TSi Power 2010

RamconPWM AVR BY TSI POWER USA

TSi Power 2010

VRp (precision PWM voltage regulator)

VRp-2000/3000/5000/7500/10000/15000(2~7.5 kwatt, single-phase 120 vac models &

2~15 kwatt, single-phase 230 vac models, both indoor & outdoor versions are available)

VRp-6000/9000/15000/22500/30000/45000(6~22.5 kwatt, three-phase 120/208 vac models &

6~45 kwatt, three-phase 230/400 vac models,both indoor or outdoor versions are available)

TSi Power Corporation Antigo, Wisconsin, USA

www.tsipower.com

TSi Power 2010

VRp vs. Other AVRsServo-motor based or tap-switching AVRs are not suitable for sensitive load equipment such as power supplies, rectifiers using solid-state devices and air-conditioners, because of their slow response time and inherent performance limitations.

VRp (precision PWM voltage regulators) can be used to protect any electronic equipment, particularly in countries with inadequate infrastructures for the generation and distribution of AC power.

VRp is superior thanks to its fast 20 ms response time and cycle-by-cycle voltage regulation without interrupting the load current.

TSi Power 2010

240 V230 V225 V

230 V

300 V

180 V

Upper limit for sensitive electronic equipment

Lower limit for sensitiveelectronic equipment

Maximum AC input

Minimum AC Input(Note: Derate output capacity by 20% for voltage of 150~179V)

Operating AC Input Voltage Range and Output Regulation of VRp(for 230 vac output models)

315 V

150 V

188 V

252 V

TSi Power 2010

116 V115 V112 V

115 V

145 V

90 V

Upper limit for sensitive electronic equipment

Lower limit for sensitiveelectronic equipment

Maximum AC input

Minimum AC Input(Note: Derate output capacity by 20% for voltage of 75~90V)

Operating AC Input Voltage Range and Output Regulation of VRp(for 115 vac output models)

157 V

75 V

95 V

125 V

TSi Power 2010

AVR Performance Comparison ChartCharactersitics PWM based AVR

(VRp)Servo-motor based AVR

Relay/SCR based tap-changer AVR

Regulation interrupts power path No No SomeStability Excellent Good GoodCorrection speed Very fast Very slow SlowCorrection time 20 mS 500~5000 mS 200~1000 mSAuto fast bypass Yes Manual Manual

Voltage overshoot during mains cycling None Yes YesOperating Input Voltage Ranger 150~315V (very wide) 160~300V (wide) 160~280V typical (narrow)

Over load capacity Excellent Excellent FairLoad compatibility Excellent Good GoodLimitations on load types None Some Inductive loads

Reliability Excellent Good FairProtection of Load Eqmt. Excellent Poor FairField Maintenance None Required NoneSize per watt Very Compact Compact CompactTechnology PWM switched IGBTs

impose correction voltage on buck-boost

primary

Servo turns variable transformer to impose regulation voltage on buck-boost primary

A multiplicity of relays impose regulation voltage on multiple buck-

boost primaries

Comments No moving parts and limited number of interconnections. Simple to service in the

field.

Requires frequent replacement of brushes. Output contactor too slow to guarantee load is not exposed to high mains voltage.

Complex electronics with many interconnections and circuit boards impact performance and reliability

negatively.

TSi Power 2010

Cell Site Need for AVR

Developing countries have insufficient infrastructures for the generation and distribution of electricity.

Too many electricity users competing for limited available power and distribution capacity, cause significant voltage fluctuations and power interruptions.

The mains voltage vary between 160 to 300V in many countries. Standard rectifier/chargers and air-conditioners are not designed to

withstand such a wide input voltage window. The likely result is lower reliability and/or equipment failure possibly

leading to unscheduled downtime; and increased costs for maintenance and repair.

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Cell Site Equipment

Rectifier chargers, Air-conditioning equipment, UPS in some instances, Equipment with AC input switchmode power supplies, Smoke detectors and miscellaneous equipment

TSi Power 2010

Safe Area of Operation220 V240 V

264 V

184 V

AC Mains Input Window for Rectifiers, UPS and SMPS

245 V

140 V

330 V

Border line Operation

Shut down and/or damage

Derating and increased heat

Severe derating, shut down and/or damage

TSi Power 2010

VRp vs. Other AVRs Servo-motor based or tap-switching AVRs are not suitable for sensitive

load equipment such as power supplies, rectitifers using solid-state devices and air-conditioners, because of their slow response time and inherent performance limitations.

VRp (PWM precision voltage regulators) can be used to protect any electronic equipment, particularly in countries with inadequate infrastructures for the generation and distribution of AC power.

VRp is superior thanks to its fast response time, cycle-by-cycle voltage regulation without interrupting the load current, as well as other performance advantages discussed in the following presentation.

TSi Power 2010

Degree of Protection

VRp is designed to provide maximum protection for all types of electronic and electrical devices & systems;

The level of protection is superior due to extremely wide operating input voltage range of 140 to 330 vac.

Other AVRs are too slow to respond and operates over narrow input voltage range of 170~280 vac only (typical).

TSi Power 2010

Reliability VRp has no moving parts; VRp has few PCBs; VRp has few interconnections.

Servo AVRs require frequent brush replacement; tap-switching AVRs are quite complicated with too many parts and interconnections.

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Auto Bypass Prevents unexpected shut down of mission-critical equipment; Output of VRp is between 180 - 265 VAC (even when in bypass).

Other AVRs have manual bypass, which results in unscheduled shutdown.

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Regulation does not interrupt power path

Prevents switching surge voltages; Permits operation with generators; Reduces risk of damage to load.

Tap-switching AVRs interrupt power path.

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20 mS Voltage Correction Time Eliminates voltage step changes; Ideal for all sensitive electronic devices; Reduces risk of damage to load.

Other AVR technologies take 200~ 5000 mS (0.2~5 seconds) before correction is made

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+/-2 % Output Voltage Stability Superior protection for air-conditioners; Ideal for all sensitive electronic devices; Minimized step voltage changes.

Tap-changer AVR’s typically provide only +/- 5% to +/-10% output voltage stability

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Soft Start Reduces inrush current to a minimum when mains cycle

off/on; Ideal shock absorber; Enhances systems reliability; Ideal for air-conditioners, rectifiers and all sensitive

electronic equipment

Other technologies use random start via electro-mechanical contactor or relays

TSi Power 2010

Stability Works well even with inferior or soft (high-impedance)

mains AC source; Predictable performance; Ideal for air-conditioners, rectifiers and all types of

sensitive electronic devices

Other technologies may have trouble with demanding loads with soft mains AC source (high source impedance)

TSi Power 2010

Overload Capacity Upto 500% (for 10 cycles or 200 ms) ; Ideal for starting air-conditioners, motors, rectifiers,

switchmode supplies and others with high inrush currents; VRp does not have to be oversized.

Some AVRs have difficulty with motors, air-conditioners and other loads with high start-up current requirements.

TSi Power 2010

Load Compatibility VRp is compatible with all loads; Eliminates guessing and need for testing of AVR with

load equipment before installation

Tap-switcher AVRs are not compatible with inductive loads such as motors.

Servo-motor based AVRs are not fast enough to protect electronic loads.

TSi Power 2010

Additional Benefits of Outdoor VRp Reduces temperature inside container; Increases air conditioner lifetime; Enhances overall systems reliability; Extra space inside the container can be used

for revenue generating equipment (and increase profitability for operators)