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1. Notebook Entry: Spread of Ideas

2. How do ideas travel?

3. Hand in Homework.

By the end of class our objectives are to: -list important Enlightenment philosophers and concepts -describe women’s contributions to the Enlightenment -explain the role of art in spreading ideas

EQ: How did the Enlightenment theories attack the political, economic, and social foundations of the Old Regime?

Quiz Thursday – Essay Friday

You should already know

during the mid-1700s, many French writers and artists criticized their society. They wanted to use reason to solve society’s problems. Their writings began a movement that historians call the Enlightenment.Enlightened thinkers lived all over Europe.

How did these ideas and questions travel?

What was a Salon? The Paris Salons• Held in the mansions of wealthy women • Social gatherings to discuss ideas and enjoy

performances– Intellectuals: (philosophers, writers, artists,

scientists)

Marie-Thérèse Geoffrinmost famous hostess

Salon de Madame Geoffrin

Voltaire

Rousseau Diderot

Montesquieu

Encyclopedia• Denis Diderot• Large set of books

• Leading scholars contributed articles and essays

• Collected enlightened thinking

• Banned – Undermined authority– Encouraged revolt

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From your textbook (p. 559)The Enlightenment ideals of order and reason were

reflected in the arts – music, literature, painting, and architecture. European art of the 1600s and early 1700s had been dominated by the style called baroque – a grand, ornate style. Monarchs had built elaborate palaces such as Versailles. Musicians like the German composer Johann Sebastian Bach and the English composer George Frederick Handel had written dramatic organ and choral music. Artists had created paintings rich in color, detail, and ornate imagery.

Under the influence of the Enlightenment, styles began to change. The arts began to reflect the new emphasis on order and balance. Artists and architects worked in a simple and elegant style that borrowed ideas and themes from classical Greece and Rome. The style of the late 1700s is therefore called neoclassical (“new classical”). In music, the style of the period is called classical.

Classical Music• Franz Joseph Haydn

– Father of the Symphony

• Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart• Ludwig van Beethoven

Novels• Many about people’s

foolish actions• Gulliver’s Travels

Jonathan Swift– Made people laugh at

people’s actions• Robinson Crusoe

Daniel Defoe – Story of a shipwrecked

man who continues his life without civilization

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Sketch or Describe

In your notebook:

An enlightened thinker giving advice to a modern politician.

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No great...eloquence is needed to prove that Christians should tolerate one another. I go even further and declare that we must look upon all men as our brothers. ...Are we not all the children of one father and creatures of the same God?...

This little globe, nothing more than a point, rolls in space like so many other globes; we are lost in this immensity. Man, some five feet tall, is surely a v ery small part of the universe. One of these impercept ible [virtually invisible] beings says to some of his neighbors in Arabia or Africa: "Listen to me, for t he God of all these worlds has enlightened me: there a re nine hundred million little ants like us on earth, but only my anthill is beloved by God; he will hold all others in horror through all eternity; only mine wi ll be blessed, the others will be eternally wretched."

Quiz Thursday – Essay Friday