prpi-019 d20_d200 technical overview v300 r4

D20/D200 Technical Overview

PRPI-019 Version 3.00 Revision 4

General

D20/D200 Technical Overview GE Energy

PRPI-019-3.00-4 General ii Full

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The information contained in this document is subject to change without notice. The software described in this document is supplied under license and may be used or copied only in accordance with the terms of such license.

The information contained in this document is the exclusive property of General Electric Company except as otherwise indicated, and shall not be disclosed or reproduced in whole or in part without prior written consent from General Electric Company.

The contents of this manual are the property of General Electric Canada. No part of this work may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, except as permitted in written license agreement with General Electric Canada. The information contained in this document is subject to change without notice.

Any attached hardware schematics and technical descriptions, or software listings that disclose source code, are for information purposes only. Reproduction in whole or in part to create working hardware or software for other than General Electric Canada products is strictly prohibited, except as permitted by written license agreement with General Electric Canada.

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GE and are trademarks and service marks of General Electric Company.

ABB is a registered trademark of ABB Asea Brown Boveri Ltd.; Amtrak is a trademark of National Railroad Passenger Corporation; Allen-Bradley is a registered trademark of Allen-Bradley Company Inc.; Belden is a registered trademark of Belden Wire and Cable Company; Boeing is a trademark of The Boeing Company; CDC is a registered trademark of Control Data Corporation; Cegelec is a registered trademark of Cegelec Societe Anonyme France; ESCA is a registered trademark of ESCA Corporation; Ferranti is a registered trademark of Ferranti International PLC; Fluke is a registered trademark of Fluke Corporation; Freescale is a trademark of Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.; GETAC is a registered trademark of GETAC Corporation; Harris is a registered trademark of Harris Corporation; IEC is a registered trademark of Commission Electrotechnique Internationale; IEEE is a registered trademark of The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc; Modbus is a registered trademark of Gould Inc.; Motorola is a registered trademark of Motorola Inc.; NEMA is a registered trademark of the National Manufacturers Association; PG&E is a registered trademark of Pacific Gas and Electric Company; pSOS is a registered trademark of Wind River Inc.; Sangamo is a registered trademark of Schlumberger Industries, Inc.; SES is a registered trademark of Scientific and Engineering Software, Inc.; Siemens is a registered trademark of Siemens Aktiengesellschaft; Sinaut is a registered trademark of Siemens Aktiengesellschaft; Telegyr is a registered trademark of LGZ Landis; Telenetics is a registered trademark of Telenetics Corporation; UCA is a trademark of Electric Power Research Institute, Inc.; Valmet is a registered trademark of Valmet Oy; and Westinghouse is a registered trademark of Westinghouse Electric Corporation.

Other company or product names mentioned in this document may be trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective companies.

MODIFICATION RECORD

VERSION REV. DATE AUTHOR CHANGE DESCRIPTION

1.00 1 Jan. 13, 2004 J. Doeberry Created.

3.00 1 Jan. 22, 2005 C. Jeffrey Document brought up to date and rewritten.

3.00 2 Dec. 3, 2007 M. Haska Changed kbps to bps in WESDAC 202/V.23 Modem Specifications tables - p.64, 65 [CC#20071129-0261]

Feb. 12, 2009 M. Haska Added note regarding RS-485 transient suppression, clarified capacity of D.20 channels.

3.00 3

Mar. 2, 2009 E. Godberson Added specifications for storage conditions in section 2.1.5 .

3.00 4 Jun. 18, 2009 M. Haska Updated maximum number of processor boards for VME chassis D20 units.

GE Energy D20/D200 Technical Overview

General PRPI-019-3.00-4 Full iii

Contents

About this Document .....................................................................................................................1 Purpose........................................................................................................................................ 1 Who Should Use this Document?............................................................................................... 2 Additional Documentation.......................................................................................................... 2

Product Support.............................................................................................................................3 Search Technical Support ........................................................................................................... 3 Contact Customer Service .......................................................................................................... 3

Whats New.....................................................................................................................................4 D20ME II Main Processor.......................................................................................................... 4 D20EME (Ethernet/Memory Expansion) ................................................................................... 5 New D20/D200 I/O Peripherals.................................................................................................. 5

D20AC, AC Analog Input Peripheral ..................................................................................... 5 D20 High-Voltage Peripherals................................................................................................ 6 D20K4Z Termination Module ................................................................................................ 6

New Power Supplies................................................................................................................... 6 Multiple Language Support ........................................................................................................ 7

1. System Overview........................................................................................................................8 1.1 System Architecture............................................................................................................ 9 1.2 Hardware Design ................................................................................................................ 9 1.3 D20/D200 Product Comparison........................................................................................ 10 1.4 D20 RTU Platform............................................................................................................ 10 1.5 D200 Substation Automation Platform............................................................................. 13

1.5.1 D200 Features .............................................................................................................. 13 1.6 D20/D200 RTU Hardware................................................................................................ 15

1.6.1 Chassis ......................................................................................................................... 15 1.6.2 Main Processor............................................................................................................. 17 1.6.3 Ethernet/Memory Expansion (EME) Kit ..................................................................... 18 1.6.4 Power Supplies............................................................................................................. 19 1.6.5 Modems........................................................................................................................ 20

1.7 I/O Peripherals .................................................................................................................. 20 1.8 Auxiliary Equipment......................................................................................................... 21 1.9 Communications ............................................................................................................... 21 1.10 Firmware ........................................................................................................................... 22 1.11 Configuration and Maintenance Software ........................................................................ 22 1.12 System Documentation ..................................................................................................... 22


PRPI-019-3.00-4 General iv Full

2. Detailed Technical Description...............................................................................................25 2.1 Mechanical Design and Packaging ................................................................................... 25

2.1.1 General ......................................................................................................................... 25 2.1.2 Enclosure...................................................................................................................... 26 2.1.3 Chassis ......................................................................................................................... 26 2.1.4 Peripheral I/O Module Assembly ................................................................................ 28 2.1.5 Environmental.............................................................................................................. 29

2.2 Main Processor.................................................................................................................. 30 2.2.1 Hardware...................................................................................................................... 30 2.2.2 D20/D200 Main Processor Specifications ................................................................... 31 2.2.3 Firmware ...................................................................................................................... 32 2.2.4 Time Synchronization.................................................................................................. 34

2.3 Ethernet/Memory Expansion (EME) Kit .......................................................................... 36 2.4 I/O Peripheral Modules..................................................................................................... 37

2.4.1 Types of I/O Peripherals .............................................................................................. 37 2.4.2 Termination Types ....................................................................................................... 38 2.4.3 Hardware...................................................................................................................... 40 2.4.4 Firmware ...................................................................................................................... 41 2.4.5 I/O Processing.............................................................................................................. 43 2.4.6 D20S Digital Input Peripheral ..................................................................................... 44 2.4.7 D20A Analog Input Peripheral .................................................................................... 48 2.4.8 D20K Control Output Peripheral ................................................................................. 53 2.4.9 Interposing Relay Panel ............................................................................................... 58 2.4.10 D20C Combination I/O Peripheral ............................................................................ 58 2.4.11 D20AC, AC Analog Input Peripheral ........................................................................ 62

2.5 D20/D200 Power Supplies and Chargers ......................................................................... 64 2.5.1 D20 Power Supply Specifications ............................................................................... 65 2.5.2 D20 Battery Chargers .................................................................................................. 66

2.6 D20 Modems..................................................................................................................... 67 2.6.1 WESDAC 202/V.23 Modem Specifications................................................................ 68

2.7 Communications ............................................................................................................... 69 2.8 D.20 Link .......................................................................................................................... 70

2.8.1 Designing a Distributed D20 Network ........................................................................ 71 2.8.2 D.20 Communication Interface.................................................................................... 72 2.8.3 Adapter Modules.......................................................................................................... 73 2.8.4 D.20 Fiber Optic Splitter.............................................................................................. 73 2.8.5 Communication Cables ................................................................................................ 74 2.8.6 Power Requirements .................................................................................................... 75

