project report survey

8/13/2019 Project Report Survey

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ASURVEY REPORT

ON“ BUYING BRHAVIOUR OF FLATSBY PEOPLE OF VARANASI CITY”

Session: 2006 09


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CLARATIONI( ) Hereby declare this suryey report entitled “Buying

behaviour of flats by people of varanasi city” submitted

in partial fulfillment of the requirement of course curriculum

of Bachelor of Business Adinistration. It is an original

work and has not been submitted for the award or similar

title else where.

Hereby state that all information collected through the

questionnaire is correct and true to the best of my

knowledge.


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PREFACE

Real estate industry underwent a transformation.Increasing corporatisation, higher levels of transparency with companies

beginning to access capital markets, increase in the scale of projects, etc. aresome of the significant developments. A property sector has a strong co-

relation with the overall economic growth. The growth prospects for realestate sector in India are uite good foreseeable future.

This survey report is a written presentationwhich throws light on the buying behaviour of flats by people of varanasicity. This report contains a detailed and relevant account of what is realestate! ,what is it"s status in India and an account of flat culture in varanasi.

After proper analysis of the collected data, theinference derived is that most of the people buy flats for living purpose and

prefer buying flats which are still under-construction. The main concern of people before buying is finance and prefer a flat in the main city. A majority percentage is aware about the legal aspects and safety norms.

#reperation of this report is done in a verysimple and lucid language using systematic methodology for research. Italso contains suggestions based on information gathered by uestionnaire.

This report has been prepared by me to the best

of my ability and I sincerely hope that the readers will find it interesting andinformative and also to an e$tent correct at essentials.


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ONT NTS

S no. Subject page no.

1. Introduction

2. Research objective

3. Research methodology

4. Indian Real estate 5. Varanasi: at glance

6. Varanasi Real estate

Home loans in varanasi

Property dealers in varanasi

List of property dealers

Home architects in varanasi

Building material suppliers in varanasi VDA

7. Vastu shastra

8. Legal aspects

9. Earthquake resistant buildings

10. Analysis and interpretation

11. Findings

12. Suggestions

13. Conclusion

14. Bibliography

15. Annexure


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INTRODUCTION

Real estate is a legal term that encompasses land along with anything permanently affi$ed to the land, such as buildings, specifically property that

is stationary, or fi$ed in location.%&'

Real estate is often consideredsynonymous with real property (also sometimes called realty), in contrastwith personal property (also sometimes called chattel or personalty).*owever, in some situations the term +real estate+ refers to the land andfi$tures together, as distinguished from +real property,+ referring toownership rights of the land itself.The terms real estate and real property are used primarily in common law,while civil law jurisdictions refer instead to immovable property.In law, the word real means relating to a thing (res /rei, thing, from .r.reel , from .. realis +actual,+ from atin. res, +matter, thing+), as

distinguished from a person. Thus the law broadly distinguishes between+real+ property (land and anything affi$ed to it) and +personal+ property(everything else, e.g., clothing, furniture, money). The conceptual differencewas between immovable property, which would transfer title along with theland, and movable property, which a person would retain title to. The oldestuse of the term +Real /state+ that has been preserved in historical recordswas in &000 .The word is not derived from the notion of land having historically been+royal+ property. The word royal 1and its #ortuguese cognate real 1come

from the related atin word rex-regis, meaning king.

2ith the development of private property ownership, real estate has becomea major area of business. #urchasing real estate reuires a significantinvestment, and each parcel of land has uniue characteristics, so the realestate industry has evolved into several distinct fields. 3pecialists are often

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lawhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buildinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Real_estate#_note-0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Real_propertyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Personal_propertyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fixtureshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Common_lawhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Civil_law_(legal_system)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jurisdictionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Immovable_propertyhttp://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/reshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portuguese_languagehttp://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/rexhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Propertyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ownershiphttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Businesshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lawhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buildinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Real_estate#_note-0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Real_propertyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Personal_propertyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fixtureshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Common_lawhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Civil_law_(legal_system)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jurisdictionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Immovable_propertyhttp://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/reshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portuguese_languagehttp://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/rexhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Propertyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ownershiphttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Business


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called on to valuate real estate and facilitate transactions. 3ome kinds of realestate businesses include4

• Appraisal4 #rofessional valuation services• 5rokerages4 Assisting buyers and sellers in transactions• 6evelopment4 Improving land for use by adding or replacing

buildings• #roperty management4 7anaging a property for its owner(s)• Real /state 7arketing4 7anaging the sales side of the property

business• Real /state Investing4 7anaging the investment of real estate• Relocation services4 Relocating people or business to a different

country• 8orporate Real /state4 7anaging the real estate held by a corporation

to support its core business1unlike managing the real estate held byan investor to generate income

A real estate broker is a term in the 9nited 3tates which describes a partywho acts as an intermediary between sellers and buyers of real estate (or real

property as it known elsewhere) and attempts to find sellers who wish to selland buyers who wish to buy. In the 9nited 3tates, the relationship wasoriginally established by reference to the /nglish common law of agency with the broker having a fiduciary relationship with his clients.

/state agent is the term used in the 9nited :ingdom to describe a person ororgani;ation whose business is to market real estate on behalf of clients, butthere are significant differences between the actions and liabilities of brokersand estate agents in each country. 5eyond the 93, other countries takemarkedly different approaches to the marketing and selling of real property.

In the 93, real estate brokers and their salespersons (commonly called +realestate agents+ or, in some states, +brokers+)%&' assist sellers in marketingtheir property and selling it for the highest possible price under the bestterms. 2hen acting as a 5uyer


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In most jurisdictions in the 9nited 3tates, a person is reuired to have alicense in order to receive remuneration for services rendered as a real estate

broker. 9nlicensed activity is illegal, but buyers and sellers acting as principals in the sale or purchase of real estate are not reuired to belicensed. In some states, lawyers are allowed to handle real estate sales forcompensation without being licensed as brokers or agents.

2ithin each field, a business may speciali;e in a particular type of realestate, such as residential, commercial, or industrial property. In addition,almost all construction business effectively has a connection to real estate.

+Internet Real /state+ is a term coined by the internet investment communityrelating to the parallel that e$ists between high uality internet domainnames and real-world, prime real estate. 7any internet companies actuallyuse the address of properties as domain names.

In recent years, many economists have recogni;ed that the lack of effectivereal estate laws can be a significant barrier to investment in manydeveloping countries. In most societies, rich or poor, a significant fraction ofthe total wealth is in the form of land and buildings.

In most advanced economies, the main source of capital used by individualsand small companies to purchase and improve land and buildings ismortgage loans (or other instruments). These are loans for which the real

property itself constitutes collateral. 5anks are willing to make such loans atfavorable rates in large part because, if the borrower does not make

payments, the lender can foreclose by filing a court action which allowsthem take back the property and sell it to get their money back. orinvestors, profitability can be enhanced by using an off plan or pre-construction strategy to purchase at a lower price which is often the case in

the pre-construction phase of development.

