Presentations communicate ideasPresentations communicate ideas

The greatest ideas are (literally) The greatest ideas are (literally) worthless if you keep them to yourself.worthless if you keep them to yourself.

““Credit goes to the man who convinces Credit goes to the man who convinces the world, not the man to whom the idea the world, not the man to whom the idea first occurred”first occurred”

Sir Francis Darwin.Sir Francis Darwin.

OverviewOverview

Knowing your audienceKnowing your audience PlanningPlanning DeliveryDelivery Body languageBody language Aids aidAids aid

PresentationsPresentations

Opportunity to tell and showOpportunity to tell and show Interactive experienceInteractive experience Present yourself as well as the talkPresent yourself as well as the talk Depth and scope determined by Depth and scope determined by

audienceaudience

Principles of effective Principles of effective presentationspresentations

Be interesting Be interesting Persuade your audience that they Persuade your audience that they

are trueare true Communicate your arguments and Communicate your arguments and

evidenceevidence

Three E’sThree E’s

EducateEducate

ExplainExplain

EntertainEntertain

(Paul N. Edwards, University of Michigan 1998-(Paul N. Edwards, University of Michigan 1998-2004)2004)

Your listeners are listeningYour listeners are listening

““Listeners” listen between 25%-50% of Listeners” listen between 25%-50% of timetime

Short term memory holds 5-7 pointsShort term memory holds 5-7 points People remember 10% of what they hear People remember 10% of what they hear

vs. 50% of what they readvs. 50% of what they read Window of communication = 2.5 - 5.0% of Window of communication = 2.5 - 5.0% of

your totalyour total

presentation timepresentation time

Engage the brainEngage the brain

‘’‘’People learn better from words and People learn better from words and pictures thanpictures than

from words alone.’’ from words alone.’’ (Mayer and (Mayer and Anderson, 1991)Anderson, 1991)

Different learning stylesDifferent learning styles

VisualsVisuals StatisticsStatistics AnalogiesAnalogies DemonstrationsDemonstrations TestimonialsTestimonials ArtefactsArtefacts ExhibitsExhibits

The four P’s to make it workThe four P’s to make it work

PLANPLAN PREPARE PREPARE PRACTICEPRACTICE PRESENTPRESENT

Where to start ?Where to start ?

Brainstorm for:Brainstorm for: Why?Why? PLANPLAN Who?Who?

What?What? PREPAREPREPARE How?How? PRACTICEPRACTICE

When?When? Where?Where? PRESENTPRESENT

Plan – the core messagePlan – the core message

Define the objective of talk based on:Define the objective of talk based on:

Why?Why? Who?Who?

Reason for presentationReason for presentation Pitch the Pitch the audienceaudience

Impact on audienceImpact on audience (size, age, (size, age, gender,gender,

What actionWhat action knowledge, bias, knowledge, bias, culture)culture)

Talk Talk to to your audience rather than your audience rather than at at themthem

Structure - shape the talkStructure - shape the talk

IntroductionIntroduction Tell them what you are going to tell themTell them what you are going to tell them BodyBody Tell themTell them SummarySummary Tell them what you told themTell them what you told them

Scaffolding of presentationScaffolding of presentation

IntroductionIntroduction Grab attentionGrab attention State objectiveState objective Highlight ideas Highlight ideas BodyBody PersuadePersuade InformInform Entertain Entertain SummarySummary Restate PointsRestate Points Point the way forwardPoint the way forward

Something dramaticSomething dramatic Why they should listen?Why they should listen? Range of talk Range of talk

3-5 main themes3-5 main themes Introductions and Introductions and

summariessummaries

No new materialNo new material Memorable as openingMemorable as opening Incite to actionIncite to action

Practice makes perfectPractice makes perfect

DeliveryDelivery

Watch your body postureWatch your body posture

Use a conversational toneUse a conversational tone

Eye contact – 90% of Eye contact – 90% of speaking timespeaking time

SmileSmile

Vary the pace, pauseVary the pace, pause

Body languageBody language

55%55% Visual Visual 38% 38% Verbal Verbal 7%7% TonalTonal

93% of communication is non verbal93% of communication is non verbal Prepare for the earPrepare for the ear Three dimensionalThree dimensional

AIDS AIDAIDS AID

Flip Charts and White BoardsFlip Charts and White Boards Overhead ProjectorOverhead Projector Slide ProjectorSlide Projector PC & Data ProjectorPC & Data Projector Video/MultimediaVideo/Multimedia HandoutsHandouts

Tips for effective slidesTips for effective slides

Keep it simple (6X6 rule)Keep it simple (6X6 rule) One idea per slideOne idea per slide Good visuals are visibleGood visuals are visible 10% of men: red/green colour blind10% of men: red/green colour blind No advance informationNo advance information “ “Life span” of each visualLife span” of each visual

The art of science communication:using PowerPoint effectively atThe art of science communication:using PowerPoint effectively at

http://ian.umces.edu/pdfs/science_comm_powerpoint.pdfhttp://ian.umces.edu/pdfs/science_comm_powerpoint.pdf

Tips for effective slidesTips for effective slides

Use landscape format preferablyUse landscape format preferably Use large letteringUse large lettering Use pictures, figures, titles, or short, clearUse pictures, figures, titles, or short, clear

captioncaption Avoid data in tables or in textAvoid data in tables or in text Avoid complete sentences, use “headlines”Avoid complete sentences, use “headlines” Remove all information from figures that is Remove all information from figures that is

not absolutely necessarynot absolutely necessary

Tips for effective slidesTips for effective slides

Combine left & right brain sensory channelsCombine left & right brain sensory channels Left brain: words, sentences,Left brain: words, sentences, Right brain: graphs, charts,symbols, picturesRight brain: graphs, charts,symbols, pictures Change sequence of eye scanning - horizontal, Change sequence of eye scanning - horizontal,

vertical, diagonalvertical, diagonal

LogisticsLogistics

When & Where When & Where AttendanceAttendance Check out roomCheck out room Test equipmentTest equipment Adapt layoutAdapt layout Arrive earlyArrive early

Q&A pointersQ&A pointers

““What questions do you have?” vs. “Any What questions do you have?” vs. “Any questions?”questions?”

Most interactive partMost interactive part Eliminate barriersEliminate barriers Repeat or restateRepeat or restate Respond simply and directlyRespond simply and directly Be patientBe patient

Final pointersFinal pointers

One main ideaOne main idea The ‘rule of three’The ‘rule of three’ Big startBig start Bigger finishBigger finish

ChecklistChecklist SimpleSimple Less is moreLess is more Seize attentionSeize attention Be memorableBe memorable Demand actionDemand action

How well you present your How well you present your materialmaterial

directly impacts on how well it isdirectly impacts on how well it isreceived.received.

“ “ A speech is a solemn responsibility. The A speech is a solemn responsibility. The man who makes a bad thirty-minute man who makes a bad thirty-minute speech to two hundred people wastes speech to two hundred people wastes only half an hour of his own time. But he only half an hour of his own time. But he wastes one hundred hours of the wastes one hundred hours of the audience's time-more than four days-audience's time-more than four days-which should be a hanging offence.“ which should be a hanging offence.“

Jenkin Lloyd JonesJenkin Lloyd Jones