2.9 Redundancy....................................................................................................................... 75 2.9.1 D20/D200 Redundancy................................................................................................ 76 2.9.2 D.20 Link Redundancy ................................................................................................ 77

2.10 Auxiliary Equipment......................................................................................................... 78 2.10.1 Universal Protocol Converter .................................................................................... 78 2.10.2 Data Display Panel..................................................................................................... 79 2.10.3 Fiber Optic Interfaces................................................................................................. 79


General PRPI-019-3.00-4 Full v

3. Configuration and Maintenance Software ............................................................................80 3.1 Config Pro......................................................................................................................... 80 3.2 LogicLinx.......................................................................................................................... 80 3.3 WESMAINT..................................................................................................................... 80 3.4 PROMAINT...................................................................................................................... 81 3.5 68K Monitor...................................................................................................................... 81

4. Application Software ...............................................................................................................82 4.1 User Programmable Logic ................................................................................................ 82 4.2 Generation, Transmission, and Feeder Bay Automation Applications............................. 82 4.3 Distribution Automation Applications.............................................................................. 82 4.4 Communication Services Applications............................................................................. 83 4.5 Data Logging / Storage Applications................................................................................ 83 4.6 Data Reduction and Summarizing Applications............................................................... 83 4.7 Data Conversion Applications .......................................................................................... 84 4.8 Other DTAs....................................................................................................................... 84

5. Frequently Asked Questions ...................................................................................................85 5.1 What is the performance of the D20 and D200?............................................................... 85 5.2 What is the difference between the D20 and the D200?................................................... 85 5.3 Will VME cards work with my non-VME systems? ........................................................ 85 5.4 What is the I/O capacity of a D20 system?....................................................................... 86 5.5 What is the I/O capacity of a D200 system?..................................................................... 86 5.6 What are the added features of the ME II Main Processor over the ME Main Processor? .. ....................................................................................................................................... 86

A. Specifications and Supported Standards ..............................................................................87

B. Supported Host Protocols.......................................................................................................90

C. Supported IED Protocols .......................................................................................................91

D. Power Consumption D20 Modules .....................................................................................93

E. D20/D200 Main Processor Compatibility .............................................................................94

F. D.20 Link Installation .............................................................................................................95


PRPI-019-3.00-4 General vi Full

Figures

Figure 1 D20ME II Main Processor.............................................................................................. 4

Figure 2 D20EME (Ethernet/Memory Expansion)....................................................................... 5

Figure 3 GE Integrated Substation Control System...................................................................... 8

Figure 4 D20 System Architecture ............................................................................................. 11

Figure 5 Example D20 Rack Layout .......................................................................................... 12

Figure 6 D200 Substation Automation Platform ........................................................................ 13

Figure 7 D200 System Architecture ........................................................................................... 14

Figure 8 Example D200 Rack Layout ........................................................................................ 15

Figure 9 D20 Perspective Drawing............................................................................................. 16

Figure 10 D200 Perspective Drawing......................................................................................... 17

Figure 11 D20ME II Main Processor.......................................................................................... 18

Figure 12 D20EME (Ethernet/Memory Expansion)................................................................... 19

Figure 13 D20/D200 Chassis Mounted Power Supplies............................................................. 19

Figure 14 D20A I/O Peripheral................................................................................................... 20

Figure 15 D20 Chassis (non-VME version) ............................................................................... 27

Figure 16 D20 Chassis (VME version)....................................................................................... 27

Figure 17 D200 Chassis .............................................................................................................. 28

Figure 18 D20 Peripheral I/O Module ........................................................................................ 29

Figure 19 D20ME Block Diagram.............................................................................................. 30

Figure 20 D20/D200 Time Synchronization............................................................................... 35

Figure 21 Demodulated IRIG B Signal ...................................................................................... 35

Figure 22 D20EME (Ethernet/Memory Expansion)................................................................... 36

Figure 23 D20 I/O Peripheral - Compression Termination ........................................................ 38

Figure 24 D20 I/O Peripheral DB25 Termination ................................................................... 38

Figure 25 D20 I/O Peripheral Disconnect Termination........................................................... 39

Figure 26 D20 I/O Peripheral Barrier Termination ................................................................. 39

Figure 27 D20 Peripheral I/O Block Diagram............................................................................ 40

Figure 28 D20S Digital Input Peripheral .................................................................................... 44


General PRPI-019-3.00-4 Full vii

Figure 29 D20S Digital Input Peripheral Block Diagram .......................................................... 45

Figure 30 D20A Analog Input Peripheral................................................................................... 48

Figure 31 D20A Analog Input Peripheral Block Diagram ......................................................... 49

Figure 32 Analog Conversion Process........................................................................................ 49

Figure 33 Three-point Linearity Correction ............................................................................... 51

Figure 34 D20K Control Output Peripheral ............................................................................... 53

Figure 35 Interposing Relays ...................................................................................................... 58

Figure 36 D20 Power Supply...................................................................................................... 65

Figure 37 D200 Power Supplies ................................................................................................. 65

Figure 38 D.20 Link Example Configuration ............................................................................. 71

Figure 39 D.20 Communications Interface................................................................................. 72

Figure 40 D.20 Communication Interface .................................................................................. 72

Figure 41 DCI Modes of Operation............................................................................................ 73

Figure 42 D.20 Fiber Optic Splitter ............................................................................................ 73

Figure 43 D.20 Fiber Optic Splitter ............................................................................................ 74

Figure 44 D200 Redundancy ...................................................................................................... 76

Figure 45 Single D20/D200 with Loop Redundancy ................................................................. 77

Figure 46 Single D20/D200 with Redundant LAN .................................................................... 78

Figure 47 Data Display Panel ..................................................................................................... 79


PRPI-019-3.00-4 General viii Full

Tables

Table 1 D20/D200 Power Supply Replacements.......................................................................... 6

Table 2 D20/D200 Product Comparison...................................................................................... 10

Table 3 D20/D200 Power Supplies............................................................................................. 20

Table 4 D20/D200 Main Processor Specifications..................................................................... 31

Table 5 D20/D200 Ethernet Media Types .................................................................................. 36

Table 6 D20/D200 I/O Peripherals ............................................................................................. 37

Table 7 I/O Processing................................................................................................................. 43

Table 8 D20S Specifications....................................................................................................... 47

Table 9 D20S Options................................................................................................................. 47

Table 10 D20A Specifications .................................................................................................... 52

Table 11 D20A Options .............................................................................................................. 53

Table 13 D20K Specifications .................................................................................................... 56

Table 14 D20K Options .............................................................................................................. 57

Table 12 D20KI Options............................................................................................................. 58

Table 15 D20C Daughter Boards................................................................................................ 59

Table 16 D20C Specifications .................................................................................................... 60

Table 17 D20C Options .............................................................................................................. 61

Table 18 D20AC Features and Specifications ............................................................................ 62

Table 19 D20AC Options ........................................................................................................... 63

Table 20 D20/D200 Power Supplies........................................................................................... 65

Table 21 D20/D200 Battery Chargers ........................................................................................ 66

Table 22 D20/D200 Modems...................................................................................................... 67

Table 23 WESDAC 202/V.23 Modem Specifications ............................................................... 68

Table 24 D20/D200 Communications Links .............................................................................. 69

Table 25 D20/D200 Fiber Optic Links ....................................................................................... 79


General PRPI-019-3.00-4 Full 1

About this Document

Purpose This document provides a technical overview of the D20/D200 Remote Terminal Unit (RTU). The document is organized as follows:

Whats New: This section highlights recent additions and enhancements that have been made to the D20/D200 product line.

1. System Overview: This section provides an overview of the D20/D200 system hardware and software.

2. Detailed Technical Description: This section provides a detailed description of the D20/D200 hardware, software and operation.

3. Configuration and Maintenance Software: This section describes utilities and applications that are available to help you configure, manage and maintain your D20/D200 system.