5ut in many developing countries there is no effective means by which alender could foreclose, so the mortgage loan industry, as such, either doesnot e$ist at all or is only available to members of privileged social classes.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Stateshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Licensehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Commission_(remuneration)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lawyershttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Constructionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mortgage_loanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Foreclosurehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Off_planhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Stateshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Licensehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Commission_(remuneration)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lawyershttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Constructionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mortgage_loanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Foreclosurehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Off_plan


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OBJECTIVES

To know what is the main reason for purchasing a flat.

To know the priority of a buyer before buying a flat in terms of thevarious variables in uestion.

To get an idea about the preference order of infrastructural facilities

by the people of varanasi.

*ow does a purchaser arrange the cost of the flat is also an objectivesof the study.

To inuire about the awareness and concern about the legal aspectsand safety in the buyers.

To get acuainted with other considerations by purchasers of flats invaranasi ( layout, location, community, etc.)


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ast of all to know that what is the opinion of people about buying aflat i.e. is it preferred more or renting a flat is a much better option.

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

Research is a human activity based on intellectual investigation and isaimed at discovering, interpreting, and revising human knowledge ondifferent aspects of the world.

7/T*6=>4 The type of research used is 6escriptiveresearch.

Descriptive research, also known as statistical research, describesdata and characteristics about the population or phenomenon beingstudied. 6escriptive research answers the uestions who, what , where,when and how.

7ailing is employed as the data collection method.

39R8/ 6ATA4 5oth primary and secondary #rimary data - collected by the researcher himself

3econdary data - collected by others to be +re-used+ by theresearcher

9?I@/R3/4 The universe of study is @aranasi city.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intellectualhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Discovery_(observation)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interpretation_(logic)http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Revising&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Knowledgehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Statisticshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Statistical_populationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intellectualhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Discovery_(observation)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interpretation_(logic)http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Revising&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Knowledgehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Statisticshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Statistical_population


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3imultaneously, the rapid growth of the Indian economy has had a cascadingeffect on demand for commercial property to help meet the needs of

business, such as modern offices, warehouses, hotels and retail shoppingcentres.=rowth in commercial office space reuirement is led by the burgeoningoutsourcing and information technology (IT) industry and organised retail.or e$ample, IT and IT/3 alone is estimated to reuire &FB million sftacross urban India by EB&B. 3imilarly, the organised retail industry is likelyto reuire an additional EEB million sft by EB&B.

Global Majors2ith the significant investment opportunities emerging in this industry, alarge number of international real estate players have entered the country.8urrently, foreign direct investment (6I) inflows into the sector areestimated to be between 93J F billion and 93J F.FB billion.Kones ang a3alle (K), the world


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Realty FundsThe boom in the real estate industry has attracted a large number of realtyfunds to tap into this market. According to 8ushman L 2akefield, foreigninvestors have raised nearly 93J DB billion since 7arch EBBF for investingin Indian real estate.#rominent global players like 8arlyle, 5lackstone, 7organ 3tanley, Trikona,2arbus #incus, *358 inancial 3ervices, Americorp @entures, 5arclaysand 8itigroup among others have all already checked into the Indian realtymarket.In fact, real estate has been instrumental in India emerging as the topdestination in Asia (e$cluding Kapan) in attracting private euity investmentsduring the first ten months of this year. Real estate accounted for E0 per centof total value of private euity investments, with DE deals valued at 93J E.0

billion. And according to industry estimates, another 93J &B-EB billion

would pour into the sector in the ne$t three years.Going Global3imultaneously, many Indian realtors are making a name for themselves inthe international market through significant investments in foreign markets.#rudential Real /state Investors has acuired Round *ill 8apital #artners:abushiki :aisha, a Kapanese asset management firm./mbassy =roup has inked a deal with the 3erbian government to construct a93J 0BB million IT park in 3erbia.#arsvnath 6evelopers has tied up with the Al-*asan =roup in man.#uravankara =roup is doing a project in 3ri anka - a high-end residentialcomple$, comprising &BB villas.The *iranandanis are constructing FBBB F-star hotel rooms, which will comeup between Abu 6habi and 6ubai.Ansals A#I tied up with 7alaysia


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7inimum capital investment for wholly-owned subsidiaries and jointventures stands at 93J &B million and 93J F million, respectively.ull repatriation of original investment after three years.F& per cent 6I allowed in single brand retail outlets and &BB per cent incash and carry through the automatic route.Road Ahead2ith the economy surging ahead, the demand for all segments of the realestate sector is likely to continue to grow. The Indian real estate industry islikely to grow from 93J &E billion in EBBF to 93J MB billion in by EB&F.=iven the boom in residential housing, IT, ITe3, organised retail andhospitality industries, this industry is likely to see increased investmentactivity. oreign direct investment alone might see a close to si$-fold jumpto 93J DB billion over the ne$t &B years.

Investing in property has come up as an e$cellent prospect to gain highreturns within short period of time. This is mainly because of capitalappreciation. 8ontrary to regular returns, high returns come at a cost asmaking investments in real estate which has nowadays become verycumbersome. 2hat you have to be the most careful about is narrowing downon the right property.

#roperties are becoming e$pensive day be day. It reuires the investor tocommit large funds at a single go. unds are locked up for a long time andthe money invested is illiuid. Therefore, many investors have to stay away

from such a form of investment.

This was once a major drawback which has been worked on and improved toa certain e$tent when many companies promoted real estate funds. These areventure funds with a focus on real estate, managed by the market regulator3/5I. The authority managed it under the category of venture capital funds.

The offer document of these funds is privately circulated. The investment ishigh with the minimum amount to stand at Rs EF lacs. The funds are gaining

popularity among high net worth individuals (*?I). iuidity remained themain problem as they had a lock in period of ma$imum si$ years.

The scenario changed with the recent policies drafted by 3/5I. It can changethe way investors should approach properties for investments. 3/5I openedthe gates for the launch of real estate mutual funds (R/7) which are basedon the concept of pooled diversification. R/7 will have an investment aim


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to put money directly or indirectly in Indian real estate and will be governed by 3/5I (7utual unds) Regulations.

VARANASI:AT GLANCE

"Benaras is older than history, older than tradition, older even than legend

and looks twice as old as all of them put together." 7ark Twain

@aranasi is to *indus what 7ecca is to 7uslims or the @atican 8ity to8atholics. It is also the site of one of the twelvegreatly revered Kyotirlingas of ord 3hivaN the shrineof ord :ashi @ishwanath, which was built in &HB

by 7aharani Ahilyabai *olkar of Indore, is on the banks of the =anges. This makes @aranasi particularly propitious for *indus. According to

legend and the pundits" grapevine (whose survivaldepends on propagating the myth) very few can tellapart these jyotirlingas from other lingas. The

jyotirlinga manifests itself into a fiery column that pierces the earthN but thisgrand inverted volcanic spectacle is reserved for the enlightened.

