psychoanalytic approaches themes: 1.determinism 2.conflict 3.unconscious 4.psychoanalytic...
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Psychoanalytic Approaches
Themes:
1. determinism
2. conflict
3. unconscious
4. psychoanalytic interpretation
“life is not easy!” - Freud
Freud’s approach
• Case study• Psychoanalysis• Free association• Energy systems
Freud’s assumptions
1. Development is driven by biology
2. Early experiences engender adult personality
3. Early social life is important
4. Pleasure is sexual from the get go
Emphasis on process of personality
• Energy system– Libido– thanatos
• Instincts/drives
• Anxiety
• Defense mechanisms– Denial– Repression
Freud’s Model of the Mind
Topographical model of the mind
1. Conscious
2. Preconscious
3. Unconscious– Primary process
thinking– Secondary process
thinking
Freud’s structure continued
Structural Model of the Mind
• Id• Ego• Superego
Growth and Development of Personality
Five Stages
1. oral
2. Anal
3. Phallic
4. Latent
5. genital
Oral Stage
• Oral stimulation
• Crucial task is weaning
• Oral receptive character
Anal Stage
• Bowel movements—holding and expelling
• Crucial task is toilet training
• Anal character – obsessive, rigid, overly perfectionistic
Phallic Stage
• Genitals – masturbation
• Oedipal complex
• Phallic character– Male– female
• Latent Stage
• Genital Stage
Thought Question
It has been said that psychanalytic theory suffers from a number of cultural biases due to the limitation in kinds of patients seen and the Victorian era from which the concepts were originally derived. Which concepts or parts of the theory would be particular targets for arguments of cultural bias?
Assessment
Projective techniques
• ambiguous stimuli
• Not told purpose
• Subjective
e.g. Rorschach
Behavior Change
1. Free association
2. Dream analysis• Manifest content• Latent content• Symbols
3. Insight