4. Application Software: This section describes some of the substation automation and SCADA applications that are available for the D20/D200.

5. Frequently Asked Questions: This appendix presents answers to frequently asked questions about the D20/D200.

A. Specifications and Supported Standards: This appendix lists key industry specifications with which the D20/D200 complies.

B. Supported Host Protocols: This appendix lists SCADA host protocols supported by the D20/D200.

C. Supported IED Protocols: This appendix lists IED protocols supported by the D20/D200.

D. Power Consumption D20 Modules This appendix lists nominal power consumption for D20 components, for use in power calculations.

E. D20/D200 Main Processor Compatibility: This appendix shows the compatibility of D20 processors with the D20/D200 chassis.

F. D.20 Link Installation: This appendix provides guidelines on planning and installing a D.20 Link.


PRPI-019-3.00-4 General 2 Full

Who Should Use this Document? This document is a helpful resource for utility customers or GE partners who are purchasing or evaluating a remote terminal unit or substation control system. It is intended for readers who have a knowledge of substation automation equipment and applications.

Additional Documentation For further information about the D20/D200 product family, refer to the following documents:

D20/D200 Installation and Operation Guide (994-0078) D20, D25, iBOX Automation Applications (PRPI-048)



Product Support

If you need help with any aspect of your GE Energy product, you have a few options.

Search Technical Support The GE Energy Web site provides fast access to technical information, such as manuals, release notes and knowledge base topics. Visit us on the Web at:

www.ge.com/energy

Contact Customer Service The GE Energy Customer Service Center is open 24 hours a day, seven days a week for you to talk directly to a GE representative.

In the U.S. and Canada, call toll-free: 1.800.361.3652

International customers, please call: + 1 403.214.4600

Or e-mail to [email protected]



Whats New

GE Energy is pleased to announce the following additions to the D20/D200 product family:

D20ME II Main Processor The D20ME II, the latest generation of D20/D200 processors, builds on the increased memory, performance and communication port speed introduced with the D20ME. Where the D20ME supports up to eight RS-232 serial ports (one of which is reserved for the maintenance port), the D20ME II supports:

Seven serial ports, each of which can be configured as either RS-485 or RS-232, and One RS-232 maintenance port. Each D20ME II RS-485 port can communicate with up to 32 devices and operate over distances up to 4000 feet, without the use of repeaters (see note below). The D20ME II is backwards compatible with VME and non-VME versions of the D20 chassis, and with the D200 chassis. For more information, see section 2.2, Main Processor.

Figure 1 D20ME II Main Processor

Note: The RS-485 port on the D20ME II provides no isolation and offers limited built-in transient suppression. If you are using the D20ME II in an environment where longer cable runs with larger transients are expected, installation of an external transient suppression device is recommended to protect the RTU. In addition, GE recommends the installation of an external transient suppression device when the RS-485 communication cable must be run to devices located outside of the RTU cabinet containing the D20ME II. Contact Customer Service for additional information.



D20EME (Ethernet/Memory Expansion) The D20EME is a VME-based module that combines Ethernet support and global memory expansion.

Figure 2 D20EME (Ethernet/Memory Expansion)

The D20EME allows VME-based D20 and D200 systems to be connected directly to any 10 MB Ethernet-based network. Available configurations of the D20EME module include:

Ethernet only Memory only Ethernet and Memory For more information, see section 2.3, Ethernet/Memory Expansion (EME) Kit.

New D20/D200 I/O Peripherals Several new I/O peripherals have been added to the D20/D200 product family.

D20AC, AC Analog Input Peripheral The D20AC, AC analog input peripheral provides AC analog computing and monitoring. It has the following features:

Up to 132 analog values and 18 accumulator values Direct AC analog inputs from current and voltage transformers for up to three 3-phase

circuits, eliminating the need for transducers and/or metering IEDs

Integrated key substation functions such as metering, analog processing and power quality measurement

3-element and 1-element (balanced system) metering Meter calculations include kW, kVArs, kVA, power factor, frequency, kWh, kVARh, kVAh

and symmetrical components.

Power quality data: %THD (total harmonic distortion), 21st harmonic For more information, see section 2.4.11 , D20AC, AC Analog Input Peripheral.



D20 High-Voltage Peripherals D20 high-voltage peripherals provide an extra level of protection for your system. They are packaged similar to the standard D20 I/O peripherals, but the input and output circuits are conditioned to handle higher voltages. For instance, the high-voltage version of the D20S, the D20 SZ, supports ON thresholds of up to 220 VDC. For more information, see section 2.4, I/O Peripheral.

D20K4Z Termination Module The WESTERM D20K4Z is the termination panel for the D20K4Z high-voltage control output module. As well as providing outputs that can withstand higher voltages, all of the control relays on the D20K4Z termination module are 4-pole, momentary contact, so that both sides of an interposer coil can be switched for additional control security. For more information, see section 2.4, I/O Peripheral.

New Power Supplies GE Energy has introduced several new D20/D200 power supplies that provide additional capacity and improved standards compliance. The new power supplies are designed to be drop-in replacements for the existing D20 power supplies. As shown in the following tables, each of the existing power supplies has two possible replacements, one with a 24 V isolated output, and one with a 48 V isolated output. For more information, see section 2.5, D20/D200 Power Supplies and Chargers.

Table 1 D20/D200 Power Supply Replacements

Supply Phased Out Drop In Replacement Alternative Replacement

Part Number 580-0240 580-2006 580-2007

Input Voltage Range 90-135 VAC 100-300 VDC or 85-264 VAC 100-300 VDC or

85-264 VAC

+5 V Current 5 A 7 A 7 A


-12 V Current A 1 A 1 A

ISO V/I 24 V/3 A 24 V/3 A 48 V/1 A



Supply Phased Out Drop In Replacement Alternative Replacement

Part Number 580-0241 580-2006 580-2007

Input Voltage Range 100-150 VDC 100-300 VDC or 85-264 VAC 100-300 VDC or

85-264 VAC




ISO V/I 24 V/ A 24 V/3 A 48 V/1 A

Supply Phased Out Drop In Replacement Alternative

Replacement

Part Number 580-0296 580-2004 580-2005

Input Voltage Range 20-60 VDC 20-60 VDC 20-60 VDC




ISO V/I 24 V/ A 24 V/3 A 48 V/1 A

Supply Phased Out Drop In Replacement Alternative

Replacement

Part Number 580-0297 580-2007 580-2006

Input Voltage Range

100300 VDC or 90265 VAC

100-300 VDC or 85-264 VAC

100-300 VDC or 85-264 VAC




ISO V/I 48 V/1 A 48 V/1 A 24 V/3 A

Multiple Language Support To meet the needs of our international customers, GE Energy has added multiple language support to many of our software products that complement the D20/D200, including PowerLink, Config Pro and WESMAINT. These products can be supplied in other languages by request so that end users, such as system operators, can work efficiently in their native language. Contact GE Energy for details.



1. System Overview

This section provides an overview of the D20/D200 system hardware and software. More detailed technical information can be found in 2. Detailed Technical Description. The D20/D200 is the heart of GE Energys iSCS (Integrated Substation Control System), as illustrated in Figure 3.

Transformer monitor and

control

Bay monitor and control

Ethernet Relays

Ethernet LAN

Data Concentration / Protocol Conversion

Legacy relays

GE Multlin

GE D25 GE iBOX

GE IP ServerGE D20

GE UR Relay

GE tMEDIC

PowerLink Advantage HMI

GE Hydran GE MultlinLegacy relays

Radio to DA system

D20 I/O Modules

StatusControl Analogs

Corp. LAN

Fiber loop to other sites

Communications Equipment

High speed between relays

Voice & Security

GE JungleMUX

Figure 3 GE Integrated Substation Control System

The D20/D200 provides substation server functionality in a mission-critical, substation-hardened package. The D20/D200 has a distributed architecture for gathering data from, and controlling, substation equipment.