@aranasi has been a centre of learning and civili;ation for over two thousandyearsN this ancient city finds mention in many Indian epics. Activity

prevailed here when =reece and Rome did not e$istN it was a flourishingcentre of trade when 5uddha came to 3arnath, some &B km away, to preach

his first sermon in FBB 5.8. The city continues to draw 3anskrit scholars andstudents from all over the world.

According to *indu belief, @aranasi is at the cosmic centre of the universe,this confers the =anges which flows past it with potent sin washing powers.It is believed that a holy dip in @aranasi results in the remission of sins, anddying here circumvents rebirth. This belief has encouraged the establishment

http://www.indianrealtynews.com/Real%20Estate%20Fund%20Emerges%20As%20A%20Promising%20Prospect%20http://www.indianrealtynews.com/Real%20Estate%20Fund%20Emerges%20As%20A%20Promising%20Prospect%20


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home loans for the customers to hiring of residential apartments and rentingof to-let houses

In the recent years @aranasi has emerged as one of the rapidly progressingcities of India. The place, with the famous 5anaras *indu 9niversity, holy=hats and the :ashi @iswanath temple, has become one of the favoritedestinations for people from all over the world. ?umerous people flock tothis city and wish to have a base here.

The real estate agents of @aranasi strive to offer a compact propertytransaction package for the people. 2ith the help of these agents people can

buyOsell, rent, or hire flats of their choice within a very competitive price,thereby saving a lot of time and money too.

Apart from the basic property operations the real estate industry of @aranasialso deals with construction consultancy and leasing of land plots,

bungalows, offices and shops.

The well-known real estate agents and agencies of @aranasi include4P :umar and associatesP Aryan propertiesP @@ real estateP India realtors

2ith more and more building contracts, leasing agreements and hireOrentoptions, the real estate industry in @aranasi is growing by leaps and boundsevery day.

*ome loans in varanasi

*ome loans in @aranasi have helped even the common man to get a houseof his own. The long cherished dream of everyone of owing oneou find a branch network of all leading banks andfinance companies spanning the entire country. They have multiple branchesin @aranasi too.

@aranasi or 5enaras or :ashi whatever you call the city, the very essence of

http://www.indiahousing.com/banks-in-india/http://www.indiahousing.com/home-finance-companies.htmlhttp://www.indiahousing.com/banks-in-india/http://www.indiahousing.com/home-finance-companies.html


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the city lies in the ethnicity and holiness in every corner of @aranasi. Ahome in 5enaras is an escape away ;one in the shadow of the ord himself.To own one house in @aranasi, all you have to do is contact a local homeloan e$pert and get a housing loan that can help you fulfill your wish ofstaying nearer to =od. The real estate prices are rising rapidly not just in@aranasi but also all over the country and thus buying a home is not feasibleunless you have a housing loan that pays the home purchase amount for youand you can repay in easy installments called /7I. In times of financialcrisis this very house property of yours can prove to be a real asset as youcan get mortgage loans of upto HBQ of the house value in the local housingmarkets of @aranasi. Also you get special ta$ rebates on the home loan youhave taken. Kust get advice of an e$pert on the e$act product, its benefits andthe repayment solutions

#roperty dealers in varanasi

#roperty dealers in @aranasi give you the residential and commercial property listings you need if looking for a property to buy, sell or rent. Thereal estate agents in @aranasi help you find and shortlist the most suitable

property and proceed further. The real estate brokers help you strike deals onyour terms and the real estate consultants in @aranasi guide you about all thelegal aspects of the property transaction.

@aranasi also known as :ashi or 5enaras is a holy *indu pilgrimage citysituated on the banks of river =anga. It attracts a lot of tourists giving highcommercial potential to the city. Thus, buying a property in @aranasi can

prove to be a good investment. 8ommercial retail outlets like shops,restaurants etc. have fetched good businesses to the locals thus, buying a

property or renting one will help you in your growth. Kust contact a local

property dealer in @aranasi and get the most suitable property within notime.

The @aranasi property dealers are flooded with enuiries on eth propertiesavailable for commercial residential solutions that include guesthouses alsoknown as


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and the property dealers are stocking up their property listings for the same.If you want a house on rent in @aranasi, just contact a local property dealer.They help you get rental solutions for both short-term as well as long-term.

ist of property dealers in varanasi

Yash Properties Phone 0542-

3204428

Fax

Address: Varanasi Varanasi

Real estate consultants specializing in sale of plots, resorts, residential,

commercial & industrial property.

Mohini Associates Pvt. Ltd Phone 542-

220252

Fax

Address: ! 2"#$3"-$0 Rampuri, %agatgan Varanasi

Real estate agents in 'ndia offering real estate solutions for original

(oo)ings, real estate in*estment, property sur*ey.

Lalwani Property Dealer Phone 542-

32+034

Fax

Address: ar)et,adesar Varanasi

ale, purc/ase and lease of apartments, /ouses, *illas, farm/ouses,

industrial properties.

› Properties listed by Heritage Housing Pvt Ltd Phone 0542-

23"8Fax

Address: 8"#3, anga 1radus/an Road, /aganpur, an)a Varanasi

ffering sale, purc/ase and lease of apartments, /ouses, *illas,

farm/ouses, s/orooms, offices and industrial properties.

Vvrealestate Phone +4$54882$0

Fax Address: !-$2, l-par), ma/anagar e6tension Varanasi

1ro*iding ser*ices of real estate agent.

Aryan Properties Phone 054230+05

8

Fax

Address: 20#53,32,udd/a Vi/ar, all Road,!antt Varanasi


Tod ndia Li!ited Phone 7+$9-

5429-2$548+

Fax

Address: :rot la)e, 2nd lane +t/ floor Varanasi



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*ome architects in varanasi

*ome architects in @aranasi or 5enaras are helping many fulfill their desiresof owning a place called home in an architectural style conducive to thespiritual fabric of the city and at the same time not leaving behind themodern concepts of architecture. This has seen @aranasi architects in a

process of transition emphasi;ing more on contemporary ideas of designing buildings and other kinds of structures in their work. As a result, a whole

range of architectural services is now on offer in this traditional city, whichincludes structural designing, landscape designing and project estimationamong others.

2hile working on a residential project, they pay special attention toaccommodate modern home accessories provided by furniture andfurnishings , lighting and fi$tures , and home audio video systems in theirhouse plan. As the work of a home architect in @aranasi involves muchcalculation and a sort of repetitive task, several automation tools are now

being made available in the market. Thus, architects in the city are

increasingly adopting value-added home architect software.

