problem analysis using problem tree approach rev 2 (1)

8/18/2019 Problem Analysis Using Problem Tree Approach Rev 2 (1)

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04/14/16

Problem Analysis Usingthe Problem Tree

Approach


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Objectives

At the end of the session, the participants

shall:

have a better understanding of the

Problem Analysis Using Problem Tree

Approach as a concept and as a tool in

problem analysis


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Definition of Terms

Problem

any significant deviation from the normal and

standard condition or desired situation.

Causal factor

a factor or condition that does or may influence a

problem.


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Causal link

when a factor is connected or related to anotherfactor or condition

Causal chain

a representation of the causal links between

factors

Problem Tree iagram

a simplified representation of the cause!and!effect

relationships of factors or problems


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Problem TreeProblem Tree

ApproachApproach

EFFECTS

CORE PROBLEM(S)

CAUSE(S)

BRANCHES

TRUNK

ROOTS


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Problem Analysis and Problem Tree

FocalProblem/s

Effect

Case

Mal!tr"t"o!

Lo# r"ce $ro%ct"o!

L"m"te% ca$"tal


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Importance of Problem Tree Model

Ensures/guarantees understanding of the scope

of the problem or situation and what really

happens

Helps in understanding the mechanisms or

means of understanding the problem

A useful tool for getting to the root of the problem


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Facilitates the identification of possible/

appropriate interventions

uides the decision ma!ing process for the

identification of the most appropriate strategy forthe resolution of the problem

serves as reference in program/pro"ect planning


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serves as guide in identifying appropriate andrelevant interventions from the causal factors

identified

serves as a framewor! of reference for monitorin

and evaluation

helps in formulating hypothesis or opinions thatneeds to be proven or e#amined


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Guidelines in Building Problem Tree Diagram

"chedule

The number of sessions to build a Problem Tree

iagram depends on the scope of thedevelopment goal

Team composition #ulti!disciplinary team is needed and sub!groups

could be formed


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iscussion process

$rainstorming techni%ue is used e&tensively

The 'acilitator(#oderator

The success of a brainstorming session depends

largely on the facilitation skills of thefacilitator(moderator

The )ecorder

*eeps track and takes down notes of the

proceedings of the discussion.


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Requirements in Building

Problem Tree Diagram

$ig wall, or $rown paper if no wall

"trips of cartolina, cut into + & -#asking tapes

!/ Pentel pens


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Procedure in Building Problem Tree Diagram

0. 1rite all possible problems on the strips2

one problem per strip.

3. iscuss the problems and determine the

ma4or problem. Put the strip containing the

ma4or problem on the upper part of thewall.


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. "tart brainstorming on the causes of the ma4orproblem identified.

+. $ranch out the causes either hori5ontally or

vertically. Agree on causal links. 6&ample:

$ow %roduction

$ac! of

&apital

$ac! of

'rrigation

(ar!eting

%roblem


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/. $uild diagram line by line.

6&ample:

$ac! of

&apital

(ar!eting

%roblem

$ow

income

$ac! of

credit

$ow

price)raders

monopoly


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7. Continue breaking the causes into

secondary and tertiary level causes.

8. 9dentify the causal or logical

relationships among the different

problems by drawing lines or arrows.


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-. "top breaking the causes when ready forintervention. 9dentify interventions; from thelast bo& in the diagram. Treating the problemat its roots usually results in resolving the

higher order symptoms in the long term.

Possible interventions can also be identifiedat each level, but many underlying causes

remain unresolved and prevent an enduringsolution of the problem;


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problem analysis using problem tree approach rev 2 (1)

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