The D20/D200 is available with a broad range of:

SCADA host protocols (see C. Supported Host Protocols) IED protocols (see D. Supported IED Protocols) Communication options (see section 2.7, Communications) Input/output (I/O) peripheral modules (see section 2.4, I/O Peripheral) Operation and maintenance utilities (see 3. Configuration and Maintenance Software)



Substation automation applications (see 4. Application Software)

1.1 System Architecture The D20/D200 is based on a distributed processing architecture that consists of one or more main processors, peripheral I/O modules, termination panels, power supplies and communications equipment.

The main components of a D20/D200 system are:

D20/D200 main chassis, equipped with processor(s), power supply, RS-232/485 ports Input/output peripheral modules Auxiliary equipment Communications interfaces Application firmware Configuration and maintenance software User manuals The main processor communicates with I/O peripherals over proprietary high-speed D.20 communications links. General-purpose RS-232 and RS-485 serial ports provide communications with a variety of external devices, including substation equipment (IEDs, for example), local printers, operator terminals, and SCADA computers.

Field data acquired by the D20/D200 is maintained in the system database, where it can be accessed and processed by different application programs.

1.2 Hardware Design The D20 and D200 hardware designs are based on:

Distributed processing architecture which permits the sharing of I/O data processing between the main processor and I/O peripheral processors

CMOS logic devices for low power consumption, noise immunity and high reliability Advanced 32-bit Freescale 68030 (D20ME and ME II) and 68HC11 (D20 I/O peripherals)

single-chip microcontrollers

Programmable logic devices (PLD) to provide flexibility and reliability, and to reduce the physical space taken up by logic circuits

9600-baud maintenance port D.20 HDLC link over a shielded cable or a glass/plastic fiber optic cable The modular design of the D20/D200 allows for easy expansion when you need additional processing power or communication ports.



1.3 D20/D200 Product Comparison Table 2 summarizes the key differences between the D20 and the D200.

Table 2 D20/D200 Product Comparison

D20 D200

Maximum Processor Boards 1 - non-VME chassis 3 - VME chassis

7

Maximum I/O Boards 31 (without repeaters)

120 (with repeaters)

124 (without repeaters)

480 (with repeaters)

VME Backplane Optional Standard

Maximum Serial Ports 14 + 2 maintenance port 49 + 7 maintenance ports

Base Software Standard D20 Base, CCU Base CCU Base

Applications Software Full suite of GE Energy automation application software and protocols

Full suite of GE Energy automation application software and protocols

Typical Number of Applications *

5 - 7 * 5 - 7 per node *

* Each D20/D200 application has specific memory and processing requirements. The number of applications that can be supported is therefore system-specific, and this will be determined during system engineering. If the applications you require are particularly processor or memory-intensive, the number that can be supported may be less than that shown in Table 2. Likewise, if the applications are not particularly processor or memory-intensive, the number that can be supported may be higher than that shown. Contact GE Energy for further information.

1.4 D20 RTU Platform There are two types of D20 RTU masters:

Single-slot (or non-VME) One processor Five-slot VME Up to three processors plus Ethernet The D20 hardware consists of a rack-mountable chassis containing one or more processor boards, power supplies and modems. As shown in Figure 4, the D20 interfaces with substation equipment either through peripheral I/O modules, or directly through RS-232, RS-485, or Ethernet links.



The D20 can support up to:

Two D.20 ports, each supporting up to 31 I/O peripherals, without repeaters, and 120 I/O peripherals, with repeaters

14 RS-232 or RS-485 ports (7 per processor board) Two Ethernet channels

D20 RTU Master

802.3LAN

EthernetIEDs orRelays

RS-232/485

WAN

IEDs orRelays

. . .

DMS/EMS/PLA

DMS/EMS/PLA

D.20 Link

I/O Peripheral

I/O Peripheral

This device is protected by a wide range of patents4032144581, 4032144581, 4032144581, 4032144851

Figure 4 D20 System Architecture



An example of a D20 rack layout is shown in Figure 5.

1

10

20

30

42

40

Optional second 7 COM portpanel

UPC

WESDAC D20AWESTERM D20A

DUCT PANEL

WESDAC D20SWESTERM D20S

DUCT PANEL

WESDAC D20KWESTERM D20K

DUCT PANEL

D20 CHASSIS(with 7 COM ports)

Figure 5 Example D20 Rack Layout



1.5 D200 Substation Automation Platform The D200 has the computing power and expandability needed to provide substation automation in larger substations. This is achieved through an innovative design that employs multiple D20 processors, communicating over a VME bus.

Figure 6 D200 Substation Automation Platform

The D200 has the processing power to monitor and control thousands of I/O points. It can run sophisticated automation applications, such as our LogicLinx* programmable logic control, without compromising performance.

GE Energy has installed D200 systems with point counts exceeding 80,000. Contact GE Energy for further information on engineering large systems.

1.5.1 D200 Features RS-232/RS-485 ports support large numbers of host systems and IEDs VME bus architecture provides high scalability and performance for adding serial ports,

LAN options, and memory

Data is integrated and coordinated, so different applications access a single, real-time database

Optional redundant configuration for high reliability at critical sites (see section 2.9, Redundancy)

Hardened to perform critical control functions in the substation environment, in accordance with applicable IEEE and IEC standards



D200 hardware is similar in design to the D20 hardware, but it has significantly more physical capacity. Based on a 9-slot VME chassis, the D200, illustrated in Figure 7, can support up to:

4 D.20 ports, each supporting up to 31 I/O peripherals, without repeaters, and 120 I/O peripherals, with repeaters

49 RS-232 or RS-485 ports (seven per D20ME or D20ME II Main Processor) Two Ethernet channels

D200 RTU Master

802.3LAN

EthernetIEDs orRelays

WAN

DMS/EMS/PLA

RS-232/485 . .

.

IEDs orRelays

DMS/EMS/PLA

D.20 Links

. . .

. . .

. . .

I/O Peripheral

I/O Peripheral

I/O Peripheral

I/O Peripheral

Figure 7 D200 System Architecture



An example of a D200 rack layout is shown in Figure 8.

FAILOVER SUPPLY

L/R SWITCH PANELDUCT PANEL

FAILOVER SUPPLY

D200 CCU CHASSIS

UPC

DUCT PANEL

DUAL MODEM PANEL

POWER BAR

1

10

20

30

42

40

POWER BAR

DUCT PANEL


DUCT PANEL


DUCT PANEL


DUCT PANEL


DUCT PANEL


DUCT PANEL


DUCT PANEL

BLANK PANEL

BLANK PANEL

D.20 DC INTERFACE

Figure 8 Example D200 Rack Layout

1.6 D20/D200 RTU Hardware

1.6.1 Chassis The D20 and D200 chassis feature a VME/Eurocard design for mounting plug-in D20 modules:

Main Processor Power Supplies Modems Ethernet/Memory Expansion Module Media Interface Card



For convenience, maintenance ports, test points, indicators and power switches are brought out to the front of the chassis. With VME versions of the D20 and D200 chassis, external connections are provided through rear-mounted termination panels.

1.6.1.1 D20 Chassis

D20ME or D20ME IIMain Processor (up to 2)

D20EME EthernetMemory Expansion

Module Power Supply

Media InterfaceCards

Modem

5.25in

8.5 in19.0 in

Figure 9 D20 Perspective Drawing

The D20 chassis is available in a single-slot Eurocard version, or a five-slot VME version. The single-slot chassis provides one horizontal double-size Eurocard slot for mounting the D20 processor card. It is equipped with an integral D20 termination board for customer power and field connection, and for serial-port access.