5uilding material suppliers

5uilding material suppliers in @aranasi serve as an important channel to provide us with the stuffs that are normally reuired for the construction of ahouse. The commonly used building materials include bricks, metal joists,

cements and sand. >ou can get all these materials form any of the suppliersof building materials in @aranasi. *owever, you can be assured of theuality of the products when you make a purchase through an authori;eddealer. The growing realty sector in @aranasi ensures the presence of suchsuppliers in abundance. As the momentum of property development isgaining strength in the city, the number of authori;ed distributors will surely

http://www.indiahousing.com/varanasi/furniture-and-furnishings.htmlhttp://www.indiahousing.com/varanasi/furniture-and-furnishings.htmlhttp://www.indiahousing.com/varanasi/lighting-and-fixtures.htmlhttp://www.indiahousing.com/varanasi/home-audio-video-systems.htmlhttp://www.indiahousing.com/varanasi/http://www.indiahousing.com/varanasi/furniture-and-furnishings.htmlhttp://www.indiahousing.com/varanasi/furniture-and-furnishings.htmlhttp://www.indiahousing.com/varanasi/lighting-and-fixtures.htmlhttp://www.indiahousing.com/varanasi/home-audio-video-systems.htmlhttp://www.indiahousing.com/varanasi/


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rise. The present situation too will not pose any problem in locating areliable supplier anywhere in @aranasi.

@aranasi 6evelopment Authority

Varanasi Development Authority was formed by 9ttar #radesh 3tate=overnment for the 8onstruction and 6evelopment of Infrastructure in the8ity. The city attracts thousands of tourists every year from all over theworld because of the *eritage 3tatus granted to it by 9?/38, thus@aranasi 6evelopment Authority came into being. The beautiful templesand ama;ing ghats of the River =anges are very popular not only in India

but across the globe and VDA-Varanasi Development Authority has takenup the responsibility of undertaking construction of residential andcommercial spaces as well as implementing their projects in accordance withguidelines of 9?/38 so as to preserve the *eritage of the 8ity. romflats, duple$es, plot auction, @6A has a provision for all your demands inaccordance with your needs, comfort, convenience and most importantly,your budget.

The 7aster plan (&MM&-EB&&) of the @aranasi has been designed by the6evelopment Authority keeping in mind the ever growing population, latest

trends, financial development and the rise in the tourism sector but the perseverance of old architecture and conservation of cultural heritage of thecity has been given the almost importance. Incorporated under the9ttar#radesh 9rban #lanning and 6evelopment &MHD, the @aranasi 6evelopmentAuthority employs best of e$perts from various fields of architecture,engineering, planning, surveying etc to construct its projects and preservethe heritage infrastructures L sites.

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@A3T9 3*A3TRA

V!stu "!stra, also spelled as Vaastu #hastra (3anskrit vāstu +site, building, house+ and śāstra +treatise, instruction+) is one of the traditional*indu canons of town planning and architecture.

@aastu 3hastra deals with various aspects of designing and building livingenvironments that are in harmony with the physical and metaphysical forces.5uilding practices based on limited interpretations of these principles arestill sustained in specific areas of India. Though @astu is conceptually

similar to eng 3hui in that it also tries to harmoni;e the flow of energy(Also called ife-force, and #rana in 3anskrit, similar to 8hi in 8hinese)through the house, it differs in the details, such as the e$act directions inwhich various objects, rooms, materials etc are to be placed.

@astu 3hastra is an ancient science energy flow throughout thehouseOofficeOfactory that allows inflow of fresh air and natural lightthat promotes health, wealth, peace and happiness.

The most ancient science of architecture that goes back to the @edicages, it is composed of specific rules and regulations, set down bysages of those times, that an architect O builder O owner was e$pectedto religiously follow to avoid coming under negative or evilinfluences. Today, it is looked upon as a highly evolved,comprehensive building philosophy in which directions and shapesare the most vital aspects of designing.

Right from the selection of site to correct slope of land down to theshape of the building, this oldest form of architecture covers nearlyevery aspect of construction. ?ot only for houses but temples, palaces,forts, offices...just about every possible form of construction. ften

providing relief if not cures to physical or emotional problems simply by relocating an entrance, window or room.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sanskrithttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shastrahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hinduhttp://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/canonhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Town_planninghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Architecturehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Designhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buildinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Physicshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metaphysicshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Feng_Shuihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pranahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sanskrithttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chinese_languagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sanskrithttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shastrahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hinduhttp://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/canonhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Town_planninghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Architecturehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Designhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buildinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Physicshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metaphysicshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Feng_Shuihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pranahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sanskrithttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chinese_language


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In modern times , the knowledge of house building technology hasgrown so vast , that it has been branched off into special fields such asarchitecture, engineering and Interior decoration. Architecture dealswith the Internal comfort and e$ternal beauty, 8ivil engineering dealswith the structural stability but @aastu provides with the knowledge to

be adopted in building a house so as to make the native happy, healthyand prosperous. @aastu principles are applicable to individualresidential houses , industry, educational institutions, commercialcomple$es , theaters, hospitals, churches, etc.. If colonies, villages andcities are planned on its principles , it is said that they will all be very

prosperous. To understand @aastu all one needs is a little knowledgeabout Astronomy.

Inner $lanning o% a &ouse

The oven should ideally be in the south-east ;one.

Toilets should not be in the north-eastern, central and south-western ;ones.

The most south-western location is the ideal position for yourmaster bedroom.

#osition the boy


23/76

The provisions shown in the side diagram are as per the living style in theancient times. *owever considering the reuirements of the modern days it

can be rearranged based on the following guide lines&. :itchen fire should be in the 3outh -/ast and should never be at the

?orth-/ast, 8entre and the south west ;ones.

E. Toilets should not be provided at the ?orth-/ast, 8enter and the3outh-2est ;ones

D. 7aster bedroom should be in or nearest to the 3outh-west ones

G. 5oys< Rooms should be in the ?orth andOor /ast ones

F. =irls and =uest rooms should be in the ?orth - 2est ;ones.

0. *ead 3eat of the 5ed should be in the 3outh or the /ast 6irection

H. acing of the 2O8 should be towards the north or 2est 6irection


24/76


25/76

scalationThe developer should not enhance the price of the flatsOproperty once theagreement for sale is e$ecuted on any account whatsoever, e$cept foradditional government leviesOta$esOcourt orders or in terms of therelevant Acts.*onstruction o% (uldinglat purchaser should check that the builder carries out constructionstrictly in accordance with the sanctioned plans and specification by theconcerned authority . 5uilder should obtain completionO occupationcertificate priopr to possession of the flat by you.+uality o% *onstructionThe developer must ensure good uality materials and properworkmanship. 3pecifications as per agreenments should be adhered toand statutory specifications of the ocal #lanning Authority should be

complied with.Details o% ,ther MembersThe developer must prepare and maintain a list of flats, with theirnumbers and the names and addresses of the parties, price charged, termsand conditions on whichthe flats are taken or agreed to be taken.*arpet AreaThe carpet area of the flats O houses should be clearly and unambiguouslydefined in the agreement. #articulars regarding the area of the

balconiesOterraces and common areas should be shown seperately. The builder must mention the price of the flat including proportionate price ofthe balconies Oterraces and common areas and faacilities.AmenitiesThe nature, e$tent and description of all amenities and common facilitiesincluding one or more lift(s) should be clearly mentioned in theagreement for sale and same should be complied with. The flat purchsershould check si;e and capacity of these amenties. Improper si;e andcapacity may lead to lack of parking space, inconvenient staircases,overloaded lifts,inadeuate water pumping and storage, improperdrainage etc.

