like handicraft

Settlement Plan

Growth centres are develop to improve socio economic condition.The main factors influencing the rural settlements are : Population Nature of the topography Local weather conditions Quality of the soil Nature of surface and sub-surface

water Pattern of landholding Social organization

For settlement plan following exercises have to be done Grouping of function in different

hierarchical level Identification of different order

growth centre

Settlement Plan

Need for reconstruction of hierarchical settlement planSome categories more important than others e.g. high school (as primary school already exists)

Data inefficient No member actually exists

thanks!

Bipasha GhoshNandini Singh

Ratikanta NayakSampad Acharya

Satish Chandra TiyuShashank Guwalani

Shreyan LahaSwati Mohanty

Any questions?