The VME chassis is equipped with five horizontal expansion slots for use with VME compatible printed circuit boards. A separate termination board is required with the full VME chassis. The VME D20 chassis can support up to:

Three D20 processor cards Two D.20 ports, each supporting up to 31 peripherals without repeaters or 120 I/O

peripherals with repeaters

Fourteen RS-232 or RS-485 ports per processor Two Ethernet ports



1.6.1.2 D200 Chassis

Power Switch / Fuse PanelD20EME Ethernet Memory

Expansion Module

Media Interface Card(MIC)

Modem Slots (seven if MICinstalled, eight otherwise)

D20ME or D20ME IIMain Processors

(up to seven)

Up to four Power Supplies

10.5

in

19 in.

14 in

.

Figure 10 D200 Perspective Drawing

The D200 chassis is a nine-slot VME chassis that can support up to:

Seven D20 processor cards Four D.20 ports supporting up to 124 peripherals without repeaters and 480 I/O peripherals

with repeaters

49 RS-232 or RS-485 ports (seven per main processor) Two Ethernet ports

1.6.2 Main Processor The design of the D20 main processor has evolved with improvements in processor performance and electronic packaging technology. Previous versions of the D20 main processor (D20M, D20M+ and D20M++), although no longer available, are still operating at many locations. The current versions of the D20 main processor (D20ME and D20ME II) are described below. For a detailed description of the main processors, see section 2.2, Main Processor. Compatibility of the different versions of the D20/D200 main processors and chassis is listed in E. D20/D200 Main Processor Compatibility.



Figure 11 D20ME II Main Processor

1.6.2.1 D20ME The D20ME Main Processor:

Concentrates data from substation equipment, then processes and forwards this data to the SCADA Master

Receives control actions from the SCADA Master and forwards these actions to substation equipment

Depending on the application software supported on the unit, initiates control actions based on the status of the substation equipment

Processes maintenance commands received through the WESMAINT port. The D20ME interfaces with substation equipment through:

D20 I/O Peripherals RS-232 ports (eight RS-232 ports per D20ME, one of which is the maintenance port) Ethernet ports (two per D20/D200)

1.6.2.2 D20ME II In addition to the D20ME functionality described above, the D20ME II main processor can be configured to support RS-485 communications on any of seven serial ports (the eighth is reserved for the RS-232 WESMAINT port). Through each of the RS-485 serial ports, the D20/D200 can communicate point-to-multipoint with large numbers of end devices, out to a distance of 4000 feet.

1.6.3 Ethernet/Memory Expansion (EME) Kit The D20EME is a VME-based module that combines Ethernet support and global memory expansion.




The D20EME allows VME-based D20 and D200 systems to be connected directly to any 10 Mbps Ethernet-based network. Available configurations of the D20EME module include:

Ethernet only Memory only Ethernet and Memory For more information, see section 2.3, Ethernet/Memory Expansion (EME) Kit.

1.6.4 Power Supplies The D20 switch-mode power supply, installed in the D20 chassis, provides power to the units that are installed in the chassis, and up to five D20 I/O peripherals depending on the hardware configuration. For larger systems with more than five I/O peripherals, an external power supply is always required. D200 power supplies provide power to multiple processors and are configured as separate +12 and 5 V supplies.

Figure 13 D20/D200 Chassis Mounted Power Supplies



Several types of power supplies are available for D20/D200 systems:

Table 3 D20/D200 Power Supplies

Power Supply Type Features

Standard chassis-mounted Chassis-mounted Switch-mode converters Provides power for all modules in the chassis, including the

main processor, VME cards, modems.

External Required for large numbers of I/O peripherals or modems.

Redundant Provides fail-over protection and delivers continuous power to the D20 modules and peripherals.

For a listing of available power supplies, refer to section 2.5, D20/D200 Power Supplies and Chargers.

1.6.5 Modems GE Energy offers a wide range of D20/D200 modems to provide communication between the D20/D200 and SCADA host computers or remote devices, including proprietary WESDAC modems and third-party modems from vendors such as Telenetics and Westermo. For more information, see section 2.6, D20 Modems.

1.7 I/O Peripherals A range of I/O peripherals is available to provide expandable input/output functionality for the D20/D200.

Figure 14 D20A I/O Peripheral

The following types of I/O peripherals meet various input/output requirements.

D20A 32-channel DC analog input module D20K 32 control relay module D20KI 8 interposer relay module (up to four D20KIs per D20K) D20S 64-channel digital input module



D20C Combination of 16 digital inputs and 8 digital outputs. Optional 16 analog inputs, or 8 analog inputs and 8 analog outputs.

D20AC Up to 15 direct AC inputs and 1 DC analog input For a detailed description, see section 2.4, I/O Peripheral.

D20 I/O peripherals are available in standard and high-voltage versions. The high-voltage versions of the peripherals are electrically more robust than the standard versions, and meet a broader range of industry standards. These standards, which include IEC standards for electrostatic discharge, RFI susceptibility, electrical stress, and vibration, are described in A. Specifications and Supported Standards.

1.8 Auxiliary Equipment GE Energy offers a selection of auxiliary equipment to support specific substation applications, including:

Interposing relay panels for applications requiring heavy-duty control ratings Universal protocol converter to interface with devices that use synchronous protocols Data display panel to view any data point on a built in LCD screen Fiber optic interfaces For more information, see section 2.10, Auxiliary Equipment.

1.9 Communications The D20/D200 interfaces with peripherals and external devices over several types of communications facilities:

RS-232 RS-485 D.20 Link Ethernet For a detailed description, see section 2.7, Communications.



1.10 Firmware The D20/D200 software is based on a core set of software modules, collectively referred to as the base system. The base system is programmed into the D20/D200 on-board flash memory as firmware. Processing and data acquisition functionality is distributed between the I/O peripheral processors, which have similar but smaller base systems, and the D20 main processor. The base system for the D200 is commonly referred to as the CCU base system. For a detailed description, see section 2.2.3 , Firmware. D20/D200 base systems have the following features:

System calls are available for user-generated software D20 peripheral firmware and processes Support of libraries and processes for a wide range of I/O devices Database manager facility (WESDAC Interface Node) Background system diagnostics Comprehensive diagnostic and maintenance facility support (WESMAINT)

1.11 Configuration and Maintenance Software The D20/D200 is equipped with a range of maintenance utilities to assist the user in configuring, testing and monitoring the system:

Config Pro, a PC-based tool for configuring D20/D200 hardware and software remotely over a network or locally through the maintenance port.

LogicLinx, an IEC 61131-3 compliant soft logic automation tool comprising a executor running in the D20/D200 firmware and PC-based editor for creating PLC-like programs.

WESMAINT is a maintenance facility that resides on the D20 and D200 accessed through a simple terminal to view collected data and system status and, for some applications, make changes to the configuration.

68K Monitor, an on-board advanced diagnostic tool accessed thorough a terminal interface and used for troubleshooting, including memory examination, dumping and editing, setting break points, and CPU usage and process profiling.

For a detailed description, see 3. Configuration and Maintenance Software.

1.12 System Documentation A full suite of D20/D200 user documentation is provided with each system:

Hardware Manual, consisting of: Hardware installation, operation and maintenance guides

Software Manual, consisting of:



Software configuration guides Maintenance utility user guides

Site-Specific Manual, consisting of: Bills of Material Rack layouts Configuration tables Termination lists Cabling schematics Module layout drawings (complete with wiring and jumper configuration instructions).



2. Detailed Technical Description

This section describes the D20/D200 hardware and software design & operation in more detail.

2.1 Mechanical Design and Packaging

2.1.1 General The design of the D20/D200 packaging was driven by the following electric utility requirements:

Environmental standards required by the power utility and resource industries Compliance with worldwide industry standards Maintainability Minimize the requirement for, and simplify, routine maintenance Reliability Maximize the Mean Time Between Failure and minimize Mean Time To

Restore

Packaging efficiency Safety To achieve these requirements, D20/D200 packaging is based on:

Compact modules designed for industry-standard 19" (483 mm) rack mounting. VME/Eurocard architecture Front access provided on peripheral I/O modules for easy access to field terminations,

displays and auxiliary hardware

Electronics and logic circuits are easily removed from fixed I/O termination panels, without powering down the equipment or disconnecting field termination

High-quality metal panels for all chassis, mountings, panels and terminations Corrosion-resistant finishes and anodized parts, for resistance to rust, oxidization and

scratching

Gold-plated connectors and sockets where necessary, tin or nickel-palladium plated connectors and sockets otherwise

Connectors, integrated circuit sockets and terminations providing secure positive connections Separate termination boards for customer connections and serial I/O access Standard screw compression-type terminal blocks, capable of terminating a single #12 AWG

[2.05mm] wire supplied for field I/O terminations. Optional DB25 connectors, removable terminals or customer-specified terminal blocks provide flexible termination schemes.