In%rastructreAll conditions with regard to infrastructures as set out in the layout planapproved by the 7uniciple authorityO #lanning authority should be fullycomplied with. The building and its premises should be left in a clean andhabitaable condition.8hange in #lanO3pecificationnce the plan and specification is approved by the local authority and


26/76

disclosedOfurnished to the flat purchaser, the builder should not make anyalteration, additions or deviations in the plan and specifications of the

buildings.Delayed *ompletion o% (uildingIn case of delayed completion of the building beyond the periodstipulated under the


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/ART*C9A:/ R/3I3TA?T 59I6I?=3

hy do buildings %ail in earth.uakes/

An /arthuake moves the ground. It can be one sudden movement, but moreoften it is a series of shock waves at short intervals, like our ripples from the

pebble in the pond. It can move the land up and down, and it can move itfrom side to side.

All buildings can carry their own weight (or they would fall down anyway by themselves). They can usually carry a bit of snow and a few other floorloads and suspended loads as well, verticallyN so even badly built buildingscan resist some up-and-down loads. 5ut buildings are not necessarily able toresist any side-to-side loads, unless they have been built to do so. Thisweakness would only be found out when the /arthuake strikes, and this is a

bad time to find out. It is this side-to-side load which causes the worstdamage, often collapsing poor buildings on the first shake.

The side-to-side load can be worse if the shocks come in waves, and some bigger buildings can vibrate like a huge tuning fork, each new sway biggerthan the last, until failure. This series of waves is more likely to happen

where the building is built on deep soft groundften more weight has been added to buildings, often at greater heights.Another floor, and another over thatN walls built round open balconies andinside partitions to make more, smaller, roomsN rocks piled on roofs to stopthem blowing awayN storage inside. This e$tra weight produces great forceson the structure and helps collapse. The more weight there is, and the higherthis weight is in the building, the stronger the building and its foundationsmust be to resist side earthuakesN many buildings have not beenstrengthened when the e$tra weight was added.

ften, any resistance to the sway loading of the building is provided bywalls and partitionsN but these are sometimes damaged and weakened in the7ain /arthuake. The building is then more vulnerable, and even a weakaftershock, perhaps from a slightly different direction, or at a differentfreuency, can cause collapse.In a lot of multi storey buildings, the floors and roofs are just resting on the


29/76

walls, held there by their own weightN and if there is any structural framing itis too often inadeuate. This can result in a floor or roof falling off itssupport and crashing down, crushing anything below.

In many concrete framed buildings, thought has gone in to the design of thecolumns to resist sway load, and the columns appear perfect until/arthuake oscillations start. 3mall cracks appear in the concrete. The

bonding of the stirrups" (the small steel bars which bind the mainreinforcement together) to the concrete weakens, the outer concretecrumbles (spalling), the main reinforcing bars can bend outwards away fromthe column and all strength disappears. This was beautifully demonstratedunder the akland reeway, where huge round concrete columns crumbledand crumpled. They have now been reinforced with massive belts aroundthem.

In a lot of multi storey buildings the lower floor has more headroom (sotaller columns)N and it often has more openings (so less walls)N and it isusually stood on pinned" feet with no continuity. 3o the ground-to-firstfloor columns, which carry the biggest loads from the weight and the biggestcumulative sideways loads from the earthuake, are the longest and the leastrestrained and have the least end fi$ity. They are often the first to fail. Itonly takes one to fail for the worst sort of disaster, the pancake collapse sofamiliar to any one who has seen the results in Armenia, 7e$ico, Turkey,Iran, #eru, and now #akistan and :ashmir.

3ometimes buildings are built on soft soilN this can turn into uicksand whenshaken about, leading to complete slumping of buildings into the soil.

3ome tall buildings can stay almost intact but fall over in their entirety. Thetaller the building, the more likely this is to happen, particularly if the

building can oscillate at the freuency of the shock waves, and particularly ifsome liuification of soft soil underneath has allowed the building to tilt.


30/76

@aranasi 6evelopment Authority, has issued amended bylaws for the 6elhiarea to ensure the coming up of earthuake-resistant buildings. Theincorporation of safety measures will be the responsibility of owners.

It has been made mandatory to provide a certificate along with building plans and an undertaking that the plans submitted for approval +satisfy thereuirements as stipulated by the ?58 (?ational 5uilding 8ode).

The certificate, as also the building plans, will have to carry the signatures ofthe building owner, the architect and that of a structural engineer. A similarcertificate will have to be furnished at the time of obtaining the completioncertificate for the building that it has been built strictly according to the

plans and design approved.

3o, a person desiring to build a house will have to be fully aware as to whatconstitutes a safe design for an earthuake-resistant building. This write-upis an attempt to list the common pitfalls which make a building vulnerable toearthuakes.

An interesting publication on the subject has been brought out by the Indian3tandards Institute (renamed the 5ureau of Indian 3tandards), ?ew 6elhi,entitled +/arthuake-Resistant 6esign and 8onstruction of 5uildings+.3everal e$pert agencies have worked together in bringing out this book. Thevarious recommendations listed in it have been verified e$perimentally on

models tested on the +shake-tables tests+.

The earthuake force imparted to a building is a function of mass. 3o, the building should be designed as light as possible, consistent with structuralsafety and functional reuirements. Thus the roof and the upper storeys ofthe building in particular should be designed in this manner. The differentcomponents of the building should be tied together in such a manner that itacts as one unit. The concrete slabs should be rigidly connected or integrallycast with the support beams.

Additions and alterations to the building should be accompanied by the provisions of +separation+ of the +crumple+ section between the new and thee$isting structure.

8antilever or projected parts should be avoided as far as possible. 5ut wherenecessary such a construction should be properly reinforced and fully tied tothe main structure and adeuately designed. A prefabricated construction has


31/76

been found, after the American earthuake of &M, to be prone to collapsedue to the post-tremor impact.

