Presented by:-S. Salim Malik 149Y1A03A9

KSRM COLLEGE OF ENGINEERINGKADAPA

Presentation on RAILWAY WAGON BRAKING SYSTEM

Abstract:- In Railway wagon as well as in passenger cars the braking system plays a very important role to stop the train, to maintain the speed of the train within specific limit. Brakes are the devices on the trains to bring it to standstill. A moving train contains energy, known as kinetic energy, which needs to be removed from the train in order to cause it to stop. The simplest way of doing this is to convert the kinetic energy into heat energy by applying brakes. The wheels slow down and eventually the train stops. This paper presents a discussion about the different braking systems used in railway vehicles. This paper also considers electrodynamics and electromagnetic braking of trains, which is of particular importance in high-speed trains.

Introduction:- The brakes are used on the coaches of railway

trains to enable deceleration, control acceleration (downhill) or to keep them standing when parked.

While the basic principle is similar from road

vehicle, the usage and operational features are more complex because of the need to control multiple linked carriages and to be effective on vehicles left without a prime mover.

In the control of any braking system the important factors that govern braking action in any vehicle are pressure, surface area in contact, amount of heat generation and braking material used

Classification:- According to the method of their activation, there are classified as four types

1) Pneumatic Brakea) Vacuum Brakeb) Compressed Air Brake

2) Electrodynamic Brake3) Mechanical Brake4) Electromagnetic Brake

1) Pneumatic Brake: a) Vacuum Brake:-

BRAKE RELEASED:

BRAKE APPLIED:

i. Automatic Compressed Air Brake System

ii. Straight Compressed Air Brake System Graduated Release Compressed Air Brake System:

iii. Twin Pipe Graduated Release Compressed Air Brake System

iv. Single Pipe Graduated Release Compressed Air Brake System

b) Compressed Air Brake System:-

i. Automatic Compressed Air Brake System:-

Fig:- Principle of automatic compressed air brake system

ii. Straight Compressed Air Brake System:-

Fig:- Principle of Straight Compressed Air Brake System

iii. Twin Pipe Graduated Release Compressed Air Brake System:-

Fig:- Principle of Twin pipe graduated release air brake system

iv. Single Pipe Graduated Release Compressed Air Brake System:-

Fig:- Principle of Single Pipe Graduated Release Compressed Air Brake System

2) Electrodynamic Brake System:-

Transmission of braking force from traction motors to wheels

Principle of dynamic braking

3) Mechanical Brake:-

Fig:- Principle of wheel-mounted disc brakes

Fig:- Carbon/Carbon-composite multi-disc system

Fig:-Principle of wheel tread brakes Fig:-Principle of axle-mounted disc brakes

4) Electromagnetic Brake System:-

Fig:- Principle of electromagnetic brake

Advantages:-o High air pressure means only small brake cylinders are

required which can easily he fitted into small spaces on wagon in air braking system.

o On steam engines vacuum can be created by a very small ejector. No pressure vessels required for reservoirs.

o In mechanical braking simple in construction, increased mechanical advantage, equal braking action on all wheels.

o Electromagnetic brakes can develop a negative power which represents nearly twice the maximum power output of a typical engine.

o In electrodynamic braking system produces electricity. No external power is required.

Conclusion:- Vacuum brakes have extremely limited applications because of longer longer to function and unsuitable for high speed trains.

Air brakes are efficient as compared to vacuum brakes; however they require considerable stopping distance therefore cannot be used for emergency braking.

Mechanical brakes should be kept in reserve in parallel with another braking technique and should be used to completely stop the engine at low speed.

Electrodynamic brake systems occasionally malfunction because they have complex circuits. Therefore they cannot be used as emergency brakes.

Electromagnetic braking in high-speed train is efficient method of braking.

Thank You

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