Industry-standard FR-4 epoxy glass printed circuit boards, coated with solder mask



Intermodule wiring mechanically protected and separated from field cabling

2.1.2 Enclosure To meet specific customer requirements, GE offers a wide range of equipment enclosures, including NEMA 1, 4, 4X and 12 standard wall-mount, freestanding or swing frame cabinets.

The standard cabinet color is beige. Custom colors (e.g. ASAG/gray) are available by request. As well, a complete line of accessories, such as lighting, AC outlets, and door locks, are available as options.

2.1.3 Chassis D20/D200 chassis assemblies are 19 rack-mountable and based on Eurocard/VME (VersaModular Eurocard) standards. The chassis provides mounting and interconnection for the following D20 modules:

Main processors Power supplies Modems Ethernet/Memory expansion Media interface cards Power switches, test points and indicators are mounted on the front of the D20 modules. Rear-mounted back planes are used to interconnect the VME bus positions and to provide cable and wire-harness interfaces.

Depending on your application, the following types of chassis are available:

D20 Chassis (non-VME) D20 Chassis (VME) D200 Chassis (VME)

2.1.3.1 D20 Chassis (non-VME) The D20 chassis is a 3U horizontal slot chassis. Non-VME versions of the D20 provide a single horizontal Eurocard slot, into which the D20ME board is installed:



D20M++ or D20MEor D20ME II (non VME version)

Main Processor

Modems (up to three)

WESMAINT Port

Power Supply

Figure 15 D20 Chassis (non-VME version)

The non-VME version of the D20 chassis is equipped with a rear-mounted termination board that provides power connection and serial port access to the D20 system.

2.1.3.2 D20 Chassis (VME) The VME version of the D20 chassis is equipped with five horizontal expansion slots for VME-compatible modules:

D20ME or D20ME II MainProcessors (one or two)

Media Interface Card (MIC)

Power Supply

D20EME Ethernet/MemoryExpansion Module

Modem slots(two, if MIC installed,

three otherwise)

Figure 16 D20 Chassis (VME version)

The VME version of the D20 chassis is equipped with a rear-mounted termination board for power connections and serial ports for one processor board. An optional rack-mounted serial port panel is available to support the seven serial ports on a second processor board.



2.1.3.3 D200 Chassis

The D200 is a vertical-slot VME chassis, as shown in Figure 17.

Media Interface Card(MIC)

Modem Slots (seven if MICinstalled, eight otherwise)

D20ME or D20ME II Main Processors

(up to seven)

Up to four Power SuppliesD20EME Ethernet/MemoryExpansion Module

Power Switch/ Fuse Panel

Figure 17 D200 Chassis

The D200 chassis is equipped with a rear-mounted termination board for power connections and serial-port access.

2.1.4 Peripheral I/O Module Assembly D20 peripheral I/O modules consist of two separate assemblies - a logic panel and a field termination panel. See Figure 18. The logic panel contains all of the logic circuitry and active components in the peripheral I/O module. The termination panel provides terminations for all field I/O, power, and maintenance connections, as well as connection to the upstream and downstream D.20 links. The termination panel is designed for flat mounting or 19 rack mounting.



Acrylic DisplayCover

Terminal Blocks

WESTE

RM Te

rminat

ion Pa

nel

WESDAC

Logic Pa

nel

Metal MountingPlate

Figure 18 D20 Peripheral I/O Module

The logic panel is housed in a metal enclosure, which plugs directly into the termination panel. The logic panel enclosure is faced with a semi-transparent acrylic cover, which allows the user to monitor LED displays for various peripheral functions and field I/O points.

If a unit fails, the operator unplugs the failed logic panel and replaces it with a working unit while the power remains on. Once the new unit is installed, the D20/D200 automatically downloads the appropriate operating software and database parameters to the module to make it operational.

2.1.5 Environmental Typical operating temperature range of -10C to +55C and a relative humidity range of 0 to 95%, non-condensing.

Note: At higher extremes of the temperature and humidity operating ranges (i.e., when temperature and humidity are both high), occasional errors may be observed on RS-485/D.20 links; however, packets with errors are detected and retransmitted by the data communications protocol. The net result is error-free communications.

Storage conditions, with equipment de-energised: temperature range of -40C to +80C (0C to +70C for Graphics Display) and relative humidity less than 95%, non-condensing.



2.2 Main Processor D20ME and D20ME II, which are the main processors for the D20/D200, act as master controllers over D20 peripheral I/O modules, which serve as slaves. The main processors function as data concentrators and central processors of field data. The D20 I/O peripheral modules perform the primary processing of data, which increases the speed and efficiency of the D20, by reducing the workload on the main processor.

Note: In the following sections, references to the D20ME apply also to the D20ME II, unless explicitly stated.

2.2.1 Hardware The D20ME is an advanced, single board, VME-bus-compatible central processing unit. It uses a real-time multi-tasking operating system that supports all standard SCADA/EMS related functions and advanced custom applications. It features high-speed CMOS logic devices that ensure low power consumption, noise immunity and reliability.

CPU/CONTROLSERIAL

I/O

INTERRUPTCONTROL

MEMORY VME BUSINTERFACE

Data Address andControl Buses

2 D.20 HDLC Ports

7 RS-232 Ports

Wesmaint Port

VME Interrupts

Local Interrupts

VME Bus

Figure 19 D20ME Block Diagram



The D20ME consists of five distinct interacting circuit blocks, as shown in Figure 19.

CPU/Control performs data processing, device addressing and system control. The D20ME uses an MC68030 32-bit microprocessor, which is capable of addressing up to four megabytes of on-board memory or four gigabytes when used in conjunction with external memory accessible via the VME bus interface. Also included in this block are address decoding, clock and control signal generation, asynchronous control, power monitor/watchdog timer/reset, status output port and diagnostic/debug facilities.

Memory consists of memory components and circuits. The D20ME uses boot EPROM and three banks of four sets of memory devices (static RAM, non-volatile RAM, and flash) providing up to 1.5 MB, 0.5 MB, and 2 MB respectively of on-board memory.

Interrupt Control consists of an interrupt handler designed specifically for the VME bus. It operates in conjunction with a VME bus controller, and determines the importance of, and controls, interrupts from the serial ports, the D.20 Link HDLC chip, and the real-time clock.

Serial I/O is the communications center of the D20ME. It consists of two D.20 HDLC communications ports, one RS-232 9600 baud maintenance port and seven byte-oriented asynchronous RS-232 communication ports. The seven serial ports, all of which are programmable, are used for communication with SCADA/EMS master stations and/or other serial devices, such as printers and IEDs. The HDLC port handles a bit-oriented D.20 protocol structure for communicating with the D20 I/O peripheral.

VME Bus Interface. The D20ME operates as the VME bus master to allow it to interface to, control and arbitrate the VME bus.

2.2.2 D20/D200 Main Processor Specifications

Table 4 D20/D200 Main Processor Specifications

Item Description

CPU/Memory 32-bit Freescale 68030 microprocessor 40 MHz MPU clock Real-time clock, 1.0 ms resolution accurate to 2.0 ppm On-board memory

2 MB Flash memory 2 MB SRAM (incl. 512 K battery back up) 512 KB BootROM

Self Diagnostics Program memory checksums RAM test Configuration verification Interrupt controller verification Serial port test Watchdog and power monitor Peripheral communication checks Error logger



Item Description

Communications Two HDLC ports for link to peripheral modules The D20ME has seven programmable RS-232 serial ports for

communications to SCADA master, satellite RTUs and IEDs. The D20ME II has seven programmable serial ports, any combination of RS-232 and RS-485.