8eiling plaster should be avoided as far as possible, but where necessary,such a plaster should be kept as thin as possible. 3uspended ceiling shouldnot be provided as such a construction is most prone to falling down duringtremors. 2here provided, suspended ceiling sections should be adeuatelyframed and secured.

In order to minimise +torsion and stress concentration+, a building shouldhave a simple rectangular plan, and should be symmetrical, both withrespect to the mass and the rigidity of the structure. The length of therectangular section should be kept not more than three times its width.

The centre of rigidity is defined as the point where a lateral force, if applied,would produce eual deflections of its components as at any one level in any particular direction.

If the symmetry of the structure is not possible in the plan, elevation or themass, provision should made for torsion and other effects due to anearthuake in the structural design, or parts of different rigidities should be+separated through the crumple section+.

?o structure should be founded on loose soil (such as fine sand, silt). In case

loose fine soil or e$pansive clay soil cannot be avoided, we should either provide a +raft foundation+ or a +pile foundation+ with the piles transferringthe load to the firm soil. The other option available is the +foundationimprovement+ by either +sand piling+ or by +vibro-compaction+ of the loosesoil.

All the +individual footings+, or the +pile caps+ where adopted in soft soil,should be connected by reinforced concrete ties e$tending in at least twodirections at right angles to each other.

or buildings with a basement, the ties be placed at the level of the basementfloor. These ties should be designed to carry the load of the panel walls alsoif located on them.

3uch ties will not be needed where the structural floor connects the columnsat or below the plinth level. These ties should be designed to +tension+ and+compression+ loads, in addition to the a$ial load not less than the


32/76

earthuake force acting on the heaviest column connected. 2hile workingout the +buckling strength+ of the ties, the lateral support provided by thesoil should be taken into account.

2here necessary a complete separation of different parts of the buildingshould be made e$cept below the plinth level.

The foundations have to be euipped to face the lateral force whosemagnitude may be found from the +design seismic coefficient+ or fromdynamic model tests on shaking-tables.

It may be mentioned that the commonly adopted individual footings havevirtually no strength to meet the lateral forces. 5ut if the individual footingsare tied together with structural members of adeuate strength to transmit

tension or compression forces, from one footing to the group, the chances ofsurvival increase.

5asement walls provide a +thrust area+ which reduces the lateral forcereuired to be carried by the foundations. Raft foundations located on thewell-compacted soil reuire less rigid lateral support to ensure greater+damping+ and absorb a greater amount of energy.

6oors and windows in the walls reduce their lateral load resistance andhence these should preferably be small and centrally located. The top of all

openings in any one storey should be at the same level so that a continuous band is provided.

5and of reinforced concrete or reinforced brick work, provided in the wallsis to tie together and to impart hori;ontal bending strength, which is adesirable feature against earthuake forces. ne such band should be locatednear the plinth level and other just below the roof. 3uch bands provide theoverall integrity of the building so that all the walls act simultaneouslytogether under the earthuake force which then get distributed on the walls.

The bands at the plinth level, the lintel level and the roof level should be joined by the vertical steel (73 bar of &E mm diametre for a single-storeyhouse, and an & mm bar located at the junction of the walls is consideredadeuate.


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Why do you want to purchase a flat?Reasons ?o4 of people

or living purpose F0

or renting &B

As an investment EF

Any other BM

why do you want to purchase a "lat#

0

0

!0

"0

#0$0

%0

for li&ing

purpose

for renting as an

in&estment

any other

reasons

n o $ o " p e o p l e

INTERPRETATION: rom the above analysis it can be said that4

• F0Q of the population of varanasi city buys a flat for living

purpose

• &BQ of people purchases it for giving it on rent

• EFQ people buys flat as an investment

• MQ people purchase for other reasons


34/76

What is your preferred mode of selecting a ‘for

sale’ flat?7ode ?o4 of people

Real estate agents DBriends andrelatives

EF

Advertisements &F

8onsult all theabove people

DB

what is your pre"erred !ode o" locatinga %"or sale% "lat#

real estate agent

friends and relati&es

ad&ertisements

consult all the abo&e

Interpretation:

• DBQ people locate flats through real estate agents

• EFQ people locate flats with the help of friends and relatives

• &FQ people prefer locating flats through the various advertisements

• DBQ people locate flats by consulting all i.e. real estate agents, friends

and relatives, advertisements.


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HOW WILL YOU ARRANGE THE COST OF

YOUR FLAT?

76/ ?4 #/#/

6epending entirely on your funds E

oans from banks DB

oans from other financialinstitutions

F

5orrowing from friendsLrelatives 0

combination of above options D&

!'"0

$ %

"

0

$

0

$!0

!$

"0

"$

only self

funding

loans from

banks

loans from

other institutes

from friennds

and relatives

combination of

above

INTERPRETATION:• EQ varanasi depends entirely upon it"s funds for buying a flat

• DBQ take home loans from banks

• FQ take loans from other financial institutions

• 0Q of people borrows from friends and relatives

• D&Q prefers a combination of above options for arranging the cost


36/76

What is the most preferred combination of

the various modes of arranging the cost of

the flat?combination aLb ALc ALd 5Lc 5Ld 8Ld A,bLc A,cLd A,bLd

?o4 of persons

G F E F B B D G

Q ofcombination

EF. &E.M &0.&E 0.GF &0.&E B B M.0H &E.M

0

$

0

$

!0

!$

"0

&P'(PL'

a&b a&c a&c b&c b&d a,c&d a,b&d

co!bination

Most pr"erred co!bination o"

arranging the cost o" "lat

Interpretation:

• EF.Q of the D& who arrange the cost of flat by combining two

modes prefer combining their funds and taking loans from bank

• &E.MQ of the D& prefer arranging the cost through their funds

and taking loans from other financial institutions• EQ of the D& arrange the cost by taking loans both from banks

and other financial institutions

• FQ of D& prefer taking loans from banks and borrowing from

friends and relatives

• M.0HQ of D& prefer combining their funds with loans from other

institutions and borrowing from friends and relatives


37/76

• GQ of D& combine their funds, loans from banks and borrowing

from friends and relatives.

What kind of location would you prefer

being the buyer of the flat?

:ind of location ?o4 of people

In the main city DG

In a suburban area &F

n the main road &D

n a uiet lane nearriver =anges

&H

In an area close to themain market

E&

L()AT(* P+','++'D

0$

0$!0

!$"0"$#0

in the main

city

in a

suburban

area

on the

main road

on a quiet

lane near

river

ganges

in an area

close to

the main

market

TYP' (, L()AT(*

(

)

*

+)

,

*

Interpretation:

• DGQ of people prefer living in the main city

• &FQ of people prefer buying a flat in a suburban area

• &DQ of people like to a buy a flat which is situated on the

main road


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• &HQ people like their flat on a uiet lane near river =anges

• E&Q people like to purchase a flat on the location near the

main market

Is community, a major consideration of

yours before buying?

>es 0H

?o D&

- )(MM.*TY A MA/(+

)(*-D'+AT(* 0',(+' 0.Y*1

-*.

/+

Interpretation: 0HQ of the people consider community

before buying a flat whereas the rest D&Q doesn"t mindcommunity before purchasing the flat.


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Do you consider vastu shastra, whileapproving the layout of your flat?

>es 0&

?o DM

00!0"0#0

$0%0

0

&P'(PL'

-*. /+

A1+''M'*T

)(*-D'+AT(* (, VA-T.

-HA-T+A

Interpretation: A major portion of the population ofvaranasi i.e. 0&Q people consider vastu shastra and the rest


40/76

DMQ do not worry much about vastu while approving thelayout.

Do you verify that the plot on which the

building stands is non agricultural and

has a clear title?

>es H&

?o EM

0

!0

#0

%0

'0

& (,

P'(PL'

-*. /+

A1+''M'*T

D( Y(. V'+,Y THAT TH' PL(T -

*(* A1+).LT.+AL A*D HA- A

)L'A+ TTL'#


41/76

Interpretation: H&Q of people verifies about thefertility status of the land and whether it has a clear title or not

but the rest EMQ do not verify this aspect.

Do you verify whether a co-operative

housing society has been formed or not?

>es 0M

?o D&

V'+,)AT(* (, ,(+MAT(* (, A

)(2(P'+ATV' -()'TY

0

0

!0

"0

#0

$0

%00

'0

A1+''M'*T

& (

, P ' ( P L '

-*.

/+


42/76

Interpretation: 0MQ of the people verifies about theformation of the co-operative society and the rest D&Q don"tverify.

if a co-operative society has been formed

whether the conveyance of the plot and

building in favour of the society has been

completed by the builder is checked by

you or not?

>es 0H

?o DD

)H')3*1 A0(.T T+A*-,'+ (,P+(P'+TY * ,AV(.+ (, )(2

(P'+ATV' -()'TY

-*.

/+


43/76

Interpretation: 0HQ of the people check whether a proper transfer of property in the name of co-operative societyhas been done or not and the rest DDQ don"t verify or checkabout it.

Apart from checking the legal aspects by

yourself do you also consult a lawyer?

>es H

?o EE

)(*-.LTAT(* (,A LA4Y'+ ,(+

L'1AL A-P')T-

0

0

!0

"0

#0

$0

%0

0'0

10

-*. /+

A1+''M'*T

& (

, P ' ( P L '

-*.

/+


44/76

Interpretation: HQ people prefer consulting a lawyertoo before buying a flat whereas the rest EEQ don"t go to thelawyer for having a legal check on the flat.

You prefer buying a flat that is:

9nder construction G

Already constructed FE

P+','+'*)' (, ,LAT$

under

constru

ction

already

constru

cted


45/76

Interpretation: GQ people buying flats that are still inthe process of being constructed but a major population i.e.FEQ of people prefer buying an already constructed flat.

Are you aware of the various norms to be

followed before constructing a building

for making it earthquake resistant?

>es HB

?o DB

A4A+'*'-- A0(.T TH'

'A+TH5.A3' *(+M-

0

0

!0

"0

#0

$0

%0

0

'0

-*. /+

& (

, P ' ( P L '

-*.

/+


46/76

Interpretation: HBQ people are aware about the normsthat are to be followed for constructing an earthuake resistant

building but still a DBQ of the population is unaware aboutthese norms.

Do you specifically look for buildingswhich are constructed following the

specified norms for building an

earthquake resistant building?

>es 0G

?o D0


47/76

P+','+'*)' (, 'A+TH5.A3'

+'--TA*T 0.LD*1-

0

0

!0

"0

#0

$0

%0

0

-*. /+

& (

, P ' ( P L '

-*.

/+

Interpretation: 0GQ people look for flats in an

earthuake resistant building and the rest D0Q are not botheredmuch about the building being earthuake resistant.

Do you enquire about the architect of

the building and does his reputation has

an effect on your decision of buying?

>es HG

?o E0


48/76

',,')T'D 0Y TH' +'P.TAT(* (,

0.LD*1 A+)HT')T

-*.

/+

Interpretation: HGQ people are concerned about thereputation of the building architect and their buying decision isaffected by it whereas E0Q people do not fuss about the

reputation of the architect.

What do you think is a better option?

5uying a flat H0

Renting a flat EG


49/76

4H)H - TH' 0'TT'+ (PT(*#

0

0

!0

"0

#0

$0

%00

'0

23-I/4 5 6,57 8*/7I/4 5 6,57

(PT(*-

& (

, P ' ( P L '

Interpretation: H0Q of the people consider that buying

a flat is a better option than renting a flat. n the other handEGQ think renting a flat is a better option than buying a flat.

PLEASE MARK ALL THE LEGAL

ASPECTS MENTIONED WHICH YOU

ENSURE YOURSELF ABOUT BEFOREBUYING A FLAT?

#TI?3

/=A A3#/8T3 ?4#/#/


50/76

a Approved plan of the building along with no4 of floors 0&

b /nsuring that the floor you are buying is approved H&

c /nsuring that building is constructed without violating rulesfor side setback, height, front setback etc.

FD

d ?8 obtained for urban land ceiling FDe ?8 obtained for water and electricity supply FH

A4A+'*'-- A0(.T TH' L'1AL

A-P')T-

!(

!#(

'(

'(

1(

a

b

c

d

e

Interpretation: E&Q people are aware about option a",EGQ about b", &Q for option c" and d" and &MQ people areaware about option e".

NUMBERS OF ASPECTS PEOPLE ARE

AWARE ABOUT:

Aware about all the aspects EH

Aware about none BH

Aware about only E aspects &B

Aware about only D aspects ED


51/76


52/76

0

!0

#0

%0

'0

00

!0

! " #

+A*3-

& (

, P ' ( P L '

d

c

b

a


53/76

0

!0

#0

%0

'0

00

!0

2 5 9 :

(PT(*-

- ) ( + '


54/76

0

!0

#0

%0

'0

00

!0

! " # $

+A*3-

& (

, P ' ( P L ' e

d

c

b

a


55/76

0

!0

#0

%0

'0

00

!0

#0

5 2 9 : *

,A)LT'-

- )

( + '

5

2

9

:

*


56/76

FINDINGS

7ost of the people buy flats for living purpose and locate flats forsale through real estate agents and apart from these seek advice offamily and friends and also advertisements

#eople mostly prefer to pay the amount of flat entirely from their own pocket or prefer a combination of their own funds and bank loans.