38,400 kbps on all 7 ports, all running half duplex & 100% utilization (D20ME and D20ME II)

9600 baud, RS-232 maintenance port (D20ME and D20ME II) Support leased/dial-up telephone lines, modems, 900 MHz radio, trunked

radio, spread spectrum radio, microwave, and fiber optic communications.

Power Requirements Power consumption: 3.5 W typical, 5 W max. Physical LED indications: Run/Halt and System Fail

2.2.3 Firmware The D20ME contains two types of firmware: BootROM and flash applications. BootROM contains the software needed to start up a D20 and diagnostic applications. Application software consists of a base system that includes the operating system, hardware-dependent software, and applications that are modular and hardware-independent so they can run on multiple platforms (D20, D25 and iBOX, for example).

2.2.3.1 BootROM BootROM firmware is stored on an EPROM chip. The following types of programs are stored as BootROM firmware:

Operating system Boot-up (reset) code Device drivers IRQ controller initialization Interrupt service procedures Monitor functions Root process Watchdog task Operating System The D20ME operating system is pSOS. pSOS is a real-time, multi-tasking operating system kernel, with the following features:

Integrated, multi-tasking with a structured efficient supervisory layer Priority scheduling of processes in coordination with other tasks. User applications are

partitioned into sets of processes



Inter-task communication and synchronization controlled from an efficient dedicated functional group

Dynamic memory allocation and reclamation, using an enhanced, highly efficient, first-fit algorithm

Real-time clock control managed via a service call from an external time base. The real-time clock:

Maintains calendar time Performs time slicing, which allows processes to pause Supplies a time-out option to other service calls

Direct memory access support is not required Efficient real-time responsiveness Boot-Up Code The D20 system initializes from the BootROM. It checks and verifies the contents of the BootROM, then initializes the system hardware and various I/O devices. If it finds any errors or defects in the memory, the system either shuts down to a minimum running state or, in the event of serious defects, shuts down completely.

After the initial diagnostic routines are run, the boot-up code downloads the operating system code into RAM so that it can be accessed more quickly. From this point on, all resident firmware and supplied custom applications run from either 32-bit wide RAM or 32-bit wide flash. The system and application databases are stored in NVRAM.

Device Drivers The D20 uses two communication device drivers:

Octart serial I/O chip, which manages input and output through eight serial ports. HDLC controller chip (dual-port), which forms part of the high-speed D.20 Link between

the D20ME and the D20 I/O peripherals.

68K Monitor Functions Monitor functions include debugging tools that users can access via a PC, VT100 terminal with a keyboard, or remotely via telnet. Monitor functions include memory examination, dumping and editing, setting break points, single-step modes, communication port loop-back tests, mark and space modem adjustments, and CPU usage and process profiling.

Watchdog Task Watchdog is a simple, low-priority task that is designed to send a reset signal to the watchdog timer circuit. As long as this circuit is reset every second, the system will not be rebooted. The D20 performs standard self-checks on initial start-up, periodically during operation, and as manually requested through WESMAINT.



2.2.3.2 Base Applications The D20 base system includes the following applications:

WESDAC Interface Node (WIN) WESMAINT System library resources Base applications, which are stored in flash memory, can be classified as one of the following:

Data Collection Applications (DCAs), which poll devices to collect data. Data Processing Applications (DPAs), which request and process data required by a

host/master computer.

Data Translation Applications (DTAs), which manipulate data inside the RTU to generate new information, translate data to different formats, or take action when certain events occur.

WESDAC Interface Node The WESDAC Interface Node (WIN) is the central database for the D20/D200. WIN manages the transfer, storage and manipulation of data between DCAs, DPAs, and DTAs. WIN sends requests for data to, and receives new data from, DCAs, then stores the new data in the system database. WIN also receives requests for data from, and sends data to, DPAs, and routes data output operation requests from DPAs to DCAs.

WESMAINT WESMAINT is a maintenance facility that resides on the D20 and D200. For a more detailed description, see section 3.3, WESMAINT System Library Resources The system library resources are collections of commonly used functions that assist programmers in the development of new code. There are several libraries available for the D20.

D.20 Link Subsystem The D.20 Link subsystem is a DCA that polls data from the D20 I/O peripheral modules, and then routes that data to WIN. It also asks the peripherals to perform any output operation requests that it receives from WIN. These communication transactions properly package the data and send or receive it over the D.20 Link.

The D.20 Link subsystem, which is known as the peripheral scan process, works with the D.20 Link driver to communicate with peripheral modules. The D.20 process formats the data according to the requirements of the D.20 protocol then calls the HDLC driver, which provides the actual hardware interface between the D20ME and the I/O peripherals.

2.2.4 Time Synchronization The D20ME/ME II can be used as an accurate timeserver for synchronizing the clocks of substation equipment connected to the D20 Ethernet or serial ports.



One of the D20ME/ME II serial ports is connected to the demodulated IRIG B port (IRIG, InterRange Instrumentation Group) of a GPS receiver (or other device), as illustrated in Figure 20. The D20ME/ME II obtains accurate time information from the GPS receiver then regularly distributes this information to the connected substation devices that require it. For example, the D20ME/ME II can operate as an SNTP (Simple Network Time Protocol) server, distributing time information to devices that are equipped with SNTP clients.

GPS Reciever

GPS Satellites

D20ME Processor

IRIG-B

Distribution of time information tosubstation devices and peripherals

Figure 20 D20/D200 Time Synchronization

To support time synchronization, the D20/D200 must be able to support the devices protocol, and the devices protocol must support time synchronization.

A sample of the demodulated IRIG B protocol is shown in Figure 21.

10

1 2 4 8 10 20 40 1 2 4 8 10 20 40

P2P1P0

0 20 30 40 50

P3 P4 P5

1 12 24 48 810 1020 20 40 80 100200

60

P7P6

50 70 80 90 100

P8 P9 P10

20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 29 21028 211 212 213 214 215 216

Binary '1'2 msec

(Typical)Binary '0'5 msec

(Typical)Reference

8 msec

Marker

.01 sec(Typical)

Seconds Minutes Hours Day

Time of DayControl Functions

Figure 21 Demodulated IRIG B Signal



The IRIG B format supports the time of day (hours, minutes, seconds) and the day of the year. The day of the year is the elapsed day starting from January 1st, and is reported as a number from 1 to 365 (366 for leap years). Year information is not provided by the IRIG B signal. Accuracy to milliseconds is obtained by tagging the leading edge of the pulse train to the time defined by the pulse train.

2.3 Ethernet/Memory Expansion (EME) Kit The D20EME is a VME-based module that combines Ethernet support and global memory expansion. If you install multiple D20ME or D20ME II main processors in the D20 or D200 VME chassis, you will need to install a D20EME Ethernet/Memory Expansion module to provide shared memory.


The D20EME allows VME-based D20 and D200 systems to be connected directly to any 10 Mbps Ethernet-based network. Available configurations of the D20EME module include:

Ethernet only Memory only Ethernet and Memory Memory configurations come equipped with 8 MB of battery-backed static RAM. This additional memory increases the amount of historical data, and the size of the database, that can be maintained by the D20/D200. Memory capacity can be upgraded to 16 MB, through the installation of an additional memory module.

Ethernet configurations are equipped with two independent 10 Mbps Ethernet channels. A Media Interface Card provides the physical Ethernet interface. Several versions of the MIC are available, depending on the Ethernet format.