The most preferred location for buying a flat is the main city(DGQ) or

a flat in a location near to the main market(E&Q)

7ore than half of the population considers community before buyinga flat

ayout approval of the flat by 0&Q of the people is done on the basisof the vastu shastra

Appro$imately everyone confirms before buying that the plot is a

non-agricultural one.

0MQ of the people inuire about the e$istence of a co-operativesociety and 0HQ of them confirm about proper legal transfer of

property in the name of the co-operative society.

Awareness about legal aspects is good among people but apart fromindividual knowledge HQ prefer consulting a lawyer.

ocation of the flat is the prime concern and good power and watersupply is the most preferred infrastructural facility.

*alf of the population like buying already constructed flats and thereputation of the architect has effect on the purchase of the flat.


57/76


58/76

CONCLUSION

The booming Real /state has made #roperty developers billionairesovernight, with profit overflowing in the sector. ffice and shopping mallrentals continued their upward trend, The real estate industry is estimated toreach J0B billion by EB&B with a growth rate of DB per cent. The industryentered the 6alal 3treet in a big way and floated &E public issues in the year,making it a leading sector in terms of fund raising.

Real estate is a bubble that seems to be blown in to ma$imum each time wehear of a price rise in the Indian realty sector. 5ut then the myth is brokenand a fact is established stating there


59/76

The property market is booming because the buyers are increasing as the people are gaining more purchasing power in their hands. 5uyers are becoming more aware of the various aspects related to purchase of a property. The tastes, preferences and demands of the buyers are increasingas the world is progressing technologically. The want for every facility andlu$ury is spreading among all the classes of society but also at reasonable

prices. lat culture is increasing in varanasi as the people are now living asnuclear families. 7any people also buy flats here as an investment and manyfor earning a parallel income from renting the flats. @aranasi is a holy city and the people here believe in vastushastra a lot and thus look for flats designed according to the specifications.Also after so many tragedies in other part of India because of naturalcalamities especially earthuakes people are now concerned about theirsafety and prefer earthuake resistant buildings.

?ot only this but aware of all the type of illegal activitiesrelated to property dealing, people get themselves acuainted about thevarious legal aspects and also consult a lawyer before any purchase. All in all it can be concluded from this study that although thecity has still not progressed much when compared to other cities, the peopleare in no way lacking in knowledge about any area and whether it"s theyoung buyers or older ones everyone is concerned about the safety andlegality of the property under consideration of purchase.


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LIMITATIONS

?o research is free from limitations and weakness. Theresearch work done by me thus contains the following limitations4

&. The generalisability of the work is not good as the universe(varanasi)

is very large as compared to the sample taken(&BB people).

E. Also, the accuracy of the study is uestionable due to time restraints,small sample si;e and financial limitations.

D. The method of analysis is not accurate and contains various statisticalflaws.

G. The information disclosed by the respondents is not always correctthus the validity of conclusions is not very high.

F. 6ue to ine$perience and less knowledge about the methodologies ofresearch, the work must be full of methodological weaknesses.


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BIBLIOGRAPHY

(,,0#1 &. :othari, 8.R, Research 7ethodology E. :rishnaswamy,.R, 7ethodology of Research in 3ocial sciences

(#I'#1&. www.indiahousing.comE. www.wikipedia.orgD. www.mapsofindia.comG. www.magicbricks.com

F. www.MMacres.com

http://www.indiahousing.com/http://www.wikipedia.org/http://www.mapsofindia.com/http://www.magicbricks.com/http://www.99acres.com/http://www.indiahousing.com/http://www.wikipedia.org/http://www.mapsofindia.com/http://www.magicbricks.com/http://www.99acres.com/


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Buying behaviour of flatsby people of varanasi city.Respected 3irO7adam,I ama student of 55A-I@th semester, from

,. I am currently doing this survey as a part of my curriculum and thus assureyou that the information disclosed by you will only be used for academic

purpose. Assuming yourself as the prospective buyer of the flat pleaseanswer the following uestions.

!#$%&' (%)$*&+($% ?ame4 SSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSAddress4 SSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSS.

ccupation4 SSSSSSSSSSSSSSSS.=ender4 7OAge4 SSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSS

?o4 of members in the family4 SSSSSSSS..

C.& 2hy do you want to purchase a flat! a) or living purpose b) or renting c) As an investment d) Any other please specifySSSSSSSSS

C.E 2hat is your preferred mode of locating a for sale" flat! a) Real estate agents

b) riends and relatives c) Advertisements d) >ou consult all of the above people


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C.D 2hat is the priority of your consideration before buying a flat! #leaserank the given options according to your preference. a) inance

b) ocationc) 3pace reuiredd) Infrastructural facilities

C.G *ow will you arrange the cost of the flat! a) 6epending entirely on your funds b) Taking home loans from banks c) Taking loan from other financial institutions

d) 5orrowing from relatives and friends e) A combination of the above options, please writeSSS...

C.F 2hat kind of location would you prefer being the buyer of the flat!a) In the main city

b) In a suburban area c) n the main road d) n a uiet lane near river =anges e) In an area close to the main market

C.0 #lease rank the infrastructural facilities reuirement according to your

priority. a) #ower and water supply b) #ro$imity to working placec) #ro$imity to schools, hospitalsd) ?earness to parks and other recreational amenitiese) #roper parking place

C.H Is community, a major consideration of yours before buying! a) >es b) ?o

C. 6o you consider @astu 3hastra, while approving the layout of your flat! a) >es b) ?o

C.M 6o you verify that the plot on which the building stands is nonagricultural and has a clear title! a) >es b) ?o


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C.&B 6o you verify whether a co-operative housing society has been formedor not! a) >es b) ?o

C.&& And if a co-operative society has been formed whether the conveyanceof the plot and building in favour of the society has been completed by the

builder is checked by you or not! a) >es b) ?o

C.&E Are you aware of all the legal aspects necessary for a properacuisition of the flat! #lease mark all the options you ensure yourselfabout.

a) approved plan of the building along with the no4 of floors b) ensuring that the floor you are buying is approved c) /nsuring that the builder is building without any violation of side-setback, height, front setback, etc. d) /nsure that urban land ceiling ?o bjection certificate has beenobtained or not e) ?o bjection certificate from water and electricity authorities have

been obtained

C.&D Apart from checking the legal aspects by yourself do you also consult alawyer! (a) >es (b) ?o

C.&G >ou prefer buying a flat4 (a) 9nder construction (b) already constructed

C.&F Are you aware of the various norms to be followed before constructinga building especially for making the buildings earthuake resistant!

(a) >es (b) ?o

C.&0 If yes, then do you specifically look for buildings which areconstructed following the specified norms! (a) >es (b) ?o

C.&H 6o you enuire about the architect of the building and does hisreputation has an effect on your decision of your buying!


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(a) >es (b) ?o

C.& what do you think is the better option4 (a) 5uying a flat (b) Renting a flat T*A?: >9


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project report survey

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