Table 5 D20/D200 Ethernet Media Types

10BASE-T Provides two RJ-45 connectors for connecting to CAT5, or greater, UTP cabling

10BASE2 Provides two BNC connectors for connecting to thin coax cabling

10BASE-FL Provides two ST-style connectors for directly connecting to a single or multi-mode glass or plastic fiber optic cable



2.4 I/O Peripheral Modules The D20/D200 design is based on a distributed-processing architecture. As a result, the real-time data acquisition and control software that interfaces with field points is installed on peripheral modules, rather than on the main processor unit.

These I/O peripherals are intelligent modules that contain on-board microprocessors. They are configured as slaves to the D20/D200 main processor. In this way, specific I/O processing is distributed throughout the RTU to the appropriate I/O module.

D20 I/O peripherals communicate with the D20/D200 through a high speed, high-level data link controller (D.20 Link) in the form of poll and response messages. The peripheral modules have a serial communications port and a variable number of field connections.

The hardware construction of each module is similar (see Figure 18.) Each peripheral module has common code stored in EPROM and a unique application configuration stored in RAM. The base application code is stored on the D20/D200. At power up, the configuration and application code are downloaded to the peripheral module from the D20/D200 main processor.

2.4.1 Types of I/O Peripherals There are five basic types of I/O peripheral modules:

D20S digital input D20A analog input D20K control output D20C combination input/output D20AC direct AC analog input I/O peripheral modules are available with a variety of I/O point count support and termination options. The following is a listing of the various D20 I/O peripherals that are currently available from GE Energy:

Table 6 D20/D200 I/O Peripherals

Peripheral I/O Support Termination

D20A 32 analog inputs, standard version Compression

D20AD 32 analog inputs, standard version DB25

D20AX 32 analog inputs, standard version Disconnect

D20AB 32 analog inputs, standard version Barrier

D20AZ 32 analog inputs, high-voltage version Compression

D20S 64 digital inputs, standard version Compression

D20SD 64 digital inputs, standard version DB25

D20SX 64 digital inputs, standard version Disconnect

D20SB 64 digital inputs, standard version Barrier

D20SZ 64 digital inputs, high-voltage version Compression



Peripheral I/O Support Termination

D20K 32 Control Outputs, arranged as 32 Trip/Close, 32 individual control, 16 Raise/Lower pairs, or combinations thereof, standard version.

Compression

D20KR 32 Control Outputs, arranged as 32 Trip/Close, 32 individual control, 16 Raise/Lower pairs, or combinations thereof, standard version.

DB25

D20KX 32 Control Outputs, arranged as 32 Trip/Close, 32 individual control, 16 Raise/Lower pairs, or combinations thereof, standard version.

Disconnect

D20K4Z 32 Control Outputs, arranged as 32 Trip/Close, 32 individual control, 16 Raise/Lower pairs, or combinations thereof, high-voltage version.

Compression

D20C 16 digital inputs, 8 digital outputs, optional 16 analog inputs or 8 analog inputs and 8 analog outputs, standard version.

Compression

D20CD 16 digital inputs, 8 digital outputs, optional 16 analog inputs or 8 analog inputs and 8 analog outputs, standard version.

DB25

D20CX 16 digital inputs, 8 digital outputs, optional 16 analog inputs or 8 analog inputs and 8 analog outputs, standard version.

Disconnect

D20CB 16 digital inputs, 8 digital outputs, optional 16 analog inputs or 8 analog inputs and 8 analog outputs, standard version.

Barrier

D20C4Z 16 digital inputs, 8 digital outputs, optional 16 analog inputs or 8 analog inputs and 8 analog outputs, high-voltage version.

Compression

2.4.2 Termination Types Standard D20 I/O peripherals can be ordered with the following field termination options:

Compression: Field wiring is terminated directly onto board-mounted screw terminal compression blocks (#12 AWG [2.05mm] max, blade screwdriver - 0.6 x 3.5 x 100 mm) on the D20 I/O Peripheral, as illustrated below:

Figure 23 D20 I/O Peripheral - Compression Termination

DB25: Field wiring is terminated onto the D20 I/O peripheral through DB25 connectors, as illustrated below:

Figure 24 D20 I/O Peripheral DB25 Termination



Disconnect: Field wiring is terminated onto plug-on terminator blocks (#12 AWG [2.05mm] max, blade screwdriver - 0.6 x 3.5 x 100 mm), which then mate with board-mounted headers on the D20 I/O Peripheral. This is illustrated in Figure 25, with the board-mounted header shown on the right, and the cable plug shown on the left.

Figure 25 D20 I/O Peripheral Disconnect Termination

Barrier: Field wiring is terminated onto barrier terminals (#10 AWG [2.59mm] max, #6-32 screws) on the D20 I/O peripheral, as illustrated below:

Figure 26 D20 I/O Peripheral Barrier Termination



2.4.3 Hardware D20 I/O peripherals consist of four distinct circuit blocks, as shown in Figure 27.

MCU CONTROL

I/O

POWERSUPPLY

SERIAL I/O

Data Address andControl Buses

MaintenancePort

Channel 1

Channel 2(backup)

D.20 HDLC Ports

+12 V-12 V+5 V

D20 A32 Analog Inputs

D20 S64 Digital Inputs

D20C16 Digital Inputs8 Control Outputs

Optional: 16 Analog Inputs or 8 Analog Inputs and 8 Analog Outputs

20 - 60 VDC

D20 K32 Control Outputs

Figure 27 D20 Peripheral I/O Block Diagram

The fourth block, Input/Output, is specific to the function of the module. The circuit blocks are:

MCU/Control: Performs data processing and storage, device addressing and system control. Consists of an 8-bit microcontroller (MCU), address decoding, control signal generation, clock generation, power monitor/reset, module ID and memory.

Serial I/O: Consists of the D.20 communication and maintenance ports. Power Supply: Accepts an input voltage of 20 to 60 V DC, provided from either the host

D20 power supply or an external power source, and supplies a regulated output of +5 V and +/-12 VDC.

Input/Output: Controls and reads all digital or analog inputs, and controls and monitors all digital outputs, as directed by the MCU.



2.4.3.1 Status Indicators All D20 I/O Modules are equipped with the following LEDs:

LED Description

ON (GREEN) On solid when power is applied.

RUN (GREEN) With the FAULT LED, provides information about the units operating status.

TX1 (GREEN) Flashes when D.20 1 data is transmitted by the I/O module.

RX1 (GREEN) Flashes when D.20 1 data data is received by the I/O module.

TX2 (GREEN) Flashes when D.20 2 data is transmitted by the I/O module.

RX2 (GREEN) Flashes when D.20 2 data data is received by the I/O module.

FAULT (RED) With the RUN LED, provides information about the units operating status.

In addition to the above, each D20 I/O Module is equipped with module-specific status indicators.

2.4.4 Firmware There are two main types of peripheral I/O software: common code and base-application code. Similar to the D20 main processor software, peripheral software is installed as firmware on the modules. Common code is resident in the peripheral modules, and device-specific base applications are stored in the D20 main processor then downloaded to the peripheral modules at boot-up.

2.4.4.1 Common Code Common-code firmware in the peripheral modules is much like the BootROM firmware in the D20 main processor. The common code manages functions common to all peripheral units, specifically the input and output through communications and diagnostic ports. It also performs diagnostic checks of peripheral hardware.

Common code, which is stored in a 32K EPROM (labeled pcommon), remains active after a restart, whether or not the base-application code has been downloaded to the peripheral unit. This allows the peripheral unit to communicate and respond to D20/D200 requests, even without its device-specific base-application code loaded. However, peripheral module responses have an abbreviated format unless the application code is loaded.

The common code includes the following processes:

Real-time executive Watchdog and reset code Diagnostics Device drivers Communications



Common code interface Maintenance facility and monitor Library resources. Real-Time Executive The operating system of the peripheral units is a real-time executive, which controls process scheduling, and resource and interrupt management. The real-time executive controls three basic processes: watchdog, diagnostics and maintenance facility. It also controls some application processes downloaded from the D20/D200.

The real-time executive supports pausing, time-outs and suspension

prpi-019 d20_d200 technical overview v300 r4

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